mag yr5 ps 5.2.22 - the curriculum place

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Australian Curriculum Year 5 Australian Code ACMNA291 Use efficient mental and wri:en strategies and apply appropriate digital technologies to solve problems. Key Idea It is important to explicitly teach thinking skills as a means of equipping all students with important tools that will assist students to be lifelong learners. By learning problemsolving in mathemaHcs, students should acquire ways of thinking, habits of persistence and curiosity, and confidence in unfamiliar situaHons that will serve them well outside the mathemaHcs classroom. In everyday life and in the workplace, being a good problem solver can lead to great advantages.” (NCTM principles and standards for school mathemaHcs page 200). Resources FISH Strategy Cards Learning Journal FISH pockets (op:onal) QR code reader Introduc7on Ac7vity Process: Revise FISH (MAG 5.1.1) Complete introductory ac:vity process Complete what does the acronym mean ac:vity Complete stages of FISH ac:vity Ac7vity Process: FISH Strategies Using an iPad using Inspira:ons or interac:ve whiteboard create a concept map with a Red, Blue, Yellow and Green Symbol for the FISH. This map will con:nue to grow as the learners work with a variety of problems. Ask learners to start an ‘ I can’ strategies list in their learning journal as a two column guide. Explain that problem solving is at the heart of Mathema:cs and is an essen:al life skill that we use everyday intui:vely but not always efficiently. Explain that problem solving is higher level thinking when we do it well. Each strategy (yellow cards) is a category of strategies and an have a number of varia:ons. Ask learners to think of Yellow FISH as reminders of possible strategies that they can use in different contexts for different purposes. 1 ApplicaHon Problem Solving includes formula:ng and solving authen:c problems using whole numbers and measurements and crea:ng financial plans Reasoning includes inves:ga:ng strategies to perform calcula:ons efficiently, con:nuing paUerns involving frac:ons and decimals, interpre:ng results of chance experiments, posing appropriate ques:ons for data inves:ga:ons and interpre:ng data sets Two proficiency strands are supported the FISH process.

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Australian  Curriculum  Year  5  Australian  Code  ACMNA291  -­‐  Use  efficient  mental  and  wri:en  strategies  and  apply  appropriate  digital  technologies  to  solve  problems.    Key  Idea-­‐  It  is  important  to  explicitly  teach  thinking  skills  as  a  means  of  equipping  all  students  with  important  tools  that  will  assist  students  to  be  life-­‐long  learners.        

By  learning  problem-­‐solving  in  mathemaHcs,  students  should  acquire  ways  of  thinking,  habits  of  persistence  and  curiosity,  and  confidence  in  unfamiliar  situaHons  that  will  serve  them  well  outside  the  mathemaHcs  classroom.      

In  everyday  life  and  in  the  workplace,  being  a  good  problem  solver  can  lead  to  great  advantages.”  (NCTM  principles  and  standards  for  school  mathemaHcs  page  200).    Resources  •  FISH  Strategy  Cards  •  Learning  Journal  •  FISH  pockets  (op:onal)  •  QR  code  reader    

             Introduc7on    Ac7vity  Process:  Revise  FISH  (MAG  5.1.1)    u  Complete  introductory  ac:vity  process  u  Complete  what  does  the  acronym  mean  ac:vity  u  Complete  stages  of  FISH  ac:vity  

             Ac7vity  Process:  FISH  Strategies    Using  an  iPad  using  Inspira:ons  or  interac:ve  whiteboard  create  a  concept  map  with  a  Red,  Blue,  Yellow  and  Green  Symbol  for  the  FISH.  This  map  will  con:nue  to  grow  as  the  learners  work  with  a  variety  of  problems.    Ask  learners  to  start  an  ‘  I  can’  strategies  list  in  their  learning  journal  as  a  two  column  guide.    Explain  that  problem  solving  is  at  the  heart  of    Mathema:cs  and  is  an  essen:al  life  skill  that  we  use  everyday  intui:vely  but  not  always  efficiently.      Explain  that  problem  solving  is  higher  level  thinking  when  we  do  it  well.    Each  strategy  (yellow  cards)  is  a    category  of  strategies  and  an  have  a  number  of    varia:ons.  

Ask  learners  to  think  of  Yellow  FISH  as  reminders  of  possible  strategies  that  they  can  use  in  different  contexts    for  different  purposes.    

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ApplicaHon  

Problem  Solving  includes  formula:ng  and  solving  authen:c  problems  using  whole  numbers  and  measurements  and  crea:ng  financial  plans  

Reasoning  includes  inves:ga:ng  strategies                to  perform  calcula:ons  efficiently,  con:nuing                              paUerns  involving  frac:ons  and  decimals,  interpre:ng  results  of  chance                                            experiments,  posing  appropriate  ques:ons  for  data  inves:ga:ons  and                                                                interpre:ng  data  sets    

Two  proficiency  strands  are  supported  the  FISH  process.  

Paraphrasing-­‐Demonstrate  ac:ve  listening.  Teacher  pays  close  aUen:on  to  what  is  said  and  signaling  that  listening  to  others  is  important  and  providing  a  model  of  it  helps  you  understand  beUer,  builds  sense  of  being  valued  and  capable.  When  learners  feel  that  all  are  treated  equally  the  risk  of  speaking  up  is  reduced.    

‘The  Lollipop  lady  is  very  popular  with  students  at  the  local  school.  Along  with  her  usual  morning  smile,  she  has  a  daily  riddle  for  students.  Yesterday  she  asked.  How  do  5  and  9  more  make  2?’    

Use  a  two  column  guide  Invite  learners  to  think  and  except  all  ideas:  •   of  all  the  things  you  can  do  with  5  and  9.    •  all  the  places  you  see  5  and  9    

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Teaching  problem  solving    has  to  be  in  sync  with  what  is  developmentally  reasonable  for  learners.  It  is  not  enough  to  engage  learners,  the  teachers’  aim  needs  to  be  to  enable  them.  To  capitalize  on  the  natural  ability  of  children  to  look,  listen  and  talk  to  make  sense  of  the  world.  To  provide  opportuni:es  to  use  and  widen  their  capacity  to  learn  on  their  own.    To  enable  this  aim  teachers  need  to  understand  that  the  FISH  process  ques:ons  are  essen:al.    The  ques:ons  are  consistently  repeated  ini:ally  so  that  learners  get  used  to  them,  recognise  them  and  begin  to    incorporate  them  into  their  own  process.  The  aim  for  the  teacher  is  to  pose  ques:ons  that  lead  to  cogni:ve  habits  that  s:ck.    

The  strategy  ac:vi:es  that  follow  should  be  modeled  through  the  teachers  facilita:on  of  discussion  by  poin:ng  to  the  observed  details  in  the  text,  responding  to  all  learners  comments.  Paraphrasing  each  comment  and  linking  one  comment  to  another.    

Poin7ng-­‐What  is  observed  in  the  text/problem    For  Example.  The  Lollipop  lady  is  very  popular  with  students  at  the  local  school.  Along  with  her  usual  morning  smile,  she  has  a  daily  riddle  for  students.  Yesterday  she  asked.  How  do  5  and  9  more  make  2?  In  this  problem  the  red  fish  ques:on  is  how  and  make  is  also  located  in  text  where  the  blue  fish  informa:on  is  located.                It  is  important  to  point  out  that  the  red-­‐what  am  I  asked  to  find?  and  the  blue-­‐what  informa:on  do  I  have?  Are  not  always  stated  at  the    beginning  of  the  problem.  This  problem  also  provides  the  opportunity  to  talk  about  the  kind  of  informa:on  it  involves-­‐a  riddle,  which  has  an  impact  on  the  nature  of  the  answer.  Consider  all  possibili:es  is  an  approach  to  start  with.  

Linking-­‐Shows  how  ideas  interact,  by  connec:ng  literal  and  inferen:al  ideas  that  agree  and  disagree.  It  also  illustrates  how  ideas  develop.  Learners  grow  to  understand  how  knowledge  is  created  rather  than  simply  delivered  by  a  teacher.  They  learn  to  think  things  through  on  their  own  and  to  allow  different  ideas  to  be  considered.  Look  at  the  ideas  in  the  first  column  and  ask  What  can’t  you  do  with  5  and  9  more  to  make  2?    A  simple  answer  might  be  just  add  or  subtract  the  numbers.  Ask  why  is  this  not  a  strategy  that  will  lead  to  a  reasonable  answer.  

As  this  is  a  riddle  ask  learners  to  consider  much  they  are  influenced  by  the  work  ‘make’  Ask  learners  to  consider  the  list  and  suggest  how  5  and  9  more  make  2.    Move  possible  clues  in  the  second  column.    As  we  have  not  found  a  simple  opera:ons  solu:on  ask  learners  to  carefully  consider  all  the  places  you  see  5  and  9?    Reasonable  solu7on  is  on  a  clock  using  12  hour  :me  On  the  clock  5  plus  9  hours  makes  2  o’clock.    Extend  the  problem  by  asking  learners  to  create  a    maths  riddle  of  their  own  

Guess,  Check  and  Improve  Strategy  Tired  of  riding  the  surf,  playing  catch  and  flying  kites,  Rory  and  Pablo  are  coun:ng  birds  at  the  beach.  There  are  lots  of  birds,  especially  sea  gulls  and  sandpipers.  At  one  :me  during  the  day  the  boys  count  142  sea  gulls  and  sandpipers  altogether.    There  was  42  more  sea  gulls  than  sandpipers.  How  many  sea  gulls  and  how  many  sandpipers  did  they  count?    Extend  it  The  boy  sister  counted  224  birds  altogether.  She  counted  82  more  sea  gulls  than  sandpipers.  How  many  sandpipers  and  how  many  sea  gulls  did  she  count.    

Look  and  Find  a  PaSern  Each  winter  Elephant  Seals  return  to  the  Ano  Nuevo  State  Park  on  the  Californian  coast.  On  the  first  day  of  their  return,  park  rangers  count  5  seals  lying  on  the  beach.  On  the  second  day,  6  more  seals  arrive.  On  the  third  day,  7  more  seals  arrive.  Each  day  the  number  of  seals  that  arrives  increases  by  one  more  than  the  number  of  seals  that  arrived  the  day  before.  At  this  rate,  how  many  seals  will  be  on  the  beach  at  the  end  of  the  eighth  day?    Extend  it  If  the  number  of  seals  increases  by  four  each  day,  how  many  seals  will  be  on  the  beach  at  the  end  of  the  eighth  day?    

Work  Backwards  Andrew’s  soccer  team  is  having  a  great  season.  The  team  is  being  coached  by  Andrew’s  mother,  who  has  divided  the  team  into  five  groups.  ½  the  players  are  forwards,  1/6  are  wings,  1/6  are  halkacks,  1/12  are  fullbacks,  and  two  others  are  goalies.  How  many  players  are  on  Andrew’s  team,  and  how  many  are  in  each  group?    Extend  it  On  the  opposing  team  ½  are  forwards,  ¼  are  halkacks,  1/8  are  wings,  1/16  are  fullbacks  and  two  are  goalies.  How  many  players  are  on  this  team?    

Model-­‐Draw  a  Picture,  Model  or  Diagram  It’s  a  wet  weather  day  so  the  class  must  stay  inside  for  lunch.  Meagan  and  Monica  are  nearly  finished  with  their  checker  game.  Each  player  has  one  piece  lem  on  the  board.  Begin  at  Megan’s  red  checker  piece’s  posi:on,  and  move  two  squares  north  towards  the  middle  of  the  board.  Now  move  east  one  square,  then  go  south  one  square  and  turn  east.  Go  east  three  squares  and  finally  south  one.  Now  place  Monica’s  black  checker  piece  in  this  square.  How  far  apart  are  the  two  pieces  on  the  board?    Extend  it  From  Megan’s  red  piece  go  north  4  squares,  east  5,  south  2,  west  4,  and  south  2.  How  far  apart  are  the  two  checker  pieces    

Problem  Solving  Progression-­‐learners  with  different  experiences  think  differently  through  developmental  stages  

Begin  to  develop  own  ways  of  recording  

Begin  to  look  for  paUerns  in  results  as  they  work  and  use  them  to  find  other  possible  outcomes  

Begin  to  organise  their  work  and  check  results  

Begin  to  understand  and  use  formulae  and  symbols  to  represent  problems  

Begin  to  work  in  an  organised  way  from  the  start  

Break  a  several-­‐step  problem  or  inves:ga:on  into  simpler  steps  

Check  answers  and  ensure  solu:ons  make  sense  

Check  as  they  work,  sponng  and  correc:ng  errors  and  reviewing  methods  

Check  their  methods  and  jus:fy  answers  

Check  their  work  and  make  appropriate  correc:ons  eg.  decide  that  two  numbers  less  than  100  cannot  give  a  total  more  than  200  and  correct  the  addi:on  

Choose  their  own  equipment  appropriate  to  the  task,  including  calculators  

Consider  appropriate  units  

Consider  efficient  methods,  rela:ng  problems  to  previous  experiences  

Decide  how  best  to  represent  conclusions,  using  appropriate  recording  

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Use  Concrete  Materials  Strategy  Two  adults  and  two  children  have  been  stranded  on  an  island  in  a  river.  They  must  cross  the  wide  river  to  safety,  but  they  only  have  one  canoe.  The  canoe  can  either  take  one  adult  or  two  children  at  a  :me.  How  can  they  safely  reach  the  other  side?    Extend  it  What  if  there  were  three  children  and  two  adults?        Solve  a  Simpler  Problem  Strategy  There  were  tulips  of  every  colour  and  size  on  floats  at  the  Tulip  Bowl  Parade  in  Amsterdam.  There  was  nine  marshals  sta:oned  every  two  blocks  along  the  parade  route  to  help  control  the  crowd.  The  marshals  will  meet  amer  the  parade  to  make  a  report.  Because  the  marshals  are  not  used  to  their  wooden  shoes,  what  is  the  fewest  number  of  combined  blocks  they  could  walk  for  their  mee:ng?    Extend  it  If  there  was  11  marshals,  what  would  be  the  fewest  number  of  combined  blocks  they  would  have  to  walk  amer  the  parade.    Ac7ng  it  Out  Strategy  Sylvia  Spider  spins  a  web  each  morning  that  sparkles  in  the  early  morning  dew.  The  web  has  three  circles:  an  outer  circle,  a  middle  circle,  and  an  inner  circle.  Sylvia  divides  the  circles  into  eight  equal  sec:ons.  One  morning  Sylvia  no:ces  18  dewdrops  on  the  web.  There  was  an  even  number  of  dewdrops  in  each  of  the  three  circles,  and  there  was  an  even  number  of  dewdrops  within  each  each  of  eight  sec:ons  of  the  circles.  What  are  the  two  possible  arrangements  of  the  dewdrops?    Extend  it  Can  you  make  up  your  own  problems  with  more  dewdrops  and  new  condi:ons?    Write  a  Number  Sentence  Strategy  Alden,  Tony  and  David  were  building  sandcastles  in  the  sandpit  during  big  lunch.  They  built  ______  sandcastles.  Megan  and  Aaron  came  along  and  built  more  sandcastles.  They  had  _________  sandcastles  in  all.  How  many  did  Megan  and  Aaron  build?    Extend  it  Can  you  rewrite  this  problem  with  an  element  of  :me  added?      

Develop  an  organised  approach  as  they  get  into  recording  their  work  on  a  problem  

Discuss  their  mathema:cal  work  and  begin  to  explain  their  thinking  

Draw  simple  conclusions  of  their  own  and  give  an  explana:on  of  their  reasoning  

Explain  and  jus:fy  their  methods  and  solu:ons  

Iden:fy  and  obtain  necessary  informa:on  to  carry  through  a  task  and  solve  mathema:cal  problems  

Iden:fy  more  complex  paUerns,  making  generalisa:ons  in  words  and  begin  to  express  generalisa:ons  using  symbolic  nota:on  

Iden:fy  paUerns  as  they  work  with  the  assistance  of  probing  ques:ons  and  prompts  

Make  generalisa:on  with  the  assistance  of  probing  ques:ons  and  prompts  

Make  connec:ons  to  previous  work  

Make  their  own  sugges:ons  of  ways  to  tackle  a  range  of  problems  

Organise  their  work  from  the  outset,  looking  for  ways  to  record  systema:cally  

Organise  wriUen  work  eg.  record  results  in  order  

Pose  and  answer  ques:ons  related  to  a  problem  

Predict  what  comes  next  in  a  simple  number,  shape  or  spa:al  paUern  or  sequence  and  give  reasons  for  their  opinions   4  

5  

Australian  Curriculum  By  the  end  of  Year  5,  students  solve  simple  problems  involving  the  four  opera:ons  using  a  range  of  strategies.        They  check  the  reasonableness  of  answers  using  es:ma:on  and  rounding.      Students  iden:fy  and  describe  factors  and  mul:ples.      They  explain  plans  for  simple  budgets.      Students  connect  three-­‐dimensional  objects  with  their  two-­‐dimensional  representa:ons.      They  describe  transforma:ons  of  two-­‐dimensional  shapes  and  iden:fy  line  and  rota:onal  symmetry.      Students  compare  and  interpret  different  data  sets.    

Students  order  decimals  and  unit  frac:ons  and  locate  them  on  number  lines.      

They  add  and  subtract  frac:ons  with  the  same  denominator.      

Students  con:nue  paUerns  by  adding  and  subtrac:ng  frac:ons  and  decimals.      

They  find  unknown  quan::es  in  number  sentences.      

They  use  appropriate  units  of  measurement  for  length,  area,  volume,  capacity  and  mass,  and  calculate  perimeter  and  area  of  rectangles.      

They  convert  between  12  and  24  hour  :me.      

Students  use  a  grid  reference  system  to  locate  landmarks.      They  measure  and  construct  different  angles.      Students  list  outcomes  of  chance  experiments  with  equally  likely  outcomes  and  assign  probabili:es  between  0  and  1.      Students  pose  ques7ons  to  gather  data,  and  construct  data  displays  appropriate  for  the  data.  

Make  a  List    Three  children  walk  down  a  fimeen  step  fire  escape.  Lisa  walks  down  one  step  at  a  :me.  She  begins  by  punng  her  lem  foot  on  the  first  step.  Alex  is  in  a  hurry  and  walks  down  two  steps  at  a  :me,  star:ng  with  his  right  foot.  He  starts  on  the  second  step.  Joel  is  in  more  of  a  hurry  and  takes  three  steps  at  a  :me,  beginning  on  the  third  step  with  his  lem  foot.    Which  step  will  be  the  first  one  they  all  step  on?      Extend  it  Will  all  the  children  stand  on  the  same  step  with  their  lem  foot?    Assessment  

With

   Supp

ort  

With

out  

Supp

ort  

Able  to  iden:fy  informa:on  that  is  important  to  solving  the  problem,  and  determine  what  is  missing  

Able  to  use  appropriate  mathema:cal  vocabulary  to  explain  thinking  

Able  to  describe  strategies  and  methods  used  to  successfully  solve  problem  

Able  to  solve  problem  pose  a  similar  problem  for  another  learner  

The  chart  below  is  a  star:ng  point  for  assessment  combining  the  highlighted  red  dots  on  pages  3,  4  and  5.      Pages  3  and  4  have  a  progression  chart,  showing  the  suggested  development  of  thinking  and  problem  solving  over  :me    www.nrich.maths.org.      On  page  5  the  Year  5  Australian  Curriculum  Mathema:cs  standard  has  been  listed.