mineral exploration in germany - deutsche rohstoffagentur
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Thomas Seifert, Jens Gutzmer I Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology I www.hzdr.de/hif
Mineral Exploration in Germany –
Activities and Opportunities
PDAC 2012
Thomas Seifert (TU Bergakademie Freiberg)
Jens Gutzmer (Helmholtz Institute Freiberg)
Toronto, 07. March 2012
Member of Helmholtz Society Page 2 Thomas Seifert, Jens Gutzmer I Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology I www.hzdr.de/hif
Exploration Projects for Mineral Deposits in Germany
Mineralization type
1. Polymetallic sediment-
hosted massive sulfide-
type (Pb, Zn, Cu, Ag, Au?)
2. Kupferschiefer-type (Cu,
Ag, Pb, Zn, Au?)
3. Sn-W(-Mo-Li) greisen-,
vein-, & skarn-type
4. Ag-rich base metal vein-
type
5. Ag-rich Bi-Co-Ni-As vein-
type
6. Fluorite and barite vein-
type
Location
exploration target
1 (4, 6)
2
3-6
Member of Helmholtz Society Page 3 Thomas Seifert, Jens Gutzmer I Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology I www.hzdr.de/hif
Exploration Projects for Mineral Deposits in Germany
Mineralization type
1. Polymetallic sediment-
hosted massive sulfide-
type (Pb, Zn, Cu, Ag, Au?)
2. Kupferschiefer-type (Cu,
Ag, Pb, Zn, Au?)
3. Sn-W(-Mo-Li) greisen-,
vein-, and skarn-type
4. Ag-rich base metal vein-
type
5. Ag-rich Bi-Co-Ni-As vein-
type
6. Fluorite and barite vein-
type
Location
exploration target
1 (4, 6)
2
3-6
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SHMS Deposit Rammelsberg (eastern Goslar Basin):
The Harz License of Scandinavian Highlands1
1: The license of Scandinavian Highlands covers the historic Harz mining district Rammelsberg and historic Ag-
base metal ore fields
Source: www.scandinavian-highlands.com
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SHMS Deposit Rammelsberg: Ore Types & Production
1: cf. Large et al. (1999)
2: cf. Stedingk (2009)
Cumulative production2
27.5 Mt polymetallic sulfide ore: 2160 kt Zn, 4590 kt Pb, 540 kt Cu, 4050 t Ag
Ore Types1
Typical mottled Cu-rich ,Melierterz‘ (1) and Zn-Pb-Cu-rich ‚Banderz‘ (2-5),
Rammelsberg SHMS deposit
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The “Gosetal” Anomaly – Indication for a Rammelsberg Twin?
Gosetal Magnetic Anomaly
Source: www.scandinavian-highlands.com
Explanation
• 1-2 km west of Rammelsberg mine, situated within the „Wissenbacher
shales“, similar to the Rammelsberg deposit
• Strong conductor, unique in the surveyed area; shallow crustal level;
same depositional sub-basin as the Rammelsberg ore bodies!!
Model
Rammels- berg
„Gosetal“ Magnetic Anomaly
Member of Helmholtz Society Page 7 Thomas Seifert, Jens Gutzmer I Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology I www.hzdr.de/hif
Exploration Projects for Mineral Deposits in Germany
Mineralization Type
1. Polymetallic sediment-
hosted massive sulfide-
type (Pb, Zn, Cu, Ag, Au?)
2. Kupferschiefer-type (Cu,
Ag, Pb, Zn, Au?)
3. Sn-W(-Mo-Li) greisen-,
vein-, and skarn-type
4. Ag-rich base metal vein-
type
5. Ag-rich Bi-Co-Ni-As vein-
type
6. Fluorite and barite vein-
type
Location
exploration target
1 (4, 6)
2
3-6
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Distribution of Kupferschiefer ore deposits in Germany and
Poland
1: Kopp (2009) modified after Paul (2006) and Pöhlig (1986); Oszczepalski et al. (1999)
Exploration
1953-1980: Geophysical exploration and ca. 130 deep exploration drills
Position1
hanging
wall
footwall
Kupferschiefer Spremberg
Stratigraphic position of the Kupfer-
schiefer in the Permian of Central Europe
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Kupferschiefer Spremberg: Claim, Resources, Composition
of Ore Body
1: © KSL Kupferschiefer Lausitz GmbH
2: cf. Kopp et al. (2006); Hennig et al. (1974)
Resources and composition of ore body2
• Resources: 97.7 Mt polymetallic sulfide
ore: 1.5 Mt Cu; 2,680 t Ag;
161 kt Pb; 81.8 kt Zn
• Composition of ore body: hanging wall
22.9%, Kupferschiefer 45.7%, footwall
31.4%
Claim area and steps1
Exploration
seismics Drilling exploration
(and feasibility study)
• Average ore content: 1.5 wt.% Cu,
34 g/t Ag
• Thickness of ore body: 0.8-8.2 m,
ø 2.4 m
• Depth of ore body: 800-1500 m
Member of Helmholtz Society Page 10 Thomas Seifert, Jens Gutzmer I Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology I www.hzdr.de/hif
Exploration Projects for Mineral Deposits in Germany
Mineralization Type
1. Polymetallic sediment-
hosted massive sulfide-
type (Pb, Zn, Cu, Ag, Au?)
2. Kupferschiefer-type (Cu,
Ag, Pb, Zn, Au?)
3. Sn-W(-Mo-Li) greisen-,
vein-, and skarn-type
4. Ag-rich base metal vein-
type
5. Ag-rich Bi-Co-Ni-As vein-
type
6. Fluorite and barite vein-
type
Location
exploration target
1 (4, 6)
2
3-6
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Mineral Deposits / Occurrences of Erzgebirge-Vogtland Area
Source: modified after Lehmann / LfLUG Sachsen (2010)
Saxony Sachsen-
Anhalt
Thuringia
Czech
Republic
Poland
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Current Mineral Exploration Projects in Saxony
Source: Claim areas and companies after SOBA Freiberg, status: 02/2012
Claim Area (Erzgebirge-
Vogtland region)
Company Exploration Data from
1920-1990 Available
Main Commodity
Seiffen BEAK Consultants GmbH minor Sn, W, Cu, Ag
Gottesberg Deutsche Rohstoff AG abundant Sn, W, Mo, Cu
Delitzsch (NW Saxony) Deutsche Rohstoff AG abundant REE, Nb, W
Niederschlag Niederschlag EFS abundant fluorite, barite
Zschorlau, Wolkenstein,
Brand-Erbisdorf
Sachsenerz Bergwerks
GmbH
minor - abundant Ag, Au, Zn, W, Sn
Ehrenfriedersdorf/Geyer Sachsenzinn GmbH abundant Sn, W, Li, Zn, Ag
Eibenstock , Kottenheide Saxore Bergbau GmbH minor Sn, W, Li
Zinnwald Solar World Solic. GmbH abundant Li, Sn, W
Marienberg-Süd Umbono Minerals &
Mining LCC
minor - medium Sn, W, In, Ag, Zn,
fluorite
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Location of the Zinnwald Li-Sn-W Deposit
Source: modified after Seifert & Kempe (1994); Seifert (2008)
Metamorphic basement
Late-collisional granite
Post-collisional granite
Post-collisional high-
F rhyolite
Lamprophyre (dike,
stock, flow)
Sn, Sn-W-Mo-Li,
W deposit
ZINNWALD:
Sn-W(-Li) mining
since about 1378
until 1990 (→flat-
dipping veins)
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Li-Sn Greisen Ore Bodies Zinnwald
1: Seifert (1994)
Explanation
• Irregular lenses or zones, mostly flat dipping; thickness: up to 25 m
• Mineralization: quartz-topaz-Li-mica(zinnwaldite)-fluorite greisen
(+ cassiterite, wolframite, molybdenite)
Tiefer Bünau adit, Zinnwald1
Li-mica-rich greisen
@ 0.3 wt. % Li,
0.15 wt.% Sn
Li-Sn ore
Historical Li-mica mining around
1940
( greisen-type ores)
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Li-resources of Greisen Deposits in the Erzgebirge
1: Lächelt (1960) 4: Seifert (1983), Uhlig (1988)
2: Starý et al. (2009) 5: AIMR (2010); Manitoba Energy and Mines Economic Geology Report
3: GKZ (2008) ROHSA Study ER84-1, Kippenberger & Krauß (1988); cf. Seifert & Gutzmer (2010)
Greisen Deposit Li-content (wt%) Resources (kt Li)
Zinnwald + Cinovec 0.3 421+112.82
Altenberg 0.12 333
Schenkenshöhe 0.25 353
Ehrenfriedersdorf
(greisen)
0.1 to 0.44 unknown
Gottesberg unknown unknown
For comparison: International important Li-pegmatite deposits5
Greenbushes (AUS) 1.3 584
Tanco Mine (CA) 1.3 86
Bikita (ZIM) 1.4 51
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Source: modified after Besser & Kühne (1989)
Evaluation of Metal Contents & Mineralogy by new Drills (2012)
Exploration Drills from the 1950’s and 1980’s in the
Zinnwald Ore Field
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Encouraging Areas for Future Mineral Exploration Projects
in Germany (selection)
Areas • Lausitz massif (Ni-Cu-
PGE?)
• Thuringian Forest (fluorite,
barite, Au?, Ag?)
• Rheinisches
Schiefergebirge (SHMS,
Ag?, Au?)
• Black Forest (fluorite,
barite, Ag)
• Fichtelgebirge / Oberpfalz
(Sn, W, fluorite, Au?)
• Bavarian Forest
Location
current exploration projects
Erzgebirge
Spremberg Harz Mts.
Delitzsch