lesson plan on cpr

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Libin Palluppettayil Jose BSNCPR is a basic life saving skill that all HCP must know as, in the clinical areas there are more chances for cardio or pulmonary or a combined arrest. Assessing the cardio pulmonary arrest in minimum time can increase the life expectancy after the CPR.

LESSON PLAN ON CPR – Basic Life Support

DR.PANJABRAO DESHMUKH NURSING INSTITUTE, AMRAVATI

SUBJECT : Foundations of Nursing

TOPIC : CPR – Basic Life Support

GROUP : Basic BSc (N) First Year

DATE : 27th November 2009

METHOD : Lecture, Discussion followed by Demonstration

AIM : Students understand the Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation and its techniques, to provide basic life support in the emergency situations in their clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE : at the end of the class the students will be able to

1. Identify the cardio pulmonary emergency situations 2. Demonstrate the need based care 3. Demonstrate CPR Procedure

INTRODUCTION : CPR is a basic life saving skill that all HCP must know as, in the clinical areas there are more chances for cardio or pulmonary or a combined arrest. Assessing the cardio pulmonary arrest in minimum time can increase the life expectancy after the CPR.

LESSON PLAN of 9


CONTENT :

1. Introduction to CPR2. Understanding the ABCDs of CPR3. Chest compression and its technique4. Opening the Airway and giving Breaths

a. Head tilt – chin liftb. Mouth to mouth breathingc. Mouth to barrier device breathingd. Mouth to mask breathing

5. 1 Rescuer Adult CPR sequence 6. Adult bag and mask technique and Rescue Breathing 7. 2 Rescuer CPR for Adult8. Special situations

a. Scene safety b. Rescuer safety c. Standard precautions d. Head, Neck And Spine Injuriese. Agonal gaspsf. Recovery position

9. Automated External Defibrillatora. Principles of early defibrillation b. Structure and functions of AEDc. AED Operationd. Integrating AED and CPR e. 2 Rescuer CPR Sequence with AEDf. Special situations and its Precautions

i. Hairy chestii. Water

iii. Implanted defibrillator and Pace makersiv. Transdermal Medication Patches

ADULT BLS ALGORITM (CPR)

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No movement or response

Phone 101 or emergency number and Get AED or send second rescuer (if available to do this)

Open AIRWAY , check BREATHING

If not breathing , give 2 BREATHS that make chest rise

Definite

Pulse

If no response, check pulse: Do you DEFINITELY feel Pulse within 10 seconds? No

→

Give 1 breath every5 to 6 seconds

Recheck pulse every 2 minutes

Give cycles of 30 COMPRESSIONS and 2 BREATHS Until AED/defibrillator arrives, ALS providers take over, or Victim starts to move

Push hard and fast (100/min) in compressions

Shockable Not Shockable

Give 1 shock and Resume CPR immediately for 5 cycles

Resume CPR immediately For 5 cycles

Check rhythm after every 5 cycles ; continue until over ALS

Providers take over or Victim starts to move

LESSON PLAN of 9

AED/defibrillator ARRIVES

Check Rhythm (Shockable rhythm or not)


Positioning The Victim : The victim should be in a face up (supine) position and on a hard surface before you begin CPR. If an unresponsive victim is not face up, roll the victim to a face up position

If a victim is not on a hard surface for Example, (if the victim is in bed) place a board or other rigid surface between the victim and the bed. If one is not available, move the victim to the floor.

1 or 2 -Rescuer Adult CPR Practice Sheet

Performance Guidelines

Check for response

If there is no response, shout for help. If no help is available, active the emergency response system and get the AED

Open the airway

Head tilt-chin lift Check for adequate breathing (take atLeast 5 and no more than 10 seconds)

Look, listen, and feel If no adequate breathing , give 2 Breaths Make the chest rise

Check pulse

Take at least 5 and no more than10 seconds

If no pulse start cycles of 30 compressions and 2 breaths:

30 compression (push hard, push fast) Rate of 100 per minute 2 breaths

Minimize interruptions in chest compressions; try to keep interruptions to10 seconds or less

2-Rescuer Adult CPR Sequence Technique

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All professional rescuers should learn both the 1-rescuer and 2-rescuer techniques. When possible, use devices for month-to mask and bag-mask ventilation. In 2-rescuer CPR, each rescuer has specific roles:

Rescuer Location Actions

Rescuer 1 At the victim’s side Performs chest compressions Counts out loud Switches duties with rescuer 2 every

5 cycles or 2 minutes, king taking less than

5 seconds to switch

Rescuer 2 At the victim’s head Maintains an open airway Gives breaths , watching for chest rise

and avoiding hyperventilation Encourages rescuer 1 to perform

compressions that are fast and deep enough and to allow full chest recoil

between compressions

Switches duties with rescuer 1 every 5 cycles or 2 minutes , taking less than 5 seconds to switch

UNIVERSAL AED OPERATING STEPS

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Step Action

1 POWER ON the AED (this activates voice prompts for guidance in al subsequent steps.).

Open the carrying case or the top of the AED. Turn the power on(some devices will “power on” automatically when you open the lid or case)

2. ATTACH electrode pads to the victim’s bare chest.

Choose correct pads (adult vs child) for size /age of victim. Use child pads or child system for children less than 8 years of age if available. Do not use child pads or child system for Victim 8 years and older.

Peel the backing away from the electrode pads. Quickly wipe the victim’s chest if it is covered with water or sweet. Attach the adhesive electrode pads to the victim’s bare chest.

- Place one electrode pad on the upper-right side of the bare chest to the right of the breastbone, directly below the collarbone.

- Place the other pad to the left of the nipple, a few inches below the Left arm pit

Attach the AED connecting cables to the AED box (some are Pre connected.) 3 “Clear” the victim and ANALYZE the rhythm.

Always clear the victim during analysis. Be sure that no one is touching the victim, not even the person in change of given breaths.

Some AEDs will tell you to push a button to allow the AED to begin analyzing – the heart; others will do that automatically. The AED may take about 5 to 15 seconds.

The AED then tells you if a shock is needed. 4 If the AED advises a shock, it well tell you to be sure to clear the victim.

Clear the victim before delivering the shock: be sure no one is touching the victim to avoid injury to rescuers.

- Loudly state a “ clear the patient: message such as”I’m clear, you’re- Clear, everybody’s clear “ or simply “Clear”- Perform a visual check to ensure that no one is in contact with the victim.

Press the SHOCK button The shock will produce a sudden contraction of the victim’s muscles

5 As soon as the AED gives the shock , begin CPR starting with chest compressions

6 After 2 minutes of CPR, the will prompt you to repeat steps 3 and 4.

2-Rescuer CPR Sequence with AED

Step Action

1

LESSON PLAN of 9


Check for response : if the victim does not respond:

The first rescuer stays with the victim and performs CPR until the AED Arrives.

The second rescuer activates the emergency response system and gets the AED.(Either rescuer may operate the AED once it Arrives.)

2. Open airway : head tilt-chin lift.

3 Check for breathing : provide breathing if needed:

- Look, listen and feel for breaths.- If not breathing, give 2 breaths using appropriate barrier device:

4 Check for pulse : if pulse not definitely felt in 5 to 10 seconds:

Perform chest compressions and prepare to attach the AED:

- The first rescuer starts chest compression while the second rescuer- Prepares to use the AED:- Remove or move clothing covering the victim’s chest to allow- Rescuers to provide chest compression and apply the AED electrode pads.

5 Attempt defibrillation with the AED:

- When the AED arrives , place it at the victim’s side near the rescuer who will be operating it. The AED is usually placed on the side of the victim opposite the rescuer who is performing CPR

There are 2 exceptions:

1. For a child who suffered an unwitnessed, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, Complete 5 cycles (or about 2 minutes) of CPR before attaching and using the AED.

2. For an adult who suffered an unwitnessed, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and with EMS call-to-arrival interval greater than 4 to 5 minutes , EMS Personnel may complete 5 cycles of CPR before attaching AED

6 POWER ON the AED and follow voice prompts. Some devices will turn on when the AED lid or carrying case is Opened.

Attach the AED:

- Select the correct pads for the victim’s size and age (Adult vs child),- And/or turn a key or switch to deliver a child shock dose if appropriate.- Peel the backing from the pads.- ATTACH the adhesive pads to the bare skin of the victim’s chest - Attach the electrode cable to the AED (if not preconnected).

Allow the AED to ANALYZE the victim’s rhythm (clear the Victim before analysis)

Deliver a SHOCK if needed (clear the victim before shock)

If no shock is needed and after any shock delivery, resume CPR beginning with chest compression

-

SUMMARY : Healthcare Provide Summary of CPR for Adults, Children, and Infants.

CPR Adult andOlder Child

Child( 1 year old to

Puberty)

Infant( Less than1 year old

Establish that theVictim does not

Activate youremergency

Activate your emergency responseSystem after giving of CPR

LESSON PLAN of 9


Respond

Activate your emergency response system

response systemas soon as thevictim found

Open the airway

Used head tilt-chin liftHead tilt-chin lift ( Suspected trauma: jaw thrust)

Check breathing

If the victim is not Breathing, give 2 breathsThat make the chest rise.

Open the airway, look, listen, and feel.

Take at least 5 seconds and no more than 10 seconds.

First 2 breaths Give 2 breaths ( 1 second each)

Check pulse

At least 5 secondsand no more than10 seconds

Carotid pulse(if no pulse,Start CPR)

Carotid pulse(if no pulses or pulse is <60 bpm with signs of poor perfusion, start CPR

Brachial pulse ( if noPulse or pulse is

,60 bpm with singsOf poor perfusion,

Start CPR)Start CPR

CompressionLocation

Centre of breast bone between nipples Just below nippleLine on breast-

bone

Compression Method

Heel of 1 hand on top(or 1 hand for small victims)

2 fingers( thumb-encircling

hands for2-rescuer CPR

Compressiondepth

1 ½ to 2 inches 1/3 to ½ depth of chest

Compression rate

100 per minute

Compression Ventilation ratio 30:2

(1-or 2-rescuerCPR)

30:2 for 1-rescuer CPR(15:2 for 2-rescuer CPR)

HOME WORK : Prepare a Journal on Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation

REFERANCE : BLS for Health Care Providers (Students Manual), American Heart Association, 2006. ISBN 0-87493-461-3

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LESSON PLAN of 9

lesson plan on cpr

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