lecture 5 dr. eden flores
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Teaching English in the Philippines from a World
Englishes paradigm
Eden Regala Flores, Ph.D.Department of English and Applied Linguistics
De La Salle University, Manila20 May 2011, UST
Seven central questions related to the teaching of English
1. Whose language?
(the issue of English ownership)
Kachru’s (1985) Three Circle Model
Expanding Circle China, Egypt, Indonesia,
South Korea, Saudi Arabia, etc
Outer Circle Phils., Sing.,
Mal, Kenya, India, Ghana, etc
Inner Circle UK, US, Can,
Aus, NZ
2. Which speakers?
(the privileging of native English norms)
3. Which language?
(struggles inherent in selecting appropriate varieties of English for the classroom)
4. Which standard?
(British, American, or Philippine English)
5. Which approaches?
(CA, CBA, etc. approach)
6. Which texts?
(use learner needs and local contexts to inform pedagogical practices)
7. Who is the learner?
(the voice of the learners themselves)
Bernardo (2007) on Filipino students’ motivation to learn (710 respondents):
• 33.80% specific types of knowledge will be useful for future application;
• 23.66% knowledge will improve their socio-economic status;
• 15.77% learning is a stepping stone to realize aspirations; and
• 9.01% learn for survival purposes
Thank you very much for listening.