motions of the planets: rotation, revolution, gravity, inertia by: brianna shields
TRANSCRIPT
Motions of the Planets: Rotation, Revolution, Gravity, Inertia
BY: BRIANNA SHIELDS
DO NOW
• 1. Which planet exhibits retrograde rotation?
• 2. Which type of “space debris” consists of a ball of ice, snow and dust?
• 3. Which planet has soil containing iron oxide, a component of rust?
GOAL
• To be able to describe the bodies found in our solar system and the way in which they move
Gravity and Inertia
• Gravity
• Holds planets in orbit around sun, prevents them from flying off
Gravity and Inertia
• Inertia • Allows them to continue in forward motion
• An object in motion stays in motion, an object at rest stays at rest, unless acted on by a force
Gravity and Inertia
• WEBSITES • Exploring Gravity• Keeping Satellites in Orbit• Science Monster Gravity and
Inertia Game
Rotation versus Revolution
• ROTATION– Spinning on its
axis– Causes day and
night– 24 hours– Side facing sun
= day
• REVOLUTION– Going around
another object– Causes seasons– 365 1/4 days– Hemisphere tilted
toward sun has summer
What causes day & night on Earth?
QuickTime™ and aSorenson Video 3 decompressorare needed to see this picture.
Rotation
Rotation
What causes seasons on Earth?
QuickTime™ and aSorenson Video 3 decompressorare needed to see this picture.
Seasons
• Summer Solstice
• Summer= June 21 (longest day of year)
• N. hemisphere tilted farthest toward sun
• N. hemi gets more direct sunlight causing intense warming of earth’s surface
Seasons
• Winter Solstice
• Winter= Dec 21 (shortest day of year)
• N. hemisphere tilted farthest away sun
• N. hemi gets more spreading of sunlight causing weak rays to hit earth’s surface
Seasons
• Autumnal Equinox
• Fall= Sept 21• Earth’s axis is not tilted
toward or away from sun• After summer, before winter
Seasons
• Vernal Equinox
• Spring= March 21• Earth’s axis is not tilted
toward or away from sun• After winter, before summer
Seasons
• WEBSITES • How does the earth’s tilt cause seasons?
Seasons
• WEBSITES • Seasons• Observing Motions in the Sky
1• Observing Motions in the Sky
2• Orbit Simulator• Current Day and Night on
Earth
Sketching the Rotation of the Earth
• Create a sketch of the Earth in your notebook, but make sure you do the following:
• 1. Draw the sun in the center• 2. Draw four Earths in four
positions around the sun (summer, winter, spring and fall)
• 3. Make sure the Earth is tilted correctly for each season
• 4. Label each Earth with the season and write an explanation as to the cause of each of the seasons
Assessment: Poster
• Pick your favorite planet and create a poster with the following requirements:
• Explain each of the following terms by drawing a picture. Accompany each term with a brief explanation.– Gravity– Inertia– Rotation– Revolution
• Now color the planet and record the following for your planet:– Amount of gravity– Period of rotation– Period of revolution
Assessment: Questions
• Answer each of the following questions in your notebook:
• 1. How much of the Earth is facing the sun at any given time?
• 2. How do you know what side of the Earth is experiencing day?
• 3. When does summer occur in the southern hemisphere (what month). What is going on with the Earth to cause this?
• 4. What is the name of the Earth’s motion that describes why we have night and day?
• 5. Explain the positioning of the Earth during the winter solstice
Assessment: Questions
• Answer each of the following questions in your notebook:
• 6. What occurs during both the autumnal and vernal equinoxes?
• 7. Why does the Northern Hemisphere experience winter during November - February? Why is it colder during these months?
• 8. How long does day last on June 21 in the arctic circle?
• 9. Where on Earth does the length of day and night never change?