jm c#4 black sox scandal

8/14/2019 Jm c#4 Black Sox Scandal

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Baseball h istoryaseball h istory.a s eb al l w as n 't s o mu c h in v e nte d as i t wa s de v el op e d B ro ug h t ov e r fr o m" " ,ngl a n d i n the f orm o f s u ch g a me s a s st o o l b a ll or c r iqu e t i nd i vi du a lsi k e A b n er D o ubl e d ay s o on d e vel o p ed t h e ru l es a n d co n ce pt of t h e ga m e" " . ,aseball in the mid 180 0s The fi rst p rofessiona l team the Cinci nnati Red, , -to ck i ng s w a s fi e ld ed in 1 8 69 a n d ot he r s em i p r o te a m s s o o n f o l low e d in.he ir fo ot s te ps Tr a ve li n g ar o un d t he co un t ry a n d pl a yi ng in p u bl ic pa rk spr e ad k n ow le d ge a n d p o p ula r i ty o f th e g am e u nt il te am s co u l d a c t ual l y. , ,ta r t ch a rg in g p eo p le t o a tte nd B as e ba ll ' s po p ul ar i ty k e pt i n cr ea s in g a n d,y th e t ur n o f t h e ce n t ury i t was a le g it im a te b u si ne s s wi t h tw o m aj o r-e a gue s and n ume r o us m i nor a nd se mi p r o l e a gue s wit h tea m s al l o ve r t he.a t i o n

,he f i rs t W or ld Se ri es wa s sta g e d i n 190 3 an d t he a n nu al co nt e st b e tw ee nhe tw o t op t e ams q uic k l y b e ca me o n e of th e m os t a nt ic i pat e d ev e n ts i n- - . , ,mer i c a co m pa ra b le t o the S upe r Bow l tod a y A t te nd a nc e k ep t r is in g an d, .ol lo w in g W or ld Wa r I t he r e was a n ot he r b oo m i n p op ul a ri ty 1 91 9 s aw.t te n da nc e r ec o rd s b ein g s et i n m an y b al l pa rk s The W orl d Ser i e s t h a t y e a r- - , %as e x pec t e d t o be p r ofit a bl e a n d i t was g en e ra ti n g 50 mo re re ve n ue. ,ha n a ny ot he r W or l d S er ie s t o d at e It w a s su c h a b ig e v ent w i th s o mu c h,on e y fl o wi ng a r ou nd th a t i f s om eo n e co u ld a c tua l l y k n o w t h e ou t c ome, . . .ef o re ha n d th e y co u ld m a ke a pr et t y ti d y pro f it

The Golden Years

The years between 1920 and World War II were the heyday of Babe Ruth, the game'spreeminent legend. Other stars made their names as well: Ruth's durable New York

Yankee teammate, Lou Gehrig; the contentious batting champion Ty Cobb; outstandingpitchers like Lefty Grove, Dizzy Dean, and Walter Johnson; graceful Yankee center fielder

Joe DiMaggio; and sluggers Hank Greenberg and Jimmie Foxx, among others. Fansflocked to the large stadiums built in the 1920s

.

Early History


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Black Sox Scandallack Sox Scandal

.Enter the gamblers There was no one

single mastermind behind the idea of;the fix it was more a collaboration

. , ,of ideas Two however stand out: "above the rest William Thomas Sleepy

" .Bill Burns and Billy Maharg Burns

-was an ex major league pitcher and.was the connection to the playersMaharg was the gambler with the

.connections underground With big,money and even bigger dreams those

two men approached two of the White,Sox players Pitcher Ed Cicotte and

" "


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The ScandalThe Scandal

The Black Sox Scandal tookplace during the 1919 WorldSeries, involving eight playersof the Chicago White Sox. They

were banned from the game ofbaseball due to their

participation in intentiallythrowing some of the games. Aman named Joesph Sullivan wasplanned to supply the players

with the money, expected to be

close to 100,000 dollars.


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oments of the scandaloments of the scandal

Various moments captured of the star

Shoeless" Joe JacksonUnfortunately that is where they werewrong. A lot of people were needed toraise enough money to make the fix

profitable as well as pay off the players,and that meant more people knowingabout the scandal. All those people, ofcourse, bet on the Reds, and they also

told their friends to do the same.


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Pictures Of Joe Jacksonictures Of Joe Jackson


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Facts About Shoeless Joeacts About Shoeless JoeJacksonackson

Name: Joseph Jefferson Jackson

Born: July 16, 1887 in Brandon Mills, South Carolina

Died: December 5, 1951Bats: Left

Throws: RightHeight: 6'1"Weight: 200

Teams: 1908-09 Philadelphia1910-15 Cleveland

1915-20 Chicago White Sox

Position: Outfield and First Base

Joe named his favorite bat "Black Betsy." It was 36-inches long and weighed 48ounces.

He received his nickname "Shoeless," after playing a minor league game in hisstockings because a new pair of spikes had given him blisters on his feet the

previous day.

Joe started out as a pitcher on the mill league team, but because he threw the ballso hard and broke the catchers arm, they placed him in the outfield.

Joe Jackson was suspended from playing baseball in 1920 for allegations of hisinvolvement in the throwing of the 1919 World Series.

M f b h bl k


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More facts about the blackMore facts about the blacksox'ssox's

The Black Sox scandal began with the World Series of October 1919, when eightmembers of the Chicago White Sox baseball team allegedly conspired tolose to the Cincinnati Reds. The Reds won five games to three at a timewhen the series could go to nine games. The scandal did not become publicuntil almost a year later, however. In August 1921, a jury found the accusedconspirators innocent. Nonetheless, the day after their acquittal the newlyappointed commissioner of major league baseball, Judge KennesawMountain Landis, banned them from professional baseball for the rest of

their lives. Gambling had been a presence in baseball long before the Black Sox scandal,

and the major league team owners had done little to limit its influence.Rumors of a fix circulated before, during, and after the 1919 series, but theWhite Sox owner, Charles Comiskey, chose not to investigate them.Prompted by concerns of several journalists and baseball executives, agrand jury investigated allegations over a fixed 1920 season game, whicheventually led to investigation of the 1919 series and the indictment of theeight players. None of the gamblers, such as the notorious Arnold Rothstein,who organized the fix, were charged with a crime, however, partly becausedocuments were stolen and bribes paid.

Five of the playersinfielders Arnold "Chick" Gandil and Charles "Swede"Risberg, outfielder Oscar "Happy" Felsch, and pitchers Ed Cicotte and Claude"Lefty" Williamswere guilty of throwing the five games. Fred McMullin onlybatted twice in the series, and infielder Buck Weaver's only crime wasremaining silent about the fix. The part played by the great hitter "ShoelessJoe" Jackson, who was illiterate, has been debated ever since.

Baseball survived the Black Sox scandal mostly because gambling's influencedeclined and Babe Ruth, beginning his Yankee career in 1920, transformed
http://www.answers.com/topic/hitterhttp://www.answers.com/topic/hitter


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Facts About THE BLACK SOXSacts About THE BLACK SOXS

in article: 1919 World Series

Even before the Series started on October 1, there were rumors among gamblers that the series was fixed,and a sudden influx of money being bet on Cincinnati caused the odds against them to fall rapidly. These

rumors also reached the press box where a number of correspondents, including Hugh Fullerton of theChicago Herald and Examinerand ex-player and manager Christy Mathewson, resolved to compare notes onany plays and players that they felt were questionable. Despite the rampant rumors, gamblers continued to

wager heavily against the White Sox. On the second pitch of the Series, Eddie Cicotte struck Cincinnatileadoff hitter Morrie Rath in the back, signaling the players' willingness to go through with the fix.[3]

Shoeless Joe Jackson

The extent of Joe Jackson's participation in the conspiracy remains controversial. Jackson maintained that he

was innocent. He had a Series-leading .375 batting average, claimed to have thrown out five base runners,and handled 30 chances in the outfield with no errors. However, he batted far worse in the five games thatthe White Sox lost, with a batting average of .286 in those games (which, it should be noted, is not an

altogether bad batting average). Three of his six RBIs came in the losses, including a home run and a doublein Game 8 when the Reds had a large lead and the series was all but over. Still, in that game a long foul ball

was caught at the fence with runners on second and third, depriving Jackson of a chance to drive in therunners. Statistics also show that in the other games that the White Sox lost, only five of Jackson's at-bats

came with a man in scoring position, and he advanced the runners twice.

Jackson, generally considered a strong defensive player, was unable to prevent a critical two-run triple to leftduring the series.

One play in particular has been subjected to much scrutiny. In the fifth inning of Game 4, with a Cincinnatiplayer on second, Jackson fielded a single hit to left field and threw home. The run scored and the White Sox

lost the game 2-0. Chick Gandil, another leader of the fix, later admitted to yelling at Cicotte to intercept thethrow.[4] Cicotte, whose guilt is undisputed, made two errors in that fifth inning alone.

Another argument, presented in the book Eight Men Out, is that because Jackson was illiterate, he had littleawareness of the seriousness of the plot, and thus he consented to it only when Swede Risberg threatened

him and his family.

Years later, all of the implicated players said that Jackson was never present at any of the meetings they hadwith the gamblers. Lefty Williams, Jackson's roommate, later said that they only brought up Jackson in hopes

of giving them more credibility with the gamblers.[3]

Williams, one of the "Eight Men Out," lost three games, a Series record. Dickie Kerr, who was not part of thefix, won both of his starts. Cicotte bore down and won Game 7 of the best-5-of-9 Series; he was angry thatthe gamblers were now reneging on their promises, as they claimed that all the money was in the hands of

bookies. Reportedly the eight players were told to lose Game 8 "or else," and they were trounced by the Redsto end the Series.


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To understand the 1919 Chicago Black Sox scandal, it isnecessary to look back to the 1917 White Sox team that won100 games and captured the World Series. They were led bypitchers Eddie Cicotte and Lefty Williams, and superb hittersShoeless Joe Jackson, Buck Weaver, Chick Gandil, SwedeRisberg and Happy Felsch. Similar players on other teams wereearning up to $20,000 a year. Cicottes salary was $6,000.Williams made just $2,600, and Jackson earned $6,000.Believing that their World Series triumph justified a raise, theSox asked owner Charles Comiskey for more money. Comiskeyrefused their request.

The players became furious, but they knew they couldn't goanywhere. Not anywhere in baseball at least. Because of thereserve clause in every Major League contract, the players

were bound to play for the White Sox in 1918. Furthermore, ifthey played for the Sox in 1918, they were also bound to theteam for 1919 (and so on and so on.) Not too surprisingly, theteam dropped from first place to sixth in the American League.That off-season, Comiskey cut the pay of several players.

The 1919 Chicago Black Sox Scandal: Baseball's Biggest ScandalThe 1919 Chicago Black Sox Scandal: Baseball's Biggest ScandalDestroyed Shoeless Joe Jackson's CareerDestroyed Shoeless Joe Jackson's Career


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The 1919 black sox'sThe 1919 black sox'salmost get away with italmost get away with it

During the grand jury investigation, Cicotte confessed to acceptingthe gambler's money to throw the games that he had pitched.Jackson acknowledged taking the money, but denied that heplayed any less than his best. Weaver denied all involvementwith the scheme. Right before the trial began, the confessionssuddenly disappeared from the prosecutors office. Cicotte andJackson recanted their confessions, and the judge threw theentire case out due to lack of evidence. Something was rottenin the City of Chicago.

However, the major leagues were not so forgiving. The damage tothe sport caused the owners to appoint Judge KennesawMountain Landis as the first Baseball Commissioner in 1920.The day after his appointment, Landis banned the eightimplicated players for life, including future Hall of Famers

Shoeless Joe Jackson and Eddie Cicotte. Neither player has everbeen reinstated.

Until the day that he died, Weaver continued to deny anyinvolvement with the scandal. Shoeless Joe acknowledgedtaking money, but no one could ever prove that he was at allresponsible for throwing the Series.


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BaseballBaseball

SS.O.10.1.3explain how the interactions of citizens withone another help monitor and influencegovernment policy.

SS.O.10.1.5evaluate, take and defend positions on issues

in which fundamental democratic values andprinciples are in conflict (e.g., liberty andequality, individual rights and the commongood, majority rule, minority rights).

jm c#4 black sox scandal

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