lms imagine.lab amesim solutions guide · integration using an easy-to-use simulation process. all...

LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim Solutions Guide

A Siemens Business

LMS Imagine.Lab AMESimThe integrated platform for 1D multi-domain simulation

Meeting strategically critical engineering challenges

How can an engineer pro-actively incorporate functional performance into an intelligent system? Especially a system with complex interaction between multi-domain components and subsystems? This is exactly the beauty of LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim. This 1D simulation platform simplifies multi-domain integration using an easy-to-use simulation process. All engineers need to do is connect various validated components to simply and accurately predict multi-disciplinary intelligent system performance.

With extensive dedicated libraries totaling more 3,500 components, LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim actually saves enormous amounts of time by simply eliminating the need for extensive modeling. Thanks to its application-specific simulation capabilities, engineers can assess a variety of subsystems in multiple physical domains. This allows design and engineering teams to carefully balance product performance according to various brand attributes and achieve the best possible design way before committing to expensive and time-consuming prototype testing. Since LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim features intelligent system simulation early in the development cycle, it truly allows critical design functionality to drive new product design.

LMS Corporate Profile .................................................................................................................................................................................. 4

LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim ........................................................................................................................................................................ 8LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim Packages ................................................................................................................................................................... 14LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim Libraries .................................................................................................................................................................... 15LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim Tools ........................................................................................................................................................................... 16LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim Interfaces ................................................................................................................................................................. 18

LMS Imagine.Lab Solutions .................................................................................................................................................................... 20.................LMS Imagine.Lab Powertrain Transmission ....................................................................................................................................................... 24LMS Imagine.Lab Transmission Comfort ............................................................................................................................................................................ 25LMS Imagine.Lab Noise, Vibration and Harshness ............................................................................................................................................................. 26LMS Imagine.Lab Performance and Losses ....................................................................................................................................................................... 27

LMS Imagine.Lab Internal Combustion Engine ................................................................................................................................................. 28LMS Imagine.Lab Engine Control ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 29LMS Imagine.Lab Air Path Management ............................................................................................................................................................................. 30LMS Imagine.Lab Combustion .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 31 LMS Imagine.Lab Hybrid Vehicle ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 32LMS Imagine.Lab Emissions ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 33

LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle System Dynamics ..................................................................................................................................................... 34LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Dynamics ................................................................................................................................................................................... 35LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Dynamics Control ...................................................................................................................................................................... 36LMS Imagine.Lab Braking System ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 37LMS Imagine.Lab Power Steering ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 38LMS Imagine.Lab Suspension and Anti-Roll ....................................................................................................................................................................... 39

LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Thermal Management ............................................................................................................................................. 40LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Thermal Management ................................................................................................................................................................ 42LMS Imagine.Lab Engine Thermal Management ................................................................................................................................................................. 43 LMS Imagine.Lab Engine Cooling System .......................................................................................................................................................................... 44LMS Imagine.Lab Refrigerant Loop .................................................................................................................................................................................... 45 LMS Imagine.Lab Passenger Comfort ................................................................................................................................................................................ 46LMS Imagine.Lab Lubrication ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 47

LMS Imagine.Lab Fluids Systems ......................................................................................................................................................................... 48LMS Imagine.Lab Internal Combustion Engine Related Hydraulics .................................................................................................................................... 50LMS Imagine.Lab Mobile Hydraulics Actuation Systems .................................................................................................................................................... 51LMS Imagine.Lab Aerospace Engine Equipment ................................................................................................................................................................ 52LMS Imagine.Lab Environmental Control Systems ............................................................................................................................................................ 53

LMS Imagine.Lab Ground Loads and Flight Controls ..................................................................................................................................... 54LMS Imagine.Lab Ground Loads ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 56LMS Imagine.Lab Flight Controls ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 57

LMS Imagine.Lab Electromechanical ................................................................................................................................................................... 58LMS Imagine.Lab Electromechanical Components ............................................................................................................................................................ 60LMS Imagine.Lab Electrical Systems .................................................................................................................................................................................. 61

LMS Imagine.Lab Energy .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 62LMS Imagine.Lab Fuel Cells ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 63

LMS Imagine.Lab Services ...................................................................................................................................................................... 64LMS Imagine Customer Services .......................................................................................................................................................................... 64LMS Imagine Consulting Services ........................................................................................................................................................................ 66LMS Imagine: Innovative from the start ............................................................................................................................................................. 67

Addressing a complete range of critical engineering attributes

¼ Structural integrity

¼ System dynamics

¼ Vehicle dynamics

¼ Comfort

¼ Noise and vibration

¼ Sound quality

¼ Durability

¼ Safety

¼ Performance

¼ Power management

¼ Fuel economy and emissions

¼ Fluids

¼ Electromechanical systems

¼ Thermal management

LMS, engineering innovation partner of manufacturing companies worldwideLMS helps customers get better products to market faster and turn superior process efficiency into key competitive advantages. With a unique combination of 1D and 3D simulation software, testing systems and engineering services, LMS tunes into mission critical engineering attributes, ranging from system dynamics, sound quality, comfort and durability to safety, performance and power consumption. LMS has the experience, unique competences and integrated solutions that can empower an innovative way of engineering – one that supports manufacturers in the race to get products out right-the-first-time. The results are dramatically shortened cycle times, superior products that truly excite customers as well as reduce development costs and risks. Thanks to our technology, dedicated people and over 25 years of engineering experience, LMS has become the partner of choice for more than 5,000 leading manufacturing companies worldwide. LMS operates through a network of more than 30 subsidiaries in Europe, the USA and Asia.

A unique combination of simulation software, testing systems, and engineering services

• 1D simulation software to model and analyze multi-domain system behavior

• 3D simulation software to simulate and optimize functional performance

• Integrated solutions for test-based engineering, refinement and validation

• Engineering services for troubleshooting, design refinement, technology transfer and co-development

A solid partner with global experience

• A global engineering innovation partner for more than 5,000 manufacturing companies

• Over 25 years of experience in mission critical engineering disciplines

• An international approach to customers with more than 30 offices in Europe, USA and Asia

• Continuous R&D investment backed by a strong financial track record

“LMS helps meet the challenges of every engineering department -- tight development schedules, budget restrictions and higher product expectations.”

LMS International | [email protected] | www.lmsintl.com4 LMS Imagine.Lab Introduction

LMS helps manufacturing companies…

Compete with innovative designsInnovative design and radical new product concepts represent a solid basis for growth and profitability. Winners of the product innovation race often combine a talent to mobilize knowledge and creativity with product development and go-to-market speed. Manufacturing companies rely on LMS solutions to eliminate non-value-added tasks, frontload key design decisions early in the development phase, and explore new product concepts in the shortest possible time. LMS can also improve active system performance engineering -- a key innovation driver in mechanical product design.

Deliver the expected brand valuesCreating innovative and attractive products is not just about producing visually attractive designs. Mission critical attributes need to be refined from the early design stage onwards. Using LMS simulation, engineering teams can quickly analyze a multitude of design options to find the right balance. This approach results in better decisions during the early development stages and helps engineer product performance to reflect the core brand values that create passion for the product.

Expand and renew the product portfolioToday’s consumer expects choice: products that directly address niche markets and specific customer requirements. With more models and options, the development process needs to be dramatically shortened not just to save costs, but also to cope with the increasing number of product releases. LMS helps manufacturing companies speed up their development process by analyzing “real-life” design performance much faster and much earlier in the process as well as accelerating time-consuming physical prototype testing.

Optimize overall product qualityLMS offers the right solution mix to successfully set targets, detect and adjust design flaws in the early concept stages, accurately assess and refine product performance using validated virtual models, and efficiently validate the final design using advanced prototype-testing techniques. LMS customers not only measure their return on investment in terms of faster time-to-market and reduced development costs, but also in terms of improved product quality and reduced warranty and product recall issues.

5LMS Imagine.Lab IntroductionLMS International | [email protected] | www.lmsintl.com

LMS Imagine.Lab AMESimThe integrated platform for 1D multi-domain system simulation

LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim offers a complete 1D simulation suite to model and analyze multi-domain, intelligent systems and predict multi-disciplinary performance. Model components are described using validated analytical models that represent the system’s actual hydraulic, pneumatic, electric or mechanical behavior. All the user has to do is assemble pre-defined components from validated libraries to create a physics-based model of the system. Using this functional system mock-up, LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim accurately simulates intelligent system behavior long before detailed CAD geometry is available.

LMS Virtual.LabThe integrated solution for 3D functional performance simulation

LMS Virtual.Lab offers an integrated software suite to simulate and optimize the performance of mechanical systems for structural integrity, noise and vibration, durability, system dynamics, ride and handling and dynamic motion and other attributes. LMS Virtual.Lab covers all the process steps and required technologies to perform an end-to-end design assessment in each key discipline. Using LMS Virtual.Lab, engineering teams can build accurate simulation models, simulate their real-life performance, quickly assess multiple design alternatives and optimize designs before prototype construction.

LMS Test.Lab, LMS Test.Xpress and the LMS SCADAS familyAn unrivaled suite of test-based engineering solutions

A complete solution for test-based engineering, LMS Test.Lab includes solutions for rotating machinery, structural and acoustic testing, environmental testing, vibration control, reporting and data sharing. LMS Test.Xpress, a no-compromise noise and vibration analyzer, combines the operational simplicity of a traditional analyzer with the high-speed quality performance of an advanced noise & vibration measurement system. The data acquisition hardware from the LMS SCADAS family ranges from compact mobile units, autonomous smart recorders up to high channel count laboratory systems. All systems are tightly integrated with the LMS Test.Lab and LMS Test.Xpress software and optimally tuned to meet the specific needs of durability, noise and vibration engineering.

LMS, a unique portfolio of engineering innovation solutions

LMS International | [email protected] | www.lmsintl.com6 LMS Imagine.Lab Introduction

LMS Engineering ServicesSolving critical engineering challenges

LMS Engineering Services counts on its globally minded team of over 100 multi-lingual engineers to help customers optimize product designs and address tough engineering challenges. The LMS Engineering Services team has more than 25 years of experience solving engineering challenges that manufacturers across various industries must meet head-on.

Their truly multidisciplinary engineering experience ranges from noise, vibration and durability to system dynamics, vehicle handling and safety. The LMS Engineering competence centers in Europe, the USA and Asia combine state-of-the art testing facilities with an extensive simulation infrastructure.

LMS simulation and testing experts are ready to address critical engineering projects and make the difference between successful product launches and costly repairs or even failures. The LMS approach to functional performance engineering can truly be a strategic competitive advantage for every company.

LMS Customer Services A partnership for your succes

LMS support its customers with engineers who not only understand the hardware and software, but also master the related engineering applications. Extensive training, seminars, and on-site services help our clients’ technical staff gain and maintain their software and system know-how. LMS offers a complete portfolio of professional services, including the full installation management, on-site training and support, and continuous knowledge transfer.

The final result is a win-win situation: an optimal return on hardware and software investment in terms of optimized engineering team productivity and up-to-date systems with the latest technology and application developments.

7LMS Imagine.Lab IntroductionLMS International | [email protected] | www.lmsintl.com


8 LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim LMS International | [email protected] | www.lmsintl.com

Enabling intelligent system simulation

Today intelligent system integration is driving improved product performance and delivering innovative designs in a variety of industries. Recent surveys show that approximately 80% of the next-generation systems and products will be derived from so-called intelligent systems. One of the most common examples is the advanced injection and control systems essential to clean-running and fuel-efficient car engines.

But it is not only the automotive industry that is investing heavily in the intelligent system design trend to reach new targets for vital attributes like safety, comfort and, of course, driving pleasure. Active systems are running everything from key operating and safety mechanisms in the latest airplanes to “smart” packaging machines, hyper-speed printing presses, power-packing excavators and highly-efficient wind turbines. Intelligent systems clearly are essential when designing cost-efficient products with higher productivity levels and superior reliability.

9LMS Imagine.Lab AMESimLMS International | [email protected] | www.lmsintl.com

Meeting strategically critical engineering challenges

How can an engineer pro-actively incorporate functional performance into an intelligent system? Especially a system with complex interaction between mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, thermal and electric/electronic components and subsystems?

This is exactly the beauty of LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim. This 1D simulation platform simplifies multi-domain integration using an easy-to-use simulation process. All engineers need to do is connect various validated components to simply and accurately predict multi-disciplinary intelligent system performance.

With extensive dedicated libraries totaling more 3,500 components, LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim actually saves enormous amounts of time by simply eliminating the need for extensive modeling. Thanks to its application-specific simulation capabilities, engineers can assess a variety of subsystems in multiple physical domains. This allows design and engineering teams to carefully balance product performance according to various brand attributes and achieve the best possible design way before committing to expensive and time-consuming prototype testing. Since LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim features intelligent system simulation early in the development cycle. It truly allows strategically critical design functionality to drive new product design.

LMS Imagine: your partner for intelligent system design

Thanks to over 20 years of experience with major industry actors worldwide, LMS Imagine can help customers solve their most critical design issues. Our expertise can make the difference between successful product launches and costly repairs, recalls or even product failures. Our innovative team’s unique combination of skills, engineering experience and process know-how turns attribute engineering into a strategic competitive advantage.

LMS Imagine provides high-quality support services for all of its multi-domain solutions and software platform. Our customers benefit from the maximum return on their software investment. We are their partner when its comes to optimizing engineering productivity and maintaining up-to-date skills, competencies and systems that result in that essential competitive edge required for successful intelligent system design.


Function-driven design with LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim:

• Analyze intelligent system functionality right from the start

• Optimize mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, thermal and electric/electronic system interaction long before prototype testing

• Pro-actively engineer strategically critical design functionality for best overall product performance and quality

• Avoid design flaws, explore design alternatives and accelerate product development cycles

LMS International | [email protected] | www.lmsintl.com10 LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim

Automotive and Ground Transportation

LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim offers dedicated solutions for all major vehicle subsystems: internal combustion engines, transmissions, vehicle thermal management systems, vehicle systems dynamics as well as fluid systems related to engines and electrical systems. Vehicle engineering teams can simulate system performance during the early design stage to optimally balance multiple functional requirements and brand attributes.

LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim solutions for:

Aerospace

Aerospace manufacturers are challenged to design systems that are all encompassing: safe, reliable, efficient, comfortable and environmentally friendly. Thanks to its multi-domain system simulation capabilities, LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim meets these engineering challenges for a wide range of aeronautics and aerospace subsystems and components. The current portfolio includes solutions for aerospace engine equipment, environmental control systems, flight controls, ground loads and electromechanical components and numerous electrical systems.

Industrial machinery

LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim helps heavy machinery and industrial equipment manufacturers develop innovative product designs that deliver higher throughput, more reliability, maximum efficiency and minimum downtime. The LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim platform covers fluid, thermal, hydraulic, mechanical, electro-mechanical and pneumatic domains. Application-specific solutions cover a wide range of industrial applications: machine tooling, robotics, hydraulic presses, test benches, cooling systems, air-conditioning systems, offshore oil platforms, pipelines, shipbuilding, power generators, railway and light rail solutions, construction equipment, agricultural machinery and packaging machinery.


Validated components and dedicated libraries

An organic and innovative concept, LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim lets engineers develop and customize their own libraries by creating new models and sub-models. To facilitate model and library sharing with suppliers, customers or internal departments, LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim offers the capability to create and publish ready-to-use catalogs of component models, while still encrypting valuable corporate know-how. LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim offers a run-only version of the software, dedicated for users who simply want to run a packaged simulation model to analyze and visualize different design alternatives.

Dedicated application solutions accelerate engineering

LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim offers an extensive set of application-specific solutions to assess specific subsystem behavior. This way, experts can focus on the critical design and engineering issues without spending valuable time creating and validating models. In the engineering loop, outside suppliers can model, simulate and validate components early in the design process and provide their client, the original equipment manufacturer or OEM, with a virtual

functional component or subsystem mock-up. In turn, OEMs can simulate components and subsystem integration to verify total performance levels and validate key design choices.

Easy and efficient interaction evaluation

Engineers really appreciate the fact that they can study each system independently, but the real added value of LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim is its truly unique capability to integrate and evaluate various subsystems in a single environment. For example, engineers working on an internal combustion engine can couple models of the transmission, the thermal management system and the electrical network to test new cabin heating strategies for obviously passenger comfort as well as the effect on fuel consumption and emissions. Another case found in aeronautics, users can couple all the vital landing gear elements, such as the suspension and the braking circuit, into one single simulation to test anti-skid strategies. Off-highway OEMs can estimate driving-cycle fuel consumption by coupling the internal combustion engine with all the pumps included in the hydraulic circuits to move the vehicle and actuate the different tools.


LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim offers a complete 1D simulation suite to model and analyze multi-domain, intelligent systems and predict their multi-disciplinary performance. Model components are described using validated analytical models that represent the system’s actual hydraulic, pneumatic, electric or mechanical behavior. To create a system simulation model, all the user has to do is use the various dedicated tools to access the required pre-defined components from validated libraries covering different physical domains. LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim can work with a variety of libraries to create a physics-based system model. Using libraries like the Hydraulic Component Design (HCD) and IFP-Engine, LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim software can accurately simulate intelligent system behavior long before detailed CAD geometry is available.


LMS Imagine.Lab Solutions

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Develop, validate and share system models

The LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim platform contains all the core design and simulation products that engineers need to get started. According to the application, the platform can be easily augmented with task-specific interfaces, tools and dedicated libraries. The easy interactive graphical interface lets LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim users to quickly build complex, multi-domain system models by simply connecting various validated and pre-defined components. This results in an actual working ‘rough sketch’ of the desired model. A logical 1D representation, it is easy to understand and investigate design possibilities.


AMESim Advanced: Customize and share multi-disciplinary system models

AMESim Advanced is designed to develop and analyze multi-disciplinary system models. It is the ideal version for users who need to share models with other departments or with outside partners.

Via the easy and interactive graphical interface, AMESim Advanced users can build complex multi-domain system models in minutes by simply combining validated components from various libraries covering different physical domains. The result is a straightforward system model representation which is easy to understand and investigate. Users create models by connecting physics-based building blocks. This innovative concept avoids cumbersome numerical model creation and code writing. Users are plunged directly into the critical aspects of design like analysis and optimization.

Based on the most advanced numerical techniques, the AMESim Advanced solver supports ordinary differential equation (ODE) and differential algebraic equations (DAE). The solver automatically and dynamically selects the best-adapted calculation method from 17 algorithms, depending on the system dynamics.

In addition to the core platform, AMESim Advanced features AMECustom. This practical customization tool lets users tailor the software to specific applications or internal or external processes. It even allows users to compile company-specific model databases with customized user interfaces and parameter sets. For security purposes, sensitive information can be protected via encryption before supplying models to third parties.

A design exploration tool for exploring the design space, LMS Imagine.Lab OPTIMUS is a design optimization software application that captures and manages LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim engineering simulations. AMESim Advanced users can quickly and efficiently explore the design space with design of experiment and response surface modeling techniques to gain critical insight into possible design alternatives.

Besides the standard AMESim Advanced package, the platform is available in a “light” version, AMESim Base, an ideal solution for users with basic simulation requirements, and AMESim Expert aimed at expert users.

AMESim Expert: Extend system models with additional libraries

Capitalizing on all know-how throughout the company is crucial in the high-tech sector. In addition to all the AMESim Advanced features, AMESim Expert provides a comprehensive tool set that can easily extend the standard AMESim component libraries. AMESet, the AMESim sub-model editing tool, is designed to help write well-documented, standardized, reusable and easily maintainable libraries. Users can simply follow several simple rules to create fully compatible AMESim component models that are automatically usable on the platform.

AMESim Base: Design system models

AMESim Base is the entry-level version for users who need a basic scripting interface and analysis tools to development and analyze multi-domain systems.

AMERun: Share simulation models with non-expert users

AMERun is a run-only version of AMESim. It is ideal for users who just want to run a customized simulation model to analyze and visualize different design alternatives. With AMERun, engineers can easily share validated, tested and customized AMESim models with non-expert users. AMERun offers many of the same features found in the standard AMESim environment so that users can still adjust model parameters and perform analysis runs.

LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim Packages The LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim suite comes with dedicated packages tailored to our customers’ precise needs. Customers can choose from four different packages: AMESim Advanced, the core package; AMESim Expert and Base, two variations on the core package; and a runtime version, AMERun. A flexible and thorough solution, all packages of the LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim software suite are easily enhanced with specific tools and dedicated, validated libraries to satisfy various customer requests.


compatible with existing AMESim library models. LMS Imagine offers an extensive service to develop dedicated components and customized application libraries for clients.

A broad range of applications and physical domains

The various AMESim libraries filled with dedicated and validated components cover a multitude of physical domains and engineering applications:

• Control: Signal, Control & Observers• Electromechanical: Electrical Basics, Electromechanical,

Electric Motors & Drives • Fluid: Hydraulic, Hydraulic Component Design, Hydraulic

Resistance, Filling, Pneumatic, Pneumatic Component Design, Gas Mixture, Moist Air

• Internal Combustion Engine: IFP-Drive, IFP-Engine, IFP-Exhaust, IFP-Combustion 3D

• Mechanical: Mechanical, Planar Mechanical, Powertrain, Vehicle Dynamics

• Thermal: Thermal, Thermal-Hydraulic, Thermal-Hydraulic Component Design, Thermal-Pneumatic, Two-Phase Flow, Air Conditioning, Cooling System, Heat Exchanger Assembly Tool.

Easy and accurate model creation

By combining library components, users create an easy-to-understand working sketch of the system model. To aid investigation, varying model complexity can be selected for each component. Parameters and measuring units can be set in an easy and interactive way. Thanks to this completely transparent concept with easy-to-access embedded model information, users can capture, re-use and share engineering knowledge. Engineers can also start from a simplified model representation in the early development stage, and gradually add more detail to the model as design information becomes available.

Extend standard libraries with custom-built components

All AMESim library components are either application-oriented or represent physical phenomena. Users can start from pre-constructed application models to experiment with new ideas and techniques to discover innovative solutions. A unique feature, AMESim users can also create and add to their own libraries. AMESet, the AMESim sub-model editing tool, is designed to help write well-documented, standardized, reusable and easily maintainable libraries. This guarantees that models are completely

To create a system simulation model in LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim, users simply access one of the numerous libraries of pre-defined and validated components from different physical domains, such as fluid, thermal, mechanical, electromechanical, powertrain and many others. All library components are completely validated to guarantee the accuracy and reliability of the simulation. By selecting the required validated component from the related library, users completely avoid the step of creating their own complicated code. Not only does this save enormous amounts of time, it also allows teams to easily create complex system models covering multiple domains. Rather than spending time simply building a functional model, engineers can focus on design-critical tasks like optimizing the design for best-in-class product behavior early in the process.

LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim LibrariesAccelerating model creation


LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim ToolsPowerful tools for design optimization

LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim offers an extensive tool set to optimize not only the design, but vital aspects of the entire design process. Besides its excellent design optimization capabilities, users can analyze multi-domain systems and graphical renditions of simulation results and generate customizable HTML reports. Pre-processing and post-processing tools include AMETable, a table editor that can handle N-dimension tables and create a 3D representation of the N-dimension table, and AMEPlot, a tool that displays complex plots.

AMEAnimation: create a 3D animation AMEAnimation is a convenient way to create a 3D animation of any AMESim simulation. Users can simply create and link objects in AMEAnimation to the simulation itself. Users can easily visualize the physical component behavior according to set parameters to demonstrate the final results of the simulation.

Analysis tools: understanding intrinsic system behavior Analysis tools, such as Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), spectral map, linear analysis order tracking and activity index, help explain system behavior, highlighting main dynamics so that the user can simplify the modeling process with a managed level of accuracy. Linear analysis can also help users obtain sufficient intrinsic system behavior. AMESim provides a comprehensive set of methods: eigenvalues, modal shapes, root locus, and transfer function representation thanks to Bode, Nichols and Nyquist plots.


Parallel Processing: CPU maximizationWith a sole single processor, design exploration or batch runs can take some time. In this case, it is best to use more than one processor. LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim can use the MPICH standard for parallel processing. This option is a much more convenient method to handle robust design runs. It uses separate networked processors.

Discrete Partitioning: Simulations beyond your wildest dreamsDiscrete partitioning is a technique that can lead to extremely large run-time reductions for certain types of hydraulic systems, such as fuel injection, automatic gearbox command, and ABS. Discrete partitioning uses genuine physical discrete communication to produce a model that is suitable for co-simulation without accuracy loss. It takes advantage of wave propagation physics in hydraulic lines.

LMS Imagine.Lab OPTIMUSExploring the parameter space and optimizing the designIn the world of multi-domain system simulation, the realm of 1D is probably the place where design exploration techniques are the most effective. Whether used for design or validation, system models can provide global parameter access that directly influences design decisions. LMS Imagine.Lab OPTIMUS is a design optimization software application that captures and manages LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim engineering simulations. Users can quickly explore the design space with Design of Experiments (DOE) and Response Surface Modeling (RSM) techniques to gain critical insight in possible design alternatives.

Design of Experiments (DOE) permits parameter screening and helps define an optimal set of experiments in the design space to obtain maximum information with the highest accuracy level at the lowest cost.

Thanks to the multi-objective state-of-the-art optimization methods adapted from Noesis OPTIMUS, another LMS technology, LMS Imagine.Lab OPTIMUS can find the best-possible set of design variables to satisfy all constraints and provide optimal values for established objective functionality.

To assess and optimize design responses taking into account the variability present in the LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim design input parameters, LMS Imagine.Lab OPTIMUS deploys robustness and reliability engineering methodologies as well.


LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim InterfacesSeamless design process integration

LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim is an open platform for efficient integration with third-party software for control, real-time simulation, multi-body simulation, process integration and design optimization. Besides its integration functionality, LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim features a generic co-simulation interface to couple multi-domain system simulation to any kind of dynamic 3D model, for example, a computational fluid dynamic simulation or finite element analysis. This allows LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim to be seamlessly integrated into the extended digital development process.

Control system design: maximal interactionLMS Imagine.Lab AMESim is a complete systems engineering platform and Simulink from Mathworks is the de facto standard for control system design. How to link the two? The point-to-point AMESim-Simulink interface provides an easy-to-use and efficient tool to link an AMESim plant model with a Simulink control system model. Thanks to its simplified model exchange, users significantly benefit from more efficient communication between control systems teams and systems engineering teams as the link eliminates the need to re-write complex multi-domain models for various platforms. In addition, the Blackbox Export option allows users to export a standalone model into Simulink. This facilitates model sharing with suppliers, customers or other internal partners or departments using Simulink without rewriting the model itself.

Scripting: automate complex and repetitive tasksA time-saving feature, LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim provides a comprehensive set of scripts that support programming in higher abstraction-level languages like Python, MATLAB, Scilab, Microsoft Excel or Visual Basic Application to automate model interaction for batch runs, perform complex or automated pre-processing, or integrate an AMESim model within an external application.


Real Time: from high-fidelity modeling to HiL simulationThe Real Time option lets users export an AMESim model to a real-time hardware target for a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation. This makes it possible, for instance, to test an ECU before installing it in the real system and eliminate bugs early in the development process. Thanks to AMESim’s real-time functionality, creating a real-time simulation model is simpler and faster. Development cycle uncertainty resulting from late design process integration is practically eliminated, translating to significantly improved product quality and reliability.

LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim offers a similar kind of approach compatible with National Instruments products. Users of these measurement automation and control systems can export LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim models to LabVIEW and its Real-Time Module.

Multi-Body: a scalable simulation process with 3D mechanical systems Physical systems are often composed of different elements all working together, such as pneumatics, mechanics, hydraulics, electronics or control systems. Interactions between multi-disciplinary systems and complex multi-body systems can be difficult to manage in a single modeling software package. This is why users can connect AMESim to a specialized multi-body package, such as LMS Virtual.Lab Motion or MSC.ADAMS. The multi-body interfaces provided by LMS Imagine make it simple to model each sub-system directly in the appropriate environment and perform combined simulation using either model export facilities or co-simulation.

Process Integration: automate simulation across engineering disciplinesBesides native design exploration tools, AMESim provides users with an additional direct interface for Noesis OPTIMUS or iSIGHT through AMEPilot. AMEPilot features an easy way to initiate AMESim model runs from outside the platform. With this, users can simply change the model parameters to obtain post-treated simulation results. The AMESim Export module sets up suitably formatted parameters for AMEPilot.

Co-simulation: CAE software integration and legacy codesCo-simulation means that two models are simulated within their own simulation environments (including solvers), but communicate at regular intervals. The Generic Co-simulation Interface is primarily intended for establishing co-simulation with third-party software, such as Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), but it can also be used for parallel AMESim-AMESim co-simulation.

Modeling Languages: AMESim proprietary support and the open-source Modelica language Modelica is an object-oriented modeling language designed for multi-disciplinary system modeling. LMS is a core team member in charge of language improvement and promoting the standard. LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim is able to import Modelica models and link them to models in the AMESim libraries, securing the investment users may have made in developing Modelica libraries.


20 LMS Imagine.Lab Solutions LMS International | [email protected] | www.lmsintl.com

LMS Imagine.Lab SolutionsAddressing application-specific simulation needs

The beauty of LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim is that it simplifies multi-domain integration using an easy-to-use simulation process. All engineers need to do is connect various validated components to simply and accurately predict multi-disciplinary intelligent system performance.

21LMS Imagine.Lab SolutionsLMS International | [email protected] | www.lmsintl.com

LMS Imagine.Lab SolutionsAddressing application-specific simulation needs

LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim provides users direct access to multi-domain simulation solutions for powertrain, transmission and internal combustion engines, vehicle thermal management, fluids systems, ground loads and flight controls, vehicle system dynamics, energy and electromechanical systems. Each of these solutions comprises a specific set of tools and application libraries and focuses on delivering simulation capabilities to assess the behavior of specific subsystems. For example, engineering teams can analyze and optimize the NVH performance of transmission systems, or fine-tune air management and ECU calibration for combustion engines. With LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim, systems can be studied independently, but what makes LMS Imagine.Lab truly unique is the possibility to integrate subsystems into a unique environment to evaluate their interaction.

Focusing on engineering challenges

By using LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim, designers and engineers can efficiently examine the multi-domain performance of new products. The libraries help users to take a quick start and adjust their designs to achieve specified requirements in terms of performance, safety, comfort, reliability, fuel economy, minimized emissions and optimized cost. The dedicated solutions also feature the full flexibility of the LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim platform to customize models and to create new model components. This enables development teams to assess the performance of design variables and explore radically new concepts and innovative product designs.

“WIth the dedicated LMS Imagine.Lab solutions, users can customize models and create new model components. This way development teams can easily assess the performance of design variables and explore radically new concepts and innovative product designs.”

Unique system simulation and application expertise

Based on 20 years of experience in 1D system simulation, LMS Imagine provides a unique combination of mature system simulation technologies and broad application know-how, gained through partnerships with customers and research institutes around the world. Through its open partnering model, LMS Imagine also offers its expertise to customize existing applications. LMS Imagine project teams capture company specific expertise into application libraries and specific simulation procedures. Building a powerful simulation solution around the core experience of a development organization efficiently streamlines the design process and provides higher quality.

LMS International | [email protected] | www.lmsintl.com22 LMS Imagine.Lab Solutions

LMS Imagine.Lab Powertrain Transmission

Transmission ComfortNoise, Vibration and HarshnessPerformance and Losses

LMS Imagine.Lab Internal Combustion Engine

Engine ControlAir Path ManagementCombustion

LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle System Dynamics

Vehicle DynamicsVehicle Dynamics ControlBraking System

LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Thermal Management

Vehicle Thermal ManagementEngine Thermal ManagementEngine Cooling System

LMS Imagine.Lab Fluids Systems

Internal Combustion Engine Related HydraulicsMobile Hydraulics Actuation SystemsAerospace Engine EquipmentEnvironmental Control Systems

LMS Imagine.Lab Ground Loads and Flight Controls

Ground LoadsFlight Controls

LMS Imagine.Lab Electromechanical

Electromechanical ComponentsElectrical Systems

LMS Imagine.Lab Energy

Fuel Cells

Hybrid VehicleEmissions

Power SteeringSuspension and Anti-Roll

Refrigerant LoopPassenger ComfortLubrication


LMS Imagine.Lab Powertrain Transmission LMS Imagine.Lab Powertrain Transmission provides a generic platform for analyzing and designing optimal transmission systems. LMS Imagine.Lab Powertrain Transmission gives access to driveline, engine and transmission models and components, and focuses on comfort, performance, losses and NVH (Noise-Vibration-Harshness) issues. These solutions help users to study the global behavior of the entire powertrain architecture, from low to high frequencies (> 40 Hz).LMS Imagine.Lab Powertrain Transmission facilitates the development of new concepts and solves powertrain transmission challenges such as high shift quality and low noise level of drivelines. It gives access to robust and effective modeling of non-linear phenomena as one may find in dry or wet clutches and also in dampers, dual mass flywheel, mass balancer, universal joints and gears backlash. The development time of powertrain systems can be significantly reduced from months to weeks, and the maintainability of models is greatly facilitated, thus increasing life-length while reducing costs of systems development. The constant evolution of application libraries ensures applicable models in an ever-changing industrial world.

¼ Transmission Comfort ¼ Noise, Vibration and Harshness ¼ Performances and Losses

ReferencesGeneral Motors - Automatic transmission development and hardware-in-the-loop testingFord Motor Company - Modeling for electro-hydraulic subsystems in automatic transmissionsRenault - Manual and automatic gearbox studyValeo - Transmission modeling for dynamic behavior, axial and torsional vibrations and stability studyZF Getriebe - Simulation of the hydraulic control unit of the automatic transmission 6HP26Volvo (Renault Trucks) - Powertrain vibrations and crankshaft deflexion/torsion studyBorg Warner - Hydraulic control unit skills for full service applicationElasis - Development and validation of a Selespeed gear-box model


Features Benefits

• Multi-domain system simulation platform• Multi-level engine representations (2D, 3D,

with different acyclism representations)• Multi-level transmission representations

(complex 40Hz to real time models)• Modeling of all transmission types

(hybrid, DCT, IVT, AT, MT, CVT)• Wide range of driveline components

(clutches with flexible models of dampers, U-joint, piloted differential, tires, 2D or 3D vehicle models)

• Design exploration matrix• Coupling tools with Simulink

and real-time platforms

• Modeling of all possible gearbox designs and powertrain architectures in a single integrated platform

• Modeling of every type of actuator• Better physical insight into driveline

vibration due to gear shift actuation• Significant reduction of chassis dyno

tests using off-line test procedure validation (HIL or/and SIL)

• Increased quality of final products • Reduced time-to-market and lower costs

Dual Clutch Transmission: validation of gear shifting control strategies.

Manual transmission: Powertrain Library icons facilitate the recognition of different elements - the resulting sketch is very close to a technical plan of a gearbox.

Automatic transmission: gear shift impact on passenger comfort.

LMS Imagine.Lab Transmission Comfort provides an optimal shift quality for every transmission technology.

LMS Imagine.Lab Transmission Comfort

The main challenge for today’s car and truck manufacturers is to increase their vehicles’ performance, while reducing fuel consumption pollutants emissions. At the same time, the vehicle’s comfort needs to be increased. LMS Imagine.Lab Transmission Comfort helps to accelerate the complete powertrain design. It guarantees maximum driver comfort through optimal shift transmission quality and provides a good torque applied to vehicles from engine through driveline. With LMS Imagine.Lab Transmission Comfort, users can comprehensively study the entire physics and control strategies of gear shifting for every kind of vehicle architecture (gearbox, driveline and engines) to improve comfort and avoid bad oscillations (0-40Hz). Every classical or “exotic” vehicle architecture can be computed with a flexible toolset that is included in the various structured libraries of physical models and consists of different complexity levels (from complex models validated at 40Hz to real time models).

LMS Imagine.Lab Transmission Comfort provides a comprehensive, flexible development framework ranging from design to validation and control. Thanks to off-the-shelf component libraries, users have access to graphical multi-physics system design, simulation and analysis in a single environment. The solution handles various levels of engine behavior (cold start, starter, etc.) and any kind of transmission (hybrid, DCT, IVT, AT, MT, CVT…). Users can combine all possible components in a gearbox, driveline or engine and subsequently analyze the total system design, thereby focusing on the comfort impact of defined strategies. The solution further offers to connect engine acyclism and vehicle driveline databases. Frequency analysis tools (modal shapes, eigenvalues, FFT, etc.) as well as the AMESet provide an accurate environment to represent physical details of a specific component design.

25LMS International | [email protected] | www.lmsintl.com LMS Imagine.Lab Solutions

Benefits

Features

• Ease of representing fluid and mechanical dynamics

• Detection and modification of natural modes contributors to reduce vibrations

• Reduction of contact force variations with backlash through teeth and planets optimization

• All frequency tools to accurately analyze oscillations (eigenvalues, modal shapes, order tracking frequency response analyzer)

• Coupling of linear and non-linear models• Capability to connect Finite Element

models (optimized for reduced CPU time) and non-linear actuators excitations

Engine torsional harmonics with variable number of cylinders.

Specific Finite Element submodels for advanced applications (here a 3D engine) based on modal analysis.

Vibration analysis of a truck driveline: spectral map.Vibration analysis of a truck driveline: eigenvalues and modal shapes.

LMS Imagine.Lab Noise, Vibration and Harshness

LMS Imagine.Lab Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) gives users an in-depth understanding of the NVH powertrain system performance. The solution provides all the required information on the root causes of noise and vibration problems related to hydraulic dynamics, mechanical contacts or slip control. These can potentially generate a negative quality perception or key component durability problems. Moreover, with LMS Imagine.Lab Noise, Vibration and Harshness, mechanical parts and overall system architecture can be optimized. Uses can focus on NVH sources and related corrective component efficiency: engine torsional harmonics, driveline vibration analysis, dual mass flywheel, clutch dampers, idle noise (>300Hz) and whining noise (>1 kHz).

The solution provides a better physical understanding of driveline vibrations due to a combination of linear and nonlinear systems (dry frictions, variable stiffness, endstops, bearings, joints, gear backlash). The Finite Element (FE) import interface is able to include any FE mesh (modal base or condensed) in an AMESim sketch to study the coupling between mechanical 3D structures or 3D shafts with actuators (electrics or hydraulics).

Engineers can considerably reduce the number of vehicle dynamics test benches, using AMESim’s off-line test procedure validation on any vehicle powertrain architecture:

• Transmission part: mechanical, automated, dual clutch, infinitely variable, continuously variable

• Driveline part: universal joints, clutch dampers, dual mass flywheel, chassis• Engine part: crankshaft, camshaft, valves, rocker arms


Features Benefits

• Quasi-steady state and low frequencies simulation capabilities

• Models for global vehicle architecture definition

• Models for specific and detailed gearboxes• Off-line test procedure

validation (HIL or/and SIL)• Fully interfaced with Matlab/Simulink

and common real-time platforms (dSPACE, Opal RT, xPC Target)

• Flexible post-processing results (AMESim, Excel)

• Optimization of ratios and control strategies over performance cycles

• Prediction of heat release leading to heat exchanger sizing

• Prediction of losses to improve consumption

• Analyze any kind of vehicle architecture

Highly detailed modeling for gear losses: losses computation for each group of gears, bearings and joints.

Model of an electrical vehicle including a strategy of battery regeneration during the braking phase.

Fuel consumption on a conventional vehicle with gasoline engine and mechanical gearbox.

The flexibility of LMS Imagine.Lab Performances and Losses helps test innovative architectures like hybrid vehicles.

LMS Imagine.Lab Performance and Losses

With LMS Imagine.Lab Performance and Losses, users can define vehicle powertrain architectures for dedicated studies on performance and consumption. This helps engineers to design optimal strategies to reduce fuel consumption while providing a consistent output power curve within the engine’s best operating range, which reduces mechanical losses and optimizes controls. LMS Imagine.Lab Performance and Losses gives engineers the required insight to take key design decisions for optimal customer satisfaction and comfort.

LMS Imagine.Lab Performance and Losses helps to accelerate the design of any kind of powertrain, drivelines and gearboxes: gasoline/diesel vehicles (sedan cars, utilities and trucks), hybrids (series, parallel and others), automatic gearboxes, CVT, IVT, DCT transmissions, accessories (air conditioning, power steering). Users can perform a detailed study of the various power consumptions in a chosen car architecture and are able to meet specific requirements with a system level analysis. LMS Imagine.Lab Performance and Losses comes with a set a state-of-the-art physical models and libraries to study the couplings between thermal, hydraulics, electrical and mechanicals domains. It also provides efficient simulations and quality results for optimized engine (ECU) and gearbox (TCU) control design and validation.

LMS Imagine.Lab Performances and Losses makes it possible to run off-line test procedure validation (HIL or/and SIL) and fully interface with Matlab Simulink and common real-time platforms (dSPACE, Opal RT, xPC Target); in this way integrating the design process from simulation to test bench. Finally, the solution can run performance testing and comparisons with customer’s requirements, and evaluate fuel consumption/emission according to ISO requirements (cumulated raw emission calculation).


LMS Imagine.Lab Internal Combustion Engine LMS Imagine.Lab Internal Combustion Engine helps users model and design comprehensive engine systems from air management and combustion up to engine control by providing accurate physical engine models and components. LMS Imagine.Lab Internal Combustion Engine has been developed in close collaboration with IFP. As a result, it offers a cutting-edge, flexible environment for designing and optimizing “virtual” engine and automotive subsystem concepts. Users have the ability to study couplings with fuel injection subsystems, vehicle thermal management, powertrain and any other components, and can adapt model definitions to a wide range of usage scenarios. Impact analyses of advanced technology choices can now be processed and analyzed on the spot.

¼ Engine Control ¼ Air Path Management ¼ Combustion ¼ Hybrid Vehicle ¼ Emissions

ReferencesSiemens VDO - Gasoline engine ECU validation on HiLIFP - Observer design for downsized gasoline engine controlDelphi Diesel Systems - Diesel engine ECU validation on HiLToyota - Test of new warm-up strategies for fuel consumption reductionRenault - Development of VVA control strategies Fiat Powertrain Technologies - New combustion concepts to satisfy future emission legislation


Features Benefits

• Engine models running offline/online (real time)

• A chain of models with associated methodology, suitable for every stage of the design process

• Non-linear engine models based on physics (including phenomenological combustion models)

• Several model levels available for most components (to find the best compromise between detailed description and CPU time)

• Engine model can be linked to other AMESim model libraries (cooling system, transmission) to obtain a comprehensive model

• Compatibility with major hardware manufacturers for real-time simulation (Mathworks, NI, D2T…)

• Process more virtual adjustments and tuning

• Improve test quality and perform in-depth control validation thanks to more accurate and faster models

• Develop more sophisticated and easy to calibrate control strategies

• Take advantage of a single environment for engine and control design/validation

• Gain in efficiency with easy-to-share models

• Quickly adapt to new projects with easy-to-modify models

• Reduce need for testing on account of real-time combustion models based on geometrical parameters , improved test specification and better insight

• Comprehensive engine actuators modeling

A methodology has been set up to simplify high fidelity models into a mean value engine model, using the DOE tool embedded within LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim.

A complete vehicle model including a mean value engine model as the core of an engine HiL test bench.

The co-simulation between LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim and Simulink is used to design engine control strategies with the help of an engine-to-pilot model.

LMS Imagine.Lab Engine Control is a complete and integrated solution to design and set up robust engine controls.

LMS Imagine.Lab Engine Control

LMS Imagine.Lab Engine Control is a complete and integrated solution to design and set up robust engine controls. From design to validation, it provides a relevant toolset to manage the growing complexity of engine control strategies and drive assistance technologies directly linked to the engine (speed regulation, gearbox). LMS Imagine.Lab Engine Control goes further than the classical “automatic” control approach, and provides a unique methodology for control design. The solution is mainly based on a strong modeling competence and a thorough understanding of the system physics.

OEMs and suppliers, engine manufacturers, engine control designers and testers (HIL test-benches) will be able to use state-of-the-art engine models, suitable for every stage from design to validation, as well as in real time. By using LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim throughout the development process, project engineers can implement and capitalize on their own modeling know-how, and share models to gain time and efficiency. Model accuracy and real–time analysis are no longer incompatible.

LMS Imagine.Lab Engine Control comes with a set of cutting-edge components:

• The LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim core platform• Control-specific interfaces (Simulink and Real-Time)• Links with market reference software : Simulink

(Mathworks), Morphee2 (D2T), LabView RT (NI) • Standard and specific libraries and components/models• Analysis tools and methodologies for model reduction

For more specific usage, detailed models of engine subsystems are available (injection, air loop, driveline, thermal, electrical actuators and motors) as well as analysis tools to study the combustion process in real time.

Implementing LMS Imagine.Lab Engine Control helps engineers reduce time to market (gain in efficiency) and design/validation costs (mainly reduce testing needs) while improving quality and robustness (better physical understanding, increase validation capacity). It offers unrivalled model-based, multi-domain system simulation within a single simulation platform, both in the design and validation process (Hardware-in-the-Loop and Software-in-the-Loop).

LMS Imagine.Lab Engine Control has been developed in close collaboration with IFP, ensuring delivery of cutting-edge, innovative and robust solutions.


Features Benefits

• Physical combustion models for compression ignition and spark ignition applications coming from 3D

• Modular & multi-domain approach to model all kinds of configurations (system approach)

• Detailed modeling of air path actuators and sensors (valves, VVT, VVA)

• Phenomenological combustion model to analyze impact on torque and emissions

• Steady-state and transient operations• Several levels of detail depending

on the simulation constraints• Interface with Simulink for actuator/

system control design

• Efficiently test new technologies and designs

• Access a balanced compromise between required simulation accuracy and calculation times

• Improve data and model exchanges (collaborative work)

• Optimize the design at the system level taking into account interactions with thermal aspects, combustion and exhaust

• Predict the impact of the air path strategy on performance, noise, emissions and residual gas

• Directly evaluate associated control strategies

Detailed modeling of a Variable Valve Actuation system coupled with a single cylinder diesel engine.

The modular approach of AMESim makes it possible to design all kinds of air paths like dual-stage turbo chargers.

Users can obtain a graphical representation of the interpolations results with AMETable.

LMS Imagine.Lab Air Path Management provides a quickanalysis of the impact of technical architecture such asVVA systems.

LMS Imagine.Lab Air Path Management

LMS Imagine.Lab Air Path Management helps users to design all kinds of air path architectures - including exhaust systems - for any kind of technical choice. The solution provides a quick analysis of the impact of selected technical architectures (variable valve timing, turbo charging, exhaust gas recirculation, diesel particle filter). It accurately manages the air mass and burned gas ratio in the combustion chamber.

Engine technology focuses on how to maintain performance while reducing both emissions and fuel consumption. The main concern for cutting-edge engine design relates to NOx and CO2 emissions. Some of the major challenges that engineers are faced with today are accurately analyzing combustion by mastering injection and in-cylinder gas composition as well as managing optimized downsizing associated with turbo charging.

LMS Imagine.Lab Air Path Management is based on the AMESim multi-domain system simulation approach and on a set of libraries and component models, which provide the necessary tools to design advanced air path management strategies: mechanical, IFP-engine and thermal libraries, powerful analysis tools, turbo map pre-processing, linear analysis, Simulink interface, generic co-simulation to allow coupling with CFD tools.

LMS Imagine.Lab Air Path Management helps to design all kinds of configurations and provides detailed modeling of air path actuators like valves, VVT, and VVA. Moreover, with the phenomenological combustion model the impact on torque, emissions and consumption can be analyzed. Furthermore, the interaction between air path and other engine subsystems can be detailed and examined.

With LMS Imagine.Lab Air Path Management, engineers can efficiently test new technologies and designs, and take advantage of a balanced compromise between required simulation accuracy and calculation times. Finally, LMS Imagine.Lab Air Path Management directly evaluates the system’s behavior and helps to define associated control strategies when coupled to the LMS Imagine.Lab Engine Control solution. Engineers can focus on real issues rather than on the development and maintenance of engine models. The solution’s flexibility and modularity makes it possible to implement and integrate the latest technological innovations.

LMS Imagine.Lab Air Path Management has been developed in close collaboration with IFP, ensuring the delivery of cutting-edge, innovative solutions.


Features Benefits

• Straightforward 3D calculation integration in a system approach

• State-of-the-art 3D and 1D models suitable for various applications from large diesel to high-rev gasoline engines

• State-of-the-art empirical models (Wiebe law) with automated fitting tool

• Accurately predict boundary conditions for 3D calculations using 1D models

• Combine good prediction of combustion heat release in 1D by integrating models and methodologies developed for 3D approaches

IFP-Engine proposes advanced combustion models derived from 3D combustion models, like Coherent Flame Model for spark ignition engines.

IFP-C3D is embedded in the LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim environment as the 3D tool dedicated to CFD Engine calculations.

1D combustion models in LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim taking into account geometry allow 3D visualization within Paraview.

LMS Imagine.Lab Combustion supports the design and the optimization of new combustion processes and adaptation of engines to alternative fuels.

LMS Imagine.Lab Combustion

LMS Imagine.Lab Combustion supports the design and the optimization of new combustion processes and adaptation of engines to alternative fuels. It helps users to optimize the cylinder geometry (piston shape, head, location of injectors, plug), to optimize engine parameters (such as advance, turbulence: swirl/tumble/squish, lambda control or injection split…) for different fuel types, and study advanced combustion processes including HCCI and CAI. Combustion processes get increasingly complex in order to comply with conflicting demands. More stringent emission standards have to be met while customers desire higher engine response and lower noise levels. Engine designers are therefore looking for interesting alternatives beyond the continuously evolving conventional gasoline Spark Ignition (SI) and diesel Compression Ignition (CI) combustions.

LMS Imagine.Lab Combustion provides an efficient way to investigate the transient engine behavior by using an unparalleled numerical multi-domain system simulation approach. The IFP-Engine library provides dedicated components for combustion simulations and can be seamlessly coupled with 3D combustion codes and models (like IFP-C3D).

LMS Imagine.Lab Combustion provides the ideal toolset to analyze the dynamic behavior of any combustion process, and enables flawless 3D calculation integration in a system approach. Dedicated libraries come with state-of-the-art 1D and 3D models suitable for various applications from large diesel to high-rev gasoline engines.


Benefits

Features

Engineers can analyze and validate the power management of hybrid powertrain systems.

Example of a hybrid vehicle series including the modeling of the battery.

Electrical motor and generator operating all along the vehicle cycle.

Results of a parallel hybrid vehicle model show that the internal combustion engine is used only in the final part of the cycle, when a higher car velocity is required.

• Easily link powertrain subsystems • Rapidly size hybrid powertrain

architectures• Study their effects on performance,

emissions and fuel consumption

• All necessary components to model hybrid vehicles

• Possibility to detail any subsystem• Several possibilities for the control design

- Interface with Simulink (Mathworks) - Link with Morphee2 (D2T) - Link with LabView RT (NI)

• AMESet to modify existing submodels and/or create specific ones

LMS Imagine.Lab Hybrid Vehicle

With LMS Imagine.Lab Hybrid Vehicle, engineers can define, analyze and validate power management, electric systems and engine sizing/architecture for hybrid powertrain systems. It helps to define and specify the best powertrain architecture, taking vehicle thermal and power management into account.

The requirements regarding driving and comfort have become as stringent as fuel consumption and vehicle emission regulations. Hybridization is one of most effective measures to reach challenging emission and fuel consumption targets.

LMS Imagine.Lab Hybrid Vehicle is based on the AMESim multi-domain system simulation approach and provides dedicated tools that help to model and design hybrid engine architectures. With the AMESim models, a conventional propulsion system with an on-board rechargeable energy storage system can be designed through a set of specific multi-domain libraries (IFP-Drive, IFP-Engine, Electric Motors and Drives, Powertrain) and, subsequently, the behavior of the entire system and its individual components can be studied. The AMESim platform also takes into account control systems thanks to advanced real-time interfaces with most commonly used real-time targets.


Features Benefits

• Dedicated ready-to-use libraries for modeling pollutant formation in the combustion chamber, the exhaust system and the associated controls

• A direct coupling between the combustion process with engine-out emissions/injection/air path/engine thermal management/pollutant after-treatment

• Several levels of coupling available

• Complete analysis of system cross-influences in a single platform

• Possibility to run steady-state and transient analysis

• Accurate description of engine warm-up and catalytic converter light-off

LMS Imagine.Lab Emissions accurately predicts the NOx storage and release into a Lean NOx Trap.

The previous model simulates the light-off and conversion efficiency of a 3-way catalytic converter.

Model of an internal combustion engine with exhaust line, showing exhaust generation and pollutant post-treatment.

LMS Imagine.Lab Emissions facilitates global engine optimization according to required emission standards.

LMS Imagine.Lab Emissions

LMS Imagine.Lab Emissions focuses on overall engine optimization according to required emission standards. The ready-to-use models enable users to test engine configurations including the after-treatment components and control strategies, and consequently investigate strategies for emission reduction. LMS Imagine.Lab Emissions assists in meeting the most stringent emission standards (Euro IV and V, TierII) and helps accurately model and analyze NOx, CO, CO2, particles emission levels depending on technological choices.

LMS Imagine.Lab Emissions is based on the AMESim multi-domain system simulation approach and comes with a set of advanced tools and libraries for modeling the engine architecture and its environment (injection system, exhaust, combustion chamber, cooling system). The IFP-Drive, IFP-Engine, IFP-Exhaust, Thermal, Cooling System libraries can model the whole engine system and easily couple multiple physical domains to accurately study interactions and cross-influences.

LMS Imagine.Lab Emissions is especially useful for engineers in charge of engine or exhaust development and calibration. It offers new opportunities in terms of system optimization and focuses on the possibility to couple the engine and exhaust system. It is strongly linked to other engine solutions, such as air path management, combustion, injection, control and thermal management. It helps to investigate the effect of engine design parameters and control strategies on the engine-out emissions taking into account the running conditions, the combustion process itself as well as the influence on the exhaust process and the tailpipe emissions. LMS Imagine.Lab Emissions presents a new method to explore and optimize engine emissions during cold start with engine warm-up and catalytic converter light-off.


LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle System Dynamics LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle System Dynamics offers dedicated capabilities to design individual chassis system components (brakes, suspension, steering, anti-roll system and the vehicle itself) and integrate them in a single system model to simulate and validate global chassis control strategies. Engineers can easily and efficiently connect all chassis components for detailed analysis.LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle System Dynamics presents a unique platform to model and simulate actuators and vehicles, with different levels of model details and straightforward integration with software-in-the-loop or hardware-in-the-loop validation processes. It also includes an extensive vehicle dynamics library, and interfaces with simulation suites like LMS Virtual.Lab Motion, MSC.Adams and Simulink.

¼ Vehicle Dynamics ¼ Vehicle Dynamics Control ¼ Braking System ¼ Power Steering ¼ Suspension and Anti-Roll

ReferencesPSA Peugeot Citroen - Vehicle dynamics engineeringDelphi - ABS pump simulationIAV - Design of anti-roll systemZF Lenksysteme - Simulation of power steering systemsToro Rosso - Analysis of a F1 car braking systemDoosan Infracore - Steering system of a wheel loaderInternational Truck and Engine - Chassis applicationsContinental - Modeling of a brake actuation systemFiat - Electro-hydraulic braking


Benefits

Features

AMEAnimation is useful for visualizing the results of the Vehicle Dynamic solution as a 3D animation scene.

LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Dynamics can make a coupling between the vehicle model and the detailed model of key subsystems such as the steering system.

Parametric functions help to modify the shape of kinematics tables to optimize the axle system geometry and the vehicle behavior.

LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Dynamics presents a modular approach and functional models for vehicle dynamics study.

LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Dynamics

LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Dynamics offers a complete toolset to test and optimize vehicle comfort as well as ride and handling behavior from the early concept stage onwards. It is able to assess the interaction between the vehicle, its key subsystems (steering, brakes, suspension) and their controllers to ensure optimal driving pleasure, comfort and enhanced safety.

To meet the increasingly shorter full vehicle development process, LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Dynamics presents a modular approach and functional models for vehicle dynamics study. Users can create functional models for vehicle dynamics and carefully evaluate the full vehicle behavior. The AMESim modularity, excellent solver capabilities and specific physical libraries open up integration possibilities for OEMs and suppliers.

LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Dynamics delivers a modular and open architecture, which creates possibilities to share libraries and subsystem models not only between internal departments but also with external supplier companies. The open communication possibilities help to effortlessly link 1D AMESim simulation studies with in-depth 3D multi-body analysis tools. The solution comes with a large set of dedicated tools especially useful for vehicle dynamics purposes, including data management, parametric functions to modify the shape of kinematics tables, post-treatment and optimization tools. The strong integration capabilities of the vehicle dynamics engineering process provide a detailed insight into the numerous component and system interactions that determine a vehicle’s ride and handling profile.

• Analyze global vehicle behavior without use of detailed models of suspension architecture

• Design vehicle architectures with an advanced real-time physical system approach

• Test, analyze and refine your technical choices thanks to a large range of post-processing tools (linear analyses, optimization, FFT)

• Choose the complexity degree of your subsystem thanks to connections to other AMESim libraries (mechanics, hydraulics, electro-mechanical)

• Comprehensive vehicle dynamics library for real-time simulation or real-time hardware

• Open tool for vehicle data management of OEMs and suppliers process

• Parametric functions to modify the shape of kinematics tables in order to optimize the vehicle behavior


Benefits

Features

LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Dynamics Control

With LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Dynamics Control, chassis designers and engineers can simulate vehicles, sensors, actuators and the control strategy in a single comprehensive platform, which can be extended to Simulink/RTW for real-time simulation purposes. Via the Simulink interface, the solution can handle high-quality control strategies on detailed models, as well as tests on safety-related electronic systems (ECU design, testing, robustness and fault diagnosis).

Users can explore functional architectures for vehicle dynamics control to enhance vehicle ride comfort, handle the best compromises and integrate new concepts, all in one single platform. It offers the possibility to explore overlapping functions (interactions of tire, driveline, brake, suspension and steering) and analyses couplings in critical situations in which actuator dynamics are relevant. The platform’s open-ended architecture makes it possible to include customer models/libraries and seamlessly run complex analyses, model reduction and real-time tests.

LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Dynamics Control ensures significant productivity gains, maximizes knowledge and minimizes time by using reliable libraries and advanced interfaces with most commonly used third party technologies for controls. Engineers can identify the optimal configuration between vehicle, actuators and controllers, and predict vehicle system response to driver steering, braking, throttling and shifting, road inputs and wind perturbations.

• AMESim/Simulink interface (import, export and co-simulation) to couple the ECU model with the plant model

• Powerful analysis tools for adapting models to specific purposes:

- Activity Index - Eigenvalues - Modal Shapes - State Count

• Easy integration of various sub-systems (braking system, power steering, suspension to deliver performance improvements as well as driver support and comfort)

• Detailed analysis on real-time models• Test and validate control strategies

on detailed models early in the process of ECU testing

A complete dynamic vehicle model with integrated ABS system, coupled with the ABS controller developed in Simulink.

A functional model of an ABS system helps to validate the real controller unit on a real-time target.

dSPACE ControlDesk has the ability to create a complete experimental environment with virtual instrument panels, piloting or showing defined parameters and variables of the AMESim model.

LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Dynamics Control helps test and validate control strategies on detailed models early in the process.


Benefits

Features

• Accurately analyze specific issues posed by braking systems such as noise, vibrations and architecture impacts

• Benefit of a comprehensive platform for studying multiple technologies: - ABS, ESP, TCS, Antiskid circuit analysis - Booster, master cylinder, caliper and circuits - Electro-hydraulic braking systems - Pneumatic systems for trucks and buses

• Evaluation of the braking system performances on the entire virtual vehicle model

A functional model of an ABS system helps to validate the real controller unit on a real-time target.

AMESim sketches can be simplified using supercomponents of detailed models of the systems.

A detailed technological model of the booster, which helps to evaluate its performance in function of the geometry and material characteristics.

LMS Imagine.Lab Braking System facilitates the development of ESP systems, from valve design to control strategies validation.

• State-of-the-art hydraulic & pneumatic component design of ABS, ESP and standard braking systems

• Real-time possibilities with semi-automatic model reduction features

• Seamless integration with the chassis through through the Vehicle Dynamics library models

LMS Imagine.Lab Braking System

With LMS Imagine.Lab Braking System, users can design and optimize braking systems and components (booster, master cylinder and valves) early in the process as well as test control strategies using hardware-in-the-loop. It facilitates the development of ABS and ESP systems, as well as other active control systems. It further gives an understanding of the noise and vibration behavior and control of the braking system.

LMS Imagine.Lab Braking System gives access to braking circuit dynamics and helps to analyze and compare different hydraulic architectures (X, H, I) to evaluate braking distance or vehicle stability if connected to a vehicle model. Moreover, the solution seamlessly handles both hydraulic and/or pneumatic systems.

In more detailed studies, LMS Imagine.Lab Braking System has the capability to perform global system sizing and handle behavior analyses of typical braking circuit components (both for low and high frequency). It has the ability to study pressure valves stability of ABS and ESP systems, run analyses of the ABS and ESP complete hydraulic circuit and cavitation (noise) in the master cylinder when releasing pressure. The complete braking circuit including booster, master cylinder and valves can be assessed in a detailed or in a more basic way that is able to run in real-time.


Features Benefits

• State-of-the-art models for fluids, mechanical and electrical modeling

• Pump models for flow ripple analysis and contribution in the supply line

• Wide friction models for detailed or real time aspects

• Interface with LMS Virtual.Lab Motion and MSC.ADAMS

• Electronic Control Unit integration with Simulink interface

• Seamless integration within the chassis through Vehicle Dynamics library models

• Open architecture capable of studying different technologies: fully hydraulic (HPS), electro-hydraulic (EHPS), fully electric (EPS) power steering, steer-by-wire (SBW) systems

• Evaluation of steering system performances on the entire virtual vehicle model

• Rapidly analyze nibble and shimmy phenomena as well as pure hydraulic vibrations

• Easily study various scenarios: parking or driving maneuvers

• Ensure better maintainability and reusability

Fully electric (EPS) power steering can be studied through a comprehensive Electric Motors and Drives library.

The plot facilities help to perform FFT analysis on any result.

Example of a hydraulic power steering system, including a steering wheel, a rotary valve, a rack, a hydraulic jack and lines.

LMS Imagine.Lab Power Steering helps to evaluate steering system performances on the entire virtual vehicle model.

LMS Imagine.Lab Power Steering

LMS Imagine.Lab Power Steering provides reliable and accurate models to design robust power steering systems (stability, vibration, couplings analysis) while reducing time-to-market. The solution involves different AMESim tools and libraries focusing on the reality of the multi-domain approach which is required when dealing with hydraulic, electro-hydraulic and electric power steering systems.

LMS Imagine.Lab Power Steering focuses on functional design (mainly stability or vibration issues) and enables engineers to examine functionalities and performances of any power steering system to assess technology risks and examine related electronic control units.

Detailed views of the rotary valve, pump, and hydraulic circuit can be generated for more in-depth studies as well as for analysis of vibrations and stability in parking maneuvers or driving conditions. It is even possible to analyze the shimmy phenomenon and display its contributions on the steering system through interfaces with multi-body software like LMS Virtual.Lab Motion or MSC.ADAMS.

LMS Imagine.Lab Power Steering will significantly help to define optimal steering performance, present trade-offs between technologies, identify the optimal steering feel and assess the impact of driver assistance on the driver’s perception.


Features Benefits

Active roll systems including different levels of modeling: component level (here the actuator) and circuit level (pump, pressure and flow valves).

Hydraulic suspension integrating a static height correction.

The flexibility of LMS Imagine.Lab Suspension and Anti-Roll helps to model hydraulic or pneumatic dampers.

LMS Imagine.Lab Suspension and Anti-Roll helps to evaluate suspension system performances on the entire virtual vehicle model.

LMS Imagine.Lab Suspension and Anti-Roll

LMS Imagine.Lab Suspension and Anti-Roll helps users to size and analyze circuits and components involved in suspension and anti-roll systems. It can optimize the dynamic contribution of these systems to passenger comfort and vehicle handling, improve damper design versus cavitation, understand causes of vibration and analyze suspension control issues.

LMS Imagine.Lab Suspension and Anti-Roll helps to model and analyze passive and active suspensions for both hydraulic and pneumatic technologies. Magneto-rheological actuators can be modeled on demand. Users can equally model air suspension or air cushion together with self-leveling systems for cars as well as trucks and buses.

The different levels of modeling involved in the AMESim Hydraulic and Pneumatic libraries allow functional design and detailed analyses of such components in order to assess performance advantages (dynamics) and design/test those components according to control strategies. Finally, it is possible to accurately design control strategies regarding the technology and the dynamics involved.

Moreover, active roll systems can be modeled focusing on component and/or circuit design e.g. pressure valves stability and priority valve testing, couplings between the steering and roll bar circuits, cavitation in cylinders.

LMS Imagine.Lab Suspension and Anti-Roll is mainly used by the car industry but is also valid for buses, trucks and tilting systems for trains or special vehicles.

• Seamlessly define components• Use functional models from

conception to validation• Validate usability of various suspension

systems: - Passive, semi-active and active suspensions - Hydraulic and/or pneumatic suspensions - Global system or detailed component analysis

• Evaluation of suspension system performances on the entire virtual vehicle model

• Global view of valve characteristics• Damper models or complete circuits• Gas and liquid capabilities• Simulink interface • Seamless integration with

vehicle dynamics models


LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Thermal Management LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Thermal Management solutions provide dedicated tools to build and analyze complete vehicle thermal management models in a single environment. The solutions let users model, size and analyze components, subsystems, subsystem interaction, run steady-state and real transient multi-domain simulations and handle strategic heat management scenarios and their impact on fuel consumption and pollutant emissions as well as passenger comfort and engine performance. Vehicle thermal management solutions give engineers the possibility to work on detailed models of vehicle thermal management subsystems like cooling, lubrication, thermal engines, air-conditioning and in-cabin systems.


¼ Vehicle Thermal Management ¼ Engine Thermal Management ¼ Engine Cooling System ¼ Refrigerant Loop ¼ Passenger Comfort ¼ Lubrication

ReferencesToyota - Heat management simulation for diesel enginesFord - Modeling of engine lubrication systemsRenault - Vehicle thermal management - AC and cabin thermal load simulationValeo - Additional heating strategies on vehicle fuel consumption and pollutant emissionsCalsonic - CO2 AC system performances evaluation and vehicle thermal management


Benefits

Features

LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Thermal Management tests the impact of cabin heating strategies on fuel consumption.

This graph shows the temperature in the cabin with and without air conditioning, and the impact on fuel consumption.

LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Thermal Management defines fuel consumption increase due to air-conditioning loop activation.

LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Thermal Management helps study energy flows under the hood and within the cabin.

• Efficient and low cost alternative to prototyping or test rigging

• Easy to study subsystem integration• Modeling of energy flows under the hood

and in the cabin into a single environment • Fast validation of existing

vehicle architectures • Anticipate architecture changes on

potential gains in passenger comfort, fuel consumption and pollutant emissions

• Basic element approach for each subsystem (higher flexibility, higher degree of freedom in the modeling)

• Advanced application components • Model design including subsystems

connection and interaction• Off-the-shelf pre-existing models

for vehicle thermal management subsystems: vehicle model, air-conditioning, exhaust, cabin environment, and electric consumers

LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Thermal Management

LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Thermal Management provides a dedicated set of tools and libraries to study the energy flows under the hood and within the cabin, which are directly or indirectly contributing to pollutant emissions, fuel consumption, engine performance and passenger comfort. It helps engineers to focus on the interactions between different subsystems (lubrication, cooling, exhaust line, combustion chamber, engine thermal masses, air conditioning, electric auxiliaries, cabin and vehicle) to find the best compromises for energy flow management (thermal, thermal-fluids, electrical and mechanical).

LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Thermal Management, based on multi-physical component libraries, offers a decisive approach to control the energy flows.

Furthermore, LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Thermal Management helps analyze the influence of new generation subsystems (heat pump systems, energy storage systems, heat recovery system) or components (electric pumps, controlled valves, immersion heaters) on the overall system behavior and especially on fuel consumption, pollutant emissions and passenger comfort.

LMS Imagine.Lab Vehicle Thermal Management provides a cost effective alternative to prototypes so that virtual vehicle subsystems integration can be easily and rapidly studied. It is fully integrated into the LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim platform, and therefore takes advantage of its flexibility and its multi-domain modeling capabilities.


Features Benefits

The flexibility of LMS Imagine.Lab Engine Thermal Management helps simulate the impact of structural modifications, such as the addition of a storage tank in the coolant circuit, or the warm-up of the engine.

Typical results from engine thermal analysis are the oil and coolant temperature, both on a single operating point or on a driving cycle.

A complete engine thermal management model, including the metal masses, the lubrication circuit, the cooling circuit and a first modeling level of the combustion chamber and the friction heat sources.

LMS Imagine.Lab Engine Thermal Management helps to study the engine temperature influence on friction.

LMS Imagine.Lab Engine Thermal Management

LMS Imagine.Lab Engine Thermal Management helps model the overall energy balance of an engine in a single platform by considering thermal interactions between the lubrication and cooling systems, the thermal engine, the combustion chamber and the intake and exhaust pipes.System integration is one of the current challenges faced by car manufacturers and suppliers, especially in the field of engine thermal management. To ensure engine performance and design low consumption and low emission engines, while providing the best possible comfort to passengers, engineers have to be able to optimize the engine warm-up. With LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim tools, users can model engine warm-up and associated key-criteria (consumption, cabin heating) in a specific normalized cycle and rapidly study the influence of topological modifications of each subsystem (split cooling, energy storage tank, engine material changes, electric pump).

LMS Imagine.Lab Engine Thermal Management comes as a set of physics-based libraries such as Thermal, Thermal-Fluid and application libraries like Cooling Systems, IFP-Engine (combustion chamber thermal losses). Each product assists the user in building individual subsystems, analyzing their independent behavior, and defining interaction ports with the other subsystems. Finally, all the modules are connected together to create the engine thermal management model in a single environment.

This model is able to:

• Perform sensitivity analyses and optimization of the systems• Test new heat management strategies (split cooling, electric pump and

thermostat, water passage size, energy storage tank, additional heaters)• Test new engine architectures (double cylinder block water

jacket, new engine materials, thermal screen integration)• Create fuel consumption simulators

• Rapidly study influence of new heat management strategies and engine architectures on warm-up, fuel consumption and pollutant emissions

• Reduce development time by reusing models

• Adapt models to new engines• Study influence of solids and fluids

temperatures on friction and work on specific solutions to reduce/optimize engine friction

• Focus on system analysis instead of working on codes

• Easily integrate specific user libraries (heat exchangers, new technological components)

• Complete engine thermal model in a single environment

• State-of-the-art components • Boundary conditions in combustion

chamber from combustion analysis models (IFP-Engine library)

• Real transient models• Ready-to-apply methodologies

for design of complete engine thermal management models


Benefits

Features

A 3D environment instantaneously shows the impact of heat exchangers on the others.

The solution allows also to show the impact of heat exchangers stacks on the cooling system performance, for example, influence of a charge air cooler located just in front of the radiator.

The engine cooling system helps to calculate the coolant flow rate distribution as well as predict pressure and temperature levels throughout the circuit.

A typical engine cooling circuit, including a centrifugal pump, a thermostat, a radiator, an expansion tank, a heater component and an oil cooler.

• Ensure a sufficient flow to maintain critical engine parts at a required optimal temperature

• Size pump and other components (radiator, thermostat)

• Evaluate modifications of existing architecture

• Evaluate new architecture in a pre-design stage

• Check thermal behavior with different operating conditions through a defined cycle (transient)

• Steady-state and/or transient analysis• Isothermal or thermal analysis• Prediction of coolant flow

rates and pressure levels• Prediction of coolant temperature levels• Drive cycle analysis

LMS Imagine.Lab Engine Cooling System

With LMS Imagine.Lab Engine Cooling System, engineers can model the complete cooling system of a vehicle, including all the components (pump, thermostat, radiator) with the associated heat exchanges and interactions with other under the hood subsystems. It comes with a set of physics based elements, advanced component libraries and a specific heat exchanger stacking tool (vehicle front end) for thorough system analysis (isothermal or thermal) in steady-state and or transient configuration. Innovation in the engine cooling system field is clearly influenced by restrictive emissions requirements for reduced fuel consumption.

With LMS Imagine.Lab Engine Cooling System, engineers can calculate the coolant flow rate distribution as well as predict pressure and temperature levels throughout the circuit to study individual component and global system performances and behavior. Moreover, components thermal interactions and system architecture modifications (front end heat exchanger stacks) can be studied to perform drive cycle analysis and test new control strategies (fans, blowers, pumps).


Benefits

Features

LMS Imagine.Lab Refrigerant Loop

With LMS Imagine.Lab Refrigerant Loop the design of AC loops can be studied and performed. The climate control system has become one of the most important features in automotive comfort, and the refrigerant loop significantly influences fuel consumption and pollutant emissions. LMS Imagine.Lab Refrigerant Loop comes with a dedicated set of tools and libraries for pressures, temperatures, flow rates, prediction, heat exchangers characterizations, component performance optimization, Coefficient of Performance calculation, and drive cycle analysis. A new step in the understanding of the transient behavior of refrigerant loops has been achieved, by making it possible to efficiently size components (heat exchangers, compressor, thermal expansion value), test alternative fluids (e.g. CO2) and optimize/evaluate new architectures (several stage compressors, multi-evaporator systems, heat pump systems).

Moreover, engineers can further investigate more global thermal issues associated with refrigerant loop behavior, such as developing and testing control strategies and studying the impact of the system on the engine thermal management.

LMS Imagine.Lab Refrigerant Loop gives engineers the ability to ascertain that the system performs to the highest standards for optimal passenger comfort regardless of operating conditions.

• Transient and steady-state analysis• Prediction of pressures,

temperatures and flow rates• Geometrical heat exchanger

characterization• Prediction and optimization of

component performance and coefficient of performance loop

• Drive cycle analysis

• Ensure sufficient loop performance to provide optimal passenger comfort regardless of operating conditions

• Size components (heat exchangers, compressor, thermal expansion valve)

• Optimize mass of refrigerant in the loop• Evaluate new architectures (multi-

evaporator, heat pumps)• Evaluate loop performance

using alternative fluids • Suitable for studying HVAC as well as H2

storage, household appliances refrigerant loops, cryogenic engine applications

Advanced post treatment can be developed through Python scripts available in LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim.

A classical automotive air conditioning circuit using R134a as a refrigerant loop.

LMS Imagine.Lab Refrigerant Loop helps optimize passenger comfort regardless of operating conditions.

The refrigerant loop database assists in simulating CO2 air conditioning systems.


Benefits

Features

The cabin model computes the internal temperature and the relative humidity, taking into account the passenger influence.

With LMS Imagine.Lab Passenger Comfort additional heating strategies can be rapidly tested.

The refrigerant loop can be connected to a cabin model to develop a temperature control strategy to achieve the desired passenger comfort.

LMS Imagine.Lab Passenger Comfort helps study heating and cooling strategies to optimize passenger comfort.

• Size components (heater core, evaporators, ducts, fans/blowers)

• Test control strategies (AC compressor displacement, recycling modes, automatic AC control, control of blowers and fans rotary speeds)

• Test innovative AC solutions to optimize passenger comfort under specific operating conditions

• Transient and steady-state analysis• Prediction of air temperatures

and humidity in the cabin (cool down or heating) through ducts, heat exchangers and fans

• Prediction of pressure and heat losses from outside to the cabin air extraction

• Additional heating strategies• Drive cycle analysis

LMS Imagine.Lab Passenger Comfort

LMS Imagine.Lab Passenger Comfort helps to study thermal interactions between the air conditioning (AC) system, the cooling system and the cabin or vehicle interior. Engineers can evaluate and control the cabin cool down or heating processes (air temperature and humidity), as well as study the integration of additional heaters and their influence on passenger comfort, especially when using high efficiency engines with low thermal losses.

Engineers can study the impact of exterior conditions and technological choices on the air temperatures and humidity within the cabin.

The different analysis capabilities of the platform help the user thoroughly study the behavior of the entire system according to heating strategies and drive cycles under specific operating conditions. With LMS Imagine.Lab Passenger Comfort, it is possible to accurately size components (heater core, evaporators, ducts, fans/blowers), test control strategies (AC compressor displacement, recycling modes, automatic AC control, control of blowers and fan rotary speeds) and analyze innovative air-conditioning architecture.


Features Benefits

LMS Imagine.Lab Lubrication

LMS Imagine.Lab Lubrication offers the required tools to model and design the entire engine lubrication system with all the associated components (pump, valves, bearings) for performance validation, system optimization, failures investigation and evaluation of new architecture. With LMS Imagine.Lab Lubrication, users can perform steady-state and transient analyses, as well as isothermal or thermal analyses.

The complete oil path through the engine model can be used to make sure that the required amount of oil is delivered to the different components. The aim is to optimize pump sizing, to develop intelligent systems (piloted pump) thereby reducing power absorbed by these components as well as systems using oil pressure (VVT, VVA and more). In this way, the integration of new components (oil cooler, VVT, VVA, piston cooling jets) can be evaluated. A total synchronization of components (pump) for different engines and platforms can thus be achieved as well as a detailed validation of production-driven architecture changes.

LMS Imagine.Lab Lubrication is able to run steady-state and transient analyses which take thermal effects into account. The user can integrate frictional heat sources in pumps, bearings and contacts between piston rings and cylinder liner to evaluate the oil temperature increase during warm-up. Moreover, it is possible to assess the thermal interactions between components and develop related heat management strategies for oil cooler and piston cooling jets, for example.

Dynamic analysis can also be performed by studying component and pressure dynamics. Especially for hydraulic components, line models and the hydraulic component design concept, the solution helps to assess pressure pulsations resulting from inertia effects in rotating parts (connecting rod supply) as well as the performance of fluid power systems using oil pressure from lubrication circuits (VVT, HLA, chain tensioner).

LMS Imagine.Lab Lubrication offers the required tools to ensure that sufficient oil is supplied in any engine configuration.

LMS Imagine.Lab Lubrication simulates the entire lubrication circuit with all the associated components: pump, valves, and bearings.

LMS Imagine.Lab Lubrication computes flow rates through each circuit, as a function of the pump rotary speed.

LMS Imagine.Lab Lubrication integrates a diversity of bearing models.

• Ensure sufficient supply of oil in any engine configuration - For the bearings and lubricated accessories (turbocharger) - For related actuators (VVA, VVT, HLA, chain tensioner)

• Size pump and pressure relief valve• Evaluate modifications on

existing architecture• Evaluate new architecture

at a pre-design stage• Check thermal behavior in different

operating conditions through a defined cycle (transient)

• Steady-state and/or transient analysis• Isothermal or thermal analysis• Prediction of oil flow rates

and pressure levels• Prediction of pressure oscillations linked

to rotary velocities of reciprocating parts (Fluids Systems solutions for high frequency analysis)


LMS Imagine.Lab Fluids Systems Using physics-based simulation, LMS Imagine.Lab Fluids Systems help engineers to design complete fluids hydraulic and pneumatic systems, from from the tank to the actuators up the fluid network. LMS Imagine.Lab Fluids Systems are supported by an extensive experience in fluids, which are capitalized in robust libraries. These assist both experienced and inexperienced users in modeling fluids systems from the functional to the detailed model level. The flawless communication between libraries and the accurate modeling of physical phenomena enables the design of any fluids system and the coupling with other related systems in a single platform, from the component to the global architecture.


¼ Internal Combustion Engine Related Hydraulics

¼ Mobile Hydraulics Actuation Systems

¼ Aerospace Engine Equipment ¼ Environmental Control Systems

ReferencesVolvo Powertrain - Diesel injection systemRobert Bosch - Simulation of electronic controlled diesel fuel injectorsDelphi - Development of a common rail diesel injection systemFiat - Development of the Fiat Uniair VVA systemHilite International - Simulation of a cam phaser and 4-way solenoid valve systemRexroth - Simulation of mobile hydraulics systemsHispano Suiza - Jet engine fuel flow metering unit simulationZodiac - Coupling between system and CFD model for aircraft oxygen mask designEmbraer - Aircraft bleed system


Benefits

Features

The solution assists in the development of new concepts on variable valvetrains such as the FIAT Uniair system.

The solution helps design the whole cam phaser system: fluid components and control strategies.

Linear analysis highlights the intrinsic dynamic properties of a gasoline low-pressure injection circuit.

Virtual test bench for analysis of the impact of injection strategies on combustion.

• Accurate description of fast fluid dynamics physics

• Study any kind of environment, from very low-pressure (cavitations) to very high pressure (>2000 bar)

• Easily couple subsystems components for global system analysis

• Accurately predict injection and valve lift flow rates for different operating conditions

• Hydraulic component design: Morphologic approach to model components based on geometrical data, focusing on physical effects, like energy exchange

• Advanced analysis tools: linear analysis, design exploration, activity index

• Connection of subsystems

LMS Imagine.Lab Internal Combustion Engine Related Hydraulics

LMS Imagine.Lab Internal Combustion Engine Related Hydraulics helps design and optimize fuel systems and components from tank to injector. It further assists in designing valve actuation systems in relation to the engine cylinder:

• Injection Systems - Gasoline, diesel and alternative fuels: DME, LPG, CNG - Low and high-pressure injection systems - Indirect/direct injection, common rail, unit injector, in-line pump - Solenoid, piezo, electro-hydraulic valve or mechanical actuation

• Valvetrain - Variable valve timing and cam phasing - Variable valve actuation with mechanical (MVT), electro-mechanical (EMVT) or electro-hydraulic (EHVT) systems - Engine compression brake - Camless systems

LMS Imagine.Lab Internal Combustion Engine Related Hydraulics is based on the LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim multi-domain system simulation approach and helps develop new concepts to confront challenges posed in systems such as high pressure multiple injections, gasoline direct injection, return-less low pressure gasoline systems, variable valvetrain and engine compression brake systems. The solution comes with a large and flexible set of models, addressing different complexity levels (leakage, compressibility, stiffness, inertias, friction...).

The accessibility, solver efficiency and accuracy of the models help both specialist and non-specialist engineers to design robust systems while keeping costs and delays under control.


Features Benefits

Interactions between the fluid actuation systems and complex multi-body systems can be easily managed thanks to the interface with specialized multi-body packages.

Since most mechanical systems are planar mechanisms, the Planar Mechanical Library is fully dedicated to the study of mobile hydraulics actuation systems.

The Hydraulic Component Library concept helps predefine and design complex components such as load-sensing pumps on virtual prototypes before any test.

The mobile hydraulic actuation systems solution enables the design of fluid power actuation systems for crane, crawler, earthmoving & mining equipment.

LMS Imagine.Lab Mobile Hydraulics Actuation Systems

LMS Imagine.Lab Mobile Hydraulic Actuation Systems solution helps to design fluid power actuation systems for crane, crawler, earthmoving & mining equipments, machine tools and more. It delivers the required insights to improve product quality, robustness and reliability, reduce power generation (variable displacement pumps, load-sensing), and to develop new functions (self-leveling, control strategies). LMS Imagine.Lab Mobile Hydraulic Actuation Systems provides engineers with a set of cutting-edge features and advanced simulation tools for:

• Developing products with components actuated by hydraulic and pneumatic fluid power systems

• Improving product quality with robustness and reliability• Reducing power generation (variable displacement pumps, load-sensing)• Developing & optimizing new functions (self-leveling, control strategies) regardless

of loads & machines kinematics

The dynamic behavior of such systems is hard to predict since every subsystem needs to be taken into account. For prototyping early in the development cycle, it is efficient to use a single simulation environment in which users can couple different modules. This results in enhanced compatibility, reduced implementation time, user-friendliness of the interface and no programming effort.AMESim helps the visualization of mobile hydraulics systems with AMEAnimation, a 3D visualization tool which seamlessly imports your CAD data, automatically generates a CAD view from your AMESim model and animates simulation results.

• Predefine valve design on virtual prototypes before any test

• Integrate control strategies from the beginning of the design process

• Define actuator impact on mechanical structures

• Analyze full vehicle system on a single platform

• A unique concept for Hydraulic component design (HCD) modeling

• Integrated 2D mechanism modeling facilities

• Interfaces with all major multi-body software and provides 3D animation capabilities

• Import/export capabilities to Matlab/Simulink for control integration from SiL to HiL

• Total vehicle modeling capability by linking dedicated application libraries (Engine, Drive, Cooling)


Features Benefits

• Advanced thermal-hydraulics components• Heat exchangers with different

modeling levels• Pressure/flow/temperature distribution

for various operating points• Direct coupling of pressure and

temperature for global system analysis • Advanced analysis tools (linear

analysis, design exploration)• Large fluids database of standard

and customizable components

• Accurately predict dynamic behavior of fuel systems under transient pressure and/or temperature conditions

• Access multi-scale levels from components to complete system with control strategies

• Gain significant development time through fast CPU, even for large systems

The Hydraulic Component Library helps model a huge variety of aerospace engine fluid equipment such as fuel metering units, pumps, actuators, nozzle and starters.

Advanced thermal-hydraulics components accurately predict dynamic behavior of systems under transient pressure and temperature conditions.

The solution makes it possible to analyze complete aerospace fuel systems including all thermal aspects.

The Aerospace Engine Equipment solution helps the design of fuel systems and their controls, as well as engine control actuators.

LMS Imagine.Lab Aerospace Engine Equipment

LMS Imagine.Lab Aerospace Engine Equipment supports the design and industrialization of fuel systems (metering units, pumps, nozzle, starters, heat exchangers) and their controls, as well as engine control actuators. It helps engineers in designing market-specific gravity and pressure-feed fluid systems in aircraft engines and in building reliable thermal-hydraulic systems.

LMS Imagine.Lab Aerospace Engine Equipment is based on the LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim multi-domain system simulation approach and comes with dedicated thermal and hydraulics libraries including configurable components (metering valves, regulating valves) which are, once connected together, representative for the equipment hydraulic behavior. It provides equipment designers with the ability to specify and control the external design of aerospace engine-related components and systems.

The detailed models are based on experimental results of well-known geometries and are suitable to any new geometry or functional requirement. Straightforward coupling between libraries and components make it possible to easily run behavior analysis and testing on simple components as well as on wholly integrated fuel systems at any project level.

The aerospace fluids database of standard and customizable components is based on experimental results and ensures the necessary accuracy and validity of models required in aerospace engine design. LMS Imagine.Lab Aerospace Engine Equipment finally helps improve design quality, while reducing design time as well as the number of experimental tests and associated risks.


Features Benefits

LMS Imagine.Lab Environmental Control Systems helps engineers design the optimal environmental control system that makes air breathable and comfortable.

An aircraft air conditioning system: part of the environment control system of an aircraft.

LMS Imagine.Lab Environmental Control Systems provides technical components such as turbines, compressors, gate, butterfly and globe valves.

Simulation results shows the Control Valve, which make it possible to manage the overboard air temperature by mixing air from the cooling system outlet and bleed air from the engine.

• Accurately predict humidity and outlet temperature for optimized cabin air flow

• Significantly optimize overall energy consumption

• Seamlessly study transient flight conditions

• Suitable for various vehicle architecture and technologies

• Gas mixture library with up to 20 species• Moist air library• Pressure drops data base• Turbines/compressors, gate/

butterfly/globe valves• Heat exchangers with different

modeling levels• State variables for dynamic species

ratios and diffusion process • Human body/ECS system interactions• Accurate modeling of

condensation/evaporation

LMS Imagine.Lab Environmental Control Systems

LMS Imagine.Lab Environmental Control Systems helps engineers design the optimal environmental control system that makes air breathable and comfortable - in terms of pressure, temperature, flow and humidity. Application areas include comfort optimization of passengers and crew in vehicles such as aircrafts, ships, submarines, trains and battle tanks. LMS Imagine.Lab Environmental Control Systems is based on the LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim multi-domain system simulation approach and handles multi-disciplinary systems for advanced design: gas dynamic, thermal pneumatics, vapor cycle (two-phase flow), air conditioning, controls and life and environmental sciences.

LMS Imagine.Lab Environmental Control Systems helps design various systems involved in environmental control systems: bleed system control, global energy management, air-conditioning, ventilation circuit, CO2 bottle discharge, O2 circuit, and cabin. The solution easily handles high system complexity, and takes into account multiple parameters (temperature, humidity, pressure and change of pressure rate) in dynamics conditions (temperature and pressure variations). It helps aircraft engineers to design systems with higher efficiency, lower weight and lower volume, and significantly optimizes energy consumption.


LMS Imagine.Lab Ground Loads and Flight Controls LMS Imagine.Lab Ground Loads and Flight Controls helps designers from the aerospace industry to size and optimize various systems and components. LMS Imagine.Lab Ground Loads and Flight Controls provides answers to typical concerns such as system sizing, development of control strategies, increasing component performance, reduction of energy consumption, increasing efficiency, understanding of wear and stress due to hydraulic/mechanical couplings, test of different load case situations and working processes. For early prototyping purposes, the solution couples the various modules together in one integrated simulation environment. This enhances compatibility, reduces implementation time, reduces learning curves, eliminates programming efforts, and delivers adapted numerical convergence.


¼ Ground Loads ¼ Flight Controls

ReferencesMessier Bugatti - A380 steering systemAirbus - A350 landing gearDassault Aviation - Braking system simulation - sizing of an aircraft hydraulic networkIN-LHC - Simulation for the design of a pressure valve for an aircraft braking system


Features Benefits

• Multi-domain off-the-shelves libraries dealing with all physics issues involved in ground forces: hydraulics, electrics, thermal and controls

• Efficient coupling with 3D multi-body models/software (LMS Virtual.Lab Motion, MSC.ADAMS)

• Comprehensive set of interfaces with Mathworks products

• Integrates seamlessly into a variety of existing development processes and tools

• Size components and systems at early stage to reduce costs and integration issues

• Develop and test the control strategies using a high fidelity plant model

System dynamics analysis with global vision to avoid vibration of the landing gear during braking and tire burst due to skidding.

Rejected take-off simulation including the modeling of the hydraulic actuator, the brake contact and heat loss calculation.

LMS Imagine.Lab Ground Loads analyses the coupling between the multi-domain system and the control system by co-simulation, and exports the plant model to the HIL platform for ECU validations.

The Fluids Component Design libraries concept helps the modeling of any kind of oleo-strut in landing gears.

LMS Imagine.Lab Ground Loads

LMS Imagine.Lab Ground Loads delivers tools to handle landing gear, braking and steering systems. The solution supports the multi-disciplinary nature of the task (hydraulics, electrics, thermal) and takes into account system structure/actuator coupling. It addresses the challenges posed by physical tests and maintenance costs reduction, sophisticated technologies and materials, and safety and certification requirements.

For the landing gear system and suspension, LMS Imagine.Lab Ground Loads provides a complete environment with multi-level modeling and simulation, multi-domain capability and integration with LMS Virtual.Lab Motion or MSC.ADAMS 3D geometry, multi-body dynamics, structural dynamics and optimization. This makes it possible to analyze earlier in the design process to diminish risks and uncover problems. With LMS Imagine.Lab Ground Loads, users can develop validated real-time prototypes from high-fidelity simulation models using the same platform and run less physical drop tests.

For anti-skid systems, LMS Imagine.Lab Ground Loads helps design and validate the complete braking function with a combination of electrical, mechanical, hydraulic and control equipment for the modeling of each single component, like pumps and electro-hydraulic valves. Engineers have access to a complete platform to study multiple technologies: steel, carbon or ceramic brake technology as well as hydraulic or electric actuation. It accelerates and enhances the design and validation of these systems to ensure a good compromise between performance and risk.

LMS Imagine.Lab Ground Loads also handles the design and validation of the complete steering function with a combination of electrical, mechanical, hydraulic and control equipment: design of single components like servo-controls and actuators, validation of component integration along with design and validation of control strategies.

The solution significantly facilitates the exchange between aircraft manufacturers and suppliers. It becomes possible to develop validated real-time virtual prototypes from high-fidelity simulation models using the same platform. Moreover, the solution can be seamlessly coupled with subsystems and is thus able to analyze the behavior and system dynamics of the global structure and its various parts as well as test technological choices.


Benefits

Features

• Model the whole flight control system as well as its actuators

• Seamlessly handle multi-domain aspects (mechanical, hydraulics, electrical)

• Facilitate the development of new concepts

• Significantly reduce system development time (from months to weeks)

• Multi-domain, off-the-shelve libraries dealing with all physics issues involved in flight controls: thermo-hydraulics, electrics and controls

• Seamless coupling with other physical libraries (mechanical and electro-mechanical)

• Efficient coupling with 3D multi-body software (LMS Virtual.Lab Motion, MSC.ADAMS)

•

LMS Imagine.Lab Flight Controls

LMS Imagine.Lab Flight Controls supports the design and optimization of flight control systems by using an unparalleled multi-domain system simulation approach. It easily handles the combinations of hydraulics, 2D mechanics and electrics in a unique modeling environment.

As flight control actuation systems become more complex, the AMESim multi-domain approach is essential to understand the interactions between diverse systems, including electrical (elevators, ailerons, roll spoilers, tail plane trim, slats and flaps, speed brakes/lift dumpers, trims), mechanical (rudder, tail plane trim) and hydraulic control systems. Moreover, the solution makes it possible to handle the development of various flight control actuation systems (mechanical, direct drive, electro-mechanical, electro-hydrostatic) by integrating it into different CAE attribute analyses like flexible multi-body and stress analysis as well as fatigue damage prediction.

The unique Component Design libraries concept (Hydraulic, Thermal Hydraulic and Pneumatic), coupled with mechanical and electro-mechanical libraries, can execute a detailed modeling in order to design high dynamic components such as nozzle flapper flow control servo valves, pressures valves and any kind of piloted fluid component.

With LMS Imagine.Lab Flight Controls, users can include different components (electrical, mechanical, and hydraulic) and perform evaluations of different functional performance attributes (multi-body, stress, durability) in a common environment. LMS Imagine.Lab Flight Controls supports the system validation process and explores the flexible bodies and mechanisms of the complete system.

LMS Imagine.Lab Flight Controls seamlessly handles multi-domain aspects (mechanical, hydraulics, electrical).

An electro-hydraulic actuator for aircraft primary flight controls, coupling different physical domains.

The flexibility of the AMESim environment helps to model electrical flight controls, detailing the mechanical effects on worm and ball screws such as friction and backlash.

Detailed model of nozzle flapper flow control servo valves to predict the component performance in function of design choices.


LMS Imagine.Lab Electromechanical LMS Imagine.Lab Electromechanical helps engineers define straightforward strategies throughout the design process of electrical or electromechanical systems. Mechatronic system engineering has become a key development concern due to the increased use of electrical and electronic systems in automotive, aerospace and other mechanical applications.LMS Imagine.Lab Electromechanical simulates electromechanical components like linear actuators and electric motors, from the specification to the design and validation of control strategies. Furthermore, it supports different analysis levels of electrical systems, such as power consumption estimation, accurate transient response evaluation or thermal effects.LMS Imagine.Lab Electromechanical simulates the functional behavior of complex electromechanical actuators. Designers of electromechanical and electro-fluid components get access to an integrated platform to simulate the overall system response. Moreover, the solution can take into account a combination of electrical, magnetic, mechanical, thermal and fluid phenomena.


¼ Electromechanical Components

¼ Electrical Systems

ReferencesBorgWarner - Full transmission system with electromechanical valve designIN-LHC - Design of the pressure valve for aircraft braking systemBosch - Simulation of electronic-controlled diesel fuel injectorsHilite International - Simulation of a Cam-phaser and 4-way solenoid valve system


Benefits

Features

This simulation shows the temperature increase on the electrical component and its impact on the electrical performance.

LMS Imagine.Lab Electromechanical Components can study the impact of temperature on component performance.

LMS Imagine.Lab Electromechanical Components helps simulate solenoid valves with a magnetic lump parameter approach.

Results showing the coupling between electrical, magnetic and mechanical phenomena.

• Simulate and analyze response time of magnetic actuator

• Real transient analysis of electromechanical and electro-fluid components

• Impact of component temperature on transient behavior

• Short computation times leading to faster analysis and refined optimization

• Magnetic lump parameter approach or import of look-up tables coming from any type of magnetic finite elements analysis

• Strong coupling between electric/magnetic/thermal/mechanical models

• Modeling of energy losses: hysteretic and eddy currents

• Links with multi-body software • Modeling of piezzo-electric stack

LMS Imagine.Lab Electromechanical Components

LMS Imagine.Lab Electromechanical Components helps simulate mechatronic systems for the specification of components, the interaction with their mechanical structure and the design and validation of control strategies. Designers of electromechanical and electro-fluid components get access to an integrated platform to simulate the overall system response and take into account a combination of electrical, magnetic, mechanical, thermal and fluid phenomena which are accurately described within the AMESim components.

The AMESim multi-disciplinary platform comes with a set of specific libraries of thermo-electric and magnetic models that help to model electromechanical actuators such as solenoid valves and torque motors. LMS Imagine.Lab Electromechanical Components integrates two complementary approaches: description of the magnetic circuit using simple elements such as reluctances and airgaps (lump parameter) and the use of FEM tables. Strong coupling capabilities between electric/magnetic/mechanic models enable component specification and sizing as well as optimization of dynamic behaviors.

Engineers are able to design multi-disciplinary systems and subsystems and evaluate their behavior in function of technological choices. The platform’s short computation times lead to faster analysis and refined optimization.


Benefits

Features

LMS Imagine.Lab Electrical Systems

LMS Imagine.Lab Electrical Systems focuses on the electrical power network and its components as well as on the global electrical power distribution for the automotive and aerospace industries and the power generation and distribution markets. It is able to simulate the interaction of the electrical network with a large diversity of electricity consumers, from electrical components to complex subsystems with mechanical, fluid and thermal aspects.

New components for cars and aircrafts are developed to meet the demand for new safety and comfort features while at the same time improving fuel-economy. Many of these components use electrical energy.

Based on the AMESim multi-domain system simulation approach, LMS Imagine.Lab Electrical Systems brings a comprehensive set of electrical behavioral models for the evaluation of new architectures (sizing of power generation, storage elements and loads), for the analysis of power consumption and the impact on fuel consumption, as well as for the design and validation of control laws.

Thanks to its advanced features, LMS Imagine.Lab Electrical Systems significantly helps customers to optimize dynamic performances, check controls, minimize energy consumption and study the impact on the electrical environment (voltage drops, current peaks).

• Electrical components with thermal ports • Multi-domain platform • Real-time code export for

controller validation • Electrical motor library• Modeling of power electronic converter

• Power consumption and transient analysis • Estimate impact of temperature

on system performance• Common tool for system specification,

development and validation of controllers

Example of an alternator piloted by a PWM signal.

LMS Imagine.Lab Electrical Systems helps simulate automotive electrical networks including two voltage levels.

LMS Imagine.Lab Electrical Systems focuses on the electrical power network.

Results show the charge stage of each battery and the torque required by the alternator.


LMS Imagine.Lab Energy LMS Imagine.Lab Energy provides users with advanced libraries and toolsets to handle energy systems with specific thermodynamic issues, like aerospace propulsion and pyrotechnic systems, automotive and stationary fuel cells. LMS Imagine.Lab Energy comes with a set of specific tools and libraries dedicated to thermodynamic, for gas mixtures, fluid properties, thermo-chemistry, and compressible flows. Fully compatible with standard solutions, LMS Imagine.Lab Energy fits perfectly with today’s customers needs. The dedicated energy expert team can assist customers with a varied set of services, including development of specific libraries.-


Features Benefits

• Mass and heat transfer for gas mixtures and thermal hydraulic

• Component design libraries• Stack dynamic modeling

(electrochemistry, heat and mass transfer)• Subsystem interactions (storage,

feeding, stack, after-treatment, cooling system, power conversion unit)

• Tools for system analysis, parameter estimation and optimization

• Rapidly test and study new configurations and architecture on system efficiency and performance

• Capitalize know-how and support collaborative engineering

• Lower cost and higher efficiency product design

• Reduce time-to-market and development costs

• Optimize experimental programs

The AMESim tool helps develop high-precision models that are well suited to customer requirements.

Results of the functional auxiliaries models showing the hydrogen consumption on a driving cycle, and several internal values of the system such as the water production in the stack.

System model obtained by the assembly of a fuel cell and auxiliaries functional models. This model can be used in order to optimize system design (component sizing, computation of overall energy efficiency, evaluation of new architectures).

Physical stack model for simulating the transient fuel cell phenomenon (electrical, thermal and fluid).

LMS Imagine.Lab Fuel Cells

LMS Imagine.Lab Fuel Cells helps design and optimize fuel cell stacks and systems by offering a modeling environment. With LMS Imagine.Lab Fuel Cells, users can size components, optimize architecture and geometries, and develop and test control strategies. Furthermore, it helps to test different gas mixtures and material solutions, predict produced voltage and transient evolution of temperatures, pressures, mass flow rates and gas mass fraction everywhere in the system.

LMS Imagine.Lab Fuel Cells uses physical modeling, based on an energy exchange approach between basic elements which can be assembled to represent any configuration of a complete fuel cell system. It helps create a predictive model of a complete system, and represent both static and dynamic behavior. LMS Imagine.Lab Fuel Cells comes with multi-disciplinary libraries to cover each subsystem, all elements to build the complete digital mock-up of a FC system together with adapted tools to analyze and optimize it. It is able to simulate global systems as well as the stack (coupling between stack, cooling system, feeding system, control system, electrical system, etc.). For example, engineers can easily simulate either a polarization curve or an impedance spectrum, which makes it possible to run sensitivity analyses or parameter optimization to enhance the performance and the efficiency of the complete system or of a specific component.

LMS Imagine.Lab Fuel Cells comes with a set of analysis tools that are able to perform sensitivity analysis and obtain a better understanding of the physical behavior of the system. LMS Imagine also provides consulting services to customize existing solutions to specific needs and support our customers to get the best of our platform. From the model, it is easy to:

• Compute a polarization curve or an impedance spectrum of a stack in different operational conditions

• Test new architecture• Test new management strategies that work on the control laws of the different

subsystems• Represent break-down configuration to optimize the design

LMS Imagine.Lab Fuel Cells is of particular interest to PEMFC or SOFC system integrators, fuel cell component manufacturers and electrochemistry research laboratories.


LMS Imagine Customer ServicesMaximize your productivity with the latest technology and know-howLMS helps their customers around the globe meet and exceed expectations in terms of design and development, testing, technology, innovation, production and, of course, end-user satisfaction. To guarantee that each and every customer gets the maximum return possible from their investment, LMS Imagine provides high-quality support services for all its solutions and platform. This way customers can optimize their engineering processes for maximal productivity while keeping up to speed on the latest technology, know-how, systems, and application developments. To guarantee reliable products and services, LMS Imagine follows strict quality and confidentiality policies.

Product and application support

With a truly personalized customer service approach that covers training, technical support and professional services, LMS Imagine helps customers select the most appropriate configuration for their particular application. LMS Imagine delivers, installs and adapts the system exactly to the customer’s working environment and process requirements. Our experts not only understand every aspect of the software, but also the engineering applications and related industry challenges.

Customers are continuously kept in the loop with telephone and e-mail customer support and regular software releases and updates. LMS Imagine’s complete portfolio of professional servicesincludes project management, on-site training and support, the Quick Start program, continuous knowledge transfer, automation, implementation and deployment services.

“LMS Imagine delivers, installs and adapts the system exactly to the customer’s working environment and process requirements. Our experts not only understand every aspect of the software, but also the engineering applications and related industry challenges.”

64 LMS Imagine.Lab Customer Services LMS International | [email protected] | www.lmsintl.com

LMS Imagine Training

LMS Imagine organizes extensive training so that technical staff can start using the new LMS Imagine technology and software as soon as possible. Training courses can be organized in one of the LMS Imagine facilities in Europe, Asia or the United States or at the customer’s preferred location. Our experts dive right in and teach users how LMS Imagine products and concepts can tackle their toughest engineering challenges in both general and very specific application areas. Experienced users will want to participate in the training session as well to refresh their skills and explore the latest software and application developments.

• Extensive yearly course schedule • Balanced mix between lectures and hands-on sessions• LMS training centers or external facilities in Europe, North America and Asia• Tailored courses at the customer’s preferred site• Local language possibilities (unless otherwise requested)

LMS Imagine Technical Support

The LMS Imagine Technical Support team makes sure that users get the most out of their LMS Imagine software. Users can contact LMS Imagine Technical Support via the telephone or e-mail with a wide range of questions from basic set-up to more complex process optimization. This streamlined service keeps the day-to-day operation running smoothly and the engineering team happy with minimized downtime and maximized productivity. Subscribers to the LMS Imagine Software Support Policy automatically receive new LMS Imagine software updates. This ensures compatibility with the latest hardware and operating systems.

• Telephone and e-mail assistance• Extended software warranty including troubleshooting• New functionality or customer feature requests• Access to the LMS Imagine Support website with FAQs, tutorials and other documentation• New software updates and documentation• Configuration management

LMS Imagine Professional Services

Using LMS Imagine Professional Services, you will get the LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim platform up and running on-site in the shortest time possible. Setting up the first project, these expert consultants jump right into the particular technology domains and teach technical and engineering staff how to best apply LMS Imagine software tools to their engineering challenges.

With numerous convenient and time-saving automation features, LMS Imagine software can be customized to capture customer-specific procedures, automate particular tasks or entire workflows, and integrate related applications and tools. LMS Imagine consultants can help engineering teams tailor the solution to meet all the project goals from the initial requirements analysis to operational system delivery.

• Quick Start for customers who want to be production ready within the shortest time possible• Business requirement analysis for best-possible AMESim platform implementation scenario • Executive management seminar to explore the role of the simulation system inside the company• On-site training and support & implementation and deployment services • Automation projects to capture specific process workflows into tools and systems• Multi-system integration projects• Auditing and product development process re-engineering• Technical account management

65LMS Imagine.Lab Customer ServicesLMS International | [email protected] | www.lmsintl.com

LMS Imagine Consulting Services

technology and human competence to overall goals, and deploying new technology and pilot programs. Sharing ideas and years of experience, the ultimate goal is that the LMS Imagine consultants create a self-sufficient team of in-house specialists. Tailored solutions on LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim

Within any organization, creating a working software and information technology system from third-party software and maintaining its related internal expertise is no easy feat. Link this to issues like compatibility, quality assurance, documentation, maintenance, support and traceability and this vital resource becomes a highly expensive exercise. LMS Imagine can solve this by restructuring various internal software programs and codes and streamlining the overall process into a proprietary application running on the LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim platform.

Full scope of services

LMS Imagine Consulting Services can handle everything from complete project management and responsibility to troubleshooting, technology transfer, contractual research projects, and engineering tools and methodology auditing. LMS Imagine expertise ranges from concept and initial design optimization, detailed modeling and predictive studies to prototype refinement.

Technology transfer and process re-engineering partner

LMS Imagine has helped numerous companies develop breakthrough strategies for functional performance engineering. Expert LMS Imagine consultants start with auditing processes against industry benchmarks, aligning the work processes,

LMS Imagine engineers are true partners who work with customers to solve their most critical design and development challenges. This knowledge transfer can make the difference between a successful product launch and costly recalls and repairs or even product failures. They are experienced in mission-critical vehicle and aircraft performance attributes, like consumption, emissions, power management, comfort, ride and handling, thermal comfort, safety and reliability. The LMS Imagine Consulting team’s unique blend of skills, engineering experience and process know-how turns attribute-based engineering into a true competitive advantage. To guarantee reliable products and services, respect the planning and protect the customer data, LMS Imagine follows strict quality and confidentiality policies.

LMS International | [email protected] | www.lmsintl.com66 LMS Imagine.Lab Consulting Services

LMS Imagine Consulting Services

• Troubleshooting projects: right to the engineering solution in record time

• Process customization and technology transfer projects for best-possible simulation scenario

• Co-development projects: full project management from concept to final validation

Key performance attributes

• Consumption and emissions• Power management• Driving comfort & ride and handling• Thermal comfort • Safety and reliability

Innovative from the startSince its start LMS Imagine has always emphasized the concept of partnership, developing expertise through consulting projects. Now renowned for its scientific and technical know-how, LMS Imagine leads the market in discovering new and innovative technology by means of understanding the true physical phenomena at stake. Combining engineering science expertise with real-world industrial knowledge, LMS Imagine facilitates the industrialization of advanced technology while optimizing each individual customer’s knowledge base.

Automotive, aerospace and off-highway applications

• Control of internal combustion engine • Powertrain-driveline• Vehicle dynamics• Suspension-braking-steering• Vehicle thermal management• Electromechanical systems• Engine-related equipment• Ground loads• Flight controls• Fuel systems• Hydraulic systems• Environment control systems• Mobile hydraulic actuation systems

67LMS Imagine.Lab Consulting ServicesLMS International | [email protected] | www.lmsintl.com

LMS InTERnATIonALResearchpark Z1, Interleuvenlaan 68 B-3001 Leuven [Belgium]T +32 16 384 200 | F +32 16 384 [email protected] | www.lmsintl.com

Worldwide For the address of your local representative, please visit www.lmsintl.com/lmsworldwide

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LMS is a leading provider of test and mechatronic simulation software and engineering services in the automotive, aerospace and other advanced manufacturing industries. As a business segment within Siemens PLM Software, LMS provides a unique portfolio of products and services for manufacturing companies to manage the complexities of tomorrow’s product development by incorporating model-based mechatronic simulation and advanced testing in the product development process. LMS tunes into mission-critical engineering attributes, ranging from system dynamics, structural integrity and sound quality to durability, safety and power consumption. With multi-domain and mechatronic simulation solutions, LMS addresses the complex engineering challenges associated with intelligent system design and model-based systems engineering. Thanks to its technology and more than 1250 dedicated people, LMS has become the partner of choice of more than 5000 manufacturing companies worldwide. LMS operates in more than 30 key locations around the world.

Leading partner in Test & Mechatronic Simulation

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