MATTER &

CHANGE

Matter Definition Anything that has mass and takes

up space (has volume) Matter is made up of atoms.

Example: Phase Changes

Physical Change

A change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance.

Other Physical Changes

Reversible Boil Freeze Melt Condense

IrreversibleBreakSplitCutCrush

Physical changes can be classified as reversible or irreversible.

STATES OF MATTER

States of Matter Solid

definite volume definite shape not easily compressed particles packed in fixed

positions

Solid Copper

V1 Solid Videos: Video 1

SolidsVideo 2 V2 Structure of ice

States of Matter

Liquid definite volume indefinite shape not easily compressed particles close together, but not in

fixed positions

Characteristics of Liquids

Flow - takes the shape of its container

Definite volume - intermolecular attractions keep particles close together

V3 Video 3 Liquid

States of Matter

Gas indefinite volume indefinite shape easily compressed particles are at great distances

from one another Vapor: describes the gaseous

state of a substance that is generally a liquid or solid at room temperature. (ex: water vapor)

Characteristics of Gases

Expand to fill container random motion, no

attraction Are fluid (like liquids)

no attraction Very low densities.

Characteristics of Gases Can be compressed

Almost no volume = lots of empty space

Flow Undergo diffusion

V4 Gas State Video 4

States of Matter

States of Matter

Phase Changes

Melting Point (Freezing): The temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid OR a liquid changes to a solid

Boiling Point: The temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas OR a gas changes to a liquid.

Sublime: When a substance changes from a solid phase directly to a gas phase without becoming liquid - example, CO2

V5 Evaporation & Condensation

Phase Change – Condensation -- Gas to LiquidEvaporation – Liquid to gas

Vaporization Vaporization - the conversion of a liquid

to a gas or vapor Evaporation - vaporization when a liquid

is NOT boiling Vapor Pressure - force exerted by a gas

above a liquid

Vaporization vs. Condensation

How does temperature affect vapor pressure?

N2

What’s the Boiling Point?

Phase Changes

Boiling & Melting points Every substance has a unique boiling

& melting .

Different Physical Properties of MatterHelium Sulfur hexafluoride Density = 0.1786 g/ l Melting point = -

272.20 C Boiling Point =-

268.93 C Gas at room

temperature

Density =6.17 g/ L Melting Point =-78C Boiling Point = -64 CGas at room temperature

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=52UAEQfMTtU

Physical Properties table

1. What substance(s) is a gas at 0 °C?

2. What substance(s) is a solid at 100°C?

Physical Properties table

What substances is a solid at -125 ° C?