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The 26 th Annual IHI National Forum On Quality Improvement in Health Care L29: Southcentral Foundation Healthcare 3.0 Nuka System of Care Douglas Eby, VP of Medical Services Steve Tierney, Medical Director of QI Presenters have nothing to disclose Review the transformational journey of an entire health care system from physiciancentered to patientcentered to customerowned Describe how redesigning and rebuilding a health care system from the perspective and ownership of the community results in better outcomes than seeking a faster and leaner version of the current medical system Review approaches to moving beyond the PCMH to "Healthcare 3.0," including workforce and information management from data systems and sustaining relationships Session Objectives

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The 26th Annual IHI National ForumOn Quality Improvement in Health Care

L29: Southcentral FoundationHealthcare 3.0 ‐ Nuka System of Care

Douglas Eby, VP of Medical Services

Steve Tierney, Medical Director of QI

Presenters have nothing to disclose

Review the transformational journey of an entire health care system from physician‐centered to patient‐centered to customer‐owned

Describe how redesigning and rebuilding a health care system from the perspective and ownership of the community results in better outcomes than seeking a faster and leaner version of the current medical system

Review approaches to moving beyond the PCMH to "Healthcare 3.0," including workforce and information management from data systems and sustaining relationships

Session Objectives

Operational Principles

Relationships between customer‐owner, family and provider must be fostered and supportedEmphasis on wellness of the whole person, family and community (physical, mental, emotional and spiritual wellness)

Locations convenient for customer‐owners with minimal stops to get all their needs addressed

Access optimized and waiting times limitedTogetherwith the customer‐owner as an active partnerIntentionalwhole‐system design to maximize coordination and minimize duplicationOutcome and process measures continuously evaluated and improvedNot complicated but simple and easy to useServices financially sustainable and viable Hub of the system is the familyInterests of customer‐owners drive the system to determine what we do and how we do itPopulation‐based systems and servicesServices and systems build on the strengths of Alaska Native cultures

At 591,000 square miles, Alaska is as wide as the lower 48 states and larger than Texas, California

and Montana combined.

Incorporated in 1982

Employees• 1987: 24 staff 

• 2014: More than 1,750 

Operating Budget• 1987: $3 million

• FY 2014: $241 million

Serving 65,000 Customer‐owners• 55,000 Anchorage and Valley

• 10,000 55 villages

From 1987 to 2014…

Operating Budget

1987 FY 2014

$3m

$241m

RAISE Programs

Administrative Support Training Program

Nuka Institute

Elder Program

Complementary Medicine

Behavioral Health Learning Circles 

The Pathway Home

Quyana Clubhouse

Dena A Coy

• Residential

• Outpatient

• Willa’s Way

SCF Programs and Services

Primary Care Clinics

Laboratory

Pediatrics 

Audiology

Health Education 

McGrath Health Center

Pharmacy

Health Information Services 

OB‐GYN Nilavena Subregional Clinic Radiology Empanelment 

Emergency Department  Home Based Services  Valley Native Primary Care Center  Anchorage Service Unit Ops Support Optometry

SCF Programs and Services

Behavioral Health

• Fireweed

• PCC

BURT

Denaa  Yeets’

TRAILS and FASD

Behavioral Health Service McGrath

Therapeutic Family Group Homes• Cottonwood• Rendezvous• Cleveland• Alaska Womens Recovery 

Project (AWRP)• Access To Recovery (ATR)

SCF Programs and Services

Dental (ANMC and Fireweed)

Research

Facilities 

General Counsel

Budget Planning and Management

Contracts

Financial Operations

Patient Accounts

Payroll

Reimbursement

Seattle Office

Board Support

Tribal Relations and Village Initiatives 

Planning Grants

Communications & Public Relations

Information Technology

Special Assistant Program

Corporate Office Support

Compliance

Data Services

Organizational Development

Development Center

Human Resources

Quality Assurance

SCF Programs and Services

Office of the President• Divisional structure

Executive and Tribal Services, Medical Services, Behavioral Health, Resource and Development  and Organizational Development and Innovation

• Line Authority 

Functional committee structure • 4 areas of focus to get to high performance 

Operations– effective day to day operations 

Quality Assurance– compliance with standards etc. 

Process Improvement– improving systems and structures

Quality Improvement– improving clinical and educational services

Organizational Structures

Utilization• 75% decrease in hospital admissions since 1999

• 71% decrease in hospital days per 1000 since 1999 

• 36% decrease in outpatient visits per 1000 customer‐owners

Clinical quality• Level 3 NCQA Patient Centered Medical Home 

• 75 or 90 percentile for HEDIS outcome measures o Diabetes 

o Cancer 

o Cardiovascular disease

Measures of Success

Customer‐owner satisfaction• Overall 93%

Employee satisfaction• Overall 94% 

• Response rate 90% 

Employee Turnover • 11%

Baldrige National Quality Award ‐ 2011

Measures of Success

Then and Now …

Then and Now …

Medical care is too big and too complex with way too many services, agencies, and offerings to be left uncoordinated and without a strong navigator/coordinator role

Doctor‐centric Medical Model primary care has failed – need to rethink everything

Poor ‘primary care’ = ineffective system

Current model actually does HARM

Primary Care needs changing

Limited capability if fundamental platform is not rethought

• Think like a business, managed care, safety

• Case Management 2002‐2007

• Then – Six Sigma, TPS, flow, reliability, spread, bundling, P4P, E.H.R

•Now ‐ PCMH, ACO, Affordable care, single payer 

Previous Healthcare Fixes ‐ USA

Medical Model – not questioned

Each piece of healthcare optimizing their financial position – very sophisticated financially and bankrupting society

Better, faster, safer version of what we have – no fundamental change

The result of previous fixes

Risk of Reductionism

Attempting to isolate a single intervention as the approach to change within a complex dynamics system assumes all other processes, events and participating remain static over time. 

Severe dental caries

ADHD

Anxiety Disorder

Domestic Violence

Severe dental caries

Hypertension

Disease Approach to Improvement

Outcome not income 

Person not disease

Population not process 

Service not practice 

Approaching the Philosophic Thought Process of Redesign

Segmented measurement by individual

Integration of traditionally separate work types

Team dynamic optimization

Including Customer as an equal partner

Data Modeling and pattern recognition

“Smart Systems” that suggest both diagnoses and plans

Stages of PCMH Evolution(not to be confused with levels)

Changing from organizational level data to segmentation down to the work team or individual level. 

Operational and business model unchanged

Measurement is segmented but not responsibility for measurement which still stays with leadership

Resources are still allocated and analyzed from a system wide level

Leadership still focused on system wide measurement 

Stage 1 PCMH

Integrating teams with roles traditionally separated in older work systems

More customer focused work flow prospective  

Usually accompanied by changes in floor plan and office space

Often results in more wide variation in performance between teams

Professional staff often not prepared or trained to work in interdisciplinary environment 

Stage 2 PCMH

Shift to team dynamics and team skill building

Move away from traditional workflows with visit basis or clinical focus toward team awareness and optimization

Reorganize data to discover variance in team performance and spend efforts to understand reasons around variance

Focus more on outcome as opposed to process

Stage 3 PCMH

Recognizing the value of the customer

Understanding patterns of use and non use are instructive and are comments on the ease, effectiveness and satisfaction with your larger system

Adding infrastructure to learn directly from the customer base, more than just advisory or focus groups

Stage 4 PCMH

Data modeling for pattern recognition as a tool/strategy 

Segmenting costs and work volume by methods other than disease

Adding new methods of intervention to address variance within new segments

Reorganizing workforce to more effectively manage newly exposed performance gaps

Stage 5 PCMH

Using previously identified patterns to trigger smart systems that suggest best approach or plan

Incorporating these smart systems into infrastructure available to both consumers and staff

Stage 6 PCMH

Health is a longitudinal journey• Across decades• In a social, religious,  family context

• Highly influenced by values, beliefs, habits, and many ‘outside’ voices.

Office visits are brief, reactive stop‐gaps

Hospitalizations are brief, intense interruptionsMUST  fix basic, underlying primary care platform first or nothing else will work well

Reality

We are a Service Industry – NOT a product industry –coaching, teaching, partnering are central – pills and procedures supportive

Changes what we think we do, who we hire, how we train, how we structure, how we reward, and how entire system is constructed as a system.

We must optimize relationship – personal, trusting, accountable – minimize barriers

Purpose of Primary Care

Unquestioning belief in the medical model and professionalism

Firm basis in science, technology, industrial manufacturing models, body as physical

Many people making a whole lot of money in current system – as independent pieces

Current system allows/supports/rewards independence and entrepreneurial thinking – no common purpose, framework, principles

Very weak workforce and management theory, knowledge, skill in healthcare

Challenges 

Unfriendly and rude staff

Guinea pig for new doctorsCustomers waited for everything

• Long waits for scheduled appointments

• Four‐ to six‐hour waits common Long waits on phone, pharmacy, everywhere

Inconsistent treatment 

Risky place to go

The Drive to Change 

Customers frustrated – waiting, impersonal, paternalistic, crowded, unfriendly

Clinical staff frustrated – too many people, not enough time, no personal relationships, too many demands

Management frustrated – lots of unhappy people, hard to motivate staff, poor financial performance, challenging facilities

Everyone Was Frustrated …

Government recognized that:

If the people receiving the health service are involved in the decision making processes, better yet, if they own their own health care – programs and services have a potential for enhancement and the people and their health statistics will improve. 

Indian Self‐Determination and Education Assistance Act 1975

Alaska Native people were given this choice and we chose to assume the responsibility for our own health care

• Change everything

• Total redesign

• With our choices and values

Our Choice

Southcentral Foundation uses the term customer‐owner instead of: 

• Patient

• Client 

• Customer 

Customer‐owner

Mission, Vision and Key Points

Relationships across the organization

Customer‐owner input 

Strategic Planning Key Improvements 

LinkagesEVERYTHING TIES TOGETHER!

Our vision

Shared Responsibility

Operational Principles

Core Concepts

Board of Directors

Role model

National, regional and local partners

Functional Committee Structure

Leadership Key Improvements

Core Concepts Training Three‐day training, ALL employees

Led by SCF President/CEO

Build and sustain healthy relationships

How we impact others

How to articulate story from your heart

Partnered with Society for Organizational Learning to develop

Core Concepts

Work together in relationship to learn and grow

Encourage understanding 

L istenwith an open mind 

Laugh and enjoy humor throughout the day

Notice the dignity and value of ourselves and others

Engage others with compassion 

Share our stories and our hearts 

Strive to honor and respect ourselves and others

Governing board

Advisory committees

Elders Council

Focus Groups

Annual Gathering

24‐ hour hotline

Community gatherings

Personal interaction with employees

Satisfaction surveys

Comment cards

Customer FocusKey Improvements 

Interview /Hiring

Onboarding (ASTP, etc)

Leadership development

Development Center

Career Ladders

Job Progressions

Employee Wellness

Workforce FocusKey Improvements 

Training center  

Annual reorientation – reaffirm core philosophy (online & manager led components)

All staff meeting (annually) 

• CEO led session 

• Peer teaching on topics chosen by employees 

Departments of learning based on workforce competencies

• More than 150 course offerings 

• Partnership with university to award college credits 

• Partner with other learning organizations to develop trainings 

• Courses designed on adult learning theories including experiential learning 

• Instructional designers partner with subject matter experts to develop training 

Internships (RN, Behavioral health clinicians)

Scholarship program 

Development Center

Traditional Healers – Tribal Doctors

Complementary Medicine –Chiropractors, Massage Therapists, Acupuncture

Behavioral Health Redesign

Facilities and work areas 

Family Wellness Warriors Initiative

Operations FocusKey Improvements 

Microsystem Optimization ‐teams• Primary Care: Physician, RN, Certified Medical Assistant, 

CM Support, Behaviorist, Dietician, Pharmacist, office redesign

• Behavioral Health teams: Physician, Master Level Therapist, Case Manager 

• Human Resources teams: HR Generalist and Assistants –Same day service, etc.

Home Health, Nutaqsiivik, Waiver Care Coordination, Home Visiting Physician

Operations FocusKey Improvements 

Data and MeasurementKey Improvements

Multiple levels

Mission, Vision, Key Points

Data experts

Data and sharing story

Data Mall

Information to Knowledge

% Employees with Current Annual Disaster Tng

53

74

94 98 100

0

50

100

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

%

SCF Industry Best (100%)

No longer a hero but a partner• Control does not equal compliance

• Replace blaming with understanding

• Give customer options, not orders

• Provide customer with resources

• Make it simple

Health care provider changes 

Be active, not passive

Take responsibility for your health

Get information about your health

Ask questions about advice

Ask for options

Customer‐owner changes 

Core Concepts – WELLNESS 

Role model 

Willingness to share story 

Willingness to hear story 

Admit mistakes 

Leadership Changes

Who really makes the decisions?

Hitting Target: Rock vs. Bird

Low Highcomplexity - variables

Complexity

Low

High

Cer

tain

ty o

rA

gre

emen

t

Protocols & Stds

ChaosExperimenting

Get together and have dialogues

An allowing/positive environment

Multidimensionalimprovements with target

focus Creativity

Approach to improvement

PCP – primary care provider ‐MD, DO, NP/PA Nurse Case Manager Case Management Support Certified Medical Assistants

Behaviorists and Dieticians Pharmacist (partially implemented) Nurse Midwife (partially implemented) Coverage NP/PA/CM’s  Co‐located Psych  Coders, data entry, etc

The Integrated Care Team

Wellness Care Plans for the highest utilizing 5% ‐facilitated by BHC’s and placed in the E.H.R to drive whole system behavior

Co‐Located Psychiatrist and MH care coordination for long term co‐management of CMI population, pain, addictions

Data Mall – Revitalization/Full Transparency

Redesigned Behavioral Health – Learning Circles, Tribal Doctors, FWWI

IA/IS Capability

Service Level Agreements

ICT Current Work

Information to Knowledge

% Employees with Current Annual Disaster Tng

53

74

94 98 100

0

50

100

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

%

SCF Industry Best (100%)

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Year

Num

ber

of

Vis

its

Day per 1000 Night per 1000

Better

Alaska Native ownership begins

Anchorage Area PatientVisits to ER/Urgent Care Per 1000

Beginning in 2008 Benchmarking to HEDIS 

Emergency Department Utilization

42.7631.71 26.61 27.57

48.6 47.538.4

0

50

100

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Jun14

Visits per 1000

Emergency Dept Visits per 1000 Member Months

SCF 2013 HEDIS 10th Percentile (44.6)

2011 ‐12 increase due to EHR registration changes

Better

Excludes Newborns and Delivery Moms and Length of Stay must be more than 1 day

Anchorage Area PatientsAdmits per 1000

p

40

50

60

70

80

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Year

Num

ber

of

Adm

its

Admts per 1000

Better

Alaska Native ownership begins

5.72 5.98 5.73 6.10

8.507.40 6.80

0

5

10

15

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Jun14

Disch

arges per 1000

Total Inpt Discharges per 1000 Member Months

SCF 2013 HEDIS 10th Percentile (5.88)

2011 ‐12 increase due to EHR registration changes

Better

Inpatient Utilization

Beginning in 2008 Benchmarking to HEDIS 

Questions?

Thank You!

QaĝaasakungAleut

QuyanaqInupiaq

Háw'aa Haida

‘Awa'ahdahEyak

Mahsi'Gwich’in Athabascan

IgamsiqanaghhalekSiberian Yupik

Tsin'aenAhtna Athabascan

T’oyaxsmTsimshian

GunalchéeshTlingit

QuyanaYup’ik

Chin’anDena’ina Athabascan

QuyanaaAlutiiq