krashen-affective filter hypothesis

8/4/2019 Krashen-Affective Filter Hypothesis

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ELT METHODOLOGY:

Affective Filter Hypothesis

SITI HAJAR MUHAMAD AZMI

NUR ADIBAH ROSLIN


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Do you ever

experience this

situation?


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Definition

'a mental block, caused by affective factors ... that

prevents input from reaching the language

acquisition device' (Krashen, 1985, p.100)

""Affective Filter" is the term Stephen Krashen hasused to refer to the complex of negative emotional

and motivational factors that may interfere with the

reception and processing of comprehensible input.

Such factors include: anxiety, self-consciousness,

boredom, annoyance, alienation, and so forth.


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Definition

The affective filter is a screen of emotion that can

block language acquisition or learning if it keeps the

users from being too self-conscious or too

embarrassed to take risks during communicativeexchanges.

The term "affective filter" refers to the level of

anxiety, level of fear or frustration that a student

experiences when confronted with a learning task.


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It is an imaginary wall that is placed

between a learner and language input.

If the filter is on, the learner is blocking

out input. When it is off, due to a relaxed

environment, acquisition will occur.

The filter is influenced by emotional

variables that can prevent learning.


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When isthe filterturns on?

Highanxiety

Low self-esteem

Lowmotivation

No selfconfidence


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How to maintain low affective

filters in classroom? We do not require students to perform when they are not

ready and willing to do so. We never make our students feel

awkward or self-conscious by putting them on the spot.

We use authentic materials -- feature movies, newspapers

and magazines, popular fiction, etc. -- rather than ESL

textbooks and the like.

Teachers function as partners and mentors (positive roles) but

not as testers and judges (negative roles). This helps prevent

feelings of alienation and hostility toward teachers.


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Application for teaching

In any aspect of education it is always important tocreate a safe, welcoming environment in whichstudents can learn.

In language education this may be especially importantsince in order to take in and produce language,learners need to feel that they are able to makemistakes and take risks.

The optimal classroom for language learning andproduction is a classroom that encourages risk-taking

in language production and views errors as a naturalprogression of language learning. When placed in asafe and affirming environment, many students willblossom and grow in their language development!!


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So,how high is your filter?

High filter

Low filter


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... our pedagogical goals should not only include

supplying comprehensible input, but also creating a

situation that encourages a low filter ... The input

hypothesis and the concept of the Affective Filterdefine the language teacher in a new way. The

effective language teacher is someone who can

provide input and help make it comprehensible in a

low anxiety situation. (Krashen, Principles andPractice, p.32)


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References

http://bogglesworldesl.com/glossary/affective

filter.htm

http://www2.education.ualberta.ca/staff/olen

ka.bilash/Best%20of%20Bilash/krashen.html

http://www.sk.com.br/sk-krash.html

http://languageinstinct.blogspot.com/2006/0

8/krashen-revolution.html
http://bogglesworldesl.com/glossary/affectivefilter.htmhttp://bogglesworldesl.com/glossary/affectivefilter.htmhttp://www2.education.ualberta.ca/staff/olenka.bilash/Best%20of%20Bilash/krashen.htmlhttp://www2.education.ualberta.ca/staff/olenka.bilash/Best%20of%20Bilash/krashen.htmlhttp://www.sk.com.br/sk-krash.htmlhttp://languageinstinct.blogspot.com/2006/08/krashen-revolution.htmlhttp://languageinstinct.blogspot.com/2006/08/krashen-revolution.htmlhttp://languageinstinct.blogspot.com/2006/08/krashen-revolution.htmlhttp://languageinstinct.blogspot.com/2006/08/krashen-revolution.htmlhttp://languageinstinct.blogspot.com/2006/08/krashen-revolution.htmlhttp://languageinstinct.blogspot.com/2006/08/krashen-revolution.htmlhttp://www.sk.com.br/sk-krash.htmlhttp://www.sk.com.br/sk-krash.htmlhttp://www.sk.com.br/sk-krash.htmlhttp://www2.education.ualberta.ca/staff/olenka.bilash/Best%20of%20Bilash/krashen.htmlhttp://www2.education.ualberta.ca/staff/olenka.bilash/Best%20of%20Bilash/krashen.htmlhttp://bogglesworldesl.com/glossary/affectivefilter.htmhttp://bogglesworldesl.com/glossary/affectivefilter.htm

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