lecture 12 – october 23, 2012 northern homefront: a different world? distance from battle / war...
TRANSCRIPT
Lecture 12 – October 23, 2012 Northern Homefront: A Different World? Distance from Battle / War Work
Medicine during Wartime: Injuries, Death, & DiseaseU.S. Sanitary CommissionNursing – female volunteers – Dix & Barton
Was the North Unified for the War? - Midterm Elections [1862] - Federal Conscription Act [3/1863] New York City Draft Riot [7/1863] - Border State Unrest Breeds Tension – Guerillas, Civilians, Regular Military
Ewing’s General Order #11 – destroy safe havensGrant’s General Order #11 – ethnic profiling?
Union Military Policy in 1863 & 64:First, What Happened in 1863-64? East: Protecting DC/ Pursuing Lee’s ArmyWest: Dividing, then Subdividing the Confederacy
Vicksburg Campaign [after many attempts and a siege, Union victory 7/4/63] Chattanooga – Chickamauga campaign – [August – September 1863]
Using African Americans --Confederates Respond to EP, Lincoln Counters Davis’s order United States Colored Troops – how & where they served / challenges to fightingHard Hand of War – Sherman from Atlanta to the Sea
Sheridan in the Shenandoah ValleyWhat are “just rules of war”? Find the Lieber Code for Friday.
Major Military Initiatives - Union’s plans for the winter & spring of 1864Grant: Assaults on all Fronts! Simultaneous Advance on 5 Fronts:
LA Mobile, AL [Banks]Chattanooga Atlanta [Sherman]Army of Potomac ANV [Grant/Meade]James River Richmond [Butler]West VA Shenandoah Valley [Sigel] – later Sheridan!
Convalescing Union Soldiersat Sanitary CommissionSoldiers’ Homes
Members of the US Sanitary Commission
Clara Barton – American Red Cross
Dorothea Dix
Northern Civilian Mobilization: Soldiers’ Aid Societies,Nursing, a New Profession for Women
All’s Well in the Union?:New York City Draft Riots
July 1863
Lecture 12 – October 23, 2012 Northern Homefront: A Different World? Distance from Battle / War Work
Medicine during Wartime: Injuries, Death, & DiseaseU.S. Sanitary CommissionNursing – female volunteers – Dix & Barton
Was the North Unified for the War? - Midterm Elections [1862] - Federal Conscription Act [3/1863] New York City Draft Riot [7/1863] - Border State Unrest Breeds Tension – Guerillas, Civilians, Regular Military
Ewing’s General Order #11 – destroy safe havensGrant’s General Order #11 – ethnic profiling?
Union Military Policy in 1863 & 64:First, What Happened in 1863-64? East: Protecting DC/ Pursuing Lee’s ArmyWest: Dividing, then Subdividing the Confederacy
Vicksburg Campaign [after many attempts and a siege, Union victory 7/4/63] Chattanooga – Chickamauga campaign – [August – September 1863]
Using African Americans --Confederates Respond to EP, Lincoln Counters Davis’s order United States Colored Troops – how & where they served / challenges to fightingHard Hand of War – Sherman from Atlanta to the Sea
Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley
Major Military Initiatives - Union’s plans for the winter & spring of 1864Grant: Assaults on all Fronts! Simultaneous Advance on 5 Fronts:
LA Mobile, AL [Banks]Chattanooga Atlanta [Sherman]Army of Potomac ANV [Grant/Meade]James River Richmond [Butler]West VA Shenandoah Valley [Sigel] – later Sheridan!
Clement Vallandigham – Most Vocal Copperhead Leader (Peace Democrat), Arrested by US General Burnside, convicted, and sent to Confederacy
William Quantrill
Bloody Bill Anderson
Ewings’ General Order # 11 – Remove Missouriansfrom 4 border counties – to quell guerrilla Violence [August 1863]
Grant’s General Order #11Removing “Jews as a Class”12/1862
General Orders #11
GENERAL ORDERS No. 11.HDQRS. 13TH A. C., DEPT. OF THE TENN.,Holly Springs, December 17, 1862.
The Jews, as a class violating every regulation of trade established by the Treasury Department and also department orders, are hereby expelled from the department within twenty-four hours from the receipt of this order.Post commanders will see that all of this class of people be furnished passes and required to leave, and any one returning after such notification will be arrested and held in confinement until an opportunity occurs of sending them out as prisoners, unless furnished with permit from headquarters.No passes will be given these people to visit headquarters for the purpose of making personal application for trade permits.
By order of Maj. Gen. U.S. Grant:JNO. A. RAWLINS, Assistant Adjutant-General.
Official Records of the War of the Rebellion, Series I, Vol. 17, Part II, p. 424.
Official Records of the War of the Rebellion, Series I, Vol. 17, Part II, p. 506.
The Order is Rescinded
WAR DEPARTMENT,Washington, January 4, 1863.
Holly Springs, Miss.:
A paper purporting to be General Orders, No. 11, issued by you December 17, has been presented here. By its terms it expels all Jews from your department. If such an order has been issued, it will be immediately revoked.
H. W. HALLECK, General-in-Chief.
[CIRCULAR.] HDQRS. 13TH ARMY CORPS, DEPT. OF THE TENN.,Holly Springs, Miss., January 7, 1863.
By direction of General-in-Chief of the Army, at Washington, the general order from these headquarters expelling Jews from the department is hereby revoked.
By order of Maj. Gen. U.S. Grant:
JNO. A. RAWLINS, Assistant Adjutant-General.
Article from THE JEWISH RECORD, New York, Jan.13,1863.
DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE
HOW GENERAL GRANT'S ORDER DID WORK BEFORE IT WAS REVOKED.
A chapter of outrages committed against a co-religionist and his lady, in the West Tennessee Department—How Israelites are treated by military officers of the U.S.
An Israelite, formerly largely engaged in the Southern trade, and who at the outbreak of the war was a resident of the State of Georgia, has just returned to this city [New York] on important family business. He has furnished our reporter with the following incidence of his travel through the Union lines.
He left his late residence on the 12th ult. In company with a young lady, to whom he is engaged to be married, and three [other] gentlemen, and after passing the Confederate lines, arrived at Oxford, Miss., on the 18th of last month. Here he was conducted to the headquarters of Col. [sic. Brigadier-General Leonard F.] Ross, of Ill., who received him very courteously and directed the party to the Provost Marshal of the Department, who would undoubtedly grant them passes. This official at once handed them the passports, but before the party could leave the office he took the passports back and tore them up. He then had the whole party conducted before Colonel, now Brigadier-General, [C. Carroll] Marsh, of Illinois, who immediately ordered the party under arrest, when the following conversation ensued between our informant and the Colonel:
Gentleman.—"I should like to know the cause of our detention."Colonel.—"I do not feel inclined to give any.—in about half an hour you will leave for Cairo and Alton."Gentleman.—"Colonel, can I sell my horse and buggy?"Colonel.—"No, sir. You have nothing to sell. You have to leave on the next train under guard."
No time was given to either gentlemen or lady to change their clothing, notwithstanding they were soaking wet, or to refresh themselves, permission being refused by Col. Marsh, amidst a volley of oaths.
Four horses, for which the gentleman paid $650, and the buggy, worth $250, were seized, and when a receipt was asked, Col. Marsh replied, "I will see you d—-d first." The whole party was then placed in charge of Lieut. Wital, of a Chicago regiment, and, in the midst of a piercing cold, conveyed by railroad to Holly Springs.
At Holly Springs the prisoners were taken to a hotel, where, during the night, they were visited by a Polish co-religionist named Black, married to a Miss Hirsch, of [New York], who stated that he was authorized by Captain Hogan, the chief detective of the place, to promise them free [sic] passes, provided they would pay $100 each.
Four of the parties signed the obligation to pay, when Captain Hogan took the paper and cried out, "You intend to bribe a U.S. officer!" He locked the door until the next morning at 4 o'clock, when he returned, stating that each of the parties were fined $100, which was paid, when they were sent under guard to Bolivar, where they remained two days. On the road Col. Marsh was on the train, when he again commenced his abuse of the party in the most ungentlemanly manner, using opprobrious names and oaths in unlimited number, for which the young lady took him so severely to task that he left the car.
They left Bolivar on the 21st for Jackson, Tenn., on a soldiers' train, which was pushed forward with great celerity, as the commander feared an attack, but they arrived safely at their destination, where they had to take quarters at their own expense and remained ten days, when they were sent to Cairo, Ill.
Here they were handed the following order:
HEADQUARTERS DIV. OF CAIRO,Cairo, Ill., Jan.4,1863.
Mr. B.:
Sir,—In accordance with instructions from Headquarters Dept. of West Tenn., you are hereby ordered to leave the Department forthwith, and not return during the continuance of this Rebellion.
By order of Brig. Gen. J[ames].M. Tuttle,J.B. Sample, Capt. And Adj.
Our informant asked Gen. Tuttle why he was expelled from the Department. The only reply was: "Because you are Jews, and they are neither a benefit to the Union or Confederacy."
While at Holly Springs, the trunk of the lady, with its contents, valued at $800, was wantonly burnt by the soldiers, and the pockets of the whole party were picked while at the Provost Marshal's office and on the way to the hotel and cars.
The gentleman also informed our reporter that the lady had been rudely treated and insulted by many officers.
Comment is unnecessary.
Related Pages (links to pages not on Jewish-history.com will open in a new window)
Resignation of Capt. Philip TrounstineIsaac Leeser's editorial from The OccidentSimilar Decree in Russia, 1844 Expulsion of Jews from Gaza, 2005
Lecture 12 – October 23, 2012 Northern Homefront: A Different World? Distance from Battle / War Work
Medicine during Wartime: Injuries, Death, & DiseaseU.S. Sanitary CommissionNursing – female volunteers – Dix & Barton
Was the North Unified for the War? - Midterm Elections [1862] - Federal Conscription Act [3/1863] New York City Draft Riot [7/1863] - Border State Unrest Breeds Tension – Guerillas, Civilians, Regular Military
Ewing’s General Order #11 – destroy safe havensGrant’s General Order #11 – ethnic profiling?
Union Military Policy in 1863 & 64:First, What Happened in 1863-64? East: Protecting DC/ Pursuing Lee’s ArmyWest: Dividing, then Subdividing the Confederacy
Vicksburg Campaign [after many attempts and a siege, Union victory 7/4/63] Chattanooga – Chickamauga campaign – [August – September 1863]
Using African Americans --Confederates Respond to EP, Lincoln Counters Davis’s order United States Colored Troops – how & where they served / challenges to fightingHard Hand of War – Sherman from Atlanta to the Sea
Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley
Major Military Initiatives - Union’s plans for the winter & spring of 1864Grant: Assaults on all Fronts! Simultaneous Advance on 5 Fronts:
LA Mobile, AL [Banks]Chattanooga Atlanta [Sherman]Army of Potomac ANV [Grant/Meade]James River Richmond [Butler]West VA Shenandoah Valley [Sigel] – later Sheridan!
1863
Lee -vs- Meade
View of Seminary Ridge from Union position on Cemetery Hill
View of Cemetery Ridge from Confederate position on Seminary Ridge
Grant’s 1863 Strategy for Vicksburg
Siege of Vicksburg – Living in Caves
Lecture 12 – October 23, 2012 Northern Homefront: A Different World? Distance from Battle / War Work
Medicine during Wartime: Injuries, Death, & DiseaseU.S. Sanitary CommissionNursing – female volunteers – Dix & Barton
Was the North Unified for the War? - Midterm Elections [1862] - Federal Conscription Act [3/1863] New York City Draft Riot [7/1863] - Border State Unrest Breeds Tension – Guerillas, Civilians, Regular Military
Ewing’s General Order #11 – destroy safe havensGrant’s General Order #11 – ethnic profiling?
Union Military Policy in 1863 & 64:First, What Happened in 1863-64? East: Protecting DC/ Pursuing Lee’s ArmyWest: Dividing, then Subdividing the Confederacy
Vicksburg Campaign [after many attempts and a siege, Union victory 7/4/63] Chattanooga – Chickamauga campaign – [August – September 1863]
Using African Americans --Confederates Respond to EP, Lincoln Counters Davis’s order United States Colored Troops – how & where they served / challenges to fightingHard Hand of War – Sherman from Atlanta to the Sea
Sheridan in the Shenandoah ValleyWhat are “just rules of war”? Find the Lieber Code for Friday.
Major Military Initiatives - Union’s plans for the winter & spring of 1864Grant: Assaults on all Fronts! Simultaneous Advance on 5 Fronts:
LA Mobile, AL [Banks]Chattanooga Atlanta [Sherman]Army of Potomac ANV [Grant/Meade]James River Richmond [Butler]West VA Shenandoah Valley [Sigel] – later Sheridan!
