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沈阳师范大学

主讲人：张 林

欧洲历史与文明

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Chapter 10 Napoleonic Europe

The Formation of

the French Imperial System

LOGOChapter 10 Napoleonic EuropeThe Formation of the French Imperial System

Overview

I. Napoleon Bonaparte

II. French Empire

III. The Civil Code

IV. Napoleon at His Peak

LOGOChapter 10 Napoleonic EuropeThe Formation of the French Imperial System

Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a military and

political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution. As Napoleon

I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815. His legal reform, the

Napoleonic Code, has been a major influence on

many civil law jurisdictions worldwide, but he is best

remembered for the wars he led against a series of

coalitions, the so-called Napoleonic Wars, during

which he established hegemony over much of Europe

and sought to spread revolutionary ideals.

LOGOChapter 10 Napoleonic EuropeThe Formation of the French Imperial System

Born in 1769 in Corsica - part of the petty nobility of Corsica

Military school and commission as a lieutenant of artillery in 1785

For the next 7 years, Napoleon spent most of his time reading the works of the

Philosophers and educating himself in military matters

Life was changed by the French Revolution

In 1792, was promoted to captain and through his actions at

Marseilles the following year was appointed Brigadier

General in 1794

In1795 he saved the Directory from the Paris mob

Appointment in 1796 as commander of the Army of Italy

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France proper: France to the Rhine river, northern Italy and Rome

Dependent States: Spain, the Netherlands, the Kingdom of Italy, the

Swiss Republic, the Grand Duchy of Warsaw and the Confederation of

the Rhine

Allied States: these were the states that Napoleon defeated and forced

to ally themselves with France; Prussia, Austria, and Russia

Napoleon’s Empire

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Napoleon’s Empire

France proper: France to the Rhine river, northern Italy and Rome

Dependent States: Spain, the Netherlands, the Kingdom of Italy,

the Swiss Republic, the Grand Duchy of Warsaw and the

Confederation of the Rhine

Allied States: these were the states that Napoleon defeated and

forced to ally themselves with France; Prussia, Austria, and

Russia

LOGONapoleonic Europe

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Need for a uniform legal system

Seven codes were formed, of which the

most famous was the Civil Code, or the Code

Napoleon

Recognized the principle of equality of all citizens

before the law, the right of individuals to chose

their profession, religious toleration, and the

abolition of serfdom and feudalism as well as the

careful protection of property rights

The Code clearly reflected the revolutionary

aspirations for a uniform legal system, legal

equality, and protection of property and

individuals

However, some rights were curtailed, such

as women’s rights to divorce, property, and

liberty

Domestic Policies: Code Napoleon

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Civil Code Napoleon said: "My true glory is not to have won 40 battles...Waterloo will

erase the memory of so many victories. ... But...what will live forever, is my

Civil Code.“

The Code still has importance today in a quarter of the world's jurisdictions

including in Europe, the Americas and Africa.

LOGOThe Influence of the Napoleonic Code

LOGONapoleon at His Peak