language curriculum design (chapter 4 principles)
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 4
Principles
The aim of this part of the curriculum design process is to decide how learning can be encouraged.
Fidel Villalobos
The purpose of this chapter is to show that a sensible basis to guide teaching and to help in the design of courses rests on following principles.
Fidel Villalobos
Basis
These principles must be based on research and theory, and must be general enough to allow variety and flexibility in their application to suit the wide range of conditions in which language is taught.
PedagogicalPerspective
Focused on Curriculum
Design
Teacher Training
Nature of Language
Nature of Learning
Role of Culture
Based
on
Researc
h a
nd
Th
eory
Ph
ilosop
hic
al S
tan
ce
Fidel Villalobos
The Subdivisions of Principles
8 10
2
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1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10
10 Principles of Language Teaching
Content and Sequencing
Monitoring and Assessment
Content and Sequencing
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Content and Sequencing1. Frequency: A language course should provide the best possible coverage of language in use through the inclusion of items that occur frequently in the language, so that learners get the best return for their learning effort.3 32
General Rules Ways to apply these rules for selection of
material
3 Things a teacher may do in the absence of best available
RLE
PrinciplesFidel Villalobos
Content and Sequencing2. Strategies and autonomy: A language course should train learners in how to learn a language, so that they can become effective and independent language learners.
2Learning and Coping
Strategies
5Principles for
promoting learner autonomy that teachers and
curriculum designers should consider.
1. Learner goals
2. The language learning process
3. Tasks
4. Learner strategies
5. Reflection on learning
Principles Fidel Villalobos
Content and Sequencing3. Spaced retrieval: Learners should have increasingly spaced, repeated opportunity to give attention to wanted items in a variety of contexts.
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-Wanted items
-(not more than 20) Group of very useful but neglected items
-Effects of repetition on learning
Content and Sequencing4. Language system: The language focus of a course needs to be on generalizable features of the language system.
PrinciplesFidel Villalobos
Language features-Cohesive devices-Prediction clues-Text coping strategies
Areas of focus
-Vocabulary
-Structure
-Discourse
The teacher should try to include underlying concepts of the word instead of meaning
Content and Sequencing5. Keep moving forward: A language course should progressively cover useful language items, skills and strategies.
PrinciplesFidel Villalobos
The course should have explicit language teaching goals
Content and Sequencing6. Teachability: The teaching of language items should take account of the most favorable sequencing of these items and should take account of when the learners are most ready to learn them.
PrinciplesFidel Villalobos
Content and Sequencing7. Learning burden: The course should help learners make the most effective use of previous knowledge.
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Content and Sequencing8. Interference: The items in a language course should be sequenced so that items which are learned together have a positive effect on each other for learning and so that interference effects are avoided.
PrinciplesFidel Villalobos
Monitoring and Assessment
Fidel Villalobos
Monitoring and Assessment
1. Ongoing needs and environment analysis: The selection, ordering, presentation, and assessment of the material in a language course should be based on a continuing careful consideration of the learners and their needs, the teaching conditions, and the time and resources available.
PrinciplesFidel Villalobos
Monitoring and Assessment
2. Feedback: Learners should receive helpful feedback which will allow them to improve the quality of their language use.
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Principles
1 2 3
Fidel Villalobos
Thank you.©Universidad Latina of Panama, Republic of Panama, May 2015.
Nation, I.S.P., Macalister, J. – Language Curriculum Design – First published 2010 by Routledge .ESL & Applied Linguistics Professional Series - Eli Hinkel, Series Editor
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