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Linear Impulse Momentum Applications Chapter 9 KINE 3301 Biomechanics of Human Movement

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The force shown below is applied to a 3 kg bowling ball with an initial horizontal velocity of 2 m/s. Compute the final velocity of the ball.

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What was the impulse?

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Integration of the force with respect to time (area under the force time curve) can be used to obtain the velocity time curve.

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The two force curves shown below are applied to a 0.5 kg ball with an initial horizontal velocity of 0 m/s. Compute the final velocity of the ball after each force is applied. Draw an estimated velocity-time curve that each force-time curve would produce.

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Reaction Force Accelerates the CM The force applied accelerates the ground in the direction of the force. The reaction force accelerates the performers center of mass in the direction of the reaction force.

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Relationship between Force & Acceleration The shape of an acceleration curve is the exactly the same as the force curve, only the units are different.

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Vertical Impulse-Momentum Horizontal Impulse-Momentum Impulse-Momentum

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Use the average force to compute braking impulse, propulsion impulse and Vx at midstance (t =.112 s) and toe-off (t =.234 s).

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Braking and Propulsion Braking < Propulsion Vx = +.46 m/s Braking Propulsion Vx = +.01 m/s Braking > Propulsion Vx = .24 m/s

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Free Body Diagram for Vertical Impulse - Momentum

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Use the average force F Ave = 1007.075 N to compute the vertical impulse and Vy at toe-off (t =.234 s).

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Use the average force to compute braking impulse, propulsion impulse and Vx at t = 0.04, t = 0.4, and t = 0.7 s. Walking Forces

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Use the average force F Ave = 621.88 N to compute the vertical impulse and Vy at toe-off (t = 0.76 s).

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Vertical Force & Acceleration for a Vertical Jump

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Use the average force at each time point to compute the vertical velocity. t = 0.2 s, F Ave = 440 N t = 0.4 s, F Ave = 632 N t = 0.6 s, F Ave = 904 N

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Use the average force at each time point to compute the vertical velocity. t = 0.2 s, F Ave = 440 N

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Use the average force at each time point to compute the vertical velocity. t = 0.4 s, F Ave = 632 N

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Use the average force at each time point to compute the vertical velocity. t = 0.6 s, F Ave = 904 N

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At t = 0.4 sec the jumper has a vertical velocity (Vy i ) of 0.26 m/s. Use the average force from t =.4 to t =.6 to compute the impulse and the final vertical velocity at t = 0.6 sec. t = 0.2 s, F Ave = 1449 N