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AIRFIELD PAVEMENT MANAGEMENT REPORT
JOHNSON COUNTY EXECUTIVE AIRPORT
Prepared for the
KANSAS DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Topeka, KS
May 2013
COPYRIGHT © 2013 BURNS & McDONNELL ENGINEERING COMPAN Y, INC.
Airfield Pavement Management Report
prepared for the
Kansas Department of Transportation
and the
Johnson County Executive Airport Olathe, KS
May 2013
prepared by
Alfred Benesch & Co. Manhattan, KS
With
Burns & McDonnell Engineering Company, Inc.
Kansas City, Missouri
And
Roy D. McQueen & Associates, Ltd. Chantilly, VA
COPYRIGHT © 2013 BURNS & McDONNELL ENGINEERING COMPANY, INC.
Airfield Pavement Management Report Olathe, KS
Kansas Department of Transportation TOC-1 May 2013
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page No.
1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 OVERVIEW OF KANSAS AVIATION......................................................................... 1-1 1.2 PAVEMENT CONDITION INDEX INSPECTIONS .................................................... 1-2 1.3 JOHNSON COUNTY EXECUTIVE AIRPORT ............................................................ 1-3
2.0 JOHNSON COUNTY EXECUTIVE AIRPORT PAVEMENT ............................. 2-1 2.1 PAVEMENT INVENTORY ........................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 PAVEMENT CONDITION SURVEY ........................................................................... 2-3 2.2.1 RUNWAY 18-36 ............................................................................................................. 2-6 2.2.2 TAXIWAYS A AND B ................................................................................................... 2-7 2.2.3 CONNECTING TAXIWAYS ......................................................................................... 2-8 2.2.4 APRONS .......................................................................................................................... 2-9
3.0 PAVEMENT MAINTENANCE ........................................................................... 3-1 3.1 UNFUNDED PAVEMENT MAINTENANCE .............................................................. 3-1 3.2 LIMITED BUDGET FOR PAVEMENT MAINTENANCE .......................................... 3-3 3.3 UNLIMITED BUDGET FOR PAVEMENT MAINTENANCE .................................... 3-6 3.4 PROGRAM FUNDING AND PROGRAMMING .......................................................... 3-7
4.0 RECOMMENDATIONS ..................................................................................... 4-1 4.1 PAVEMENT INSPECTIONS ......................................................................................... 4-1 4.2 AIRFIELD CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT PLAN ............................................................ 4-2 APPENDIX A – PAVEMENT INVENTORY APPENDIX B – INSPECTION FORMS APPENDIX C - REFERENCES
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Airfield Pavement Management Report Olathe, KS
Kansas Department of Transportation TOC-2 May 2013
LIST OF TABLES Table No. Page No. 2.1 Branch PCI Values ........................................................................................................... 2-5 3.1 Projected PCI Condition Analysis – No Maintenance ..................................................... 3-3 3.2 Projected PCI Condition Analysis – Limited Maintenance Budget ................................ 3-4 3.3 Projected PCI Condition Analysis – Unlimited Maintenance Budget ............................. 3-6 4.1 Inspection Types and Descriptions .................................................................................. 4-1 4.2 Recommended Airport Capital Improvement Plan.......................................................... 4-2
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Airfield Pavement Management Report Olathe, KS
Kansas Department of Transportation TOC-3 May 2013
LIST OF FIGURES Figure No. Page No. 1.1 PCI Rating Scale .............................................................................................................. 1-2 2.1 Pavement Area by Branch Usage .................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 KOJC Pavement Branches ............................................................................................... 2-2 2.3 Pavement Area by Pavement Type .................................................................................. 2-3 2.4 Pavement Condition by Area ........................................................................................... 2-3 2.5 KOJC Current Pavement Conditions ............................................................................... 2-4 2.6 Condition of Runway 18-36............................................................................................. 2-6 2.7 Condition of Taxiway A .................................................................................................. 2-7 2.8 Condition of Connecting Taxiway TA2 .......................................................................... 2-8 2.9 Condition of Taxiway G .................................................................................................. 2-9 2.10 General Aviation Apron ................................................................................................. 2-10 3.1 KOJC Pavement Condition No M&R ............................................................................. 3-2 3.2 KOJC Pavement Condition Budgeted M&R ................................................................... 3-5 3.3 KOJC Pavement Condition Unconstrained M&R ........................................................... 3-8
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Airfield Pavement Management Report Olathe, KS
Kansas Department of Transportation 1-1 May 2013
1.0 INTRODUCTION
In 2011, Alfred Benesch & Company, in association with Burns & McDonnell and Roy D. McQueen and
Associates, Ltd., was retained by the Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT) to prepare a state-
wide Airport Pavement Management System (APMS). The objective of the APMS is to evaluate the
functional conditions of all airports in the State of Kansas listed in the National Plan of Integrated Airport
Systems (NPIAS). The assessment of the APMS will be summarized in a report that allows the airport
ownership as well as the State of Kansas to:
• Assess the current and projected functional condition (PCI) of pavement surfaces and
catalogue of pavement distresses
• Assess the operational effectiveness of existing pavements based on current PCI and PCI
projections
• Prioritize rehabilitation and/or maintenance needs
• Optimize timing for pavement rehabilitation projects
• Recommend pavement maintenance procedures
To achieve the objectives of the APMS, the following tasks will be performed:
• Records research
• Development of a Network Identification Drawings
• Condition Survey
• MicroPAVER and GIS implementation
• PCI Computation
• Maintenance and Rehabilitation analysis
The information contained in these reports provides guidance in planning not only local, but also state and
federal budgets for pavement asset management.
1.1 OVERVIEW OF KANSAS AVIATION Based on the Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study, the State of Kansas receives an economic benefit
from aviation of roughly $10 billion based on the value of goods and services related to the airports in the
state. Airport activity accounts for over $2 billion in wages and benefits for employees in the State of
Kansas. Based on these demographics, it is of paramount importance that the assets associated with
airports in the State of Kansas be maintained for the continued economic benefit realized by the
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Kansas Department of Transportation 1-2 May 2013
communities they serve. An Airport Pavement Management System is an excellent tool used to maintain
and monitor the pavement assets associated with the State of Kansas Aviation system.
1.2 PAVEMENT CONDITION INDEX INSPECTIONS The Alfred Benesch & Company team inspected a total of 43 NPIAS airports in the winter of 2012-2013.
These inspections captured 100% of the publically owned pavements at each of the airports inspected.
All inspections were conducted in accordance with ASTM D5340 – Standard Test Method for Airport
Pavement Condition Index Surveys. A Network Identification Drawings was developed to organize the
airport pavements into the following:
• Branches – A single entity. Typically branches are categorized as runway, taxiway, or apron. As an example, Runway 18-36 is categorized as a branch.
• Sections – A section is within a branch. Typically, a section is part of a branch and is separated based on perceived traffic, construction history, types, etc. For example, the first 1,000 feet of a runway could be considered a separate traffic area.
• Sample Units – A sample unit is a subdivision of a section. For asphalt concrete pavements, a sample unit is 5,000 contiguous square feet (±2,000 square feet). For Portland cement concrete pavements, a sample unit is 20 contiguous slabs (±8 slabs).
Based upon the Network Identification drawing, all sample units for each pavement section were
inspected. The inspection catalogues the types, severity, quantity, and location of the distresses in order
to provide the State and the airport owner an accurate location of each pavement defect. The inspection
results were entered in MicroPAVER™ to compute the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) and rate the
pavements. The PCI rating scale used for this program is shown in Figure 1.1.
Color PCI Value Description 100-86 Good 85-71 Satisfactory 70-56 Fair 55-41 Poor 40-26 Very Poor 25-11 Serious 10-0 Failed
Figure 1.1: PCI Rating Scale
The scale presented in Figure 1.1 is the default scale provided by the ASTM D5340. This scale was used
for clarity of usage and ease of data transfer to airport owners and the KDOT.
Airfield Pavement Management Report Olathe, KS
Kansas Department of Transportation 1-3 May 2013
1.3 JOHNSON COUNTY EXECUTIVE AIRPORT Johnson County Executive Airport (OJC) is located approximately four miles southeast of Olathe in
central Johnson County in northeast Kansas. Weather conditions in the area are typical of the central
plains. Typically, the area experiences hot summers with average highs at 88 degrees, cold winters with
average highs at 40 degrees, and moderate annual precipitation of approximately 41 inches. The typical
frost penetration is approximately 30 inches.
The airport features one paved runway. Runway 18-36 is the Portland cement concrete paved and
primary runway. It is 4,098’ x 75’ and rated for 12,500lb Single Wheeled Gear (SWG) aircraft. Taxiway
A is parallel to Runway 18-36 on the west side of the runway and has five connecting taxiways. Taxiway
A provides direct access to the West 2 apron and general aviation parking. Taxiway B is parallel to
Runway 18-36 for approximately three-quarters of the length of the runway on the east side of the runway
and has six connecting taxiways. Taxiway C is on the north end of the airfield and connects Taxiway B
to the East 1 apron. Taxiway D and Taxiway E connect Taxiway B to the East 2 and 3 aprons. Taxiway
F intersects with Runway 18-36 and Taxiways A and B and provides direct access to the East 3 and 4 T-
Hangars (north and south of Taxiway F, respectively). Taxiway G intersects with Runway 18-36 and
Taxiways A and B and provides direct access to the West 3 T-Hangars. Taxiways H and J are short
connecting taxiways that provide access from Runway 18-36 to Taxiways B and A, respectively.
One known previous pavement inspection has been conducted at OJC. The inspection was conducted on
December 21, 2005. The result of that inspection was a Pavement Maintenance Program. At that time, a
PCI calculation was not in the scope of the project. The document fulfilled the grant obligation as
required by the Federal Aviation Administration for federally funded projects.
According to the Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study, the Johnson County Executive Airport
contributes 377 total jobs and a total economic activity of just over $36.6 million. The airport is
considered a Business airport and accommodates local business activities and general aviation users.
Pavement management is integral to the continued maintenance of the infrastructure at OJC in order for
the commercial service that uses the airport to have continuing support within the community.
The Johnson County Executive Airport was also part of the Airport System Plan prepared by the Kansas
Department of Transportation. This project provided recommended development costs for the airport,
and pavement maintenance is included within the anticipated mid-term and long-term budgets of the
airport. According to the system plan, the activity forecast for the airport is anticipated to increase
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Kansas Department of Transportation 1-4 May 2013
steadily over the analysis period, thus providing justification for increased pavement management. The
following sections provide the current pavement conditions and recommendations for further pavement
improvements at the airport.
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2.0 JOHNSON COUNTY EXECUTIVE AIRPORT PAVEMENT
2.1 PAVEMENT INVENTORY A detailed pavement inventory is provided in Appendix A of this report. This inventory provides details
regarding each pavement branch’s general dimensions, structural type and section, age of structure (if
known), drainage features, pavement usage, pavement strength (per current published documentation),
priority, and any miscellaneous information. An aerial image of the existing pavement branches is
illustrated in Figure 2.2.
The pavements at OJC were divided into branches, sections, and sample units in accordance with ASTM
D 5340. Approximately 2,076,600 square feet of pavement was inspected at the airport. Figure 2.1
shows the distribution of pavement usages by branch and Figure 2.3 shows the distribution of pavement
types.
Figure 2.1: Pavement Area by Branch Usage
Airfield Pavement Management Report Olathe, KS
Kansas Department of Transportation 2-2 May 2013
Airfield Pavement Management Report Olathe, KS
Kansas Department of Transportation 2-3 May 2013
Figure 2.3: Pavement Area by Pavement Type
2.2 PAVEMENT CONDITION SURVEY An inspection of the pavement systems at Johnson County Executive Airport was conducted on March 7,
2013. The inspection covered all relevant areas including aprons, taxiways, and runways. All distresses
were recorded into the MicroPAVER™ software to compute the most current Pavement Condition Index
(PCI). Currently, 71% of the pavement area inspected is considered to be in fair or better condition as
illustrated in Figure 2.4.
Figure 2.4: Pavement Condition by Area
An aerial photo with the pavement condition of each pavement section is provided in Figure 2.5, and the
breakdown of each branch’s weighted PCI is identified in Table 2.1.
Airfield Pavement Management Report Olathe, KS
Kansas Department of Transportation 2-4 May 2013
Airfield Pavement Management Report Olathe, KS
Kansas Department of Transportation 2-5 May 2013
Branch ID Usage Weighted Average PCI
AA Apron 70
AB Apron 73
AC Apron 92
AD Apron 60
AE Apron 17
HB Holding Bay 81
R18 Runway 18-36 83
T1 Taxiway 82
TA Taxiway A 84
TA1 Taxiway A-1 69
TA2 Taxiway A-2 70
TB Taxiway B 58
TB1 Taxiway B-1 78
TB2 Taxiway B-2 63
TC Taxiway C 61
TD Taxiway D 75
TE Taxiway E 61
TF1 Taxiway F-1 84
TF2 Taxiway F-2 69
TF3 Taxiway F-3 60
TG1 Taxiway G-1 65
TG2 Taxiway G-2 78
TG3 Taxiway G-3 72
TH Taxiway H 74
TJ Taxiway J 73
TL1 Taxilane 1 4
TL2 Taxilane 2 15
TL3 Taxilane 3 66
Table 2.1: Branch PCI Values
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Kansas Department of Transportation 2-6 May 2013
The following paragraphs provide a general description of the branches inspected at Johnson County
Executive Airport. Some of the distresses encountered during the inspection were archived in the
following photographs of this report. The following photos are in no way a comprehensive library of all
distresses located in the pavement sections, but rather a set of photographs providing a sample of
distresses common to the pavement elements at Johnson County Executive Airport. For more guidance
on distress identification and maintenance, it is suggested that the reader reference the American Society
for Testing and Materials (ASTM) section D 5340-11 – Standard Test Method for Airport Pavement
Condition Surveys and FAA Advisory Circular 150/5380-6B – Guidelines and Procedures for
Maintenance of Airport Pavements.
2.2.1 Runway 18-36 Runway 18-36 currently features a Portland cement concrete pavement surface. In 1996, the runway was
reconstructed to a Portland cement concrete pavement structure with a 5 inch surface layer thickness. A
photo of Runway 18-36 and its condition at the time of inspection is illustrated in Figure 2.6.
Figure 2.6: Condition of Runway 18-36
Airfield Pavement Management Report Olathe, KS
Kansas Department of Transportation 2-7 May 2013
2.2.2 Taxiways A and B The Taxiway A branch consists of a Portland cement concrete pavement section that was constructed in
1997. A photo of Taxiway A and its condition at the time of inspection is shown in Figure 2.7. Taxiway
B consists of an asphalt concrete pavement section and the pavement section thickness is unknown. It
should be noted that Taxiway B did not have construction history available; therefore, the MicroPAVER
program was used to calculate the last estimated construction date. If future information becomes
available, the MicroPAVER database should be updated.
Figure 2.7: Condition of Taxiway A
Airfield Pavement Management Report Olathe, KS
Kansas Department of Transportation 2-8 May 2013
2.2.3 Connecting Taxiways These branches include the Connecting Taxiways T1, TA1, TA2, TB1, TB2, C, D, E, F, G, H, and J as
well as Taxilanes TL1, TL2, and TL3. Connectors TA1, TA2, F, G, and J connect Taxiway A to Runway
18-36. Connectors TA1 and TA2 were rehabilitated with 2-inches of asphalt in 1999 and connectors F,
G, and J were each rehabilitated in 1996 with 2-inches of asphalt. Connectors TB1, TB2, F, G, and H
connect Taxiway B to Runway 18-36. Connectors TB1 and TB2 were rehabilitated with 2 inches of
asphalt in 1996. Connectors F, G, and H were also rehabilitated in 1996 with 2 inches of asphalt.
Taxiway C connects Taxiway B to the East 1 apron and features and asphalt pavement sections with an
unknown surface layer thickness. Taxiways D and E connect Taxiway B to the East 2 apron and both
feature asphalt pavement sections with unknown surface layer thicknesses. Taxilanes TL1, TL2, and TL3
all consist of asphalt pavement sections. TL1 had a slurry seal applied in 2000 and TL3 had a slurry seal
applied in 2009; however, all of the taxilanes have unknown surface layer thicknesses. It should be noted
that connectors C, D, E; portions of F, G, and H; J and TL1, TL2, and TL3 did not have construction
history available; therefore, the MicroPAVER program was used to calculate the last estimated
construction date. If future information becomes available, the MicroPAVER database should be
updated. The condition at the time of inspection of a connecting taxiway is shown in Figure 2.8 and an
overall photo Taxiway G is given in Figure 2.9.
Figure 2.8: Condition of Connecting Taxiway TA2
Airfield Pavement Management Report Olathe, KS
Kansas Department of Transportation 2-9 May 2013
Figure 2.9: Condition of Taxiway G
2.2.4 Aprons All of the aprons at Johnson County Executive are for general aviation use. Apron AA is located adjacent
to both Taxiway A and T1. AA features various pavement sections, all consisting of asphalt. The eastern
35 feet of the apron (Section 2) consists of 2 inches of asphalt constructed in 1999. It should be noted
that the remaining sections of Apron AA (Sections 1, 3, and 4) did not have construction history
available; therefore the MicroPAVER program was used to calculate the last estimated construction date.
If future information becomes available, the MicroPAVER database should be updated.
Apron AB is located adjacent to the southwest half of Taxiway T1 and features two different asphalt
pavement sections of unknown thicknesses. Apron AC is located in the northwest corner of the airfield
and also features an asphalt concrete pavement section of unknown thickness. Apron AD is located in the
northeast corner of the airfield and features an asphalt concrete pavement section. A majority of AD had
a slurry seal applied in 2009. Apron AE consists of both asphalt and Portland cement concrete pavement
sections. The east asphalt portion had a slurry seal applied in 2009. It should be noted that Aprons AB,
AC, AD, and AE did not have construction history available; therefore the MicroPAVER program was
used to calculate the last estimated construction date. If future information becomes available, the
MicroPAVER database should be updated.
The last pavement area considered to be an apron is branch HB, a holding bay located at the south end of
Taxiway A and Runway 18-36. This branch consists of both asphalt and Portland cement concrete
pavement sections and both have unknown thicknesses. It should be noted that HB did not have
Airfield Pavement Management Report Olathe, KS
Kansas Department of Transportation 2-10 May 2013
construction history available; therefore the MicroPAVER program was used to calculate the last
estimated construction date. If future information becomes available, the MicroPAVER database should
be updated. A photo of the general aviation apron and its condition at the time of inspection, as well as
the transition of sections, is shown in Figure 2.10.
Figure 2.10: General Aviation Apron
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Airfield Pavement Management Report Olathe, KS
Kansas Department of Transportation 3-1 May 2013
3.0 PAVEMENT MAINTENANCE
Several scenarios were examined to address any anticipated major rehabilitation or maintenance tasks
necessary to help Johnson County Executive Airport maintain pavement. The scenarios presented herein
include the following assumptions:
• Any maintenance and rehabilitation plan begins from the date of this report for a length of 5 years.
• There is only one budget for all maintenance and rehabilitation.
• The MicroPAVER™ defined defaults for maintenance and rehabilitation are adequate for this program.
• An inflation rate of 2.1% is applied to any future work
3.1 UNFUNDED PAVEMENT MAINTENANCE The first scenario examined for Johnson County Executive Airport involves predicting the resultant PCI
values of those pavement sections inspected if no maintenance or rehabilitation is performed over the next
5-year period. A figurative representation of the condition presented in the year 2017 is included in
Figure 3.1. As the figure displays, a significant drop off in pavement condition is anticipated when no
maintenance or rehabilitation is performed. Table 3.1 provides a yearly examination of each branch’s PCI
value if no maintenance work is performed.
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Kansas Department of Transportation 3-2 May 2013
Airfield Pavement Management Report Olathe, KS
Kansas Department of Transportation 3-3 May 2013
Branch ID 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
AA 69 68 67 65 64 AB 73 72 71 70 68 AC 92 91 91 90 90 AD 59 57 56 54 52 AE 16 12 9 7 7 HB 81 80 79 78 77 R18 83 82 81 80 79 T1 93 92 91 91 90 TA 84 83 82 81 80 TA1 69 66 64 62 60 TA2 70 68 65 63 61 TB 57 56 54 52 50 TB1 78 77 75 74 73 TB2 62 60 58 56 54 TC 60 59 57 55 54 TD 75 74 73 72 71 TE 61 59 57 56 54 TF1 83 82 81 80 79 TF2 68 66 64 62 61 TF3 59 57 56 54 52 TG1 65 63 62 60 59 TG2 78 77 75 74 73 TG3 71 69 68 66 64 TH 73 71 70 68 67 TJ 73 71 69 68 66
TL1 3 2 1 0 0 TL2 14 12 10 8 7 TL3 65 64 62 61 60
Table 3.1: Projected PCI Condition Analysis – No Maintenance
3.2 LIMITED BUDGET FOR PAVEMENT MAINTENANCE The limited budget scenario included limiting the budget for maintenance and rehabilitation to $165,000
per calendar year. This number includes using all of the anticipated FAA entitlement funding ($150,000)
plus an airport sponsor’s typical 10% contribution ($15,000).
Airfield Pavement Management Report Olathe, KS
Kansas Department of Transportation 3-4 May 2013
Using the PAVER™ modeling software, a figurative representation of the condition presented in the year
2017 under this scenario is included in Figure 3.2. Table 3.2, provides a yearly examination of each
branch’s PCI value for a limited maintenance budget.
Branch ID 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
AA 69 68 67 65 64 AB 73 72 71 70 68 AC 92 91 91 90 90 AD 59 57 56 54 52 AE 16 12 9 7 7 HB 81 80 79 78 77 R18 83 82 81 80 79 T1 93 92 91 91 90 TA 84 83 82 81 80 TA1 69 66 64 62 60 TA2 70 68 65 63 61 TB 57 56 54 52 50 TB1 78 77 75 74 73 TB2 62 60 58 56 54 TC 60 59 57 55 54 TD 75 74 73 72 71 TE 61 59 57 56 54 TF1 83 82 81 80 79 TF2 68 66 64 62 61 TF3 59 57 56 54 52 TG1 65 63 62 60 59 TG2 78 77 75 74 73 TG3 71 69 68 66 64 TH 73 71 70 68 67 TJ 73 71 69 68 66
TL1 3 2 1 0 0 TL2 14 12 10 8 7 TL3 65 64 62 61 60
Table 3.2: Projected PCI Condition Analysis – Limited Maintenance Budget
Regarding limited budget maintenance; a number of items of note can be taken from this analysis. Please
also note the minimal changes in majority of the pavement branches. This will require considerable funds
to increase the PCI value.
Airfield Pavement Management Report Olathe, KS
Kansas Department of Transportation 3-5 May 2013
Airfield Pavement Management Report Olathe, KS
Kansas Department of Transportation 3-6 May 2013
3.3 UNLIMITED BUDGET FOR PAVEMENT MAINTENANCE The unlimited budget scenario includes allowing all necessary pavement maintenance and rehabilitation
goals to be met assuming there is no restraint on a Federal, State, or Local government level funding.
Using the PAVER™ modeling software, a figurative representation of the condition presented in the year
2017 under this scenario is included in Figure 3.3. Table 3.3 provides a yearly examination of each
branch’s PCI value for an unlimited budget scenario.
Branch ID 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
AA 98 96 93 91 89 AB 96 95 93 92 91 AC 92 92 91 91 91 AD 69 68 66 65 99 AE 100 97 94 91 88 HB 82 82 81 80 79 R18 83 82 81 80 79 T1 94 93 92 91 90 TA 84 83 82 81 80 TA1 94 92 90 87 85 TA2 74 72 70 68 66 TB 88 86 83 81 79 TB1 81 79 78 77 75 TB2 84 82 79 77 75 TC 96 93 90 88 85 TD 77 76 75 74 73 TE 64 63 61 100 97 TF1 86 85 84 82 81 TF2 85 83 81 79 77 TF3 94 91 88 86 83 TG1 68 66 65 64 62 TG2 81 79 78 77 76 TG3 75 73 71 70 68 TH 76 75 73 72 70 TJ 76 74 73 92 90
TL1 100 97 94 91 88 TL2 100 97 94 91 88 TL3 81 79 77 75 85
Table 3.3: Projected PCI Condition Analysis – Unlimited Maintenance Budget
Airfield Pavement Management Report Olathe, KS
Kansas Department of Transportation 3-7 May 2013
Using the unlimited maintenance budget scenario allows the user to coordinate potential priorities based
on the location of the anticipated major repair work to be conducted on a pavement section. In this
instance, the repair work includes reconstruction on Apron AE and a few taxilanes. Subsequently, most
of the remaining asphalt concrete pavement at the airport would undergo repair work during the
upcoming 5-year period.
3.4 PROGRAM FUNDING AND PROGRAMMING The Johnson County Executive Airport is funded by user fees, agricultural leasing, and fuel revenues.
Available funds are limited, and the cost of most repairs may exceed the revenue generated by the airport.
Any future repairs are recommended to follow a combination of the limited and unlimited budget
scenarios to prioritize future maintenance and rehabilitation projects.
Airfield Pavement Management Report Olathe, KS
Kansas Department of Transportation 3-8 May 2013
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Airfield Pavement Management Report Olathe, KS
Kansas Department of Transportation 4-1 May 2013
4.0 RECOMMENDATIONS
The following recommendations are based on the existing pavement conditions at Johnson County
Executive Airport. All recommendations are based on maintaining pavement condition at the airport and
do not consider other potentially critical maintenance projects involving lighting, pavement marking, etc.
4.1 PAVEMENT INSPECTIONS The Airport Manager, Airport Maintenance Staff, or other qualified personnel designated by the Airport
Manager, will complete the Johnson County Executive Airport pavement inspections on a regular basis.
All inspections should be properly recorded and kept on file with the Airport Manager. As a result, the
inspection schedule, as illustrated in Table 4.1, has been established for the Johnson County Executive
Airport.
Inspection Type Description
Daily Basic pavement review. Observe Foreign Object Damage (FOD) debris or rodent issues that may present a safety issue.
Weekly
Included as part of the overall pavement remediation program and as limited by the annual maintenance budget. These weekly inspections need not be as thorough as monthly inspections, but should contain notes on areas of frequent pavement distresses.
Monthly Review of pavements and implementation of pavement remediation program as limited by the annual maintenance budget. One pavement branch shall be thoroughly inspected.
Yearly
Comprehensive review of the observations and remediation performed from the most recent fiscal year and the expenditures incurred. Also a review of previous fiscal years and the completed remediation and general upkeep performed.
Table 4.1: Inspection Types and Descriptions
According to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Advisory Circular 150/5380-6B, in Appendix
A, “Trained personnel must perform a detailed inspection of the airport pavements at least once a year. If
a history of recorded pavement deterioration in the form of a Pavement Condition Index (PCI) survey as
set forth in ASTM D 5340, Standard Test Method for Airport Pavement Condition Index Surveys, is
available, the frequency of inspections may be extended to 3 years.” (A-2 Inspection Schedule, Paragraph
a.) Drive-by inspections should be performed at least once a month to detect any unusual or drastic
Airfield Pavement Management Report Olathe, KS
Kansas Department of Transportation 4-2 May 2013
changes in pavement conditions. Additional inspection report forms can be found in Appendix B of this
report and are recommended to be used to file any findings from inspections performed on the airport.
4.2 AIRFIELD CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT PLAN A number of factors are considered in developing an airfield capital improvement plan (ACIP) for each
airport. These factors include, but are not limited to, budgetary concerns, airport master plan
recommendations, existing infrastructure conditions, and public demand at the airport.
The following table provides a recommendation of an ACIP over the next 5 years that includes pavement
maintenance goals and costs. Table 4.2 is in no way meant to supersede those recommendations provided
by the KASP. However, the purpose of this plan is to focus solely on pavement condition and the costs to
maintain that condition at an acceptable level.
Year/ Maintenance Item Cost Anticipated Source of Funding
2013 Airfield Pavement Repairs/Maintenance $50,000 City Funds
2014 Reconstruction of West T-Hangar (Construction)
$2,002,242 FAA / City Funds
Taxiway Lighting Remove & Replacement &Vault Upgrades
$972,125 FAA / City Funds
East Apron Reconstruction (Design) $151,695 FAA / City Funds 2015
East Apron Reconstruction (Construction) $1,572,114 FAA/City Funds TW F Mill & Overlay $527,949 FAA/City Funds
2016 TW D & E Mill & Overlay $308,076 FAA/City Funds
2017 SE T-Hangars Mill & Overlay $658,302 FAA/City Funds NE Apron: Reconstruct $1,524,574 FAA/City Funds TW B: Re-align Existing TW (Design) $239,263 FAA/City Funds
Table 4.2: Recommended Airport Capital Improvement Plan Notes:
1. This table was derived based on 2013 estimated costs for materials, labor, and installation/repairs. These figures do not include design or construction services.
2. These figures represent only budgetary estimates and should be re-examined prior to any repairs.
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APPENDIX A – PAVEMENT INVENTORY
A-1
APPENDIX A - PAVEMENT INVENTORY
PAVEMENT BRANCH RUNWAY R18 (Runway 18-36)
Dimensions: 4,098 Feet Long by 75 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Rigid
Pavement Surface Material: Portland Cement Concrete
Pavement Structure: Runway 18-36
1. 5 inch PCC (P-501) (1996)
2. 8 inch Recycled Aggregate Base Course (P-207) (1996)
3. 9 inch ± Base Rock
Drainage Features: D-705 Graded Backfill Material with 4” Perforated PVC Pipe
Pavement Use: Primary Runway
Pavement Strength: 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous: Panels are 12.5’ x 12.5’. Numerous patches were performed along the runway in 2011.
PAVEMENT BRANCH TAXIWAY TA (Taxiway A)
Dimensions: 4,100 Feet Long by 35 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Rigid
Pavement Surface Material: Portland Cement Concrete
Pavement Structure: 1. 5 inch PCC (P-501) (1997)
2. 9 inch AC (P-401) (Unknown)
3. 6 inch Gravel (P-154) (Unknown)
Drainage Features: Crowned Pavement/Underdrains on East Side
Pavement Use: Parallel Taxiway to Primary Runway
Pavement Strength: 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous:
A-2
PAVEMENT BRANCH TAXIWAY TB (Taxiway B)
Dimensions: 3,000 Feet Long by 40 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Flexible
Pavement Surface Material: Asphalt Concrete
Pavement Structure: 1. 4 inch AC (P-401) (Unknown)
2. 9 inch Crushed Gravel (P-154) (Unknown)
Drainage Features: No Apparent Subsurface Drainage
Pavement Use: Parallel Taxiway to Primary Runway
Pavement Strength: 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous: Pavement structure estimated from TW A cores. No documents exist regarding TB pavement.
Taxiway widens to 60 feet in the northern 400 feet of pavement.
PAVEMENT BRANCH TAXIWAY TC (Taxiway C)
Dimensions: 245 Feet Long by 35 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Flexible
Pavement Surface Material: Asphalt Concrete
Pavement Structure: 1. 4 inch AC (P-401) (Unknown)
2. 9 inch Crushed Gravel (P-154) (Unknown)
Drainage Features: No Apparent Subsurface Drainage
Pavement Use: Connecting Taxiway
Pavement Strength: 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous: Pavement structure estimated from TW A cores. No documents exist regarding TC pavement.
A-3
PAVEMENT BRANCH TAXIWAY TD (Taxiway D)
Dimensions: 255 Feet Long by 35 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Flexible
Pavement Surface Material: Asphalt Concrete
Pavement Structure: 1. 4 inch AC (P-401) (Unknown)
2. 9 inch Crushed Gravel (P-154) (Unknown)
Drainage Features: No Apparent Subsurface Drainage
Pavement Use: Connecting Taxiway
Pavement Strength: 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous: Pavement structure estimated from TW A cores. No documents exist regarding TD pavement.
PAVEMENT BRANCH TAXIWAY TE (Taxiway E)
Dimensions: 490 Feet Long by 25 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Flexible
Pavement Surface Material: Asphalt Concrete
Pavement Structure: 1. 4 inch AC (P-401) (Unknown)
2. 9 inch Crushed Gravel (P-154) (Unknown)
Drainage Features: No Apparent Subsurface Drainage
Pavement Use: Connecting Taxiway
Pavement Strength: 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous: Pavement structure estimated from TW A cores. No documents exist regarding TE pavement.
A-4
PAVEMENT BRANCH TAXIWAY TF (Taxiway F)
Dimensions: TF1: 185 Feet Long by 40 Feet Wide TF2: 140 Feet Long by 40 Feet Wide TF3: 975 Feet Long by 40 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Flexible
Pavement Surface Material: Asphalt Concrete
Pavement Structure: TF1
1. 2 inch AC (P-401) (1999)
2. 4 inch AC (P-401) (Unknown)
3. 9 inch Gravel (P-154) (Unknown)
TF2
1. 2 inch AC (P-401) (1996)
2. 4 inch AC (P-401) (Unknown)
3. 9 inch Gravel (P-154) (Unknown)
TF3
1. 4 inch AC (P-401) (Unknown)
2. 9 inch Flyash Stabilized Base (P-207) (Unknown)
Drainage Features: Underdrains, Crowned Pavement
Pavement Use: Connecting Taxiway
Pavement Strength: 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous:
A-5
PAVEMENT BRANCH TAXIWAY TG (Taxiway G)
Dimensions: TF1: 550 Feet Long by 40 Feet Wide TF2: 187 Feet Long by 40 Feet Wide TF3: 145 Feet Long by 40 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Flexible
Pavement Surface Material: Asphalt Concrete
Pavement Structure: TG1
1. 4 inch AC (P-401) (Unknown)
2. 9 inch Gravel (P-154) (Unknown)
TG2
1. 2 inch AC (P-401) (1996/1999)
2. 4 inch AC (P-401) (Unknown)
3. 9 inch Gravel (P-154) (Unknown)
TG3
1. 2 inch AC (P-401) (1996)
2. 4 inch AC (P-401) (Unknown)
3. 9 inch Flyash Stabilized Base (P-207) (Unknown)
Drainage Features: TG1: Drainage aided by T-Hangar underdrain system
TG2: Underdrains
Pavement Use: Connecting Taxiway
Pavement Strength: 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous: TG2 and TG3 pavement structures have been estimated from TA cores. Pavement was partially milled and overlaid during runway construction.
A-6
PAVEMENT BRANCH TAXIWAY TH (Taxiway H)
Dimensions: 145 Feet Long by 50 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Flexible
Pavement Surface Material: Asphalt Concrete
Pavement Structure: 1. 2 inch AC (P-401) (1996)
2. 4 inch AC (P-401) (Unknown)
3. 9 inch Gravel (P-154) (Unknown)
Drainage Features: Underdrains
Pavement Use: Connecting Taxiway
Pavement Strength: 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous: Pavement structure estimated from TW A cores.
PAVEMENT BRANCH TAXIWAY TJ (Taxiway J)
Dimensions: 187 Feet Long by 40 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Flexible
Pavement Surface Material: Asphalt Concrete
Pavement Structure: 1. 2 inch AC (P-401) (1996/1999)
2. 4 inch AC (P-401) (Unknown)
3. 9 inch Gravel (P-154) (Unknown)
Drainage Features: Underdrains
Pavement Use: Connecting Taxiway
Pavement Strength: 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous: Taxiway was partially milled and overlaid during runway and parallel taxiway construction projects.
A-7
PAVEMENT BRANCH TAXIWAY T1
Dimensions: 665 Feet Long by 35 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Flexible and Rigid
Pavement Surface Material: Asphalt and Portland Cement Concrete
Pavement Structure: Section 1
1. AC Surface (Unknown)
2. Base Course (Unknown)
Section 2
1. AC Surface (Unknown)
2. Base Course (Unknown)
Section 3 (Asphalt Transition)
1. 7.5 inch KDOT BM-2 (P-101) (2009)
2. 4 inch Aggregate Base (P-209) (2009)
3. 12 inch Flyash Treated Subgrade (P-158) (2009)
Section 4 (PCC Segment)
1. 6 inch PCC (P-505) (2009)
2. 4 inch Aggregate Base (P-209) (2009)
3. 12 inch Flyash Treated Subgrade (P-158) (2009)
Drainage Features: Underdrains for PCC segment
Pavement Use: Taxiway Connector
Pavement Strength: Estimated at 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous: Sections 1, 2, and 3 are asphalt. Section 4 is PCC.
A-8
PAVEMENT BRANCH TAXIWAY TA1
Dimensions: 187 Feet Long Total by 40 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Flexible
Pavement Surface Material: Asphalt Concrete
Pavement Structure: 1. 2 inch AC (P-401) (1999)
2. 9 inch AC (P-401) (Unknown)
3. 7 inch Gravel (P-154) (Unknown)
Drainage Features: Underdrain on south side
Pavement Use: Taxiway Connector
Pavement Strength: Estimated at 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous: Connector was partially milled and overlaid during runway and parallel taxiway construction projects.
PAVEMENT BRANCH TAXIWAY TA2
Dimensions: 187 Feet Long Total by 60 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Flexible
Pavement Surface Material: Asphalt Concrete
Pavement Structure: 1. 2 inch AC (P-401) (1999)
4. 9 inch AC (P-401) (Unknown)
5. 7 inch Gravel (P-154) (Unknown)
Drainage Features: Underdrain on north side
Pavement Use: Taxiway Connector
Pavement Strength: Estimated at 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous: Connector was partially milled and overlaid during runway and parallel taxiway construction projects.
A-9
PAVEMENT BRANCH TAXIWAY TB1
Dimensions: 145 Feet Long by 80 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Flexible
Pavement Surface Material: Asphalt Concrete
Pavement Structure: 1. 2 inch AC (P-401) (1996)
2. 4 inch AC (P-401) (Unknown)
3. 9 inch Gravel (P-154) (Unknown)
Drainage Features: Underdrain on south side
Pavement Use: Taxiway Connector
Pavement Strength: Estimated at 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous: Pavement structure has been estimated from TA cores. Pavement was partially milled and overlaid during runway construction.
PAVEMENT BRANCH TAXIWAY TB2
Dimensions: 145 Feet Long by 60 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Flexible
Pavement Surface Material: Asphalt Concrete
Pavement Structure: 1. 2 inch AC (P-401) (1996)
2. 4 inch AC (P-401) (Unknown)
3. 9 inch Gravel (P-154) (Unknown)
Drainage Features: Underdrains
Pavement Use: Taxiway Connector
Pavement Strength: Estimated at 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous: Pavement structure has been estimated from TA cores. Pavement was partially milled and overlaid during runway construction.
A-10
PAVEMENT BRANCH TAXIWAY TL1
Dimensions: 620 Feet Long by 485 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Flexible
Pavement Surface Material: Asphalt Concrete
Pavement Structure: 1. AC Surface (Unknown)
2. Base Course (Unknown)
Drainage Features: Underdrains around buildings, 6 inch wide trench drains the entire length of buildings drained using 18 inch RCP
Pavement Use: Taxiways for T-Hangars
Pavement Strength: Estimated at 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous: Slurry sealed in October 2000
PAVEMENT BRANCH TAXIWAY TL2
Dimensions: 470 Feet Long by 410 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Flexible
Pavement Surface Material: Asphalt Concrete
Pavement Structure: 1. AC Surface (Unknown)
2. Base Course (Unknown)
Drainage Features: Trench drains running the length of the buildings drained using RCP
Pavement Use: Taxiways for T-Hangars
Pavement Strength: Estimated at 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous: Plans to reconstruct these Taxilanes in the near future
A-11
PAVEMENT BRANCH TAXIWAY TL3
Dimensions: 400 Feet Long by 340 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Flexible
Pavement Surface Material: Asphalt Concrete
Pavement Structure: 1. AC Surface (Unknown)
2. Base Course (Unknown)
Drainage Features: Trench drains running the length of the buildings drained using RCP
Pavement Use: Taxiways for T-Hangars
Pavement Strength: Estimated at 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous: Slurry Seal in 2009
A-12
PAVEMENT BRANCH APRON AA (General Aviation Apron)
Dimensions: Section 1: 335 Feet Long by 195 Feet Wide Section 2: 710 Feet Long by 35 Feet Wide Section 3: 395 Feet Long by 365 Feet Wide Section 4: 355 Feet Long by 200 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Flexible
Pavement Surface Material: Asphalt Concrete
Pavement Structure: Section 1
1. 8 inch AC (P-401) (Unknown)
2. 4 inch Gravel (P-154)
Section 2
1. 2 inch AC (P-401) (1999)
2. 8 inch AC (P-401) (Unknown)
3. 4 inch Gravel (P-154)
Section 3
1. 8 inch AC (P-401) (Unknown)
2. 4 inch Gravel (P-154)
Section 4
1. AC Surface (Unknown)
2. Base Course (Unknown)
Drainage Features: Underdrains
Pavement Use: General Aviation Parking
Pavement Strength: Estimated at 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous:
A-13
PAVEMENT BRANCH APRON AB (General Aviation Apron)
Dimensions: Section 1: 240 Feet Long by 170 Feet Wide Section 2: 190 Feet Long by 70 Feet Wide Section 3: 190 Feet Long by 70 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Flexible
Pavement Surface Material: Asphalt Concrete
Pavement Structure: Section 1
1. AC Surface (Unknown)
2. Base Course (Unknown)
Sections 2 & 3
1. AC Surface (Unknown)
2. Base Course (Unknown)
Drainage Features: No Apparent Subsurface Drainage
Pavement Use: General Aviation Apron
Pavement Strength: Estimated at 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous:
PAVEMENT BRANCH APRON AC (General Aviation Apron)
Dimensions: 360 Feet Long by 180 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Flexible
Pavement Surface Material: Asphalt Concrete
Pavement Structure: Section 1
1. AC Surface (Unknown)
2. Base Course (Unknown)
Drainage Features: No Apparent Subsurface Drainage
Pavement Use: General Aviation Apron
Pavement Strength: Estimated at 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous:
A-14
PAVEMENT BRANCH APRON AD (General Aviation Apron)
Dimensions: Section 1: 280 Feet Long by 30 Feet Wide Section 2: 650 Feet Long by 235 Feet Wide Section 3: 140 Feet Long by 110 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Flexible
Pavement Surface Material: Asphalt Concrete
Pavement Structure: Section 1
1. AC Surface (Unknown)
2. Base Course (Unknown)
Section 2
1. Slurry Seal (2009)
2. AC Surface (Unknown)
3. Base Course (Unknown)
Section 3
1. AC Surface (Unknown)
2. Base Course (Unknown)
Drainage Features: No Apparent Subsurface Drainage
Pavement Use: General Aviation Apron
Pavement Strength: Estimated at 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous:
A-15
PAVEMENT BRANCH APRON AE (General Aviation Apron)
Dimensions: Section 1: 115 Feet Long by 70 Feet Wide Section 2: 235 Feet Long by 120 Feet Wide Section 3: 635 Feet Long by 175 Feet Wide Section 4: 55 Feet Long by 20 Feet Wide Section 5: 55 Feet Long by 20 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Sections 1 & 2: Flexible Sections 3, 4, & 5: Rigid
Pavement Surface Material: Sections 1 & 2: Asphalt Concrete Sections 3, 4, & 5: Portland Cement Concrete
Pavement Structure: Section 1
1. AC Surface (Unknown)
2. Base Course (Unknown)
Section 2
1. Slurry Seal (2009)
2. AC Surface (Unknown)
3. Base Course (Unknown)
Section 3
1. PCC Surface (Unknown)
2. Base Course (Unknown)
Section 4
1. PCC Surface (Unknown)
2. Base Course (Unknown)
Section 5
1. PCC Surface (Unknown)
2. Base Course (Unknown)
Drainage Features: No Apparent Subsurface Drainage
Pavement Use: General Aviation Apron
Pavement Strength: Estimated at 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous:
A-16
PAVEMENT BRANCH APRON HB
Dimensions: Section 1: 35 Feet Long by 30 Feet Wide Section 2: 125 Feet Long by 25 Feet Wide
Pavement Structure Type: Section 1: Rigid Section 2: Flexible
Pavement Surface Material: Asphalt and Portland Cement Concrete
Pavement Structure: Section 1
1. PCC Surface (Unknown)
2. Base Course (Unknown)
Section 2
1. AC Surface (Unknown)
2. Base Course (Unknown)
Drainage Features: Underdrain on north side of taxiway portion
Pavement Use: General Aviation Apron
Pavement Strength: Estimated at 12,500 SWG
Miscellaneous:
APPENDIX B – INSPECTION FORMS
Pavement Element: Inspected By: Date Inspected:
B-1
Inspection Record Maintenance Action
Location
Distress Description/Dimensions/Severity/Features Recommended Action
Description of Repair
Date Performed
Cost
Pavement Element: Inspected By: Date Inspected:
B-2
Inspection Record Maintenance Action
Location
Distress Description/Dimensions/Severity/Features Recommended Action
Description of Repair
Date Performed
Cost
Pavement Element: Inspected By: Date Inspected:
B-3
Inspection Record Maintenance Action
Location
Distress Description/Dimensions/Severity/Features Recommended Action
Description of Repair
Date Performed
Cost
Pavement Element: Inspected By: Date Inspected:
B-4
Inspection Record Maintenance Action
Location
Distress Description/Dimensions/Severity/Features Recommended Action
Description of Repair
Date Performed
Cost
B-5
PAVEMENT BRANCH
Dimensions:
Pavement Structure Type:
Pavement Surface Material:
Pavement Structure:
Drainage Features:
Pavement Use:
Pavement Strength:
Miscellaneous:
PAVEMENT BRANCH
Dimensions:
Pavement Structure Type:
Pavement Surface Material:
Pavement Structure:
Drainage Features:
Pavement Use:
Pavement Strength:
Miscellaneous:
B-6
PAVEMENT BRANCH
Dimensions:
Pavement Structure Type:
Pavement Surface Material:
Pavement Structure:
Drainage Features:
Pavement Use:
Pavement Strength:
Miscellaneous:
PAVEMENT BRANCH
Dimensions:
Pavement Structure Type:
Pavement Surface Material:
Pavement Structure:
Drainage Features:
Pavement Use:
Pavement Strength:
Miscellaneous:
B-7
PAVEMENT BRANCH
Dimensions:
Pavement Structure Type:
Pavement Surface Material:
Pavement Structure:
Drainage Features:
Pavement Use:
Pavement Strength:
Miscellaneous:
PAVEMENT BRANCH
Dimensions:
Pavement Structure Type:
Pavement Surface Material:
Pavement Structure:
Drainage Features:
Pavement Use:
Pavement Strength:
Miscellaneous:
B-8
PAVEMENT BRANCH
Dimensions:
Pavement Structure Type:
Pavement Surface Material:
Pavement Structure:
Drainage Features:
Pavement Use:
Pavement Strength:
Miscellaneous:
PAVEMENT BRANCH
Dimensions:
Pavement Structure Type:
Pavement Surface Material:
Pavement Structure:
Drainage Features:
Pavement Use:
Pavement Strength:
Miscellaneous:
APPENDIX C - REFERENCES
REFERENCES FAA ADVISORY CIRCULARS
150/5320-17 – Airfield Pavement Surface Evaluation and Rating Manuals http://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/advisory_circulars/index.cfm/go/document.inform ation/documentID/23242
150/5380-6B – Guidelines and Procedures for Maintenance of Airport Pavements
http://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/advisory_circulars/index.cfm/go/document.inform ation/documentID/22556
150/5380-7A – Airport Pavement Management Program http://www.faa.gov/regulations_policies/advisory_circulars/index.cfm/go/document.inform ation/documentID/23094
ASTM
D5340-12 – Standard Test Method for Airport Pavement Condition Index Surveys
C-1