michael freitas u.s. department of transportation traveler... · 2010. 12. 10. · 1 vehicle...

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VehicleInfrastructureIntegration


Michael FreitasU.S. Department of Transportation

October 24, 2005

Topics CoveredTopics Covered

• What is VII• Applications and Opportunities of

VII• Basic Operating Concept• DOT Initiative• What are the Issues Effecting

Deployment• Impact on Traveler Information

• What is VII• Applications and Opportunities of

VII• Basic Operating Concept• DOT Initiative• What are the Issues Effecting

Deployment• Impact on Traveler Information



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Vehicle Infrastructure IntegrationVehicle Infrastructure Integration

Connecting Vehicles and InfrastructureConnecting Vehicles and Infrastructure

Creating an “enabling communication infrastructure”

Creating an “enabling communication infrastructure”



Vehicle Infrastructure IntegrationVehicle Infrastructure Integration

Definition: The establishment of vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to roadside communication capability nationwide

Purpose: To enable a number of new services that provide significant mobility, safety and commercial benefits

Definition: The establishment of vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to roadside communication capability nationwide

Purpose: To enable a number of new services that provide significant mobility, safety and commercial benefits

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1990 2000

Driving Forces: SafetyDriving Forces: Safety

1980

We have theopportunity tochange the trend.



VII

Dep

l oym

e ntFatality Rate

Fatality Rate

FatalitiesFatalities

42,81542,815

1.511.51

Driving Forces: MobilityDriving Forces: Mobility



1990 20001980

VII

Dep

l oym

e nt

We have theopportunity tocreate a turning point.

Hours of Delay

Hours of Delay

VMTVMT

Added CapacityAdded Capacity

4

How We Got HereHow We Got Here

• The confluence of three activities have presented an opportunity– Growing emphasis on crash avoidance (Safety) and

system management and operations (mobility)

– Advancements under the ITS vehicle safety program (Intelligent Vehicle Initiative)

– Evolution of communications technology

• The confluence of three activities have presented an opportunity– Growing emphasis on crash avoidance (Safety) and

system management and operations (mobility)

– Advancements under the ITS vehicle safety program (Intelligent Vehicle Initiative)

– Evolution of communications technology

VII Can Enable a Wide Range of ApplicationsVII Can Enable a Wide Range of Applications

Work Zone Management Work Zone Management Traveler Information

Traveler Information

Weather Sensing

Intersection Collision Avoidance

Commercial ApplicationsCommercial Applications

…for example



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Types of Potential ApplicationsTypes of Potential Applications

• Cooperative Safety Systems• Active Probe Vehicles• Commercial Applications• Mobility Management

• Cooperative Safety Systems• Active Probe Vehicles• Commercial Applications• Mobility Management

Cooperative Safety SystemsCooperative Safety Systems

• Primary Examples– Intersection Collision Avoidance– Road Departure Warning

• Other Opportunities– Work Zone Management– In-Vehicle Signing– Wireless Truck Inspections

• Primary Examples– Intersection Collision Avoidance– Road Departure Warning

• Other Opportunities– Work Zone Management– In-Vehicle Signing– Wireless Truck Inspections

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Probe VehiclesProbe Vehicles

• Vehicle to Roadside Communication Would Enable Vehicles to Act as Active Probes

• Data from Existing Vehicle Based Sensors Could be Communicated to Roadside

• Example Information – Average Speed and Travel Time– Incident Detection– Origin/Destination– Onset of Precipitation– Road Condition

• Potential Coverage of Every Road and Street

• Vehicle to Roadside Communication Would Enable Vehicles to Act as Active Probes

• Data from Existing Vehicle Based Sensors Could be Communicated to Roadside

• Example Information – Average Speed and Travel Time– Incident Detection– Origin/Destination– Onset of Precipitation– Road Condition

• Potential Coverage of Every Road and Street

Commercial ApplicationsCommercial Applications

• A Wide Range of Commercial Services Will Likely be Enabled– Personalized Traveler Information– Dynamic Route Guidance– Info-tainment– Innovative Road Pricing Strategies– Electronic Payment for Services– Fleet Management

• Asset Tracking• Cargo Monitoring and Security

• A Wide Range of Commercial Services Will Likely be Enabled– Personalized Traveler Information– Dynamic Route Guidance– Info-tainment– Innovative Road Pricing Strategies– Electronic Payment for Services– Fleet Management

• Asset Tracking• Cargo Monitoring and Security

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Mobility ManagementMobility Management

• VII Could be an Enabling Technology for a New Generation of Direct Traffic Assistance or Control

• Possibilities Include: – Queue Management– Dynamic Intersection Control– Merge Assistance

• VII Could be an Enabling Technology for a New Generation of Direct Traffic Assistance or Control

• Possibilities Include: – Queue Management– Dynamic Intersection Control– Merge Assistance

TechnologyTechnology

• A number of technologies could be used to provide this basic communication capability– WiFi– Cellular– DSRC

• DSRC at 5.9 Ghz is a primary technology being considered

• DSRC was specifically designed to support a number of use cases being considered

• DSRC is not required for all use cases• Other possible communication modes do not

require public sector involvement

• A number of technologies could be used to provide this basic communication capability– WiFi– Cellular– DSRC

• DSRC at 5.9 Ghz is a primary technology being considered

• DSRC was specifically designed to support a number of use cases being considered

• DSRC is not required for all use cases• Other possible communication modes do not

require public sector involvement

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Simple Block DiagramSimple Block Diagram

Road SideUnit

On BoardUnit Message

Switch

SubscriberApplications

5.9 DSRC

EndUser

Driver

Vehicle Data

Driver HMI

QuestionsQuestions

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US DOT VII InitiativeUS DOT VII Initiative

Motivation • Potential of VII is Clear• No One Use May Justify Deployment• No One Entity May Cause Deployment• Some Sort of Cooperative Venture May be Needed• Determining that Arrangement is a Major Focus of this

EffortObjective: To determine if the investment necessary to

equip new vehicles and the roadway infrastructurewith communications are warranted and can be synchronized.

Milestone• A Decision to Proceed With Deployment Accompanied

by a Plan for Deployment

Motivation • Potential of VII is Clear• No One Use May Justify Deployment• No One Entity May Cause Deployment• Some Sort of Cooperative Venture May be Needed• Determining that Arrangement is a Major Focus of this

EffortObjective: To determine if the investment necessary to

equip new vehicles and the roadway infrastructurewith communications are warranted and can be synchronized.

Milestone• A Decision to Proceed With Deployment Accompanied

by a Plan for Deployment

Can We?Can We?

Several key issues will have to beresolved:• Technical implementation• Privacy and data ownership

policy• Business models public

and private

Several key issues will have to beresolved:• Technical implementation• Privacy and data ownership

policy• Business models public

and private



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VII CoalitionVII Coalition

– USDOT • FHWA• NHTSA

– AASHTO • 10 State DOTs

– IBTTA– Local Government– Vehicle Manufacturers

• BMW• Daimler Chrysler• Ford• GM• Nissan• Toyota• VW

– USDOT • FHWA• NHTSA

– AASHTO • 10 State DOTs

– IBTTA– Local Government– Vehicle Manufacturers

• BMW• Daimler Chrysler• Ford• GM• Nissan• Toyota• VW

FHWAFHWA

NHTSANHTSA

Working Together!Working Together!

• Working Group in Place– USDOT, AASHTO, Auto Companies

• Public Sector Use Cases Identified

• Preliminary Architecture Developed • Designing Prototype System• Evaluating Deployment Options

– Business Models– Institutional Issues

• Conducting DSRC Test Program

• Working Group in Place– USDOT, AASHTO, Auto Companies

• Public Sector Use Cases Identified

• Preliminary Architecture Developed • Designing Prototype System• Evaluating Deployment Options

– Business Models– Institutional Issues

• Conducting DSRC Test Program



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Deployment OptionsDeployment Options

• Three Basic Modes of Communication– Vehicle to Vehicle– Local Vehicle to Roadside– Network Vehicle to Roadside

• Any of the Communication Modes Could Be Deployed Singly or in Combination

• Each Could be Deployed Using Various Communication Technologies

• Some May Require Public Sector Involvement• Challenge – Need for Coordinated

Deployment of Roadside and Vehicle Units

• Three Basic Modes of Communication– Vehicle to Vehicle– Local Vehicle to Roadside– Network Vehicle to Roadside

• Any of the Communication Modes Could Be Deployed Singly or in Combination

• Each Could be Deployed Using Various Communication Technologies

• Some May Require Public Sector Involvement• Challenge – Need for Coordinated

Deployment of Roadside and Vehicle Units

Basic VII Deployment ConceptBasic VII Deployment Concept

• Time from “Deployment Decision” to “Basic Nationwide Capability” would be 2 to 3 years– Nationwide footprint of roadside units– New vehicles equipped with on-board units

• Streamlined infrastructure deployment process

• Time from “Deployment Decision” to “Basic Nationwide Capability” would be 2 to 3 years– Nationwide footprint of roadside units– New vehicles equipped with on-board units

• Streamlined infrastructure deployment process

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What Is Nationwide FootprintWhat Is Nationwide Footprint

• Metropolitan Areas Areas– Top 50 Urban Areas– 50% of all signalized intersections– All urban freeway interchanges– 60,000 to 100,000 roadside units

• Rural Areas– Some coverage in all 50 States– All Interstate intersections– All intersection of NHS routes– 18,000-23,000 units

• Special Locations– Defined by each State = 2500

• Total Initial Deployment– 80,000-125,000 Units

• Full Long Term Deployment – 200,000 – 250,000 units

• Metropolitan Areas Areas– Top 50 Urban Areas– 50% of all signalized intersections– All urban freeway interchanges– 60,000 to 100,000 roadside units

• Rural Areas– Some coverage in all 50 States– All Interstate intersections– All intersection of NHS routes– 18,000-23,000 units

• Special Locations– Defined by each State = 2500

• Total Initial Deployment– 80,000-125,000 Units

• Full Long Term Deployment – 200,000 – 250,000 units

Technical Attributes: Security / PrivacyTechnical Attributes: Security / Privacy

• VII safety applications and privacy concerns demand a secure system– In vehicle and roadside

• Technical recommendation:– Digital signatures (encryption) using

Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)– Requires a national certificate authority

• General operating strategy– Common applications would not require private

information– Services requiring personalized data would be opt in

services

• VII safety applications and privacy concerns demand a secure system– In vehicle and roadside

• Technical recommendation:– Digital signatures (encryption) using

Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)– Requires a national certificate authority

• General operating strategy– Common applications would not require private

information– Services requiring personalized data would be opt in

services

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Technical Attributes: Network OperationsTechnical Attributes: Network Operations

• Network operations 24 / 7• Subscriber authorization

– Who has access

• Certification of applications for vehicles• Software updates for current / new

applications• Configuration control

• Network operations 24 / 7• Subscriber authorization

– Who has access

• Certification of applications for vehicles• Software updates for current / new

applications• Configuration control

Technical Attributes: StandardsTechnical Attributes: Standards

• National standards for– DSRC– Message sets– Data dictionaries

• DSRC standards mandated by FCC• Technology evolution must be in a regulated /

controlled environment

• National standards for– DSRC– Message sets– Data dictionaries

• DSRC standards mandated by FCC• Technology evolution must be in a regulated /

controlled environment

““LongLong--Term StabilityTerm Stability””

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Business Model Implicationsof Technical Attributes Business Model Implicationsof Technical Attributes

• Requires a capability to:– Manage security: certificate authority– Ensure quality of service– Manage the network– Manage standards evolution– Manage access to data

• Mechanism needed to perform functions or contract for them

• Public / private oversight essential

• Requires a capability to:– Manage security: certificate authority– Ensure quality of service– Manage the network– Manage standards evolution– Manage access to data

• Mechanism needed to perform functions or contract for them

• Public / private oversight essential

Sustainability RequirementsSustainability Requirements

• Recognized that state and local governments do not currently have resources to sustain a telecommunications network

• Capability must be created to be responsible for long-term sustainability

• Recognized that state and local governments do not currently have resources to sustain a telecommunications network

• Capability must be created to be responsible for long-term sustainability

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Business Model ImplicationsBusiness Model Implications

• Deployment must be nationally uniform• Timeliness, security, quality of service,

essential• Installation and O & M addressed

up front • Stable, sustainable arrangement needed• Public / private oversight required

• Deployment must be nationally uniform• Timeliness, security, quality of service,

essential• Installation and O & M addressed

up front • Stable, sustainable arrangement needed• Public / private oversight required

Need for an Operational EntityNeed for an Operational Entity

• Oversee VII operations over the long term

• O & M entity with public and private control– Contract with a non-profit: FFRDC– Private non-profit: AAMVAnet– Federal chartered corp:TVA, COMSAT– Government agency: FAA

• Via legislation, regulation, and / or incentives

• Oversee VII operations over the long term

• O & M entity with public and private control– Contract with a non-profit: FFRDC– Private non-profit: AAMVAnet– Federal chartered corp:TVA, COMSAT– Government agency: FAA

• Via legislation, regulation, and / or incentives

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Business Model Options Current ThinkingBusiness Model Options Current Thinking

• Range of funding approaches– Full Federal financing

• Not through “Conventional Federal Aid”– Public / private partnership

• Telecommunications industry• Information services industry• Other?

• State / local DOT cooperation in streamlined approach

• Range of funding approaches– Full Federal financing

• Not through “Conventional Federal Aid”– Public / private partnership

• Telecommunications industry• Information services industry• Other?

• State / local DOT cooperation in streamlined approach

We have work yet to doWe have work yet to do

– Application Development– Privacy– Data ownership– Liability– Deployment approach– Business approach

– Application Development– Privacy– Data ownership– Liability– Deployment approach– Business approach

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Traveler Information ImplicationsTraveler Information Implications

• Opportunities– New data source– Access to the vehicle– New business opportunities

• Issues– Impact on existing business models– Data ownership and availability– Public vs. private sector

• Timeframe– Probe data expected to be an early application

• Opportunities– New data source– Access to the vehicle– New business opportunities

• Issues– Impact on existing business models– Data ownership and availability– Public vs. private sector

• Timeframe– Probe data expected to be an early application

SummarySummary

• A work in progress• Requirements becoming clear• Many options to consider• A dynamic environment

– Technologies, business entities, customer services

• A work in progress• Requirements becoming clear• Many options to consider• A dynamic environment

– Technologies, business entities, customer services

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Imagine the PossibilitiesImagine the Possibilities

1990 20001980

Fatality RateFatality Rate

FatalitiesFatalities

VII

Dep

l oym

e nt

• A High Risk / High Reward Venture• Team Consensus: “It is worth pursuing”• A High Risk / High Reward Venture• Team Consensus: “It is worth pursuing”

Over 42,000 Over 42,000 reasons why!reasons why!

michael freitas u.s. department of transportation traveler... · 2010. 12. 10. · 1 vehicle...

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