March 17, 2014 Introduction to organizational patterns in informational text H omework: I READY! Objective: I can recognize organizational patterns and text features of informational texts. Warm Up (in your composition book) Copy your objective into you comp book. Turn to pg. 892 in your Lit book. Look up the definition for PATTERN OF ORGANIZATION IN THE BLUE SECTION of your Lit. book and copy down the definition. Pattern of Organization the way ideas and information are arranged and organized. Examples of patterns of organization include: ch ronological order cause and effect compare and contrast problem / solution I am going to assign each of you a number. Your number corresponds to one of the following sections on pgs. R9-R13. You need to take notes on your assigned section. Later, you will work in groups to jigsaw and present this information. chronological order #1 cause and effect #2 compare and contrast #3 problem / solution #4 Take notes on all sections - definition, examples of this type of pattern of organization, strategies for reading, read the passage and then answer the Practice and Apply questions. So now you will get together in groups with other people that had your same number. You will need to compare notes to make sure everyone has the same answers, and then you will assign each person a role to write and present: definition of your pattern of organization examples of this type of pattern of organization strategies for reading someone will read the passage out loud someone will answer the practice and apply questions Chronological order: Definition the arrangement of events in the order in which they happen. short stories novels auto / biographies uses words like before, after, next, later and time words such as the next morning, Friday or a specific date. Chronological order: Examples Chronological order: strategies for reading look for sub / headings that may indicate c.o. such as Early Life or Later Years look for words that identify times - in a year, 3 weeks later look for words that signal order - first, then, during a paragraph with c.o. will have several time order words ask yourself: Are the events in time order? Chronological order: practice and apply 1. List at least 4 words or phrases in the last three paragraphs that indicate time order. 2. List all the events in Confucius life that are mentioned in the model. 3. Create a timeline, beginning with Confucius' birth and ending in 479 B.C. that shows all the events you listed for question 2. Cause and effect: Definition a pattern of organization that shows the relationships between events, ideas and trends. Cause and effect: Examples historical and scientific writings Cause and effect relationships may have many forms One cause one effect One cause multiple effects Multiple causes single effect A chain of causes and effects Cause and effect: strategies for reading look for sub / headings that may indicate c and e such as Effects of Food Allergies to find the effect(s), read to answer the question "What happened?" to find the cause(s), read to answer the question "Why did it happen?" look for words that help you identify relationships between events such as because, since, as a result do not assume that an earlier event automatically caused a later one use graphic organizers, such as diagrams Cause and effect: practice and apply 1. Make a graphic organizer like the sample illustrated on pg. R10 to show the chain of causes and effects described in the text. 2. List three words or phrases that the writer uses to signal cause-effect relationships in the last two paragraphs. Compare and contrast: Definition a pattern of organization that provides a way to look at similarities and differences in two or more subjects. Compare and contrast: Examples Points of comparison - important points or characteristics of two or more subjects. point by point organization - subject by subject organization - the writer covers all points of comparison for one subject then all points of comparison for the next subject the writer discusses one point of comparison for both subjects, then goes on to the next point A compare and contrast pattern of organization can be developed in either of these two ways: Compare and contrast: strategies for reading look for sub / headings that may indicate c and c such as Plants Share Many Characteristics to find similarities, look for words such as like, similarly, both, all to find differences, look for words such as unlike, but, on the other hand use a Venn Diagram or another kind of graphic organizer Subject 1 Subject 2 Both Subject 1Subject 2 Point 1 Point 2 Point 3 Compare and contrast: practice and apply 1. Which model is organized by subject? Which model is organized by points of comparison? 2. Identify two words in each model that signal a compare and contrast pattern of organization. 3. List two points that the writer of each model compares and contrasts. 4. For one of the two models, use a Venn Diagram or a Compare and Contrast chart to identify two or more points of comparison and the similarities and differences shown. Problem-Solution: Definition a pattern of organization in which a problem is stated and analyzed and then one or more solutions are proposed and examined. Problem-Solution Order: Examples persuasive writing such as editorials and proposals Problem-solution: strategies for reading look for an explanation of the problem in the first or second paragraph look for words such as problem and reason to find the solution, ask: What suggestion does the writer offer to the problem? look for words such as propose, conclude and answer that may signal a solution Problem-solution order: practice and apply 1. According to the model, what is the cause of the problem? 2. What solution does the writer offer? What words are the clue? Part 1: Organizational Patterns Food Ad Tricks 1. Texts that explain are called _________________________ 2. Authors use _____________, or ______________________ to develop main ideas and express viewpoints. 3. A ____________________, organizational pattern states a problem and provides a successful solution. 4. The ____________________ tells you the topic of the article. 5. The ____________________ is presented as a problem and a solution. 6. The problem solution organizational pattern develops ______________________________________ ____________ 7. A ______________________ provides more information. Model: Organizational Patterns Swimmers Beware: Jellyfish Are Everywhere! 1. Recall that expository texts are texts that explain. What does the writer explain in lines 1- 5? 2. Reread the boxed text. The cause and effect organizational pattern shows how one event brings about, or causes another. Why is this organizational pattern appropriate for explaining how jellysfish use their tentacles? 3. What problem does the section labeled "Don't Get Stung" address? 4. Lists are often used to sort in an organizational pattern called classification. What information about the different kinds of jellyfish does the list in lines provide? Part 2: Summarizing Informational Texts 1. When you summarize a text, you ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ___________ 2. It is especially useful to create summaries of informational texts when _____________________ _________________________ 3. Try to maintain the _________________________ when you summarize across texts. 4. A summary is _____________ than the original text. 5. The most important points in a nonfiction summary are _________________________ and ______________________. 6. To find the main idea and the details, ___________________ _________________________ _________________________. 7. A summary should only include _________________________. 8. A summary should not include _________________________. Model: Summary A Summary of "Swimmers Beware: Jellyfish Are Everywhere!" Main idea Supporting detail 1. Where do you find the main idea of the article? 2. Reread the sentence in line 7. Should this detail be included in the summary? How does this detail support the main idea? 3. Reread the boxed text. Why should this sentence not be included in a good summary? Part 3: Analyze the Text Hurricane Hunters 1. Where is the eye of a hurricane located? Explain whether you would include this detail in a summary of an article. 2. Reread lines What is the main idea of this section? Find at least two details in these lines that support this idea. 3. Which of the supporting details from lines 8-18 would you include in a summary of the article? Which details would you omit? 4. Reread lines 19-28, noting the subheading and the three boxed details. What is the main idea of this section? Homework: Have a great weekend! :)