04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Employee Counselling

By, BIBIN K BABU

(TEAM 2) S3 SMBS MG

UNIVERSITY KOTTAYAM

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

CONTENTS

Definition of Employee CounsellingWhy is Counselling Need?What kind of problems are appropriate for counselling?How to Counsel?Counselling SkillsThe Essential Elements of CounsellingImportant Skills/Tools for the CounsellorPersonal Qualities of the CounsellorStages in the Counselling ProcessTypes of Employee Counselling

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

CONTENTS

Roles of different parties in Employee Counselling Prerequisites in Employee Counselling Effective Employee CounsellingFactors that Influence ChangeGathering InformationGathering Information &

Building the RelationshipConditions for Effective CounsellingTips for Effective CounsellingFollow-UpResistance to TerminationPremature Termination

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

CONTENTS

ReferralsA Word About GoalsFive Major Goals of CounsellingGoal GuidelinesCounsellor and Client are full time Employees of the

OrganizationStrengths and Weakness of Internal Counselling The Independent Counsellor who works with Employees o an

OrganizationStrengths and Weakness of External Counselling Reference

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Employee Counselling

What is counselling?

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Definition of Employee Counselling

Counselling us a process in which two people meet to explore personal problems and to identify solutions.

Counselling is the process of advising an employee so as to enable him to overcome his emotional problem.

Counselling means discussion of an emotional problem with an employee with the general objective of minimising it.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Effective Counselling

Effective Counselling requires that a Client be capable of self-disclosure and self-exploration and motivated to change attitudes and behaviours. Successful Counselling also demands skilled, empathic and trustworthy Counsellors to guide and support through the change process.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Why is Counselling Need?

HR initiatives only look at the organizational perspective, but the well beings of the workforce depends just much on the individual’s well beings.

The stress, from home or from the routine of work affects not just the individual, but the organization but the work force in turn.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

What kind of problems are appropriate for counselling?

Common concerns include: Depression Grief & loss Self-esteem Anxiety Unemployment/employment stressors Romantic relationships Family Academic problems Diet & body image Shyness, loneliness, identity

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

What kind of problems are appropriate for counselling?

‘Media stress’ (major disasters, crime, war, environmental degradation)

Changes to relationships & lifestyle after illness or disability

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

How to Counsel

7 Communication Skills for a Successful Counselling Relationship.

1. Empathy2. Respect

3. Concreteness 4. Genuineness

5. Self-disclosure 6. Challenging 7. Immediacy

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Important Skills/Tools for the Counsellor

There are several important skills which we will cover briefly. Each is considered a “micro-skill” which you will need to develop during the clinical sequence of the counsellor training program.

Empathy Leading Responding Self Disclosure Immediacy Humour Confrontation

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Empathy

Empathy

The ability to communicate your understanding of that to your client.

Empathy is communicated understanding of the other person’s intended emotional message.

Two Forms of Empathy Primary Empathy:

Responding in such a way that it is apparent to both the client & counsellor the counsellor has understood the client’s major themes.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Empathy

Advanced Empathy: This takes the relationship one step further. You are

exploring themes, issues, meanings, and emotions that are below the surface of what is being shared by the client.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Leading

Leading There are several ways to “lead” the client forward in a

session. They include using silence, acceptance, paraphrasing, etc…

Be aware of how you lead and where you are going. You are working on the client’s issues, not your issues, or what you think the client should be working on.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Moving the Client—Leading

Restatement of content Reflection of content Reflection of feeling Minimal Encouragers: “I see”. General Encouragers: Direct client talk more on a

specific topic, e.g., “Please say some more about…” Encouragement/Support

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Responding Styles

Counselling is often perceived as just focusing on feelings. This is not true.

While counselling helps people work through feelings; how one responds and communicates with others will effect how the counsellor responds to the client.

Affective RespondingFocusing on Feelings .

Behavioural Responses Focusing on actions and behaviours.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Responding Styles

Cognitive ResponseFocusing on thoughts and cognitions.

You will balance these throughout the session with a client.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Self-Disclosure

Self-disclosure is making oneself known to another person (the client) by revealing personal information.

Counsellors self-disclosure is only necessary as it relates to the therapeutic process. Too much self-disclosure hinders the counselling process, while not enough, may inhibit the client from forming a bond with the counsellor.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Immediacy

This involves a counsellor’s understanding and communicating of what is going on between the counsellor and client within the helping relationship.

There are 2 types:

Relationship immediacy. (Between client & counsellor) “Here & Now” immediacy focuses on some particular

event in the session.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Humour

Humour can have a positive effect on the counselling process when used properly.

It must be used with sensitivity and timing. It does not demean and is supportive.

A session is not a time to try out a new joke heard at lunch.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Confrontation

This is not skill at putting the client down for doing something wrong!!

This is an invitation to the client to look more closely at behaviour that is not working or interfering with growth, change, or healthy functioning.

Before you confront someone you want to make sure the relationship is strong and able to withstand the challenge of the confrontation.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Confrontation

Example: “You have said you want to change this behaviour but it seems you keep doing it over and over again. Help me to understand what is going on and how repeating this pattern is helpful to you.”

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Counselling Skills

Listening.Giving Information.Starting and ending the relationship.Making Suggestions.Drawing out.Challenging.Supporting.Timing

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

The Essential Elements of Counselling

Two persons are in psychological contact.The Counsellor and client relate well. The Client, is in a state of incongruence, vulnerable and

anxious.The Counsellor, is congruent or integrated in the relationship. The Counsellor sticks closely to the client’s problems.The Client feels free to say what they like.The communication to the Client of the Counsellor’s empathic

understanding.An atmosphere of mutual trust and confidence exists.Rapport is essential.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Personal Qualities of the Counsellor

Empathy.Warmth.Genuineness.Positive regard.Concreteness.A sense of humor.A sense of tragic.Self-Awareness.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Stages in the Counselling Process

Getting started.Introductory talk.Identifying the issues.Copying with feelings.Identifying possible solutions.Agreeing a plan.Implementing the plan.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Types of Employee Counselling

The types of Employee Counselling are of three types

1. Directive Counselling.

2. Non- Directive Counselling.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Directive Counselling

The counsellor listens to an employee’s emotional difficulty, decides with him what can be done and then motivates him to do it.

The employee receives advice and reassurance feeling is released and his/her thinking is clarified. The counsellor enthuses the employee to take a workable course of action.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Directive Counselling

Directive counselling is where the Counsellor leads the Client to do/take something that the Counsellor thinks is best, without asking for the Client own thoughts on whether they want to do it.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Non- Directive Counselling

Non-directive counselling is where the Client makes the decisions on whether they think something is good for them, the Client takes the lead and the Counsellor tells the Call the options they have without putting in there own opinion.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Factors that Influence Change

The counselling process is influenced by several characteristics that help it become a productive time for the client & counsellor. Not all characteristics apply to all situations, but generally, the following help bring about positive results.

Structure Setting Client Qualities Counsellor Qualities

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Factors that Influence Change

Structure The “joint understanding between the counselor & client

regarding the characteristics, conditions, procedures, and parameters of counseling”.

This give form to what the formal process will look like. Many clients come to counseling with no idea what to expect. Counseling moves forward when client and counselor know the boundaries of the relationship and what is expected.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Factors that Influence Change

Physical Setting Counselling can happen anywhere, but the

professional generally works in a place that provides -Privacy,ConfidentialityQuiet Certain comfort

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Factors that Influence Change

Client & Counsellors Qualities Generally like to work with clients who are most like

them. We are influenced by the physical characteristics of the client. It is important to be aware of how you work with all clients and offer your best work to all clients.

Clients, depending on culture, initially like to work with counsellors who are perceived as experts, attractive, trustworthy.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Gathering Information

Types of Questions:

Open—allows the client to answer the question in a free-flowing or narrative style. Used when you want more detailed and elaborate answers.

Tell me how this is working for you?

Closed—this type of question requires only a one or two word response. Usually…Yes or No.

Do you enjoy that type of work?

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Gathering Information

Types of Questions: Probes—a questions which begins with a who, what, where,

how, or when.What do you plan to do to complete your project?

Requests for Clarification—Asking the client for more information.

Help me understand what this relationship is for?

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Gathering Information

When you can take the time to build the relationship with the client & gather information, there are other skills which you must possess and develop. In efforts to build the relationship, you would concentrate more on the client’s attitudes and emotions. The skills you need include the following.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Gathering Information & Building the Relationship

Restatement/Content Paraphrasing. A re-statement of what you heard the client say in slightly

different words. Reflection of Feeling.

Similar to a re-statement, but you are concentrating more on the emotional aspect & the non-verbal communication.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Gathering Information & Building the Relationship

Summary of Feelings. A simple summary paraphrase of several feelings which have

been verbalized (non-verbal and verbal).

Acknowledgement of Non-verbal Behavior. You are noting to the client what you are seeing. You are not

interpreting the non-verbal content.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Conditions for Effective Counselling

A general climate of openness and mutuality.A helpful and empathic attitude on the part of the manager.The establishment of an effective dialogue.A focus on work-related goals.Avoidance of discussion about salary, raises and other rewards.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Tips for Effective Counselling

Make sure that the subordinate is willing to learn from Counselling.

Encourage the subordinate to function independently.Make sure that the subordinate understands the purpose of the

Counselling.Minimize arguments.Ensure adequate follow up.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Follow-Up

At times, a follow-up may be scheduled for various reasons including evaluation, research, or checking-in with client.

Follow-ups need to be scheduled so as to not take the responsibility of change away from the client.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Resistance to Termination

Clients & Counsellors may not want counselling to end. In many cases this may be the result of feelings about the loss and grief or insecurities of losing the relationship. For clients, this is something to process. For counsellors, this is an issue for supervision.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Premature Termination

Client Many clients may end counselling before all goals are

completed. This can be seen by not making appointments, resisting new appointments, etc… It is a good idea to try and schedule a termination/review session with the client so closure may take place.

Counsellors At times, counsellors have to end counselling

prematurely. Whatever the reason for the termination, a summary session is in order and referrals are made, if appropriate, to another counsellor.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Referrals

At times, a counsellor needs to make a referral. When this is done, specific issues need to be addressed with the client: Reason for the referral. Note specific behaviours or actions which brought the

need for a referral. Have the names of several other counsellors ready for

referral. You cannot follow up with the new counsellor to see if the

client followed through (Confidentiality issue).

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

A Word About Goals

Goals within counselling help to set the tone and direction one travel’s with their client.

Without goals, the sessions will wander aimlessly.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Five Major Goals of Counselling

1) Facilitating Behaviour change.

2) Improving Relationships.

3) Enhancing coping Skills.

4) Promoting Decision making.

5) Facilitating the Clients potential.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Goal Guidelines

Goals are mutually agreed on by the client and counsellor. Goals are specific. Goals are relevant to behaviour. Goals are achievement & success oriented. Goals are quantifiable & measurable. Goals are behavioural & observable. Goals are understandable & can be re-stated clearly.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Counsellor and Client are full time Employees of the Organization

Organization

Client

Counsellor

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Strengths and Weakness of Internal Counselling

Strengths Weakness

Counsellor is in touch with the culture of the company.

Counsellor can be more subjective in his/her assessments.

Can make assessments in the light of the various organizational systems.

Can be vulnerable if reorganization takes place.

Counsellor can assess to the formal and informal structures of the organization.

Counsellor can get pulled very easily in to identifying with either organization or the individual.

Can build up great credibility for the counselling service.

Can be used by individuals against the organization.

Can provide multiple roles. Counsellor is involved in politics of the organization.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

The Independent Counsellor who works with Employees o an Organization

Organizati

on

Client

Counsellor

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

Strengths and Weakness of External Counselling

Strengths Weakness

Not part of the politics of the organization.

Have to make a profit.

Can challenge what is taken for granted within the company.

May not adapt easily to individuals.

Can offer clear confidentiality. May not be flexible in what they offer.

Can provide a range of service. Can be used by individuals against the organization.

Can offer a number of Counsellors with different skills, background etc.

Counsellors may know nothing about the organization from which clients come.

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

?????

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

REFERENCE

PHILIP BURNARD – Counselling Skills Training, Viva Books Private Limited, 1995 Edition,

Page No: 18-19,22-40

KAVITHA SINGH - Counselling Skills for Managers, Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited, 2007 Edition,

Page No: 35-36, 180-182,197

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

REFERENCE

MICHAEL CARROLL-Work Place Counselling, Sage Publications, 1996 Edition, Page No: 16-17, 32-35,

04/10/2023BIBIN K BABU, 3rd SEM SMBS

THANK YOU!!!