Kalaignar Housing Scheme

K.Ashok Vardhan Shetty, IASPrincipal Secretary to Govt.,

Municipal Administration & Water Supply Department

Tamil Nadu

30.9.2010

Tamil Nadu – basic facts

• 32 Districts, including Chennai Urban District.

• 385 Blocks

• 12,618 Village Panchayats

• About 85,000 Habitations

• Rural Population – about 3.6 Crores (2001 Census)

• Integrated Rural Development and Panchayat Raj

Department, with full-fledged Engineering Wing

• 1,20,000 PRI Representatives

• 1,02,000 Staff

Census Definitions

• Permanent Houses – both walls & roof made of permanent materials.

– e.g. Walls made of burnt bricks, stone, concrete, etc.,– Roof made of tiles, concrete, G.I., metal, Asbestos sheets, etc.

• Temporary Houses – both walls & roof made of temporary materials.

– e.g. Walls made of mud, unburnt bricks, plastic, bamboo, etc.,– Roof made of thatch, bamboo, wood, mud, plastic, etc.

• Semi-permanent Houses – either wall or roof made of temporary materials, and the other made of permanent materials

Temporary Houses in Tamil Nadu – Census 2001

• 23% of households in Tamil Nadu live in

temporary houses

• All India average – 18%

• Rural TN – 33% (1/3rd)

• Urban TN – 10% (1/10th)

Huts in Rural Tamil Nadu

• Estimate of number of Huts to be replaced

Census 2001 figures

Less IAY Allocations

Add for natural growth rate

• 21 Lakhs, over a six-year period under State

funds

Indira Awaas YojanaAllocation to Tamil Nadu

Sl.No. Year Physical Allocation

1. 2004-05 25,271

2. 2005-06 46,891

3. 2006-07 49,850

4. 2007-08 69,239

5. 2008-09 69,234

6. 2009-10 1,35,265

7. 2010 -11 1,02,939

• Relying upon IAY alone will take over 30 Years to clear the backlog.

Kalaignar Housing Scheme

• As an add-on to IAY, and much larger in scope and

scale.

• Tamil Nadu – the first hut-free State in the country by

2016.

• By far the largest State-funded Scheme, with an

annual outlay of Rs.2,250 crores (3,00,000 houses).

• 2nd largest Scheme implemented by the State, next

only to MGNREGS-TN with a labour budget of Rs.2900

crores.

Kalaignar Housing Scheme (contd.)

• Replacing all Huts with Thatched Roof, irrespective

of the type of the wall, with permanent houses over

a 6-year period, 2011-16.

• Only huts with proper title – liberal interpretation

of title

• In situ construction; alternative sites also provided.

• About 200 square feet, RCC roof, and separate toilet –

Rs.75,000 unit cost.

Points to Ponder• Should selection of beneficiary depend on BPL Status (like

IAY),

OR

on Status of Housing?

• Estimate of Huts,

OR

Enumeration of all Huts?

Points to Ponder (contd.)

• Allocation to one-sixth of the Village Panchayats each year,

covering all the huts in these Village Panchayats,

OR

Allocation to all Village Panchayats, covering one-sixth of

the Huts?

• Selection of beneficiary – by the Village Panchayat,

OR

Rule-based?

Enumeration of all Huts

• Need to freeze number and list of huts as on the cut-

off date (1.1.2010).

• Pilot Survey conducted @ one Village Panchayat per

Block (385 Blocks) in the State.

• Main Survey in all Village Panchayats in the State.

• Conducted during April – May, 2010.

Enumeration of all Huts (contd.)

• 3-member Enumeration Team, comprised of:

– Village Administrative Officer;

– Makkal Nala Paniyalar; and

– Village Panchayat Assistant.

• Enumeration as a ‘team’, not individually.

• 3-member team mandatory.

• Super-checking Official: Deputy BDO / Deputy

Tahsildar/ equivalent.

Enumeration of all Huts (contd.)

• Intensive cascaded training

– State level : Collectors, District Revenue Officers,

Project Directors, DRDA.

– District level : Deputy Collectors, Assistant

Directors, Tahsildars, BDOs as Master Trainers.

– Block level : Enumeration Teams and Super-

checking officials.

Enumeration of all Huts (contd.)

• Enumeration Register capturing

– Details about the Household.

– Details about the Hut.

– Details about the House-site.

• Enumeration guidelines printed in each Register for

ready reference.

• Signature of the resident taken.

• Eligibility determined and recorded by the Enumeration

Team, Super-checking Official independently.

Enumeration of all Huts (contd.)

• Best Practices

– ‘Vetting’ of Enumeration Registers after one day of

Enumeration

– Daily Progress of Enumeration monitored at State

level

– Software designed to check mismatch between

eligibility as determined by the Enumeration Team,

and eligibility as determined by the Software.

Eligibility Criteria

• Based on Ownership of land, and availability of

‘Identifiers’.

• Land: Clear Title, Questionable Title, Land belonging to

religious institutions, Unobjectionable Poramboke Land,

Objectionable Poramboke Land.

• Identifiers: Part No. & Serial No. in the May 2009

Parliamentary Electoral Roll, Ration card number, TNEB

Service Connection Number, House Tax Assessment

Number.

Eligibility Criteria (contd)

• Huts classified as

– Eligible

– Conditionally Eligible

– Ineligible

• Determined by Enumeration Team.

• Independently determined by Super-checking Official.

• Finally determined by Software.

Enumeration Results

Category No. of Huts

Total No. of Huts enumerated 22.08 lakhs

Eligible Huts 12.37 lakhs

Conditionally Eligible Huts 3.31 lakhs

Otherwise Eligible Huts, with the hut being put up on Objectionable porambokes – to be given alternative sites

1.64 lakhs

Ineligible Huts 4.76 lakhs

Enumeration Results No. of Huts enumerated in each District

(10 Districts with more than 1 lakh huts each)District No. of Huts

Villupuram 288,924

Cuddalore 210,386

Nagapattinam 150,012

Thanjavur 148,960

Kancheepuram 131,241

Vellore 130,219

Tiruvannamalai 128,436

Salem 126,014

Tiruvarur 119,842

Tiruvallur 103,920

Enumeration Results No. of Huts enumerated in each District

(10 Districts with 25 thousand -1 lakh huts each)District No. of Huts

Pudukottai 74,648

Trichy 74,085

Ariyalur 68,922

Dharmapuri 67,289

Namakkal 50,226

Krishnagiri 46,708

Erode 46,222

Dindigul 40,088

Perambalur 31,421

Madurai 26,012

Enumeration Results No. of Huts enumerated in each District

(11 Districts with less than 25 thousand huts each)District No. of Huts

Sivagangai 22,795

Karur 22,338

Ramanathapuram 21,391

Tiruppur 15,181

Tirunelveli 14,479

Thoothukudi 13,446

Coimbatore 10,310

Kanyakumari 8,603

Virudhunagar 7,243

Theni 2,351

Nilgiris 890

2nd round of Field Verification

• Photograph of every hut with the resident standing in

front, holding a board containing a new door number

and serial number in the Enumeration Register.

• Photograph affixed on software-generated Application-

cum-Verification form, and signature of resident taken.

• Collection of copies of title deed and other documents.

Role of Information Technology

• Web-based Software developed with the assistance of

NIC.

• Stage 1: All entries from the Enumeration Registers

entered into the KHS Database.

– Distributed web-based data entry from 385 Blocks.

• Stage 2: Onscreen Comparison and Confirmation, to

ensure that the Database is an exact replica of the

Enumeration Registers

Role of Information Technology (contd.)

• Generation of Application-cum-Verification Forms for

2nd Round of Field Visits.

• Generation of list of beneficiaries.

• Generation of individual work orders.

• Generation of lists of huts for follow-up action, like

issue of pattas etc.

Allocation of Permanent Houses

• To each Village Panchayat: a fixed component of

10 houses, plus a variable component in proportion to

number of Eligible Huts.

• Variable Component: to allot houses in proportion

to the demand.

• Fixed Component: so that Village Panchayats with

few huts can be covered completely in the first or

second year itself.

Allocation of Permanent Houses (contd.)

• Within each Village Panchayat : Sub-allocation to

each Community (ST,SC,MBC,BC,OC) in proportion to

the number of Eligible Huts.

– To ensure inter-Community equity.

– IAY: 60% of Houses allotted to SCs/STs, causing

heart-burn to non-SC/STs.

Allocation of Permanent Houses (contd.)

• Within each Community : Habitations arranged in

descending order of number of Eligible Huts of the

Community, and sub-allocation of permanent houses

done.

– To ensure certainty and transparency in the priority

of selection.

– Systematic coverage of the habitations with more

number of huts, for greater impact and ease of

implementation.

Selection of Beneficiaries

• Within each Habitation : A simple, fair, transparent

and automatic process for selection of beneficiaries.

• Beneficiaries selected in ascending order of Door

Number as per the May 2009 Parliamentary

Electoral Roll.

• Selection of all 3 lakh beneficiaries done using the

Software specially developed by NIC.

• If selection had not been done in this manner – political

bickering, litigation, delays of 3 to 6 months.

Issue of Work Orders

• List of Eligible Huts generated by the Software, and

placed before Grama Sabha for information on

15.8.2010 and 22.8.2010.

• Work Orders generated by the Software, and issued to

the beneficiaries from 26.8.2010.

Construction of Houses• Implemented by RD & PR Department.

• Construction by Beneficiaries themselves.

• Cement, Steel– supplied Departmentally.

• 60 bags of cement, 155 kg steel.

• Bricks

– co-ordinated by Collectors.

– Firm orders – lead to reduced prices.

– Additional Brick Kilns by SHGs.

• Sand - Additional Quarries opened in each Block exclusively for

the Scheme.

Construction of Houses (contd.)

• Masons

– Mason apprentices trained under various Schemes.

• Measurements taken by Overseers (Basement, Lintel

level, Roof Laid stage and upon Completion).

• Bills passes at Block Offices.

• Payments done to beneficiaries’ Bank Accounts by the

Village Panchayats.

KHS House model

The Next Steps

• Issue of Eligibility card to all Eligible Huts to be

covered over the next 5 years

• Huts put up on Government poramboke lands –

House site as well as permanent house to be

allotted

Thank You