SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS

Mc.raw-Hill Books of Timely Interest

Mc jrat ill Books of Timely Iterest

SUCCESSFUL

POULTRY

MANAGEMENTBy MORLEY A. JULL

Head, Poultry Department, University of Maryland

467 pages, 6 x 9, 187 illustrationsTextbook edition, $2.50

Here is a clear, helpful treatment of all theimportant problems faced in making the poul-try enterprise a successful, paying field ofwork. It provides easy-to-find, thoroughlyusable, and concrete information, includingan abundance of facts and data drawn fromrecent research and from the practical experi-ence of poultrymen.The book presents tested methods of poultryproduction and marketing that have real mon-etary value. Among some of the importantfeatures discussed are: the kind of stock tokeep, including results secured from differentbreeds and varieties; how to improve homeflocks most readily; a new score card for judg-ing laying ability; plans and specifications forbrooding and laying houses and range shel-ters; how to keep losses from mortality andother causes down to the minimum; how tomarket eggs to best advantage; and a chartshowing the more important seasonal prob-lems of poultry management.

Chapter HeadingsI. Keeping Good Stock

II. Culling to Maintain Efficient ProductionIII. Breeding for More Efficient ProductionIV. Renewing the FlockV. Brooding and Housing the Growing StockVI. Housing the Laying FlockVSE. Providing Chickens with Good NutritionVI. Feeding for Efficient Meat and Egg

ProductionIX. Controlling Losses from Mortality and Other

CausesX. Marketing EggsXI. Marketing ChickensXII. Making a Success of the Chicken

THE TECHNICAL

SECRETARY

SERIESBy QUEENA HAZELTON

Formerly of Texas Christian University

This important new series is designed pri-marily to provide teachers and students withinstruction manuals for specialized steno-graphic and secretarial training in five fields:military, naval, medical, aviation, and engi-neering. These manuals should greatly fa-cilitate the training of those already in serviceand enable schools and colleges to speed uptheir specialized secretarial training programsto meet the insistent demand for secretaries inthose branches of service.Each of these manuals is organized as fol-lows:" (1) technical previews in Gregg short-hand; (2) appropriate solid-matter dictation,based on the previews; and (3) a completeglossary of terms. All terms are- definedfully and, where advisable, are spelled pho-netically.

THE MILITARY STENOGRAPHER140 pages, $1.00

THE NAVAL STENOGRAPHER128 pages, $1.00

THE MEDICAL AND SURGICALSECRETARY

319 pages, $2.00

TIHE AVIATION SECRETARY233 pages, $1.50

SECRETARY TO THE ENGINEER309 pages, $1.75

Send for copies on approval

McGRAW-HILL BOOK COMPANY, INC.330 West 42nd Street, New York 18, N. Y. Aldwych House, London, W.C.2

JULY- 2, 1943~ 9

SCIENCE-SUPPLEMENT VoL. 98, No. 2531

SCIENCE NEWSScience Service, Washington, D. C.

FOOD PLANTS OF THE SOUTHPACIFIC AREA

FINDING food enough in the jungle should become less

of a problem for our fighters in the Pacific theater of

war: introductions to a large variety of edible plantshave now been arranged by one of the world's leading

botanists, Dr. E. D. Merrill, of Harvard University,through a new technical manual of the War Department,entitled "Emergency and Poisonous Plants of the Islandsof the Pacific.Y"The handbook is small (pocket-size, and only 149

pages), but it is complete, thorough and practical. Alarge proportion of the species described are also pie-tured; there are 113 simple but adequate pen-and-inkdrawings. Names are given first in English, then thebotanist's Latin for positive identification, then nativenames in anywhere up to 20 or 30 local dialects, just incase you have a chance to ask a brown neighbor any

questions.Divisions are along strictly practical lines: plants with

edible leaves and stems, with fleshy tubers or roots, withgood fruits, with edible seeds. Some are not native tothe jungle, but may be found where gardens once havebeen, or "gone native." The latter group include suchfamiliar American species as peanuts, lima beans andsmall wild tomatoes.

There is a short special section of plants used to stupefyfish, which includes the derris which has become a stand-ard source of insect sprays. Another brief section is de-voted to ferns, all of which are given a clean bill of healthso far as danger from poison is concerned. The tree fernscan yield tasty and nutritious "ceabbages '-their ter-minal buds. Similar "ceabbages" can be obtained frommany kinds of palms.

The rather numerous tribe of the aroids, identifiableby their "elephant-ear" leaves, some of them very large,include the taros, staple food source for thousands ofdark islanders, but reputed to be poisonous to the unini-tiated. They are not really poisonous, but they do containmyriads of sharp-pointed microscopic crystals, which can

cause extreme irritation to the lining of the digestivetract. These can be eliminated by thorough cooking, afterwhich the plants become one of the best sources of emer-

gency food.Unnecessary fears are often entertained about the

"poisonous" character of the tropics. Dr. Merrill lists

only half-a-dozen plant species as poisonous, among them

the familiar castor-bean. He states also that the chances

of getting bitten by a venomous serpent in the tropicaljungle- is rather less than that of being struck by a. rattle-

snake right here at home in the United States. Insects

and other creeping things are really more troublesome-

and more dangerous.Dr. Merrill is in position to speak as one having au-

thority. He was in active botanical work in the Philip-pines for more than twenty years, with a number of expe-ditions into other tropical lands. At present, besides

being professor of botany at Harvard, he is supervisorof the university's great collection of living trees, theArnold Arboretum.

Although the book was prepared specifically for theuse of the armed forces in the field, it can be obtained byany one from Superintendent of Public Documents,Washington, D. C., for 15 cents per copy.

FOOD SHORTAGE IN AMERICAFOOD shortage may become a permanent, gaunt, un-

welcome guest at the American table, instead of the fleet-ing specter it is now considered to be, if bad farmingpractices of the past are projected into the future. Suchwas the warning of Louis Bromfield, novelist-agricultur-alist and vice-president of Friends of the Land, before a

meeting in Tar Hollow, Ohio, of the second annual Con-ference on Conservation, Nutrition and Human Health.Farms increase in size and diminish in number from

decade to decade, Mr. Bromfield pointed out, deploringthe passing of the small farmer with his family-sizedfarm. Factory methods on the farm, especially the prac-

tice of concentrating on the production of a single cashcrop over wide sections, the speaker regarded as especiallypernicious.

Mr. Bromfield also pointed out our national failure toreplace our forests as fast as they are being depleted:"This was largely a forest country and for more than a

hundred years we have been cutting down forests reck-lessly, until now even the worst offenders, the lumber andpaper-pulp industries, are alarmed over the fact that ina few more years their supply of raw material will largelyhave vanished. And this at a time when the uses of woodare supplanting metals, wool and other fundamentals toa degree which establishes what might be called a 'woodeconomy. '

"Worst of all, little effort has been made to restoreour forests. We have only to look at Europe to realize

the vital importance of trees, not only to peace but to

wartime economy. . . . Forests require lifetimes to grow.They are not made over night. "-FRANK THONE.

INTER-AMERICAN STANDARDS FORGOODS OF COMMERCE

How the good neighbor policy is being extended todevelop inter-American standards for the goods of every-

day life was pointed out at the annual meeting of theAmerican Institute of Electrical Engineers by AlbertoMagno-Rodrigues, of the American Standards Associa-

tion.The metric system of measurement, using centimeters

and grams instead of inches and ounces, has been one of

the biggest obstacles in adopting mutual standards be-

tween countries. Germans and other Europeans who use

the metric system along with the Latin-Americans have

long capitalized on this advantage.Mass production, which makes standardization so valu-

able, now reduces the importance of the unit of measure-

10

JULY 2, 1943 SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS 11

|Announcing BOOK

HECTOR, LEIN and SCOUTEN]Electronic Physicsl

Written to meet today's urgent need for a beginner's text presenting a clear,well integrated and modern study of the principles of electronic physics, this newtext merits consideration of teachers because:Its style and plan is new.It was conceived by active teachers thoroughly acquainted with the subject and the problems

to be solved.The style is based on the assumption that its readers, although beginners, are interested in

the way nature behaves.Historical presentation is used only where it appears easier for the-student and reasonably

accurate for a modern perspective.All electrical phenomena are presented from the electron-proton point of view. Even mag-

netism is described in terms of moving electric charges.

Ordinary light, wireless and x-rays are shown to be closely related and to be various aspectsof electrical phenomena.

Photo-electricity and electron tubes are presented as a unified part of the entire subject.The electrical nature of atoms of all elements is constantly used in the explanations through-

out the text; the student is thereby enabled to promptly follow the phenomena ofradioactivity and modern transmutation presented in the closing chapters of the book.

Each chapter is introduced by a brief preview of its contents and purposes. At the end ofeach chapter, the principal ideas are listed and the central thought is summarized.

Problems are presented in graded groups-a group for all students, a group for advancedstudents, and a third group consisting of a list for experimental work to be carried outin the laboratory or in the home.

Color is abundantly used in the illustrations. Pertinent features of the drawings are printedin red and the material parts in black. The treatment and execution of illustrations areoutstanding pedagogical aids.

By L. Grant Hector, Herbert S. Lein and Clifford E. Scouten.Probable Price $4.00 (July, 1943)

THE BLAKISTON COMPANY PHILADELPHIA 5,-~~~~~~~~~~~PNA

AtNewBLAKISTON

JULY 2, 1943 SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS 11

12 SCIENCE-SE

ment as compared with the specified size of the product.This makes the "go " and "not go " type of gauge popu-lar over the inspector 's scale and micrometer formerlyused. The acceptance of the 25.4 ratio for the conversionof the inch to millimeters is also helping to pave the wayfor better understanding between the groups of nationswho use different systems of weights and measures.An Inter-American Department of the American Stand-

ards Association has been formed which is now conductinga survey among South American standardization groupsand business men.

This country's experience in formulating standards forthe goods of commerce is being used by a committee ofChinese technical men now in this country. They are for-mulating standards with an eye on the postwar period aspart of a study of the economic rehabilitation of China.More active cooperation with Mexico is also developing

since a Department of National Standards was formedout of the old Department of Weights and Measures.

In Peru a project is under way to establish an officialstandardizing body for the first time. Chile expects tohave a similar group in the near future, either sponsoredby the engineers or under government support.

A STATIC NEUTRALIZERTHAT static has finally been exorcised was announced

at the dedicatory exercises opening the new GoodyearResearch Laboratory at Akron, Ohio. A new device,developed by Goodyear engineers and officially christenedthe radio static neutralizer, eliminates the disturbingatmospherics caused by lightning flashes and sparks frompowerful electrical apparatus, that cause such annoyingcrashes and sputterings in radio programs and manifestthemselves by black spots and streaks on radio-transmittedpictures.The static neutralizer will be used for the present by

the armed forces in improving communications betweenplanes, ships, tanks and ground stations, in bettering theperformance of radar, and in securing clearer transmis-sion of military maps and reconnaissance photographs.After the war it will become available for use on civilianradio sets.The neutralizer makes use of small electronic tubes,

which are automatically adjusted to each radio signal,whether weak or strong. They discriminate betweenstatic and the desired signal, and automatically control theamount of static energy that can pass through the radioset. It also gets rid of static on the same frequency as

the incoming signal, by means of a circuit that uses theenergy of the static to build up an electronic current ofopposite sign. This current then neutralizes the static so

that it has no effect on the signal.-FANK THONE.

ITEMSPENICILLIN, the potent germ-fighter from mold, is "far

superior" to the sulfa drugs in the treatment of gasgangrene, one of the most serious complications of war

wounds, Dr. Lucile R. Hac and Dr. Agnes C. Hubert, ofthe University of Chicago and the Chicago Lying-In Hos-pital, report to the Society for Experimental Biology andMedicine. Their report is based on laboratory experi-

TPPLEMENT VOL. 98, No. 2531

ments with mice and guinea pigs infected with Clostridiumwelchii, the germ most frequently found in cases of gasgangrene. A single injection under the skin of 50 Floreyunits of penicillin given at the time the gas gangrenegerms were inoculated into the mice protected 98 per cent.of the animals. Repeated small doses gave as good pro-tection as single large doses. Delay in treatment lowersthe survival rate, but not appreciably unless the delay isover three hours.

MOBILE housing is proving particularly useful wherenew war industries have been built, No ghost town willbe left after the war, however, for the entire communitycan be folded up and moved elsewhere. Mobile housesfor one and two families, such as those produced by thePalace Travel Coach Corporation, are even now beingused to help alleviate the housing shortage. Some of thehomes have four rooms. Already over 500 of the two-family units alone have been set up in a center near theWillow Run bomber plant. Utility units have been devel-oped so that when the need for housing in a particularcommunity has ended, they may be transferred to anotherlocation. These units consist of bath and toilet, laundryand office units. They are designed to accommodatefrom thirty-five families to an entire mobile community.Still in the experimental stage are houses to consist offive rooms, bath and reception hall. These houses,equipped with folding wings, ceilings and floors, are socompact that they can be hauled over the highways bytruck trailers. Mobile houses at present are availableonly to war industries.

A NEW line of attack on malaria was predicted by Dr.W. MeDowell Hammon, of the Medical School of theUniversity of California, at the meeting of the NorthernCalifornia Public Health Association. The new attackwill probably aim at stopping the disease during the sixdays between the bite of the infected mosquito and theappearance of the malaria trophozoites in the red bloodcells. This six-day period represents a stage in the cycleof malaria germs which scientists have only recentlystudied. Treatment heretofore has been aimed at thegerms after they are seen in the blood stream. Studiesof malaria in birds, however, show that the malaria germsdevelop in the reticulo-endothelial cells of the spleen, bonemarrow and capillaries of the brain before they enter theblood cells. Although future research will probably bedirected toward stopping the infection at this early stage,Dr. Hammon stated that "at present we must depend on

mosquito repellants and larvae control. We must not re-

lax our vigilance or our mosquito abatement budgets."

THE electrolytic process now employed in making tincans will continue in use after the war, was reported byDr. Charles Olin Ball, technical director of the Owens-Illinois Can Company, at the St. Louis meeting of theInstitute of Food Technologists. This revolutionarychange in the process was evolved because of the neces-

sity of conserving tin, but is more efficient, m economi-cal, and produces a better quality can than the old hotdip method.

17

JULY 2, 1943 SCIENCE-ADVERTISkIMENTS 13

THE AUTOTECHNICON

U. Patent No. 21,157,875 and Other Patents Pending

THE. TECHNICON CO. NwYr

GARCEAU ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHSA.C. Operated No, Batteries

Inkless Writing Require no ShieldingShipped Ready to Run Prompt Delivery

THE JUNIOR GARCEAU

ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPH

A simplified inexpensive instrument for recording electrical

Built-in interference eliminators

aywhre.Inkless records-no photographyrequired. Instantaneous localization

with any 2 ofte 10 provided leads.

All Garceatt Electroceneephalographs operate en-

tirely from the 115 volts, 50 or 60 cycle power, lines.

ELECTRO-MEDICAL LABORATORY9, INC.

HOLLISTON9, MASSACHUSETTS, U. S. A.

EconoKleen

PLASTIC COVERSLIPS1/4 the price of glass

PRICES PER THOUSANDNo.1 No.2.005" .0075"thick thick

22 mm round ... ..... $3.00 $3.5022 x 22 mm ... ..... 2.53 3.0022x30 mm ... ..... 4.00 4.5022x40 mm........ 4.50 5.0524 x 40 mm ............ 4.75 5.30

ANY OTHER SIZE AVAILABLE PRICEDIN PROPORTION

CHARLES F. HUBBS & COMPANY389 Lafayette St., N. Y. 3, N. Y.

13JULY 2, 1943 SCIENCE-ADVERTISRMENTS

New York

14SINEAVRIEENSVL 8 o23

THE MOST"PRECISE"ARTICLE

MAN UFACTUREDIN QUANTITYANYWHERE

Illustrated above is a roof prism,the most accurate of all opticalparts, used in military instrumentsfor our armed forces.

Roof prisms are being made bya number of manufacturers by-methods first developed at ThePerkin-Elmer Corporation, andgladly shared in the interest ofwinning the war.

* . . 0**@*. C

I

LAMOTTE pH BLOCK COMPARATORPortable-Conven lent-Inexpensive

This compact LaMotte Outfit greatly facilitatessimple, accurate Hydrogen Ion Measurements.Complete with any one set of LaMotte PermanentColor Standards, together with a supply of the cor-responding indicator solution and marked testtubes. Even with highly colored or turbid solu-tions determinations can be made with accuracy.Full illustrations accompany each unit. Complete,f.o.b. Towson, Baltimore, $12.50.LaMOTTE SERVICE IS A COMPLETE SERVICEpH Control . . . Boiler Feed Water Control,Chlorine Control . . . Soil Testing,Blood, Urine, and Water Analysis, etc.

All units developed by LaMotte Research Depart-ment in cooperation with authorities in these fields.LaMotte outfits are standardized, accurate and easyto operate. Write for further information on thesubject in which you are interested.

LaMotte Chemical Products Co.Dept. "H"1 Towson, Baltimore, Md.

No. 10 AnalytIcal Balance

HENRY TROEMNERThe Standard of Excellence for 102 years.

Manufacturer of the highest grade Analytical,Assay and Pulp Balances and Weights of Pre-cision.

Catalog 1929S

911 Arch Street

Philadelphia, Pa.

14 SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS VoL. 98, No. 2531

SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS

Determination of Ncotin Acidin Plant Material

REAGENTS p-Aminoacetophenone; Cyanogen Bromide

METHOD-ColorimetricREFERENCE-Hale, Davis, and Baldwin, J. Biol. Chem., 146: 553 (1942)

E xtraction and hydrolytic technics are used to eliminatenon-specific reactions encountered in the chemical determination of nicotinic

acid in plants. After the removal of interfering reactions, a modified Kodicekprocedure using p-aminoacetophenone and cyanogen bromide is employed.Excellent agreement is obtained with microbiological assay methods for awide variety of plant materials containing from two to more than twenty-five milligrams per cent of nicotinic acid. The reagents are available as East-man 631 p-Aminoacetophenone, MP 104-105° and 919 Cyanogen Bromide.

Write for an abstract of the article in which the colorimetric determina-tion of nicotinic acid in plant material with these reagents is described.Eastman Kodak Company, Chemical Sales Division, Rochester, N. Y.

[ []TThere are more than 3400

EASTMAN ORGANIC CHEMICALS IKODAK

Zenker Fixed Tissues Reported Routinely Within 24 Hours From the Time the FreshTissues Are Received In the Laboratory Method*

Fixation Zenker's Fluid 4 hoursWashing Water 1 hourDehydration 70 per cent Alcohol 1/2 hour

80 per cent Alcohol 1/2 hour95 per cent Alcohol 1 hour95 per cent Alcohol 1 hour100 per cent Alcohol 1 hour100 pei cent Alcohol 1 hour

Clearing Chloroform or Xylol 1 hourChl. or Xylol and Paraffiln 1 hour

Impregnation Paraffin No. 1 2 hoursParaffin No. 2 2 hours

The above method for preparing tissues for sectioning is now used extensively. The whole process isaccomplished by means of the AUTOTECHNICON from 5 P.M. to 9 A.M. daily.* A complete booklet of methods for preparing tissues for sectioning as used in pathological laboratories on

request.

TECHNICON CO.NEW YORK - N. Y.

JULY 2, 1943 15

16 SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS VOL. 98, No. 2531

Bacterologist at City of Pittsburgh Department of Public Health LaboratoesLocated in the new Municipal Hospital

Healthy Production Soldiers!Enlisting the skills for wartime pro-

duction is only the beginning. Keepingthe production soldiers healthy is anabsolute requisite to victory.

Public health laboratories are aidingin this fight and the microscope is play-ing a vital part in the identification ofmicro-organisms which cause disease.

Today, this crusade is resulting infewer hours lost by illness-in betterpublic health.

Spencer Microscopes,Microtomes andrelated instruments are serving this causein laboratories throughout the world.

Spencer LENS COMPANYBUFFALO, NEW YORK

SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT DIVISION OFAMERICAN OPTICAL COMPANY

16 SCIENCE-ADVERTISEMENTS VOL. 98, NO. 2531