ls: distinguish between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic
TRANSCRIPT
LS: Distinguish between Prokaryotic Cells and Eukaryotic Cells.
INTRODUCTION Humans are home to around 100 trillion bacterial cells meaning our bodies are like an ecosystem. An example of where living organisms can be found on humans can be the surface of our skin or in our digestive tract. Our bodies can contain both and cells. These type of cells are prokaryotic eukaryoticthe major two divisions of cells. All cells fall in broad categories, .two prokaryotic cells/eukaryotic cells Organisms with Prokaryotic cells are called Prokaryotes, and organisms with Eukaroytic cells are
Whether the cell is prokaryotic/eukaryotic the cells share four key components: called Eukaryotes. Plasma Membrane, Cytoplasm, DNA, Ribosomes.
PROKARYOTICProkaryotic cells are one of the categories of cells. means before, means nucleus. Pro kary
Prokaryotic cells:
range from 0.1 to 5.0 m in diameter.and other membrane bound organelles lack a nucleus
a simple single celled organism, however they can be multicellular consist of one single space inside the cell domains Bacteria and Archae are classified as prokaryotic they are the first type of organisms to evolve and are still the most common organisms today The DNA is in a single loop do not have internal membranes
https://goo.gl/images/Q1cxDm
THE STRUCTURE OF THE CELL FOR PROKARYOTES
is a small DNA which can replicate independently Plasmid is a thin fibre on the outside structure of the cell which is made up of protein. Pili help the Pili
cell attach to specific surfaces or other cells. Can also help bacterium are molecules which sythensize proteins, are found in the cytoplasm Ribosomes
Cytoplasm is everything found inside the plasma membrane, the cellular structures Plasma Membrane is the outer covering which seperates the cell's interior from its surrounding enviornment. It regulates what can enter and exit the cell
provides a layer of protection and helps the cell maintain its shape and prevents it Cell Wallfrom dehydration
controls sugars, amino acids, ions and water is sticky and it helps the cell attach to surfaces in the enviornment Capsule
Bacterial Flagellum helps the cell move this is where the (which is a single large loop that containes the Nucleoid (Circular DNA), DNA
genetic material of the cell) is found. It is in the central reigion of the cell. There is no nuclear membrane
IMPORTANT TERMS
Prokaryotic Plasmid
Pili Ribosomes
Cytoplasm Plasma Membrane
Cell Wall Capsule
Bacterial Flagellum Nucleoid (Circular DNA)
Eukaryotic Nucleus (nuclei)
Nucleolus Cytoplasm
Membrane bound organelles The cytoskeleton Ribosomes Plasma Membrane Vacuole Rough Endoplasmic
Recticulum Endoplasmic Reticulim
Golgi Appartus Lysosomes
Peroxisome MitochondriaChloroplasts Microfilaments Intermediate Filaments Microtubules Cilia
Reference List
Boundless Biology.(n.d.). Retrieved from https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-biology/chapter/structure-of-prokaryotes/
Bacteria and Archaea
are very diverse in form, they may not have all the features mentioned above. But most have a Bacteria c (rotary motors to help them move) (hair like structures which help ell wall, capsule, flagella , fimbriae
with attachment to surfaces), and pili.
also may have all these features but the cell wall in bacteria is made up different proteins and Archaea carbohydrates.
____________________________________________
EUKARYOTICEukoaryotic cells are much more complicated than prokaryotes. They are structured differently depending on what kind of cell they are The different structures play an (animal, plant, fungi, protists). important role in metabolism, balance, and gene expression.
Eukaryotic cells:
Have a nucleus surrounded by a membrane which houses the genetic material of the cell have different compartments, and a number of membrane bound organelles
means: "little organs" which have unique functions as a whole in the cell organellemultiple linear chromosomes instead of a single circular one are large in size, 10-100 diameters in size can be multicellular or singular are found in plants, animals, fungi, and protistsDNA is linear (strings)
Animal Cell
https://goo.gl/images/9n3tPJ
Plant Cell
Eukaryotic Cell vs Prokaryotic Cell. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.diffen.com/difference/Eukaryotic_Cell_vs_Prokaryotic_Cell
Intro to eukaryotic cells. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/high-school-biology/hs-cells/hs-prokaryotes-and-eukaryotes/a/intro-to-eukaryotic-cells
Klappenbach, L. (n.d.). Learn All About Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/what-are-prokaryotes-and-eukaryotes-129478
Mitochondria and Chloroplasts. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/high-school-biology/hs-cells/hs-prokaryotes-and-eukaryotes/a/chloroplasts-and-mitochondria
Nucleus and Ribsomes. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/structure-of-a-cell/prokaryotic-and-eukaryotic-cells/a/nucleus-and-ribosomes
Plasma Membrane and Cytoplasm. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/structure-of-a-cell/prokaryotic-and-eukaryotic-cells/a/plasma-membrane-and-cytoplasm
Prokaryotic cells. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/high-school-biology/hs-cells/hs-prokaryotes-and-eukaryotes/a/prokaryotic-cells
Wilkin, D., & Brainard, J. (2016, September 05). Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells. Retrieved from https://www.ck12.org/biology/prokaryotic-and-eukaryotic-cells/lesson/Prokaryotic-and-Eukaryotic-Cells-BIO/
https://goo.gl/images/iQ6ytv
THE STRUCTURE OF THE CELL FOR EUKARYOTES
house the cell's genetic materia (DNA)Nucleus (nuclei) is where new ribosomes are assembled Nucleolus contains a water based solution which contains ions, macromolecules, and small Cytoplasm
molecules, it also includes the membrane bound organelles (a network of fibres that support the cell and gives it shape) is also The cytoskeleton
a part of the cytoplasmRibosomes are molecules which sythensize proteins, are found in the cytoplasmmitochondria Plasma Membrane is the outer covering which seperates the cell's interior from its surrounding enviornment. It regulates what can enter and exit the cellVacuole are only in plant cells, which store water and waste, it isolates hazardous material and has enzymes which can break down macromolecules and cellular components (are like lysomes) chloroplast
are bound ribosomes Rough Endoplasmic Recticulum plays a role in modification of proteins and synthesization of lipids Endoplasmic Reticulim
is an organelle made up of flattened discs of membrane Golgi Appartus contain the digestive enzymes and act as an organelle recycling faciltiy, it breaks Lysosomes
down old structures so the molecules can be reusedPeroxisome break down fatty acids and amino acids Mitochondria break down the fuel molecules and capture energy Chloroplasts are in plants and algae, they capture light enegery to make sugars in photosynthesis (humans and animals do not have them)Microfilaments are one of the three proteins found in the cytoskeleton Intermediate Filaments are multiple strands of fibrous protein wound together Microtubules are the largest of the three cytoskeletal fibresCilia are on the cells surface and help material move on the surface
How do you distinguish between a Eukaryotic cell and Prokaryotic cell?
Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus, and Eukaroytic cells have a nucleus. Other .Through the nucleusthan that there are several other differences such as organelles. Several organelles are present in Eukaryotic cells while in Prokaryotic cells the only organelles are ribosomes.
Similarities and Differences
Eukaryotic Cells Prokaryotic Cells
Nucleus
Chromosomes more than one one but refered to as a plasmid
Cell type multicellular usually unicellular
True Membrane Bound Nucleus
DNA
Ribosomes
Chloroplasts
Flagella
Nuclear Membrane
Cell Wall
Cell Size 10-100 1-10um
Plasmid
Pili
Cytoplasm
Plasma Membrane
Capsule
Bacterial Flagellum
Nucleoid
Fimbriae
nucleolus
organelles
vacuole
rough endoplasmic recticulum
endoplasmic recticulum
golgi apparatus
lysosomes
peroxisome
mitochondria
microfilaments
intermediate filaments
microtubules
cilia