macroalgae and mechanical aquatic harvesting dr. bruce a ......macroalgae and mechanical aquatic...

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Macroalgae and Mechanical Aquatic Harvesting Dr. Bruce A. Richards Chief Scientist Weedoo Shoreline Workboats, Inc. West Palm Beach, Florida May 11, 2016 Macroalgae or “seaweeds” are simple multicellular plants that attach to a substrate such as a sandy bottom or connected to rocks. Generally speaking macroalgae divides into three phylums: the green macroalgae (Chlorophyta), red macroalgae (Rhodophyta) and brown macroalgae (Ochrophyta). These structures resemble vascular plants but their biological structure differs from the more complex terrestrial plants. The body of macroalgae resembles a stalk or stem and is called the thallus or with kelp called the blade. Macroalgae lacks true roots, but does have structures called holdfasts that serve a similar purpose as a root system by attaching to a substrate. Problems: Macroalgae is a major problem especially in saltwater estuaries and canals. Overgrowth of macroalgae decreases the ability for swimming, fishing or boating. Macroalgae is used by invertebrates and fish for habitat in the absence of vascular plants like Zostera (often called eelgrass). Macroalgae can cause a host of problems including: increased boating repair & maintenance costs, declined plant diversity, poor circulation, lower dissolved oxygen, nutrient accumulation, odor from decaying macroalgal mats and eventually lower real estate values of homes around the waterbody. Brown, Red and Green Macroalgae

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Page 1: Macroalgae and Mechanical Aquatic Harvesting Dr. Bruce A ......Macroalgae and Mechanical Aquatic Harvesting Dr. Bruce A. Richards Chief Scientist Weedoo Shoreline Workboats, Inc. West

Macroalgae and Mechanical Aquatic Harvesting Dr. Bruce A. Richards

Chief Scientist Weedoo Shoreline Workboats, Inc.

West Palm Beach, Florida May 11, 2016

     Macroalgae  or  “seaweeds”  are  simple  multicellular  plants  that  attach  to  a  substrate  such  as  a  sandy  bottom  or  connected  to  rocks.    Generally  speaking  macroalgae  divides  into  three  phylums:    the  green  macroalgae  (Chlorophyta),  red  macroalgae  (Rhodophyta)  and  brown  macroalgae  (Ochrophyta).    These  structures  resemble  vascular  plants  but  their  biological  structure  differs  from  the  more  complex  terrestrial  plants.    The  body  of  macroalgae  resembles  a  stalk  or  stem  and  is  called  the  thallus  or  with  kelp  called  the  blade.    Macroalgae  lacks  true  roots,  but  does  have  structures  called  holdfasts  that  serve  a  similar  purpose  as  a  root  system  by  attaching  to  a  substrate.        Problems:    Macroalgae  is  a  major  problem  especially  in  saltwater  estuaries  and  canals.    Overgrowth  of  macroalgae  decreases  the  ability  for  swimming,  fishing  or  boating.    Macroalgae  is  used  by  invertebrates  and  fish  for  habitat  in  the  absence  of  vascular  plants  like  Zostera  (often  called  eelgrass).      Macroalgae  can  cause  a  host  of  problems  including:    increased  boating  repair  &  maintenance  costs,  declined  plant  diversity,  poor  circulation,  lower  dissolved  oxygen,  nutrient  accumulation,  odor  from  decaying  macroalgal  mats  and  eventually  lower  real  estate  values  of  homes  around  the  waterbody.  

 

       

Brown,  Red  and  Green  Macroalgae  

Page 2: Macroalgae and Mechanical Aquatic Harvesting Dr. Bruce A ......Macroalgae and Mechanical Aquatic Harvesting Dr. Bruce A. Richards Chief Scientist Weedoo Shoreline Workboats, Inc. West

 In  saltwater  chemical  applications  are  not  recommended  because  tidal  flushing  makes  pesticide  use  inefficient.    Watershed  management  helps  reduce  the  new  inputs  of  nitrogen  or  phosphorus,  but  unfortunately  controlling  the  flow  of  nutrients  is  a  moving  target.    Decreasing  non-­‐point  runoff  is  possible,  but  successful  watershed  management  is  incredibly  difficult,  expensive,  and  will  require  decades  of  stringent  nutrient  control.    Watershed  management  can  do  nothing  for  excess  nutrients  already  present  in  a  body  of  water.    This  does  not  mean  we  should  abandon  watershed  management;  rather  we  should  be  realistic  with  expectations  for  this  management  tool.        Impaired  estuaries,  lakes,  and  ponds  are  required  by  the  USEPA  to  comply  with  the  Clean  Water  Act  that  sets  Total  Maximum  Daily  Loads  (TMDLs)  of  excess  nitrogen  and  phosphorus;  failure  to  comply  is  cause  for  TMDL  penalty  fines.    Mechanical  Aquatic  Harvesting  complies  with  TMDL  reductions  by  removing  plant  material  and  their  associated  nutrient  levels.    Removing  nutrients  by  removing  unwanted  invasive  plants  or  algae  is  the  most  logical  way  to  decrease  repeated  blooms  of  single-­‐celled  algae,  macroalgae  or  invasive  aquatic  plants  in  freshwater.            The  most  effective  way  to  remove  macroalgae  is  through  aquatic  harvesting.    Once  macroalgae  is  removed  some  entrepreneurs  use  various  seaweeds  for  salads  and  other  food  products,  medicine,  cosmetics,  animal  feeds,  fodder  and  other  products.          WeedooINC  is  the  industry’s  leading  manufacturer  of  aquatic  weed  harvesters  and  weed  cutters.  We  value  our  natural  resources  and  thanks  to  people  like  you  who  seek  out  solutions  to  preserve  nature,  we  will  win  the  fight  to  clean  aquatic  vegetation  from  our  waterways!  Weedoo  aquatic  weed  harvesters  are  rugged  machines  that  are  designed  to  tackle  the  toughest  saltwater  or  lake  weed  removal  projects  in  the  most  extreme  and  challenging  aquatic  weed  conditions.    Weedoo  compact  aquatic  harvesters  are  easy  to  maneuver  around  docks  with  their  zero  turn  capability.  

References    http://www.seaweed.ie/    https://web.uri.edu/rinsfepscor/2016/03/03/ri-­‐researchers-­‐yield-­‐new-­‐clues-­‐in-­‐harmful-­‐seaweed-­‐blooms/    http://www.fao.org/docrep/006/y4765e/y4765e0c.htm      http://www.seagrant.umaine.edu/newsroom/press-­‐releases/201223    http://www.weedooboats.com/