js december 9, 2013, teacher's guide - memorial lit....

Editorial addrEss: Junior Scholastic, 557 Broadway, New York, NY 10012-3999 or [email protected] inquiriEs: 1-800-SCHOLASTIC (1-800-724-6527)

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Dear Teacher,In this issue we excerpt Malala Yousafzai’s new book, I Am Malala. This

memoir tells the tale of the young Pakistani’s fight for girls’ education—from a small school in her beloved Swat Valley to the halls of the United Nations. Who is Malala? She is my hero. It seems impossible that she could survive the Taliban’s vicious attack against her and continue to speak out with such poise, courage, and conviction on behalf of girls everywhere. She is a symbol of peace and promise, and I hope she will inspire your students to stand up for themselves and for others. After students read the excerpt, view the video about Malala in your digital edition at www.scholastic.com/js. An additional excerpt appears on p. T-5.

This issue’s intriguing American history feature is sure to turn a stomach or two. We head to Jamestown, where archaeologists recently discovered the first physical evidence of cannibalism during the Starving Time. One of the victims was a 14-year-old girl whom scientists have named Jane. Hear experts discuss their discovery in the video in your digital edition.

The idea for this issue’s GeoSkills came to us from a JS teacher adviser. Thanks, Joyce Gerber! Do you have any story ideas you’d like to share? We’d also love to know what you and your students think of JS this year. Write to us at [email protected].

Sincerely,Clara Colbert

Editor, JS

in our nExt issuE: january 13, 2014• u.s.-iranian rElations• olymPiC PrEviEW

KEY FEATURES cURRicUlUm STAndARdS

ncSS common coRE

in ThE nEwS 5 All EARS

eavesdropping by the u.S. stirs anger at home and abroad.

Individuals, groups, and institutions

RH 2. determine the central ideas or information of a primary or secondary source; provide an accurate summary of the source distinct from prior knowledge or opinions.

inTERnATionAl 6 UnSToppAblE

Meet Malala—a teen who’s waging a courageous campaign for girls’ rights.

Individual development and identity

RI 8.5. Analyze in detail the structure of a specific paragraph in a text, including the role of particular sentences in developing and refining a key concept.

AmERicAn hiSToRY 10 hoRRoR AT JAmESTown

Scientists have found evidence that desperate people of the early American colony ate their dead.

Time, continuity, and change

RH 1. Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of primary and secondary sources.

dEbATE 15 FAiR plAY

Should college athletes be paid?

Production, distribution, and consumption

RI 6.5. Analyze how a particular sentence, paragraph, or section fits into the overall structure of a text and contributes to the development of the ideas.

tEaCHEr’s GuidE

current events®A Supplement to Junior ScholasticVOL. 116, NO. 8 ISSN 0022-6688

dECEmbEr 9, 2013

n common coRE QUESTionS• What activity by the National

Security Agency (NSA) has angered many foreign leaders? (R1 6.2)

• How were the NSA’s actions recently revealed? (RH 2)

n FAST FAcTS• The NSA was established in 1952

but grew out of previous “signals intelligence” agencies going back to World War I.

• After the September 11, 2001, attacks, demand for the NSA’s

in ThE nEwSAll Ears (p. 5) Lexile score: 1110L

wEb linKS• The NSA: www.nsa.gov

• The agency’s reach: nytimes.com/2013/11/03/world/no-morsel-too-minuscule-for-all-consuming-nsa.html

intelligence grew dramatically. The agency’s workforce expanded by about one third, to approximately 33,000, and its budget doubled.

• The NSA’s reach is enormous. In the U.S., it includes the gather-ing of vast amounts of metadata, such as telephone numbers called and the senders and addresses of e-mails. The agency uses metadata to track possible links to terrorist plots, among other things.

n wRiTing pRompTPresident Barack Obama has said, “One of the things we’re going to have to discuss and debate is how are we striking this balance between

the need to keep the American people safe and our concerns about privacy.” What does this “balance” mean to you? What trade-offs might have to be made to achieve it?

n diScUSSion TopicWhy would the U.S. spy on friendly governments? Is the maintaining of “security”—guarding against possible terrorist attacks—justified if you are violating the trust of an ally?

n ExTEnd ThE lESSonDo some research on Edward Snowden. What were his motives? Are we better off knowing what he has revealed? Why or why not?

wEb linKS• Fifteen Things You Didn’t Know About Malala Yousafzai: salon.com/2013/10/10

/15_things_you_didnt_know_about_malala_yousafzai

• Malala Yousafzai’s speech at the United Nations (video): nytimes.com/video /world/europe/100000002333427/girl-shot-by-taliban-addresses-the-un.html

n common coRE QUESTionS• Which passage(s) gave you a sense

of Malala as a regular teen? Which made her seem special? (RI 8.5)

• How did the idea that “the Taliban had never come for a girl” help Malala speak out against them? What does it say about her that she continues to speak out? (RI 6.4)

n FAST FAcTS• Malala was named for Malalai of

Maiwand, a heroine of the Pashtun. Malalai rallied Pashtun fighters in

inTERnATionAlUnstoppable (pp. 6-9) Lexile score: 980L

the 1880 Battle of Maiwand. She was killed, but the Pashtun won a major victory over British troops in the second Anglo-Afghan War (1878-1880).

• The headscarf Malala wore to the U.N. belonged to one of her heroes, Benazir Bhutto. Bhutto, Pakistan’s first female prime minister, was assassinated in 2007. The scarf was a gift from Bhutto’s children.

n wRiTing pRompTHow does Malala describe what it felt like to go to school? How might Malala describe going to school in the United Kingdom?

n diScUSSion TopicIn the days following Malala’s shooting, girls and women all over Pakistan attended rallies where they held up signs that declared “I am Malala.” What do you suppose they meant by that?

n ExTEnd ThE lESSonIf time permits, watch the half-hour documentary made when Malala was 11, just before the Taliban forced her school to close. (Preview it; you might want to skip a few violent scenes.) nytimes.com/video/world /asia/100000001835296/class-dis missed.html

t-2 December 9, 2013 • Teacher’s guiDe • JuNiOr schOLasTic

n common coRE QUESTionS• What significance does Jamestown

have in American history? (RH 2)• What conditions drove some colo-

nists to cannibalism? (RH 1)

n FAST FAcTS• Virginia was named in honor of

King James’s predecessor, Queen Elizabeth I, called “the virgin queen.” The English applied the name to the east coast north of Florida.

• Captain John Smith had already

AmERicAn hiSToRYhorror at Jamestown (pp. 10-13) Lexile score: 985L

wEb linKS• Jamestown chronology: virtualjamestown.org/timeline2.html

• Primary sources: loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials /presentationsandactivities/presentations/timeline/colonial/jamestwn

had a full life, fighting as a mer-cenary for the Netherlands and Austria, when he signed on to accompany the passage to the New World. Historians credit the practi-cal-minded, tough Smith with the colony’s survival in its early years.

n wRiTing pRompTWhat do you think you would have done if you were stuck in Jamestown during the Starving Time?

n diScUSSion TopicAs many students will know, the Disney movie Pocahontas (1995), romanticized the “rescue” of John Smith by the Indian princess. Roy

Crazy Horse, chief of the modern Powhatan Renape Nation, made this statement: “And so it was that another generation was spoon-fed one of America’s fondest myths at our expense.” What did he mean? Why would he have said that? What reasons might John Smith have had for telling the story in the first place? What truths and what lies are told by such myths?

n ExTEnd ThE lESSon Have students do further research on Jamestown. Advanced readers may find David A. Price’s book Love and Hate in Jamestown a fascinating his-tory of the colony and the time.

wEb linKS• Debate Club: usnews.com/debate-club/should-ncaa-athletes-be-paid

• National College Players Association: ncpanow.org

n common coRE QUESTionIn May 1937, President Franklin D. Roosevelt urged Congress to establish a federal minimum wage to ensure that Americans received “a fair day’s pay for a fair day’s work.” Why do you think Ramogi Huma used that phrase in his argument in support of paying college athletes? (RI 6.5)

n FAST FAcTS• Each year, NCAA Division I and II

schools award $2 billion in athletic scholarships to 126,000 students.

dEbATEFair play (p. 15) Lexile score: 1180L

• Nick Saban, the head coach at the University of Alabama, is the high-est-paid college football coach. His annual salary is about $5.5 million.

n wRiTing pRompTHow might paying student athletes change college sports? Write an essay explaining the potential positive and negative effects.

n dEbATE TopicMany people say colleges spend too much money on athletics. According to the Knight Commission on Intercollegiate Athletics, Division I schools with football teams spent $91,936 per athlete in 2010, com-pared with $13,628 per non athlete.

(Most of the money spent per ath-lete goes toward coaches’ salaries and other expenses.) But others say the cost is worth it because sports increase school spirit and help attract students. What do you think?

n ExTEnd ThE lESSonIn 2009, former University of California, Los Angeles, basketball star Ed O’Bannon sued the NCAA for selling his image to video game manufacturers and broadcasting companies without compensating him. Several former and current col-lege athletes have joined the suit. Research the case, and discuss how the judge’s decision could change the business of college sports.

JuNiOr schOLasTic • Teacher’s guiDe • December 9, 2013 t-3

NAMe: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ®

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QUiz wizARd

in ThE nEwS all Ears, P. 5n use a word from this list to correctly complete each sentence.

al qaeda, brazil, Cold War, Edward snowden, federal, france, Germany, intelligence, iraq War, 9/11, Pearl Harbor, President barack obama, security, vietnam War, World War ii

1. The National Security Agency was created during the _________________________________________________________________________________.

2. The NSA is the largest and most secretive of the 16 u.S. ___________________________________________________________ agencies.

3. NSA operations expanded dramatically after ___________. 4. Thousands of secret NSA documents were leaked to

the news media by _______________________________________________________. 5. Chancellor Angela Merkel of _________________________________ was

upset that the NSA had tapped her cell phone.

inTERnATionAl unstoPPablE, PP. 6-8n Put the events below into correct chronological order by writing the appropriate number (1st–5th) in front of each.__________ 6. Malala gives a speech at the united Nations._________ 7. The Khushal School is founded by Malala’s father.__________ 8. On the way home from school, Malala is shot.__________ 9. Malala wins the International Children’s

Peace Prize.__________ 10. Malala starts campaigning for girls’ education.

AmERicAn hiSToRY Horror at jamEstoWn, PP. 10-13n fill in the letter next to the correct answer. 11. Which of the following sent the first english settlers

to Jamestown? A Captain John smith C the Percy Company B King James i D the Virginia Company 12. Who did John smith say “would gather their

harvests before they have planted their corn”? A the gentlemen C Pocahontas and of Jamestown her father B the local Indians D Powhatan’s warriors

13. What did Jamestown survivors call the winter of 1609-1610?

A the Famine C the Horror B the great hunger D the Starving Time 14. Which of the following do archaeologists consider

evidence of cannibalism at Jamestown? A entries in John smith’s diary B hack marks on skeleton bones C a menu traced to 1609-1610 D remains in Pocahontas’s grave 15. Who became the husband of the Indian princess

known as Pocahontas? A Captain John smith C King James I B george Percy D John Rolfe

dEbATE fair Play, P. 15n decide whether each sentence is true, false, or an opinion. Write your answer on the blank line provided.______________________ 16. Marcus Mariota earns a salary playing

football for the university of Oregon.______________________ 17. The NCAA’s rules against paying student

athletes are unfair.______________________ 18. The president of the National College

Players Association thinks that college athletes should be paid.

______________________ 19. Most college athletes go on to play for professional sports teams.

______________________ 20. Some colleges earn millions of dollars from ticket sales, advertising, and TV deals for their sports teams.

diScUSSion QUESTionS • What do you suppose malala meant when she thanked

her brothers “for keeping me still a child”? Why might that be important to her? What conditions in her life would make her not a child?

• What would be some advantages and disadvantages of paying college athletes? Which side of the debate do you support, and why?

How much do you know about what’s in this issue? Take this quiz to find out.

1. For Malala and her classmates, what were some of the pluses and minuses of going to school? ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________

2. How does Malala indicate that she is different from her classmates? What does this tell you about her personality?

____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________

3. What does Malala find most frightening about this time in her life? How does she deal with those fears? _________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________

4. How does Malala’s father reassure her? What does he mean when he compares night and morning? _______________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________

5. How does Malala feel about her family? Which statements or phrases in this excerpt tell you so? __________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________

in Chapter 11 of her book, malala yousafzai describes what life was like in her hometown in early 2008, when she was 10. Pakistan’s army had forced most taliban back into the mountains, but they remained a constant danger. maulana fazlullah, a taliban leader known as the radio mullah, issued threats on the radio, and taliban raiders continued to stage brutal attacks, including murdering their critics and bombing schools. Here is an excerpt from that chapter.

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reaDiNg a Primary sOurce Ri 6.6

“wE Find oUR coURAgE AgAin”

NAMe: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ®

JuNiOr schOLasTic • Teacher’s guiDe • December 9, 2013 t-5

woRdS To Know

• mullah (n): an honorary title given to an Islamic religious leader or teacher

• Jani (n): “dear one”; Ziauddin yousafzai’s nickname for his daughter

our school was a haven from the horrors outside. All the other girls in my class wanted to be doctors, but I decided I wanted to be an inventor and make an anti-Taliban machine

which would sniff them out and destroy their guns. But of course at school we were under threat too, and some of my friends dropped out. Fazlullah kept broadcasting that girls should stay at home, and his men had started blowing up schools, usually during nighttime curfew when the children were not there.

The first school to be blown up was Shawar Zangay, a government girls’ primary school in Matta. We couldn’t believe anyone would do such a thing. Then many more bombings followed, almost every day. Even in Mingora, there were explosions. Twice bombs went off when I was in the kitchen, so close by that the whole house rattled and the fan above the window fell down. I became very scared of going into the kitchen and would only run in and out.

On the last day of February 2008, I was in the kitchen when we heard an enormous blast. It was ear-shatteringly loud and obviously close by. As we always did, we called to each other to make sure we were all safe. . . . Then we heard sirens, one after another, as if all the ambulances of Mingora were passing. A suicide bomber had struck in the basketball court at Haji Baba High School. . . . More than 55 people were killed, including . . . many people we knew. Ten members of Moniba’s family were there and were either killed or injured. Moniba was devastated and the whole town was in shock. . . .

“Are you scared now?” I asked my father.“At night our fear is strong, Jani,” he told me, “but in the

morning, in the light, we find our courage again.” And this is true for my family. We were scared, but our fear was not as strong as our courage. “We must rid our valley of the Taliban, and then no one has to feel this fear,” he said.exCeRPTed FROM THe BOOK I AM MALALA by maLaLa yOusafZai WiTh chrisTiNa Lamb. cOPyrighT ©2013 by saLarZai LimiTeD. rePriNTeD WiTh PermissiON Of LiTTLe, brOWN aND cOmPaNy. aLL righTs reserveD.

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NAMe: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ®


Here are a few clues for you to puzzle over. answers to starred clues are in the article on pp. 10-13. for the rest, you’re on your own!

cRoSSwoRd pUzzlE

AcRoSS 1 Breakfast beverage,

for short

*3 Hunger and disease wiped out hundreds of Jamestown settlers during the _____ Time.

*7 Jamestown president, george _____

*8 english name taken by 7 Down

9 What you do with your little eye

*12 Father of 7 Down

14 To expel, as in a leader

*15 Many of the settlers described themselves as _____ and thought they were above physical labor.

17 Lone Star locale

18 Fingertip

19 Yoga talk

*20 captain John _____ spoke scornfully of the 15 Across of Jamestown.

22 First Roman emperor

down *2 Scientists reconstructed

how _____ might have looked based on her skull.

*3 Hungry settlers ate _____ leather.

4 What the dish did with the spoon (two words)

5 Cold carriers

*6 Jamestown settlers sailed into Chesapeake _____.

*7 Indian princess whose nickname means “mischievous one.”

*10 The only certain image of 7 Down is a _____ painted in england.

*11 The _____ Company of London was formed to establish an english colony.

*12 Instead of _____ crops, Jamestown settlers sought to buy their food from local Indians.

*13 A term used by europeans to describe North and South America in the 16th century: New _____

16 Your mom, in england

19 Not in

21 dwarfs’ chant: Heigh-_____!

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(See pp. 6-8 of the issue.)QUESTionS1. What is taking place in

this cartoon?2. Who does the girl

represent?3. Why are the Taliban

afraid? Why might an educated girl be frightening?

4. How is the cartoon’s title a play on words? How is education a “weapon”?

5. What point is the cartoonist trying to make about the power of learning?

ESSAYIn what ways might an uneducated female population affect a society?

(See p. 5 of the issue.)QUESTionS1. This mural, titled

“surveillance of the Fittest,” was painted on a roadside wall in cologne, germany. What two things does this bald eagle represent?

2. What is the eagle doing? How can you tell?

3. What do you suppose the sheep represent?

ESSAYWhat point do you suppose the artists of this mural were trying to make? Why do you think they chose the title “surveillance of the Fittest”?

VISuAL LITeRACYcARToon AnAlYSiSWrite your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

phoTo AnAlYSiSWrite your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

NICK ANDERSON • WasHinGton Post WritErs GrouP • Cartoonist GrouP

©marius becKer/DPa/cOrbis


Ri 7.4

Ri 6.7

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