Macromolecules Structure and Function

Mr. Hunter

Biology IB Biochemistry

12/14/2009

Carbon Compounds

• All organic compounds contain ________.

• Other compounds contain carbon covalently bonded to other elements such as ______ and oxygen

Carbohydrates

• Carbohydrates are compounds made of carbon ______ and _______ atoms

• The ratio of these atoms are ___ 2 ___.• The building blocks of larger molecules

are called __________.• They are linked together by a _______

synthesis to form larger polymers.• The monomer units of sugars are called

monosaccharides.

Monosaccharides

• Glucose is a monosaccharide of _______.• The formula for glucose is C6H12O6

• Glucose is a major source of ______ in cells.

• Fructose is also a monosaccharide.

• ________ are double sugars from the joining of 2 monosaccharides via. Dehydration synthesis.

Energy Storage

• Some polysaccharides function as storehouses for energy.

• Glycogen and _______ are examples of energy storing polysaccharides.

• Both are composed of hundreds of linked ________ molecules.

• ________ is a polysaccharide that provides structural support for plants.

Lipids

• ______ polar molecules that are not soluble in water.

• They include fats, phospholipids, steroids and ________

• Steroids include cholesterol which is found in animal cell _________.

• Phospholipids make of the _______ bilayer of the cell _________

Lipids and Fats

• The plant pigment, _________ is also a lipid.

• Fats are lipids that store energy.• A typical fat molecule contains three fatty

acids bonded to a ______ molecule.• Glycerol is an alcohol with three _____

atoms.• A fatty acid consists of a long chain of

carbon and ______ atoms.

Lipids and Fats

• Saturated fatty acids do not contain _____ bonds.

• They are _______ at room temperature.

• Examples are butter, lard etc.

• Unsaturated fatty acids contain double bonds.

• They are liquid at room temperature.

• Examples are olive oil, corn oil etc.

Review Questions

• Page. 37 Green, Holt Text Book.

• Review 2-3 1-5