Technical reference manualLine distance protection IED REL 670 ANSI

from ABBInnovation

Copyright 2007 ABB. All rights reserved.

Technical reference manualLine distance protection IED

REL 670

About this manualDocument No: 1MRK 506 275-UUS

Issued: March 2007Product version: 1.1

Revision:

COPYRIGHT

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Contents

PageChapter

Chapter 1 Introduction ..................................................................... 1

Introduction to the technical reference manual.................................... 2About the complete set of manuals for an IED ............................... 2About the technical reference manual ............................................ 3Design of the Technical reference manual (TRM).......................... 4

Introduction................................................................................ 4Principle of operation................................................................. 4Input and output signals ............................................................ 7Function block ........................................................................... 7Setting parameters .................................................................... 7Technical data ........................................................................... 7

Intended audience .......................................................................... 7General...................................................................................... 7Requirements ............................................................................ 8

Related documents......................................................................... 8Revision notes ................................................................................ 9

Chapter 2 Local human-machine interface .................................. 11

Medium size graphic HMI .................................................................. 12Design .......................................................................................... 12

Keypad............................................................................................... 17LHMI related functions....................................................................... 19

Introduction................................................................................... 19General setting parameters .......................................................... 19Status indication LEDs ................................................................. 19

Design ..................................................................................... 19Function block ......................................................................... 20Input and output signals .......................................................... 20

Indication LEDs ............................................................................ 20Introduction.............................................................................. 20Design ..................................................................................... 21Function block ......................................................................... 28Input and output signals .......................................................... 28Setting parameters .................................................................. 29

Chapter 3 Basic IED functions ...................................................... 33

Analog inputs ..................................................................................... 34Introduction................................................................................... 34Principle of operation.................................................................... 34Function block .............................................................................. 35Output signals............................................................................... 36Setting parameters ....................................................................... 38

Contents

Authorization...................................................................................... 44Authorization handling in the tool.................................................. 44Authorization handling in the IED ................................................. 50

Self supervision with internal event list .............................................. 51Introduction ................................................................................... 51Principle of operation .................................................................... 51

Internal signals ........................................................................ 52Run-time model ....................................................................... 54

Function block............................................................................... 56Output signals............................................................................... 56Setting parameters ....................................................................... 56Technical data .............................................................................. 56

Time synchronization......................................................................... 57Introduction ................................................................................... 57Principle of operation .................................................................... 57

General concepts .................................................................... 57Real Time Clock (RTC) operation............................................ 58Synchronization alternatives.................................................... 59

Function block............................................................................... 62Output signals............................................................................... 62Setting parameters ....................................................................... 62Technical data .............................................................................. 65

Parameter setting groups .................................................................. 66Introduction ................................................................................... 66Principle of operation .................................................................... 66Function block............................................................................... 67Input and output signals................................................................ 68Setting parameters ....................................................................... 68

Test mode functionality ...................................................................... 70Introduction ................................................................................... 70Principle of operation .................................................................... 70Function block............................................................................... 71Input and output signals................................................................ 71Setting parameters ....................................................................... 72

IED identifiers .................................................................................... 73Introduction ................................................................................... 73Setting parameters ....................................................................... 73

Signal matrix for binary inputs (SMBI) ............................................... 74Introduction ................................................................................... 74Principle of operation .................................................................... 74Function block............................................................................... 74Input and output signals................................................................ 74

Signal matrix for binary outputs (SMBO) ........................................... 76Introduction ................................................................................... 76Principle of operation .................................................................... 76Function block............................................................................... 76Input and output signals................................................................ 76

Signal matrix for mA inputs (SMMI) ................................................... 78Introduction ................................................................................... 78Principle of operation .................................................................... 78Function block............................................................................... 78Input and output signals................................................................ 78

Signal matrix for analog inputs (SMAI) .............................................. 79

Contents

Introduction................................................................................... 79Principle of operation.................................................................... 79Function block .............................................................................. 79Input and output signals ............................................................... 80Setting parameters ....................................................................... 81

Summation block 3 phase (SUM3Ph)................................................ 83Introduction................................................................................... 83Principle of operation.................................................................... 83Function block .............................................................................. 83Input and output signals ............................................................... 83Setting parameters ....................................................................... 84

Authority status (AUTS) ..................................................................... 85Introduction................................................................................... 85Principle of operation.................................................................... 85Function block .............................................................................. 85Output signals............................................................................... 85Setting parameters ....................................................................... 85

Goose binary receive......................................................................... 86Function block .............................................................................. 86Input and output signals ............................................................... 87Setting parameters ....................................................................... 88

Chapter 4 Differential protection................................................... 89

High impedance differential protection (PDIF, 87)............................. 90Introduction................................................................................... 90Principle of operation.................................................................... 90

Logic diagram .......................................................................... 90Function block .............................................................................. 91Input and output signals ............................................................... 91Setting parameters ....................................................................... 92Technical data .............................................................................. 92

Chapter 5 Impedance protection................................................... 93

Distance measuring zones, quadrilateral characteristic (PDIS, 21)... 94Introduction................................................................................... 94Principle of operation.................................................................... 95

Full scheme measurement ...................................................... 95Impedance characteristic......................................................... 95Minimum operating current...................................................... 99Measuring principles.............................................................. 100Directional lines ..................................................................... 102Simplified logic diagrams....................................................... 104

Function block ............................................................................ 108Input and output signals ............................................................. 109Setting parameters ..................................................................... 110Technical data ............................................................................ 111

Distance protection zones, quadrilateral characteristic for series compensated lines (PDIS) ................................................. 113

Contents

Introduction ................................................................................. 113Principle of operation .................................................................. 113

Full scheme measurement .................................................... 113Impedance characteristic....................................................... 114Minimum operating current .................................................... 118Measuring principles.............................................................. 118Directionality for series compensation ................................... 121Simplified logic diagrams....................................................... 123

Function block............................................................................. 127Input and output signals.............................................................. 128Setting parameters ..................................................................... 129Technical data ............................................................................ 130

Full-scheme distance measuring, Mho characteristic, PDIS 21....... 132Introduction ................................................................................. 132Principle of operation .................................................................. 133

Full scheme measurement .................................................... 133Impedance characteristic....................................................... 133Basic operation characteristics .............................................. 134Theory for operation .............................................................. 136

Function block............................................................................. 147Input and output signals.............................................................. 148Setting parameters ..................................................................... 149Technical data ............................................................................ 151

Mho impedance supervision logic.................................................... 152Introduction ................................................................................. 152Principle of operation .................................................................. 152

Fault inception detection........................................................ 152Function block............................................................................. 153Input and output signals.............................................................. 154Setting parameters ..................................................................... 154

Phase selection with load encroachment (PDIS, 21)....................... 156Introduction ................................................................................. 156Principle of operation .................................................................. 156

Phase-to-ground fault ............................................................ 158Phase-to-phase fault ............................................................. 160Three phase faults ................................................................. 161Load encroachment ............................................................... 162Minimum operate currents ..................................................... 166Simplified logic diagrams....................................................... 166

Function block............................................................................. 171Input and output signals.............................................................. 171Setting parameters ..................................................................... 172Technical data ............................................................................ 173

Full scheme distance protection, quadrilateral for Mho ................... 174Introduction ................................................................................. 174Principle of operation .................................................................. 174

Full scheme measurement .................................................... 174Impedance characteristic....................................................... 175Minimum operating current .................................................... 177Measuring principles.............................................................. 177Directional lines ..................................................................... 180Simplified logic diagrams....................................................... 182

Function block............................................................................. 184

Contents

Input and output signals ............................................................. 184Setting parameters ..................................................................... 185Technical data ............................................................................ 186

Faulty phase identification with load enchroachment (PDIS, 21) .... 187Introduction................................................................................. 187Principle of operation.................................................................. 187

The phase selection function................................................. 187Function block ............................................................................ 199Input and output signals ............................................................. 199Setting parameters ..................................................................... 200Technical data ............................................................................ 201

Directional impedance Mho (RDIR) ................................................. 202Introduction................................................................................. 202Principle of operation.................................................................. 202

Directional impedance element for mho characteristic, ZDM 202Additional distance protection directional function for ground faults, ZDA ........................................................... 205

Function block ............................................................................ 207Input and output signals ............................................................. 207Setting parameters ..................................................................... 208

Phase preference logic .................................................................... 210Introduction................................................................................. 210Principle of operation.................................................................. 210Function block ............................................................................ 213Input and output signals ............................................................. 213Setting parameters ..................................................................... 214

Power swing detection (RPSB, 78).................................................. 215Introduction................................................................................. 215Principle of operation.................................................................. 215

Resistive reach in forward direction....................................... 217Resistive reach in reverse direction....................................... 217Reactive reach in forward and reverse direction ................... 218Basic detection logic.............................................................. 218Operating and inhibit conditions ............................................ 220

Function block ............................................................................ 221Input and output signals ............................................................. 221Setting parameters ..................................................................... 222Technical data ............................................................................ 223

Power swing logic (RPSL, 78) ......................................................... 224Introduction................................................................................. 224Principle of operation.................................................................. 224

Communication and tripping logic ......................................... 224Blocking logic......................................................................... 225

Function block ............................................................................ 227Input and output signals ............................................................. 227Setting parameters ..................................................................... 228Technical data ............................................................................ 228

Pole Slip protection (PPAM, 78) ...................................................... 229Introduction................................................................................. 229Principle of operation.................................................................. 229Function block ............................................................................ 233Input and output signals ............................................................. 233Setting parameters ..................................................................... 234

Contents

Technical data ............................................................................ 235Automatic switch onto fault logic, voltage and current based (SFCV) .............................................................. 236

Introduction ................................................................................. 236Principle of operation .................................................................. 236Function block............................................................................. 238Input and output signals.............................................................. 238Setting parameters ..................................................................... 238Technical data ............................................................................ 239

Chapter 6 Current protection....................................................... 241

Instantaneous phase overcurrent protection (PIOC, 50) ................. 242Introduction ................................................................................. 242Principle of operation .................................................................. 242Function block............................................................................. 242Input and output signals.............................................................. 243Setting parameters ..................................................................... 243Technical data ............................................................................ 244

Four step phase overcurrent protection (PTOC, 51_67).................. 245Introduction ................................................................................. 245Principle of operation .................................................................. 245Function block............................................................................. 249Input and output signals.............................................................. 250Setting parameters ..................................................................... 251Technical data ............................................................................ 258

Instantaneous residual overcurrent protection (PIOC, 50N) ............ 260Introduction ................................................................................. 260Principle of operation .................................................................. 260Function block............................................................................. 261Input and output signals.............................................................. 261Setting parameters ..................................................................... 261Technical data ............................................................................ 262

Four step residual overcurrent protection (PTOC, 51N/67N)........... 263Introduction ................................................................................. 263Principle of operation .................................................................. 263

Operating quantity within the function ................................... 264Internal polarizing facility of the function................................ 264External polarizing facility for Ground Fault function ............. 266Base quantities within the function ........................................ 267Internal Ground Fault function structure ............................... 267Four residual overcurrent stages........................................... 267Directional supervision element with integrated directional comparision stage ............................. 268Second harmonic blocking element....................................... 270Switch on to fault feature ....................................................... 272

Function block............................................................................. 276Input and output signals.............................................................. 276Setting parameters ..................................................................... 277Technical data ............................................................................ 285

Sensitive directional residual overcurrent and

Contents

power protection (PSDE, 67N) ...................................................... 286Introduction................................................................................. 286Principle of operation.................................................................. 287

Introduction............................................................................ 287Function block ............................................................................ 293Input and output signals ............................................................. 293Setting parameters ..................................................................... 296Technical data ............................................................................ 300

Thermal overload protection, one time constant (PTTR, 26)........... 302Introduction................................................................................. 302Principle of operation.................................................................. 302Function block ............................................................................ 306Input and output signals ............................................................. 306Setting parameters ..................................................................... 307Technical data ............................................................................ 308

Breaker failure protection (RBRF, 50BF)......................................... 309Introduction................................................................................. 309Principle of operation.................................................................. 309Function block ............................................................................ 312Input and output signals ............................................................. 313Setting parameters ..................................................................... 313Technical data ............................................................................ 314

Stub protection (PTOC, 50STB) ...................................................... 315Introduction................................................................................. 315Principle of operation.................................................................. 315Function block ............................................................................ 316Input and output signals ............................................................. 316Setting parameters ..................................................................... 317Technical data ............................................................................ 317

Pole discrepancy protection (RPLD, 52PD)..................................... 318Introduction................................................................................. 318Principle of operation.................................................................. 318

Pole discrepancy signalling from circuit breaker ................... 321Unsymmetrical current detection ........................................... 321

Function block ............................................................................ 321Input and output signals ............................................................. 322Setting parameters ..................................................................... 322Technical data ............................................................................ 323

Directional underpower protection (PDUP, 32)................................ 324Introduction................................................................................. 324Principle of operation.................................................................. 325

Low pass filtering................................................................... 327Calibration of analog inputs ................................................... 327

Function block ............................................................................ 329Input and output signals ............................................................. 329Setting parameters ..................................................................... 330Technical data ............................................................................ 331

Directional overpower protection (PDOP, 32).................................. 332Introduction................................................................................. 332Principle of operation.................................................................. 333

Low pass filtering................................................................... 335Calibration of analog inputs ................................................... 335

Function block ............................................................................ 337

Contents

Input and output signals.............................................................. 337Setting parameters ..................................................................... 338Technical data ............................................................................ 339

Broken conductor check (PTOC, 46) ............................................... 340Introduction ................................................................................. 340Principle of operation .................................................................. 340Function block............................................................................. 341Input and output signals.............................................................. 341Setting parameters ..................................................................... 342Technical data ............................................................................ 342

Chapter 7 Voltage protection....................................................... 343

Two step undervoltage protection (PTUV, 27)................................. 344Introduction ................................................................................. 344Principle of operation .................................................................. 344

Measurement principle .......................................................... 345Time delay ............................................................................. 345Blocking ................................................................................. 348Design ................................................................................... 350

Function block............................................................................. 352Input and output signals.............................................................. 352Setting parameters ..................................................................... 353Technical data ............................................................................ 356

Two step overvoltage protection (PTOV, 59)................................... 357Introduction ................................................................................. 357Principle of operation .................................................................. 357

Measurement principle .......................................................... 358Time delay ............................................................................. 358Blocking ................................................................................. 360Design ................................................................................... 361

Function block............................................................................. 363Input and output signals.............................................................. 363Setting parameters ..................................................................... 364Technical data ............................................................................ 367

Two step residual overvoltage protection (PTOV, 59N)................... 368Introduction ................................................................................. 368Principle of operation .................................................................. 368

Measurement principle .......................................................... 368Time delay ............................................................................. 368Blocking ................................................................................. 372Design ................................................................................... 373

Function block............................................................................. 374Input and output signals.............................................................. 374Setting parameters ..................................................................... 375Technical data ............................................................................ 377

Overexcitation protection (PVPH, 24) .............................................. 378Introduction ................................................................................. 378Principle of operation .................................................................. 378

Measured voltage .................................................................. 381Operate time of the overexcitation protection. ....................... 381

Contents

Cooling .................................................................................. 385OEX protection function measurands.................................... 385Overexcitation alarm.............................................................. 386Logic diagram ........................................................................ 387

Function block ............................................................................ 388Input and output signals ............................................................. 388Setting parameters ..................................................................... 388Technical data ............................................................................ 390

Voltage differential protection (PTOV, 60) ....................................... 391Introduction................................................................................. 391Principle of operation.................................................................. 391Function block ............................................................................ 392Input and output signals ............................................................. 393Setting parameters ..................................................................... 393Technical data ............................................................................ 394

Loss of voltage check (PTUV, 27) ................................................... 395Introduction................................................................................. 395Principle of operation.................................................................. 395Function block ............................................................................ 397Input and output signals ............................................................. 397Setting parameters ..................................................................... 397

Chapter 8 Frequency protection ................................................. 399

Underfrequency protection (PTUF, 81)............................................ 400Introduction................................................................................. 400Principle of operation.................................................................. 400

Measurement principle .......................................................... 400Time delay ............................................................................. 400Voltage dependent time delay ............................................... 401Blocking ................................................................................. 402Design ................................................................................... 403

Function block ............................................................................ 404Input and output signals ............................................................. 404Setting parameters ..................................................................... 405Technical data ............................................................................ 405

Overfrequency protection (PTOF, 81) ............................................. 407Introduction................................................................................. 407Principle of operation.................................................................. 407

Measurement principle .......................................................... 407Time delay ............................................................................. 407Blocking ................................................................................. 408Design ................................................................................... 408

Function block ............................................................................ 409Input and output signals ............................................................. 409Setting parameters ..................................................................... 409Technical data ............................................................................ 410

Rate-of-change frequency protection (PFRC, 81) ........................... 411Introduction................................................................................. 411Principle of operation.................................................................. 411

Measurement principle .......................................................... 411

Contents

Time delay ............................................................................. 412Blocking ................................................................................. 412Design ................................................................................... 412

Function block............................................................................. 413Input and output signals.............................................................. 414Setting parameters ..................................................................... 414Technical data ............................................................................ 415

Chapter 9 Multipurpose protection ............................................. 417

General current and voltage protection (GAPC).............................. 418Introduction ................................................................................. 418

Inadvertent generator energization........................................ 418Principle of operation .................................................................. 419

Measured quantities within the function................................. 419Base quantities for GF function ............................................. 421Built-in overcurrent protection steps ...................................... 421Built-in undercurrent protection steps.................................... 427Built-in overvoltage protection steps...................................... 428Built-in undervoltage protection steps.................................... 428Inadvertent generator energization........................................ 428Logic diagram ........................................................................ 430

Function block............................................................................. 436Input and output signals.............................................................. 437Setting parameters ..................................................................... 439Technical data ............................................................................ 448

Chapter 10 Secondary system supervision.................................. 451

Current circuit supervision (RDIF).................................................... 452Introduction ................................................................................. 452Principle of operation .................................................................. 452Function block............................................................................. 454Input and output signals.............................................................. 454Setting parameters ..................................................................... 455Technical data ............................................................................ 455

Fuse failure supervision (RFUF) ...................................................... 456Introduction ................................................................................. 456Principle of operation .................................................................. 456

Zero sequence ...................................................................... 456Negative sequence................................................................ 459du/dt and di/dt ........................................................................ 459Operation modes ................................................................... 460Dead line detection................................................................ 461

Function block............................................................................. 461Input and output signals.............................................................. 461Setting parameters ..................................................................... 462Technical data ............................................................................ 463

Contents

Chapter 11 Control ......................................................................... 465

Synchronizing, synchronism check and energizing check (RSYN, 25) .466

Introduction................................................................................. 466Principle of operation.................................................................. 466

Basic functionality.................................................................. 466Logic diagrams ...................................................................... 467

Function block ............................................................................ 477Input and output signals ............................................................. 478Setting parameters ..................................................................... 481Technical data ............................................................................ 483

Autorecloser (RREC, 79) ................................................................. 485Introduction................................................................................. 485Principle of operation.................................................................. 485

Logic Diagrams...................................................................... 485Auto-reclosing operation Off and On ..................................... 485Auto-reclosing mode selection .............................................. 485Initiate auto-reclosing and conditions for initiation of a reclosing cycle .............................................. 486Control of the auto-reclosing open time for shot 1................. 487Long trip signal ...................................................................... 487Time sequence diagrams ...................................................... 493

Function block ............................................................................ 497Input and output signals ............................................................. 497Setting parameters ..................................................................... 499Technical data ............................................................................ 501

Apparatus control (APC).................................................................. 503Introduction................................................................................. 503Principle of operation.................................................................. 503Bay control (QCBAY).................................................................. 504

Introduction............................................................................ 504Principle of operation............................................................. 504Function block ....................................................................... 505Input and output signals ........................................................ 506Setting parameters ................................................................ 506

Local/Remote switch (LocalRemote, LocRemControl) ............... 506Introduction............................................................................ 506Principle of operation............................................................. 506Function block ....................................................................... 508Input and output signals ........................................................ 508Setting parameters ................................................................ 509

Switch controller (SCSWI) .......................................................... 510Introduction............................................................................ 510Principle of operation............................................................. 510Function block ....................................................................... 516Input and output signals ........................................................ 516Setting parameters ................................................................ 517

Circuit breaker (SXCBR)............................................................. 518Introduction............................................................................ 518Principle of operation............................................................. 518Function block ....................................................................... 522

Contents

Input and output signals ........................................................ 523Setting parameters ................................................................ 524

Circuit switch (SXSWI)................................................................ 524Introduction............................................................................ 524Principle of operation............................................................. 524Function block ....................................................................... 529Input and output signals ........................................................ 529Setting parameters ................................................................ 530

Bay reserve (QCRSV) ................................................................ 530Introduction............................................................................ 530Principle of operation............................................................. 530Function block ....................................................................... 533Input and output signals ........................................................ 533Setting parameters ................................................................ 534

Reservation input (RESIN) ......................................................... 534Introduction............................................................................ 534Principle of operation............................................................. 535Function block ....................................................................... 536Input and output signals ........................................................ 537Setting parameters ................................................................ 537

Interlocking ...................................................................................... 538Introduction ................................................................................. 538Principle of operation .................................................................. 538Logical node for interlocking (SCILO)......................................... 541

Introduction............................................................................ 541Principle of operation............................................................. 541Function block ....................................................................... 542Input and output signals ........................................................ 542

Interlocking for line bay (ABC_LINE) .......................................... 543Introduction............................................................................ 543Function block ....................................................................... 544Logic diagram ........................................................................ 545Input and output signals ........................................................ 551

Interlocking for bus-coupler bay (ABC_BC)................................ 553Introduction............................................................................ 553Function block ....................................................................... 555Logic diagram ........................................................................ 556Input and output signals ........................................................ 561

Interlocking for transformer bay (AB_TRAFO)............................ 563Introduction............................................................................ 563Function block ....................................................................... 565Logic diagram ........................................................................ 566Input and output signals ........................................................ 569

Interlocking for bus-section breaker (A1A2_BS)......................... 571Introduction............................................................................ 571Function block ....................................................................... 572Logic diagram ........................................................................ 573Input and output signals ........................................................ 576

Interlocking for bus-section disconnector (A1A2_DC) ................ 577Introduction............................................................................ 577Function block ....................................................................... 578Logic diagram ........................................................................ 579Input and output signals ........................................................ 580

Contents

Interlocking for busbar grounding switch (BB_ES) ..................... 581Introduction............................................................................ 581Function block ....................................................................... 581Logic diagram ........................................................................ 582Input and output signals ........................................................ 582

Interlocking for double CB bay (DB) ........................................... 582Introduction............................................................................ 582Function block ....................................................................... 583Logic diagrams ...................................................................... 585Input and output signals ....................................................... 594

Interlocking for breaker-and-a-half diameter (BH) ...................... 597Introduction............................................................................ 597Function blocks...................................................................... 599Logic diagrams ...................................................................... 602Input and output signals ........................................................ 612

Horizontal communication via GOOSE for interlocking .............. 617Function block ....................................................................... 617Input and output signals ........................................................ 618Setting parameters ................................................................ 619

Logic rotating switch for function selection and LHMI presentation (SLGGIO) ................................................... 620

Introduction................................................................................. 620Principle of operation.................................................................. 620

Functionality and behaviour .................................................. 621Graphical display ................................................................... 622

Function block ............................................................................ 624Input and output signals ............................................................. 626Setting parameters ..................................................................... 627

Selector mini switch (VSGGIO) ....................................................... 628Introduction................................................................................. 628Principle of operation.................................................................. 628Function block ............................................................................ 629Input and output signals ............................................................. 629Setting parameters ..................................................................... 630

Single point generic control 8 signals (SPC8GGIO) ........................ 631Introduction................................................................................. 631Principle of operation.................................................................. 631Function block ............................................................................ 631Input and output signals ............................................................. 632

Chapter 12 Scheme communication............................................. 633

Scheme communication logic for distance protection (PSCH, 85) ............................. 634

Introduction................................................................................. 634Principle of operation.................................................................. 634

Blocking scheme ................................................................... 634Permissive underreach scheme ............................................ 635Permissive overreach scheme .............................................. 635Unblocking scheme ............................................................... 635Intertrip scheme..................................................................... 636

Contents

Simplified logic diagram......................................................... 636Function block............................................................................. 638Input and output signals.............................................................. 638Setting parameters ..................................................................... 639Technical data ............................................................................ 639

Phase segregated scheme communication logic for distance protection (PSCH, 85) ................................................ 640

Introduction ................................................................................. 640Principle of operation .................................................................. 640

Blocking scheme ................................................................... 641Permissive underreach scheme ............................................ 641Permissive overreach scheme............................................... 642Unblocking scheme ............................................................... 642Intertrip scheme..................................................................... 642Simplified logic diagram......................................................... 642

Function block............................................................................. 644Input and output signals.............................................................. 644Setting parameters ..................................................................... 646Technical data ............................................................................ 646

Current reversal and weak-end infeed logic for distance protection (PSCH, 85) .................................................. 647

Introduction ................................................................................. 647Principle of operation .................................................................. 647

Current reversal logic............................................................. 647Weak end infeed logic ........................................................... 648

Function block............................................................................. 649Input and output signals.............................................................. 650Setting parameters ..................................................................... 651Technical data ............................................................................ 651

Local acceleration logic (PLAL) ....................................................... 652Introduction ................................................................................. 652Principle of operation .................................................................. 652

Zone extension ...................................................................... 652Loss-of-load acceleration ...................................................... 653

Function block............................................................................. 654Input and output signals.............................................................. 654Setting parameters ..................................................................... 655

Scheme communication logic for residual overcurrent protection (PSCH, 85)................................ 656

Introduction ................................................................................. 656Principle of operation .................................................................. 656

Blocking scheme ................................................................... 657Permissive under/overreach scheme .................................... 657Unblocking scheme ............................................................... 658

Function block............................................................................. 660Input and output signals.............................................................. 660Setting parameters ..................................................................... 661Technical data ............................................................................ 661

Current reversal and weak-end infeed logic for residual overcurrent protection (PSCH, 85)................................ 662

Introduction ................................................................................. 662Principle of operation .................................................................. 662

Directional comparison logic function .................................... 662

Contents

Fault current reversal logic .................................................... 663Weak and infeed logic ........................................................... 663

Function block ............................................................................ 664Input and output signals ............................................................. 665Setting parameters ..................................................................... 665Technical data ............................................................................ 666

Current reversal and weak-end infeed logic for phase segregated communication (PSCH) .................................. 667

Introduction................................................................................. 667Principle of operation.................................................................. 667

Current reversal logic ........................................................... 667Function block ............................................................................ 669Input and output signals ............................................................. 670Setting parameters ..................................................................... 671Technical data ............................................................................ 671

Chapter 13 Logic............................................................................. 673

Tripping logic (PTRC, 94) ................................................................ 674Introduction................................................................................. 674Principle of operation.................................................................. 674

Logic diagram ........................................................................ 675Function block ............................................................................ 680Input and output signals ............................................................. 680Setting parameters ..................................................................... 681Technical data ............................................................................ 682

Trip matrix logic (GGIO)................................................................... 683Introduction................................................................................. 683Principle of operation.................................................................. 683Function block ............................................................................ 685Input and output signals ............................................................. 685Setting parameters ..................................................................... 687

Configurable logic blocks (LLD)....................................................... 688Introduction................................................................................. 688Inverter function block (INV) ....................................................... 688OR function block (OR)............................................................... 688AND function block (AND) .......................................................... 689Timer function block (Timer) ....................................................... 690Pulse timer function block (PULSE)............................................ 690Exclusive OR function block (XOR) ............................................ 691Set-reset with memory function block (SRM) ............................. 691Controllable gate function block (GT) ......................................... 692Settable timer function block (TS)............................................... 693Technical data ............................................................................ 694

Fixed signal function block (FIXD) ................................................... 695Introduction................................................................................. 695Principle of operation.................................................................. 695Function block ............................................................................ 695Input and output signals ............................................................. 696Setting parameters ..................................................................... 696

Boolean 16 to Integer conversion B16I............................................ 697

Contents

Introduction ................................................................................. 697Principle of operation............................................................. 697Function block ....................................................................... 697Input and output signals ........................................................ 698Setting parameters ................................................................ 698

Boolean 16 to Integer conversion with logic node representation (B16IGGIO)...................................................................................... 699

Introduction ................................................................................. 699Principle of operation .................................................................. 699Function block............................................................................. 699Input and output signals.............................................................. 700Setting parameters ..................................................................... 700

Integer to Boolean 16 conversion (IB16) ......................................... 701Introduction ................................................................................. 701Principle of operation .................................................................. 701Function block............................................................................. 701Input and output signals.............................................................. 701Setting parameters ..................................................................... 702

Integer to Boolean 16 conversion with logic node representation (IB16GGIO)...................................................................................... 703

Introduction ................................................................................. 703Function block............................................................................. 703Input and output signals.............................................................. 703Setting parameters ..................................................................... 704

Chapter 14 Monitoring.................................................................... 705

Measurements (MSQI)..................................................................... 706Introduction ................................................................................. 707Principle of operation .................................................................. 708

Measurement supervision...................................................... 708Service values (MMXU, SVR)................................................ 712Current Phasors (MMXU, CP) ............................................... 718Voltage phasors (MMXU, VN and VP)................................... 718Sequence quantities (MSQI, CSQ and VSQ) ........................ 718

Function block............................................................................. 718Input and output signals.............................................................. 720Setting parameters ..................................................................... 723Technical data ............................................................................ 738

Event counter (GGIO)...................................................................... 739Function block............................................................................. 739Setting parameters ..................................................................... 739

Event function (EV) .......................................................................... 740Introduction ................................................................................. 740Principle of operation .................................................................. 740Function block............................................................................. 742Input and output signals.............................................................. 742Setting parameters ..................................................................... 743

Fault locator (RFLO) ........................................................................ 746Introduction ................................................................................. 746Principle of operation .................................................................. 746

Contents

Measuring principle ............................................................... 747Accurate algorithm for measurement of distance to fault ...... 747The non-compensated impedance model ............................. 751IEC 60870-5-103 ................................................................... 752

Function block ............................................................................ 752Input and output signals ............................................................. 752Setting parameters ..................................................................... 753Technical data ............................................................................ 754

Measured value expander block...................................................... 755Introduction................................................................................. 755Principle of operation.................................................................. 755Function block ............................................................................ 756Input and output signals ............................................................. 756

Disturbance report (RDRE).............................................................. 757Introduction................................................................................. 757Principle of operation.................................................................. 757Function block ............................................................................ 765Input and output signals ............................................................. 767Setting parameters ..................................................................... 769Technical data ............................................................................ 781

Sequence of events (RDRE) ........................................................... 783Introduction................................................................................. 783Principle of operation.................................................................. 783Function block ............................................................................ 783Input signals ............................................................................... 783Technical data ............................................................................ 784

Indications (RDRE) .......................................................................... 785Introduction................................................................................. 785Principle of operation.................................................................. 785Function block ............................................................................ 786Input signals ............................................................................... 786Technical data ............................................................................ 786

Event recorder (RDRE).................................................................... 787Introduction................................................................................. 787Principle of operation.................................................................. 787Function block ............................................................................ 787Input signals ............................................................................... 787Technical data ............................................................................ 788

Trip value recorder (RDRE) ............................................................. 789Introduction................................................................................. 789Principle of operation.................................................................. 789Function block ............................................................................ 789Input signals ............................................................................... 790Technical data ............................................................................ 790

Disturbance recorder (RDRE).......................................................... 791Introduction................................................................................. 791Principle of operation.................................................................. 791

Memory and storage.............................................................. 792IEC 60870-5-103 ................................................................... 793

Function block ............................................................................ 793Input and output signals ............................................................. 793Setting parameters ..................................................................... 794Technical data ............................................................................ 794

Contents

Chapter 15 Metering ....................................................................... 795

Pulse counter logic (GGIO).............................................................. 796Introduction ................................................................................. 796Principle of operation .................................................................. 796Function block............................................................................. 798Input and output signals.............................................................. 798Setting parameters ..................................................................... 799Technical data ............................................................................ 799

Energy metering and demand handling (MMTR)............................. 800Introduction ................................................................................. 800Principle of operation .................................................................. 800Function block............................................................................. 801Input and output signals.............................................................. 801Setting parameters ..................................................................... 802

Chapter 16 Station communication............................................... 805

Overview.......................................................................................... 806IEC 61850-8-1 communication protocol........................................... 807

Introduction ................................................................................. 807Generic single point function block (SPGGIO) ........................... 807

Introduction............................................................................ 807Principle of operation............................................................. 807Function block ....................................................................... 807Input and output signals ........................................................ 808Setting parameters ................................................................ 808

Generic double point function block (DPGGIO).......................... 808Introduction............................................................................ 808Principle of operation............................................................. 809Function block ....................................................................... 809Input and output signals ........................................................ 809Setting parameters ................................................................ 809

Generic measured values function block (MVGGIO).................. 809Introduction............................................................................ 809Principle of operation............................................................. 809Function block ....................................................................... 810Input and output signals ........................................................ 810Setting parameters ................................................................ 810

Setting parameters ..................................................................... 811Technical data ............................................................................ 811

LON communication protocol........................................................... 812Introduction ................................................................................. 812Principle of operation .................................................................. 812Setting parameters ..................................................................... 829Technical data ............................................................................ 829

SPA communication protocol........................................................... 830Introduction ................................................................................. 830Principle of operation .................................................................. 830

Communication ports............................................................. 838Design......................................................................................... 839

Contents

Setting parameters ..................................................................... 839Technical data ............................................................................ 840

IEC 60870-5-103 communication protocol ...................................... 841Introduction................................................................................. 841Principle of operation.................................................................. 841

General.................................................................................. 841Communication ports............................................................. 851

Function block ............................................................................ 851Input and output signals ............................................................. 854Setting parameters ..................................................................... 859Technical data ............................................................................ 862

Automation bits (AUBI) .................................................................... 863Introduction................................................................................. 863Principle of operation.................................................................. 863Function block ............................................................................ 864Input and output signals ............................................................. 864Setting parameters ..................................................................... 866

Single command, 16 signals (CD) ................................................... 878Introduction................................................................................. 878Principle of operation.................................................................. 878Function block ............................................................................ 878Input and output signals ............................................................. 879Setting parameters ..................................................................... 879

Multiple command (CM) and Multiple transmit (MT)........................ 880Introduction................................................................................. 880Principle of operation.................................................................. 880Design ........................................................................................ 880

General.................................................................................. 880Function block ............................................................................ 881Input and output signals ............................................................. 881Setting parameters ..................................................................... 883

Chapter 17 Remote communication ............................................. 885

Binary signal transfer to remote end................................................ 886Introduction................................................................................. 886Principle of operation.................................................................. 886Function block ............................................................................ 887Input and output signals ............................................................. 889Setting parameters ..................................................................... 890

Chapter 18 Hardware...................................................................... 895

Overview.......................................................................................... 896Variants of case- and HMI display size....................................... 896Case from the rear side .............................................................. 897

Hardware modules........................................................................... 902Overview..................................................................................... 902Combined backplane module (CBM).......................................... 903

Introduction............................................................................ 903

Contents

Functionality .......................................................................... 903Design ................................................................................... 903

Universal backplane module (UBM) ........................................... 905Introduction............................................................................ 905Functionality .......................................................................... 905Design ................................................................................... 905

Power supply module (PSM) ...................................................... 908Introduction............................................................................ 908Design ................................................................................... 908Technical data ....................................................................... 908

Numeric processing module (NUM)............................................ 909Introduction............................................................................ 909Functionality .......................................................................... 909Block diagram........................................................................ 910

Local human-machine interface (LHMI)...................................... 910Transformer input module (TRM) ............................................... 911

Introduction............................................................................ 911Design ................................................................................... 911Technical data ....................................................................... 911

Analog digital conversion module, with time synchronization (ADM) ............................................. 912

Introduction............................................................................ 912Design ................................................................................... 912

Binary input module (BIM) .......................................................... 914Introduction...............................................