KING COUNTY SHERIFF’S OFFICE

POLICE SERVICES PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM

SUE RAHR, SHERIFFNOVEMBER 2011

Why are we talking about police partnerships?

COST - Can’t sustain 18,000 separate police departments in this country Wasting scarce tax dollars creating and maintaining

redundant infrastructures, services Can’t keep doing less under the current service

delivery model

EFFECTIVENESS - Can more effectively catch bad guys Communication and coordination of investigations

improve Money saved by eliminating redundancies can be

invested in new technology, training, etc…

Good Public Policy

We are the stewards of tax dollars

We can achieve an optimum balance of local control and cost savings from economies of scale

Frees up tax dollars for other public benefit

Average Cost of Police

Services per Capita Comparing Contracts with other

Cities

Average Cost of Police

Services per Capita Comparing Contracts with other

Cities

Demonstrating Economy of Scale

What is a “Police Service Partnership?”

“Police Service Partnership”

A Police Service Partnership is an agreement between the Sheriff’s Office and an incorporated city (or other entity) for the provision of a specific set of police services, as agreed to by the customer. (Contract Policing)

The Sheriff has jurisdiction throughout the county, both in incorporated and unincorporated areas

The Sheriff provides both regional and local service

The Sheriff is elected by residents in both the incorporated and unincorporated jurisdictions in the county

Why the Sheriff?

Regional vs. Local Services

REGIONAL SERVICES(Provided on a countywide basis using regional tax

dollars)

Air SupportBomb Disposal

Homicide InvestigationsAFIS

Child Find Civil Warrants

Criminal WarrantsCourt Security

Dignitary ProtectionSearch and Rescue

Sex Offender Registration

*Regional due to mandate or funding, provided at no

additional charge

LOCAL SERVICES(Provided to specific

jurisdictions using local tax dollars)

PatrolCrime Prevention

InvestigationsSWAT Team

K9Marine Unit

Hostage NegotiationFire Investigations

E911 / CommunicationsMajor Accident Response

Specialty programs

*Entity having primary jurisdiction bears the cost of

providing these services

First contract: City of North Bend, 1973

Two primary factors led to the increase in current customer base 1990 Growth Management Act - annexation requirements Sheriff’s Office desire to survive

Some cities contracted initially as a short-term placeholder after incorporation but found it a cost-effective way to provide comprehensive, quality police services

Key considerations – Local Control, Identity, Cost Containment

Today, 45 partner contracts account for more than half of KCSO revenues and employees.

The History

Where we are today

Today, KCSO provides full-service police departments to 12 cities in King County, and many other entities.

Unincorporated Area

(green)

Incorporated area, Contract

Partners(blue)

Incorporated area,

Non-Contract(white)

12 Municipal Contracts

Beaux Arts Village Burien Covington Kenmore Maple Valley Newcastle North Bend Sammamish SeaTac Shoreline Skykomish Woodinville

Who we serve today

Transit Police Departments King County Metro Transit Sound Transit KC Airport Police & Fire Fighters

Tribal Police Department Muckleshoot Indian Reservation

Specialty and Seasonal Service Contracts School Resource Officers Marine Unit & Dive operations Forest Service (Baker/Snoqualmie) patrols KC Housing Authority residence patrols Fire Investigation services

Who we serve today

Basics & Benefits

How We Build a Police Partnership

The city chief is selected by the partner city; is responsible for the operations; reports directly to the city manger

The city determines staffing level, services and police priorities.

The partner city selects uniforms and vehicles with unique city markings

Local Control & Identity

The police are accountable to city officials and citizens.

City chiefs and police officers are part of the community: Community events News distribution &

communication Block and business

watches Service organizations Liaison with schools Council meetings

Local Accountability

Partnership benefits

Contract provides a complete police department Locally dedicated officers All support services and equipment

Complete personnel management, legal services, investigative support (photo lab, evidence management, etc…)

Quartermaster, fleet, radio communication, etc…

Access to specialized services Computer forensics, accident

reconstruction, SWAT, media relations, etc…

Partnership benefits (cont.)

Avoid infrastructure start-up costs Share in economies of scale

Cost per employee goes down as number of employees goes up

Key in very expensive facility investments (communications center, gun range)

Liability Employees assigned to cities are indemnified by the

county

Single Inter-local Agreement individual invoices based on service selections

Cross-dispatching cuts staffing needs (key cost saver!)

Cross-Dispatching

Deputies/Officers on the same radio frequency routinely cross jurisdictional lines to provide back-up This allows for a lower staffing level by both

jurisdictions – each can staff for average call load, rather than the exceptions

Example of mutual advantage: Two small neighboring cities, on different radio frequencies,

will have to staff 2 officers per shift to ensure safe back-up (4 officers per shift between the 2 cities)

Two small neighboring cities, on the same radio frequency, can each staff only 1 officer per shift and still ensure safe

back-up (2 officers per shift between the 2 cities)

Kenmore Police Department

Police Chief Cliff Sether

Dedicated Services

Shared Services

•City Chief•11 Deputies•1 Detective

•Patrol supervision•Investigations•Clerical Support•Communications•Hostage Negotiation•Major Accident

Investigation•Major Crimes

Investigation•Special Assault

Investigation•Marine Patrol•TAC-30/SWAT•Adm. oversight

Total 2011 employees = 18.80

Woodinville Police Department

Police Chief Sydney Jackson

Dedicated Services

Shared Services

•City Chief•Admin/Patrol

Sergeant •7 Officers•School Resource

Officer•1 Detective

•Patrol supervision•Investigations •Clerical Support•Communications•Hostage Negotiation•Major Accident

Investigation•Major Crimes

Investigation•Special Assault

Investigation•TAC-30/SWAT•Adm. oversight

Total 2010 employees = 15.65

Police Chief Dan Pingrey

Dedicated Services Shared Services•City Chief•Operations Captain•6 Patrol Sergeants•1 Admin Sergeant•1 Detective Sergeant•1 Street Crimes

Sergeant•29 Patrol/Traffic

Officers•1 School Resource

Officer•4 Detectives•4 Street Crimes

Detectives•1 Community Service

Officer•2 Administrative Staff

•Communications•Hostage Negotiations•Major Crimes

Investigation•Special Assault

Investigation•TAC-30 / SWAT •Adm. oversight

Total 2010 employees = 68.28

Shoreline Police Department

Police Chief Nate Elledge

Dedicated Services Shared Services

•City Chief•2 Patrol & Admin

Sergeants•1 Detective Sergeant•13 Patrol Officers•3 Detectives•2 School Resource

Officers

•Patrol supervision•Clerical support•Communications•Hostage Negotiation•Major Accident

Investigation•Major Crimes

Investigation•Special Assault

Investigation•Marine Patrol•TAC-30/SWAT•Adm. oversight

Total 2010 employees = 28.98

Sammamish Police Department

Show Me The Money!

How do we calculate costs?

What does that mean for the city, the county, the taxpayer?

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Overview of the City Contract Current Inter-Local Agreement signed in 2000

Cities negotiated as a group The current agreement is being rolled over annually Developed w/ Executive, Council, Sheriff, participating cities

Cities have identical contract terms Cities participate in three groups, meet every other

month: Oversight Committee: City managers

Review policy issues, brief their city councils on the contract

Finance Team: Finance directors Reviews all cost-related issues, reports to Oversight semi-

annually. City Chiefs Group:

Operational and staffing related issues

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Contract Fundamentals

• County may not profit or give away services (Accountancy Act – RCW 43.09.210)

• Structured for mutual advantage

• Average cost rather than marginal cost

• Contract entities should control the levels of service and priorities for their police

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Basic Contract Structure Service Package

Cities purchase a “package” of services including a specific number of FTE’s of identified rank and specialty along with mandatory and optional support services.

The services provided are divided into two categories: (1) Precinct/City Services and (2) Support Services.

The contract has three defined models Flex – all services are shared (all deputies in green

uniforms) Shared Supervision – cities select a mix of dedicated and

shared services (some deputies in green, some in blue) City – all precinct level services provided by staff

dedicated to the city; central support and specialty units are provided as a shared service (all deputies in blue)

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Cost Model Fundamentals

The unit cost for an officer includes all tools for the job. Salary, benefits & retirement, overtime,

special or duty pays Insurance, uniforms, equipment, vehicle,

radio Support services and administration (see box)

Items excluded from the costs include: Regional county functions such as the Council Services that are regional or backed by other

revenue

The method of establishing unit costs does not change from year to year. Minor adjustments may be made to central

rate pass through costs upon analysis

Support Services Included:Accounting/Payroll

Computer Resources

Evidence and Supply

Internal Investigations

Personnel Services

Contracting Support

Crime Analysis

Criminal Intelligence

Legal Advisor

Photo Lab

Records Management

Training Unit

Polygraph

Administration

Support Services Included:Accounting/Payroll

Computer Resources

Evidence and Supply

Internal Investigations

Personnel Services

Contracting Support

Crime Analysis

Criminal Intelligence

Legal Advisor

Photo Lab

Records Management

Training Unit

Polygraph

Administration

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Dedicated: # FTEs * $182,205 = Charge

Flex: # FTEs * $182,205* % DCFS = Charge (DCFS – dispatched calls for service)

Reactive Patrol Sergeant Cost Page Example

Reactive Patrol Sergeant Reference Org: FODFTE Calc. Position/Title Salary Benefits Non-Salary Total42.00 Sergeant - Reactive Patrol 92,485 33,876 5,307,175

42.00 Special Pays: Sworn - Patrol 8,186 1,055 388,132 42.00 Overtime: Field Ops. - Sworn 5,655 729 268,148 2.00 Clothing Allowance 2,910 375 6,570

42.00 Quartermaster 408 17,152 42.00 Supplies: Field Ops. 977 41,030 42.00 Services: Field Ops. 542 22,751 42.00 Telephone 481 20,220 1.00 Motor Pool 507,805 507,805

42.00 Systems Services: Messaging 173 7,274 42.00 Insurance 2,263 95,058 42.00 800 MHz 1,784 74,923 42.00 Wireless Data 540 22,696 42.00 MARR Officer Accident Investigation 159 6,660 42.00 Div. Admn. Charges - Field Ops 1,179 49,538 42.00 Dept. Admn. Charges - Dept. 11,232 471,757 42.00 Dept. Admn. Charges - Sworn 5,486 230,407 42.00 Precinct Support Staff 2,746 115,321

42.00 TOTAL 7,652,617

$7,652,617 ÷ 42 = $182,205

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Flex/Shared: % DCFS * $8,590,614 = Charge – (DCFS – dispatched calls for service)

Communications Center Cost Page Example

Communications Center - E911 Reference Org: TSDFTE Calc. Position/Title Salary Benefits Non-Salary Total1.00 Captain 110,516 33,501 144,017 1.00 Administrative Specialist II 46,356 20,933 67,289 1.00 Communications Operations Manager 96,326 27,409 123,735 69.00 Communications Specialist 52,193 21,689 5,097,873 8.00 Communications Specialist Supervisor 76,009 24,776 806,278 9.50 Communications Specialist Vapor 2 - 19 2.00 LAN Administrator - Journey 64,365 23,267 175,263 1.00 Project/Program Manager III 89,711 26,552 116,263 1.00 GIS Specialist 68,039 23,743 91,782

1.00 Duty Pays: Training/Holiday Pay 65,000 8,424 73,424 1.00 Special Pays: Captains 10,539 1,358 11,898

92.50 Special Pays: Professional Staff 493 64 51,462 91.50 Overtime: Comm. Center 4,361 565 450,698

1.00 Quartermaster 408 408 93.50 Supplies: TSD 146 13,660

1.00 Supplies: Comm. Center 117,991 117,991 93.50 Services: TSD 109 10,235

1.00 Services: Comm. Center 127,647 127,647 93.50 Telephone 481 45,014

1.00 Motor Pool 6,279 6,279 1.00 Capital: Comm. Center 10,000 10,000

93.50 Systems Services: Messaging 173 16,192 1.00 Systems Services: Access Interface (Comm. Center) 1,548 1,548

93.50 Insurance 2,263 211,617 1.00 800 MHz 1,784 1,784 1.00 Wireless Data 540 540 1.00 MARR Officer Accident Investigation 159 159

93.50 County Support Services: Building Occupancy 1,855 173,479 93.50 County Support Services: Tenant Charges 2,829 264,478 93.50 Div. Admn. Charges - Tech. Svcs. 946 88,464 93.50 Dept. Admn. Charges - Dept. 11,232 1,050,221

1.00 Dept. Admn. Charges - Sworn 5,486 5,486 1.00 Revenue: E911/PSAP (764,587) (764,587)

93.50 TOTAL 8,590,614

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Exhibit B Example (invoice) - City of Kenmore

Kenmore Cost Book: Adopted

Draft or Final: Final

Exhibit B Date: 21-Apr-10

Dedicated Police Services Units Salary Benefits Other Total Cost FTEsPolice Chief * 1.0 $108,908 $35,993 $144,901 1.00Officers * 11.0 $80,934 $32,387 $1,246,536 11.00

Overtime $76,614 --

Cost of Dedicated Personnel, Subject to Reconciliation $1,468,051 12.00

Uniform, Equipment, and Supplies $28,901 --Vehicles $145,908 --Insurance, 800 MHz, etc. $54,587 --

Subtotal, Dedicated Police Services $1,697,447 12.00

Additional Police Services Units Salary Benefits Other City Cost FTEsPrecinct Command Staff 13.20% $375,093 $104,994 $39,199 $68,529 0.40Patrol Supervision 13.20% $604,026 $209,589 $155,227 $106,546 0.66Detective Supervision 14.92% $104,024 $35,364 $19,991 $23,784 0.15Shared Detectives 13.66% $337,149 $131,279 $77,803 $74,622 0.55Precinct Support Staff 13.75 Per Precinct FTE $2,746 $37,758 0.36Communications/Dispatch 3.10% $4,802,143 $1,865,376 $686,602 $227,643 2.89Domestic Violence Intervention Unit 7.99% $252,862 $98,459 $58,352 $32,739 0.24Fraud Unit 20.00% $84,287 $32,820 $19,451 $27,312 0.20Hostage Negotiation Team 1.72% $6,053 $1,743 $1,722 $164 0.00Major Crimes Investigation 2.75% $2,253,510 $865,641 $660,714 $104,000 0.76Marine Unit 6.42% $654,328 $241,879 $357,688 $18,082 0.10MARR Unit 3.22% $656,596 $253,278 -$266,493 $20,686 0.26SWAT (TAC-30) Team 1.02% $322,576 $93,192 $136,553 $5,636 0.02

Subtotal, Additional Police Services $747,500 6.58

Police Support Services

Payroll, crime analysis, evidence, recruiting computers, records, personnel, etc. Per All FTE $11,232 $205,390 1.55Criminal intelligence, training, firing range Per Sworn FTE $5,486 $83,674 0.61

Subtotal, Police Support Services $289,064 2.16

Additional Credits and ChargesOverhead Charges $25,766Facility Charges 13.2% $27,933

Subtotal, Additional Credits and Charges $53,698 0.00

Total, Police Services $2,787,709 20.74Fire Investigation charge $6,705

TOTAL CONTRACT COST, WITH FIRE INVESTIGATION $2,794,414 20.74

Input Based on 2010 Adopted Cost Book

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KCSO Contracts Budget ImpactsFor over 10 years, nearly all of our discretionary expenditure growth has been backed by offsetting revenues and additional FTE’s for contract customers

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Revenue makes up greater percentage of expenditures

13 -Year Cumulative Net Expend Growth $25.4M

58.5%

13-Year Cumulative Revenue Growth $52.9M

296%

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Translates to a Relatively Low Cost Per Resident

$179

$342

$133

$0

$50

$100

$150

$200

$250

$300

$350

Contract cities Other WA Cities KCSO Unincorporated

Average Cost Per Capita Comparison

Contract cities

Other WA Cities

KCSO Unincorporated

Avg of 12 Contract cities incl: Burien, Covington, Kenmore, Maple Valley, Newcastle, North Bend, Sammamish, SeaTac, Shoreline, Woodinville, etc.,

Avg of 28 Puget Sound Cities Incl:Auburn, Bellevue, Bothell, Duvall, Edmonds, Federal Way, Issaquah,Kent, Kirkland, Lynnwood, Lake Forest Park, Mukilteo, Puyallap, Redmond, Renton, Seattle, Tukwila, etc.,

2009

35

KCSO is a lean organization compared to both local and national averages

Nat’l Average - 2.7 Per 1000

1.01

1.80

0.77

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

1.40

1.60

1.80

Contract cities Other WA Cities KCSO Unincorporated

Sworn Officers Per 1000 Comparison

Contract cities

Other WA Cities

KCSO Unincorporated

Avg of 28 Puget Sound Cities Incl:Auburn, Bellevue, Bothell, Duvall, Edmonds, Federal Way, Issaquah,Kent, Kirkland, Lynnwood, Lake Forest Park, Mukilteo, Puyallap, Redmond, Renton, Seattle, Tukwila, etc.,

Avg of 12 Contract cities incl: Burien, Covington, Kenmore, Maple Valley, Newcastle, North Bend, Sammamish, SeaTac, Shoreline, Woodinville, etc.,

Lessons Learned – Keys to sustainability

Trust Relationships Local control Identity Shared decision-making Transparency Cost Politics

What’s Next?

“Merger” with an existing department All city police personnel, including Chief, become Sheriff’s

Office employees, staffing reductions through attrition Labor agreements will be negotiated

Shared dispatching, records, evidence

management

Cross-Dispatching with independent cities

Consolidate all police/fire dispatching

Regional Teams (SWAT, K-9, Marine, officer

involved shooting investigations)

What stands in the way?

PoliticsEgosLabor unionsAversion to change

Questions?