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Mid-term review ofMilk Value Chain ProjectVehari
Evaluation & Research ReportNRSP-MER/2011-I
National Rural Support ProgrammeIslamabad, Pakistan
We warmly thank NRSP’s – Plan Milk Value Chain Project team in district Vehari and Livestock section at NRSP head office who supported the MER team at NRSP head office during the survey and for the provision of all required information.
Evaluation & Research Report - MER/2011-IMid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
Prepared by: Sharafat Sherazi, Ghaffar Paras, Hamza HassanReviewed by: Rachel AbbeySupervised by: Muhammad Tahir Waqar (Programme Manager - MER)
Design & Layout: Mansoor Abid
All rights reserved, but development organisations which are working in the rural areas specially non-profit organisations working for capacity building can use this material for the benefit of poor rural communities. It is requested that please acknowledge the effort made by NRSP. No parts of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording for the commercial or profit making purpose or otherwise without the written permission of the National Rural Support Programme.
Copyright © National Rural Support Programme - March 2011
Table of Contents
Executive summary 1Background 2Introduction 3 Vehari Baseline findings/project rationale (Plan International and Intercooperation) 3 Project Objectives 5Impact Assessment: Objectives and methodology 7 Assessment Objectives 7 Methodology 7Findings and Analysis 8 Institutional assessment of FMCs 8 FMC Records 8 Institutional sustainability 8 Member participation 9 Milk collection (quantity) 9 Milk collection and storage (quality) 10 Amjad Majid: FMC Unit Manager 11 Sadia Ashraf: training on the milk value chain 12Assessment of services by NRSP 13 Training on Feed and Fodder Practices 13 Feed and fodder services 14 Vaccination and de-worming services 15 Impacts of the PMVCP on the quality and quantity of milk 16 Summary of PMVC Project Progress 17Case Studies 18 Sabir Maqbool: running of the feed mixer 18 Abdul Sattar: provision of fodder seeds 19 Farman Ali: improvement in milk quality and quantity 19Conclusion and Recommendations 21 SWOT Analysis 21 Participant feedback and recommendations 23
List of Annexures
Annex 1: List of selected villages for Survey 25Annex 2: List of individuals and answered questions of the survey 26Annex 3: FMC questionnaire 33
List of Tables
Table 1: Breakdown of MVCP components 5Table 2: Targets against achievements 17
List of Figures
Figure 1: % of members supplying milk to FMCs 9Figure 2: Milk collection by FMCs in litres 9Figure 3: FMC formation against performance 10Figure 4: Adoption of silage/ feed and fodder practices post-training 14Figure 5: Utilisation of the feed mixer 15Figure 6: Feedback on vaccination and de-worming services 16Figure 7: Improvements in milk collected (quality and quantity) 16Figure 8: Summary of participant feedback 23
Table of Conetnts
Acronyms
AIT Artificial Insemination Technician BZU Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityEB East BankFGD Focus group discussionFMC Farmer Milk CooperativeGDP Gross Development ProductHYV High Yield Variety HS Haemorrhagic SepticaemiaINGO International Non-Governmental OrganisationIC Inter CooperationLEAD Love Education and the Aspiration to change Destinies MER Monitoring Evaluation and Research MS MicrosoftNRSP National Rural Support ProgrammePMVCP Plan Milk Value Chain ProjectPI Plan InternationalPSC Poverty Score CardPRSP Punjab Rural Support ProgrammeSWAT Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats UC Union CouncilUMB Urea Molass Block VVW Village Veterinary WorkerWB West Bank
DefinitionsDhoodi – milk collection agentChiller – refridgerator unit for the storage of milk
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Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
Executive Summary
Agriculture is the largest sector in Pakistan contributing 21% to GDP and employing 45% of the national workforce.1 Pakistan is now the forth largest milk producing country in the world. The livestock industry constitutes 53% of all agricultural activities,2 within this sector, Punjab produces the largest share at around 60%. Milk processing and supply in Punjab is dominated by large companies from the private sector. These companies operate through collection centres or dhoodis (milkmen) which offer payment to farmers based on the quantity and quality of milk collected.3 Dhoodis also collect milk for household level distribution. This system means that the collection of milk is controlled by middlemen leaving farmers open to exploitation. District Vehari in Southern Punjab was selected to pilot the EU funded “Milk Value Chain Project (MVCP)” with activities commencing in May 2010. Plan International designed the MVCP with the objective of improving the system of milk production, collection and management among low income earning livestock farmers. The PMVCP entailed the setting up of 100 Farmer Milk Cooperatives (FMCs) to improve the system of milk management, the provision of training in feed, fodder, livestock care and livestock breeding services, vaccination for livestock, and the distribution of chiller units.
Conducted over May and June 2011, this study collected information through 15 focus group discussions (FGDs) with FMCs constituting 47% of the total cooperatives formed at this time, and a survey of 75 beneficiaries. FMC members stated there to have been a major improvement in both the quality and quantity of milk produced. 83% of FMC members noted an improvement by 0.5-1 litre of milk per shift being produced and 7% indicated an improvement of 2-2.5 litres. Members believe this to be the result of better feed, fodder and veterinary services. 99% of participants in the vaccination and de-worming programme are fully satisfied with the services evidenced in the reduced use of antibiotics for livestock.
The study indicates that overall, 50% of FMC members are selling milk to FMC Units and that 53% of FMCs are collecting more than 400 litres of milk on a daily basis. One of the central reasons for this was found to be low levels of mobilisation with this being separated from other project components. This strategy meant that staff did not form a close link with communities, normally built up through the mobilisation process. The use of multiple organisations in this case also meant that activities were not coordinated as a complete package but carried out separately with progress varying for different activities across different FMCs. The poor were also not focused upon for the provision of services. This can again be connected to poor levels of mobilisation during the project. This report concludes that if participant feedback is taken into account in future planning and implementation, that this is an excellent project with strong chances of being successfully replicated in other areas also.
1 Government of Pakistan, Pakistan Economic Survey, 2009-102 Ibid3 In some areas milk collection centres are also used but this was not found to be the case in the areas investigated in Southern Punjab
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Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
Background
Agriculture is the largest sector in Pakistan contributing 21% to GDP and employing 45% of the national workforce.4 The sector also indirectly contributes to the economy through forward and backward linkages in the form of raw materials, pesticides and machinery. Despite the fact that, due to a lack of investment, overall growth in the agricultural sector has been falling for the past three decades, the livestock industry continues to grow. As the single largest contributor to the agricultural sector, the livestock industry constitutes 53% of all agricultural activities and 11% to GDP.5 Now being the fourth largest milk producing country in the world, Pakistan produces 33 billion tons of milk annually.6 Within this sector, Punjab produces the largest share at around 60%. The Government of Pakistan aims for the livestock sector to improve food security, assist in poverty alleviation, and add to foreign exchange earnings. It plans to further develop the sector through improvements in service delivery to be driven by public-private partnerships.
Milk processing and supply in Punjab is dominated by large companies from the private sector such as Nestle, Milkpak, Olpers and Hala. These companies operate through dhoodis (milkmen) which offer payment to farmers based on the quantity and quality of milk collected.7 Quality indicators include fat content, purity, and bacteria. Dhoodis also collect milk for household level distribution. This system means that the collection of milk is controlled by middlemen (the dhoodis) leaving farmers open to exploitation and with little control over pricing. Situated within Southern Punjab and with a daily milk production of 2.18 million litres8 (comprising 73% buffalo milk and 26% cow milk), district Vehari was selected to pilot the “Milk Value Chain Project (MVCP)” with project activities commencing in May 2010.
4 Government of Pakistan, Pakistan Economic Survey, 2009-105 Ibid6 Pakistan Dairy Development Company, (2006), The White Revolution: Dhoodh Darya, white paper on Pakistan’s Dairy Sector, Lahore, Pakistan7 In some areas milk collection centres are also used but this was not found to be the case in the areas investigated in Southern Punjab8 Pakistan Economic Survey 2007-08
Overview of Milk Value Chain in Pakistan
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Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
Introduction
In early 2010, Plan International in coordination with Intercooperation, conducted a baseline survey and found that 88% of farms fell into the category of a small herd (1-4 animals), higher than in other parts of Punjab. The Plan team concluded that the lack of coordination between these small and scattered holders was making milk collection difficult to manage and expensive. The baseline also found that milk was largely being wasted due to poor marketing infrastructure and the use of dhoodis and contractors who do not have the appropriate facilities for milk handling. Further results from the baseline are detailed in the section on profiling.
The MVCP aims to increase income levels through improving the quality and quantity of milk produced by smallholder farmers and to raise levels of nutrition through increased milk consumption in the home. Plan International designed the MVCP with the objective of improving the system of milk production, collection and management among low income earning livestock farmers. The MVCP had six major components comprising: feed and fodder practices with nutritional deficiencies in livestock being a primary cause of low milk productivity, veterinary services with a large number of livestock in the area suffering from parasitic infections, family nutrition services, the milk management system and marketing, livestock breeding services and the distribution of goats to the destitute. All components are to be carried out through 100 FMCs formed in the district by Plan International.
This report was conducted through 15 FGDs carried out with FMCs in Vehari, alongside this a survey was carried out with 75 individual farmers to assess levels of participation and obtain more detailed feedback on each project component. The reporting period was from March to May 2010. The first section of this report begins with an institutional assessment of Farmer Milk Cooperatives (FMCs), sections two and three focus on two components of the project: the feed and fodder training and the provision of veterinary services. The report concludes with a summary of findings, participant feedback and recommendations.
Vehari Baseline findings/ project rationale (Plan International and Intercooperation)
Comprising three tehsils which include: Vehari, Burewala, Malsi and 89 Union Councils (UCs) district Vehari is situated within southern Punjab on the right bank of the River Sutluj. Its population of 2.15 million is primarily based in rural areas. The land area is 4,364 kms2 of which 90% is under cultivation.
Farm size and composition
The average farm size per household is 3.78 acres, almost all of which is cultivable. This is confirmed by the 2006 Pakistan Livestock Census that finds dairy farming in district Vehari to be dominated by smallholders. Livestock herds comprised mixed animals with each
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household holding an average of five animals. The price of animals is very high. Farmers grow fodder as well as grazing animals on field bunds/ road sides or canal banks. 94% of farms were owned by men and 6% by women.
Productivity
Productivity per animal was low, mainly due to poor livestock care, breeding and management practices. Seasonal fluctuations further compound the problem which is partly attributed to the scarcity of green fodder and partly to the predominance of buffalos in dairy production. The use of supplementary feeds is limited and the quality of feed is generally poor due to adulteration and high pricing. Livestock health services were poor. Animals are regularly vaccinated against hemorrhagic septicemia and foot and mouth disease although a large number of farmers remain with limited access to other vaccination programmes; mainly conducted by the public sector.
The marketing and sale of milk
Between 60% to 70% of milk produced is sold depending on location and access. The majority of the milk produced is consumed as raw milk or converted into ghee. Up to 70% of milk was marketed through dhoodis. The remaining 30% was collected by processing plants. The dhoodis are the main intermediaries linking milk farmers in rural areas with consumers in urban centres. Dhoodis handle milk in a crude way with a typical dhoodi owning a few metallic containers or plastic drums in which he transports milk to shopkeepers or khoya (condensed milk) makers. Farmers and consumers claim that dhoodis use improper measurements and adulteration in order to maximise profit margins. Milk companies have introduced a more organised system of milk collection providing chillers at the farm level and using refrigerated carriers. This has provided competition to dhoodis improving the prices farmers are able to obtain for milk. For this model to be cost effective, this is aimed at larger farms only. Farmers remained uncoordinated meaning that price negotiations took place between individuals rather than cooperatives which would have more bargaining power.
Market actors in the value chain and share of milk price
Introduction
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Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
Challenges
The central challenge faced by the dairy industry in district Vehari is the lack of coordination between the large number of small and scattered holders. This makes milk collection difficult and expensive. There is also a significant wastage of milk due to poor marketing infrastructure and the dominance of dhoodis who do not have appropriate facilities for milk handling and the prevalence, malpractices by marketing agents.
Project Objectives
The central objective of the project is to increase the incomes of small scale livestock farmers in Vehari. This will be achieved by coordinating farmers to sell milk in bulk to the market rather than as individuals to dhoodis increasing their bargaining power. The quality and quantity of milk produced will be improved through better feed and livestock care, storage facilities and equipment for testing milk quality will also be supplied.
Table 1: Breakdown of MVCP components
Component Organisation ActivityImprovement in Livestock Breeding
PRSPArtificial insemination of livestock for improved breedingAwareness raising sessions in all FMCs regarding best breeding practices.
Feed and Fodder Services
NRSP
3,000 FMC’s members are to be trained, by relevant experts, regarding fodder production, crop residue enrichment, supplementary feeding and water access. Water troughs and fodder mixers will be installed in each of the 100 selected FMCs. The project team will assist rural communities to establish demonstration plots (fodder plots) to introduce improved fodder varieties and modern cultivation practices.15 barns to be constructed inclusive of biogas plants.
Livestock Veterinary Services
NRSP
The project team will train 3,000 FMC members on curative and preventive measures through different veterinary services. All livestock are to be vaccinated Only members will receive the de-worming facility for their livestock. 200 FMC members will be trained on vaccination.
Milk Management System and Marketing
LEAD
100 FMCs in the selected project villages are provided cooling tanks which will help to maintain the quality of milk for which a better price from the retailers may be obtained. All stakeholders including FMC members and other suppliers (dhoodis) are provided trainings on cleanliness and best supply practices for milk management. Training to 400 female FMC members in value chain awareness is also included and 300 individuals will be provided trainings on the technical and financial management of milk produced.
Introduction
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Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
Component Organisation ActivityFamily Nutrition NRSP
An awareness campaign on “Milk as a Food Supplement” is included. 200 technicians trained on milk quality testing
Distribution of Goats Plan
2,000 beetal goats will be distributed to 400 beneficiaries identified as the poor and vulnerable (5 Goats to each beneficiary) including all women. All 400 beneficiaries will be provided training in value addition and best livestock management practices.
The duration of this project is 18 months. The overall financial layout of the project is 2.18 million euros.
Introduction
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Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
Impact Assessment: objectives and methodology
This study assesses the progress and impact for two of the three components of the MVCP that the NRSP is working on: feed and fodder and veterinary practices initiated in May 2010. Family nutrition services are not covered under this study being at the very initial stages only.
Assessment Objectives
The assessment has four central objectives: • To verify participation levels and obtain feedback on each of the project components. • To measure the impact of feed and fodder services on individuals/ FMC members. • To measure the impact of veterinary services on individuals/ FMC members. • To measure the institutional capacity of FMCs.
Methodology
The MVCP is a district level project; focusing on 100 villages across three tehsils in Vehari. Two questionnaires were developed for the survey, one for the assessment of individual FMC members and another for the institutional assessment of FMCs. The questionnaires were shared and finalised with the MVC Project team at the NRSP Head Office. Two survey teams were established consisting of staff from both NRSP Head Office and the project office in Vehari. The surveys were conducted from March 24, 2011 to March 30, 2011. Primary data was collected via FGDs. Random sampling was used with 15 villages selected or 15% of the total number of villages included in the project. These villages include 15 FMCs (list provided in Annex-1). 75 FMC members (5 from each FMC) were selected for individual interviews (listed in Annex-2).
It should be noted that this is a mid-term evaluation and that the MVC Project is still in progress. Many FMCs therefore require further capacity building. Some members interviewed also joined their FMCs late and had not yet participated in the project trainings; this should be taken into account when measuring project impact to date.
Focus group discussion with FMC, Vehari
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Findings and Analysis
Institutional assessment of FMCs
Plan International is carrying out the process of social mobilisation constituting the formation of FMCs in 100 project villages in Vehari. The average FMC size is 38 members with the largest comprising 60 and smallest 31. FMCs were found to be relatively inclusive with 59% men and 41% women. The institutional assessment of these has been broken down into FMCs capacity for record keeping, milk collection, institutional sustainability and maintenance.
FMC records
The MVCP is at the early stages of the project with activities still underway/ being initiated. A high number of meetings and good record keeping is therefore expected at this stage with mobilisation levels expected to be strong. According to FMC members, over 50% of FMCs are conducting meetings fortnightly; the main agenda of these meetings includes
discussions to increase membership, milk pricing, and feedback from members on services provided in the MVC Project. Problems were found in record keeping comprising the Milk Record Register, Resolution Register and receipts provided by the milk collecting company. 20% of FMCs were found to have no proper records available at the unit. Reasons behind this include lost records and the fact that Plan International is still in the process of issuing these. In some cases, FMCs are recording the collection of milk on rough pages with FMC resolutions constituting the only record of meetings. This needs to be looked into and addressed with appropriate registers, formats and training provided.
Institutional sustainability
The central objective of the project is to create sustainable cooperatives that FMC members and non-members can sell milk to as an alternative to the system of local dhoodis. This is to enable small livestock farmers to obtain a higher price per unit of milk. The running cost of each FMC Unit is approximately Rs. 24,000 per
Milk purchase register
FMC progress review meeting
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month which includes utility charges, and salaries. All charges are being paid by Plan International until project completion. In to be order sustainable, each FMC Unit needs to make a profit margin of Rs. 2 on each litre of milk it buys and must collect almost 400 litres of milk on a daily basis. Three indicators are explored in this section in relation to FMC sustainability. These are: member participation in terms of the percentage of members selling milk to the FMC, milk collection (the quantity of milk collected from FMC members) and milk quality looking into the quality of milk collected and the storage facilities for this, the numbers that have had milk rejected are also analysed.
Member participation
53% of FMCs were found to be sustainable collecting milk from 80% or more members on a regular basis. The remaining 47% of FMCs need to be looked into with only 50% of members in this regularly supplying / selling milk to FMC Units. The major reason for this, according to the FMC members, is the fluctuating usage of milk at household level. Some also stated that the chiller (used for the safe storage of milk) was situated too far from their houses increasing the risk of milk spoiling during transport.
All FMC Units surveyed are saving Rs. 2 on each litre of milk purchased. No relation was found between FMC size and performance in any of the indicators analysed (member participation, milk collection, savings, and quality).
Milk collection (quantity)
53% of FMCs are collecting a sustainable amount of milk on a daily basis e.g. 400 litres or more (shown in figure 2). From these, two FMCs are managing to collect up to 600 litres on daily basis and are requesting another chiller from Plan International. This is now under consideration. The reasons given for those not collecting a sustainable amount include a lack of motivation among members, the rejection of milk from milk collecting companies further lowering motivation levels (40% of FMCs have had milk rejected), and
Figure 1: % of members supplying milk to FMCs
Figure 2: Milk collection by FMCs in litres
Findings and Analysis
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villagers being in debt to dhoodis. This last aspect highlights the need to include dhoodis in this project in some areas rather than the focus on bypassing these altogether. The process of social mobilisation also needs to be looked into with levels of participation expected to be higher due to project activities being recently initiated/ still in process.
The two highest performing FMCs, Arian and Sardar were both formed in month one and three of the project. Both these FMCs are
collecting milk from 80% of their members, they have never had milk rejected by companies, they have a relatively high amount of savings at Rs. 50,000 and Rs. 90,000, and both are collecting more than 500-600 litres of milk on a daily basis.
However, these two high performing FMCs were found to be exceptions with no correlation found between FMC performance and the date of FMC formation/ maturity levels (see figure 3). The survey sample of 15 is not large enough to confirm this with total livestock numbers also not recorded. It is suggested that a later evaluation be also conducted to compare performance levels post-project completion.
Milk collection and storage (quality)
As part of the process of milk quality testing, milk collection companies check levels of fats and the temperature of milk before purchasing it or calculating price per litre. If the milk quality or temperature is not appropriate, it may be rejected. In these cases, FMCs have to absorb the loss. According to project staff, some FMCs are turning off the chiller units to reduce utility costs, this is leading to a higher number of rejections and larger losses. The survey indicated that milk from almost 40% of FMCs has been rejected once or twice by milk collection companies with temperature cited as the reason behind this. When milk is
Dhoodis transporting milk
Figure 3: FMC formation against performance
Chiller unit for milk storage
Findings and Analysis
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rejected, FMCs sell their milk to other milk processors/ companies in the area at a lower price. 40% of FMCs have developed linkages with milk processing companies other than the regular milk collection company. There was no connection found in the survey sample between FMCs that had milk rejected and the formation of linkages with alternative smaller milk companies and vice versa (often willing to buy lower quality milk for a lower price). Encouragingly, 2-3% of FMCs have also developed linkages with local dealers of fodder and fertilisers in order to purchase these in bulk.
Abdul Majid: FMC Unit Manager
Abdul Majid, is the president of FMC Sardar Milk Corporation in village 453-EB of tehsil Burewala. He lives in a modest three-room house with his wife and eight children. One of his daughters suffers from disability and he found it difficult to provide for the family and ensure that she received proper medical treatment. Prior to becoming the FMC president Majid was a farmer. His land consists of three and half acres on which he grows vegetables. His annual income was one lakh and he says that he and his family were living hand to mouth.
When the MVCP was initiated in his village the community members agreed on Majid as the president of the FMC. His position required him to keep track of all the members and ensure the proper collection of milk and maintenance. Although technical work wasn’t his expertise, with time his knowledge increased and the FMC members are happy with his performance. In the beginning, it was also difficult for him to give time to FMC activities but he later shared his farming activities with others in his family and managed it well. According to Majid, the amount of milk collected was very low at the initial stages of the FMC but as villagers learned about FMC activities, this amount rapidly increased. Majid states that initially there were a lot of trust issues amongst the communities towards the project but attitudes changed as the community saw the benefits of the project; “Now people feel the system is better, organised and efficient instead of having to deal with middlemen”.
Presently, the FMC has 30 members, 35% of which are women, with a number of non-members selling milk to FMC on daily basis also. Majid believes that, “The participation of women in the FMC is encouraging. The cooperative continuously works to increase membership in order to increase milk collection”. The total amount of milk collected on a daily basis from this FMC is around 550 litres. The FMC currently needs a second chiller for the storage of milk with the present capacity of the one provided by the MVCP being 500 litres. Majid states that the FMC overall
FMC Sardar - review meeting
Findings and Analysis
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has made gains of Rs. 50,000 per month. The FMC ensures that everyone saves Rs.2 from every litre of milk which contributes towards its savings. Majid himself owns livestock and has also received training in their feed and fodder under the project where he learnt methods of better fodder making etc. The project also provided vaccination for livestock and Majid states that this has significantly cut livestock diseases in the village. “This year only one animal caught a disease and that was because it was outside of the village premises and had not received the vaccination.”
Sadia Ashraf: training on the milk value chain
Sadia Ashraf is a member of FMC Arain Milk Corporation in village 573-EB of tehsil Vehari. Sadia participated in the training on the milk Value Chain under the PMVC Project. This
training was designed to improve her skills and now she is able to make better quality sweets, cheese, butter and other milk-based products to sell.
Sadia says, “before I took the training, I used to throw away the spoilt milk now I use this. My family were very surprised the first time I managed to make cheese from spoilt milk”. Sadia plans to start business selling milk-based products which she believes will significantly increase her income. She is now sharing her skills with other women and girls in the area.
FMC Arain Milk Corporation
Findings and Analysis
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Assessment of services by NRSP: feed and fodder and veterinary services
NRSP is implementing three components of the MVCP: feed and fodder trainings/ inputs, veterinary services and family nutrition. Due to the later initiation of activities to enhance family nutrition, the first two components relating to feed and fodder and veterinary services are analysed in this section only. This section also includes a summary of progress on these.
Training on Feed and Fodder Practices
NRSP is training 3,000 FMC members, 30 from each FMC in: • the introduction, importance and preparation of balanced rations • the use of agricultural by-products in animal feed • hay and silage making • range management for improving forage for animals • the introduction of fodder trees • the introduction of high yielding varieties (HYV) of fodders • the importance of flush rations in sheep/goat production • the use of urea in animal feeding-precautions and control • the use of urea-molasses blocks • the use of concentrates/supplements in animal feed • the feeding of livestock when fodder is scarce
Trainings have been initiated in 76% of FMCs with 45% (2,683) of members so far trained. From those trained, 100% of participants state that their skills have improved as a result of the trainings. Members report that they are now also sharing the information gained during the trainings with the other villagers in the area (74% of those trained reporting doing this). Trainings on silage making were felt to be particularly important given the frequent shortage of fodder in the area affecting the production of milk. It is important to note that at the time of this report trainings were ongoing in many areas and had only recently been completed in others meanings that many FMC members had not yet had time to implement the practices learned during these activities.
Survey results showed that 12% of FMC members have so far adopted or experimented with methodologies and techniques covered under the trainings. This has helped to improve both the quality and quantity of milk produced from livestock for these. Another 18% state that this is not needed as they have adequate financial resources for this. However, 68% have not
Feed and fodder training
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Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
yet experimented with any techniques learnt from the trainings stating that fodder shortages tend to occur in the next season. 3% state that further guidance/ trainings are still needed on this. Refresher courses and information brochures for those already trained may also be an option for filling knowledge gaps. Women farmers in particular spoke openly about the need for more sessions to be provided demonstrating the practical application of feed and fodder practices. Those that have not received the trainings to date, state that this
is primarily because trainings have not yet been initiated in their FMCs or that they joined after the start of the training cycle.
Feed and fodder services
The feed and fodder component includes the distribution of fodder seeds to 200 FMC members, the distribution of 2,900 urea molasses blocks (a high protein concentrated feed), the construction of 100 water troughs and the provision of 100 feed mixers. Two members from each FMC are being provided with fodder seeds and to date seeds have been provided for 95 demonstration plots.
100% of those surveyed are fully satisfied with the quality of these seeds and many have already used them. However, 47% of beneficiaries indicated that the seeds were not provided according to the appropriate season. The target for the distribution of molasses blocks has been surpassed with 3,430 provided. Progress on the construction of water troughs has been relatively slow with 28 constructed to date. This area needs to be looked into against the set project timelines and barriers to progress identified and addressed.
80 feed mixers have to date been provided with the target of one mixer being provided to each FMC to facilitate the provision of quality fodder for farmers at village level. On average, 64% of members in each FMC are using this service. 92% of those reporting major increases in the quantity of milk produced were also found to be using the feed mixer provided under the MVCP. Reasons behind non-usage are that in some FMCs the mixer had not yet been installed, others were not satisfied with the quality of fodder being produced, it is also time consuming for livestock to adapt to a new variety of fodder and 1% of members
Figure 4: Adoption of silage/feed and fodder practices post-training
Water trough provided under the PMVCP
Assessment of services by NRSP: feed and fodder and veterinary services
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Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
indicated that they are not utilising the feed mixer due to the cost of this fodder type. There was no relation found between those that had undertaken training on feed and fodder and utilisation of the feed mixer. Figure 5 shows details of usage.
Vaccination and de-worming services
Plan International’s baseline survey revealed that poor health conditions of livestock are a major cause of low productivity levels for livestock in district Vehari. Frequent diseases/ conditions affecting livestock include: foot and mouth disease, haemorrhagic septicaemia – HS (a bacterial disease), and livestock worms. The veterinary component includes vaccination, de-worming, the training of Village Veterinary Workers (VVWs) and the construction of model barns (shelters for livestock) and biogas plants in all project villages. Vaccination campaigns are being initiated in all 100 villages of the MVC Project. Due to budgetary constraints, only FMC members are receiving the de-worming services.
Currently the second round of vaccinations and de-worming is taking place with a third round to follow this. As of March, 2011, 25,538 (1,277 beneficiary HHs) livestock have been vaccinated and 6,743 de-wormed with 90 drenching guns distributed. The construction of the 15 model barns (inclusive of biogas plants) is yet to start although seven resolutions have been passed to build these. 200 VVWs have been trained, two from each project village meaning that the project target for this has been met. Although most VVWs have received tool kits, there were a small number of cases where these had not been received after the trainings were completed.
According to the survey results, 99% of beneficiaries are fully satisfied with the vaccination and de-worming services carried out by NRSP. This is reported by FMC members to have resulted in a major reduction of livestock diseases, improvements in milk productivity, the quality of this and reduced the rate of mortality among livestock. Only one FMC member indicated that she didn’t need/ want her livestock to be vaccinated or de-wormed. The main reasons for this were recent mortalities of livestock in some villages which she believed to have been caused by the vaccinations. It is difficult to judge the reasons for these cases which were fortunately small
Figure 5: Utilisation of the feed mixer
VVW showing drenching gun for de-worming
Assessment of services by NRSP: feed and fodder and veterinary services
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Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
in number. This member was also noted not to have particpated in trainings or to be using the feed mixer service, it is advised to ensure that full information on the benefits of these components reaches all FMC members.
The baseline revealed that farmers were using antibiotics for their livestock which research shows as being dangerous for the health of livestock and as having negative impacts on productivity. 40% of FMCs indicated, during the FGDs, that villagers are still utilising
antibiotics to treat their livestock. The main reasons for this are the lack of awareness of some farmers, and the usage of antibiotics by some livestock doctors to treat diseases.
Impacts of the MVCP on the quality and quantity of milk
The purpose of the veterinary and feed and fodder components, was to improve the quality and quantity of milk being produced from livestock. 14 people surveyed have not utilised the training and fodder services due to these not yet being initiated in their FMC, lack of interest or perceived cost and are not included in the analysis. One person was found not to have participated in any service; this person has therefore been excluded from the survey findings relating to impact. Survey results revealed that according to 52% of FMC members there has been a major improvement in the quality of milk produced, 39% reported a medium improvement and 7% claimed to have experienced minor improvements. However, it should be noted that no specific form of measurement was provided on how to measure improvements in milk quality so this aspect is determined by farmers’ own perceptions only. However, the general finding that milk quality had significantly improved was confirmed by technicians working at FMC Units that observed an increase in milk fats. It is suggested in future surveys that this is evaluated according to the
Figure 6: Feedback on vaccination and de-worming services
Figure 7: Improvements in milk collected (quality and quantity)
MVC participant using best practices from feed and feeder training
Assessment of services by NRSP: feed and fodder and veterinary services
17
Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
payment received per litre of milk as the most reliable determinant of this. 16% of FMC members reported a major increase in milk production (increase by 1.5-2 litres) per shift – evening or morning. 41% also indicated a medium level of change amounting to an increase of 1 litre, and 42% of farmers reported an increase of 0.5 litres per shift. No FMC member reported not to have experienced an increase in milk production. All information analysed was cross-checked from FMC Unit managers (technicians and milk collectors). Milk collectors at FMC Units also reported farmers taking an increased quantity of milk to FMC Units despite having the same number of livestock. This evidence indicates that veterinary and feed and fodder services had a positive impact both on milk productivity and quality signalling the achievement of a major objective of the MVCP.
Summary of PMVC Project Progress
A summary of targets against achievements for all NRSP components is provided in table two.
Table 2: Targets against achievements
Sr ActivityOverall project targets
Targets as of Mar,
2011
Achievements as of Mar,
2011
% Achievements
As of Mar, 2011
Overall project achieve-ments
Remarks
Veterinary Services1 1st and 2nd round of
Vaccination in selected Villages
300 125 122 98% 41%
1st and 2nd round of de-worming in selected Villages
300 125 72 58% 24%
2 Training of VVWs 200 200 200 100% 100%3 Construction of Model
Barns/Biogas plants15 15 0% 0%
Feed and Fodder Services1 Training of FMC
members in improved feed & fodder practices, silage making
3,000 2,400 2,683 112% 89% Male = 1,937 Female = 746
2 Farm Inputsi) Distribution of fodder seeds for demonstration plots
100 100 95 95% 95%
ii) Distribution of UMBs 2,900 2,900 3,430 118% 118%3 Installation of Feed
Grinder/Mixers (Mini Feed Mill)
100 90 80 89% 80%
4 Construction of Water Troughs
100 100 28 28% 28%
5 Distribution of Farm Instruments (Drenching Guns)
100 100 90 90% 90%
Assessment of services by NRSP: feed and fodder and veterinary services
18
Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
Case Studies
Sabir Maqbool: running of the feed mixer
Sabir Maqbool, a 35 year old father of three, resides in village 573-EB of tehsil Vehari. Sabir lives in a joint family system where he is the main bread earner. Prior to his work on the project, he earned his income running a small poultry farm. He also owned livestock supplementing his income through the sale of milk. Sabir wanted to find a way to raise his income without compromising the time he spends on livestock rearing.
When he was informed by the NRSP social organisers about the Plan International project he regarded it as an opportunity to improve his financial situation and improve his technical knowledge of livestock nurturing. He quickly became a member of the FMC Arian Milk Cooperative. The FMC recommended him for the job of Feed Mixer Manager. Sabir provided the land whilst all other costs including the construction, and the provision of the mixer machine were paid by Plan International. The organisation also provided him with training
to efficiently run the machine. Alongside this, Sabir received training in livestock feeding where he learnt how to increase the quantity of milk produced from his livestock through improvements in their feed. Prior to this training, his livestock produced 15 litres of milk per day; this has since increased to between 20 and 25 litres. Previously he was making Rs.25,000 from the sale of milk from his livestock, now he is making Rs.35,000.
For the past 5 months Sabir has been running the feed mixer in his area which is being utilised by 30 to 35 people, including 22 FMC members. He himself is also actively involved in mobilising people in his area to utilize the feed mixer in order to receive quality fodder for their livestock. He charges a reasonable amount for the usage of the feed mixer and has been able to introduce new types of fodder (e.g for poultry etc). “Originally villagers had to travel 7 to 8km outside the village to be able to receive the service of a feed mixer, having this facility here is extremely convenient, it saves people both time and money”. Sabir earns an average of Rs.6,000 to Rs.7,000 from the feed mixer every month. Alongside the increased income he is making from the sale of milk, Sabir and his family have seen a substantial increase in their income since the start of the project. “I am prioritising my children’s education from the extra profit I am making; I want to ensure that my children receive the best education and I have also encouraged my younger brother who had left his studies to help earn income for the family to now re pursue his education”.
Sabir Maqbool using the MVC feed mixer
19
Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
Abdul Sattar: provision of fodder seeds
Abdul Sattar is a 35 year old father of four. He lives in tehsil Burewala where he works as a farmer. Abdul works very hard to ensure that he provides for his children. He used to travel 250kms from his village to purchase seeds for his land from Faisalabad.
At the start of the MVCP, Abdul was forwarded by other FMC members to receive 4kgs of fodder seeds (barseen) under the project. Through this input he was able to save the cost and time spent on both travel and the cost of the seeds. He first tested the seed to observe the resulting crop. Abdul is happy with the seeds and says they are better than the ones he was formally using. He believes that these improved fodder seeds will also have a positive impact on his livestock and the quality of milk produced. Abdul also participated in the feed and fodder training. He plans to preserve the seeds from the recent sowings for the next harvest. “This time I sowed the seeds on an area of four-kanal but next time I will sow more to further increase my income and savings”.
He receives Rs.46 on each litre of milk he provides to the FMC from which Rs. 2 on every litre is kept for saving for the running costs of the FMC. “Our community should trust NRSP as it is our qaumi idara and they have been very helpful for our livelihood”. The income he earns from the FMC and the good quality fodder seeds have enabled him to generate a reasonable income for himself and his family. Abdul has now enrolled his daughter into elementary school. He has suggested that the NRSP also provide a grant for a paneer (cheese) machine for the FMC which will be of great benefit to its members.
Farman Ali: improvement in milk quality and quantity
Farman Ali is a young farmer living in tehsil Burewala. He is unmarried but provides for his household of five people. His two brothers are in the civil service and support the family financially. Farman takes care of the family farm and livestock.
Farman became an active member of the FMC World Mission and participated in the feed and fodder training under the project. Farman believes that the training he received
Abdul Sattar working in his fodder field
Farman Ali demonstrating techniques for milk testing
Case Studies
20
Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
was very helpful. Since he completed this five months ago, Farman has altered the way he feeds his livestock including a fodder supplement also. Since implementing these practices, Farman notes that the family livestock have started producing an extra litre of milk per day per animal. “I was really surprised by the difference in productivity that changing feeding practices can make. I am very satisfied with the project and I am now helping other villagers access this facility also”. The new feeding practices are also more cost effective enabling the family to make savings.
Farman participated in a second training on silage making, or urea molasses blocks (UMBs), provided under the MVCP. He is now producing silage at home with his neighbors. He also makes use of the water trough installed in the village for livestock through the project. “At first I was not motivated to do more things by myself, I was content with the fact that my brothers were earning for us, now I am an active member of the FMC and use my spare time to mobilise the local community”. Farman now wants to pursue higher education and he is currently preparing for his matriculation exam.
Case Studies
21
Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
Conclusion and Recommendations
SWOT Analysis
A SWOT analysis has been completed indicating the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats on this project.
Project strengths: • The well organised milk collection system, in the form of FMC Units, is one of the strongest areas of the MVC Project. Participants are using many of the services made available under the project with a noticeable improvement in livestock management practices. 97% of farmers reported an increase both the quality and quantity of milk being produced noticeably increasing income levels. • As of March, 2011 three bid sessions have taken place between FMCs and milk processing companies. During these sessions the average price received increased from Rs. 25 to Rs. 46 per litre. • Farmers, villagers and FMC members are expressing a lot of interest in taking part and managing FMC activities. Their skills and capacities have been greatly improved as a result of the MVCP.
Project Weaknesses: • It has been identified that no training manual was distributed to trainers on the topic of ‘Feed and Fodder Practices’. NRSP trainers provided the sessions according to their own experiences. This may be the reason why only 5% of members trained in silage making experimented with this. 12% of the trainees complained about the training being very short with few practical activities and some have requested further trainings. It would be useful to develop a set contents for this. • Another concern is the capacity of the chillers provided by Plan International to FMCs. Up to 500 litres of milk can be stored in these chillers but almost 14% of FMCs are collecting more than this and storing the extra milk in cans or large milk pots; which is affecting the quality of milk. Larger chillers cannot be provided due to these needing a three phase electricity connection rather than the single one needed at present. Many FMCs have therefore requested a second chiller, the number of those requesting this is likely to rise as the project progresses. • FMCs complained that teams from Plan International arrive late for community or FMC meetings. Communities, villagers and FMC members argued that it is very difficult for them to arrange meeting times taking time out from farming activities, lateness further extends the time needed for these meetings. • Dhoodis have been neglected in this project, awareness raising sessions to sensitise them that the delivery of quality milk to the communities is their social responsibility is not enough. There have been cases where dhoodis have sold spoilt milk to FMCs who experienced losses as a result of this. We understand that there is also a
Conclusion and Recommendations
22
Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
provision to train 200 dhoodis in hygienic milk handling but further work may need to be completed on this. Presently the role of dhoodis in this project is that of a divider but they need to be utilised as a means of connecting people in the value chain. • In some cases the poor have been neglected in this project. Due to the initiation of this project, the price of milk has risen from Rs. 25 to Rs. 46 in a number of project villages which has greatly affected the destitute. It is understood that Plan International intends to counter this through the provision of 2,000 goats to the poorest, particularly women. • It has been observed during the survey that in most FMCs only prominent, rich or large farmers are managing the FMC Unit and other activities with these established on the land of wealthier farmers and these therefore in receipt of the monthly rent paid by Plan International. This is diluting the original focus of this project on poor farmers. Greater efforts should have been made to ensure that poorer farmers were placed in key positions on FMC Units and that their land was used for these. • There are issues regarding the selection of beneficiaries that receive seeds. In some cases, farmers with 8-10 livestock and substantial land under cultivation have received 3-4kgs of barseen seeds provided for the demonstration plots. The poorest are again being neglected in this.
Opportunities: • The major areas that the MVC Project has helped to overcome are the: improper methods of milk collection, wastage of milk, and the dominant role of doodhis in the villages. Farmers are clearly obtaining real benefits from this project which is potentially very sustainable. If implemented correctly there are strong chances that this could be replicated in other parts of Punjab. • The MVC Project has the potential to attract other donors including the Government of Pakistan, ASF and PPAF. • If implemented on a long term basis, this project can greatly help in decreasing levels of poverty within project villages.
Threats: • The MVC Project is causing a continuous rise in the price of milk in the project villages. This can potentially have a significantly negative impact upon the destitute. • The increase in the price of milk is directly proportional to the increase in milk being sold by farmers to FMCs. This practice is causing farm households to consume less milk at home which may have a negative impact on levels of child nutrition within these households. • The FMC Units can only continue working if they collect 400 litres or more of milk yet almost 47% of FMCs are not collecting this amount. These FMCs
Conclusion and Recommendations
23
Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
need to increase their collection of milk if they are to be sustainable in the long term • Dhoodis are still a threat to the implementation of project activities. It was identified in some villages that dhoodis have started offering the same price of milk as that paid to FMC Units by the milk processing companies. Dhoodis also have the advantage that they collect the milk directly from peoples’ homes.
Participant feedback and recommendations
In the main, FMC members were happy with the MVCP. 45% of members stated they were fully satisfied with all project activities and a further 29% stated they had no suggestions for improvements. The remaining 26% of members made the following suggestions (as summarised in figure 8): • A notable number of FMC members surveyed expressed a desire to take low interest microcredit for agriculture/ livestock purposes. • Project staff and one FMC member reported that due to load-shedding and other costs, chillers are turned off for a significant amount of time affecting the quality of milk. One member has requested a geyser to be provided with this to increase the quality/ price of milk. • A small number of members complained that the staff carrying out the vaccination of livestock should provide more support and information on the care of livestock following this activity. • FMC members provided trainings on feed and fodder practices have concerns over the allowed timeframe (1-1.5 hours) and quality of these. Many stated that the training was too short and no practical sessions were carried out for silage making. This is currently being reviewed by the NRSP project team for further action with discussions on the development/ distribution of a training manual to make these trainings more extensive. • De-worming activities were made available for the livestock of FMC members only, other non-members would also like to avail this service. It is understood that this has so far being restricted due to funding constraints so may be an option for future initiatives in this area.
If feedback and recommendations are implemented this promises to be a highly successful project with strong chances of replication. It is understood that the NRSP is now in discussions with PPAF to extend the MVC project in other districts of Southern Punjab.
Figure 8: Summary of participant feedback
Conclusion and Recommendations
25
Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
Annex 1: List of Selected Villages for Survey
District Teshil UC Clusters Village No# HHVehari Vehari 10 KARWAN 573 EB 293Vehari Vehari 19 CHANAN 83 WB 633Vehari Vehari 17 SANJHI 40 WB 980Vehari Burewala 74 CHANAN 303 EB 417Vehari Burewala 65 KARWAN 116 E.B 330Vehari Burewala 68 KARWAN 453 EB 600Vehari Vehari 26 SUTLUJ 62 K.B 467Vehari Burewala 88 KARWAN 427 E.B 493Vehari Vehari 26 SUTLUJ Tibbi 160Vehari Burewala 86 CHANAN 112 E.B 400Vehari Mailsi 51 SANJHI 145 W.B 683Vehari Vehari 14 SUTLUJ 77 W.B 267Vehari Vehari 21 SUTLUJ MozaMohal 200Vehari Vehari 22 CHANAN Dad Kamera 633Vehari Burewala 84 CHANAN 373 E.B 600
Annexes
26
Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
Ann
ex 2
: Lis
t of i
ndiv
idua
ls a
nd a
nsw
ered
que
stio
ns o
f the
sur
vey
(Indi
vidu
al L
evel
)
Que
s.
IDD
ate
Dis
tric
tTe
hsil
UC
Vill
age
Ben
. Nam
eG
ende
rIn
terv
iew
er
Q. 8 Are you provided Training on Feed & Fodder practices
Q. 1 Adoption of Silage/feed/fodder Practices
Q. 2 Skills Improved
Q. 3 Training Experience shared
Q. 4 Feed mixer Utilized
Q. 5 Satisfaction for Vacc/ D.worm
Q. 6 Milk Quality Improvement
Q. 7 Milk Productivity Improvement
Q 7.1 Ave.Inc. in Milk prod.
IAQ
-13/
25/2
011
Veha
riVe
hari
1477
-WB
Naz
ir A
hmed
MSh
araf
atTr
aine
dN
ot N
eede
dSk
ills
Impr
oved
Not
Sha
red
Not
U
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
tM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
0.5
Litre
IAQ
-23/
25/2
011
Veha
riVe
hari
1477
-WB
Kha
dim
Hus
sain
MH
amza
Trai
ned
Not
E
xper
imen
ted
Skill
s Im
prov
edSh
ared
Not
U
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
1 Li
tre
IAQ
-33/
25/2
011
Veha
riVe
hari
1477
-WB
Abd
ul M
ajee
dM
Ham
zaN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
1 Li
tre
IAQ
-43/
25/2
011
Veha
riVe
hari
1477
-WB
Nisa
r Ahm
edM
Ham
zaN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t0.
5 Li
tre
IAQ
-53/
25/2
011
Veha
riVe
hari
1477
-WB
Muh
amm
ad S
abir
MH
amza
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Not
U
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t0.
5 Li
tre
IAQ
-63/
25/2
011
Veha
riVe
hari
1057
3-E
BSa
adia
Ash
raf
FSh
araf
atN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
tM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
0.5
Litre
IAQ
-73/
25/2
011
Veha
riVe
hari
1057
3-E
BA
nwar
Ali
MSh
araf
atTr
aine
dN
ot N
eede
dSk
ills
Impr
oved
Shar
edU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Min
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t1
Litre
IAQ
-83/
25/2
011
Veha
riVe
hari
1057
3-E
BM
uham
mad
H
ussa
inM
Ham
zaTr
aine
dN
ot
Exp
erim
ente
dSk
ills
Impr
oved
Shar
edU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t1
Litre
IAQ
-93/
25/2
011
Veha
riVe
hari
1057
3-E
BM
uham
mad
Sab
ir M
aqbo
olM
Ham
zaN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t0.
5 Li
tre
IAQ
-10
3/25
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri10
573-
EB
Mus
htaq
Ahm
edM
Gha
ffar
Trai
ned
Not
E
xper
imen
ted
Skill
s Im
prov
edSh
ared
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
tM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
t2
Litre
s
IAQ
-11
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Mai
lsi51
145-
WB
Muk
htia
r Bib
iF
Ham
zaTr
aine
dE
xper
imen
ted
Skill
s Im
prov
edSh
ared
Not
U
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t0.
5 Li
tre
IAQ
-12
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Mai
lsi51
145-
WB
Sabi
r Ali
MH
amza
Trai
ned
Exp
erim
ente
dSk
ills
Impr
oved
Shar
edN
ot
Satis
fied
Satis
fied
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t0.
5 Li
tre
IAQ
-13
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Mai
lsi51
145-
WB
Shah
naz
Bibi
FG
haff
arN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edC
ostly
Not
N
eede
dN
ot U
tliliz
ed
Serv
ices
Not
Utli
lized
Se
rvic
esSe
rvic
esno
t ut
ilise
d
IAQ
-14
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Mai
lsi51
145-
WB
Ghu
llam
Yasin
MG
haff
arN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t0.
5 Li
tre
IAQ
-15
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Mai
lsi51
145-
WB
Abd
ul G
haff
arM
Gha
ffar
Trai
ned
Not
E
xper
imen
ted
Skill
s Im
prov
edSh
ared
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t1
Litre
IAQ
-16
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri19
83-W
BM
uham
mad
Afz
alM
Gha
ffar
Trai
ned
Not
E
xper
imen
ted
Skill
s Im
prov
edSh
ared
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t1.
5 Li
tres
27
Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
Que
s.
IDD
ate
Dis
tric
tTe
hsil
UC
Vill
age
Ben
. Nam
eG
ende
rIn
terv
iew
er
Q. 8 Are you provided Training on Feed & Fodder practices
Q. 1 Adoption of Silage/feed/fodder Practices
Q. 2 Skills Improved
Q. 3 Training Experience shared
Q. 4 Feed mixer Utilized
Q. 5 Satisfaction for Vacc/ D.worm
Q. 6 Milk Quality Improvement
Q. 7 Milk Productivity Improvement
Q 7.1 Ave.Inc. in Milk prod.
IAQ
-17
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri19
83-W
BA
bdul
Hak
eem
MG
haff
arTr
aine
dN
ot
Exp
erim
ente
dSk
ills
Impr
oved
Shar
edN
ot
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
tM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
1 Li
tre
IAQ
-18
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri19
83-W
BM
uham
mad
Jam
ilM
Gha
ffar
Trai
ned
Not
E
xper
imen
ted
Skill
s Im
prov
edSh
ared
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t0.
5 Li
tre
IAQ
-19
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri19
83-W
BA
llah
Ditt
aM
Ham
zaTr
aine
dN
ot
Exp
erim
ente
dSk
ills
Impr
oved
Shar
edN
ot
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
tM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
t1
Litre
IAQ
-20
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri19
83-W
BM
uham
mad
Lia
qat
MH
amza
Trai
ned
Not
E
xper
imen
ted
Skill
s Im
prov
edSh
ared
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
tM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
t1
Litre
IAQ
-21
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri14
40 W
BPa
rvee
nF
Gha
ffar
Trai
ned
Exp
erim
ente
dSk
ills
Impr
oved
Shar
edU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
1 Li
tre
IAQ
-22
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri14
40 W
BSa
diqu
e A
liM
Gha
ffar
Trai
ned
Not
E
xper
imen
ted
Skill
s Im
prov
edSh
ared
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
tM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
t1.
5 Li
tres
IAQ
-23
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri14
40 W
BM
uham
mad
Hay
atM
Gha
ffar
Trai
ned
Not
E
xper
imen
ted
Skill
s Im
prov
edSh
ared
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
tM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
t2.
5 Li
tres
IAQ
-24
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri14
40 W
BA
bdul
Jabb
arM
Gha
ffar
Trai
ned
Not
E
xper
imen
ted
Skill
s Im
prov
edSh
ared
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
tM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
t2
Litre
s
IAQ
-25
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri14
40 W
BM
uham
mad
Iqba
lM
Gha
ffar
Trai
ned
Not
E
xper
imen
ted
Skill
s Im
prov
edSh
ared
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
tM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
t1.
5 Li
tres
IAQ
-26
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri22
Daa
d K
amee
raFa
khar
Zam
anM
Ham
zaTr
aine
dN
ot
Exp
erim
ente
dSk
ills
Impr
oved
Shar
edN
ot
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
tM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
t1.
5 Li
tres
IAQ
-27
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri22
Daa
d K
amee
raM
uham
mad
Yar
MSh
araf
atTr
aine
dN
ot N
eede
dSk
ills
Impr
oved
Shar
edN
ot
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
tM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
1 Li
tre
IAQ
-28
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri22
Daa
d K
amee
raM
azha
r Ahm
edM
Shar
afat
Trai
ned
Not
E
xper
imen
ted
Skill
s Im
prov
edSh
ared
Not
U
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t1
Litre
IAQ
-29
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri22
Daa
d K
amee
raM
uham
mad
Asif
MH
amza
Trai
ned
Not
E
xper
imen
ted
Skill
s Im
prov
edN
ot S
hare
dN
ot
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
inor
Im
prov
emen
tM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
0.5
Litre
IAQ
-30
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri22
Daa
d K
amee
raM
uham
mad
N
adee
mM
Ham
zaTr
aine
dN
ot
Exp
erim
ente
dSk
ills
Impr
oved
Not
Sha
red
Not
U
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
1 Li
tre
IAQ
-31
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri26
Tibb
iM
uham
mad
Han
ifM
Shar
afat
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Not
U
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
tM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
0.5
Litre
IAQ
-32
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri26
Tibb
iM
umta
z K
han
MSh
araf
atN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t0.
5 Li
tre
IAQ
-33
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri26
Tibb
iG
hulla
mRa
sool
MH
amza
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
inor
Im
prov
emen
tM
inor
Im
prov
emen
t0.
5 Li
tre
28
Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
Que
s.
IDD
ate
Dis
tric
tTe
hsil
UC
Vill
age
Ben
. Nam
eG
ende
rIn
terv
iew
er
Q. 8 Are you provided Training on Feed & Fodder practices
Q. 1 Adoption of Silage/feed/fodder Practices
Q. 2 Skills Improved
Q. 3 Training Experience shared
Q. 4 Feed mixer Utilized
Q. 5 Satisfaction for Vacc/ D.worm
Q. 6 Milk Quality Improvement
Q. 7 Milk Productivity Improvement
Q 7.1 Ave.Inc. in Milk prod.
IAQ
-34
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri26
Tibb
iZ
ulfiq
arM
Ham
zaN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dN
ot U
tliliz
ed
Serv
ices
Not
Utli
lized
Se
rvic
esSe
rvic
es
not u
tilise
d
IAQ
-35
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri26
Tibb
iG
hulla
mYa
sinM
Ham
zaN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Min
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t0.
5 Li
tre
IAQ
-36
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri26
62-K
BZ
ahoo
r Ahm
edM
Ham
zaN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
1 Li
tre
IAQ
-37
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri26
62-K
BM
uham
mad
Zaf
arM
Shar
afat
Trai
ned
Nee
d G
uida
nce
Skill
s Im
prov
edSh
ared
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
tM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
t1
Litre
IAQ
-38
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri26
62-K
BN
azar
Hus
sain
MSh
araf
atN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
0.5
Litre
IAQ
-39
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri26
62-K
BM
uham
mad
H
ussa
inM
Shar
afat
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t1
Litre
IAQ
-40
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri26
62-K
BZ
awar
Ahm
edM
Shar
afat
Trai
ned
Not
Nee
ded
Skill
s Im
prov
edN
ot S
hare
dU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
tM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
t0.
5 Li
tre
IAQ
-41
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri21
Moh
alK
huda
Bakh
shM
Shar
afat
Not
In
itiat
edN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
1 Li
tre
IAQ
-42
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri21
Moh
alM
uzaf
farH
ussa
inM
Ham
zaN
ot
Initi
ated
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
tM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
t1
Litre
IAQ
-43
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri21
Moh
alA
mir
Hus
sain
MH
amza
Not
In
itiat
edN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t1
Litre
IAQ
-44
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri21
Moh
alH
aq N
awaz
MSh
araf
atN
ot
Initi
ated
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
tM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
t1
Litre
IAQ
-45
3/26
/201
1Ve
hari
Veha
ri21
Moh
alM
uham
mad
Ta
nvee
rM
Ham
zaN
ot
Initi
ated
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
1.5
Litre
s
IAQ
-46
3/27
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a87
427-
EB
Soob
anBi
biF
Gha
ffar
Not
In
itiat
edN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
tM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
t2
Litre
s
IAQ
-47
3/27
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a87
427-
EB
Muh
amm
ad
Yaqo
obM
Gha
ffar
Not
In
itiat
edN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Not
U
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
tM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
t1
Litre
IAQ
-48
3/27
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a87
427-
EB
Tariq
Mas
ood
MH
amza
Not
In
itiat
edN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
1.5
Litre
s
IAQ
-49
3/27
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a87
427-
EB
Zah
idIq
bal
MH
amza
Not
In
itiat
edN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
tM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
t0.
5 Li
tre
IAQ
-50
3/27
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a87
427-
EB
Nisa
rIqb
alM
Shar
afat
Not
In
itiat
edN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
tM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
t1
Litre
29
Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
Que
s.
IDD
ate
Dis
tric
tTe
hsil
UC
Vill
age
Ben
. Nam
eG
ende
rIn
terv
iew
er
Q. 8 Are you provided Training on Feed & Fodder practices
Q. 1 Adoption of Silage/feed/fodder Practices
Q. 2 Skills Improved
Q. 3 Training Experience shared
Q. 4 Feed mixer Utilized
Q. 5 Satisfaction for Vacc/ D.worm
Q. 6 Milk Quality Improvement
Q. 7 Milk Productivity Improvement
Q 7.1 Ave.Inc. in Milk prod.
IAQ
-51
3/27
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a86
116
EB
Ghu
llam
Qad
irM
Gha
ffar
Not
In
itiat
edN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Not
U
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
tM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
1 Li
tre
IAQ
-52
3/27
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a86
116
EB
Muh
amm
ad A
liM
Shar
afat
Not
In
itiat
edN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Not
U
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Min
or
Impr
ovem
ent
0.5
Litre
IAQ
-53
3/27
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a86
116
EB
Muh
amm
ad Ir
shad
MSh
araf
atN
ot
Initi
ated
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Min
or
Impr
ovem
ent
0.5
Litre
IAQ
-54
3/27
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a86
116
EB
Haj
i War
isM
Shar
afat
Not
In
itiat
edN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Not
U
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
tM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
0.5
Litre
IAQ
-55
3/27
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a86
116
EB
Muh
amm
ad It
tefa
qM
Ham
zaN
ot
Initi
ated
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
1 Li
tre
IAQ
-56
3/27
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a68
453-
EB
Zah
oorE
lahi
MH
amza
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
tM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
0.5
Litre
IAQ
-57
3/27
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a68
453-
EB
Muh
amm
ad
Youn
asM
Ham
zaTr
aine
dN
ot
Exp
erim
ente
dSk
ills
Impr
oved
Not
Sha
red
Not
U
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
tM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
t1
Litre
IAQ
-58
3/27
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a68
453-
EB
Usm
an A
hmed
MH
amza
Trai
ned
Not
E
xper
imen
ted
Skill
s Im
prov
edN
ot S
hare
dU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
1 Li
tre
IAQ
-59
3/27
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a68
453-
EB
Ash
faq
Ahm
edM
Shar
afat
Trai
ned
Not
Nee
ded
Skill
s Im
prov
edN
ot S
hare
dN
ot
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
tM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
t1
Litre
IAQ
-60
3/27
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a68
453-
EB
Abd
ul S
atta
rM
Shar
afat
Trai
ned
Not
Nee
ded
Skill
s Im
prov
edN
ot S
hare
dU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t0.
5 Li
tre
IAQ
-61
3/28
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a84
373-
EB
Ghu
llam
Raso
olM
Soha
ilN
ot
Initi
ated
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Inst
alle
dSa
tisfie
dM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
tM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
0.5
Litre
IAQ
-62
3/28
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a84
373-
EB
Muh
amm
ad S
adiq
MG
haff
arN
ot
Initi
ated
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Inst
alle
dSa
tisfie
dM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t0.
5 Li
tre
IAQ
-63
3/28
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a84
373-
EB
Akh
laq
Ali
MG
haff
arN
ot
Initi
ated
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Inst
alle
dSa
tisfie
dM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t0.
5 Li
tre
IAQ
-64
3/28
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a84
373-
EB
Muh
amm
ad S
ajja
dM
Gha
ffar
Not
In
itiat
edN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Not
In
stal
led
Satis
fied
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
tM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
0.5
Litre
IAQ
-65
3/28
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a84
373-
EB
Muh
amm
ad A
kram
MG
haff
arN
ot
Initi
ated
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Inst
alle
dSa
tisfie
dM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t0.
5 Li
tre
IAQ
-66
3/28
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a86
112-
EB
Muh
amm
ad S
hoai
bM
Ham
zaN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
tM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
t1
Litre
IAQ
-67
3/28
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a86
112-
EB
Qaz
imH
ussa
in`
MH
amza
Trai
ned
Not
E
xper
imen
ted
Skill
s Im
prov
edN
ot S
hare
dU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
tM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
0.5
Litre
30
Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
Que
s.
IDD
ate
Dis
tric
tTe
hsil
UC
Vill
age
Ben
. Nam
eG
ende
rIn
terv
iew
er
Q. 8 Are you provided Training on Feed & Fodder practices
Q. 1 Adoption of Silage/feed/fodder Practices
Q. 2 Skills Improved
Q. 3 Training Experience shared
Q. 4 Feed mixer Utilized
Q. 5 Satisfaction for Vacc/ D.worm
Q. 6 Milk Quality Improvement
Q. 7 Milk Productivity Improvement
Q 7.1 Ave.Inc. in Milk prod.
IAQ
-68
3/28
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a86
112-
EB
Naj
ma
FH
amza
Trai
ned
Exp
erim
ente
dSk
ills
Impr
oved
Shar
edU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
2 Li
tres
IAQ
-69
3/28
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a86
112-
EB
Salm
aF
Ham
zaTr
aine
dN
ot
Exp
erim
ente
dSk
ills
Impr
oved
Shar
edU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
1.5
Litre
s
IAQ
-70
3/28
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a86
112-
EB
Hafi
z M
uham
mad
Fa
rman
MG
haff
arTr
aine
dN
ot
Exp
erim
ente
dSk
ills
Impr
oved
Shar
edU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
tM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
1 Li
tre
IAQ
-71
3/28
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a74
303-
EB
Muh
amm
ad
Hus
sain
MH
amza
Trai
ned
Not
E
xper
imen
ted
Skill
s Im
prov
edSh
ared
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t0.
5 Li
tre
IAQ
-72
3/28
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a74
303-
EB
Muh
amm
ad A
nwar
MH
amza
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t1
Litre
IAQ
-73
3/28
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a74
303-
EB
Jave
riaF
Ham
zaN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Min
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Min
or
Impr
ovem
ent
0.5
Litre
IAQ
-74
3/28
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a74
303-
EB
Nav
eeda
Bibi
FH
amza
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Util
izin
gSa
tisfie
dM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t1
Litre
IAQ
-75
3/28
/201
1Ve
hari
Bure
wal
a74
303-
EB
Khu
rshi
dBib
iF
Ham
zaN
ot
Trai
ned
Not
Tra
ined
Not
Tr
aine
dN
ot T
rain
edU
tiliz
ing
Satis
fied
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
tM
inor
Im
prov
emen
t0.
5 Li
tre
31
Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
List
ans
wer
ed q
uest
ions
of t
he s
urve
y (F
MC
Leve
l)
Que
s. ID
Dat
eD
istric
tTe
hsil
UC
Vill
age
FMC
Nam
eTo
tal
Mem
bers
hip
Mal
e (M
embe
rs)
Fem
ale
(Mem
bers
)D
ate
of
Form
atio
nIn
terv
iew
erQ
. 1: M
ilk
Col
lect
ion
Q. 2
: Sou
rce
of
Milk
Q. 3
: % o
f M
embe
rs
Brin
g M
ilk
Q. 4
: Milk
Re
ject
ed
Q. 5
: Pe
r KG
Sa
ving
Q. 6
: FM
C’s
Tota
l Sa
ving
s
FAQ
-128
-03-
2011
Veha
riBu
rew
ala
7430
3EB
Nat
iona
l FM
C40
2515
1/7/
2010
Gha
ffar
≤ 4
00
Litre
sN
on-M
embe
rs80
% F
MC
M
embe
rsRe
ject
ed2
Rs≤
25,
000
Rs
FAQ
-228
-03-
2011
Veha
riBu
rew
ala
8437
3EB
Al-R
ehm
an
FMC
3220
121/
10/2
010
Ham
za≤
100
Li
tres
Non
-Mem
bers
Hal
f FM
C
Mem
bers
Nev
er2
Rs≤
25,
000
Rs
FAQ
-328
-03-
2011
Veha
riBu
rew
ala
8611
2EB
Wor
ld
Miss
ion
FMC
3014
161/
10/2
010
Gha
ffar
≤ 3
00
Litre
sLa
nd L
ords
/Non
-M
emeb
ers
80%
FM
C
Mem
bers
Nev
er2
Rs≤
50,
000
Rs
FAQ
-425
-03-
2011
Veha
riVe
hari
1477
WB
Rosh
an
Paki
stan
FM
C42
3210
1/7/
2010
Gha
ffar
≤ 3
00
Litre
sLa
nd L
ords
/Non
-M
emeb
ers
All
FMC
M
embe
rsN
ever
2 Rs
≤ 5
0,00
0 Rs
FAQ
-527
-03-
2011
Veha
riBu
rew
ala
6845
3EB
Sard
ar
FMC
3020
101/
7/20
10Sh
araf
at≤
600
Li
tres
Land
Lor
ds/N
on-
Mem
eber
s80
% F
MC
M
embe
rsN
ever
2 Rs
≤ 5
0,00
0 Rs
FAQ
-627
-03-
2011
Veha
riBu
rew
ala
8611
6EB
Joya
FM
C48
3414
1/6/
2010
Gha
ffar
≤ 4
00
Litre
sLa
nd L
ords
/Non
-M
emeb
ers
All
FMC
M
embe
rsN
ever
2 Rs
≤ 5
0,00
0 Rs
FAQ
-727
-03-
2011
Veha
riBu
rew
ala
8742
7 E
BBa
ba F
arid
3120
1127
-10-
2010
Ham
za≤
400
Li
tres
Land
Lor
ds/N
on-
Mem
eber
sH
alf
FMC
M
embe
rsN
ever
2 Rs
≤ 4
0,00
0 Rs
FAQ
-826
-03-
2011
Veha
riVe
hari
21M
ohal
Kam
lana
3930
927
-09-
2010
Ham
za≤
400
Li
tres
Non
-Mem
bers
Hal
f FM
C
Mem
bers
Nev
er2
Rs≤
30,
000
Rs
FAQ
-926
-03-
2011
Veha
riVe
hari
26Ti
bbi
Cha
nan
Saw
era
4025
1527
-07-
2010
Shar
afat
≤ 2
00
Litre
sLa
nd L
ords
/Non
-M
emeb
ers
Hal
f FM
C
Mem
bers
Reje
cted
2 Rs
≤ 3
1,00
0 Rs
FAQ
-10
27-0
3-20
11Ve
hari
Veha
ri26
62 K
BK
hush
bu64
3232
26-0
7-20
10H
amza
≤ 2
00
Litre
sN
on-M
embe
rsH
alf
FMC
M
embe
rsN
ever
2 Rs
≤ 4
8,00
0 Rs
FAQ
-11
26-0
3-20
11Ve
hari
Veha
ri22
Daa
d K
amer
aN
eeliB
ae40
2515
26-1
1-20
10H
amza
≤ 2
00
Litre
sN
on-M
embe
rsH
alf
FMC
M
embe
rsRe
ject
ed2
Rs≤
25,
000
Rs
FAQ
-12
26-0
3-20
11Ve
hari
Mal
si51
145
WB
Ali
438
517/
10/2
010
Gha
ffar
≤ 4
00
Litre
sLa
nd L
ords
/Non
-M
emeb
ers
80%
FM
C
Mem
bers
Reje
cted
2 Rs
≤ 2
0,00
0 Rs
FAQ
-13
26-0
3-20
10Ve
hari
Veha
ri19
83 W
BA
l-Fal
ah35
287
17-0
9-20
10G
haff
ar≤
400
Li
tres
Land
Lor
ds/N
on-
Mem
eber
sA
ll FM
C
Mem
bers
Reje
cted
2 Rs
≤ 5
0,00
0 Rs
FAQ
-14
26-0
3-20
10Ve
hari
Veha
ri17
40 W
BA
rooj
3018
122/
5/20
10G
haff
ar≤
300
Li
tres
Land
Lor
ds/N
on-
Mem
eber
sH
alf
FMC
M
embe
rsRe
ject
ed2
Rs≤
35,
000
Rs
FAQ
-15
25-0
3-20
10Ve
hari
Veha
ri10
573
WB
Aria
n 30
2010
1/5/
2010
Shar
afat
≤ 5
00
Litre
sLa
nd L
ords
/Non
-M
emeb
ers
80%
FM
C
Mem
bers
Nev
er2
Rs≤
90,
000
Rs
32
Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
Que
s. ID
Q. 7
: Fr
eque
ncy
of F
MC
M
eetin
gs
Q. 8
: FM
C
Reco
rd
Stat
us
Q. 9
: Li
nkag
esQ
. 10:
Sila
ge
Mak
ing
Q. 1
1:
Prov
ision
of
See
ds
Q. 1
2:
Utli
zatio
n of
See
ds
Q. 1
3:
Qua
lity
of
Seed
s
Q. 1
4: T
imel
y Pr
ovisi
on o
f Se
eds
Q. 1
5: F
eed
Mix
er B
eing
U
tiliz
ed b
y M
embe
rs
Q. 1
6:
VV
Ws
Trai
ned
Q. 1
7: D
ecre
ase
in D
iseas
es/
Mor
talit
y
Q. 1
8: U
sage
of
Ant
i-bi
otic
s
Q. 1
9:
Impr
ovem
ent i
n M
ilk Q
ualit
y
Q. 2
0:
Impr
ovem
ent i
n M
ilk Q
uant
ity
Q. 2
1:
Impr
ovem
ent
in P
er A
nim
al
Prod
uctiv
ity
FAQ
-1M
onth
lyIm
prop
erN
oN
ot
Exp
erim
ente
dPr
ovid
edU
tiliz
edSa
tisfie
dN
o37
%Tr
aine
dM
ajor
Dec
reas
eRe
duce
d/U
sing
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
1 Li
tre
FAQ
-2D
aily
Prop
erN
oTr
aini
ng N
ot
Initi
ated
Prov
ided
Util
ized
Satis
fied
Prov
ided
Ti
mel
yN
ot In
stal
led
Trai
ned
Maj
or D
ecre
ase
Not
Usin
g M
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t0.
5 Li
tre
FAQ
-3M
onth
lyPr
oper
No
Exp
erim
ente
dPr
ovid
edU
tiliz
edSa
tisfie
dN
o50
%Tr
aine
dM
ajor
Dec
reas
eRe
duce
d/U
sing
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
tM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
0.5
Litre
FAQ
-4Fo
rtni
ghtly
Prop
erYe
sN
ot
Exp
erim
ente
dN
ot
Prov
ided
Not
Pr
ovid
edN
ot
Prov
ided
Seed
s Not
Pr
ovid
ed33
%Tr
aine
dM
ajor
Dec
reas
eN
ot U
sing
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
tM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
0.5
Litre
FAQ
-5Fo
rtni
ghtly
Prop
erYe
sN
ot
Exp
erim
ente
dPr
ovid
edU
tiliz
edSa
tisfie
dPr
ovid
ed
Tim
ely
30%
Trai
ned
Maj
or D
ecre
ase
Not
Usin
g M
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t0.
5 Li
tre
FAQ
-6M
onth
lyIm
prop
erN
oTr
aini
ng N
ot
Initi
ated
Not
Pr
ovid
edN
ot
Prov
ided
Not
Pr
ovid
edSe
eds N
ot
Prov
ided
47%
Trai
ned
Maj
or D
ecre
ase
Not
Usin
g M
ajor
Im
prov
emen
tM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
0.5
Litre
FAQ
-7Fo
rtni
ghtly
Prop
erN
oTr
aini
ng N
ot
Initi
ated
Prov
ided
Util
ized
Satis
fied
Prov
ided
Ti
mel
y90
%Tr
aine
dM
ajor
Dec
reas
eN
ot U
sing
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
tM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
1 Li
tre
FAQ
-8M
onth
lyPr
oper
No
Not
E
xper
imen
ted
Prov
ided
Util
ized
Satis
fied
Prov
ided
Ti
mel
y10
0%Tr
aine
dM
ajor
Dec
reas
eN
ot U
sing
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
tM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
1 Li
tre
FAQ
-9W
eekl
yPr
oper
No
Not
E
xper
imen
ted
Not
Pr
ovid
edN
ot
Prov
ided
Not
Pr
ovid
edSe
eds N
ot
Prov
ided
37%
Not
Tr
aine
dM
ajor
Dec
reas
eRe
duce
d/U
sing
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
tM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
1 Li
tre
FAQ
-10
Fort
nigh
tlyPr
oper
No
Not
E
xper
imen
ted
Not
Pr
ovid
edN
ot
Prov
ided
Not
Pr
ovid
edSe
eds N
ot
Prov
ided
100%
Trai
ned
Maj
or D
ecre
ase
Redu
ced/
Usin
gM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
tM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
t1.
5 Li
tres
FAQ
-11
Fort
nigh
tlyPr
oper
No
Not
E
xper
imen
ted
Not
Pr
ovid
edN
ot
Prov
ided
Not
Pr
ovid
edSe
eds N
ot
Prov
ided
Rece
ntly
In
itiat
edTr
aine
dM
ajor
Dec
reas
eN
ot U
sing
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
1 Li
tre
FAQ
-12
Fort
nigh
tlyPr
oper
Yes
Not
E
xper
imen
ted
Prov
ided
Util
ized
Satis
fied
Prov
ided
Ti
mel
y30
%Tr
aine
dM
ajor
Dec
reas
eN
ot U
sing
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
tM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
1 Li
tre
FAQ
-13
Fort
nigh
tlyIm
prop
erYe
sN
ot
Exp
erim
ente
dPr
ovid
edU
tiliz
edSa
tisfie
dPr
ovid
ed
Tim
ely
Def
activ
eTr
aine
dM
ajor
Dec
reas
eRe
duce
d/U
sing
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
tM
ediu
m
Impr
ovem
ent
1.5
Litre
s
FAQ
-14
Fort
nigh
tlyPr
oper
Yes
Exp
erim
ente
dPr
ovid
edN
ot
Util
ized
Ye
t
Not
U
tiliz
ed
Yet
Prov
ided
Ti
mel
y10
0%Tr
aine
dM
ajor
Dec
reas
eN
ot U
sing
Maj
or
Impr
ovem
ent
Med
ium
Im
prov
emen
t0.
5 Li
tre
FAQ
-15
Wee
kly
Prop
erYe
sE
xper
imen
ted
Prov
ided
Util
ized
Satis
fied
No
83%
Trai
ned
Maj
or D
ecre
ase
Redu
ced/
Usin
gM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
tM
ajor
Im
prov
emen
t1
Litre
33
Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
Annex 3: FMC questionnaire
PMVCP-Impact Assessment Questionnaire (FMC Level)
Section A - Basic Information Date: District: Tehsil: UC: Village: FMC: Members(M/F): Formation(Date): Interviewer:
Section B - Institutional Assessment 1) What is the total average daily milk collection by FMC? a) ≤ 100 Litres b) ≤200 Litres c) ≤ 300 Litres d) ≤ 400 Litres e) ≤500 Litres d) ≤ 600 Litres
2) What are the sources of milk being collect by FMC? a) FMC Members b) FMC Non-Members/Farmers c) Land Lords d) Milk Men e) Others: 3) What percentage of FMC members do bring milk to FMC on daily basis? a) ≤ 20% b) ≤ 40% c) ≤ 60% d) ≤ 80% e) ≤ 100 % 4) Has ever the milk been rejected by milk collecting Company? a) Yes b) No If yes; then what were the reasons?
5) What is the per Liter savings by FMC on collected Milk? a) Rs. 1 b) Rs. 2 c) Rs. 3 d) Rs. 4 e) Others: 6) What is the total present savings of FMC (Specify in Rs)?: 7) What are the sources of income for FMC (other than FMC savings)? a) Value addition b) Grant Support from Plan/Project c) Selling Milk d) Others:_____________________
8) What is the frequency of FMC meetings? a) Daily b) Weekly c) Fortnightly d) Monthly e) Others:
Annexes
34
Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
9) Is the FMC level records being maintained? a) Yes b) No
If yes; then specify:
10) How and what roles and responsibilities have been distributed in FMC (specify)?
11) Has FMC developed linkages? a) Yes b) No
If yes; then specify:
12) What do you know about the IEC materials provided in PMVC Project?
Section C - Feed and Fodder Component
13) How many percentage of FMC members were provided training on Silage making and Feed/Fodder practices (Male/Female)?
14) What percentage of FMC members have adopted Silage making/Feed and Fodder practices (M/F)?
15) How many percentage of members were provided Fodder seeds (Male/Female)?
16) How many percentage of members utilized Fodder seeds (Male/Female)?
17) Are FMC members satisfied with the quality of seeds provided? a) Yes b) No
If No; then explain:
18) Were the Fodder seeds provided timely? a) Yes b) No
19) Is the Feed Mixer Running/being utilized? a) Yes b) No
If yes; then how many Members and Non-Members are utilizing the feed mixer (Male/ Female)?
Annexes
35
Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
Section D - Veterinary Component
20) Is Vaccination and De-worming initiated in the village? a) Yes b) No
If yes; then how many percentage of members are facilitated (Male/Female)?
21) How many Village Veterinary Workers (VVWs) have been trained in the village (M/F)?
22) How many animals VVWs Vaccinated in the village? 23) Are FMC/Villagers/Farmers satisfied with the services of VVWs? a) Yes b) No
If No; then explain why?
24) Is there any decrease in livestock diseases? a) Yes b) No
If Yes/No; then explain:
25) Is there any decrease in livestock Mortality? a) Yes b) No
If Yes/No; then explain:
26) Is any FMC member using antibiotics for Livestock? a) Yes b) No
If Yes/No; then explain (How many members/Why):
Section E - Other Details
27) Did the Veterinary and Feed & Fodder services provided in PMVCP helped in improvement of milk quality? a) Major Improvement b) Medium Improvement c) Minor Improvement d) No Improvement
28) Did the Veterinary and Feed & Fodder services provided in PMVCP helped in improvement of milk productivity? a) Major Improvement b) Medium Improvement c) Minor Improvement d) No Improvement
Annexes
36
Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
28.1) If there is improvement in Milk productivity; then what is the average increase in milk productivity of per animal? a) 0.5 Liter b) 1 Litre c) 1.5 Litres d) 2 Litres e) Others:
What plan do FMC has for future sustainability?
Comments of FMC on PMVC Project:
Comments of Interviewer about FMC:
Annexes
37
Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
PMVCP-Impact Assessment Questionnaire (Individual Level)
Section A - Basic Information
Date: District: Tehsil: UC: Village: Beneficiary (Name): Members(M/F): Gender: Interviewer: Section B - Assessment
1) Have you adopted Silage making and Feed/Fodder practices? a) Experimented b) Not Experimented c) Not Trained d) Not Needed e) Need Guidance If Yes/No; then explain:
2) Did the training on Silage/Feed and Fodder practices helped improve your skills and capacity? a) Improved b) No
If Yes/No; then explain:
3) Did you share the experience of training on Silage/Feed and Fodder practices with Villagers/Non-Member/Farmers etc. a) Shared b) Not Shared c) Not Trained If Yes; then explain:
4) Are you utilizing the service of Feed Mixer in the village? a) Utilizing b) Not Utilizing c) Not Satisfied d) Costly e) Not Installed If No; then explain why?
Annexes
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Mid-term review of Milk Value Chain Project, Vehari
5) Are you satisfied with Vaccination and De-worming services provided in the village? a) Yes b) No
If No; then explain why?
6) Did the Veterinary and Feed & Fodder services provided in PMVCP helped in improvement of milk quality? a) Major Improvement b) Medium Improvement c) Minor Improvement d) No Improvement
7) Did the Veterinary and Feed & Fodder services provided in PMVCP helped in improvement of milk productivity? a) Major Improvement b) Medium Improvement c) Minor Improvement d) No Improvement
7.1) If there is improvement in Milk productivity; then what is the average increase in milk productivity of per animal? a) 0.5 Liter b) 1 Litre c) 1.5 Litres d) 2.0 Litres e) 2.5 Litres Others: Section C - Other Details
Comments of Beneficiary:
Comments of Interviewer:
1. Value Chain Analysis, Livestock Sector (Dairy) in District Vehari Punjab. Plan International and Inter Cooperation.
Annexes