Types of Cells

• What is the difference between a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell?

• Which cell type is more primitive?

What are the three domains of life?

• Which domains contain organisms with prokaryotic cells?

General Bacteria•Capsule: protection•Fimbriae: adhesion•Cell wall: protection•Pilus: transfer of DNA to other cells•Plasmid: extra DNA, creates antibiotic resistance•Endospore: dormant, non reproductive resting state

Colony

• Bacterial cells descended from one original cell

Three basic cell shapes

• Cocci (spherical)• Bacillus (rod-shaped)• Spirilli (spiral)

Cyanobacteria (Domain bacteria)• Previously called blue-green algae• Photosynthetic (thylakoid membranes)• Examples:1. Gloeocapsa

Secretes gelatinous sheath

2. OscillatoriaExhibits oscillation movement

3. AnabaenaForms heterocyst to obtain nitrogen

Kingdom Protista (Protists)

• Domain eukaryota• Eukaryotic cells• Single and multi celled organisms– Many microscopic

• Great diversity

Euglenozoans• Asymmetric, single celled• Euglena sp.– Exhibits movement (flagellum)– Both autotroph and heterotroph

• Trypanosoma sp.– Parasite carried by the Tsetse fly that causes

African sleeping sickness

Brown Algae (Stramenopiles)

• Autotrophs– Have carotenoid pigments

• Example: Fucus (common seaweed)– Reproduces sexually

• Example: Kelps

Red Algae (Archaeplastida)

• Autotrophs– Photosynthesis with phycoerythrin pigment

• Smaller than brown algae• Grow in warm seawater• Complex branching

Green Algae (Archaeplastida)

• Autotrophs– Use chlorophyll pigment– Closely related to green plants

• Example: Spirogyra– Filamentous – Sexual reproduction: conjugation

• Example: Volvox– Colonial– Motile with flagella– Sexual and asexual reproduction

Other photosynthetic protists

• Diatoms (golden-brown algae)– Cell wall contains silica (glass)

• Dinoflagellates – Two flagella

Ciliates: Paramecium (Alveolates)

• Heterotrophs• Exhibit movement through cilia• Example: paramecium– Sexual and asexual reproduction

Tubulinids: Amoeba (Amoebozoa)

• Heterotrophs• Exhibit movement through pseudopods

(cytoplasmic streaming)Amoeba