lle

1
1. Fixed bed leaching Fixed bed leaching is used in beet sugar industries and s also used for the extraction of tanning extracts from tanbark, for the extraction of pharmaceuticals from barks and seeds and in other processes. The cover is removable so that sugar beet slices are called cossettes can be dumped into the bed. Heated water at 344K to 350K flows into the bed to leach out the sugar. The leached sugar solution flows out the bottom onto the next tank in series. About 95% of the sugar in beets is leached to yield an outlet solution from the system about 12 wt%. 2. Moving bed leaching There are a number of devices for stage wise counter current leaching where the bed or stage moves instead of being stationary. These are widely used in extracting oil from vegetables such as cottonseeds, peanuts, and soybeans. The seeds are usually dehulled first, sometimes precooked, often partially dried and rolled or flaked. The solvents used are particularly hydrocarbons such as hexane and the final solvent – vegetable solution called miscella may contain some finely divided solids. 3. Agitated solid leaching When solid can be ground fine about 200 mesh (0.074 mm), it can be kept in suspension by small amounts of agitation. Continuous countercurrent leaching can be accomplished by placing the number of agitators in series, with settling tanks or thickeners between each agitator. Sometimes thickeners are used as combination contactor – agitators and settlers.

Upload: addison-juttie

Post on 18-Dec-2015

7 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

DESCRIPTION

l

TRANSCRIPT

1. Fixed bed leaching Fixed bed leaching is used in beet sugar industries and s also used for the extraction of tanning extracts from tanbark, for the extraction of pharmaceuticals from barks and seeds and in other processes. The cover is removable so that sugar beet slices are called cossettes can be dumped into the bed. Heated water at 344K to 350K flows into the bed to leach out the sugar. The leached sugar solution flows out the bottom onto the next tank in series. About 95% of the sugar in beets is leached to yield an outlet solution from the system about 12 wt%.

2. Moving bed leaching There are a number of devices for stage wise counter current leaching where the bed or stage moves instead of being stationary. These are widely used in extracting oil from vegetables such as cottonseeds, peanuts, and soybeans. The seeds are usually dehulled first, sometimes precooked, often partially dried and rolled or flaked. The solvents used are particularly hydrocarbons such as hexane and the final solvent vegetable solution called miscella may contain some finely divided solids.

3. Agitated solid leaching When solid can be ground fine about 200 mesh (0.074 mm), it can be kept in suspension by small amounts of agitation. Continuous countercurrent leaching can be accomplished by placing the number of agitators in series, with settling tanks or thickeners between each agitator. Sometimes thickeners are used as combination contactor agitators and settlers.