life science part 2 of 9.3. gymnosperm oldest trees alive gymnosperm: vascular plants that produce...
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Life Science
Part 2 of 9.3
Gymnosperm
Oldest trees alive
Gymnosperm: Vascular plants that produce seeds that are not protected by fruit
Do not have flowers
Gymnosperm
Leaves:Needle-like
Most are called evergreensSome green leaves
are always on branches
Gymnosperm
4 Divisions ConifersCycadsGinkgoesGnetophytes
Gymnosperm Conifers
Pines, spruces, firs, redwoods, and junipersHave 2 types of cones – male and femaleBoth types are usually on the same plant
Seeds on female cone not the male
Angiosperms
Angiosperm: Vascular plant that flowers and produces fruits with one or more seeds
Fruit develops from a part or parts of one or more flowers
Flowers
Flowers vary in shape, size, and color
Some flower parts develop into fruit Most fruits contain a seed like an apple or a
strawberry
Two groups of Angiosperms monocots and dicots
Monocots
Cotyledon: Part of a seed used for storage
Monocots have 1 cotyledon
Corn, rice, wheat and barley
Bananas, pineapples, and dates
Dicots
Dicot flowers: 2 cotyledons
Peanuts, green beans, peas, apples, and oranges.
Maple, oak, and elm
Monocot vs. Dicot
MonocotFlower parts in
multiplies of 3Narrow leavesVascular bundles
show up as parallel veins
Vascular tissue are bundles throughout the stem
Dicot Flower parts in
multiplies of 4 Vascular bundles are in
a network of veins in the leaves
Vascular tissue occurs in rings in the stem
The rings are the annual rings in woody stems
Life Cycles of Angiosperms
Annual: Life cycle is completed within one year
Must be grown from seed each year
Life Cycles of Angiosperms
Biennials: Complete their life cycles within two yearsStore large amount of food in an undergrowth
root or stem for the second year
Life Cycle of Angiosperms
Perennials: Take more than two years to grow to maturityHerbaceous perennial: Die each winter but
grow and produce flowers each springWoody perennial: Produce flowers and fruits
on stems that survive for many years
Importance of Seed Plants
School Paper, desks, chairs, books
Clothing
Food Bread, fruit, potato chips all come from seed plants Hamburgers, milk, and hot dogs come from
animals that eat seed plants
Products of Seed Plants
Most wood comes from conifers Resin from conifers is used to make
chemicals found in soap, paint, varnish, and some medicines
Angiosperms are important to our dietsAlso the source of many fibers in clothing