lessons learned from scaling cookstove programmes fileseite 3 adaption of technology according to...
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Lessons Learned from Scaling Cookstove Programmes
Micro Perspectives from Decentralized Energy Supply
The Complexity of Cleaner Cookstoves: Challenges Ranging from Improving Livelihoods to
Managing Carbon Credits
Berlin, March 1st, 2013
Monika Rammelt
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH
Programme for Poverty-Oiented Basic Energy Services (HERA)
Seite 2 Unternehmenspräsentation 2012 26.03.2013
Supporting local value chains (production, marketing, sales, quality control, changing user
behaviour) of low-cost woodfuel and charcoal stoves with considerable efficiency
improvements (savings of up to 60 % of biomass fuel)
First projects started 1980
GIZ has 30 years of experience in cooking energy interventions
Currently, interventions in more than 20 countries
(focus Africa)
Energising Development (EnDev) as largest
project (Partnership financed by Dutch, Norwegian,
Australian, British, Swiss, German Governments) –
provision of sustainable access to improved cooking
energy to 7.39 million people; commercial
distribution of > 740,000 stoves in 2012 alone
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Adaption of technology according to local cooking habits and user needs
MIRT Stove
Ethiopia
Rocket Stove
Malawi
Inkawasi Stove
Peru
Roumdé Stove
Burkina Faso
Mud Rocket Stove
Uganda
Sakkanal Stove
Senegal
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50 USD 80 USD
50-100 USD
Accounting for users‘ needs, ability and willingness to pay – Malawi
20 USD 1 USD
8 USD
200 – 300 USD
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Fostering dynamic, sustainable markets for improved artisanal products
Overall
Policy advise – improvement of regulatory framework conditions and enabling
environment for market growth
Monitoring – improving the evidence base of baseline conditions, outcomes and
impacts for continuous adaptation of project approaches
Supply side
Technology R & D
Capacity building of producers (technical
and business skills)
Optimization of production process
Quality control and assurance
Fostering financing for local businesses
Demand side
Awareness creation, sensitization
and changing user perception on:
• Benefits (health, economic,
social), quality and availability of
new technology
• Ensuring after sales services
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Lesson No. 1 a) Biomass remains the main energy source especially for rural and low income HHs*
b) Woodfuel and charcoal stoves remain necessary and can be a viable solution
Users aspire cookstoves with the following features
• Convenience and adaptation according to prevalent cooking habits
• Efficiency (saving time and resources)
• Attraction of design
• Affordability
• Access to after-sales-service (repair and replacements) *This does not mean that biogas, vegetable oil, ethanol, solar thermal, LPG, kerosene or electric cookers are not an option, but often they are out of reach for
the rural poor
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Lesson No. 2 Sustainable introduction of cookstoves is only possible through the creation of a
dynamic market
• Moving away from subsidized distribution and self-help non-commercial production
approaches to the development of commercial value chains and market creation
• Focus on setting up viable businesses in the target countries, support for in-country
production
• Focus on long-term solutions that reach scale to guarantee self-perpetuation of market
instead of short-term ad hoc mass distribution of highly subsidized products
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Lesson No. 3 The enhancement of local markets has many socio-economic benefits
• Establishment of local facilities for repair and quality control of stoves
• Enhancement of local know how and capacities (both technical and entrepreneurial)
• Increase of in-country employment rate through job creation
• Lowering import and foreign currency dependency
• Possibility of stove adaptation to local cooking habits
Stove Production in Ethiopia
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Lesson No. 4 Monitoring, quality control and after-sales support are crucial for ensuring sustainability
• Development of quality standards
• Setting up independent control mechanisms
• Monitoring has to cover more than merely counting stoves….
• Penetration rate
• Usage
• Maintenance
• Replacement
• …and allow for learning cycles – adaptation of implementation strategy
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Lesson No. 5 Changing cooking habits requires time and efforts
• Workload, smoke, decreasing resources are not seen as primary
problems in low income households. Constant and long-term
awareness raising is needed.
• Cooking habits vary from region to region and require different
products: there is no one-fits-all stove. Research and
technology adaptation is necessary.
• Clean cooking is a function of four elements:
1. clean burning fuel,
2. clean burning stove,
3. ventilation,
4. user behavior
• Sustainable project interventions have to tackle all four aspects Injera Baking in Ethiopia – traditional
and improved
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Lesson No. 6 A global programme permits efficient up-scaling
• Cross country exchange of experience allows for
accelerated improvements of concepts
• Performance-based allocation of funds among country
interventions – creates productive competition
• High cost effectiveness, reduction transaction costs
program Costs for providing access to improved
cookstoves : <5 EUR/person
Stoves in Burkina Faso and Kenya
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Challenges ahead
• Changing market dynamics and new players
• Implications of carbon market development
• New types of actors involved in cookstove dissemination
• Technological advancement vs. affordability and local productability
• Harmonization of donor activities, esp. in the light of global initiatives
• Transparent monitoring to avoid double counting
• Monitoring of stove usage instead of mere counting stoves produced/sold
• Sustainability of distribution, replacement
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Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale
Zusammenarbeit GmbH (GIZ) GmbH
HERA – Poverty-Oriented Basic Energy Services
www.giz.de/hera
Thank you for your attention
Rocket Stove in Malawi