History of Political Thought

History, Politics and Philosophy(Lecture 1)

PREPARED by Raizza Corpuz

OBJECTIVES:

♦ To evaluate the importance of HISTORY and (POLITICS) POLITICAL THEORY

♦ To understand HISTORY of Political Theory

♦ To develop an analytical way of thinking vis a vis HISTORY and POLITICS

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UNLOCK THE PAST

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WHAT IS HISTORY?

♦ History comes from the Greek word “historie” or “historia” which means learning, inquiry and/ or investigation.

♦ In general, it is the past of mankind. (Gottchalk)

♦ It is the story of human experience.

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NATURE OF HISTORY

♦ IT HAS NO SUBJECT MATTER OF ITS OWN.♦ IT SYNTHESIZES KNOWLEDGE FROM

MANY FIELDS.♦ IT ILLUMINATES PIECES OF THE PAST,

NOT THE PAST ITSELF.♦ IT IS CONSTANTLY CHANGING.♦ IT IS SUBJECTIVE.♦ IT SEARCHES FOR THE TRUTH.

(ABSOLUTE TRUTH IS A RARE COMMODITY)

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ELEMENTS OF HISTORY

♦ MAN♦ PLACE♦ PERIOD (TIME ELEMENT)♦ SOURCES

- PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SOURCES

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USES AND IMPORTANCE OF HISTORY

♦ HISTORY SHOWS US WHAT IT MEANS TO BE HUMAN.

♦ HISTORY IMPROVES JUDGEMENT.

♦ HISTORY PROVIDES INSTRUCTIVE EXAMPLES.

♦ HISTORY MAKES US BETTER THINKERS.

♦ HISTORY SUPPORTS COMMON CULTURAL UNDERSTANDING AND DIALOGUE.

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USES AND IMP’T. CONT’D…

♦ HISTORY SATISFIES A NEED FOR IDENTITY.

♦ HISTORY GIVES PLEASURE.♦ STUDYING THE PAST IS

PREPARATION FOR THE FUTURE.

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IMPORTANT QOUTES TO REMEMBER

♦ “TO FORETELL THE DESTINY OF A NATION, IT IS NECESSARY TO OPEN THE BOOK THAT TELLS OF HER PAST” – DR. JOSE RIZAL

♦ “WHO CONTROLS THE PAST CONTROLS THE FUTURE; WHO CONTROLS THE PRESENT CONTROLS THE PAST” – GEORGE ORWELL

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QOUTES CONT’D…

♦ “THE DISADVANTAGE OF MEN NOT KNOWING THE PAST IS THAT THEY DO NOT KNOW THE PRESENT” – G. K. CHESTERTON

♦ “THOSE WHO CANNOT LEARN FROM HISTORY ARE DOOMED TO REPEAT IT” – GEORGE SANTAYANA

♦ “THE SUPREME PURPOSE OF HISTORY IS A BETTER WORLD” – HERBERT HOOVER

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Conclusion

History is made conscious of the PRESENT, yes it is studying the PAST happenings of a certain events, places, people. But the realization of it is in TODAY because understanding it is a new horizon of interpreting the essence of our foundation.

It is the same as the TREE! Yes TREE as a TREE--- rpc 2013

WHY A TREE?? Enable for us to taste the fruit we must

know how to plant—rpc 2013

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POLITICS

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OBJECTIVES

♦ To understand the basic concept of Political Theory

♦ To develop a critical way of thinking in interpreting Political Theories

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POLITICS

• (from Greek πολιτικός politikos, meaning "of, for, or relating to citizens") is the practice and theory of influencing other people on a global, civic or individual level.

• the art or science of government• the art or science concerned with guiding

or influencing governmental policy• the art or science concerned with winning

and holding control over a governmentRPCorpuz

POLITICS and POLITICAL SYSTEM

♦ is the study or practice of the distribution of power and resources within a given community (a hierarchically organized population) as well as the interrelationship(s) be

♦ is a framework which defines acceptable political methods within a given society between communities.

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According to De Leon, a state is :

A group of persons, more or less numerous, permanently occupying a definite portion of territory, independent of external control, and possessing a government to which a great body of inhabitants render habitual obedience.

Elements of a State1.People

2.Territory

3.Government

4.Sovereignty

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According to Max Weber

♦ A state is a human community that successfully claims the monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force within a given society.

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RM MacIver ,

♦ sought to distinguish the state from other kinds of associations in that it embraces the whole of people in a specific territory and it has the special function of maintaining social order.

♦ It performs the function through its agent, the government which speaks with the voice of Law.

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Laski Fredrick M Watkins

♦ defines the state as “ a geographical delimited segment of human society united by common obedience to a single sovereignty”

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State and Government

♦ A state is an organized political community occupying a certain territory.

♦ A government on the contrary is an organization that has the power to make and enforce laws for a definite territory.

The word ‘govern’ has the meaning of ‘power to administrate’.

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REFERENCES

The Great Political Theories

Volume 1

Political Law, Isagani Cruz

Philippine Constitution De Leon, 1997

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THANK YOU! ;)

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