lecture
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As Clinical Anatomy
E-mail: [email protected]
Radiology Website: http://radiology.med.sc.edu
Radiology Department:
Basement of Library
733-3295Francis Neuffer, M.D.U.S.C. School of Medicine
2009
RADIOLOGY
Speaker note
COURSE GOALS
Understand basics of image generation.
Relate imaging to gross anatomy.
See clinical relationship to basic science.
Appreciate constraints and limitations.
Develop imaging vocabulary.
WHAT IS RADIOLOGY?
Medical specialty that supervises and interprets imaging studies.
Reports findings to referring physicians.
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RADIOLOGIST ROLE
Separate: Normal from Abnormal
Characterize / Describe: Abnormality
Determine: Extent (stage) of disease
Suggest: Diagnosis / Differential
Recommend: Further exams / follow-up
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X-RAY
Discovered and named by
Dr. W. C. Röentgen at University of Würzburg,
1895
Awarded first Nobel prize for physics, 1901
Did not patent invention
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PROJECTION -VS-
TOMOGRAPHIC IMAGE
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FOOTAP PROJECTION
(ANTERIOR - POSTERIOR)
RT
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LATERAL FOOT
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TOMOGRAPHIC IMAGES ARE
IN A SPECIFIC PLANE
SAGITTALAXIAL CORONAL
RTRT
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CT- HEAD
CT REFERENCE FILM
Skull / brain
RT
RADIOLOGY TOOLS
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X- RAY
ULTRASOUND
NUCLEAR MEDICINE
MAGNETIC RESONANCE
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
HOW IS IMAGING DONE?
IONIZING RADIATION
X-ray, CT, Nuclear Medicine
SOUND WAVES
Ultrasound
MAGNETIC FIELDS / RADIO WAVES
Magnetic Resonance 12
X- RAY High Energy Photon --Kilo Electron Volts
Ionizing Radiation
Exposes Film / Detector
Projection Data
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X-RAYS
PLAIN FILM RADIOGRAPHY
Chest Mammography Abdomen Spine Extremities & Joints Skull
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Air
Soft Tissue
Fat
Bone
X - RAY --- FOUR BASIC DENSITIES
CONTRAST RADIOGRAPHY
Injection, ingestion, or other placement of opaque material within the body.
Improves visualization and tissue separation.
Can demonstrate functional anatomy and pathology.
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UPPER GI--(GASTRO INTESTINAL)
BARIUM ENEMA RECTAL BARIUM CONTRAST
WITHOUT CONTRAST-plain or scout film
STOMACH
COLON
ORAL BARIUM CONTRAST
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INTRAVENOUS PYELOGRAM – IVP INTRAVENOUS IODINE CONTRAST
ARTERIOGRAM INTRAARTERIAL IODINE CONTRAST
WITHOUT CONTRAST-plain or scout film
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
HIGH ENERGY PHOTON
IONIZING RADIATION
EXPOSES DETECTOR
TOMOGRAPHIC DATA
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SCAN LEVEL
CT EXAMPLE
RT
NUCLEAR MEDICINE
High Energy Photon
Ionizing Radiation --Radiopharmaceutical
Exposes Detector
Projection Data
Dynamic / Physiologic
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NUCLEAR MEDICINE EXAMPLES
Hepatobiliary
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Renal
Bone
ULTRASOUND
Sound Wave - high
Frequency
No Ionizing Radiation
Transmitter / Receiver
Tomographic Data
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ULTRASOUND EXAMPLES
Gallbladder
Kidney
Obstetrics
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Hydrogen Protons In a Magnetic Field
Radio Wave Signal Transmission
No Ionizing Radiation
Tomographic Data
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MAGNETIC RESONANCE
MAGNETIC RESONANCE
EXAMPLES
Brain
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Spine
Knee
RT
Multiple Choice - Identify Labeled Images From Digital Film
Sets And Lecture Images
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RADIOLOGY EVALUATION
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HOSPITAL LINGO
X- Ray Plain Film Scout Film Radiograph
Computed Tomography Cat Scan CT Nuclear Medicine Nuc Med
Ultrasound Sono Sonogram
Magnetic Resonance MR MRI
You will hear and see these abbreviations used frequently in the
medical community.
SUMMARY TOMOGRAPHY- VS- PROJECTION IMAGES
SECTION PLANES
AXIAL
CORONAL
SAGITTAL
IMAGE GENERATION OF:
Nuclear Medicine
Computed Tomography
Ultrasound
X-ray
Magnetic Resonance
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OH… THE MANY USES
OF
MODERN IMAGING?
KING TUTNUC MED STUDY OF A HORSE’S _____!
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