mis info. system ppt

8/7/2019 MIS Info. System Ppt.

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MIS 715 Eaton Fall 2001 1

Information SystemsInformation Systems

Why Do People Need Information?

Individuals - Entertainment and enlightenment

Businesses - Decision making, problem solving and

control


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Data, Information,Data, Information,

and Systemsand SystemsData vs. Information

DataA given, or fact; a number, a statement, or a picture

Represents something in the real world

The raw materials in the production of information

Information

Data that have meaning within a context

Data in relationships

Data after manipulation


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and Systemsand SystemsData Manipulation

Example: customer survey

Reading through data collected from a customer survey with

questions in various categories would be time-consuming and

not very helpful.

When manipulated, the surveys may provide useful

information.


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and Systemsand Systems Generating Information

Computer-based ISs take data as raw material, process it, and

produce information as output.

Figure 1.1 Input-process-output


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MIS 715 Eaton Fall 2001 5Figure 1.2 Characteristics of useful information


and Systemsand Systems Information in Context


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and Systemsand Systems What Is a System?

System: A set of components that work together to achieve acommon goal

Subsystem: One part of a system where the products of morethan one system are combined to reach an ultimate goal

Closed system: Stand-alone system that has no contact with othersystems

Open system: System that interfaces with other systems


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and Systemsand Systems

Figure 1.3 Several subsystems make up this corporate accounting

system.


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Figure 1.5 Qualities of humans and computers that contribute to

synergy


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MIS 715 Eaton Fall 200110


and Systemsand SystemsThe Benefits of Human-Computer Synergy

Synergy

When combined resources produce output that exceeds the

sum of the outputs of the same resources employed separately

Allows human thought to be translated into efficient

processing of large amounts of data


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Figure 1.6 Components of an information system


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and Systemsand SystemsThe Four Stages of Data Processing

Input: Data is collected and entered into computer.

Data processing: Data is manipulated into information using

mathematical, statistical, and other tools.

Output: Information is displayed or presented.

Storage: Data and information are maintained for later use.


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Why Study IS?Why Study IS? Information Systems Careers

Systems analyst, specialist in enterprise resource planning (ERP),

database administrator, telecommunications specialist, consulting, etc.

Knowledge Workers Managers and non-managers

Employers seek computer-literate professionals who know how to use

information technology.

Computer Literacy Replacing Traditional Literacy

Key to full participation in western society


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Ethical and Societal IssuesEthical and Societal IssuesThe NotThe Not--SoSo--Bright SideBright Side

Consumer Privacy

Organizations collect (and sometimes sell) huge

amounts of data on individuals.

Employee Privacy

IT supports remote monitoring of employees, violating

privacy and creating stress.


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Ethical and Societal IssuesEthical and Societal Issues

The NotThe Not--SoSo--Bright SideBright Side

Freedom of Speech IT increases opportunities for pornography, hate speech, intellectual

property crime, an d other intrusions; prevention may abridge freespeech.

IT Professionalism No mandatory or enforced code of ethics for IT professionals--unlike

other professions.

Social Inequality Less than 20% of the worlds population have ever used a PC; less than

3% have Internet access.

mis info. system ppt

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