LIC. EN IDIOMA INGLÉS

INTRODUCCIÓN A LA TRADUCCIÓN

INGLÉS-ESPAÑOL-INGLÉS

6° Cuatrimestre

Lic. Mario Díaz Escobedo

Equipo 2

Marbella Fernández Orozco

Ricardo E. Ramírez Posada

Esau

WHAT’S ?

OriginGreek

morph-

shape

form

-ology Study of something

The internal structure of words

Morphology as a sub-discipline of linguistics was named for the first time in 1859 by the German linguist August Schleicher who used the term for the study of the form of words.

THE PURPOSES OF STUDYING MORPHOLOGY

The two basic purposes for morphology:

A. THE CREATION OF NEW

WORDS

B. THE MODIFICATION OF

EXISTING WORDS.

What is a word?

They are the smallest independent units of language.

They do not depend on other words which means that they can be separated from other units and can change position.

They have an internal structure and are built up by even smaller

pieces.

wordsimpl

ecomplex

A WORD AND ITS PARTS:

A root morpheme is the basic form to which other morphemes are attached. It provides the basic meaning of the word.

simple words that don’t have an internal structure and only consist of one piece. A simple word only consisting of one single morpheme is therefore a free morpheme, that is, it is a word itself.

EXAMPLE: work. 

There is no way we can divide work (wo-rk?) into smaller parts that carry meaning or function.

Complex words however, do have an internal structure and consist of two or more pieces. Morphemes that must be attached to another morpheme to receive meaning are bound morphemes.

EXAMPLE: worker

where the ending –er is added to the root work to make it into a noun meaning someone who works. 

MORPHEMES

Example:

PREFIXESThey are placed before the root

Inflection

They do not change the part of the speech

Make (verb) True (noun)

Remake (verb) Untrue (noun)

Derivation

They change the part of the speech(sometimes)

Forget (verb)

Unforgettable (adjective)

SUFFIXESThey are placed after the root

● INFLECTIONSDo not change the part of the speech. Example: (verb - verb) work – works (noun - noun) hand – hands● ROOT + BOUND MORPHEMES = NEW WORD wonder + ful = wonderful arrive + ing= arriving

● DERIVATIONAL They change the part of the speech (sometimes) nation (noun) national (adjective) usual (adjective) usually (adverb)