CHAPTER 1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Employee Attrition is a global phenomenon that every business enterprise faces

as it tries to capture the talent of human resources available in the market. HR

professionals are breaking their heads to formulate Retention Strategies. This

PROJECT seeks to ascertain the causes of attrition

The objectives of the study include determining whether job content factors or job

context factors affect attrition more and the factors. It also will seek to predict

next years attrition analysis.

A questionnaire was designed and survey was conducted with the target

population. It was pre-coded, pre-tested and edited. A sample was taken using

disproportionate random sampling. The data analysis helped determine the

following factors of attrition.

1. Job Content Factors

Factors pertaining to the tasks, duties and responsibilities of the job that

gives motivation. The main factors in this category are

a) Lack of Awareness of Job Responsibilities

b) Vague career growth plan

c) Mechanical mode of doing the job

2. Job Context Factors

Factors pertaining to the environment of the job that help the employee is

carrying out his tasks, duties and responsibilities.

a) Poor Team characteristics

b) Insufficient compensation package

c) Stressful work environment

CHAPTER 2

TITLE OF THE STUDY

“MANAGING ATTRITION IN BPO AND KPO WORLD”

OBECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The main objective of this project study is to try and understand those various

aspects/factors that really affects the attrition in BPO and KPO industry, and

trying to figure out the several factors which forces an employee or employer to

change the company.

Especially the study is sought to describe the importance of the following

nine attrition factors:

1. Compensation Package as the factor of attrition

2. Career Growth as the factor of attrition

3. Nature of Assignment as the factor of attrition

4. Skills as the factor of attrition

5. Grievances as the factor of attrition

6. Challenges in Job as the factor of attrition

7. Personal Policies as the factor of attrition

8. Employee Expectations as the factor of attrition

9. Feedback Mechanism as the factor of attrition

2

SCOPE OF THE PROJECT STUDY

The success of any study can be measured by the usefulness of its outcomes to

the business concern or an organization and the society at large. Any

organization would love to have an extremely motivated force since it is the key

to a successful business.

The study is an effort towards analyzing the different factor prevailing in the

organization, which have for reaching effects on the overall performance of the

organization.

The survey being an exercise, the employees without revealing their identities

can comfortably express their opinion. It acts as an indicator of the overall

atmosphere in the organization useful for the management to implement any

changes, if fells necessary.

The scope of the study is indicative of the possible domains of population,

wherefrom the data is supposed to be compiled and analyzed with reasonably

good parameters of sampling so that conclusions thereof be applicable to the

said population under study motivation being a broad based phenomenon for any

organization among HR cutting across the hierarchical levels the general variable

and dimensions of motivation need to be identifies in different working

environment and different structural setups and different organizations.

An attempt to be made to identify the attrition level parameters, and how much it

is affecting the enhancement of productivity in day to day activities of an

operational establishment. The survey is an amateur effort towards initiating, any

change if at all required for the benefit of the organization, in providing a better

work environment and work culture.

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CHAPTER 3

LITERATURE REVIEW

In less than two decades, the study and practice of Employee attrition and

Retention have spread apace. Recent reviews of the theoretical and empirical

literatures invariably conclude that the bottle is, at once, half full and half empty

Becker & Gerhart, 1996; & Dyer & Reeves, 1995 in the companion volume

These researchers have determined the efficacy of horizontal and vertical

alignment or fit -- that is, the virtue of bundling HR practices into synergistic

systems that, in turn, interact with extant organizational contexts to produce

desired results. They have tried to explain the importance of the organizational

hierarchy in reducing attrition. They have come to the conclusion that it is either

job content or job context factors that affected attrition. But have not been able to

prove it.

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RESEARCH ALREADY CARRIED OUT FOR ATTRITION

UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA Population - private sector firms

Sample n = 297

Factor analysis

Firm characteristics, work force characteristics, location, and employee benefits

practices.

Research Tool

Hierarchical regression analysis

Findings

Benefit practices are associated with turnover, even when controlling for firm

characteristics, firm setting, and work force characteristics, specifically, firms

where benefits were a higher percentage of total labor costs and firms whose

benefits packages were described to be of higher quality experienced less

attrition. Implications of the findings for human resource management are

discussed.

2. WIPRO TECHNOLOGIES

White paper - Suvro Raychaudhuri

Research ToolMarkov Analysis

FindingsThe CPP – Attrition Instrument is the best one to project or predict the attrition rates for the next calculation period in an industry.

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DEFINING ATTRITION:

"A reduction in the number of employees through retirement, resignation or

death."

Normal and uncontrollable reduction of a work force because of retirement,

death, sickness, and relocation. It is one method of reducing the size of a work

force without management taking any overt actions.

- Dictionary of Business Terms

A gradual reduction in work force without firing of personnel, as when workers

resign or retire and are not replaced.

- Phill and Ralph Peters

DEFINING ATTRITION RATE: "the rate of shrinkage in size or number"

In the best of worlds, employees would love their jobs, like their

coworkers, work hard for their employers, get paid well for their work, have ample

chances for advancement, and flexible schedules so they could attend to

personal or family needs when necessary. And never leave.

But then there's the real world. And in the real world, employees, do leave, either

because they want more money, hate the working conditions, hate their

coworkers, want a change, or because their spouse gets a dream job in another

state.

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BACKGROUND STORY

The IT enabled services (BPO) industry is being looked upon as the next big

employment generator It is however no easy task for an HR manager to bridge

the ever increasing demand - supply gap of professionals. Unlike his software

industry counterpart, the Telecommunication HR manager is not only required to

fulfill this responsibility, but also find the right kind of people who can keep pace

with the unique work patterns in this industry. Adding to this is the issue of

maintaining consistency in performance and keeping the motivation levels high,

despite the monotonous work. The toughest concern for an HR manager is

however the high attrition rate.

In India, the average attrition rate in this sector is approximately 30-35 percent. It

is true that this is far less than the prevalent attrition rate in the US market

(around 70 percent), but the challenge continues to be greater considering the

recent growth of the industry in the country. The US Telecommunication sector is

estimated to be somewhere around three decades old. Keeping low attrition

levels is a major challenge as the demand outstrips the supply of good agents by

a big margin. Further, the salary growth plan for each employee is not well

defined. All this only encourages poaching by other companies who can offer a

higher salary.

The much hyped "work for fun" tag normally associated with the industry has in

fact backfired, as many individuals (mostly fresh graduates), take it as a pass-

time job. Once they join the sector and understand its requirements, they are

taken aback by the long working hours and later monotony of the job starts

setting in. This is the reason for the high attrition rate as many individuals are not

able to take the pressure of work.

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The toughness of the job and timings is not adequately conveyed. Besides the

induction and project training, not much investment has been done to evolve a

"continuous training program" for the agents. Motivational training is still to evolve

in this industry. But, in all this, it is the HR manager who is expected to straighten

things out and help individuals adjust to the real world. I believe that the new

entrant needs to be made aware of the realistic situation from day-one itself, with

the training session conducted in the nights, so that they get accustomed to

things right at the beginning.

If a person leaves after the training it costs the company about Rs 60,000. For a

300-seater company facing the normal 30 percent attrition, this translates into Rs

60 lakh per annum. Many experts are of believe that all these challenges can

turn out to be a real dampener in the growth of this industry. This only raises the

responsibility of "finding the right candidate" and building a "conducive work

environment", which will be beneficial for the organization. The need is for those

individuals who can make a career out of this.

All this had induced the companies to take necessary steps, both internally and

externally. Internally most HR managers are busy putting in efforts on the

development of their employees, building innovative retention and motivational

schemes and making the environment livelier. Outside, the focus is on creating

awareness through seminars and going to campuses for recruitment.

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HIGH ATTRITION

Another major problem is the high attrition and growth aspirations of the

workforce. At least 60,000 of the 171,000 workforce change jobs every year.

About 80% of them look for better leaders. Team leaders want to upgrade to

supervisors, quality professionals or operations heads. The HR problem

threatens to soon become grave. Good agents are becoming hard to find and

with tardy infrastructure, big moves to the much talked about smaller towns will

take longer. This means costs will rise making it difficult for small VC – funded

companies to survive.

Attrition Rates

US 42%

Australia 29%

Europe 24%

India 26.9%

THE CHALLENGE OF EMPLOYEE ATTRITION

National projections suggest that, during the decade of 2000-2010 about 1/2 of

all employees in many major industries and settings nationally will need to be

replaced. This is due to the maturity level of the "baby boomer" generation. While

these national level data are alarming, most decision makers would rather know

their own organization's attrition rate AND the actual cost of that attrition to the

organization and its stake holders. Clearly, locally specific staff and cost data are

better for motivating local action.

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If Calculating in monetary terms, it includes the following:

COSTS DUE TO A PERSON LEAVING

1. Calculate the cost of the person(s) who fills in while the position is vacant.

Calculate the cost of lost productivity at a minimum of 50% of the person's

compensation and benefits cost for each week the position is vacant, even

if there are people performing the work. Calculate the lost productivity at

100% if the position is completely vacant for any period of time.

2. Calculate the cost of conducting an exit interview to include the time of the

person conducting the interview, the time of the person leaving, the

administrative costs of stopping payroll, benefit deductions, benefit

enrollments.

3. Calculate the cost of the manager who has to understand what work

remains, and how to cover that work until a replacement is found.

4. Calculate the cost of training your company has invested in this employee

who is leaving.

5. Calculate the impact on departmental productivity because the person is

leaving. Who will pick up the work, whose work will suffer, what

departmental deadlines will not be met or delivered late.

6. Calculate the cost of lost knowledge, skills and contacts that the person

who is leaving is taking with them out of your door.

7. Subtract the cost of the person who is leaving for the amount of time the

position is vacant.

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RECRUITMENT COSTS

1. The cost of advertisements; agency costs; employee referral costs;

internet posting costs.

2. The cost of the internal recruiter's time to understand the position

requirements, develop and implement a sourcing strategy, review

candidates backgrounds, prepare for interviews, conduct interviews,

prepare candidate assessments, conduct reference checks, make the

employment offer and notify unsuccessful candidates. This can range from

a minimum of 30 hours to over 100 hours per position.

3. Calculate the cost of the various candidate pre-employment tests to help

assess candidates' skills, abilities, aptitude, attitude, values and behaviors.

TRAINING COSTS

1. Calculate the cost of orientation in terms of the new person's salary and

the cost of the person who conducts the orientation. Also include the cost

of orientation materials.

2. Calculate the cost of departmental training as the actual development and

delivery cost plus the cost of the salary of the new employee. Note that the

cost will be significantly higher for some positions such as sales

representatives and call center agents who require 4 - 6 weeks or more of

classroom training.

3. Calculate the cost of the person(s) who conduct the training.

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LOST PRODUCTIVITY COSTS

As the new employee is learning the new job, the company policies and

practices, etc. they are not fully productive. Use the following guidelines to

calculate the cost of this lost productivity:

1. Upon completion of whatever training is provided, the employee is

contributing at a 25% productivity level for the first 2 - 4 weeks. The cost

therefore is 75% of the new employee’s full salary during that time period.

2. During weeks 5 - 12, the employee is contributing at a 50% productivity

level. The cost is therefore 50% of full salary during that time period.

3. During weeks 13 - 20, the employee is contributing at a 75% productivity

level. The cost is therefore 25% of full salary during that time period.

4. Calculate the cost of mistakes the new employee makes during this

elongated indoctrination period.

NEW HIRE COSTS

1. Calculate the cost of bring the new person on board including the cost to

put the person on the payroll, establish computer and security passwords

and identification cards, telephone hookups, cost of establishing email

accounts, or leasing other equipment such as cell phones, automobiles.

2. Calculate the cost of a manager's time spent developing trust and building

confidence in the new employee's work.

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LOST SALES COSTS

1. Calculate the revenue per employee by dividing total company revenue by

the average number of employees in a given year. Whether an employee

contributes directly or indirectly to the generation of revenue, their purpose

is to provide some defined set of responsibilities that are necessary to the

generation of revenue. Calculate the lost revenue by multiplying the

number of weeks the position is vacant by the average weekly revenue

per employee.

What does this mean?

Well it means that if a company has 100 people doing a certain job paid 25,000

and that turnover or attrition is running at 10%, the cost of attrition is:

(Total staff x attrition rate %) x (annual salary x 80%)

100 staff at 10% attrition means 10 people leave and are replaced each

year.

A replacement cost of 80% of a salary of 25,000 means the cost of each

replacement is 20,000.

The cost of turnover is therefore 10 x 20,000 or 200,000 a year.

The oncost to the overall salary bill is 8%.

(Saving 8% of salary costs would make the average HR manager a hero.)

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EMPLOYEE ATTRITION

Employee attrition is a very big problem not only in India but outside India

too. Attrition rate is increasing day by day and its especially the software industry

which is affected the most. Why an Employee leaves a company is the question

asked by most of the employers. Companies even hire Private HR professionals

to study the company's work and find out why an employee is dissatisfied.

HR department does the recruiting of new employees and then send them for

training so that they can understand work and work culture and become better

professionals. Each and every company faces employee turn over problem

whether big or small. An employee leaves his present job for another job to get

better pay package and good working conditions.

Every Company calculates Employee attrition rate and takes measures to reduce

it. The facts and figures are not made public as it may tarnish the image of the

company in front of its own employees and its loyal customers.

A survey has found out that there are various reasons for Employee Attrition -

1. Higher Pay Package in another company

2. Good working Conditions

3. Opportunities for growth in new company

4. Change of Place problem

5. A better Boss in new company

6. Brand Image of the new company

Employee attrition costs a lot to the company. There are various costs which are

borne by the company at the start when the employee is under training period.

Costs such as -

1. Conveyance Cost

2. Cost of lodging of the new employee

3. Trainers cost

4. Cost of venue where training will be conducted

5. Materials to be supplied during training process

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FACTORS AFFECTING ATTRITION

AMBITIONS OR CAREER ASPIRATIONS

It is but natural in a growing society and growing economy that employees at all

levels aspire to build their career. There are economic aspirations, professional

aspirations, family aspirations and all kind of aspirations and ambitions that affect

a persons desire to move. It is rare not to have such career aspirations. In the

past, organization grew at a pace and stability and individuals mostly saw their

career in the current organization and stuck to the same. Now a days either

organizations don’t grow at the pace at which the individual career aspiration

grow or other organizations grow at a pace that matches the individual causing

individuals to move. It is better to appreciate the growth and mobility and

movement of the mind and take attrition as a natural phenomenon than to be

agitated about it and have sleepless nights. However, if the organization can do

something to create new opportunities, that meet the growing aspirations of

competent people, it should certainly be attempted.

COMPARISONS AND EQUITY CONSIDERATIONS:

Comparisons with peers or classmates from the same college, batch, age group,

organization, first job, city, etc. there are numerous dimensions on which

similarities can be picked up and compared. Individuals today are flooded with

such comparisons. Business magazines, compensation surveys by consultants

and MNC companies have only aggravated this situation and enhanced

comparisons. Organizations in their zeal to compete with one another in the

market places commission such compensation survey and further fuel the

situation instead of controlling it. Unfortunately some of these organizations have

to suffer the consequence of what they have created in their hay days.

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PARENTAL AND FAMILY MOBILITY

Sometimes the desire to be with the closed ones also pushes the person to

move. Although we have largely moved away from the joint family concept, there

are still strong affiliations and affections. Need for being close with the family,

spouse, children, parents, etc. at different stages of ones life to fulfill different

types of affiliation needs prompt a few people to leave their jobs and move from

one city to another.

JOB RELATED FACTORS:

The job related factors that cause the decision to leave are as following:

Inability to use ones’ competencies

Lack of challenge

Boss and his style

Lack of scope for growth in terms of position, salary, status and other

factors

Role clarity

Job stress or role stress or role stagnation

Lack of independence or freedom and autonomy

Lack of learning opportunities

Lack of excitement and innovation, novelty etc. in the job

These factors may be intrinsic and job related or extrinsic and job related or job

chemistry related. Intrinsic factors are the factors related to the characteristic of

the job. These are in plenty in BPOs where the work conditions (night work, work

at odd hours, the nature of clients to deals with, etc) pose difficulties.

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EXTRINSIC FACTORS

Are factors like role clarity, independence and autonomy, bad boss, wrong

chemistry of the team, work conditions that can be changed easily, lack of

respect shown to the individuals, etc. a large number of the extrinsic factors can

be controlled.

ECONOMIC FACTORS:

This deal with the aspirations in relation to salary and perks, housing, quality of

living, need for savings etc.

IN ADDITION TO THESE THERE COULD BE MANY OTHER FACTORS THAT

AFFECT DECISIONS:

Mobility of partner

Fatigue

Family reasons like having to look after old parents

Closeness to kith and kin ROI in education

FACTORS AFFECTING INDIVIDUAL DECISION TO LEAVE:

The factors can be classified as the following:

Individual related factors

Role or job related factors

Organization related factors

Professional factors

Societal factors including Peer pressure factors and socio-economic

Environment related factors

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CALCULATION OF ATTRITION RATE

Attrition in an organization simply refers to resignations in a particular month,

quarter or year. To simplify it further, it refers to the number of employees who

leave an organization. And formula for calculation fo attrition % is

Attrition%=(No. of Employees Quit) /(Avg. Employees during that time frame)

%100

Inputs for computing Annualized Value is

Monthly – Multiply the Value by 12

Quarterly – Multiply the Value by 4

Half Yearly – Multiply the value by 2

Annual – Do not multiply :-)

Just to elaborate with example with respect to data shared below is:

If in a month there are 65 no. of quit cases and average no. of emp strength till

date was 3012 then:

Attirition%YTD=65/3012*100=2.15% hence, monthly attrition %(YTD) for that

month will be 2.15%*12=25.8%

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WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR ATTRITION?

HR Heads are worried about employees leaving their organizations. Not only is it

costly to lose trained employees but their replacements are not easy to come by.

Hence the HR strives hard to keep attrition at the minimum.

I came across a public poll that was conducted at Cite HR (a popular meeting

point for HR professionals) to find the opinion of the HR community on the

reasons for attrition. The poll was titled 'Who will held responsible for

attrition?' and participants have to chose an option responsible for attrition. The

options were:

1. Employee

2. Supervisor or Line Manager

3. Compensation and Job Profile

The Poll Results: The HR community welcomed the poll and a large number of

them participated. The results of the poll on a specific date were as follows (The

poll still continues and numbers of voters have increased, however, the result

remains more or less same).

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Reason for exit % of respondents

Employee 08.03%

Supervisor or line manager 38.15%

Compensation & Job Profile 53.82%

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Attrition Rates in India During 2007 Different Sectors

The attrition rates in different sectors for the year ended 2007 are shown in the

following table: -

From the above table, we can deduce that for the year ended 2007, the attrition

rate in some sectors is grim. It is 50% in Retail Sector and Voice-based BPOs.

On an average, the attrition rate in Indian economy is around 20% where as

global average is around 24%.

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BPO INDUSTRY AN OVERVIEW

Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) is the delegation of one or more IT-

intensive business processes to an external provider that in turn owns

administers and manages the selected process based on defined and

measurable performance criteria. Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) is one of

the fastest growing segments of the Information Technology Enabled Services

(ITES) industry.

The Indian business process outsourcing industry, roughly around 4-5 years old,

is growing at a phenomenal pace. The number of BPO companies in Indian cities

has mushroomed from a handful a few years ago to about 500 in 2009. The size

of the Indian BPO market is likely to be around $9-12 billion by 2012 and will

employee around 400,000 people (ICRA, Indian BPO industry report). For a fresh

college graduate, a call centre job pays about 2.5 times as much as other job

openings. And the boom shows all signs of continuing considering that the cost

per transaction in India is estimated to be the lowest at 29 cents compared to 52

cents in China.

Even after displaying impressive statistics about the growth and future, the BPO

industry in India is bleeding with heavy attrition. According to several recruitment

firms in the country, attrition in the ITES (IT enabled services)-BPO industry is

close to 35-40 %. The worse news is that, this is only the reported figures and

the actual figures are much higher and can be as high as 80% annually.

Nasscom in a report said the outsourcing industry was expected to face a

shortage of 262,000 professionals by 2015. This impediment is likely to affect the

industry severely in the long run by creating a man power shortage as well as

bringing up the cost arbitrage on which the Indian industry is playing at the

moment.

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Attrition cannot be blindly classified with a negative connotation. A healthy

attrition rate in any industry is necessary for new ideas and innovation to flow in

as well as to facilitate the overall growth of the industry in terms of knowledge

sharing. But after a particular level the same boon becomes a bane.

Recruiters explain that the high attrition rates significantly increase the

investments that are made on the employees. The problem of losing funds in

employee acquisition is more prominent in the high-end BPO segment.

Companies invest a lot of time and money in training a candidate for the first four

months. But these investments do not always get converted into actual profits. In

case of the BPO industry, each agent level recruitment roughly costs the

company Rs. 10000/-. This is the amount which a company needs to pay the job

recruitment agency. Other than the direct cost, an associated cost of training and

administrative service is also involved. Each agent works is non-productive or

partly productive in the organization for nearly the first 2-3 months. Hence an

employee leaving the organization within the first 6 months is a bad investment

for the company. Also, as stated earlier the cost of attrition in the industry is 1.5

times the annual salary.

However, there is another perspective for attrition which is specific to the BPO

industry in India. India at the moment is working on low end Business Processes

which do not require quite a lot of amount of high skills. The reason for India's

success has been primarily the low cost, high quality labor which India provides.

Compared to other competitors such as Philippines, South Africa, Ireland; India is

the only country where we have a balance between the cost involved and the

quality provided till now

For Indian companies to remain successful in future they would have to keep the

cost low. Since the tasks performed by an agent are pretty standard and does

not require added skills, there is no benefit in retaining a highly experienced

employee. At the floor level operation, a non-experienced candidate could work

with the same efficiency of a 2-3 year experienced employee after minimal

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training. Hence the industry players consider the present attrition as a positive

attrition which is serving the industry by keeping the cost low.

Few of the motivation factors as to why BPO is gaining ground are:

Factor Cost Advantage

Economy of Scale

Business Risk Mitigation

Superior Competency

Utilization Improvement

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DIFFERENT TYPES OF SERVICES BEING OFFERED BY BPO’S

Customer Support Services

Our customer service offerings create a virtual customer service center to

manage customer concerns and queries through multiple channels including

voice, e-mail and chat on a 24/7 and 365 days basis.

Technical Support Services

 Our technical support offerings include round-the-clock technical support and

problem resolution for OEM customers and computer hardware, software,

peripherals and Internet infrastructure manufacturing companies. These include

installation and product support, up & running support, troubleshooting and

Usage support.

Telemarketing Services

Our telesales and telemarketing outsourcing services target interaction with

potential customers for ‘prospecting’ like either for generating interest in products

and services, or to up-sell / promote and cross sell to an existing customer base

or to complete the sales process online.

Employee IT Help-desk Services

Our employee IT help-desk services provide technical problem resolution and

support for corporate employees.

BRAND EQUITY:

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People still consider BPO to be “low brow”, thus making it difficult to attract the

best talent.

CAUSES OF ATTRITION IN BPO INDUSTRY

Attrition in the BPO industry is two fold. One part of the attrition is where the

employee leaves the industry entirely. The other section of attrition is where the

employee joins another firm in the industry. Both the sections have separate

reasons which need to be identified.

The primary reason for people leaving the industry is due to the cause that the

industry is viewed as a gap filler occupation. There seems to be a flaw in the way

the industry is structured. The industry has been mainly dependent on

youngsters who are taking out time to work, making money in the process also

while thinking of career alternatives. Hence for this group BPO is never a long

term career but only as a part time job. The easy availability of BPO jobs is only a

source of easy money till the time there is no other source of funding. Also the

unfriendly working conditions, late night work shifts, high tension jobs acts as a

deterrent for people to stick to this industry for long time. In addition, the BPO

jobs are not being taken with a positive spirit by the society on a large. Research

says that nearly 50 per cent of those who quit leave the industry.

Regarding the attrition between firms, the chief cause is the unavailability of

resources in the job market causing a great demand compared to the supply

available. Presently there is no certified institute providing BPO specific training

and education. The scarce resource in the market leads to wide scale poaching

and head hunting amongst the competitors for the common pool. Due to the

immaturity prevalent in the industry, the industry also has not witnessed mature

HR processes such as Work force planning being implemented by the firms.

Usually new projects in the BPO industry, requires a transition stage to be

implemented within a short time. The lack of preplanned recruitment leaves the

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firms with no option but to fulfill their immediate requirement by poaching

resources working on similar projects in other firms.

ROLE OF HR DEPARTMENT

Attrition Rate is good for the organization as long as the rate is at normal level.

This will help the organization to get new blood into the organization and for the

organization to develop. But it becomes a problem when the attrition rate is

abnormal. Therefore, HR Department has the most crucial role to play in any

organization. At the time of conducting interviews, the HR personnel try to bring

right candidate to the right job. Similar is true even when the attrition rate is

abnormal, so they have a very crucial role to play.

Following are some of the tips to reduce attrition rate: -

Hiring individuals who are truly fit to succeed in the position for hire will

dramatically increase the chances of that employee being satisfied with his or her

work, and remaining with the company for an extended period of time.

Employees should not only be selected on the basis of communication skills and

educational qualifications.

Communication of employee's roles, job description and the responsibilities

within the organization, new policies will help to retain employees.

Participative Decision Making - It is incredibly important to include employees

in the decision making process, especially when decisions are related to

employees. This can help to generate new ideas and perspectives that top

management might never have thought of.

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Multi-Tasking - One of the ways to retain the employees in the organization is

try to get people with different qualities like smart, adaptable, and capable of

multi-tasking.

Sharing of Knowledge with Others - Allow the members to share their

knowledge with others. This helps in retention of information. This also lets a

team member know that he is a valuable member of the organization. Similarly,

facilitating knowledge sharing through an employee mentoring program can be

equally beneficial.

Shorten the Feedback Loop - This helps the employees to know the feedback

to their work within a short period. This also helps to keep performance levels

high and reinforce positive behavior among employees.

Pay Package - Any employee wants to be appropriately paid and fairly for the

work he or she does. For this, conduct a research to find out the pay package in

other similar type of organizations at regional as well as at national levels.

Balance Work & Personal Life - No doubt family is exceptionally important to

employees. When work begins to put pressure on one family, no pay package

will keep an employee in the organization. Therefore, there should be a balance

between work and personal life.

Organizational Culture - Try to select the candidates who believe in the

organization culture and adopt with ease to organization culture.

Exit Interview with the employees who are leaving the organization will help the

organization to find out the reasons why the employees are leaving the

organization. This will also help to find out any drawbacks in the organization.

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Motivational Training - It is sure that motivational training helps to retain the

employees. One of the crucial aspects to motivate employees is to ensure that

they have ample growth opportunities which can be provided through training.

TACKLING ATTRITION HEAD-ON

Industry experts feel, as the industry was still in its nascent strategy there was lot

of strategies available to reverse this trend and make it an attractive employer.

NASSCOM ITES-BPO forum has identified HR as one of the key challenges of

the ITES-BPO industry and has formed a special task force to address short-term

challenges such as Attrition and also long-term challenges such as ensuring

availability of a skilled talent pool.

To arrest this trend, companies can look into various options like good rewards,

bonding programme, flexible working hours and stronger career path. With

attrition rates ranging between 30-60 percent in the BPO industry, HR specialists

feel that a scientific and analytical approach should be implemented.

The tremendous turnover rate is undeniably one of the main problems faced by

the BPO industry globally. HR specialists at the Nasscom 2004 summit

brainstormed on various approaches to handle this bugbear- either declare war

on attrition and tackle it head on, or adopt a more scientific analytical approach.

29

Pay cheques alone are not enough to retain employees. Management also

needs to consider other aspects like secure career, benefits, perks and

communication. The attrition battle could be won by focusing on retention,

making work a fun place, having education and ongoing learning for the

workforce and treating applicants and employees in the same way as one treats

customers.

Companies need to go in for a diverse workforce, which does not only mean

race, gender diversity, but also include age, experience and perspectives.

Diversity in turn results in innovation and success. The 80:20 rule also applies to

recruitment, she quipped, since studies showed that 80 percent of the company's

profit comes from the efforts of 20 percent of the employees. So BPOs need to

focus on roles, which have the most important impact.

According to experts, the cost of attrition is 1.5 times the annual salary. Age

should not be a barrier for training employees and could in fact bring in more

stability to the company.

Update In November 2008

With the global financial meltdown it appears employees prefer to stick to their

current jobs as much as possible. In November 2013 BPO attrition is 50-60%

The attrition rate in few leading companies are,

Infosys BPO 17.3%

Wipro BPO 13.7%

TCS BPO 10.9%

Tesco HSC has seen a 6% drop in attrition

In 2013 the attrition rate was about 50-55%. 30

Created in September 2013, last updated Nov 2013.

BENEFITS OF ATTRITION

Attrition is not bad always if it happens in a controlled manner. Some attrition is

always desirable and necessary for organizational growth and development. The

only concern is how organizations differentiate “good attrition” from “bad attrition”.

The term “healthy attrition” or “good attrition” signifies the importance of less

productive employees voluntarily leaving the organization. This means if the ones

who have left fall in the category of low performers, the attrition in considered

being healthy.

Attrition rates are considered to be beneficial in some ways:

If all employees stay in the same organization for a very long time, most of

them will be at the top of their pay scale which will result in excessive

manpower costs.

When certain employees leave, whose continuation of service would have

negatively impacted productivity and profitability of the company, the

company is benefited.

New employees bring new ideas, approaches, abilities & attitudes which

can keep the organization from becoming stagnant.

There are also some people in the organization who have a negative and

demoralizing influence on the work culture and team spirit. This, in the

long-term, is detrimental to organizational health.

Desirable attrition also includes termination of employees with whom the

organization does not want to continue a relationship. It benefits the

organization in the following ways:

31

o It removes bottleneck in the progress of the company

o It creates space for the entry of new talents

o It assists in evolving high performance teams

Attrition rate in BPO Companies is 7.8% points higher than

Other Industries

Attrition rates in India’s lucrative BPO industry are about 7.8 percentage points

higher than in other industries, according to a report released today by Hay

Group, a global management consultancy firm.

The finding comes from a new report, BPO Special Sector Survey 2008, based

on Hay Group’s global online compensation and benefits database, PayNet. It

showed that in general, staff turnover in India is 15.7%, but at BPO companies,

attrition is the country’s highest at 23.5%, followed by Communications and

Retail.

The report explained that one of the factors is that the remuneration structure

design is not as attractive when compared to other industries in India:

- Short-term incentives account for only 4% of total remuneration, compared to

10%

- Benefits are limited to those that can be enjoyed only post-retirement, like

pension fund and gratuity, and not during the employment period.

- While pay is generally designed to give employees more take-home cash, a

higher portion is allocated to allowances like housing/rent and not base salary.

32

KNOWLEDGE PROCESS OUTSOURCING (KPO)

India is soon going to see the rise of KPO’s, a glimpse of which has already been

shown by the BPO sector. The BPO sector and the KPO sector are closely

related to each other in terms of outsourcing of the processes.

Quite different from Business Process Outsourcing (BPO), KPO signifies high

end value added tasks in which execution depends on skill, expertise, domain

knowledge and experience of the experts handling the tasks. KPO usually

includes a segment of Business Process Outsourcing (BPO), Research Process

Outsourcing (RPO) and Analysis Proves Outsourcing (APO). It deals with highly

knowledge intensive tasks and activities and focus is on depth of knowledge,

experience and judgment. On the other hand, a BPO deals with improving

process efficiency and is focused on single processes, size volume and

efficiency.

It can be said that the growth and maturity of the BPO industry led to the

significant rise of the KPO industry. The success and substantial results achieved

by many organizations in outsourcing operational tasks have led them to

outsource high end knowledge and skill intensive tasks. Cost and time feasibility,

sound infrastructure, skilled and knowledgeable workforce, and improved quality

are some the factors that have worked to the advantage of KPO organizations

the world over. KPOs in India benefit from the easy availability of skilled and

trained specialists, technologically advanced infrastructure and advanced

communications tools that the country wields.

Knowledge process outsourcing calls for the application of skill, knowledge

and expertise pertinent to a high level area of specialization. These prerequisites

are being discovered and tapped by leading businesses across the globe

resulting in the outsourcing of high-end processes to low-wage destinations.

33

Hence Knowledge Process Outsourcing involves offshoring of knowledge

intensive business processes that require specialized domain expertise.

India emerging as a leader in KPO market because of the following

reasons:

Well established IT services and BPO sector

Excellent project management skills

Highly qualified professionals

Proficiency in English

Supporting government policies

Some challenges which KPO industry is facing are as following:

Expected dearth of domain expert professionals

High attrition rates

Talent retention

Data security and confidentiality

Growth drivers of KPO sector:

Shortage of knowledge professionals in countries like USA, UK, etc.

Low wages labour

BPOs moving up the value chain

Single vendor services

Talented workforce

Areas with significant KPO indluence include:

Pharmaceuticals

Integration and management services

Financial services

Research and analytics

Computer aided design (CAD)

34

Engineering design and professional services

RECENT TRENDS IN THE KPO INDUSTRY

According to a report by GlobalSourcingNow, the Global Knowledge Process

Outsourcing industry is expected to reach USD 17 billion by 2010. A report by

Evalueserve predicts that India will capture more than 70 percent of the

Knowledge Process Outsourcing sector by 2010. Apart from India, countries

such as Russia, China, the Czech Republic, Ireland, and Israel are also expected

to join the Knowledge Process Outsourcing industry.

The future of KPOs is not restricted to the ITES sector alone. The major

segments in a KPO include legal services, financial services, engineering, R&D,

market research, analytics, education, training, content development, healthcare

services, pharmacy, and biotechnology, etc.

BPO JOBS VS KPO JOBS

BPO jobs are great for beginners with limited experience, while KPO jobs require

in-depth domain expertise. Although, BPO jobs might pay more initially, but

considering the direction of career growth and salaries of senior employees in

KPO, it is definitely a better choice for those looking for a more fulfilling and long-

term career. Qualified individuals who perform well can get handsome salary

packages in this sector – much higher than BPOs. KPO jobs require a higher

commitment level and a positive attitude towards work.

BENEFITS OF KPO

The primary benefit of KPOs remains the same i.e cost savings, but it does not

end there. KPOs allow the added advantage of leveraging the expertise and

experience of seasoned professionals, experts and specialists in their specific

areas. Outsourcing your knowledge intensive projects or parts of your projects

allow you the time, flexibility and resources to take on more and more

35

challenging projects. Hence knowledge process outsourcing provides you more

than traditional cost feasibility.

BPO TO KPO: PROFITABLE TRANSITION

As the KPO market is expected to rise and touch $17 billion by 2010, the

transition of leading Business Process outsourcing (BPO) companies to

knowledge process outsourcing is but obvious. NASSCOM predicts a 45 % per

annum growth in the KPO industry till 2010 and lucrative areas include

engineering, design, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, basic data search and

integration and management.

The global economy is increasingly driving towards knowledge intensive

processes and hence, the creation, protection and monetization of knowledge is

becoming increasingly important. BPO services are process intensive while KPO

services are more domain knowledge intensive.

It has been established within most leading Indian BPO companies that BPO

services alone can keep the profits flowing. Though BPO services remains the

support business of many KPO services offer a 15-20 % higher profit margin than

pure and plain BPO work such as data entry, mortgage processing and customer

support. Global markets are becoming more flexible and products more complex,

creating a demand for higher level of analysis of trends based on technical data.

Hence, growth is more or less parallel to delivery of high-end competency on

demand.

Niche KPOs in areas such as decisions support services and financial data

services are built on domain capabilities and will thus remain unaffected by any

future advance in BPO services. It can be safely said that a business model

based solely on the execution of outsourced non core tasks cannot sus sustain a

36

company anymore as it is in BPO outsourcing. The money spinners are the

knowledge based, domain expertise intensive processes. Which is why niche

KPO companies are battling higher competition and attrition of clients to newbie

KPOs.

CHAPTER 4

COMPANY PROFILE

Syntel

Syntel, Inc. (NASDAQ: SYNT) is a global provider of Information Technology

(IT) and Knowledge Process Outsourcing (KPO) solutions, with global

development centers in India, and US.

Syntel was founded in Troy, Michigan in 1980 by Indian Bharat Desai, a graduate

of University of Michigan’s Stephen M. Ross School of Business and Neerja

Sethi with an initial investment of $2,000. Originally named “Systems

International,” the company began providing software staffing services to local

corporations, earning $30,000 in its first year. As of December 2008, Syntel has

over 12,300 employees and annual revenues in excess of $410 million

On February 24, 2009, Syntel announced the promotion of Keshav Murugesh,

formerly the company's Chief Operating Officer, to the position of President and

CEO. Founder and former CEO Bharat Desai will continue to serve as Chairman

of the Board, and is the majority shareholder.

37

Company History

1980: Syntel founded as a staff augmentation firm, an offering later known as

TeamSourcing.

1988: Syntel begins providing full lifecycle maintenance, development, and

migration services, which later evolve into the IntelliSourcing service

offering.

1992: Syntel opens its first two Global Development Centers in Mumbai and

Chennai India, making it one of the first U.S.-based IT service companies

to employ a global delivery model.

1994: Syntel’s revenues top $50 million and employs over 1,000 staff.

1994: Syntel opens a third Global Development Center in Cary, North Carolina,

which serves as US hub for Syntel's global voice and data network.

1997: Syntel becomes a public company in August, as the stock begins trading

on NASDAQ as SYNT; 3.45 million shares floated in its Initial Public

Offering (IPO); Syntel opens offices in London and Singapore; revenues

pass the $100 million mark.

1998: Syntel's Mumbai and Chennai Global Development Centers earn ISO 9001

certification; Syntel ranked #2 in Forbes’ “200 Best Small Companies in

America”

2000: Syntel begins exploring BPO service offerings by migrating its own HR,

Finance and Helpdesk operations from the US to India.

38

2001: Syntel’s Global Development Centers assessed at SEI CMM Level 5,

making Syntel one of only 15 U.S. companies to achieve this standard;

Syntel opens healthcare-focused Global Development Center in Nashville,

TN and a regional office in Munich, Germany.

2002: Syntel opens Global Development Centers in Phoenix, AZ and Pune,

India.

2003: Syntel’s Global Development Centers in Mumbai and Chennai achieve

ISO 9001:2000 certification.

2004: Syntel opens dedicated BPO center in Mumbai; Syntel’s Global

Development Centers achieve BS 7799 security certification.

2005: Syntel's Global Development Centers achieve SEI CMMi Level 5; Syntel

opens the first phase of its Pune Technology Campus. Syntel acquires a

27-acre (110,000 m2) parcel of land in Chennai for a second technology

campus.

2008: Syntel breaks ground on its Chennai technology campus and records more

that $400 million in revenues for the first time.

2009: Syntel promotes Keshav Murugesh to the post of President & CEO. Bharat

Desai remains as Chairman of the Board.

39

FACT SHEET

Contact information

525 E. Big Beaver, Suite 300

Troy, Michigan 48083

Tel: 248-619-2800

Fax: 248-619-2888

Notable Partners

Ab Initio, Actuate, AMEX, BEA Systems, Borland, Business Objects,

Citrix, Cognos, First Data, IBM, Identify Software, Informatica

Corporation, Mercury Interactive, Microsoft, MicroStrategy, Oracle

Corporation, Serden Technologies, Sun Microsystems, TIBCO,

Vianeta Communications

Industries Served Energy

Financial Services

Insurance

Health Care

Manufacturing/Automotive

Retail

40

Telecommunications

Logistics

Quality CertificationsSEI CMMi Level 5, ISO 9001:2000, ISO 27001, Project

Management Institute (PMI)

Services

Applications Outsourcing: Custom Application Development,

Maintenance, Platform Migrations/Enhancements. (67% of

revenues)

KPO: Accounts Payable, Accounts Receivable, Administration,

Billing, Bookkeeping, Call Center, Claims Processing, Contract

Management, Customer Service, Distribution Services, Due

Diligence, Financial Services, Helpdesk, Logistics, Payment and

Collection Services, Payroll, Sales and Marketing, Staffing, Strategy

and Analysis, Telemarketing and Transaction Processing. (20% of

revenues)

e-Business: Web Architecture/Integration, Data Warehousing,

Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Enterprise Application

Integration (EAI), Business Exchanges/Marketplaces. (10% of

revenues)

TeamSourcing: IT staff augmentation (3% of revenues)

Minority Certifications

Corporate Plus member of the National Minority Supplier

Development Council (NMSDC); Member of Michigan Minority

Business Development Council; and certified as a Minority Business

Enterprise by several other organizations

41

CHAPTER 5

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

METHODOLOGY

Methodology is the process how the study is done. It is very necessary to design

proper methodology for the project which should be scientific, realistic and

economical to arrive at reliable inferences relevant to the subject in line with the

aim and objective of the project.

SOURCES OF DATA:

INFORMATION SOURCES:

The information collected for this study is categorized mainly into two

sources:

Primary Data Sources

Secondary Data Sources

PRIMARY DATA SOURCES

The data will be collected by discussing with some BPO and KPO

companies.

SECONDARY DATA SOURCES

42

The information regarding the company profiles and area of operation will

be taken from companies’ websites.

www.managementparadise.com

www.bpoindia.com

www.google.com

www.coolavenues.com

TOOLS FOR DATA COLLECTION TOOLS

The data collection tools includes interview with company officials to get

their views on the topic in details and the company website.

TYPE OF STUDY

The data required was compiled through surveying by using structured

questionnaire and through interviews (personal interactions). The data collection

tools have been explained.

SAMPLE SIZE

The target population of this study includes employees at BPO and KPO

companies. The sample will be distributed among 50 employees is to covered.

The samples will be picked through judgment and quota sampling so as to

ensure appropriate representation survey of a cross section of employees and

thus to have a holistic picture.

SAMPLE STUDY

A survey questionnaire is designed to cover different aspects that influences and

mould the motivational levels of individuals. Said questionnaire were hand

43

delivered to the participants; and sufficient time of about one week was given to

them so as to facilitate mature, rational and realistic responses from them. The

filled in questionnaire were collected in the subsequent week.

Besides the questionnaire, some information was also gathered through personal

interactions/ Informal interviews with some more employees.

ANALYSIS OF DATA

The method used for analysis is of simple averages

A. The composite score is calculated using arithmetic mean of the

Average score of each factor separately.

X = x/N

Where, X = mean score in %

x = mean individual score

N = number of question under each factor

B. Taking out percentage scores for each individual factor is as follows:

% x = x/N * 100

Where, x = total score on that factor

N = number of individuals.

44

CHAPTER 6

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF THE DATA

COMPENSATION PACKAGE

The combination of salary and fringe benefits an employer provides to an employee. Taking a look on below chart we can see that majority i.e. about 32% employees are satisfied with the compensation package they are given.

DESCRIPTION RATING (%)

STRONGLY AGREE (SA) 32

AGREE (A) 12

NOT APPLICABLE/ NO COMMENTS (NA)

13

DISAGREE (D) 20

STRONGLY DISAGREE (SD) 23

45

SA32%

A12%N

13%

SD20%

D23%

SA

A

N

SD

D

It is pertinent to note that a good compensation package plays an important role

like providing a good professional environment, taking proper care of the hygienic

parameters thereby motivating employees to perform better and thus enhancing

productivity of the organization and to control the level of attrition through paying

better compensation.

As seen from the above plot the responses on the compensation package given

KPO companies and BPO companies are very encouraging and are an

invaluable asset in the evident above table, that the employees feel satisfied of

being working here in this sector from last many years, majority of employees

feel that they work with full enthusiasm. The minor components of disagreement

46

in the responses on the subject may be taken as the qualitative feedback for

detailed analysis and corrective action if necessary.

CAREER GROWTH

"Career growth" or "Job advancement" usually means a change from an entry level position to a job which has more duties and that receives more compensation. About 40% employees feel that they are having their career growth while working with the organization.

DESCRIPTION RATING (%)

STRONGLY AGREE (SA) 36

AGREE (A) 6

NOT APPLICABLE/ NO COMMENTS (NA)

14

DISAGREE (D) 16

STRONGLY DISAGREE (SD) 28

47

SA36%

A6%N

14%

SD28%

D16%

SA

A

N

SD

D

Every employee get an opportunities for growth in the organization and

are they are always uniform across the organization in various disciplines at all

levels, but due to heavy competition among the employees to climb up the ladder

first that why there, there is a mixed response in case of opinion about cross

disciplinary growth. Thus, representing the fact that the majority of employees

are satisfied with the available growth opportunities in their organization

pertaining to the career. Regular promotion, timely performance appraisals

always make them assured that they are having a bright future in the

organization.

NATURE OF ASSIGNMENT

It is very important to ensure assignment of right kind of job to the right person at

the right time for the active participation for the job in the management and also

for the effective accomplishment of the organization goals.

DESCRIPTION RATING (%)

STRONGLY AGREE (SA) 40

48

AGREE (A) 16

NOT APPLICABLE/ NO COMMENTS (NA)

22

DISAGREE (D) 12

STRONGLY DISAGREE (SD) 10

SA40%

A16%

N22%

SD10%

D12%

SA

A

N

SD

D

.

The Agree and Strongly Agree options put together constitute an overwhelming

percentage i.e.56% which shows that they are satisfied with their assignment. As

majority of disagreement is coming from the BPO sector as the type of job being

dine by the employees are repeated and in which quantity is come into the

picture rather than quality which finally become monotonous in nature that’s why

a person leave the jobs within months.

SKILLS

Timely refresher training are being provided to the employees so that

they can compete with the market demand in the area of skills and

education, technology etc,

DESCRIPTION RATING (%)

49

STRONGLY AGREE (SA) 56

AGREE (A) 18

NOT APPLICABLE/ NO COMMENTS (NA)

16

DISAGREE (D) 4

STRONGLY DISAGREE (SD) 6

SA56%

A18%

N16%

SD6%

D4%

SA

A

N

SD

D

As it is evident from the figure, the percentage score of the options Agree and

Strongly Agree put together is comparatively very high i.e.56%, thus indicating a

highly satisfies group of employees most of the employees feel that they are

being allowed to develop their skills are fulfilling the need of the current job to

help the organization and to meet the prevailing marketing challenges and also

the mechanisms, and training the person to improve their skills are in place.

The company also takes care that in long hours of continuous work they don’t

become monotonous. Company always try to give a responsible task to each

individual so that the company can check there style of workings and are they

competent enough to handle there work up to the companies standards.

GRIEVANCES

50

DESCRIPTION RATING (%)

STRONGLY AGREE (SA) 28

AGREE (A) 10

NOT APPLICABLE/ NO COMMENTS (NA)

14

DISAGREE (D) 24

STRONGLY DISAGREE (SD) 24

SA28%

A10%

N14%

SD24%

D24%

SA

A

N

SD

D

It is evident from the figure, the percentage score of the option Disagree and

Strongly Disagree put together is comparatively very high, thus indicating a

highly dissatisfied group of employees most of the employees feel that their

complaints and problem are not listened in the organization by this they faces

much problem.

Company do not always try to give a look on day to day issues which are faced

by the employees in the BPO sectors like working in night shift, are not suitable

now days, several cases are being coming on time to time basis but no action is

taken by any company regarding it.

51

PERSONAL POLICIES

Personal policies is the crucial part of the organization as every organization

takes care of it systematically during the time of policy making, it is also shows

the true picture of the organization. That’s why every employee always take care

of it.

DESCRIPTION RATING (%)

STRONGLY AGREE (SA) 40

AGREE (A) 10

NOT APPLICABLE/ NO COMMENTS (NA)

18

DISAGREE (D) 14

STRONGLY DISAGREE (SD) 18

SA40%

A10%

N18%

SD18%

D14%

SA

A

N

SD

D

Related to personal policies in which it is evident from the above figure, the

percentage score of the option Agree and Strongly Agree put together is 52

comparatively very high i.e. 50%, thus indicating a highly satisfied group of

employees majority of employees were agree with it and they think that policies

are flexible in nature. And company also wants that there should not be

absenteeism in the company.

SUGGESTIONS ACCEPTANCE

Acceptance of ideas and suggestions play an important role to motivate the

employees. Good performance should always be recognized and duly rewarded.

Reward system in the organization should be fair enough.

DESCRIPTION RATING (%)

STRONGLY AGREE (SA) 33

AGREE (A) 6

NOT APPLICABLE/ NO COMMENTS (NA)

30

DISAGREE (D) 13

STRONGLY DISAGREE (SD) 18

SA33%

A6%N

30%

SD18%

D13%

SA

A

N

SD

D

53

As in BPO companies mostly the projects are handled that’s why its not possible

that every suggestion is accepted, as well as there is high possibility of variation

of feedback. The figures in the graph are quiet balanced and shows that the

employees are equally proportioned with the prevailing reward system. However,

the component of disagreement on the subject in the responses may be taken as

qualitative feedback for detailed analysis and corrective measures of necessary.

INTERPERSONAL RELATION

Interpersonal relation plays a vital reason for attrition among the

employees. Above 55% employees feel that they have good relations

with their employers and subordinates.

DESCRIPTION RATING (%)

STRONGLY AGREE (SA) 36

AGREE (A) 20

NOT APPLICABLE/ NO COMMENTS (NA)

14

DISAGREE (D) 12

STRONGLY DISAGREE (SD) 18

54

SA36%

A20%

N14%

SD18%

D12%

SA

A

N

SD

D

Most of the employees have expectations linked with the performance based and

with the performance based and to job targets. Again rewards can be monetary

and non monetary. Also having a good relationship with boss and subordinates is

must.

The chart shows that the employees are satisfied with the prevailing reward

system as there expectations are being fulfilled by the organization. Some

exception are reflecting the component of disagreement, on the subject in the

responses may be taken as qualitative feedback for detailed analysis and

corrective measures if necessary for retaining the employees.

CHAPTER 7

RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

Regular one on one interaction should be undertaken with the employees

to understand their needs better.

Clear identification of training needs i.e., requirements and existing skills

and knowledge have to be formulated.

55

The growth, objectives and vision has to be communicated by the top

management on a regular basis to its employees.

Internal training should be initiated in terms of soft skills, communication

and technology with internal class room trainings.

The roles and responsibilities have to be clearly specified and

communicated.

Career succession planning to the employees has to be formulated,

identified and communicated

Employee should feel free to provide their suggestions based on a format

regularly formed that has to include

objectives/measures/targets/initiatives.

The team leader should be involved in selecting their required candidates/

sub ordinates which can be done on a format/sheet/card.

The compensation package has to be increased to the market level and

current trends.

Work location facilities should be improved.

56

CHAPTER 8

CONCLUSION

Employee attrition is no longer only an HR concern. To tackle this growing

menace, both the business function as well as HR needs to work hand-in-hand.

While business (line-staff) would need to take ownership of their employees, the

role of HR is to equip people managers to engage their teams effectively. Attrition

management has always been approached reactively. It is time to be proactive.

Lead indicators of attrition needs to be identified. One of the most common lead

indicators are is employee dissatisfaction. Role of people managers and HR is to

sense and identify possible dissatisfaction in employees and provided

solution/remedies before it takes any alarming form. Resolve the satisfaction and

arrest attrition is the mantra of the day. Treading along this path organization can

definitely make head way in the attrition maze.

So factors such as training, goal awareness, career succession planning

are important aspects to the employees and they prefer the organizational goals

to objectives should have their interest in their continuous growth. Regular feed

back and support also been involved in the attrition rate causes.

Attrition cannot be removed, but it can be reduced. If initiative is taken

towards this step, as per the recommendations of this research, then the attrition

rate can be lowered, so that the expenditures towards hiring and training an new

joiner which exceeds the cost of retaining an employee can be drastically brought

down.

57

The management has been continuously encouraging innovative practices in all

spheres as seen from the study. The employees are:

Satisfied with their compensation package

Satisfied with their working assignment

But not able to give better dedicated services due to the security of job

Not happy with the existing avenues to develop their creativity and

contributes to the organization to meet the market challenges

Not much jubilant with the measures provided by the organization as they

think that lot more can be done for them

As comparison to giant companies those who are working in still firms

growing are still in search for that big opportunity to join it. Due to this

factor in mind of every employee its affecting the whole organization.

58

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

Only a percentage of total employees could be interviewed but the

analysis is generalized.

The findings and conclusion drawn out of the study will reflect only existing

trends in the organization.

The accuracy and authenticity of the observation made and conclusions

drawn largely depend upon the corresponding accuracy and authenticity

of the information supplied by the concerned organization authorities and

employees.

Due to their busy schedules some of the participants might not had

sufficient time to entertain the research questionnaire.

CHAPTER 9

59

ANNEXURES

QUESTIONNAIRE

SR. NO.

DESCRIPTION SA

A NA

D SD

1. The compensation packages of the employees in

the company are at par with the market.

2. I am satisfied with the remuneration package and

other benefits that I receive

3. The salary I receive commensurate with my

qualification, experience and performance.

4. Do you feel that there are the possibilities for

carrier growth for employees in your organization

5. I believe there are sufficient opportunities for

career growth for all in the organization

6. Do you feel very well supported in your

professional growth and learning

7. Training, skills and competencies are given due

weightage in career growth.

8. Assignments are given as per individual’s skills,

competencies and attitudes.

9. I feel satisfied with the sense of accomplishment

after successful execution of my job.

10. Does Company provide opportunities for new

skills and technological Development

11. Efforts are made to tap the individuals skills and

potentials while giving job assignments.

S A N D S

SA A NA D SD

Strongly Agree

Agree Not applicable

Disagree Strongly Disagree

60

SR. NO.

DESCRIPTION A A D

12. Are the grievance been solved for the employees

13. I feel comfortable while discussing important job

matters with my boss

14. The interpersonal relations with subordinates,

equals & Seniors in general are quite productive.

15. The personal policies are transparent.

16. The job is challenging and interesting for employees.

17.

The job is as per employees expectations

18. Employees are allowed to develop their creativity

to help the organization meet market challenges

19.

.Are the suggestion openly accepted in the department.

20. Employees at all levels feel their involvement in

their contribution to the organization.

21.

Openness, Transparency and Value systems

are part of our work culture.

Monetary or financial incentives are necessary for retention? YES/NO

Would you like to suggest any measures which may be useful towards reducing the attrition rate?

PERSONAL DETAILS: (Kindly Tick the appropriate one)GENDER MALE FEMALE

AGE GROUP BELOW30

BETWEEN30 - 40

BETWEEN40-50

ABOVE50

** This exercise is purely academic in nature. The data so collected from the individuals will be solely used for academic work only.

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DISTRIBUTION OF QUESTIONS ON DIFFERENT ASPECTS

SL.NOS. PARAMETERS QUESTION NOS.

1 COMPENSATION PACKAGE 1,2,3

2 CAREER GROWTH 4,5,6,7

3 NATURE OF ASSIGNMENT 8,9

5 SKILLS 10,11

6 GRIEVANCES 12

7 INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS 13,14

8 PERSONAL POLICIES 15

9 CHALLENGES IN JOB 16,17,18

10 FEEDBACK MECHANISM 19,20,21

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CHAPTER 10

BIBLIOGRAPHY

LIST OF BOOKS

1. K.Aswathappa

Human Resource Management

Published by Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd.

Third Edition, 2003

2. S.V. Gankar & C.B. Mamoria

Personnel Management

LIST OF MAGAZINES, NEWSPAPERS AND JOURNALS

1. HRM Review- A Monthly Digest of Human Capital-ICFAI

- Attrition, March 2008

WEBSITES

www.citehr.com

www.businessworlindia.com

www.icfai.com

www.google.com

www.bpoindia.com

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