Maps

Latitude and Longitude

Objectives:

• To know the difference between latitude and longitude

• To learn how to plot latitude and longitude coordinates

Latitude and Longitude

• The earth is divided into lots of lines called latitude & longitude

Latitude

LatitudeLon

git

ud

e

Lon

git

ud

e

Latitude Lines• Latitude lines run east and west. • The lines run parallel to each other and

measure distances in degrees.• The equator is at 0 degrees

Latitude

Latitude

Equator

Equator

• The equator is at 0 degrees latitude

• All latitude lines run parallel to the equator either north or south

What are latitude lines?

Lines that run _____to west and are parallel to the equator

The equator is at 0°

AnswerBankNorthSouthEastwest

Latitude

Latitude

Longitude Lines

• Longitude lines run north and south.

• The lines also run parallel to each other and measure distances in degrees.

• The prime meridian is at 0 degrees

Lon

git

ud

e

Lon

git

ud

e

Pri

me M

eri

dia

n

Prime Meridian

• The prime meridian is 0 degrees longitude. This imaginary line runs through the United Kingdom, France, Spain, western Africa, and Antarctica.

• All longitude lines run parallel to the prime meridian

What are Longitude lines?

Lines that run North to _____parallel to the prime meridian

The prime meridian is at 0°

AnswerBankNorthSouthEastwest

Lon

git

ud

e

Lon

git

ud

e

Hemispheres

• By using the equator and prime meridian, we can divide the world into four hemispheres, north, south, east, and west.

N

SW E

NW

SW

NE

SE

What are Hemispheres?

• _____ division of the earth that are divided up into the northwest, northeast, southwest, and southeast sections

AnswerBankNorthSouthEast

4

Lat= 20 degrees SouthLong = 140 degrees East

Lat= 40 degrees NorthLong = 120 degrees West

What is the latitude & longitude for:-Sacramento California

-Darwin Australia

Lat= 10 degrees SouthLong = 70 degrees West

Lat= 30 degrees NorthLong = 80 degrees East

What is the latitude & longitude for:-Mount Everest

-Lima Peru

Summarize:

• What is the difference between latitude and longitude?

• What are the 4 hemispheres of the earth?

• The__________ runs 0 degrees east to west

• The__________ runs 0 degrees north to south

Topic: Topographic maps

• Objectives:

• To learn about topographic maps

• To learn mapping basics, such as contour lines and intervals

• To learn contour rules

Topographic Maps

• Topography is the shape of the land

• A topographic map shows the shape

of the Earth’s surface by using

contour lines.

What is a Topographic Map?

• Topography is the shape of the land

• A topographic map shows the _____ of the Earth’s surface by using contour lines.

AnswerBank

UpstreamEqualSide

ShapeCircles steep

Every Where on the contour line, The elevation is 400 meters

Contour Lines

Contour Lines are imaginary lines that join points of equal elevation above or below sea level.

Every Where on the contour line, The elevation is 400 meters

What are Contour Lines?

Contour Lines are imaginary lines that join points of _____elevation above or below sea level.

AnswerBank

UpstreamEqualSide

ShapeCircles steep

Contour Interval

• The Contour Interval is the difference in elevation between one contour line and the next.

• Can you figure out the contour interval on the map to the right?

What are the elevations indicated by the letters on the map below?

• Contour interval – 20 meters (m)

• Contour Interval =• A =• B = • C = • D =

740ft700ft

820ft770ft

20ft

What is the Contour Interval?

• The Contour Interval is the difference in ____ between one contour line and the next. 100 meters between

800 & 7005 contour lines

100/5= contour intervalContour interval = 20 meters

Contour Interval = 20 meters

Contour LinesAnswer

BankUpstreamelevation

SideShapeCircles steep

PROFILE

• A profile shows a side view from a flat topographic map.

BA

AnswerBank

UpstreamEqualSide

ShapeCircles steep

What is a PROFILE?• A ____ view

from a flat topographic map.

Contour Mapping Rules

• In order to make a contour map, there are rules we first must understand.

• These rules will help us determine the topography and shape of the land

Contour Mapping Rules

1. Hills and depressions are represented by circles. Hachure Lines are used to show depressions.

Hill Depression

Contour Mapping Rules

2. Contour lines never cross.

Contour Mapping Rules

3. When contour lines meet a river or a stream they form a “V” that points upstream.

“V’s” Point upstream

4. Contour Lines close together = steep slopes

Contour Lines far apart = flat gentle slopes

BA

BA

Contour Mapping Rules

Changing from top to side

The closer the lines, the steeper the terrain

The farther apart the lines, the flatter the terrain

What are the contour map rules?

• Hills and depressions are represented by _____. Hachure Lines show depressions

• Contour lines never cross!!!!• Contour lines that cross a river form a “V”

that points_____• Contour Lines close together = ____

slopes • Contour Lines far apart = flat areas

AnswerBank

UpstreamEqualSide

ShapeCircles steep

Summarize:

• Contour ____ is the difference in elevation between one contour line and the next.

• Hills are represented by _____• Contour Lines close together = ___slopes • Contour Lines farther apart = ___ areas• Contour lines make “V’s” that point ______

when they cross a river

AnswerBank

CirclesFlat

upstreamIntervalsteeplines

Topic: California Hazard Maps

• Objectives:– I will know the unique geologic provinces of

California– I will be able to analyze and interpret

California hazard maps – I will be able to identify which areas of

California are prone to earthquakes, floods, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions

California Provinces• A province is a

space or piece of land that has similar geologic features

• California is subdivided into 11 unique provinces

California Provinces

• The 11 provinces are:• Coast Range• Klamath Mountains• Transverse Range• Cascade Range• Great Valley• Peninsular Range• Modoc Plateau• Sierra Nevada• Basin and Range• Mojave Desert• Colorado Desert

What are the 11 CaliforniaProvinces?

• Coast Range• Klamath Mountains• Transverse Range• Cascade Range• Great _____• Peninsular Range• Modoc Plateau• Sierra _____• Basin and Range• Mojave Desert• Colorado Desert

AnswerBank

SouthernMountainous

NevadaFlooding

Valleygeothermal

Earthquakes• Earthquakes

happen mostly in areas active faulting

• The San Andreas Fault is the plate Boundary between the Pacific plate and North American Plate

San Andreas Fault

Earthquakes

San Andreas Fault

• The map to the left shows earthquake activity within the last week

• The second map is an earthquake hazard map

• The coast province is the most affected by earthquakes

Where do Earthquakes occur?

• Near the San Andreas Fault

• Provinces affected by earthquakes include the coast range, transverse, and peninsular range

Tsunamis• Any coastal

province in California can be hit by tsunamis

• This includes the coast range, Transverse range and peninsular range

Where doTsunamisOccur?• In provinces

along the California_____

• Ex: coast range, Transverse range and peninsular range

AnswerBank

SouthernMountainous

coastNevada

FloodingValley

geothermal

Landslides

• Landslides occur in mountainous provinces where loose soil or rock slides downhill

• Landslides can also be triggered by excessive rainfall

Floods

• Foods occur in low lying provinces

• These are areas with flat land, rivers and rainfall (areas in green)

• The great valley is subjected to floods

Where do Floods & Landslides Occur?

• Floods occur in low lying flat provinces such as the great valley

• Because we live in the great valley our greatest threat is_____

• Landslides occur in _______ (high elevation) provinces such as the coast range provinces

AnswerBank

SouthernMountainous

NevadaFlooding

Valleygeothermal

Volcanoes

• Active Volcanoes• Such as Lassen

and Shasta occur in the Cascade range Province

• These volcanoes form by two converging plates

Volcanoes• Geothermal

energy is clean energy we get from heat inside the earth

• It is renewable (doesn’t run out) and doesn’t pollute our air & water

• In the cascade provinces which was offset from a converging plate boundary

• ______ energy is a clean renewable energy source we use

Where do Volcanoes Occur?

AnswerBank

SouthernMountainous

NevadaFlooding

Valleygeothermal

Rainfall• Northern

California provinces receives much more rain fall

• In fact, most of southern California provinces are classified as deserts!!!

Rainfall• Most of

California’s population lives in Southern California

• With little rivers or little rainfall, where do the people get their water from?

• Answer: California Aqueduct system

Rainfall• The aqueduct

system delivers water from northern California provinces to southern California provinces

What part of California

receives the most rain fall?

• Northern California

• As a result, the aqueduct system transfers water to ______ California

AnswerBank

SouthernMountainous

NevadaFlooding

Valleygeothermal

Summarize:

• _______ energy is clean renewable energy from volcanoes that does not pollute

• The purpose of the ______ system is to transfer water to dry southern California cities

• We live in the great valley province which is prone to _________

AnswerBank

Aqueductfloods

geothermal