Low Adherence to Dietary Guidelines in Spain, Especially in the Overweight/Obese Population: The ANIBES Study

MEAN AGE OF THE ADULT POPULATION (18-64 YEARS) IN THE ANIBES STUDY

ENERGY INTAKE:

ANTHROPOMETRIC VALUES

MEAN ENERGY INTAKE

MEAN ENERGY EXPENDITURE

CONTRIBUTION OF ENERGY INTAKE TO COVERAGE

OF EXPENDITURE

MEAN BODY MASSINDEX (BMI)

WAIST-HEIGHT RATIO

ABDOMINAL ADIPOSITY (WAIST-HEIGHT

RATIO ≥ 0.5)

40.00 ± 12.20 years

1,816 ± 512 kcal/day 2,098 ± 400 kcal/day 89.0 ± 28.1 %

Rodríguez-Rodríguez E, Aparicio A, Aranceta-Bartrina J, Gil A, González-Gross M, Serra-Majem Ll, Varela-Moreiras G, Ortega RM. Low adherence to dietary guidelines in Spain, especially in the overweight/obese population: The ANIBES Study. J Am Coll Nutr, 2016;12:1-8; doi:10.1080/07315724.2016.1248246.

Inadequate food intake (servings/day).Differences according to the Body Mass Index (%)

Men

MEN WOMEN

0.51 ± 0.08 0.54 ± 0.08

MEN WOMEN

64.70 % 52.40 %

MEN WOMEN

27.10 ± 4.87 kg/m2 25.60 ± 5.30 kg/m2

Women

Inadequate food intake (servings/day).Differences according to the Waist-Height Ratio (%)

Men

Women

Body Mass Index (BMI)a = Significant difference between BMI < 25 kg/m2 and overweight subjectsb = Significant difference between BMI < 25 kg/m2 and obese subjects

Significant differences between adults with Waist-Height Ratio < 0.5 and Waist-Height Ratio ≥ 0.5

• The Spanish population has a low consumption of fruits, vegetables, cereals and dairy products• Men with an inadequate consumption of cereals, fruits and vegetables have a higher risk of suffering from

overweight and abdominal obesity• People with overweight and general and abdominal obesity have a lower adherence to dietary guidelines

Meat and meat products (>1 serving/day)

Fish and shellfish

(<0.5 serving/day)

Eggs (<0.5 serving/day)

Meat + fish + eggs

(>3 servings/day)

Vegetables (<2 servings/day)

Fruits (<2 servings/day)

Fruits + vegetables

(<5 servings/day)

Fruits (<300 g/day)

Vegetables (<250 g/day)

Cereals and grains

(<4 servings/day)

Whole cereals

(<0.5 serving/day)

Pulses (<1 serving/week)

Milk and dairy products

(<2 servings/day)

Obesity. BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2Overweight. BMI = 25-29.9 kg/m2BMI < 25 kg/m2

69.0 65.3

53.4

24.1a

83.3 85.0a,b

91.5

83.7 77.2

71.8

85.0

55.863.9

70.3

65.0 58.2

19.2a

84.5 89.5a

96.9

86.4

76.581.7

86.4

57.9

66.664.1

68.0

55.8

23.2

80.1

91.2b 95.6

83.4

71.3

83.489.0

63.068.0

Obesity. BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2Overweight. BMI = 25-29.9 kg/m2BMI < 25 kg/m2

Meat and meat products (>1 serving/day)

Fish and shellfish

(<0.5 serving/day)

Eggs (<0.5 serving/day)

Meat + fish + eggs

(>3 servings/day)

Vegetables (<2 servings/day)

Fruits (<2 servings/day)

Fruits + vegetables (<5 servings/day)

Fruits (<300 g/day)

Vegetables (<250 g/day)

Cereals and grains

(<4 servings/day)

Whole cereals

(<0.5 serving/day)

Pulses (<1 serving/week)

Milk and dairy products

(<2 servings/day)

50.0

64.868.0

9.30

85.2b85.9

95.0

85.7

77.7

87.0 80.7

61.1 65.5

47.6

68.463.6

8.20

84.887.4

94.1

82.2 78.8

92.2

79.2

57.2

66.9

55.4

65.562.8

8.10

82.4b80.4

94.6

75.070.3

91.983.8

66.9

70.9

70.965.6

54.6

26.2*

81.2 84.0*91.8*

84.0

74.869.9*

84.8

58.9 61.767.1 65.9

56.6

19.6*

84.190.5*

96.1*

85.1

76.083.1*

87.4

57.9

68.2

Without Risk (Waist-Height Ratio < 0.5) With Risk (Waist-Height Ratio ≥ 0.5)

Meat and meat products (>1 serving/day)

Fish and shellfish

(<0.5 serving/day)

Eggs (<0.5 serving/day)

Meat + fish + eggs

(>3 servings/day)

Vegetables (<2 servings/day)

Fruits (<2 servings/day)

Fruits + vegetables

(<5 servings/day)

Fruits (<300 g/day)

Vegetables (<250 g/day)

Cereals and grains

(<4 servings/day)

Whole cereals

(<0.5 serving/day)

Pulses (<1 serving/week)

Milk and dairy products

(<2 servings/day)

Without Risk (Waist-Height Ratio < 0.5) With Risk (Waist-Height Ratio ≥ 0.5)

50.4

64.469.3*

8.8

85.3 87.7*

95.6

87.5

79.486.7

79.1*

62.4 65.1

50.0

67.662.4*

8.7

84.0 83.3*

93.8

78.474.4

92.0

82.2*

59.6

68.4

Meat and meat products (>1 serving/day)

Fish and shellfish

(<0.5 serving/day)

Eggs (<0.5 serving/day)

Meat + fish + eggs

(>3 servings/day)

Vegetables (<2 servings/day)

Fruits (<2 servings/day)

Fruits + vegetables

(<5 servings/day)

Fruits (<300 g/day)

Vegetables (<250 g/day)

Cereals and grains

(<4 servings/day)

Whole cereals

(<0.5 serving/day)

Pulses (<1 serving/week)

Milk and dairy products

(<2 servings/day)

Coordinated by:

Spanish Nutrition and Food Sciences Academy

(AEN)

Spanish Nutrition Society

(SEÑ)

Spanish Society of Community Nutrition

(SENC)

Nutrition Studies Association

(ASEN)

Spanish Foundation for Nutritional Research

(FIN)

Improvement of Health by Fitness,Nutrition and Exercise

Research Group

With the participation of: