K. Premkumar et alNational Institute of Ocean Technology

Chennai-601 302INDIA

Intricacy in Sustaining the Moored Buoy Network in Indian Seas

INDIA

NCAOR(Polar Science)

Chennai

Cochin

Goa

NIOTTechnology Development(Living & Nonliving)

Hyderabad

DelhiDOD

INCOIS (Ocean Information Service )

Sagar Sampada Cell(Living Marine Resources)

MANDATE

To develop, promote and demonstrate technologiesfor specific applications in Ocean related areas

National Institute of Ocean Technology

Objectives

• To develop a knowledge base and institutional capabilities in India for management of ocean resources and environment.

• To develop world class technologies and applications for sustainable utilization of ocean resources.

• To provide competitive, value added technical services to organizations working in the oceanic field.

MISSION AREAS OF NIOT

• Ocean Energy & Desalination

• Deep Sea Technology and Ocean Mining

• Coastal and Environmental Engineering

• Marine Instrumentation

• Ocean Science and Technology for Islands

OPERATIONAL PROGRAMMES

• National Data Buoy Programme

• Vessel Management Cell

Implementation of National Data Buoy Programme

In

1997By

National Institute of Ocean TechnologyDepartment of Ocean Development

Government of India

NIOT

Bay of BengalArabian Sea

DS5

DS4

DS3

DS2

DS1

SW6

SW5

SW4

SW3

SW2

SW1 Paradip

Machillipatnam

Tuticorin

ChennaiMangalore

Goa

Mumbai

Pipavav

NIOT

INDIA

12 buoys network achieved by IX plan period

NATIONAL DATA BUOY PROGRAMME (Moored)

SW7

Standard Suit of Sensor & Specifications

* Sensor is at 3 m above the sea surface ** Sensor is at 3 m depth below the sea surface

Sensor Make Range Accuracy Resolution

Air pressure Vaisala 700 - 1100 hPa 0.1 hPa 0.01 hPa

Air Temperature Omega Eng. -30 to + 75oC 0.1oC 0.01oC

Wind*Speed

Lambrecht0 - 60 m/s 1.5 FS 0.07 m/s

Direction 0 - 359o 3.6o 0.1o

Water**Temperature

FSI– 2 - 35oC 0.5oC 0.5oC

Conductivity 0 – 7 s/m 0.002 s/m 0.0001s/m

Current**Speed

FSI0-600 cm/s

2% of the reading or 1 cm/s

0.01 cm/sec

Direction 0 - 359o 2o 0.01o

CT - Temperature FSI -2 - 35oC 0.050oC -

Wave (full spectrum) Seatex 20m, 0 - 359o 10 cm, 5o 1 cm, 0.1o

Achieved 20 Buoys Network in March 2003

SW2

SW3

SW4

SW5

DS5

SW6

DS1

DS2

DS3

Chennai

Machillipatnam

Mangalore

Tuticorin

Goa

Mumbai

NIOT

Pipvav

DS4Off Paradip

OT1

OB8

MB12MB11

MB10

TB1

Arabian Sea Bay of Bengal

DS7

MB1

OB3

DS6

INDIA

INDIA

Arabian Sea Bay of Bengal

Chennai

Machillipatnam

Mangalore

Tuticorin

Goa

Mumbai

NIOT

ParadipMB1

SW2

DS1 SW3

SW4OB3

DS2

DS6

DS7

Gulf of Cambay

Gulf of Kutch

OT1

SW5

SW6

OB8

MB10

DS5

MB11

DS3

MB12

DS4

Cochin

Ratnagiri

Buoy Status in October 2005

Buoy Network Established : 20

No. of working buoys : 12 Buoys drifted / withdrawn for maintenance : 08

TB1

Difficulties in the operation & management of

Moored Buoy Programme

• Vandalism

• Marine fouling to under water sensors warrants shorter maintenance cycle

•Extreme conditions in Indian seas

• Non availability of Ship time

• Buoy Blast

Vandalism

• Communication failure due to total mast damage

• Damage to vital buoy components like solar panel, sensors, hull, mooring etc.

• Removal of mechanical/electronic components

Damages

Fouling

Extreme conditions during deployments/retrievals

Buoy Blast

Exploded Buoy on Deck

Lid :27kgHood :55kgDrifter buoy: 15kgEPIRB with casing:5kgInstrument Plate with instruments:19kg

Approximate weight of buoy components lifted off due to explosion(121kg)

• Hydrogen and Oxygen gas got accumulated inside the central cylinder above Lower Explosive Limit, released by VRLA batteries

• Spark would have triggered sudden explosion inside the

cylinder

Cause of the Incident

Findings of Expert Committee

Improvements Suggested by Expert Committee

• Battery compartment with vents

• Pressure relief valve on instrument cylinder set at 1.25 psi

We acknowledge the efforts of DBCP in promulgating notifications to mariner on data buoys and its

safety

Improvements on buoy design

•Fasteners that cannot be opened with conventional tools

•Solar Panel made flush

In-house Advancement in Buoy Technologyto fight vandalism

• Protective Hood

• All surface floats on

mooring submerged

• Spikes to mast

In-house Advancement in Buoy Technology to fight Vandalism

Battery Venting Arrangements with Auto regulated vent valves

In-house Advancement in Buoy Technology

NEW COMPACT DATA BUOY

Buoy Development

For containerised Transportation

Data buoy developed in association with Ocean Engineering Department, IIT, Chennai

Development of vital Buoy components

CPU

INSAT Transmitter for data link

Buoy Hull

Buoy Profile

Diameter : 2.2 mOverall height with : 6.5 mmast and keel

Weight : 700 kg.

Reserve Buoyancy : 2000 kg.

Charasteristics

1. Can carry a suit of meterological and Oceanographic sensors upto 16 nos.

2. Operable from 20 m water depth to full ocean depth.

3. 20 w x 4 nos solar panels ensure constant recharging of the batteries.

Indian Data Buoy( DOD/NIOT Product )

Cyclone Observation

with

Increased Buoy Network

Buoy(s) Observation of Cyclone in Arabian Sea

991.76 hPa (OB3)

SW3SW2

SW4

MB1

DS1

OB3DS2

DS7

● DS1

May 2001

May 2004

Air Pressure

SW3SW2

SW4

MB1

DS1

OB3DS2

DS7

● DS1

29. 53 m/s (OB3)

Buoy(s) Observation of Cyclone in Arabian Sea Wind Speed

May 2001

May 2004

SW3SW2

SW4

MB1

DS1

OB3DS2

DS7

● DS1

6.48 m (OB3)

Buoy(s) Observation of Cyclone in Arabian Sea Sig. Wave Height

May 2001

May 2004

Buoy(s) Observation of Cyclone in Bay of Bengal Air Pressure

October 2000

August 2004

● DS5

992.5 hPa (DS4)

995.5 hPa (DS5)

● DS5

● OB8

● DS4

● DS3

● MB11● MB12

Buoy(s) Observation of Cyclone in Bay of Bengal Wind Speed

August 2004

● DS5

● DS5

● OB8

● DS4

● DS3

● MB11● MB12

17.2 m/s (MB11)

12.5 m/s (DS5) October 2000

Buoy(s) Observation of Cyclone in Bay of Bengal Wave Height

● DS5

● DS5

● OB8

● DS4

● DS3

● MB11● MB12

August 2004 5.4 m (MB12)

October 2000

3.6 m (DS5)

NOAA-14 AVHRR 09.26 UTC 17.10.00

● DS5

OB8

DS5

MB11

MB12

DS3

Meteosat-5 at 03:00 GMT on 15.05.03

995.5 hPa (DS5)

994.4 hPa (MB11)

Comparison of BoB Cyclone in Oct. 2000 and May 2003

Interesting buoy observations during June 2005

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

06.0

6.05

00

06.0

6.05

21

07.0

6.05

18

08.0

6.05

15

09.0

6.05

12

10.0

6.05

09

11.0

6.05

06

12.0

6.05

03

13.0

6.05

00

13.0

6.05

21

14.0

6.05

18

15.0

6.05

15

16.0

6.05

12

17.0

6.05

09

18.0

6.05

06

19.0

6.05

03

20.0

6.05

00

20.0

6.05

21

992

994

996

998

1000

1002

1004

1006

1008

06

.06

.05

00

06

.06

.05

15

07

.06

.05

06

07

.06

.05

21

08

.06

.05

12

09

.06

.05

03

09

.06

.05

18

10

.06

.05

09

11

.06

.05

00

11

.06

.05

15

12

.06

.05

06

12

.06

.05

21

13

.06

.05

12

14

.06

.05

03

14

.06

.05

18

15

.06

.05

09

16

.06

.05

00

16

.06

.05

15

17

.06

.05

06

17

.06

.05

21

18

.06

.05

12

19

.06

.05

03

19

.06

.05

18

20

.06

.05

09

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

06.0

6.05

00

06.0

6.05

18

07.0

6.05

12

08.0

6.05

06

09.0

6.05

00

09.0

6.05

18

10.0

6.05

12

11.0

6.05

06

12.0

6.05

00

12.0

6.05

18

13.0

6.05

12

14.0

6.05

06

15.0

6.05

00

15.0

6.05

18

16.0

6.05

12

17.0

6.05

06

18.0

6.05

00

18.0

6.05

18

19.0

6.05

12

20.0

6.05

06

12.03 m/s3.67 m

996.79hPa

Air pressure

Significant Wave height Wind Speed

SW6DS5DS4

DS5SW6

DS4

SW6

INDIA

Arabian Sea

Bay of Bengal

Chennai

Machillipatnam

Mangalore

Tuticorin

Goa

Mumbai

NIOT

Pipvav

Off Paradip

EB 8

EB 1

EB 5

EB 6

EB 7

EB 4

EB 3

EB 2

PB 1

PB 2

PB 3

PB 4

PB 5

PB 6

PB 7

PB 8MB 1

MB 2

MB 3

MB 4

MB 5

MB 6

MB 7

MB 8

MB 9

MB10

MB11

MB12

OB 1

OB 2

OB 3

OB 4

OB 5

OB 6

OB 7

OB 12

OB 11

OB 8

OB 9

OB 10

Port Buoys

Environmental Buoys

Ocean Buoys

Met Buoys

Forty Buoy Network by end 2007

INDIA

Sensor Fit • Air Pressure• Air Temperature• Wind• SST

Simple Met Buoys

Sensor Fit

• Nutrient sensor

• Chlorophyll

• Dissolved Oxygen

• Current

• Hydrocarbon

Environmental Buoys

Sensor Fit

• Air Temperature

• Air Pressure

• Wind

• Wave

• Current

• Salinity & SST

• Thermistor Chain

Ocean Buoys

Sensor Fit

• Air Pressure• Air Temperature • SST• Wind• Wave• Current• Salinity

Port/Shallow Water Buoys

PRINCIPAL PARTICULARS

Length over all : 60.00 m

Breadth : 11.00 m

Depth upto Main Deck : 05.00 m

Draft : 03.20 m

Speed (Guaranteed) : 11.5 Knots @ 90% MCR

Complements

Crew: 18 Scientist : 11

Buoy Handling Facility:

• 2 Nos. articulated electro-hydraulic cranes each having 5 T SWL with an out reach of 8 m.

• 1 No. ‘A’ frame to lift 12 tones of load

Propulsion : Twin Screw FPP

Station Keeping : Two Steerable

water jet propulsion

Contract Value : Rs. 2199.25 lakhs

M/s. Hindustan Shipyard Ltd., Visakhapatnam has been awarded with the order for construction

of Buoy tender Cum Research Vessel to meet the maintenance of increased buoy network. The

design and building specification for the vessel has been prepared by National Ship Design and

Research Centre (NSDRC), Visakhapatnam. HSL has already commenced the construction of

the vessel.

Ship Acquisition - Buoy Tender Cum Research Vessel“Sagar Manjusha”

Progress of “Sagar Manjusha”