THE CONCEPT OF TCP/IPCHRIS STEVENS2801639

-What is TCP/IP?

-How Does TCP/IP Work?

-Layers of Protocol

-The Application Layer

-The Transport Layer

-The Internet Layer

-The Network Layer

-Encapsulation and Decapsulation

-Referenceshttp://www.rtkl.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Blog-1-Header-Graphic_IoE.jpg

WHAT IS TCP/IP?

TCP means Transmission Control Protocol

IP means Internet Protocol

Protocols are a set of rules used for communicating on networks or between to or more hosts

http://atforum.com/news/wp-content/uploads/computers.jpg

HOW DOES TCP/IP WORK?

TCP enables two hosts to establish a connection a connection and exchange steams of data

IP protocol deals with only packets

Packets are data which is divided into smaller pieces and is then transmitted individually

(Beal,2014)http://baraknaamafinal.appspot.com/tcpip.jsp

LAYERS OF PROTOCOL

There are four Layers of Protocol that coordinate together to make the network functional

They are,

-The Application Layer

-The Transport Layer

-The Internet Layer

-The Network Access Layer

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_protocol_suite#mediaviewer/File:IP_stack_connections.svg

THE APPLICATION LAYER

The application layer is the scope with which applications create user data and communicate this data to other applications.

The application layer provides services such as

-Mail Transfer Protocol

-File Transfer

-Web surfing

-Web chat

-Network data sharing

-and Virtual terminations(Janessen,2014)

http://education-portal.com/cimages/multimages/16/osi-application-layer.jpg

THE TRANSPORT LAYER

The Transport Layer preforms the host to host communications. It provides a channel for the communication need of the applications. (Wikipedia,2014)

Provides the means to for data segments to be transported, It sends data to the internet layer when sending, and to the application layer when receiving.

http://www.chipkin.com/products/stack/bacnet-stack/

THE INTERNET LAYER

The Internet Layer is the IP, Internet ProtocolWhich controls:

-Local Addressing, Ever machine has a IP address for addressing and Identifying

-Routing, moving data across a series of interconnected networks.

-Encapsulation, placing messages form higher layers into datagrams(TCP/IP Guide,2014)

THE NETWORK LAYERThe Network Layer is the physical components of the network. What the data flows through. Some of the more common components are:

-Assortment of Networking Wires

-Network Hubs

-Network Switches

-Routers

-Modems

-Network Interface Cardshttp://www.itgeared.com/articles/1334-network-layer-3-osi-model/

ENCAPSULATION AND DECAPSULATION

http://www.tcpipguide.com/free/t_IPDatagramEncapsulation.htm

Encapsulation is converting the data into small packets with the necessary data the send to another user. The data included is:

-Preamble used for bit synchronization

-Start of Frame Delimiter

-Destination Address

-Length of Type

-The Actual Data to send

- And The Frame Check Sequence

Decapsulation is the same process in reverse to open the data packet.(Week6 Hand Out,2014)

REFERENCES

Vangie Beal,(Last acc 15/08/14),Webopidia, http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/T/TCP.html

Cory Janssan,(2014),Techopedia, http://www.techopedia.com/definition/6006/application-layer

Wikipedia(Last acc 15/08/14), Internet Protocol, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_protocol_suite

TCP/IP Guide(Last acc 22/8/14), http://www.tcpipguide.com/free/t_NetworkLayerLayer3.htm

CICLevel4 Week6 Hand out(2014), Clement Sudahkar