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Medical Medical Terminology Terminology Introduction Introduction

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Page 1: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

Medical Medical TerminologyTerminologyIntroductionIntroduction

Page 2: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

Medical languageMedical language Majority of terms are based in Majority of terms are based in

Latin or GreekLatin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Ex: herpes – based on the

Greek work Greek work herpoherpo meaning meaning “creep along”. Herpes is used “creep along”. Herpes is used to describe the skin condition to describe the skin condition because it seems to “creep because it seems to “creep along” the skin.along” the skin.

Page 3: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

•Most medical terms can be broken Most medical terms can be broken down into one or more word parts.down into one or more word parts.

–RootsRoots

–PrefixesPrefixes

–SuffixesSuffixes

–Linking or combining vowelsLinking or combining vowels

Page 4: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

•WORD ROOTSWORD ROOTS•Are the meaning or base of the termAre the meaning or base of the term

•Every medical term has at least one word Every medical term has at least one word rootroot

–Ex: Ex: hepatitishepatitis – – hepathepat is the is the word rootword root and and means means liverliver.

Page 5: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

•SUFFIXSUFFIX

•Attached to the end of the Attached to the end of the word root to modify its word root to modify its meaning.meaning.

–Ex: Hepatic – Ex: Hepatic – icic (meaning (meaning “pertaining to”) is the suffix.“pertaining to”) is the suffix.

Page 6: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

•PREFIXPREFIX

•Attached to the beginning of a Attached to the beginning of a word root to modify its word root to modify its meaning.meaning.

–Ex: subhepatic – Ex: subhepatic – subsub (meaning “under”) is the (meaning “under”) is the prefix.prefix.

Page 7: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

•RULESRULES

•Part of the wordPart of the word

•Usually is an “o”Usually is an “o”

•Used between two word rootsUsed between two word roots

•Used between a word root and Used between a word root and a suffix to ease pronunciationa suffix to ease pronunciation

Page 8: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

•RULESRULES

•All prefixes must go at the beginning of All prefixes must go at the beginning of the wordthe word

•All suffixes must go at the end of the All suffixes must go at the end of the wordword

•All words must have a suffixAll words must have a suffix

•The combining vowel which is usually The combining vowel which is usually an “o” should be dropped when an “o” should be dropped when combining with a suffix that begins with combining with a suffix that begins with a vowel.a vowel.

Page 9: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

Word AnalysisWord Analysis

HEMATOLOGYHEMATOLOGY HEMATO/LOGYHEMATO/LOGY

RootRoot Suffix Suffix

(blood)(blood) (Study of) (Study of)

When you analyze a When you analyze a medical term, begin medical term, begin at the at the endend of the of the word.word.

The ending of a word The ending of a word is called a is called a suffixsuffix..

AllAll medical terms medical terms contain suffixes.contain suffixes.

Page 10: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

Word AnalysisWord Analysis

HEMATOLOGYHEMATOLOGY HEMAT/O/LOGYHEMAT/O/LOGY

RootRoot Suffix Suffix(blood)(blood) (Study of) (Study of)

CombiningCombining VowelVowel

Root + combining vowel + suffixRoot + combining vowel + suffix

Start at the suffixStart at the suffix Logy = Study ofLogy = Study of

Then go back to the Then go back to the beginning of the beginning of the word.word. Hemat = bloodHemat = blood

Analysis Analysis (put it together)(put it together)

Study of bloodStudy of blood

Page 11: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

Word AnalysisWord Analysis

BIOLOGISTBIOLOGIST BIO/LOGISTBIO/LOGIST

RootRoot Suffix Suffix

(Life)(Life) (Specialist (Specialist in)in)

Root + suffixRoot + suffix

Start at the suffixStart at the suffix Logist = specialist in Logist = specialist in

(the study of)(the study of) Go to the beginningGo to the beginning

Bio = lifeBio = life AnalysisAnalysis

Specialist in (the Specialist in (the study of) lifestudy of) life

Page 12: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

Word AnalysisWord Analysis

CARDIOGRAMCARDIOGRAM CARDI/O/GRAMCARDI/O/GRAM

RootRoot Suffix Suffix

(heart)(heart) (record) (record) Root + suffixRoot + suffix

Start at the suffixStart at the suffix Gram = recordGram = record

Go the to beginningGo the to beginning Cardio = heartCardio = heart

AnalysisAnalysis Record of the heartRecord of the heart

Page 13: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

Word AnalysisWord Analysis

ELECTROCARDIOGRAMELECTROCARDIOGRAM ELECTRO/CARDIO/GRAMELECTRO/CARDIO/GRAM

RootRoot Root Suffix Root Suffix(electricity)(electricity) (heart) (heart)

(record)(record)

Root + root + suffixRoot + root + suffix

Start at the suffixStart at the suffix Gram = recordGram = record

Go the to Go the to beginningbeginning Electro = electricityElectro = electricity Cardio= heartCardio= heart

AnalysisAnalysis Record of the Record of the

electricity in the electricity in the heartheart

Page 14: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

Word AnalysisWord Analysis

RootsRoots Cardio = heartCardio = heart Gastro = stomachGastro = stomach Hemato = bloodHemato = blood Dermato = skinDermato = skinSuffixSuffix -logy = study of-logy = study of -logist = specialist-logist = specialist -gram = record-gram = record -ac = pertaining to-ac = pertaining to -itis = inflammation-itis = inflammation

CARDIOLOGYCARDIOLOGY CARDIO/LOGYCARDIO/LOGY Study of the heartStudy of the heart

CARDIOLOGISTCARDIOLOGIST CARDIO/LOGISTCARDIO/LOGIST Specialist in the heartSpecialist in the heart

HEMATOLOGISTHEMATOLOGIST HEMATO/LOGISTHEMATO/LOGIST Specialist in bloodSpecialist in blood

Page 15: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

Word AnalysisWord Analysis

RootsRoots Cardio = heartCardio = heart Gastro = stomachGastro = stomach Hemato = bloodHemato = blood Derma = skinDerma = skinSuffixSuffix -logy = study of-logy = study of -logist = specialist-logist = specialist -gram = record-gram = record -ac = pertaining to-ac = pertaining to -itis = inflammation-itis = inflammation

CARDIACCARDIAC CARDI/ACCARDI/AC Pertaining to the heartPertaining to the heart

What’s different?What’s different? The combining vowel is The combining vowel is

dropped when the suffix dropped when the suffix begins with a begins with a vowelvowel..

Page 16: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

Word AnalysisWord Analysis

RootsRoots Cardio = heartCardio = heart Gastro = stomachGastro = stomach Hemato = bloodHemato = blood Dermato = skinDermato = skinSuffixSuffix -logy = study of-logy = study of -logist = specialist-logist = specialist -gram = record-gram = record -ac = pertaining to-ac = pertaining to -itis = inflammation-itis = inflammation

DERMATITISDERMATITIS DERMAT/ITISDERMAT/ITIS Inflammation of the skinInflammation of the skin

Page 17: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

Word AnalysisWord Analysis

RootsRoots Cardi/o = heartCardi/o = heart Gastr/o = stomachGastr/o = stomach Hemat/o = bloodHemat/o = blood Dermat/o = skinDermat/o = skinSuffixSuffix -logy = study of-logy = study of -logist = specialist-logist = specialist -gram = record-gram = record -ac = pertaining to-ac = pertaining to -itis = inflammation-itis = inflammation

GASTRITISGASTRITIS GASTR/ITISGASTR/ITIS Inflammation of the Inflammation of the

stomachstomach

Page 18: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

Word AnalysisWord Analysis

RootsRoots Cardi/o = heartCardi/o = heart Gastr/o = stomachGastr/o = stomach Hemat/o = bloodHemat/o = blood Enter/o = intestinesEnter/o = intestinesSuffixSuffix -logy = study of-logy = study of -logist = specialist-logist = specialist -gram = record-gram = record -ac = pertaining to-ac = pertaining to -itis = inflammation-itis = inflammation

GASTROENTEROLOGYGASTROENTEROLOGY GASTR/O/ENTER/O/LOGYGASTR/O/ENTER/O/LOGY Study of the stomach and Study of the stomach and

intestinesintestines

2 root words = OK2 root words = OK 2 CV = OK2 CV = OK Between roots the Between roots the

combining vowel is combining vowel is notnot droppeddropped, even if the second , even if the second root begins with a vowel.root begins with a vowel.

Page 19: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

Word AnalysisWord Analysis

RootsRoots Electr/o = electicityElectr/o = electicity Encephal/o = brainEncephal/o = brain Gastr/o = stomachGastr/o = stomachSuffixSuffix -logy = study of-logy = study of -logist = specialist-logist = specialist -gram = record-gram = record -ac = pertaining to-ac = pertaining to -itis = inflammation-itis = inflammation

ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAMELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM ELECTR/O/ENCEPHAL/O/GRAMELECTR/O/ENCEPHAL/O/GRAM Record of the electricity in the Record of the electricity in the

brainbrain

Page 20: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

Word AnalysisWord Analysis

PrefixPrefix a word-part attached to the beginning of a word-part attached to the beginning of

the termthe term

Page 21: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

Word AnalysisWord Analysis

PrefixPrefix Brady = slowBrady = slow Tachy = fastTachy = fast

RootRoot Cardi/o = heartCardi/o = heart

SuffixSuffix -ia = condition / disease-ia = condition / disease

BRADYCARDIABRADYCARDIA BRADY/CARD/IABRADY/CARD/IA Condition of a slow Condition of a slow

heartheart

Page 22: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

Word AnalysisWord Analysis

PrefixPrefix Brady = slowBrady = slow Tachy = fastTachy = fast

RootRoot Cardi/o = heartCardi/o = heart

SuffixSuffix -ia = condition / disease-ia = condition / disease

TACHYCARDIATACHYCARDIA TACHY/CARD/IATACHY/CARD/IA Condition of a fast Condition of a fast

heartheart

Page 23: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

Word Analysis - ReviewWord Analysis - Review

Root = gives the essential meaning of the termRoot = gives the essential meaning of the term Suffix = the word endingSuffix = the word ending Prefix = a small part added to the beginning of Prefix = a small part added to the beginning of

a terma term Combining vowel = connects roots to suffixes Combining vowel = connects roots to suffixes

and roots to other rootsand roots to other roots Combining form = combination of the root and Combining form = combination of the root and

a combining vowela combining vowel

Page 24: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

Word Analysis - RulesWord Analysis - Rules

Read the meaning of medical words from Read the meaning of medical words from the suffix, then to the beginning of the the suffix, then to the beginning of the word and acrossword and across

Drop the combining vowel before a suffix Drop the combining vowel before a suffix that starts with a vowelthat starts with a vowel

Keep the combining vowel between Keep the combining vowel between roots, even if the root begins with a vowelroots, even if the root begins with a vowel

Page 25: Medical Terminology Introduction. Medical language Majority of terms are based in Latin or Greek Ex: herpes – based on the Greek work herpo meaning

ExpectationsExpectations

Every week you will be given new prefixes, Every week you will be given new prefixes, roots, or suffixes to learn. roots, or suffixes to learn.

You will need to be able to give the meaning You will need to be able to give the meaning the medical terms created from that listthe medical terms created from that list

You will need to be able to give the medical You will need to be able to give the medical term if you are given the meaningterm if you are given the meaning

Spelling is important!Spelling is important!


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