module10-planning and cabling networks
DESCRIPTION
OSI Network LayerTRANSCRIPT
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1Module 10
Planning and CablingNetworks
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2Objectives
LAN Marking the Physical Connection Device Interconnections Developing an Addressing Scheme Calculating the Subnets Device Interconnections
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3LAN Marking the Physical Connection
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Choosing Appropriate LAN Device
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Choosing Appropriate LAN Device
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6Device Selection FactorsFactors to Consider in Choosing a Device
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7Device Selection FactorsFactors Determining LAN Switch Selection
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8Device Selection FactorsFactors Determining LAN Switch Selection Port Speeds, Types and Expandability
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9Device Selection Factors
Cisco Routers
Each series of Cisco router providesexpandability, support for multiple media types,and various system features and services.
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Device Interconnections
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LAN and WAN Getting Connected
LAN Cabling Areas
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LAN and WAN Getting ConnectedType of Device Interconnection
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Marking LAN Connections
RJ45 T568A & T568B Connections
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Marking LAN ConnectionsStraight-Through Cable have the same
termination at each end T568A or T568B
Two types of UTP interfaces: MDI and MDIX.
The MDI (media-dependent interface): Uses the normal Ethernet pinout. Pins 1
and 2 are used for transmitting and pins 3 and 6 are used for receiving.
Devices such as computers, servers, or routers will have MDI connections.
The MDIX (media-dependent interface, crossover): The devices that provide LAN
connectivity usually hubs or switches Swap the transmit pairs internally. This
swapping allows the end devices to be connected to the hub or switch using a straightthrough cable.
Straight-Through Cable have the sametermination at each end T568A or T568B
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Marking LAN Connections
Crossover Cables have a T568A termination at one end and a T568B termination at the other end
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Marking LAN ConnectionsIdentify the correct UTP cable type and likely category toconnect different intermediate and end device in a LAN
Many devices allow the UTP Ethernet port to be set to MDI or MDIX. This can be done in one of three ways: Ports may have a
mechanism that electrically swaps the transmit and receive pairs
As part of the configuration
Many newer devices have an automatic crossover feature
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Marking WAN Connections
Type of WAN Connections
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Marking WAN Connections
Type of WAN Connections - Serial
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Marking WAN Connections
Type of WAN Connections - DSL
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Marking WAN Connections
Data Communications Equipment (DCE) - A device that supplies the clocking services to another device. Typically, this device is at the WAN access provider end of the link.
Data Circuit-Terminal Equipment (DTE) - A device that receives clocking services from another device and adjusts accordingly. Typically, this device is at the WAN customer or user end of the link.
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Marking WAN Connections
Serial WAN Connections in the Lab
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Developing an Addressing Scheme
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How Many Hosts in the Network ?
Determining the Number of Hosts in the NetworkInclude these devices in the count:
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Designing the Address Standard for our Internetwork
General users = .64 - .127Special users = .8 - .15 (Network Administrator)Network resources = .224 - .239Router LAN interfaces = .250 - .254Management access = .192 - .207 Router WAN links = .1 - .2
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Calculating the Subnets
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Introduction to Subnetting
Subnetting a network means to use the subnet mask to divide the network and break a large network up into smaller, more efficient and manageable segments, or subnets.
Subnet addresses include the network portion, plus a subnet field and a host field.
To create a subnet address, a network administrator borrows bits from the host field and designates them as the subnet field
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Classes of Network IP addresses
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Subdividing an /24 network address
Number of subnets = 2n = 23 =8 with n is number of bits that are borrowed.
Number of hosts per subnet = 2m 2 = 28-3 - 2 = 30 with m is number of remaining bits.
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Writing down the subnets
Determine the network address of subnets from 3 borrowed bits from the host portion (the last byte): 1st subnet: .00000000 192.168.10.0
2nd subnet: .00100000 192.168.10.32
3rd subnet: .01000000 192.168.10.64
4th subnet: .01100000 192.168.10.96
5th subnet: .10000000 192.168.10.128
6th subnet: .10100000 192.168.10.160
7th subnet: .11000000 192.168.10.192
8th subnet: .11100000 192.168.10.224
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Writing down the subnets
Determine the broadcast address of subnets: 1st subnet: .00011111 192.168.10.31 2nd subnet: .00111111 192.168.10.63 3rd subnet: .01011111 192.168.10.95 4th subnet: .01111111 192.168.10.127 5th subnet: .10011111 192.168.10.159 6th subnet: .10111111 192.168.10.191 7th subnet: .11011111 192.168.10.223 8th subnet: .11111111 192.168.10.255
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How Many Network ?
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Calculating Addresses
Network Topology
Given IP Address:172.16.0.0/21
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Calculating Addresses
Calculating Address Ranges for Subnets
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Good luck with this module!