St. JE~war~'a (tollege~aga3tne

LIVERPOOL 1957-58 .

ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE

MAGAZINE

Vol. 1. No.4.

LIVERPOOL. 1957-58

CONTENTS

Summer in New York

The Technique of Plastic Surgery ...

A Trip to Yugoslavia

Is Francois Mauriac An Angry Young Man?

My Farthest South ...

My First Visit to the Continent

The Science of Counting

A Visit to Eton Hall ...

Midnight Appointment

Newspapers

Camping

A Visit to the Zoo

On My Bookshelf

Society Notes

House Notes

Prefects

Sports Notes ...

First Fifteen, 1956-1957

Winners of Collegiate Sevens 1957 ...

Senior Athletics Team

First Eleven, 1957

Junior Cross-Country Team

Junior Athletics Team

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All Communications to be addressed to the Editor of the Magazine, St. Edward's College.Sandfield Park, Liverpool, 12.

Bev. Br. J. 6. Robinson

Brother Robinson's most fruitful years as a Christian teacher weredevoted to the senior boys of St. Mary's College, Great Crosby, where hisability and experience produced scholarships and awards so numerous thathis ex-pupils during those years were to be found in almost every universityin the country. He took more pride, however, in recalling the names ofhis many ex-pupils who entered the religious state or became priests. Healways believed that boys were generous by nature and that high ideals, ifplaced before them, would find willing followers. Of this idealism andgenerosity he was himself a great exemplar.

He had already given service to the cause of Catholic education inEngland by some years' teaching in St. Brendan's College, Bristol; andlater went south again to be President of Prior Park College, Bath, wheresi monumentum requiris, circumspice. The College, damaged and shaken bythe second World War, was within six years repaired and reorganised in amanner typical of Br. Robinson who had the vision, optimism and couragethat were called for.

This task done, he returned to that of teaching, this time in St. Edward'sCollege. The interest he took in his pupils and the enthusiasm he brought tohis teaching of the sixth form at an age when many another headmasterhas retired and rested upon his laurels were an inspiration to his colleagues.Even after the onset of the illness that led to his death· it was difficult tokeep him away from the school. He was optimistic and unselfish to the last.

He was a great man. His heart abounded with kindness. His toleranceand sympathy were remarkable, as many of his ex-pupils well know. Heremains in our memory as one outstanding for his sincere love of his fellowmen, a love that was reflected in the merry twinkle of his eye and in hisgood humour and bonhomie as, like his Master, Jesus Christ, he wentabout doing good to men.

Requiescat in Pace.

186 ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE

SU[lOnllOnlelr iII N<eV\v YorlkWhere do I start? Yes, I spent my summer

holidays in New York. I saw the sights, I metpeople, made friends with them, stayed at theirhouses, did everything a tourist should do, anda few things he shouldn't. I know what it's liketo stand at the top of the Empire State building, towalk down Broadway during rush hour, to seeSarah Vaughan in person, to wallow in the inkyblackness of Long Island Sound, fully clothedat an hour when even the fishes had gone to bed.

But how do I start to write an article? Is it anyuse trying to describe the view from a FifthAvenue Penthouse, with the lights of the buildingsreflected in the reservoir, and the searching beamsfrom the Empire State invading the heavens withinfinitely more grace and grandeur than any of thesedog-ridden Sputniks? Is it any use trying todescribe the peace and serenity of Yale, anatmosphere that makes Oxford seem almost dingyby comparison? Dare I talk about the time afriend and I talked from midnight until past five,and walked five miles to the beach when even thesand should have been fresh with dew? And dareI murmur that we were almost sick coming back,because of the beer we'd smuggled to our roomsthe previous evening? And, whilst on the subject,could I possibly mention that German restaurant,where everyone had carved their initials on thewooden tables, where the cheese walked to­wards you if you tapped the table, where a drunkenpianist and a maniacal violin player played " DarkEyes " seventeen times before desperate applausein the middle ofa chorus stopped them, and wherea girl supposed to be drinking gin asked me if shecould taste my beer, and swallowed half of it at agulp?

One has to start somewhere, however, and whatbetter place than the New York skyline? It gaveme infinite pleasure to see this before the Queendid. Doubtlessly her remarks will be treasured longafter mine are forgotten, for the man who pre­pared them for her did a good job. But, in themanner of aNew York tabloid :

" Remember, Liz, I saw it first."New York itself, of course, is wonderful. I

didn't tell this to the New Yorkers, of course;since I was British, they expected under-statementfrom me, and they got it. New Yorkers are alsowonderful. I don't care if they do think that BenHogan would make a better President, or ifCalifornians tend to regard them the way NancyMitford would regard a Liverpool docker:New Yorkers are wonderful.

It isn't the sights themselves that make NewYork so impressive, however. There are things likeUNO, of course, and the various museums andart galleries, but even without these, the city hasa lustre all of its own. Maybe it was me, viewingeverything through the idealistic eyes of youth(!),but New York seemed to be a holiday city,with the cares of industry and the like far away.

Oh, it's all right for you to talk, you may say,you didn't have to work. And as for holiday city,well how far down Brooklyn did you get?Speaking rationally, of course, New York isn'tanything like a holiday city. It's a bustling,thriving place where millions of people sweat fortheir daily bread, and crime is rife. But nothingelse in the city is rational, so surely I can be leftwith one dream?

For me, the most impressive place in New Yorkis Central Park. Once inside it, it is difficult tobelieve that there is a city within the next hundredmiles. Vast expanses of grass, shady clumps of·trees, lakes, a zoo, everything. It's even rumouredthat some New Yorkers, when asked where theywere going for their holidays, replied: "CentralPark."

Sport is as highly regarded over there as it ishere. The mysteries of baseball were finallyexplained to me, and I did my best on behalf ofcricket. It was American football, however, whichintrigued me most. My attention was first drawnto the game when someone pointed out that thereare three umpires-one for each side, and oneneutral. A few years ago, the teams used to spend

ST. EDWARDtS COLLEGE MAGAZINE 187

most of their time on the field going into con­sultive huddles in order to gain five yards, but withthe advent of televised games, all that has stopped.Now they play faster, and go into their huddlesduring the commercials. As far as the rules go,I gather that they are allowed to do openly whatour soccer players do surreptitiously. They aremuch better protected, too.

Broadway? Contrary to popular belief, DorisDay does not walk gaily along the sidewalk, andburst into song at the slightest provocation,accompanied by ethereal violins and ghostly brass.And if she did, I doubt if anyone would notice.Broadway is much too busy.

There is an even nicer place than New York,close by-Long Island. Here, as well as the normalsuburban areas, are the country houses, standing intheir own grounds, and surrounded, not by thebustle of the city, but by trees that were there beforethe houses were built, and will be there long afterthe houses have fallen to ruin. The beaches thereare kept in remarkably clean condition, and allprivately owned.

And what else is there? Randall's Island. Justwhat this island is, or what goes on there, I don'tknow. I only know that I saw one of the mostimpressive jazz concerts there that I have everseen. Picture the scene for y~urself-a backclothof stars, with moonlight and spotlight blending onthe t41tage; and the music-Basie, with all theswinging power of his "One O'Clock Jump" ;Braff, with his quietly rocking" Mean To l\1.e" ;the crouching figure of the greatest trumpet player

in the world, Miles Davis, and the almost liquiddistillation of his muted, magical " WalkingShoes"; Coleman Hawkins vibrant "LoverCome Back To Me"; Stan Getz, very small andvery white, with a ballad selection that waswafted through the giant audience like the smokefrom the hundreds of cigarettes; Sarah Vaughan,at her most dramatic with "Poor Butterfly",and her most amusing with a scat version of" HowHigh The Moon"; and the one fly in theointment-Dave Brubeck. That was Randall'sIsland-a magical night that began at seven andended in the wee small hours.

Oh, there are things to remember, all right. Thelocal disc-jockey, who played more FrankSinatra records than all the others put together ;the boy who asked me if we had cars in England ;the sound two trombones and a piano make whenplayed in a small apartment, round midmght;the restaurants where I had to wear a waiter'sjacket because they wouldn't let me eat in my shirtsleeves; the difficulties of sleeping in a bed threeinches shorter than I was; the rapt attentiongiven to the Modern Jazz Quartet when theyplayed in Central Park, and Errol Garner's gruntsof excitement as he played; the silence that fallson Third Avenue just before dawn, when footstepsecho hollowly down the streets; a cafe radioplaying "Body And Soul" while you sit anddrink coffee after coming out of a theatre, sit, anddrink coffee, and wish that it all would go on forever ...

That, then, was summer, in New York.MICHAEL GIBSON, 6A Mods.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.We acknowledge with thanks the receipt of the following :-the Magazines of

Prior Park College, Bath, St. Brendan's College, St. Joseph's College, St. Anselm'sCollege, Preston Catholic College, St. Bede's College, Upholland College, St.Francis Xavier's College, Clonmel High School; and The Torch, The Beacon, TheGrammarian, The Quarry, St. Boniface's College, Pretoria College, KimberleyCollege, St. Bonaventure's College, St. John's, Newfoundland, and The Ionian.

We "look forward with interest to the next number of each of these Magazines.

188 ST. EDWARD~S COLLEGE MAGAZINE

Tlme Techni(g[lUle o1f lPlast[c SUlFg<ery..-nECONSTRUCTIVE or Plastic Surgery is1[\ that branch of General Surgery that deals

with bodily defects and malformations of both acongenital and acquired nature, its aim beingnot only to repair such defects from a cosmeticpoint of view but also to restore function to thedamaged part. Such is a general definition ofplastic surgery and I shall endeavour in thefollowing few words to enlarge on it and to showjust how vast an art plastic surgery is today.

Everyone has heard of skin-grafting whichcan be roughly defined as the transplantation ofskin from one part of the human body to anotherin order to repair an injured tissue. Skin forsuch transplantations is normally taken from thepatient's own body (autogenous grafts) as suchgrafts take permanently, whereas skin taken fromany other body (homogenous grafts) only lastsfor a short period.

To cut the graft the plastic surgeon uses aninstrument called a Dermatome which consists ofarotating drum attached ingeniously to a verysharp blade. As this instrument is pushed overthe skin a graft of regulated thickness can becut and collected in the rotating drum.

In the treatment of bad burns, for instance, theautogenous graft is used. The wound is firstspecially prepared and the graft cut and trans­planted and bound by special dressings. After ashort while the dressings are removed, leaving asmooth surface underneath. There are many usesof this graft, such as the healing of large cuts ordamaged tissue where natural healing cannottake place or takes too long.

Even though the homograft is not permanentplastic surgery makes use of it in many cases andit has developed the term "Time Snatcher," avery appropriate name, as I shall presently show.For children especially the homograft has provedan indispensable part of plastic surgery, for inmost burning accidents with children more orless all the body is involved and the autograftcannot be made.

In one such case, a child was badly burnedand death was inevitable unless some skin couldbe replaced immediately. Most of the skin wasinvolved, thus making an autograft impossible.The child, however, had a sister and grafts weretaken from the sister and transferred to thepatient even though permanency was known tobe impossible. The graft lasted for about threeweeks but during this time the patients ownbodily defences revived and when the homografthad begun to peel off her own skin had begunto scarify.

Perhaps one of the most spectacular operationsinvolving the homograft was carried out recentlyin a similar case to the above. Instead of takinggrafts wholly from one sister however andtransplanting them on to the patient, flaps ofskin were turned from the donor sister on to thesufferer so converting the two sisters temporarilyinto Siamese twins. The results were the same :time was gained, enough to set the patient's ownbodily defences working and both sisters lived.

Some people seem to think that the realm ofthe plastic surgeon ends here, and that skingrafting is all he can do. Nothing could be furtherfrom the truth.

Bone can be grafted in much the same way asskin, that is to say autogenous grafts are nearlyalways used but mixed grafts can also be used inthis case. When a jaw has been broken or areceding chin is being corrected, lengthwise cutsare made in the remaining fragments of jaw boneby a revolving electric saw and then a wedge ofbone is inserted having previously been obtainedfrom the ilium, tibia, or ribs and already has anatural curvature. The whole is then carefullycarved into shape and the soft tissues replaced,leaving a perfect chin after time has been givenfor the graft to fuse with the original fragmentsand form once more a whole jaw-bone.

Carving pieces of bone, however, demandsgreat skill and even may not look as natural as itshould do. So it was that Kiliner and his

ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE 189

colleagues invented a method whereby bone forthe graft was broken up into small chips. Thechips were then packed into the gaps of jawbone prepared as above, the soft tissues coveredover, the whole bound in a special dressing.All the chips fuse together to form a new jawbone just as in the above case.

The advantage of this method is easily seen,for it is much easier to mould the packed chipsinto the desired shape than to carve a piece ofbone. Very natural results are obtained byKiliner's method.

At first, during bone operations, autografts werenot used. Broken noses for example werefrequently repaired with a piece of ox-bone oreven ivory, but results were far from permanentand the graft collapsed and a second operationwas needed.

Very recent innovations, however, suggestedthat there are exceptions to the autograft rule.American surgeons experimented with an inertmetallic substance called Vitallum with veryencouraging results. Later they tried Tantalumwith even better results.

Tantalum is a black mineral and is one of themost inert of substances. It has another propertygreatly enhancing its use in plastic surgery. It isextremely malleable, it can be worked and bentinto any desired shape and also can be made intosheets of extreme thinness.

Tantalum has been used extensively in plasticsurgery principally for repairing defects of theskull. Take, for instance, the case of the existenceof small holes in the skull caused by operation orinjury, etc.

The plastic surgeon takes a mould of thedefect just as a dentist does of the teeth. Fromthis mould he prepares a plate of Tantalum of theexact shape then screws the plate onto the skullin position by Tantalum screws. The skin is thenstitched back over the plate or a graft is madeand the skull is once more whole.

This metal has been used for the repair ofmany bone defects and also in the reconstruc­tion of noses to replace the missing cartilage.

Cartilage grafting -can be considered along with

bone grafting and it is very similar. There ismuch I would like to say on this subject but spaceforbids, so I shall describe just one operationusing the cartilage graft to try and point out howuseful and how important it can be. The opera­tion is that of the making and replacing of a newear.

The ear is first fashioned from skin but is ofno use because it is so soft that it collapses.Something strong and resilient must be intro­duced to enable the skin to keep its shape. Thissubstance is found in cartilage.

The first thing the plastic surgeon does is toobtain material from the ribs and cut it intocoarse flakes. Meanwhile a mould is prepared.Tantalum is prepared the exact shape of theear required including the curves. The mouldis perforated by a number of small holes to allowthe contained cartilage flakes to obtain nutriment.The two parts of the Tantalum mould _arearranged so that the space between them filledwith flakes is no more than four millimetres apart.This space determines the thickness of the sheetof cartilage.

Mter the flakes have been packed into themould the whole is buried beneath the abdominalskin in a prepared position and left there forseveral months varying from three to seven.When the cup is finally removed and opened thereis a perfect sheet of cartilage the exact shape of theear. The sheet is trimmed and then introducedto the skin ear, that has been previously graftedinto position, the result being a perfectly re­constructed ear.

Nerve surgery is perhaps the epitome of theplastic surgeon's success. Nerves can be, and are,damaged easily, and every-day accidents such asfracturing an arm can cause the nerve to besevered and the use of the arm can be endangeredif not attended to.

Surgical operations such as the delicate oneof the removal of the radical mastoid, during whicheven experienced surgeons could sever a nervewith the result that one half the face would beparalysed, could not only lead to the most terribledisfigurement but also make the act of eating

190 ST. EnwARDtS COLLEGE MAGAZINE

difficult. Such causes as these started the needfor nerve surgery.

When a nerve has been simply cut the two endscan be brought together and stitched with fairlysatisfactory results, but when a nerve has beendamaged and there is a gap between two ends thismethod cannot be adopted for to stretch thenerve to fill the gap would shorten the nerve toomuch and cause disaster which may prove adeformity worse than that which it is sought tocorrect.

During the war a Russian military surgeoninvented a method. A piece of nerve from arecently dead body was inserted into the gap andjoined at the tom ends. The object of this was notto replace the missing part but to provide a bridgeover which the tom ends are joined together bynatural healing.

Another method had to be used in peace time,however, owing to the difficulty in gettingrelatives) permission to use the nerves of thedeceased.

The method used is that of " Cuffs )'. Theseare in fact tubes of tissue obtained from otherparts of the body through which the severedends ofthe nerve can grow together. It is analogousto the Russian method above.

It is of interest to mention here that thetransplantation of a living nerve is also practicableand has been carried out successfully in recentyears. The only difficulty here is the source of thenerve for the graft, for obviously little purposeis served in restoring nervous function in one partof the body at the cost of it in another.

I have only space to describe one operationthat comes under the heading of functional.This is the meth<:>d of replacing a lost thumb.The operation was performed by Nicoladoni andis one of the most spectacular of the whole rangeof modem reconstructive techniques. It consists intransplanting the big toe to the part from whichthe thumb had been severed and adjusting it tonew use. First the bone of the big toe is exposedand the skin is raised as a flap. Tendons, musclesand arteries are carefully severed and preserved.The stump of the thumb is brought down to the

toe and the bone of the toe is stitched to the boneof the stump. The tendons are connected, the skinflap is wrapped over and secured. The patientis held in a bent position for about a month bymeans of a plaster cast which extends downwardsfrom the shoulder blade. At the end of this timethe cast is removed, the hand and foot separatedand the patient has gained some sort of thumb atthe cost of a toe, the loss of which is not so seriousas that ofa digit.

Finally, I come to that part of Plastic Surgeryknown today as (( the quest of beauty".

Face-lifting is a method of smoothing outexcessive wrinkles. Wrinkles are of course anindispensable characteristic of the human facewithout which the face would be a mask devoid ofexpression. Exaggerated wrinkles, however, canlook ghastly and plastic surgery seeks to remedythis.

The method of face-lifting is simple. Anincision is made high up on the forehead just abovethe temple, such that the scar will be hidden by thehair. The loose skin is then carefully drawn up tosmooth out the wrinkles and excess removed. Thewound is closed by stitches and left. The character­istic lines soon return but the deep furrows nolonger contour the face.

Double chins are corrected in much the sameway but in this operation the cut is made in thescalp behind the ear, hidden by the hair.

Missing noses can be replaced, a..'"1.d the methodI shall briefly describe is known as the Tag­glicottian Method.

In order to understand this operation the readermust imagine his arm to be strapped over his headin such a position that the skin covering the bicepsmuscle is in contact with his nose. Such is theposition of the patient during the operation. Firstof all, however, before the arm is strapped into thisposition the flap of skin was half raised from theskin covering the biceps muscle, the flap stillremaining attached to the arm at the end remotefrom the shoulder. The arm is then brought tothe position described above, and the tongue ofskin sutured into position. (One can imagine theskin flap joining the arm to the nose). The whole is

ST. EDWARDtS COLLEGE MAGAZINE 191

left for several days until the graft has " taken ",and then the flap is severed, thus freeing the armand leaving a lump of skin in the position of thenose. The plastic surgeon moulds this into aperfectly shaped nose. The purpose of keeping thearm attached to the nose was so that the skinflap could be supplied with blood from the arm.

A badly humped nose is, however, much moreeasily corrected and indeed the operation isperformed whilst the patient is under localanaesthesia.

The operation is carried out entirely fromwithin the nose so that not even the slightest scaris left. Special instruments are used to make an

incision at the level of the bridge, then smallsaws are introduced to cut off the small part of bonethat causes the hump.

In such an operation precise judgement isrequired, for over-correction could cause an un­fortunate result. Sometimes before the operationthe Plastic Surgeon may take photographs to study,or he may even make plasticine models of the nosecorrection to estimate precisely how much is to beremoved.

Protruding ears are aesthetically corrected byexcision of cartilage. Hare lips no longer condemna person to a life long stigma.

TERENCE F. MOORHEAD, 6A Science.

A. lLlrL1P> to YugoslaviaMy father is a captain of a cargo ship and two

years ago he asked my mother and me to come withhim to Yugoslavia. Of course we agreed. Luckilyfor me it was in the summer holidays.

Two weeks went by, then we started out andcaught the train from Liverpool to London.

A couple ofhours later we arrived at London. Westepped out of the train and got a taxi to our hotel.We stayed at London over night. In the morningwe had to get up very early so as to get to the airterminal in time. At the air terminal you get yourluggage weighed and join the bus for the airport.

When we arrived at the airport we changed ontoanother bus which took us to the plane. We verysoon took off. We were in the plane five and a halfhours.

It was nice and warm in Gibraltar but we had toleave soon. When we had been in Gibraltar for acouple of days, my father arrived in the ship. Thereason he came to Gibraltar was so that he couldget some oil in the oil tanks. He was only stayingfor a few hours, so we had to be aboard in thattime. We had to go out to the ship in a tenderand then climb up a rope ladder.

On deck all the sailors were lined up ready togreet us. Very soon the telegraphs were pulled tostand-by and then full ahead. Once under way we

were fine. There was a strong breeze and the sunwas very strong. Some of the coast was out ofsight most of the time but the coast we saw waspretty. As we were going we saw Algeria, Sicily,and then we turned round the heel of Italy into theAdriatic Sea. After two weeks at sea we arrived atSplit in Yugoslavia.

The people there are very poor and are nearlyalways swimming in the lido. The weather thereis very warm and we were often swimming inthe lido. Their main means of transport is bydonkey but some people have cars.

Soon it was time to start home, the ship hadfinished unloading the cargo. We were soon underway heading for home. We saw some flying fishand a couple of turtles.

On the homeward bound trip we called in atAlgeria and got some cargo. It was iron ore. Wewere soon going through the Straits of Gibraltar.A couple of days went by then we turned roundCape Finisterre into the Bay of Biscay. It wasrough in the Bay of Biscay and we were rolling abit. We soon turned into the English Channel,making fast progress for Newcastle. When wearrived there my mother and I had to go becauseit was the beginning of the term.

GERARD M. STUBBS II R.

192 ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE

For much too long now, we observers of theliterary scene have been plagued by a group ofwriters who are known, collectively and individuallyas Angry Young Men. (Note the use of capitalletters: this is a distinction not afforded to theangry young men in Hollywood, who launchbitter attacks on Grandma Moses, and can'tafford a suit.)

Angry Young Men-that is how these writersare described by the popular press. Even LordBeaverbrook has no answer to them. It isn'tonly the popular press who use this cliche,however ; the more reputable papers have followedsuit. There is, in fact, a heated controversy goingon at the moment. Who thought of the expressionfirst, " The Daily Sketch", or " The Observer" ?(If the former are awarded the verdict, then " TheManchester Guardian " is threatening to serialise" A View From The Bridge.")

This state of affairs, however, is far fromsatisfactory. We all know how Foulenough hasstarted several debates in the press, simply bywriting one letter to a newspaper, and thensending another arguing desperately against thefirst, but this time, it is the press who are foolingus. There are no Angry Young Men.

Not long ago, one of the more reputable papers,in a second leader, launched into a real diatribeagainst the aforementioned species. But who­ever wrote the leader made the unforgiveableblunder of not mentioning any names, and this, ofcourse, is a cardinal error. Every journalist knowsthat it is names that matter. Ifit is ever announcedjust what brand of shaving soap MargaretRutherford uses, then half the women in Englandwill start trying to grow beards. Similarly withAngry Young Men. Names are all important,but strangely absent. Even a master who drew ourattention to the article with some relish, merelymuttered an aside about " Colin Wilson and thatlot ... ", with an airy wave of the hand. SomersetMaugham, only last week, wrote two columns onthe same subjeet,without mentioning a single name.

Well, where does all this leave us? Maugham,I think, we can discount straight away. He, themost over-rated of all novelists, launched onecriticism against the Young Men, on the groundsthat the characters they wrote about were" scum".By the same process of reasoning, then EnidBlyton is the greatest writer of all time.

Now then: name one Angry Young Man,apart from Colin Wilson. No, not TommyBolt, you fool. No, Sinatra isn't young enough toqualify, and Lord AItrincham isn't man enough.We'l1let you have Colin Wilson, then. Apart frombeing the most outrageous young charlatan, whoif he read all the books he pretends to haveread, succeeded magnificently in misinterpretingevery one of them, he's an Angry Young Man.But who else is there?

Oh, you can trot out the usual list-JohnOsborne, Kingsley Amis, J000 Wain, and JohnBraine. But, if you examine these authors closely,you will find that none of them really gratifies forthe title of Angry Young Man.

Let us consider Amis first. To begin with, thereis one great pyschological factor that prevents himfrom joining the Wilson brigade-his name.I ask you, could someone with a name likeKingsley Amis be either young or angry? Thename itself, surely, conjures up visions of either anelderley poet of the Ezra Pound school, or aretired Cornish fisherman. Even if the unimagin­ative amongst you dismiss this as pure whimsy,then we can exempt him on purely logical grounds."Lucky Jim" is, after all, only light-heartedcomedy, set against a background with which Amisis familiar-a redbrick, provincial university.(Waugh, at least, set his scene at Oxford, andForster, too, seems to prefer Cambridge toSwansea.)

JoIm Wain? !Ie too, is essentially a comicwriter. His "Living In The Present", forexample, is as funny a book as " Lucky Jim", evenifit isn't as suitable as a vehicle for Ian Carmichael.

Braine has one book to his credit, so far, a

ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINB 193

rather macabre, unoriginal story about a youngman who marries a girl for her money and position,and then learns that his mistress (a married womanwith whom he is in love, ofcourse) has killed herselfin a car crash, and crawls half a mile along a darkroad with a steering wheel sticking out of herstomach, before she dies. Braine hasn't even gotthe imagination to be angry. Besides, one can'twrite a successful book if the leading character iscalled Joe Lampton. It just won't do; JimmyPorter, yes but not Joe Lampton.

Jimmy Porter, of course, brings us to JohnOsborne. He, it must be confessed, is pretty nearthe borderline, at times: he's not quite an AngryYoung Man however, and he is, I'm happy to say,getting further away from Wilson and his followersevery day. "Look Back in Anger" needs littleexplanation, and even less defending. It is aboutan Angry Young Man, certainly, but that doesn't

mean that Osborne is one. After all, if that werethe case, then Defoe would be in rather an em­barrassing position. Osborne's latest play, " TheEntertainer" must surely have banished allsuspicion; it has absolutley nothing to do withAngry Young Men, and, more important, is afine play, as was its predecessor.

Where are we now then? We have Colin Wilsonleft in splendid isolation. Let the opprobrium dueto these Angry Young Men, let all the criticismaimed at them fallon his shoulders, for he, really,is the only one of his contemporaries who can belabelled a fraud. The others, Osborne in particular,have brought about a renaissance in EnglishLiterature, have administered a real shot in thearm to it. And if these are to be sneered at asAngry Young Men, then where will it all end?When will we reach the final, inevitable question :is Francois Mauriac an Angry Young Man?

MICHEAL GIBSON, 6 A Mods.

Mly Falrtlhtest §<O>lIlthWe left at ten in the morning. It was luckily

quite warm for it was in March. We travelled inthe car, quickly and comfortably. The first part ofour journey was dull. Jt was through Widnes andWarrington. When we got into the country it waslovely, the sun was shining on the flowers andilluminating them. Not long after that we startedgoing through the old towns such as Kidder­minster, Wellington and many others.

Then on a quiet road we stopped for dinner.We had ham sandwiches and tomato sandwichesand lettuce and salt and lots ofother nice things.There was an engine shunting not far away. Itsounded nice in the background.

We started on our journey again and soon wecame to Bristol where we met our uncle outside theBristol Aeroplane Company. When we reachedthe flat there was a nice tea ready for us, then we

went to bed. In the morning we had our breakfast,packed a nice lunch and set off for Cheddar. Onthe way we went under the Clifton SuspensionBridge known as the" Suicide Bridge". We gotto Cheddar and we went in the Gothic Caves.Now and then a bat flew past us, the stalactites andthe stalagmites were lit up. It was very cold.

When we came out we had our dinner and webought some cheese. It was lovely. Seeing we hadsome time left we went to Wells. The oldcathedral was beautiful with its marvellouswindows. Next day after church we went toClevedon in Somerset. It was a hot day and wewere able to paddle in the sea. You could seeright over the ocean to the horizon. We all had ourdinner and we had such big appetites all the foodwent, then we went back to the flat packed ourbags and went home.

STEPHEN WARDLE HR.

1~4 ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE

M[y First VllSlt to tlht<e CO][lltinerltIt was during the Easter Holidays that I first

met Lievin Janssens. He had come to this countryto improve his English; already he could speakFlemish, German, French and Dutch quitefluently. During his stay here Lievin and Ibecame firm friends and he asked me if I would

. spend part of my summer holidays at his home inBelgium. I was only too willing to accept thisinvitation and eagerly looked forward to the daywhen I would leave the shores of England behindme for the first time.

It was a cold, wet night when I set out all alonefrom Lime Street Station on the midnight trainfor London. I arrived in London at 6 a.m. havinghad a few restless hours of sleep on the train.I had my breakfast in a cafe and then went into theWestminster Cathedral and spent a few momentsthere. I then boarded an almost empty train forDover and set off on a pleasant journey. I arrivedat Dover feeling quite happy and boarded the boat.I seated myself next to a cheerful looking, red­hair~d chap who told me that he was going toCologne to do his National Service, and he wasactually looking forward to it.

During the voyage, I bought two ice-creams asit was rather hot and the boat was crowded. WhenI asked the Belgian steward how much they werehe replied " Two shillings and fourpence please"-whew! I first stepped down on to Continentalground at ten minutes past four at Ostend.

My friend Lievin was there to meet me and weimmediately boarded a stream-lined, electric trainwhich was to take us to Brussels. The train wentalong at whirlwind speed and the cornfields andhaystacks whipped by. At Brussels, we changedtrains for Genval, the nearest station to Lievin'shome at Rixensart. What a difference there was inthe cleanliness and tidiness of the stations com­pared with those in England. As the train sped ontowards Genval, we passed hundreds of green­houses with grapevines in them and it was verydazzling with the sun shining on all the glass. Onarrival at Genval we took a taxi to Lievin's home

at Rizensart which is approximately 18 miles southof Brussels.

I was greeted at the door by Lievin's parents, andhis sister and cousin. After a large and tasty meal,I made my way wearily upstairs to bed-I hadbeen travelling almost continuously for 18 hours.

My first few days were spent in local sight­seeing. At Genval we visited the paper-millwhich is reputed to be the largest in the world.While I was there, I was told that to bring thetimber from the station to the mill, a large cranehad to lift each railway truck from the lines onto,a lorry, then each truck was taken by the lorry for200 yards to the paper-mill, and then the lorrywould return empty for the next truck; why theycan't build a side line from the station to the millI don't know. As we made our way along the wideconcreted streets of Genval I noticed in the shopsand numerous cafes such signs as "luvly Coca­Cola" and advertisements for Orno and otherEnglish products. At Genval, there is a beautiful,tree-lined lake and on one side is a buildingsimilar to the chateaux seen in France. Thisbuilding is owned by " Schweppes " and here, themineral waters which are used in their world­famous drinks flow naturally out of the ground.

My most interesting days in Belgium were spentat Brussels, Waterloo, Namur and Antwerp. Wepassed two days looking round Brussels, travellingabout on single or double trams, rattling alongcobbled streets, with policemen in white helmetsshouting at the top of their voices, and blowing ontheir whistles at the careless drivers. The Palace ofJustice in Brussels is the largest building I haveever seen and it is said to be the largest of its kindin the world. It stands out amongst the surroundingbuildings as an ocean liner does amongst fishing­smacks. The floors of this building are done inbeautiful stone mosaics and the walls are coveredwith intricately-carved wooden designs. Mter this,we went for a tram-ride along the busy streets to theancient Town Hall and medieval buildingssurrounding it. This was a truly magnificent

ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE 195

sight as the buildings are covered in gargoyles andother stone-carvings painted in gold, and whenthe sun shone on them they glittered like diamonds.From the top of one of the Town Hall's towers,we could see in the distance a building verysimilar to an American skyscraper: it was theheliport owned by Sabena Airways, and it isbeing opened at the beginning of the UniversalExhibition which is being held in Brussels thisyear. After looking at many other interestingsights we returned to the station on the tram;on the trams, you can purchase a ticket for fiveshillings or more and use it each time you go on thetram, this is much easier for the conductors andpassengers alike.

A few days later, we went to Waterloo where thefamous battle was fought. The land is very flat inthis part and as you approach the site, a hill about500 feet high can be seen and on the top is therenowned monument, Le Lion de Waterloo. It isa most impressive monument and the hill on whichit stands is built of the weapons and other warmaterials found after the battle. Over 60,000 ofNapoleon's soldiers were killed during the battleand"Victor Hugo said after it." Foudroyer d'un tel mot Ie tonnerre qui vous tuec'est vaincre."

Nearby is a circular building known as thePanorama of Waterloo and we went inside. I wasamazed at the sight before me. Completely roundthe wall of the building was a full colour painting,exact in every detail, of the Battle. I t was paintedby one man only and he spent 20 years doing it.

There were many souvenir shops there and tobuy an article, one had to bargain with theproprietor. My friend managed to reduce theprice of a souvenir for his sister from 12s. to8s. 6d. I was very annoyed with myself however,that day, because the weather was perfect forsnaps and I had left my camera behind.

The next spot we visited was Namur which isbuilt at the confluence of the Rivers Meuse andSambre in the foothills of the Ardennes. Here, theMeuse winds its way through the hills and vales,and the scenery would attract any country lover.Where the rivers meet there is a hill about 650 feet

high and at the top is a citadel. To get there youcan either walk or go on the Teleferique (cable­railway). As it was very hot, we decided to belazy and go the easy way. The cars on theTeleferique are made to carry two people and theytravel up the cable at about 5 m.p.h. so that youhave plenty oftime to admire the view. We ate ourlunch at the top, but we were not allowed insidethe citadel because it is being turned into a modernarmy headquarters. Then we made our way downthe hill, on foot this time, and after a rest returnedhome by train.

Towards the end ofmy stay, we visited Antwerp,the chief port of Belgium on the River Scheldt.We looked at the colourful stalls in the marketplace and then made our way to the zoo. I havenever seen so many animals and fish as I did inthis zoo; there were buffaloes, elephants,lions and even mice, and angel-fish, octopuses andhundreds of other animals and fish. It is awonderful place this zoo and it is so great that webarely sawall the animals in 4 hours. We thenmade our way by ~us down to the river. At St.Anna Strand we got on a small boat and chuggedaway from the quayside. On the far side of theriver we could see a ship being loaded with storesbefore sailing for the Congo and in the distancebehind, the white spires of Antwerp Cathedraltowered above the surrounding buildings. As wedrifted along I realized that my holidays inBelgiumwould soon be over and in a few days I would besaying farewell to my Belgian friends and returningto Liverpool. I could hardly believe it, the twoweeks had seemed more like two days. We gotoff the boat at Ste. Anne Plage and walked througha tunnel under the River, similar but on a smallerscale, to the Mersey Tunnel. The train that tookus back to Brussels was pulled by a steam­locomotive, the only one I saw during my wholestay in Belgium.

The next few days flew by, and having thankedmy generous hosts I said goodbye and set off aloneon the long journey home. Although Liverpoollooked as grim as ever in the still night, after I hadsunk down in a comfortable armchair I realized thetruth in the words: " There's no place like home"

M. DUKES 6A Mods.

196 ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE

HIEIWGLYPH IC HIERATIC ENGLISHPHOENICIAN S'YP,IAC

I I cF 1J / f

II I I Gt.~ ~ 2III III 0,'1 f// 3II II \ III ~~l f/r' 4

1/111 III 1/ 1·) ~ 5n ~

AJA~ 7 10In I~ IA 7 I Inn Q}z.=; ~ 0 20fJ ~PI.)otV j "[' 100

way of writing numbers. Here is a number inBabylonian style: VV~VV

It looks like six arrow-heads pointing in dif­ferent, directions, because they wrote makingwedge shaped marks in soft clay. The number hereis 142, and this is how it is made up: 60 + 60(the first two large arrow-heads) + 10 + 10 (thetwo little arrow-heads) + 1 + 1 (the last twolarge arrow-heads) = 142. The same largearrow-heads stand for sixty as for one, accordingto their position at the beginning or end of anumber. The Babylonians used to count insixties instead of in hundreds. In fact, our sixtyseconds and sixty minutes on the clock camefrom their way of counting.

Apart from Babylonian sixties and Egyptianhundreds there have been-and still are-manyother ways of counting. Some tribes have countedby fives, because we have five fingers on eachhand; some by twos, because we have two handsand two feet, two eyes and two ears; and somelike the Eskimos, by twenties because we have

lflhle Scm.(e][llce of <Colu[nttiullgMen have always felt that numbers held some­

thing of the world's mystery. Pythagoras, theGreek philosopher, made a religion out of them.Plato and many other thinkers have spoken ofGodand creation as the One and the Many. There havealways been sacred numbers such as three andseven. Even more mystery lies in "infinity",which is vastness beyond numbers.

Numbers are alike allover the world-evenmore alike than the fingers on which so manypeople count them. If you were in China andwanted halfa dozen eggs, you might not know howto ask for them; but ifyou held up six fingers andpointed to the eggs you would get your halfdozen eggs. And the same thing would happen inMexico or Zanzibar or anywhere else. The namesof the numbers would differ, but the numbers forwhich they stand are the same allover the world.

The early people learned to count on theirfingers'just as children do to-day. Even now youcan see the natives of Africa counting on theirfingers. Of course they do not go very high, butthey can count as far as necessary. If they wantto remember a number they make a few notches ona stick or scratches on a stone.

When people had learned to write, they soonfound a way ofputting down numbers. At first theyjust made some kind of simple mark- I I I forthree and II! I I" for five. But they could notwrite any very large numbers in this fashion. Sothe earliest writers that we know, the Egyptians,invented a special mark for ten-it was like a Uturned upside down. They could make plainmarks up to nine, but then they would start allover again. n was ten, In was eleven, IIn wastwelve, IIIn was thirteen IIInnn was thirtythree and IIIInnn II Inn was fifty seven.

These were all such simple signs that anyEgyptian could read them and keep his accountseven though he could not read and write thelanguage he spoke.

But not all the old peoples used such an easymethod. The Babylonians had a more difficult

ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE 197

ten fingers and ten toes. But most Europeanshave always counted in tens, like the Egyptiansbecause of the ten fingers on the two hands.

Thus the Greeks, who learned from theEgyptians and Phoenicians, took ten for theirbasic number; but instead of mere marks for one,two, three, and other numbers, they used lettersfrom their alphabet. The Greek word for" five"began with the letter p, or 77', and the letter stoodfor" five". The word ten began with d or 8, andthat sign stood for " ten ", and so on for all theother numbers with combinations as they grewlarger. This method was rather clumsy and mademathematics exceedingly difficult.

The Romans used a few plain marks togetherwith a few letters, and made up a system that wasa good deal easier. For one, two and three theyused plain marks. For five they used a V, whichseems at first to have been the picture of a hand,and for ten they used two of these one of themupside down below the other like this: ~

In time this sign became an X. For fifty theyemployed L, for a hundred C, for five hundred D,and for a thousand M.

They never used to write more than threestraight marks together-I, II, III for one, twoand three. Four was IV, or one from five, andnine was IX, or one from ten. So XC was ninety,or ten from a hundred. This is somewhatsimilar to the way we say " a quarter to twelve "for forty-five minutes after eleven.

Addition and subtraction in Roman numeralslooks very difficult until you actually try it. ARoman would probably have done it like this:

X VII 17XX IV 24LXXX VIII 88XXX III 33

C LX II 162

(Carry C) (Carry XX)Counting by Roman numerals was better than

the older ways of counting, and the methodremained for nearly two thousand years. As late asme middle ages most scholars still added andsubtracted in the signs that had come down fromancient Rome.

Yet long before that time there were far betternumerals-those we are still using to-day. Andthese came from the Arabs. But the Arabicnumerals did not by any means replace the Romannumerals at once. In fact, they took severalcenturies to do so and meanwhile the two systemslived on side by side, with one slowly dying outand the other slowly gaining ground.

So, although the first manuscript in Europe withArabic numerals dates from the year 976, theteachers of arithmetic were still explaining theArabic system very carefully as late as 1500,because for so long people had been used to Romanfigures. But finaIIy the Europeans took to thecounting system which the Arabs, or Moors, hadbrought with them when they came over fromMrica to Spain. And once their numerals werefully adopted the Roman numerals were completelyabandoned-although they still appear on thefaces of many clocks and watches, in inscriptionson some churches, in the chapter numbers ofcertain books, and in a few other places.

These numerals were not reaIIy invented by theArabs. They came from the Hindus in India,who were skilled in mathematics as long ago as theyear 200. The numerals as the Hindus wrotethem look a good deal like those we write to-day.They taught these numerals to the Arabs andthe Arabs passed them on to us.

We are all so used to the decimal system that weoften feel it is the only natural way of counting­by tens. But in the older days ofEurope there wereother ways. For instance the old Franks liked tocount in twenties. Whenever they passed twentythey made a mark, or a score, and that is why westill call twenty a "score". So" three score yearsand ten" are three twenties plus ten or seventy.And the French to-day say "four twenties"instead of " eighty", and " four twenties ten " for" ninety ".

But twenty is too much to be convenient andten is very much better. It is by no means thebest unit, however; and in fact our decimalsystem) good as it may be remains inconvenient:For twelve would be the best unit to use, and aduodecimal system-reckoning by twelves-

198 . ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE 1'v1AGAZlNE

would be a greater improvement on the decimalone. The reason is obvious-because twelve hasmore factors than ten.

The mathematicians have known this for a longtime, but what chance is there of persuadingpeople to change? It would be ten times harderthan it was to get them to adopt the Arabicnumerals. And yet we all use the system to acertain extent. Eggs are reckoned in dozens;and nearly all commercial stocks are counted by thedozen or by the gross.

When people have once learned how to count,they soon require to know more. They needto add and subtract, multiply and divide, and dostill other things with numbers. In this wayarithmetic was born, and it is not surprising tolearn that it is a very old science. Of course peopleused arithmetic a great deal before any book wasever written about it. But a book ofarithmetic waswritten in Greece by the famous mathematicianEuclid about twenty-three hundred years ago, andanother by the great astronomer Claudius Ptolemyin the second century after Christ. By this timescholars could do very difficult problems inarithmetic.

And by then they had advanced much farbnerthan arithmetic. The whole science of mathe­matics is based on simple counting, but as manprogresses he finds out a great many kinds ofthings to count and a great many different ways ofcounting them. For instance he learns to countangles, triangles, squares, cubes, and otherfigures-because he must be able to do these thingsifhe is going to survey his land, to build pyramids,and to do many other things. And as soon as hebegins counting and measuring such things, he isbeginning the study of the science known asgeometry.

The ancient Egyptians learned much geometry.It is often said they had to do so: for the Nileoverflowed and washed out all their boundaries, soin order to mark off the boundaries again they hadto know something about angles and otherfigures. However that may be, we know that thegreat Euclid in Greece learned all he could from theEgyptians and with what he added himself

became the most famous man of all time ingeometry. He placed on record nearly all therewas to know about the subject.

As the science of counting progressed in duetime algebra was invented. It was a very importantstep in mathematics. We have seen how con­venient it is to write down figures, instead of'letters of the alphabet, for our numbers. But inalgebra we have found a short cut in counting byreversing the process-and we actually use lettersin the place of figures. Sometimes when a largenumber has to be repeated many times we just callit a for short; and if there are several suchnumbers, we call them a, b, c, and so on. Some­times when we do not know what a number is wecall it x until we can find it out. Until then it isan " unknown quantity" and ifwe have several ofthese we call them x, y, z, and so on. Thebusiness of algebra is to find out what x is.

Algebra was studied for centuries by theEgyptians, Greeks, Romans, Arabs, and otherpeoples, but it was not really perfected in its presentform until the time of Descartes, a Frenchmanwho died in 1650. We take its name from atreatise on it written in Arabic about elevenhundred years ago, and called " Al-gebr" whichmeans the " reunion of parts."

There are still higher ways of counting thanby algebra. There is trigonometry, which alsocomes down to us from the Egyptians, and whichgoes beyond the ordinary diagr~s of geometryinto complicated formulae. It is useful tonavigators and in making maps, and for numerousother purposes. There is analytical geometry,which is the study ofcomplicated curves-useful toengineers and scientific workers. And there is thecalculus, or the study of quantities that are alwaysvarying. Besides these there are many othergreat branches of mathematics-so many that themost brilliant man, working on them all his life,can hardly master them all. And that is what hasarisen from the earliest methods of counting.

All these ingenious inventions are due to thethousands of men who have worked at them, bothbefore the days of Euclid and Ptolemy and eversince that time. One of them was the great

ST. EDWARDtS COLLEGE MAGAZINE 199

B

Descartes, who gave us analytical geometry in1637. Others were Leibnitz and Sir Isaac Newton,who both invented the calculus about the sametime-around 1686. Then there were JohannKepler, Blaise Pascal and John Napier in the samecentury. Among the great mathematicians of ourown day is Albert Einstein. For after all thesecenturies it has been left to Einstein to make somenew discoveries ofgreat importanceinmathematics.No one but a highly trained mathematician canpossibly understand them, but for him they seemto be as important as the law of gravitation. Wehad always thought the law of gravitation as oneof our most definite pieces of knowledge, butEinstein appears to have found a little fault in it tobe corrected. For this and other mathematicaldiscoveries he is one of the most famous men inthe world to-day.

Machines have been invented to do manyremarkable things, so it is not surprising that thereis one for counting. We can add and subtract,multiply and divide, by pressing keys and pullinglevers-and we can do it faster than by our owncalculation, with less chance of error.

It was Blaise Pascal who made an addingmachine as long ago as 1642. Since that time themachine has been greatly improved and its scopeincreased. But the principle remains the same.For it is founded on solid numbers, and these donot change.

If we take a little wheel and divide it into tenparts, we shall have the beginning of an addingmachine. Suppose we start with number 1 at thetop of the wheel. Now if we turn the wheel threeparts round we shall have number 4 on top,1 + 3 = 4. If we turn it three parts more, weshall have 7. So we can get up to ten on one wheel.

If we have a larger number, we need only putseveral other wheels alongside the first wheel.When the first wheel makes one complete revolu­tion it will make the second wheel turn one part,or one-tenth. When this wheel makes onecomplete revolution it in turn makes the thirdwheel turn one part and so on. Some of themachines write it all down with the sum, just likea typewriter. There are large machines to-day that

are worked by electricity and add as many asseventeen columns.

In 1617 a Scotsman, Napier, invented hismultiplying rods. 'The different multiplicationtables were printed on sticks of wood in such away as to show the product of any numbers at aglance. But the numbers had to be written downby hand, and therefore" Napier's bones" as hiswooden sticks were called, were less useful andaccurate than Pascal's machines.

Since that day there have been many varieties ofadding machines, though they are built upon thesame idea. Only since 1892 have they beenprinting the figures and their total. Such machinesare found in every bank and every large office,where they save the book-keepers a great deal oftime and trouble. The most remarkable of all thedevices for calculating is not a machine, but justa simple rule. It is called the " slide rule tt. It hasseveral different scales printed on it and a smallwooden bar that slides to and fro in it. With this

.we can not only multiply and divide, but we cancalculate compound interest and do problems inarithmetical progression.

The first slide rule was built by Robert Bissakerin 1651 although attempts had been made asearly as 1620 to build a workable rule on the sameprinciples. Since then it has been improved invarious ways and adapted to many uses, and is ofconsiderable help to engineers scientists andaccountants.

Ifwe have machines to do all these things for us,why do we work so hard to learn arithmetic?Why not let the machines do it all ? Well, becausewe could never work the machines unless weunderstood figures ourselves. But, above all, it isfar more important to have a good head than thebest machine ever known. Once we use ourbrains we can set the machines to work when welike, but without man's brains there would neverhave been any machines at all. The study ofmathematics has not yet been completed, for thereare still all kinds of discoveries to be made-bythe Euc1ids and Einsteins of the future. There isstill plenty to be learnt about the great science of" counting tt.

J. M. GREY VI A. Sc.

200 ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGB MAGAZINE

A Visit to lEton JH[<adl.lI didn~t suspect a thing. I was as innocent as

a new-born babe." Gibson," the Headmaster said, "You~re

interested in journalism, aren't you?"" Yes, sir, " I replied.Even when I was told what it was all about, I was

quite happy. So a party of schoolboys were beinginvited to tour Eton Hall, and then write an accountof what they had seen there? It all seemed easyenough, and I accepted.

We were to meet at a station in Chester, fromwhere we would be provided with Army transport.So far, so good. I turned up at the appointed time,and so did a large group of boys, most of themcarrying " The Times", which was folded neatlyat the title page.

Eton Hall was one of the largest Officer-Cadettraining schools in the north of England. I say" was", since the establishment was closed downrecently. My visit had no bearing on the matterwhatsoever. We were met by the C.O. and acaptain who was to be in charge of us. A fewwords of welcome, and we set off on a gruellingmarch-not a proper march, of course, but anextremely long tramp; and we were only visitors !

The captain was a little disconcerted to discoverthat we intended writing articles on our visit, andexpressed the hope that it would be merely a cribof the official hand-out which we had received. Inmy case it would have been, but I had the mis­fortune to lose the hand-out. One or two of theboys were a little perturbed by this news about anarticle, too. One of them hact" already asked mewhere the submarines were, and another school'srepresentative had left school about six monthsearlier. He was last seen enquiring from one of thesoldiers the general direction of Chester Zoo.

Joking apart, however (and I have an uneasyfeeling that Evelyn Waugh does that sort of thingmuch better than I) the tour was most interesting.Our compassion for those training was aroused bythe sight of two men trying to run a hundred yardscarrying a tree between them, and a tree, more-

over, of such dimensions that it would even dauntthe muscular man who adorns those packets ofporridge oats.

We had very little time to linger, however. Wesaw a sergeant of terrifying proportions giving newarrivals a spell of square-bashing; we saw agunnery sergeant instructing another group in theuse of a rifle; we saw map-reading being fullyexplained; we saw men being instructed how touse a wireless; we saw a demonstration of how tokeep sentry duty at night, and how not to keepsentry duty at night. In short we were whiskedfrom one place to the other at bewildering speed,and at every step, our sympathy with those on thedrill-square increased.

Lunch came as a welcome relief. We had noreal opportunity to see how well fed the men were,)since we were served a different meal. The food,however, was good. After lunch, we had a littletime at our disposal. Some ofus wandered throughthe beautiful gardens (Eton Hall was owned by aLord) others investigated the hall itself, with itswhite marble statues and ornate staircases, andothers, who shall be nameless, commandeered thebilliard table.

Then, back to the tour. We were shown a filmof a night patrol in Malaya, and another film ofwhat the Cadets did when they left the Hall on atraining party. Finally, we were taken into thedisplay room, where models of practically every­thing appertaining to military usewereshown,alongwith the usual equipment and souvenirs.

Our inspection completed, we piled back intothe lorry, and were deposited at the station again.We left the captain worrying what we were goingto write about him, and he left us worryingabout what we were going to write. After all" I'll never become a soldier" could hardly b;lconsidered a laudable statement after what we'djust seen. Justifiable, perhaps; laudable, certainlynot.

Time passed; I noticed in the paper that EtonHall was being closed down. Then, one evening

ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE 201

I happened, for my sins, to be in the Headmaster'soffice. I didn't suspect a thing. I was as innocentas a new-born babe.

"Gibson," the Headmaster said. "You oweme an article on Eton Hall, don't you? "

"Yes sir," I replied.MICHAEL GIBSON, 6A Mods.

M[l<dlniglhlt Appointlonl(entAs Maurice Grant walked along the lonely road, And then the great clock struck. Peal upon

he was thinking of the meeting he had had with peal, they crashed their mighty sounds out, onehis friend, Roger, just a week before, at the great after another, echoing through the tower andclock where he was going to keep his rendezvous. deafening the two boys. Maurice could wellEver since the little scrap of talk that ensued when understand why a convict, who had escaped fromhe first saw Roger, he had liked him. Then, when the prison nearby, had been found, two days later,it emerged that both read ghost stories, both were a raving lunatic.psychic investigators, and that. both fancied the Roger turned and began running down theclock as a possible haunt for things unknown, they stairs heedless of creatures ofdarkness. As he wasbecame the best of friends. farther from the door, Maurice was about three

It was a pity, Maurice reflected, that he had not yards behind, and a corner separated them.asked Roger's address. If he had, he could have Suddenly Maurice heard Roger yell, and thenshown him that book, " Ghostly Tales to be Told" shriek, and then something heavy thudded on thethat he got from the library. But he hadn't even stairs. Maurice tried to persuade himself thatseen him since that first time. Roger must have fallen and hurt himself badly,

The moon, which didn't give much light at the but there was a thought, a little thought that itbest of times, being a New Moon, kept going might be something ... something unnameable ... ?behind the clouds; and he kept hearing tiny " Roger? Roger?" Maurice called. He steppedrustling noises behind him, but it was only the round the corner, and the moon suddenly wentleaves on the road, which had dropped off the behind a cloud. He walked forward; he thoughttrees, for it was Autumn. The wind whispered he saw something dark on the stair below him.through the bushes, and made grotesque figures of He put his foot on it, and suddenly ...trees move and groan, as if each one was a living It moved, and he lost his balance, falling downcreature. on to the next landing.

At long last - hours, it seemed - he reached When he got up agin, painfully, the moon hadthe clock. Roger was there before him and had come out, and the staircase was bathed in eerieapparently been going in alone, for the door was light. He looked back to see what it was he hadopen. He turned and opened it wider, so that it fallen over. The moon illuminated it plainly, socreaked on its hinges. They went in, and as that there could be no mistake; but what MauriceMaurice put his foot on the first stair ofthe winding saw brought him bolt upright with horror andstaircase an owl hooted. It gave a final, eerie touch shock. His hair stood on end and his teeth beganto the scene. to chatter.

They reached the top without any mishap; Roger was lying on the stairs, a great gash in histhough the moon had a nasty way of going throat, which oozed blood. A dark figure wasbehind clouds whenever they couldn't see each kneeling by him, feeling in all his pockets. Theother because of the corners. But they had not figure had its back to Maurice but he saw thatseen any ghosts. Maurice looked at his watch and its clothes were very shabby, and it was a man.saw it was twelve o'clock. He said, " By my watch As Maurice's limbs came out of theparalysis whichit's twelve ... " this scene had stiffened them into, themansuddenly

202 ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE

turned and saw him. He said something under hisbreath, and taking up a knife which lay nearby, hestarted down towards Maurice.

Maurice only glimpsed a small drinkingfountain in a corner where the man had beencleaning his knife when Maurice tripped, by thesigns of blood in it, and then he was runningdown, down, as though he would never stop. Thenhe felt cool air on his face and he was in the openbut his only thought was to keep running, running,

... and then a black thing rushed out of the night>with a shriek and a grinding of brakes and thensomething hit him and the blackness closed inand ...

Cutting from the Daily News, Sept., 28th, 1957 :BOY MURDERED IN CLOCK

Roger Hicks, a boy of St. Roland's Ryshire>was murdered in the village clock last nightshortly after midnight. The motive is believedto be robbery.

J. CAMPBELL.

The Things We Do

What-ever we do and what-ever we say If we arrive late for classOur teacher will tell us that isn't the way. It will almost surely come to pass,

. When he was a boy many years ago, With his masterly airAccording to him, He was always on timeHe never did so. We will hear him declare.

Dear Sir, if only we'd take his advice, If on our desks we leave our markBut we find our own so very nice. It's never treated as a lark.Besides we forget half the things we are told : In tones so solemn and so slowNo doubt they'll come back to us " A thing unheard of in his day,"When we are old. And he never did so.

Working in class has pleasures, I own, But dear old Sir is no worse than the rest;But it's not too pleasant to work alone, We still have hopes that he'll turn out with the bestSo I chat with another, soft and Iow- For we are certain you know,And then we're told His own reports made it quite clearHe never did so. He ever did so. P. TAYLOR Form HR.

'Poem'

Poor mummy was tired out daddy was vexedReally they didn't know what to do next.It was time little shut eye in slumber were deepBut dear, oh dear, Babsey would not go to sleep.

Poor mummy came down with a very pale smileSo daddy said " Let me go up for a while?I'll tell her some stories and keepSinging quaint songs till she does go to sleep."

At last there was silence, but soon at the doorMummy heard little feet pit-a-pat on the floorAnd into the room Babsey just gave a peepSaying " Hush mummy dear, I'se got daddy to

I "seep . J. FITZPATRICK II.R

The Coming of Spring

The long, grey winter days will passAnd all the sparrows sing,

Above little shoots of bright, green grassFor coming forth is Spring.

The sunlight glistens on the flowersAnd all the streams are tinkling,

Encouraged by the April showersAll nature is awakening.

Awakened to the call of birdsWith gladness in their voices,

Many a Iamb and cattle herdWith gambol and lowing rejoices.

T. MASON Form 2R.

ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE 203

Newspapers are printed daily or weekly to tellus what is happening all over the world. Thefirst newspapers were printed in China manyhundreds of years ago, and were nailed up onbuildings where many people could see them. Eventoday we print the headlines of the big news onseparate sheets so they will attract attention. Inmost countries the big news is shown in largeheadlines on the front page of the paper.

Weekly newspapers appeared in Britain inabout the seventeenth century, and there were afew of them by time the first American newspaper," The Boston Newsletter," was first published inthe year 1704. The first daily paper in theUnited States was started in Philadelphia in 1784,exactly one year, before the Times appeared in

London. Today 166 daily newspapers arepublished in Great Britain. America has some2,000.

Newspapers of today bring us stories just a fewhours after the events have happened, but in thevery early days of papers, news often took weeks,or even months to get into the newspapers. Ittook these papers many weeks to reach distantreaders. A large newspaper uses many Fons ofpaper, employs hundreds and hundreds ofpeople, and has reporters and journalists to coverall events of importance, at home, and even inforeign countries. Some papers also own radiosystems to send news and even pictures by radio.Newspapers are very important because theyinfluence the ideas of the people.

PETER KEARNEY

(C iallOnllP [111lgOn the first Saturday of the holidays, I and It was only a shower, however, so as soon as it had

sixteen schoolfriends with the two Physical finished we put up the rest of the tents.Education Masters set out on an adventure new to Mter this we chose a protected spot for the campSt. Edward's College-a camping holiday. We met kitchen, and draped the tarpaulin over a tree as aat Lime Street Station, and took our places on the windshield. We all made ourselves useful, somewaiting train, impatient for the Guard's whistle. by digging a pit to put the rubbish in, others byAs soon as the shrill sound rang through the air, building a brick fireplace, and the rest by collectingthe train pulled out of the station. At last we were firewood, building racks for the pots and pans, andoff 1 unpacking the cooking utensils.

Soon green fields and hedges flew past us; we We had some tea when we finished this, and thenwere out in the country, free from the noise of tidied our own tents. It was fairly late when weLiverpool, and the smoky atmospheres ofRuncorn had done this, so we had our supper sitting roundand Widnes. the camp fire, enjoying a sing-song. Soon, how-

We arrived at Church Stretton Station at about ever, we were all tired, and went to bed (or bag 1)six o'clock in the evening, and were met by a priest It was amusing to lie there and listen to boyishwho led us through the village and up a hill to the voices remark from time to time: "Get yourcamp site, which was in the extensive grounds of hair out of my mouth 1" or " Move your bonySt. Mary's Scholasticate. We spread out a large knees!" Eventually peace was restored to thetarpaulin, put all our luggage on it, and made our night air :-we were all asleep.way back to the .scholasticate to collect the When we awoke next morning, the sun wasadvance luggage which had been left there. shining brilliantly so we all dressed, and went to

We had JUSt erected the largest tent when it half-six Mass in the Brothers' chapel. Afterwardsstarted to .rain. Quickly, we put everything into it. we had a good breakfast of corn flakes, egg

204 ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE

fingers, and bacon. Following this we all gave ahand with the washing up, and Mr. Hackett andMr. Boyle gave us each our daily tasks :-fouron kitchen duties, one to get water, two to stoke thefire, two to chop firewood, and the rest to bring infirewood.

Mter we had finished our morning jobs, we wentdown the hill, turned to the right, and went to thevillage to have a look round. We returned in goodtime for dinner, and afterwards went for a swim inthe Brothers' Swimming Pool. We had tea in thelate afternoon, washed the dishes, and went for awalk. We went down the hill again, turning to theleft instead ofthe right. This road led us round thebottom of our hill, so we climed up the other side.

On the Monday we took a packed lunch, andset off on a ramble up the Longmynd, a neigh­bouring mountain, 1,550 ft. high. We struggledto the top, which was fairly flat, and walked across.We had lunch when we reached the other side, andsoon afterwards began the descent. On reachingthe bottom, we passed through Little Stretton,stopping there for a thirst quencher. Returningshortly to the camp, all eighteen of us were readyfor a big tea.

Most of our free time we spent in the village,where there was a park. We played miniature

golf at this park a few times. One of our numberseemed to delight in knocking his ball over therailway, over the hedge, and in the ditch !

When we returned to the camp on Tuesdaynight, we found sheep all over the place. Wechased them down the hill, but next morningfound that two or three had been enjoying them­selves in the food-tent-six loaves had beenbitten into !

On Friday we went to Shrewsbury for the day.We visited the castle, the museum, and variousother places. We had our tea there, walkedround, then made our way back to the station, to goback to Church Stretton.

On the Saturday we dressed early, and started topack. We had breakfast, then some boys got somesandwiches ready for our dinner. We took downthe tents, and packed them all into sacks, bags, andcases. We took all the main luggage down to therailway van which was waiting to collect it, had ourlunch, then set off to the station.

We were all sorry that our camping holiday hadcome to an end, but we hope to go again next year.We feel that thanks are due to Mr. Hackett andMr. Boyle, the Headmaster, and all the otherpeople concerned.

P. DUFFY, L.V.A.

A Visit to t][ll<e ZooThe best time to visit the zoo is shortly before

the animals are going to be fed.My sister and I went to Chester Zoo during the

holidays. We knew it was near feeding time whenwe were queueing to pay our entrance money. Theroars, yelps and howls of the animals almost mademy sister change her mind about paying.

When we got inside we were just in time to seetwo lions share a piece of meat that our butcherboy could not have carried on his bike.

We saw seals almost jumping out of the waterfor fish thrown by the keeper and in the monkeyhouse a chimp was throwing nuts at the spectators.

There were a lot of people looking over a walland when we managed. to get to the front we sawtwo beautiful big white bears begging like dogs.My sister threw them a bun from our lunch bagand my father took a picture. As we walked awayI found that it was my bun that had been thrownto the bears.

PAUL DOOLIN II R..

ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE

(OlL1l M[y lBoolks]htelf

205

Last weekend I was given a new set of book­shelves for my books. Browsing through mycopies as I arranged them, I found myselfpicking up the old favourites and letting my mindgo back over each one in turn.

I picked up an old, green backed one, the firstbook I really enjoyed reading. It was" The Windin the Willows" by Kenneth Grahame. I im­mediately thought of poor old Toad with hisfriends, Mr. Rat and dismal Mole and Mr.Badger. I saw Mole and Rat in the boat, Rattrying to persuade Mole to wait till he could rowproperly before taking over the boat, Moleseizing the oars, the upsetting of the boat, andRat rescuing Mole. These pictures came to mymind as I put the well thumbed book in its place.I loved reading that book, and still do.

Then I picked up a book with a bright papercover, showing a lovely black horse. Thiswas "Black Beauty," by Anna Sewell. HowI remembered the pity and anger I felt at thetreatment of Beauty! I remember the tears I

, felt as I read of the wicked treatment of the horse.Beside this book I put another horse-book called" Rosina Copper" by Kitty Barne. The authors of

both these books loved and cared for horses andI think that was the beginning of my fondness ofhorses too.

My next book has been well read and is showingsigns of it. "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer"by Mark Twain, reminded me of the adventures Iconjured up after reading the book. I think mylove of fishing came from reading this book.Alongside of it I put another book which gave memy interest in sea-life and swimming. This was" Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea " byJules Verne.

Then I came to my greatest favourite" The Hillof the Red Fox" by Allan Mclean. I gave thispride of place on my bookself. I have read andre-read it many times for I love the setting of thebook. It is a story of adventure in the Isle ofSkye. It tells of the life of the crofters. Thepeople and scenery are beautifully described.Some day soon I hope to visit Skye.

I was only half way through arranging mybooks when my mother called me. So I left mybrowsing and dreaming until I should be able tocontinue another day.

N. MCCALLEN II R

CommercialitisI switched on the T.V. and what should I see,The things that my parents say aren't fit for me,They are sick of the sound of Typhoo and Surf,But I like to hear them and am tickled with mirth.Give me Smarties for Tall boys and Murraymints

too,A big glass of Citroze and then I might do,But when it comes to bridging that gap,Then you'll find me sitting with Cadbury's snack.What with Omo and Tide and that marvellous

Blue Daz,And the other commercials which don't please my

dad,Unless all my -homework is finished and done,Then I'm not allowed to see any fun.

P. CAVE 2 Remove.

206 ST. EnwARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE

FRENCH DEBATING SOCIETY

With this report I leave you, hoping that youwill continue to give us your support for ourfuture productions.

The members of last year's Society displayed aremarkable antipathy for public speaking, anantipathy, however, which was not so apparen"t:during study periods. Volunteers to speak werefew and far between and consequently pressgangmethods had to be used.

The opening speaker in the first debate was thatwell-known wit M. Fearns who supported themotion: "Qu'il faut Abolir la Monarchie." Themethod of argument employed by M. Fearns isdifficult to follow at the best of times; in Frenchthe task becomes well-nigh impossible and yourcorrespondent admits his failure to report any ofM. Fearns undoubtedly acute statements. M. Boyleopposed the motion. stating that abolition of theMonarchy would lead to the eventual break-Up ofthe Commonwealth which tragic possibilityappeared to have little effect upon the audience.M. Collins informed us gravely in his impeccableSt. Helens accent of the (unfortunately irrelevant:)fact that the Royal Family spent much of its timein drinking and the motion was defeated by 12to 10.

The next two debates) " Que les sports du sangdoivent etre supprimes " and " Que la civilisation.modeme est degeneree " were not remarkable andthere was little discussion afterwards.

With the New Year however, the standard ofdebating improved somewhat, perhaps from in­creased awareness of the approach of the GeneralCertificate French oral examinations. The motion:" Que la morale ne s'applique pas a la politique :»:»

provoked some interesting remarks. M. Kennybelieves that the end justifies the means andremarked that Disraeli, who could not be called a

SO<ClLetty NottesDRAMATIC SOCIETY

St. Edward's Dramatic Society under the direc­tion of Mr. Thomas, presented, as its thirdproduction, Arnold Ridley's melodrama "TheGhost Train". It was staged towards the endof January, and we sincerely thank all whobraved the snow and ice to support us.

The action of the play took place in the waitingroom of a country railway station whose one andonly official was ably played by Peter Fitzpatrick.He was competently supported by Edward Jones, acompany director, and his wife Rodney Irving.The newly-married couple alias Alan Brookfieldand Michael Darragh with their repeated displaysof affection provided an easy target for HarryRobert's humour.

Miss Bourne, played by Francis Bushell, thoughsomnolent for a greater part of the proceedings,under the influence of strong liquor, gave anexceptionally good account of herself. Theentrance of Julia (Finbarr Murray), her brother(Michael Geoghegan), and Doctor Sterling (PeterWalley of Butler Merriman fame) deepened theplot further. It was left to Police-SergeantLawrence Mooney to clear up the whole story,and du1y mete out punishment to those whodeserved it.

We are indebted to Br. Coffey and Mr. Youngour stage-managers, Mr. Ley without whom wewould definitely have been in the dark, Mr.Bolger, who painted the sets, and Br. Brennanand Br. Murphy for providing invigorating re­freshments on each night.

A final word of praise to the backroom-boyswithout whom the show would have been a failure.A galaxy of names springs to my mind, but I havespace to mention only a few: T. Duffy, T. HillJ. Fitzsimmons, G. McMullen, Mr. A. Darwen,P. Duffy, P. Grey, J. McGuirk, A. Fitzsimmons,and M. Byrne. I must not finish without men­tioning our prompter, A. Roche. He was very ablein that capacity, and was ready to stand in whenone of the cast threatened to be sick.

* *

F. MURRAY, U V. Sc.

*

ST. EDWARD~S COLLEGE MAGAZlN£ 207

SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY

strictly" moral" politician, had made Britain theleading Power of the nineteenth century. M.Maloney, not to be outdone, replied that Gladstonehad applied strong principles to politics and hadalso been successful. None of the historians in theaudience attempted to challenge this statementwhich was perhaps just as well. The motion wascarried by 11 to 10.

The outstanding debate of the Summer Termwas that advocating the abolition of the ThirdProgramme and the result proved that the Societywas not without its "Culture-vultures," M.Fitzgerald, supporting the motion, suggested that" the Third's" more esoteric programmes shouldbe done away with and gave instances of recentbroadcasts of this type: " Bulb-hunting in South­ern Turkey" being one of these. M. Asbury, oneof the more eloquent members of the Society,replied that minority audiences should not beneglected and that the dictatorship of the majoritymarked a break-down in the democratic idea.The motion was ably seconded for the oppositionby M. Lynch and the supporting party byM. Dixon, and resulted in a victory for M. M.Asbury and Lynch. For his performance through­out the year and especially in this debate M.Asbury was awarded the Br. Forde FrenchDebating Cup.

The standard of debating was not as high duringthe year as it has been in the past. This wasregrettable. However, a heartening feature wasthat the VI B's were not as reticent as their eldersand it is to be hoped that this year they will providea solid foundation for a rather more vigoroussociety.

* * *

at a Prestatyn camp. He carefully explained to theenthralled assembly the principles involved in themanipulation of a left-handed tinopener by a blindman with only one thumb and the meeting brokeup amid tumultuous applause.

Following this came perhaps two of the bestlectures of the year. Mr. T. R. Hill gave an excel­lent account of the Chemistry of Photography.Being his chief source of interest he had a deepknowledge of the subject and he explained clearlyand concisely the means by which photos aredeveloped and printed.

Mr. Griffiths cr\me next with his lecture on thesciences involved in Pig Breeding and Farming.His experiences on the farm were related to acapacity crowd and for the occasion he broughttwo gorgeous tapeworms with him.

Three of the members of VI B now followed theexcellent example of the above. Mr. Lewis gave anextremely good account of the development andworking of a diesel engine and Mr. J. Addisongave a lecture on the synthesis and uses of nylon.

Lastly Mr. Benbow gave his famous account ofsome of the more interesting and absorbing habitsof our little friends, the bacteria. This lecture onsuch a vast subject especially by a VI B memberwithout the benefits of a rigorous two yearstraining under Mr. Vignoles was an achievementof which he can justly feel proud.

In addition to the above lectures the society wasentertained with some excellent films procured forthe occasions by our respected Hon. Sec. Theywere mostly accounts of various chemicalprocesses like the extraction of Magnesium fromsea water or the development of drugs and othernecessary commodities. One of them, in brilliantcolour, was an account of the Tour of Britain todelight our multitude of cycling fans~

LITERARY AND HISTORICAL DEBATINGSOCIETY

I believe I am not incorrect in stating that theSociety has the largest membership it has had for

At the first meeting of the Society our president,Mr. Ley, called for volunteers to deliver lectures tothe members. Within less than a fortnight Mr. J.MacMahon contracted to deliver the first lecture.He had gained valuable experience in the previoussummer holidays on the arts and techniques ofcatering for vast numbers of happy holidaymakers

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108 ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE

many years, and attendances at the meetings havebeen consistently excellent. There has been anotable trend for the better during the last sixmonths with regard to delivery and respect fordebating procedure, and it is extremely refreshingto be able to observe that the use of writtenspeeches among our more junior members isgradually dying out. The subjects for debateduring the last session were a well-balancedmixture of controversial "evergreens," topicalmatters of general interest, and those provocativelyphrased political issues in which our veteranmembers revel.

The first debate of the session was " That thisHouse approves of automation." Mr. Asbury,(Pro.) pointed out that automation was necessaryto enable Great Britain to overcome Germantrade competition and Mr. Pinnington (Pro.)denied Mr. Glynn's assertion that unemploymentwould result from automation pointing out that theUnited States had no unemployment problem. Mr.Fearns, (Con.) once again displaying that delight­ful faculty ofhis for ignoring the motion completelyrendered the Society helpless with a satiricaldiscourse on the inhumanity of his opponents :the House was not deceived however and themotion was passed. The motion: "That thisHouse deprecates the baWling of Rock and Rollfilms," was keenly contested. Mr. Brown, (Pro.)ably supported by Mr. Collins, stated that Rockand Roll was, if anything, an improvement on theCharleston, and the other dances of the 1920's, anddespite keen opposition from Mr. Cunninghamand Mr. Lavery, the House divided in favour ofthe motion. One of the most amusing meetingsof the Session occurred when a motion was intro­duced: "That we should cherish our' Teddy­Boys' ". Mr. Duggan and Mr. Murphy represent­ing VI A Science, opposed the motion vigorouslybut their more experienced opponents were infine fettle and the issue was never in doubt, Mr.Hoffman (Pro.) representing Teddy-Boys as beinga resistance to an oppressive Government's policyof suppression of individual rights. For Mr. B.McDermott, (alas, no longer with us !) this debatewas the finale to an illustrious debating career, and

he marked the occasion by treating the Society toa masterly display of wit, pathos, logic, and oneor two downright lies. The House divided in favourof the motion.

The Brother Wall Debating Cup was won byMr. D. Asbury with a speech supporting thePrime-Minister's action during the Suez Crisis~

and that perennial bone of discontent, the ColourBar, was given its annual airing by Mr. Carter(Con.) and Mr. Gibson. The motion "ThatModern Youth is too materialistic" did not arousea great deal of interest. Mr. Hill (Pro.) was mostpersuasive but the House decided (not unnaturally)that Mr. Gibson's point of view was more accept­able. Once again it was decided that " The Houseof Lords should be abolished " Mr. Bryson (Pro.)and Mr. L. Kelly (Con.) were speaking in theirfirst debate and showed considerable promise. Mr.G. Lynch justified his belief in the motion" ThatAmerica is the Greatest threat to World Peace H

by referring to the American support ofthe ChineseNationalists. He went on to say that America wasstimulating the arms race and was .precipitatingwar by its aggressive attitude which was exempli­fied by her policy of procuring rocket-bases inEurope. Mr. Lavery (Con.) congratulated" Comrade" Lynch on a fine effort to justify aridiculous opinion, and then proceeded in hisusual unruffled manner to prove that America:>saims and actions were directed to prevent anywar and that she was the greatest organ of stabilityin the world at the present time. Both speakerswerecomplimented on an excellent debate by theChairman.

The session was closed with a very fine debatebetween two of our most experienced speakers.The subject was" That this House approves ofModern Jazz" Mr. Gibson, (Pro.) was in fineform, and so persuasive that even the sarcasm andwit of Mr. Collins were insufficient to have the mo­tion rejected. It only remains now for us to extendour thanks to our Chairman, Mr. Barter, withoutwhose good offices as mediator it would be imposs­ible for us to continue. The prestige of the Society~

and the enthusiasm of its members have neverbeenexcelled and I have every reason to expect that

ST. EOWARDtS CoLLEGE MAGAZINE 209

SOCIETY OF ST. VINCENT DE PAUL

this happy state of affairs will continue throughoutthe coming year.

JAMES P. GLYNN (Hon. Sec.)

During the last year the Society has beencarrying on its usual activities. At present fivepeople in the district are visited by the membersand work is also done at Broadgreen Hospital andat the Catholic Deaf and Dumb Club in ShawStreet, Liverpool.

The number of members this year is greaterthan usual, namely 28 and this year also a newrecord amount of £93 was obtained in the AnnualCollection. We wish here to record our thanks tothe staff and boys of the College who so generouslycontributed to the success of this collection.

While expressing our gratitude we would askyou to remember the poor at all times, expeciallyin your prayers.

* * *

MODEL AERO CLUB

Since this magazine was last published themonotonous droning of baby diesel engines hasmade itself heard more often on the school'splaying fields. In the last year the accent hasmoved from sailplane and glider to poweredcontrol-line stunt and teamrace flying. The rugbypitches have been much trampled upon and gamesmasters have complained of mysterious yellowpatches on the cricket squares, which have beenattributed to a mixture of ether, paraffin and oil.

The senior members of the club are exploringnew ground and Lewis and Fitzsimmons havetaken up radio control. Mr. Ley has demonstratedsome very pretty flying with a model intended forradio and has inspired the juniors to greater efforts.The Club's numbers are swelling and we arelooking forward to a year of happy flying for all.

PETER WHALLEY. U.V.Sc.

J. TINDALL (Hon. Sec.)

.------Bev.Dr. T. A. LeulWn------.

While the magazine is in the press there comes the newsof the death in Plymouth of Br. Lennon. Many ex-pupils ofour colleges in Bristol, Crosby, Liverpool and Sunderlandare sure to remember him. Many who have never been in ourschools will have met him at the various Vocations Exhibitions.In the last two years thousands of our present pupils met himand listened to his inimitable talks as he went around thecountry seeking out those who wished to join his own Orderor other Orders, or to enter the priesthood. Mayall those whoread this note say a prayer for the repose of his soul.

May he rest in peace.

210 ST. EDWARD~S COLLEGE MAGAZINE

lH[OlU[Se Notes

Mersey House was very lucky last year to stillhave the services of Brian McDermott as HouseCaptain. He set a splendid example to the res1:

ofthe House being captain of the 1st XI at Cricket,captain ofthe 2nd XV at Rugby and a prefect. Thesuperiority of Mersey House was once moremaintained when we succeeded in becomingRugby and Cricket champions for the year.

At Rugby. the House was well endowed with theservices of Collins, Kelly, Maybury, Wolfenden.,Downey and Pearson as members of the first XV,the first three of whom were selected to representa Liverpool Public Schools XV. Maybury andCollins also played for a Liverpool GrammarSchools XV.

The fame of the House was also well known in.cricket spheres. We were lucky to have manystaunch members of the 1st XI: the captain B.

ties, as well: the St. Vincent de Paul, Literary andDebating, Scientific, Photographic, and the JuniorLegio Mariae. M. Geoghegan was Secretary of theChess Club, and· was also runner-up in theLiverpool Junior Chess Championship.

Throughout the past year, therefore, ourmembers have played an important part in Schoollife, and we feel sure that they will continue to doso in future years. We, therefore, look forward tothe School Year 1957-58 with much confidenceand optimism, and hope that our members willplace Domingo among the honours again.

Before ending this review we would like tomention Anthony Edwards, our House Captainfor the past 2 years. He has been a "shining "example of sportmanship to the rest of the House.As he has now left for University we wish himevery success in his future career: also F. Boyle,T. Sheridan, and P. Goulebourne, who havealsoleft us for University.

H. LAVERY House Captain..

DOMINGOLooking back oVer the past year we will not

find the name of Domingo on any shields but ifthere was an award to be won for House spiritand enthusiasm then Domingo would undoubtedlyhave received it. On the rugby field, Domingoplayers gave of their best, and were defeated onlyby a few points for the House Shield; it saysmuch for our 1st XV that, although we did nothave the strongest team on paper, we " massacred"all opposition. We were fortunate in having as ourcaptain, Anthony Edwards, the School 1st XVcaptain and he was ably supported by F. Boyle,M. Fitzgerald, H. Lavery, C. Cuckson, and T.Fox, all School 1st XV members. The followingalso played for School teams :

2nd XV: B. Unsworth, P. Geoghegan, M.O'Hare, B. Yates and P. Goulebourne.

Colts: HoughtonBantams: Gilbert, Blakerman, Cheetham, A.

Lavery.J. Bantams: Fletcher, Gaffney.Under 12's: England.On the Cricket Square we were not so suc­

cessful, but we were well represented in Schoolteams.

1st XI: Edwards, Lavery, P. Geoghegan, B.Williams.

2nd XI : Durban, Irving, Boyle, M. Geoghegan.Colts: Cheetham, Gilbert, Gibson, Chamberlain,

A. Lavery.Chicks: England.Once more we were runners-up in the Athletic

Shield. One of our members E. Forde, represent­ed the School in the A.A.A. Junior Chatnpion­ships, and also represented England in theEuropean Catholic Students Games in Dublin,where he gained 2nd place in the 800 metres.M. Moon, C. Cuckson F. Boyle, M. O'Hare, G.Boggan, Roberts, Gilbert, Blakeman, Cheetham,and Fletcher, also represented the School atAthletics and Cross Country Competitions.

Domingo were well represented in School Socie-

* *MERSEY

*

with the ball. Fearns, Dodds,· Sunderland andJones, who also seems to be a good prospect, alsoplayed cricket for the school. In the Rugby teamswe were represented by Sunderland, Reekers,Miller, Ratchford, Rossiter and Walker. On thechess board O'Keefe, Rossiter and Sunderlandalways seemed to be that one move ahead.

We must not forget to thank the Brothers in theJunior School who helped to sponsor MerseyHouse and in the Senior School our thanks areextended to Mr. Morris without whose co­operation and efficiency Mersey House would nothave been able to reach such heights.

Hope produced yet another succession ofbrilliant victories in the Scholastic and Athleticfields.

As was only to be expected the vast majority ofSchool Prefects were drawn from the Ranks ofHope, including the Head Boy Brian Ludden, afitting tribute to the gentlemen of this House.

Hope formed the backbone of all the SchoolTeams. White, the vice-captain, Murphy, Pin­nington, Fearns and O'Hare all played for the 1stXV, Pinnington, Fearns and O'Hare beingawarded their Rugby colours. Other teams alsodrew heavily on our numbers. Marsh, McGrail,Ryan, Farrell, Hindle, Davenport, McInerney,Kenyon, Brewer and Keefe all played for Juniorteams.

Unfortunately, however, luck was against us inthe House matches. We narrowly failed to win theShield. Hope romped home in the Senior Cross­Country. The individual willner was JimGriffiths who ran consistently well throughout theseason captaining the C.C. team, and he wasclosely followed home by other members of thisHouse.

Although we surprisingly won two of the 1stXI House matches and scored well in other gamesthe Cricket Shield was destined for another house.

It was in the sphere ofAthletics that members of

ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE

McDermott, Downey, Maybury, and Taylor whodistinguished himself on many occasions by hisfine bowling efforts. Wolfenden and Murray weredistinguished members of the 2nd XI.

Although failing to retain the Athletics Shield,Mersey were equipped with a very fine sprinter inJ. Carter. This talented boy actually succeeded inclocking 9.9 sees. at the Inter-College Sports.Winning his final at Manchester White City herepresented Lancashire at Plymouth where hesucceeded in becoming national champion.Collins came second in the 100 yards at WhiteCity, and these two sprinters, together withKeating who played Chess, represented theCatholic Schools of England in the EuropeanStudents Games at Dublin where Carter dis­tinguished himself by coming second in both the100 metres and 200 metres. While dwelling onAthletics, special mention must be made of T.Wolfenden who performed exceptionally well inthe steeplechase competitions.

Judging by the amount of talent in the Juniorsit appears that Mersey may well maintain itssteadfast grip on the Rugby and Cricket shields formany years to come.

Most prominent in the juniors was J. Croughanwho managed to win the Junior Victor Ludorum.The Juniors were capably led last year by Nolan,

. an ardent member of the Bantams. Worth notingis Banks who while playing for the Bantamsgained his reputation for his high jumping. Alsorepresenting the Bantams were Crossey, Owen,Fitzsimmons, Doyle, and Ward. In the JuniorBantams we were capably represented by Faulkner,Lowe and Traynor. Also to represent the schoolat cross-country we had Furnlaur, Bahan, while amember of the cricket XI was Le Roi.

.While me11-tioning the seniors and the MiddleSchool we must not forget the Juniors. Forwithout these the House would be useless. In the1st year we had Dodds, Taylor, Cassidy, Fearns,and McMahon, while in the "B" team wereB. Kelly and McCusker. Special mention shouldbe made here of Taylor who, while being aprominent member of the Rugby and Athleticsteams, owed much of his reputation to his skill

... *

HOPE

*

211

H.C.

212 ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE

Hope really excelled themselves. Every schoolteam contained gentlemen from this house. In theseniors Jim Griffiths was the school's best milerand steeplechaser, Brian White raised the shotrecord two feet, S. D. A. Murphy threw the javelinon numerous occasions and P. O'Hare increasedthe hammer record by half as much again.In the youths Snape, Gordon and Gallagher wereconsistently good at their respective eventswhilst the two outstanding juniors Davenport, whoshows great promise as a pole vaulter, and Marshwho equalled the school high jump record areboth members of this house.

Do not think that because the greater part ofthis account has been devoted to sport that allHope members are not quite as intelligent as therest of the school. Frank Roper has been awardeda State Scholarship and a Major Scholarship atChrist's College, Cambridge. Several othermembers gained Lancashire County MajorScholarships and some just missed Senior CityScholarships and other awards.

A large number of the S.V.P. are" Hope-ites"Brian Ludden was president and Pinningtonsecretary, and the same couple president andsecretary respectively of the French DebatingSociety.

* * *

P. O'HARE.

However, this does not mean that Sefton waswithout its personalities.

Brian Davidson the house captain was a stalwartofthe 1st XV, and he also played for the LiverpoolSchools XV and for the South-West LancashireXV. Other members of the Ists included Azurdia,Asbury and Maxwell, whilst in the 2nd XVSefton was also represented in the persons ofCleary, Colquitt and Kirby. In the Junior ColtsMercer kept the house flag flying.

As usual Sefton was well to the fore in theexaminations results, and has once again sent itsrepresentatives to the Northern Universities.Brian Davidson and John Wills are both studyingat Sheffield, whilst Dave Asbury has now left usand is studying medicine at Edinburgh University.Other Seftonites have gone to Liverpool Vniversitythis year, including M. Azurdia and B. Rowan.

Last but not least Sefton wishes to thank thoseboys who have given their services cheerfully andhave not yet received recognition in these notes.It is these boys who form the backbone of allsuccessful houses, and Sefton certainly has anabundant supply of this type of boy. May I,therefore, thank these boys and apologize for nothaving mentioned them all in this limited space.Also to Bro. Engel we express our thanks for histhoughtful guidance this year and hope sincerelythat Sefton can give him a greater reward in thefuture.

B. DAVIDSON.

SEFTON * * *

In contrast to previous years success in the fieldof sport was practically non existent, though thiswas not for want of trying. In the Senior Housewe found ourselves in the unfortunate position ofhaving to choose 41 players from only 47 members.

House Captains :Sefton : Davidson.Hope : O'Hare.Domingo: Lavery.Mersey : McDermott.

ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE ..MAGAZINE

§lP)Olrt:§ NotesRUGBY

213

The School Fifteen had another good season, losingonly three of the twenty-three matches played, thoughfour were drawn. The results achieved were, at times, alittle disappointing in view of the team's potentialscoring power. This was due partly to the difficultyexperienced in keeping the best fifteen together, becauseof injuries, and partly to the failure of some players toplay consistently up to their best form. A. Edwards wasappointed captain and generally played well, thoughnever really fulfilling the prQInise of the previous season.B. White, as vice-captain, led the pack reasonably welland was easily our best line-out forward. He receivedexcellent support from M. Maybury, P. O'Hare and S.Murphy.

Maybury and Murphy, though not ideal front-rowforwards, played their part more than adequately andshowed a dash and constructive ability in the loose rarelyassociated with props. Their tackling was by no meanstheir least quality and both kicked a goodly number ofgoals in the course of the season. O'Hare, when at hisbest, was a splendid No.8, his strong running being avaluable asset in attack, while his covering and crushingtackling were much in evidence in defence. Fearns, inthe second row, was sound rather than brilliant andcould always be relied upon to play well. His handlingwas very good and he was always alert for the opportunityto start an attack, while never shirking going down on theball, if that was needed. Kelly's hooking was an im­portant factor in the success of the side and he alsoshowed up well in the loose and at the line-out.

Maxwell and Carrier were a useful pair of wing­forwards, whose best work was done in attack, wherethey supported the backs intelligently and scored quitea few tries each. Fox, though not a first choice for thesecond row, was frequently called upon, and had somereally good games, but his form was not consistent.

By far the most improved player behind the scrum wasM. Azurdia. He showed increased confidence almostfrom the start of the season and made good use of hisspeed and strength. Some faults remained but hebecame a really good centre and played some splendidgames in the course of the season. M. Collins returnedto the First Fifteen in September, a little heavier andslower, but a few games reduced his weight and sharp­ened up his speed. Once he overcame his tendency to dotoo much on his own, he fulfilled the promise shownearlier and was invaluable to the side. Not the least ofhis talents was his ability to draw attention from hisoutside half when the latter was being closely marked.Being a useful sprinter, he frequently was able to breakon the open side and make the extra man by drawingthe stand-off, quite a few tries resulting. He worked verywell with Davidson and they used the reverse pass andscissors very effectively on occasions. Davidson wasalways efficient and did many clever things in attackwhile his defence was always sound. His handling wasexcellent under any conditions and he showed goodjudgment in deciding when to feed his centres and whento try something on his own. Pinnington was a fast andstrong winger with plenty of determination and a goodtackler. Boyle was inferior only in the matter of speed.His handling was suspect at times but he could alwaysbe relied upon to try his hardest.

Asbury was a very reliable full-back, who fielded andtackled surely. He revealed unusual skill in gatheringthe rolling ball at top speed. His kicking graduallyimproved and ultimately reached quite a good standard.

In addition to Fox, the following also played somegames for the First XV :

B. McDermott, D. Gordon, A. Azurdia, H. Lavery,J. Downey, M. Fitzgerald, B. Unsworth, T. Pearson,T. Cleary, C. Cuckson.

School ColoursSchool Colours were awarded to M. Collins, B.

Davidson, H. Fearns, F. Boyle, P. O'Hare, M. Pinning­ton.

Representative GamesThe following were selected for Liverpool R.U.F.e·

Senior Schoolboys' XV: Collins, Davidson, Kelly,White and Maybury.

A. Edwards played for the corresponding Waterlooside.

The following played in the South-West LancashireTrial at St. Helen's: Collins, Davidson, Edwards,White, Maybury.. Edwards and White played forSouth-West Lanes. v. South-East.

In the Liverpool Grammar Schools' XV which had aneasy win over Birkenhead G.S., there were sevenplayers from St. Edward's, Maybury, White and O'Harein the pack, Davidson and Collins at half-back andEdwards and Pinnington forming the right-wing.

Seven-a-side CompetitionsThe first " Sevens " of the season was the Waterloo

Schools' Sevens during the Christmas holidays. Wewere drawn against Birkenhead School in the first roundand won 8-0 after a thrilling game. Unfortunately,the effort required to win this game left our players tootired in the next round when, after only ten minutes'rest, they had to meet King George V, Southport, whohad received a bye in the first round. In spite of thishandicap we did well at first and led for a time, but, inthe second half the strain proved too much .and wewere well beaten.

In the Fylde Sevens, at Ansdell, we did well in theearly rounds and then were beaten rather unluckily.We lost in the first round at Calday to St. Anselm'swhose forwards kept the ball away from our backs andpaved the way for an opportunist try which proved theonly score of the game.

At the Birkenhead Park Sevens we lost to Cowley inthe final after looking for most of the game as if we weregoing to win. If we had won, it would have provided arare double, as the Old Boys' won the Club Sevens.

In the Collegiate Sevens we were more fortunate andwe had undoubtedly the best Seven in the tournament,though West Park provided unexpectedly stiff oppositionin the final

Winning Seven: Pinnington, Edwards (Capt.),Davidson, Collins, Maybury, Kelly, O'Hare, P.

214 ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE .MAGAZINE

St. Edward's College v. Park High School.HOME Sept. 26 RESULT S.E.C. won 39-0AWAY Jan. 23rd RESULT: S.E.C. won 35-3

In the home game, Azurdia came on at centre butMaybury and O'Hare were missing from the pack. Thebacks began attacking too much towards the touch-linesbut later the centres began to straighten the attack andthe wingers got more chance. Davidson and Collins

were combining better at half and Azurdia addedthrust in the centre. The forwards were again bad~

giving little response to White and allowing the youngerand lighter Park High forwards to come right throughthem, especially in the second half. Perhaps an intervallead of 30-0 gave rise to some complacency, but there isno excuse for bad binding and pushing or failure to godown on the ball to check a dribble. Tries were scoredby Azurdia (3) Edwards (2), Boyle (2), Davidson, White ~Fox and Collins. Azurdia converted one, Carrierconverted two.

Team: Asbury, Pinnington, Edwards, Azurdia~

Boyle, Davidson, Collins, Fearns, Weston, Murphy~Fox, White, Fitzgerald, Kelly, Carrier.

For the return game .Maybury, O'Hare and Kelly, no\V"the first-choice hooker, were absent from the pack. In..the first half St. Edward's completely outclassed thehome side, getting possession almost at will from thehorne pack, weakened by the absence of their captain_This possession was used to a good effect and seven trieswere scored without reply, four being converted byCollins. Davidson and Collins were given plenty ofscope and carved out numerous openings as well asgetting their" threes" moving at top speed. Typical ofthe play was a break by Davidson inside his own " 25 " ~

supported near the touch-line by Azurdia. Some cleverinter-passing ended in a final pass to Maxwell who hadbacked up extremely well on the inside and scoredbetween the posts. Edwards then ran wide, drew thedefence and sent Pinnington in at the corner. Shortlyafter he cross-kicked from the left touch-line afterCollins, Davidson and Azurdia had begun a promisingmove inside our " 25 ". White gathered the cross-kick:to score. Collins then got two tries by pouncing swiftlyon defenders' mistakes. Pinnington scored after a seriesof passes exchanged with Azurdia, who had himselfscored the first try. Maxwell was taken from the pack:to replace Boyle, who had to go off, and performedcreditably as a winger.

Towards the end of the first half a tendency developedtowards over-elaboration as tries had been coming soeasily and the forwards did too much inter-passing amongthemselves. In the second half Park High, faced with a25 point deficit, started off in determined fashion andmade a splendid fight-back. They tackled grimly andharried St. Edward's into mistakes. Their forwards gotmore possession and drove the ball along at their feet, sothat our backs saw little of the ball for long spells andwhen it came often found fingers too chilled to hold it_

We gradually pulled ourselves together again and hadtwo more converted tries and many near misses. But thehome side had the last word with a well-deserved try in..the right corner just on time.

Team: Asbury; Pinnington, Edwards, Azurdia, M."Boyle; Davidson, Collins; Azurdia, A., Cleary, Murphy~Fox, White, Carrier, Fearns, Maxwell.

St. Edward's College v. Rock Ferry High School.AWAY Sept. 29th RESULT: S.E.C. won 43-0HOME Feb. 13th Game cancelled.

O'Hare and Maybury were missing from the pack forthis game, and Boyle from the " threes". Shortly afterthe kick-off, we heeled from a serum on the " 25 " andDavidson cut through to score at the posts. Kelly thenhandled in a loose scrum but the home side failed with.the penalty kick.

The forwards were listless and Collins had not yetfound his form at the base of the serum. PinningtoD.

PointsFor Agst.395 113448 81255 236345 115159 332271 15

House CompetitionsMersey (Capt. B. McDermott) 96 pointsDomingo (Capt. A. Edwards) 90 pointsSefton (Capt. B. Davidson) 58 pointsHope (Capt. P. O'Hare) ... 52 points

Inter-Form CompetitionsThe Junior Inter-Form Competitions were not held

this season owing to a variety of circumstances, chiefbeing bad weather at one period and an over-crowdedprogramme towards the end of the season.

Records of School Teams1956-57

Played Won Drawn Lost23 16 4 318 15 1 223 9 2 1225 15 1 925 6 4 1514 12 1 1

1st XV2nd XVUn. 15 XVUn. 14 XVUn. 13 XVUn. 12 XV

First XV GamesSt. Edward's College v. B'head Park Schools XV.HOME Sept. 22nd RESULT: S.E.C. won 16-9

For the first game of the season Maybury and Azurdiawere unavailable and their places were taken by Fox andLudden.

The form shown by the side was not particularly good.There was a general air of casualness and a lack of realendeavour. The forwards were sluggish and there was adisturbing amount of loitering after serum and line-out.

The first incidents of note in the game were a break­away from the line-out in which O'Hare, Feams andWhite inter-passed well and a good run by Murphy.Asbury was rather slow to the ball and unsure in touch­finding, while the team as a whole was slow to get backin defence.

Scrummaging was bad and the back row were oftenbreaking while the opposing eight were still pushingand holding the ball. We got an early try but werebound to give one away soon and did so when Asburywas caught after an inordinate amount of dithering aboutin the top corner.

We should have scored again when Collins had a goodrun but he went too far and ignored the whole three­quarter line on his right. Pinnington was forced intotouch at the corner and from the hne-out the ball wasknocked back. The Park forwards gratefully dribbledit right up to half-way. Park now pressed strongly andscored an unconverted try. Edwards impetuouslykicked off before the forwards were ready but madeamends by scoring two tries., though he wasted anothergood chance by a silly pass. Finally Pinnington got inat the corner for another try. White converted two ofthe tries and Davidson dropped a goal.

Team: Asbury; Pinnington, Edwards, Ludden,Boyle; Davidson, Collins; Feams, Weston, Murphy,Fox, White, Fitzgerald, O'Hare, Carrier.

ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE 215

c

neatly picked up a stray pass and scored at the corner,after which Azurdia had a good run on the left butCarter was not in position for the final pass. The backswere spoiling many opportunities by standing too fiat andkicking too much. Azurdia burst through and ranstrongly, supported by Davidson who took his inside passto score, Murphy converting. From the kick-off theforwards ran away towards the right passing neatly butWhite b!'ld on too long and, when held, fiung a wild passto nobody in particular. Carter was almost through aftera good burst by Azurdia, who soon wasted another goodchance by passing behind Carter. Edwards then tooka pass one-handed at top speed and dodged his waythrough to the posts, his try being converted by Murphy.From the kick-off the ball was sent straight out to thebacks, Collins ran well and switched direction withWhite and Maxwell in support, but the latter's final passwas forward. At half-time the score was 16-0.

Early in the second half Davidson broke through andtimed his pass perfectly for Azurdia to score near theposts, Murphy again converting. A quick heel on theleft and crisp passing gave Pinnington room to score inthe right corner. A penalty was awarded near the leftcorner-flag and a short kick was taken. The ball waspassed right across the field until Carrier saw a gap toscore far out on the right. The best try of the game camenext when the forwards got possession in loose playinside our own " 25". Fearns broke away left supportedin turn by Fitzgerald, Collins and Davidson who foundhe was getting too near the touch-line and cut inside tofind Azurdia up in support inside and Edwards comingoutside to his left. He feinted to pass in to Azurdia butpassed out instead to Edwards. The defence was putoff balance by the double change of direction andEdwards' try was converted by Murphy. Good com­bined moves in which backs and forwards alike ran andhandled skilfully brought three more tries to bring thetotal to 43 without reply from the home team.

Team: Asbury; Pinnington, Edwards, Azurdia,Carter; Davidson, Collins; Fearns, Kelly, Murphy,Fox, White, Fitzgerald, Maxwell, Carrier.

St. Edward's College v. Cowley School.HOME: Oct. 6th RESULT: S.E.C. 3 Cuwley 3.AWAY Jan. 26th RESULT: S.E.C.16, Cowley 16

We were rather pessimistic about the outcome ofthis game with Cowley as O'Hare and Maybury werea bsent from the pack and Azurdia and Boyle from thethree-quarter line. However, the deputies played welland, after a hard and exciting game, the honours weredivided. The pace was very fast right from the start andit was soon apparent that the two sides were evenlymatched, Cowley having a first-choice centre absent tocounter-balance Azurdia's absence. As it was the firstmeeting of the two sides this season, and still a bit earlyfor teams to be fully fit and fully-knit as regards team­work, each side seemed a little apprehensive of thewiles of the other and play was rather orthodox andstraight-forward. Mistakes in passing or handling werequickly pounced upon and turned to advantage by theother side and few risks were taken. Our pack seemed tohave the measure of their opponents and, as Cowley'sregular hooker was not playing, Kelly won a goodshare of possession, helped by good packing and hardpushing.

In the early stages Cowley got more of the ball fromthe line-out and so both sets of backs saw plenty of theball and each defence in turn was hard pressed. Cowley

had a couple of penalties but both kicks failed and thenthe home side fought back and heeled from a scrum onthe Cowley " 25 " near the right touch-line. The backswent off at top speed, Edwards cut through and passedto Gordon who drew the full-back and passed to Downeywho scored about eight yards from the corner. The kickat goal failed. Both Cowley wingers looked dangerousat times but were unable to get through.

At the start of the second half Cowley went on theattack straight away, but they were finally forced backand then it was our turn for a while, but Cowley weresoon back again and on two occasions a centre wasalmost up to the full-back with a winger outside. Oneach occasion he chose to come inside and the cover­defence was able to check the movement. We got closeto the Cowley line and Collins got over but could notground the ball properly in the face of a massed defence.We forced a five yard serum but Cowley got the ballaway and forced a series of scrums almost on our line,but on each occasion the danger was cleared. The homeforwards next seized on a loose ball and a storming rush,with Lavery prominent, took play almost to the Cowleyline where a defender was tackled in possession andpenalised for not releasing the ball. The kick failed, asdid another one from a good position when Collins wastackled before he received the ball when it seemed hemight have been able to score. Cowley returned to theattack and swift passing to the right outpaced a defencewhich seemed for once a trifle slow and Ingham scoredin the corner. The kick at goal failed and we stormedthe Cowley line again but could not manage a winningscore. In any case a draw was the fairer result.

Team: Asbury; Pinnington, Edwards, Gordon,Downey; Davidson, Collins; Fearns, Kelly, Murphy,Fox, White, Lavery, Maxwell, Carrier.

In the return game at St. Helen's, the two sides hada tremendous tussle which resulted in another draw.

This time both sides were at full strength and therewas plenty of good rugby as well as excitement. Almostfrom the kick-off Cowley had scored a try on the left andthe scorer was allowed to run in close to the posts. This trywas converted and was followed shortly by another toleave us eight points down in as many minutes. Thegame looked won before we had properly realised it hadstarted..

From a line-out at half-way the home side knocked theball back. White was through very swiftly to rob thescrum~half and he ran very strongly, shaking offseveral tackles, to score near the corner. Collins kickedthe goal beautifully into the teeth of a strong wind.Things looked slightly better for a while but then badtackling allowed a home player to run through half theside to score at the posts and make the score 5-13against us. A good piece of mid-field play led to a quickheel by the forwards and good passing along the lineleft Boyle room to get in at the left corner, too far out toconvert. Cowley looked dangerous again on the rightwing but a splendid tackle by Murphy put the wingerinto touch and saved a certain try. This was a piece ofcovering of which any wing forward would have beenproud. For a front-row forward it was exceptional andshowed the tremendous work being done by all theforwards.

In the second half we had the advantage of the windand went into the attack at once, the forwards quicklyestablishing a definite supremacy over the home eight,particularly in the loose, where their work all throughthis half was extremely good. Yet it was Cowley who

216 ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE

got the first score, giving them a lead of eight points.This stung the visitors to an all-out effort which waskept up right to the end. The forwards covered andtackled magnificently, stormed along with the ball attheir feet and heeled cleanly to give the backs a goodsupply of the ball. Cowley were dangerous every timetheir backs got room to develop a movement, especiallyon the right where our defence was a little lacking inpace and not so sound as the other wing. Ingham lookeddangerous when he beat his opposite number but a goodtackle by O'Hare stopped this move. Our centres weredefending much more tightly now and coming more intotheir own in attack.

In the first half Davidson had made plenty of goodopenings; two of them would have brought tries withproper support. His breaks in this half were gettingbetter support and several times we were near a score.A try soon came when the forwards started a short­passing move and handed on to the backs who movedthe ball along towards the left where Maybury was up totake the final pass to score. The kick failed but we werenow only five points down and all out for the equaliser.It seemed to have come when we heeled on the " 25 "and Collins ran right to work a scissors move withDavidson who touched down behind the posts. Un­fortunately the pass had been slightly forward. Not longafter this a quick heel set the backs off again and Azurdiacut through on the left for a try which Collins convertedto level the scores. Cowley came again and were veryclose to a score, then we drove them back and they had todefend hard, being forced to touch down several times.But we could not cross their line again and a very goodgame ended with honours again even.

Team: Asbury; Pinnington, Edwards, Azurdia,Boyle; Davidson, Collins; Murphy, Kelly, Maybury,Fearns, White, Maxwell, O'Hare, Carrier.

St. Edward's College v. West Park G.S.HOME. Oct. 13th RESULT: S.E.e. won 9-5AWAY Feb. 23rd Match cancelled

The final score in this game does not really reflect theplay. Maybury, Edwards and Boyle were absent andWhite and Carrier were both hurt and off the field formost of the game and still we scored three tries to one.Our first score came very early, Pinnington crossing inthe right-hand corner. This early success seemed toinduce a feeling of complacency and the forwards putless efforts into their work.

Davidson made a good cut through and reached thefull-back, but, with two men outside him, tried to cutinside again and so threw away a certain score. Downeywas nearly through on the left and Gordon almos tthrough on the right with Pinnington in support, but hespoiled the chance by kicking. West Park were markingvery closely and our backs were again lying too flat.Collins was delaying his pass or trying to go on his own.Play became scrappy with the visitors making groundmainly by kicking or by seizing on the loose ball andbooting it along. In one such bout of play they scoredwhen Pinnington delayed dealing with a loose ball and anopponent dribbled it forward picked it up and divedover near the posts. The try was converted and we weretwo points down. Carrier was knocked out and had togo off and White damaged an ankle, tried to carry on fora while but had to go off eventually. Azurdia drew twodefenders with two team-mates in support but had theball tucked under one arm and the move died when hewas tackled. Fearns was working very hard, well

supported by Fox. The rest of the pack were doing verylittle. Pinnington got a second try in the corner, thekick at goal again failing to leave us a point in front athalf-time.

In the second half we saw a spate of interceptions bythe visitors of ill-timed passes by our backs. Gordonrepeated his first-half error by kicking before reachingthe full-back with Pinnington III support, an exampleimmediately followed by Davidson who started a goodbreak on our " 25 " and then kicked with two playersoutside him.

Even with only thirteen players St. Edward's weredoing most of the attacking and many tries were deniedus only by desperate hand-trips at the last second or bysome resolute tackling by the West Park full-back whoplayed splendidly in spite of being hurt a couple of timesmaking determined tackles to save his line. The visitingfly-half still used the diagonal kick as his main weaponin attack and Asbury was often painfully slow in gettingacross, though the kick came almost inevitably eachtime the visitors heeled. Fearns, Fox, Murphy andKelly took the lead in a good dribble to the visitors' line,where Kelly found the ball at his feet and had only topick up to score. For some obscure reason he thoughthe was offside and let a defender pick up and clear.Davidson then made a nice opening which led to a tryby Gordon. The kick again failed and we were a merefour points ahead for our three tries. A good break byCollins was supported in turn by Downey, Maxwell,Ferns and Fox before being halted and then Davidsoncut through but found nobody backing up and one morechance was lost. A West Park back ran through towardsthe end but the whistle had been blown for a forwardpass as he received the ball just inside the " 25 " and thegame ended without any further score.

Team: Asbury; Pinnington, Gordon, Azurdia,Downey; Davidson, Collins; Fearns, Kelly, Murphy,Fox, White, Maxwell, O'Hare, Carrier.

St. Edward's College v. Calday Grange G.S.HOME. Oct. 20th RESULT: S.B.C. won 26-0

In this game Maybury came into the side for the firsttime but Davidson, White, Carrier and Boyle wereabsent. The home side proved far too strong for thevisitors and eight tries were scored and many morethrown away through careless passing and a suddenspate of selfishness which time and again caused theplayer in possession to hold on and try to score himselfwhen a simple pass would have brought a try. OnlyFearns, Maxwell and Maybury among the forwardsplayed well and the backs were generally no more thancompetent. The binding and pushing of the forwardswere unsatIsfactory, especially in loose serums, and itwas only half-way through the second half that theybegan to put these matters right. Pinnington wa s againat fault in dealing with the loose ball but, fortunately,no score came as a result this time. Downey, deputisingon the left wing, persisted in trying to turn inside tobeat his man. He joined in cleverly in the first half, in amovement going right, coming in at the right moment todive over at the corner, only to find his effort in vain asthe try was not allowed, the referee being unsighted at themoment of grounding and only seeing the ball as itrolled away.

We had plenty of possesslOn in the first half, but thebacks were bunching too much and often stopped tooeasily. When the longer pass was used gaps werereadily made in the opposing defence. Four tries were

ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE .MAGAZINE 217

scored before the interval, one being converted byMcDermott.

At the start of the second half the forwards fell awaybadly and Calday began to dominate both loose and setserums, frequently holding the ball in the back row toput our back row or scrum-half offside. This policykept their line intact for a long period, but providedvery dull rugby. After fifteen or twenty minutes of thissort of thing, the home forwards seemed to re91ise theyhad a job on hand and began to stay down pushing evenwhen Calday had hooked and they managed to recoverpossession several times running by pushing theopposing eight right off the ball. With a fair proportionof possession again our backs were able to come into thegame again, and four more tries were added before no­side, none of them being converted. The scores werePinnington (3), Maybury (2), Maxwell, Azurdia,Edwards.

Team: Asbury, Pinnington, Edwards, Azurdia,Downey, McDermott, Collins, Maybury, Kelly,Murphy, Fox, Feams, Maxwell, O'Hare, Fitzgerald.

St. Edward's College v. Birkenhead Institute.HOME. Oct. 24th RESULT: S.E.C. won 30-3AWAY. Feb. 6th RESULT: S.E.C. won 41-3

The first game with B. 1. at Sandfie1d Park was to alarge extent a forward battle, with the home eightbeaten in the loose serums by a lighter pack whichbound tighter and pushed harder both here and in theset serums. This advantage of the visitors was counteredto a great extent by the individual determination of thehome forwards. The baeks were the match-winners onthe day for, with comparatively little possession, theypierced the visitors' defence almost at wilL Azurdia gavea very good performance, thrusting away powerfully atevery chance and scoring the best try of the match.Occasionally his passing was sadly at fault but, on thisoccasion, it hardly mattered. Edwards had fewer chancesbut was quick to dart through any gap and his quick,accurate distribution was no small factor in Azurdia'ssuccess. Pinnington got the first try after five minutes ofconstant pressure on the visitor's line, Fitzgerald scorednext after a bout of passing which completely spread­eagled the defence and then Downey had a try, convertedby McDermott to give us a half-time lead of 13-0.

Murphy took over the hooking position in place ofKelly who was hurt in the first half and shortly after there-start McDermott kicked a penalty goal. Azurdianext scored a very good try and then B. 1. had a penaltygoal, followed by a try by McDermott-who had a verygood game-after Pinnington had made the runningby coming inside. Azurdia scored again and finallyCollins went over in the comer after a thirty yards dash.McDermott converted two of the second-half tries.

Team: Asbury, Pinnington, Edwards, Azurdia,Downey, McDermott, Collins, Maybury, Kelly, Murphy,Fox, Fearns, Maxwell, O'Hare, Fitzgerald.

For the return game, White, Carrier Boyle andDavidson returned to the side but Kelly and O'Harewere absentees.

Conditions were ideal for open rugby and the SchoolFifteen took full advantage of them. No score came inthe first fifteen minutes, the home side being obviouslywell coached in defence, which was particularly strong inthe centr~. Collins soon found a way to break down theexcellent man-to-man. defence of B.1. by eluding hisimmediate opponents round the base of the serum andbreaking very fast on the open side to draw the B. I.

fly-half and passing at once to Davidson, who drew theinside centre and set Azurdia off on good plunging runsto Institute's line. Edwards was also in good form,combining well with Azurdia drawing his own manperfectly and giving Azurdia short passes on the burst.Both were occasionally at fault with weak tackles.Davidson was excellent, using speed and dummy withgreat effect.

Collins was resourceful and determined as ever. Theforwards did very well all through this game, continuingto play well when the score rose rapidly in contrast withtheir usual tendency to relax and become a bit raggedwhen a good lead was established. The binding andheeling and feeding of the backs were all done as quicklyat the end of the game as at the beginning. In all.. ninetries were scored, seven of them being converted, B. I.getting a penalty goal.

Team: Asbury; Pinnington, Edwards, Azurdia,Boyle; Davidson, Collins; Maybury Lavery, Murphy,Fearns, White, Pearson, Maxwell, .Carrier.

St. Edward's College v. De La Salle College,Pendleton.

AWAY Oct. 27th RESULT: S.E.C. lost 6-11HOME. Dec. 8th RESULT: S.E.C. won 10-3

This was our first defeat of the season and on the day'splay St. Edward's were definitely unlucky to lose.White's absence was a severe handicap at the line-outand Kelly's in the set serums, where his hooking wouldhave made a great difference. ~hen our backs gotpossession they hooked much better than the homebacks. Early in the game De La Salle were awarded apenalty in front of the posts but the kick was sent wide.From a serum on our " 25 to near the left touch-line,we managed a clean heel and Azurdia burst past hisopposite number and passed on to Edwards who drewthe winger before handing on to Pinnington, whorounded the full-back near half-way and ran roundbehind the posts. In attempting to ground the ball withno defender near him, he knocked the ball against hisfoot and it rolled away out of control to be scrambledaway. Five points at this stage would have made a bigdifference. Maybury had two long shots at goal, thefirst dropping just under the bar; the second, from thetouch-line, went over. Then, from some scramblingplay in our" 25 ", the home serum-half picked up anddodged over for a try, which was converted. The homeside were kicking a lot, but Asbury fielded everythingimpeccably and dealt particularly skilfully with rollingballs, picking up clearly on the run and finding a goodtouch. Just before the interval Boyle had a good run onthe left but lacked the pace to reach the line.

Early in the second half Davidson cut through tosend Edwards over near the posts. The conversion wasmissed and where we might have been leading 13-5, wewere a single point ahead. De La Salle missed a penaltyfrom an easy position but soon scored from another tolead by two points. Azurdia had a splendid run rightdown the middle and was only halted right on the linewhere the home side were awarded a penalty. We cameclose again when a back movement started in our" 25 "and ended when Pinnington was held by the full-back afew yards from the line. Several promising chances werelost by a bad pass, or a knock-on at a vital stage. Itseemed we must get another try, but it was De La Sallewho scored. Hood picked up near our line and wastackled by two of our forwards but his own pack pushedhim along and a mass of bodies collapsed over our line..

218 Sr. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE

Hood being awarded a try which was not converted.Maxwell was prominent in a good forward rush andFearns opened up play well in our "25 " to start agood attack which proved fruitless. In spite of ourcontinued pressure the defence held out to the end.

Team: Asbury, Pinnington Edwards, Azurdia,Boyle, Davidson, Collins, Maybury, Lavery, Murphy,Fox, Fea-rns, Maxwell, O'Hare, Fitzgerald.

For the return game White was absent along withDavidson who had not played since the middle ofNovember, was still on the injured list and his place atfly-half was being filled by McDermott who combinedparticularly well with Collins in this game. Between themthey completely outplayed the visiting halves and hadmuch to do with the good form of the" threes".

The visitors' defence proved surprisingly hard topenetrate and it was well our backs were in good form,running determinedly, passing slickly and makingexcellent use of the sudden change of the direction of theattack.

They were willing to take chances by attacking evenfrom their own line and the whole side showed a laudabledesire to keep the ball in play, attacks being started byforwards and backs alike from the most unpromisingsituations. This naturally meant taking risks and some ofthe visitors' nearest approaches to crossing our linecame as a result of a risky pass being intercepted or aplayer being caught in possession trying to open up in adifficult situation. Collins paved the way for the firsttry when he held the ball and darted through the gapleft by the opposingwing-forwards comingup too quickly.Rapid passing to the wing gave Boyle just enough roomto get in, McDermott converting with a splendid kick.Azurdia, having one of his best games, frequentlyburst through and once went over but had stepped onthe touch-line a mere foot short of the corner-flag. Hisdefence was also very sound when the visitors' attacked.Edwards, back in the side after a spell off throughinjury, was a little out of touch especially in the timingof his pass, but his defence was as sound as ever.

The second half soon saw our lead increased. At aset serum Boyle came in from the left wing to takeCollins' pass and quick passing, with each playerdrawing his man, left Pinnington with only the full-backto beat and he was in at the right corner, McDermottagain converting. The visitors then had a penalty goal,which was to be their only score of the match, thoughthey came near once or twice, good saves by Asbury,Boyle and Fox in turn saving probable scores. Fox'ssave was a perfect example of the value of corner­flagging by forwards.

The best movement of the game and the best seen onthe ground this season came during a determined attackby the visitors, who had forced a five-yard serum infront of our posts. A well-timed heave by the packgave us a clean heel, Collins saw a gap on the open sideand was through in a flash and hared straight up themiddle with McDermott, Edwards and wing-forwardCarrier in support. These four inter-passed cleverly tobeat one defender after another and when they lookedlike being overwhelmed inside the opponents "25"found O'Hare up in support. It looked as if he couldmake the line if he had plunged straight ahead but hehesitated momentarily and the move came to an end afew yards in front of the posts. Fox, Maybury, Fearnsand Murphy were most prominent in a hard-workingpack, the last-named taking over as hooker when Kellywas hurt. Maxwell, O'Hare and Carrier formed a veryefficient back-row, sound in defence pushing hard and

taking a prominent part in attack whenever possible andAsbury inspired complete confidence at full-back.

Team: Asbury; Pinnington, Edwards, Azurdia~Boyle; McDermott, Collins; Maybury, Kelly, Murphy~Fox, Fe::lrns, Maxwell, O'Hare, Carrier.

St. Edward's College v. Liverpool UniversityA.S.A. xv.HOME. Nov. 7th RESULT: S.E.C. won 19-6

The School Fifteen made very heavy work of winningthis game against a 'Varsity XV, which though superiorin weight and in some cases in individual skill, wasnevertheless a scratch side and never settled down toplayas a team. Their most serious threat seemed to beJohn Rogan playing in an unaccustomed role on the leftwing where the ball rarely reached him. The home backshandled badly and passed badly for most of the game"many excellent scoring chances being frittered away.Yet many good movements were worked out by bothbacks and forwards. Asbury was the most efficient playeron the home side with Fearns and Maybury doing best inthe pack, with O'Hare doing well when he felt likeexerting himself. Tries were scored by Pinnington~Davidson and Edwards. Maybury converted two triesand kicked two penalty goals.

Team: Asbury; Pinnington, Edwards, Azurdia,.Boyle; Davidson, Collins; Maybury, Lavery, Murphy,Fox, Fearns, Maxwell, O'Hare, Fitzgerald.

St. Edward's College v. Collegiate.AWAY Nov. 10th RESULT: S.E.C. lost 3-14HOME. Jan. 19th RESULT: S.E.C. won 11-3

The first game with Collegiate found us weakened invital positions owing to the absence of Kelly, White~O'Hare, Carrier and Collins. We had very little pos­session either from set serum or line-out and when wedid get the ball in the scrum it came out slowly.

Unsworth was unable to get the ball away eithercleanly or quickly and his passes were unpredictable, sothat Davidson had an unpleasant afternoon and the three­quarters got very few opportunities. We were threepoints down very early when Collegiate got a penaltygoal from in front of the posts when Downey wasoffside. The home forwards were well on top and theirbacks had plenty of opportunities, their halves par­ticularly receiving the freedom of the field from ourscratch back row. Collegiate scored a good try at theposts and we were eight points down.

For a brief spell our forwards began to get the ballbut then the passing of the backs was uncertain andEdwards did too much kicking. We were near scoringjust on half-time when the backs moved well for thefirst time.

Shortly after the interval Collegiate went furtherahead and then we attacked and Maybury was held upjust short of the line. The ball was too slow reaching ourcentres and they were given no chance of avoiding aclose-marking defence. A Collegiate centre intercepteda careless pass in midfield and kicked over the full­back's head. A. Edwards seemed to have got to the ballfirst but apparently did not touch down properly andanother three points were added to the total against us.We got a consolation try just before the end whenEdwards scored near the left-hand corner. Collegiate

ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE 219

were well worth their win and this was by far our worstdisplay of the whole year.

Team: Asburyj Pinningtonj Edwards, AzurdiajBoyle, Davidson, Unsworthj Maybury, Cuckson,Murphy, Fox, Fearns, Maxwell, Fitzgeraldj Downey.

For the return game at Sandfield Park, which was ourfirst of the spring term, the School Fifteen was at fullstrength and a much better game resulted than in thefirst meeting of the two sides. Once again St. Edward'sstarted slowly and Collegiate, using the kick-off tocamp firmly in our half, were soon in the lead. Amovement going right broke down, the ball was heeledand passed swiftly towards the left where the wingerjust had room to get over. The kick at goal failed. Thehome side hit back strongly. Pinnington was tackledinto touch a few yards short of the line and anotherattack saw a defender forced to fiy-kick into touch-in­goal. When Collegiate attacked againj O'Hare andCarrier in turn relieved pressure by getting possessionof loose balls and making long runs which failed to leadto anything through lack of support. An excellent boutof passing among the forwards looked promising but theattack was not pressed home. Davidson made somegood openings but lack of acceleration after the initialbreak prevented them from causing the visitors' defenceserious trouble. Collins found himself in possessionafter some loose play and ran across towards the right tolink up with Pinnington but, seeing the latter closelymarked and almost on the touchline, turned inside andtouched down as he was tackled. He missed theconversion and so half-time came with the scores levelat a try each.

In the first half our centres were frequently beingtackled in possession and Collegiate were regularly firstto the loose scrum to win possession. Early in the secondhalf the home forwards began to get there first and so wewere seeing more of the ball from the loose. Davidsonbroke through with a long run towards the left but hewas forced to pass to Collins who was tackled.

Collegiate had a spell on the attack but good passingamong the forwards took play to half-way again. Whiteand Collins in turn missed penalties when Collegiatewere offside. There were quite a few stoppages forknocks in this game which was fast and hard but alwaysscrupulously clean. FortunatelYj the knocks were notof a serious nature and nobody had to leave the field.A Collegiate kick failed to find touch about half-waYj thehome backs began a passing movem(nt towards theright where Pinnington beat a couple of defenders toscore in the corner. Collins had a chance soon after butchose to kick when a pass would have brought a try. Hesoon made amends by breaking on the open side andwith the defenders converging on Davidson, held on andweaved his way through to score between the posts,Azurdia converting. This was the final incident of notein an excellent and enjoyable game.

Team: AsburYj Pinningtonj Edwards, Azurdia,Boylej Davidson, Collins, MayburYj Kelly, Murphy,White, Feams, Maxwell, O'Hare, Carrier.

St. Edward's College v. St. Mary's College.AWAY. Nov. 17th RESULT: S.E.e. lost 3-6.HOME. Feb. 9th RESULT: won 10-3

Our first meeting with St. Mary's was at Chesterfield"Rd., in November when we were beaten by two penalty-goals to a try. Edwards and White were both absent and,

in the circumstances, it was not a badperformanceagainsta strong St. Mary's side. On the play we might have wonbut we did not use our few chances to the best advantage.A glaring example was when Collins worked the scissorsand reverse pass perfectly with Davidson, but thelatter's break was not supported and a splended chancewas lost. When possession is comparatively rare, suchchances cannot be wasted. St. Mary's got two very goodpenalty goals, one from near half-way, and these weresufficient to off-set our solitary try.

Team: Asbury, Pinningtonj Azurdia, M., BoylejDowney, Davidson, Collins, Maybury, Kelly, AzurdiaA., Fearns, Murphyj Maxwellj O'Hare, Carrier.

The return game took place at Sandfield Park inFebruary. Conditions were almost as bad as they couldbe underfoot and a light drizzle set in during the firsthalf and lasted for the rest of the game. The only thingneeded to complete our misery was a strong wind andthis was mercifully lacking.

St. Mary's attacked at the start and a foolish attemptto start a passing movement under our own posts gavethem plenty of encouragement. The danger was clearedbut the visitors soon got a penalty by holding the ballin the back row. The kick was missed but they made nomistake when Kelly was penalised for foot-up.

It was obviously a question of whether we would beable to get the ball from their pack often enough to winand for a while it looked as if we would rarely see it andwhen we did heel or win a line-out, their backs werelying fiat and the back-row always waiting to pounce.They were frequently penalised for off-side but they didsucceed in making back-play, difficult enough in theconditionsj virtually impossible. In these conditions,Davidson's steadiness was sadly missed at fly-half.Gordon tried hard and did many good things, buteverything was against him, including some prematuretackling. St. Mary's heeled and kicked monotonously,making no attempt at back-play.

Fortunately our pack was at full strength and matchedthe visitors in all phases of forward play, once pushingthe visiting pack right otfthe ball when the latter had wonpossession in a set scrum and White giving nothing awayin a line-out duel with Collingwood and McCann. Ourfirst try came from a quick heel on the " 25 ", a break onthe open side by Collins followed by quick passing togive the overlap, and Pinnington crossed in the rightcorner and went round to the posts. Collins converted.

We had a second try early in the second half. AgainCollins broke on the open side to draw the fly-half andthe ball went along the line to Pinnington who found twocover-defenders blocking his way but White was up totake his inside pass and scorej Collins again converting.From the kick-off the home forwards made ground byshort passing but a knock-on spoiled the move.

The rest of the half consisted of a home attackstarting near mid-field and breaking down inside thevisitors' " 25 ". The visitors would then fight their wayback to mid-field where the process was repeated asbefore. Collins was almost through after clever work byEdwardsj but slipped at a vital moment. Our forwards,slightly inferior in the tight, were definitely on top inthe loose in this half and checked every attempt at abreak-through in the loose or at the line-out, whereMaybury was outstanding in support of White. O'Hareexcelled in covering behind the backs to help in dealingwith kicks over their heads.

Team: Asbury, Pinnington, Azurdia, Edwards,Boyle, Gordon, Collins, Maybury, Kelly, Murphy,White, Fearnsj Maxwell, O'Hare, Carrier.

220 ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZ1NB

St. Edward's College v. Oldershaw G.S.HOME. Nov. 21 RESULT: S.RC. won 20-3

Edwards and White were still on the injured list forthis game and the side was further weakened by theabsence of Murphy and Davidson. Oldershaw kicke~ offand our forwards moved the ball well towards the rIghtand the backs continued the move well into the visitors'half where play remained for some time, Oldershawstoutly resistin~ our attemp~s to find a .way throu~h,until M. Azurdia ran past hIS man and linked up wIthPinnington who crossed in the corner. Oldershaw cameback and were awarded a penalty which they convertedto level the scores. .

A second penalty agtlinst Fearns for handling 10 aloose scrum was sent narrowly wide. A promising moveby McDermott and M. Azurdia left Boyle in possession.He should have sent his winger in but delayed ~s passand was tackled in possession. Carrier was backing upand when the ball went loose was able to gather and scorefor McDermott to convert.

Oldershaw threatened danger early in the second halfwhen their out-half ran right and kicked to the leftcorner finding touch near our line, but our pack tookthe ball away outside the" 25". Collins made severalgood breaks, always linking up well w~th the o~er backs.An Oldershaw centre was clear after mtercept10g a passand raced away with his winger in support. Whenchallenged by Asbury he passed to the winger wh,;> wastaken from behind by Pinnington. McDermott kickedtwo penalty goals and Oldershaw. ~ssed a couple: . Aspell of bad handling followed spolhng several prOmIsmgmoves. During an Oldershaw attack our fo~ards brokethrough from a line-out near our line and mter-pa~sedsplendidly to take play beyond the half-way hne.McDermott cut through cleverly from a serum when theOldershaw backs came up quickly and was halted onlyjust short of the line. We forced several five yard serumsbut an Oldershaw wheel cleared their line.

Another Oldershaw wheel was not so successful as theylost control, the ball was snapped up by Maxwell whopassed to the backs and a series of crisp passes leftDowney an easy run to the left-hand corner.

Maybury and Collins in turn forced their war overbut neither got a clear touch-down. A. Azurdla wasprominent in the pack in this half, particularly at theline-out. The final score was a try by Pinningtonbetween the posts which was not converted.

Team: Asbury; PinDington, Azurdia, M., Boyle,Downey; McDermott, Collins; May?ury, Ke~ly,

Azurdia, A., Murphy Fearns, Maxwell, 0 Hare, Carner.

St. Edward's College v. St. Anselm's College.HOME. Nov. 24th RESULT: S.Re. 0; S.A.C. O.AWAY. Feb. 2nd RESULT: S.E.C. won 23-13

Our first game with St. Anselm's ended in a scorelessdraw and was a very drab affair. White's absence wasfelt at the line-out, St. Anselm's forwards proved farlivelier than the home eight who were badly led andnever properly together. The backs, weakened by theabsence of Edwards and Davidson, rarely moved reallywell and were generally kept in a stranglehold by thefast-breaking visiting forwards, who harried them outof their stride. We spent a long period on the defensiveat the start. When we got a chance to attack, Boylebroke through but had not the pace to reach the line andhad no support. St. Anselm's dribbled over our line butBoyle touched down. Then we dribbled over theirs and

the full-back touched down. Azurdia made a few strongbursts but spoiled most of them by passing badly. Oncehe broke through and drew the opposing winger, onlyto give Pinnington an impossible. pass. .

Early in the second pass Colhns fired a beautIfulreverse pass to McDermott on the blind side but thelatter was not quick enough to get through. ThenCollins passed to McDermott and came round for thereturn but again the visitors' defence held. When avisitor was off-side in his own "25", McDermottmissed an easy kick and then St. Anselm's., in turn, had achance and sent wide. Downey intercepted a pass andran forty yards but was caught just short of the line.This was the last scoring effort of the game.

Team: Asbury, Pinnington, Azurdia, Boyle,Downey, McDermott, Collins, Maybury, Kelly, Lavery.,Murphy, Fearns, Maxwell, O'Hare, Carrier.

For the return game at Noctorum Edwards, White andDavidson returned to the side, Kelly being the onlyabsentee. This game provided much more rugby thanthe first encounter though played on a heavy ground.Fortunately the going was firmer away from the middleof the pitch and outside centres and wingers were littleaffected. St. Anselm's kicked off., Murphy caughtcleanly and changed upfield. When he was tackled St.Anselm's got possession and their serum-half kicked fortouch over the heads of his forwards. He failed to find it,Pinnington fielded and passed inside, all the backshandling in turn at speed until the ball reachedAzurdia who put in a fine burst to score near the posts,Collins converting. Shortly afterwards., a good heel setthe backs off smartly to the right, Edwards beat his manand, when faced by the full-back, instead of pa~siI~g outto Pinnington who was covered, turned the ball mSlde toAzurdia who was backing up well after passing on andwent on to score again at the posts, Collins againconverting. This was a splendid start with two excellenttries, but the side tended to become a little complacent,St. Anselm's fought back and were soon on the attack.

They got a scrambled try at the posts and then scoredagain in the left corner when their left winger, safelyheld, was let go again and gratefully trotted over. Wewere now only two points ahead and pressed hardagain, coming near to scoring several times, once aftera good run by Asbury to link up with the threes. ThenSt. Anselm's heeled in their "25" and slow wing forwardslet their fly-half through. He took his chance splendidlyand shot past our defence and was supported by a centrewho scored at the posts. The conversion left us trailing10-13. Edwards and Azurdia worked a good scissorsfor the latter to be halted just short of the line.

St. Anselm's were marking very closely and spoilinground the serum to check our attacks and their forwardswere excellent in the loose. Collins~ Davidson andEdwards were doing all they could to get clear of theclose marking but never got clean through. The wholeback line was passing very crisply and often got the ballto the wings before the defenders were up by sheer speedof handling. Then Davidson would hold on and go foropenings on his own, thus easing the pressure on thecentres. We saw plenty of good running but the homedefence was tremendous and there were no scores. Thiswas the pattern until late in the second half when thehome forwards seemed to collapse. Our attacks beganto get nearer the home line before being halted, .showingthat the strain on the cover defence was tellmg. Anattack on the right was checked near the line, the ball washeeled and went left and Azurdia completed his hat­trick of tries. The kick failed and the scores were level.

ST. EDWARD~S COLLEGE MAGAZINB 221

Almost at once O'Hare ran through from half-way, afeat repeated by White from the kick-off. Both tries wereconverted to give us a comfortable win after a greatbattle in which the honours were shared between ourbacks and the home forwards, our own forwards startingwell, falling off for a long spell and then finishing we.ll.

Team: Asbury; Pinnington, Edwards, Azurdia,Boyle; Davidson, Collins; Maybury, Lavery, Murphy,Fearns, White, Maxwell, O'Hare, Carrier.

School v. Old Boys.Dec. 1st. RESULT: S.E.C. 0; Old Boys' O.

The annual Old Boys' game turned out to be a hard,evenly-fought encounter, ending in a scoreless draw likethe St. Anselm's match of the previous Saturday. TheOld Boys' were dangerous at half-back and in the centrewhere they made many openings, but the School eachtime managed to recover in time to prevent a score. TheSchool backs never approached their best form, the onlyone to do really well being Collins who got the ball awaywell and always broke with good judgment. Some of hisefforts deserved better support than they got. All thebacks defended splendidly and, among the forward,Maybury, Fearns, White, and Murphy were best withKelly doing some good work at the line-out.

St. Edward's College v. Wirral G.S.HOME. Mar. 9th RESULT: S.E.C. won 9-3

Our first term fixture with Wirral was cancelled andthis was our only meeting of the season. The gamecame after a spell of inactivity through cancelled gamesand the results were all too apparent. All through thefirst half the team was struggling to find its form andlittle good rugby was seen, the Wirral forwards spoilingmost attempts to set our backs going and when they didget a few chances the visitors' back row were able toprevent a break-through. The centres spoiled severalchances by holding on too long when a pass could havemeant a score. Incidently the two centres were Davidsonand Collins, their own places being filled by the SecondTeam halves, McDermott and Unsworth. With thissort of re-shuffle high-class centre play was not to beexpected, though in the second half the two began tolook somewhat like centres. The forwards wereatrocious in the first half, with White an outstandingexception. He worked very hard but got little support.The forwards once showed what they could do whenWirral decided to hold the ball in their serum. Our packgot a really good shove on and pushed Wirral right off theball, then walked on over it to leave it at Unsworth'sfeet. However, they staged a revival in the second halfand played well up to form, tackling hard, driving onwith the ball at their feet or in their hands and giving thebacks more chances to run, three tries resulting, two byPinnington, the other by Boyle, none being converted.Asbury had a very good game at full-back, dealing wellwith all sorts of kicks, going down courageously andfinding touch safely on a day when the mud made histask far from pleasant.

Team: Asbury; Pinnington, Collins, Davidson,Boyle; McDermott, Unsworth; Maybury, Kelly,Murphy, Fearns, White, Maxwell, O'Hare, Carrier.

St. Edward's College v.St. Joseph's College.AWAY. Mar. 16th RESULT: S.E.C. won 26-6

On a wet and windy day we were fortunate in findinga weak team at St. Joseph's as few of Our players showedreally good form, the forwards especially being lifeless.

The home side took an early lead with a well takenpenalty. Our backs were cramped by the narrow pitch,St. Joseph's fine new field not yet being ready for matches.When they began to go through down the middle scoreslooked more likely. Collins used his straight break welland McDermott made one very good break straightthrough the middle. When halted at the line any of threesupporting players could have scored but ~ach passedbaek to someone else and the defence got tIme to rally.

One good bout of passing saw the ball more along alineof players to the right, back to the left and out to theright again before the move was checked. A good burstby Edwards and Azurdia gave Pinnington room tocrash in at the corner for our first try and shortlyafterwards he beat three men to get a second. St.Joseph's now came close to a score after a long dribblebut the ball finally rolled dead. Collins, making a divefor the line, was tackled by two defenders, one fromeach side, and was hors de combat for a while. Half­time came with the score 6-3 in our favour.

Early in the second half Boyle scored a try which wasconverted by Maybury. The ball was flung about f~eely,

the direction of attack changed frequently and SCIssorsmovements worked cleverly between the centres andbetween the centres and their wings. Asbury wasfrequently tested but fielded everything splendidly andkicked surely. St. Joseph's now scored against the r.unof play-a series of hacks taking the ball over our hnewhere it bounced awkwardly for Boyle and Asbury whocould not recover on the wet surface in time to preventa home forward touching down. The kick failed.

Azurdia ran strongly to burst through and score half­way out. On the day he was about the bes~ of.ou~ 1;>acks,alwavs taking his passes at top speed, passmg JUdICIOuslyand always a worry to the defence with his strong burststhrough the middle. Further tries were scored byMaybury and White. Maybury converted four of thesix tries scored.

Team: Asbury; Pinnington, Edwards, Azurdia,Boyle; McDermott, Collins; Maybury, Kelly, Murphy,Fearns, White, Maxwell, O'Hare, Carrier.

Second XVThe Second XV had an even better season than the

previous year, o[lly two of the official school matchesbeing lost, both to Cowley. The first defeat was atSt. Helen's where a much depleted side went downheavily (0-30). In the home game the side was muchnearer full strength and lost 0-5. Some of the matchesprovided runaway wins, but, in the harder games, theside showed itself capable of very good Rugby, and ableto defend stoutly as well as attack intelligently.

Much of the quality of the back play was due to thecleverness and experience of McDermott at fly-half,though he was frequently called on for First Team duty.D. Gordon was a very promising half or centre whoseappearances were much curtailed by injury. Best amongthe forwards were Lavery, Cleary, Fitzgerald and Fox.Others who played regularly were: Hoffman, Swanick,Goulbourn, Unsworth, Cuckson, Wolfenden, T.,Downey, J., O'Hare, M., Green, Ludden, and Pearson.

The following also played: Rimmer, Kirby, Brown,Geoghegan, P., Padden, Kelly, W., Crawford, Rowan,Massey, Colquitt.RESULTS:Sept.22 (H) Bootle G.S. .. Won 55- 0Sept.26 (H) Park H.S Won 58- 3Sept.29 (H) Rock Ferry H.S. Won 64- 0

222 ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINB

(A) Park High School......... Lost 0- 6(A) Rock Ferry Draw 9- 9(H) Cowley School Lost 3-27(A) West Park C.G.S. Lost 6-29(H) Calday Grange G.S Won 16- 8(H) Birkenhead Institute Lost 14-16(A) De La Salle Salford Won 10- 8(H) Collegiate . Won 10- 8(A) St. Mary's College Lost 12-16(A) Oldershaw G.S. Won 11- 5(A) St. Anselm's College Lost 6-14(H) Rock Ferry Won 39- 0(H) De La Salle Salford Won 10- 8(H) Wirral G.S. .. Lost 8- 9(A) Collegiate Won 10- 8(H) Park High School Draw 11-11(A) Cowley School Lost 12-13(H) St. Anselm's College Lost 5- 6(A) Birkenhead Institute Won 16- 8'(H) St. Mary's College ...... Lost 0- 3

UNDER 15's XVA fairish season for the Colts. We had a weak start

against Park and Rock Ferry, but made up for this lateron in the season. We found our true form in the secondgame at home. Coady and Keating in the line-outs andHaughton and Rolston in the forward rushes shone thatday-a good day for the pack in general. There wereseveral games with only a couple of points betweenS.E.C. and victory-we found it hard to ge.t rid of a habitof kicking up-field into the hands of the opponentsinstead of to touch: and from such deeds came thetries that made us the losers. Other games which wewon by a couple of points we could have made moredecisive by better team work which would have put,the stamp on individual good play by such backs asChristmas, Smith, Ledden and McDonnell.

The football in the first half of the Oldershaw matchwas possibly the best of the season. Rolston was carriedoff on a stretcher during this game, but we did not loseground from a single scrum and Taylor gave spectacularservices to his backs right through the game.

The stiffest game was against St. Anselm's: OperationQuagmire. Murray in one of his few appearances got afine try with a swallow dive-on the whole it was ading-dong exhibition of determination in heavy con­ditions and we only lost by 14 points to 6. We gave theman even closer game at home later on in the season. Ourthree games against St. Mary's we lost too but notwithout a good fight. A satisfactory season in generalthough the tally of wins did not fall in our favour.RESULTS:

Oct. 6Oct. 13Oct. 20

Dec.Jan.Jan.Jan.Feb.Feb.Feb.

(A)(H)(A)(A)(A)(A)(H)(H)(A)

8 (A)19 (H)23 (A)26 (H)

2 (H)6 (H)9 (A)

Cowley School ... . .. . . .... Lost 0-30West Park C.G.S. Won 3- 0Calday Grange G.S Won 9- 3Birkenhead Institute Won 14-11De La Salle, Salford Won 15- 6Collegiate Won 27-11St. Mary's Won 33- 0Oldershaw Won 43- 0St. Anselm's Drawn 6- 6De La Salle, Salford Won 16- 0Collegiate .... .. ... Won 22- 3Park High School Won 57- 0Cowley School . .. .. Lost 0- 5St. Anselm's Won 26- 0Birkenhead Institute Won 46- 3St. Mary's Won 11- 0

(A) St. Mary's College Lost 9-15(A) Wirrsl G.S. .. Lost 5- 6(H) L'pool Technical Schools Won 32- 3

P. 23 Won 9, Lost 12, Drew 2. Points for 255; Against236.

Players: McGrath, (capt.), Ledden, Smith, Taylor,Christmas, McDonnell, Houghton, Brookfield, KeatingWaterworth, McMullen, Coady, McClellan, Rolston,Gallagher, Murray, Geogeghan.

Also Played: Irving, Mann, Milne, Coffey, .Wilson,Hughes.

UNDER 13'8 XVAbout half the previous year's under-sized XV had t:o

be discarded, as they forgot to add the necessary inchesto their stature during the holidays. Consequently,some rather raw recruits had to be initiated. Theyfound the going hard at first, but their inclusion wasnecessary. Weight was needed in the forwards; speedand strength were needed in the back line.

Their record seems rather disappointing, and, if onewere to judge by results alone, that would be true. But,bearing in mind that this fifteen always tried to playattractive rugby, and were often deprived of victory bythe narrowest margin, the picture is not so dull. Theysadly lacked" spare parts". Hence, when on severaloccasions, no less than five of their regular players wereoff, it was difficult to fill the gaps. It is not a pleasanttask to captain a weak team. A salute, therefore~ t:oP. Fletcher, who always did his job with a smile, and ledhis men with spirit up to the final whistle, even thoughthe balance was weighted heavily against them. ToFletcher's name must be coupled that of J. Gaffney,vice-captain, pack-leader and a forward of outstandingability. But two players do not make a team, hence allthose who donned the school colours must be con­gratulated on the spirit of sportmanship which theydisplayed at all times. That feature alone compensatesfor a great deal. Their motto was; "It's only a gall1.e :let us do our best irrespective of the result." Brewer~ toodeserves mention for his fine hooking and loose play.J. Carney was outstanding in the loose. But let not themention of the few dim the lustre of the others who gaveall they had at all times. One can safely assume that theirwonderful spirit will reap greater rewards next season.RESULTS:Oct. 18 (A) West Park C.G.S. .. .... Lost 14-26

20 (H) Calday Grange G.S. . .. Drew 6- 627 (H) St. Joseph's Blackpool Won 9- 8

Nov. 3 (A) Wirral G.S. Lost 3-3710 (H) Collegiate School Won 15- 315 (H) St. Ambrose's Altrincharn Lost 8-1117 (A) St. Mary's College......... Lost 0-1624 (A) St. Anselm's College Lost 6-18

Dec. 1 (H) Bootie G.S. . Won 18- 315 (H) St. Mary's College Drew 3- 3

Jan. 12 (H) Collegiate School Won 16-1019 (A) Collegiate School Lost 8-----17

Feb. 2 (H) St. Anselm's College Lost 0-179 (H) St. Mary's College Won 12-10

16 (H) Park High School Drew 3- 3Mar. 7 (H) West Park C.G.S. . Lost 0-15

9 (H) Wirral G.S. Lost 3-2412 (H) St. Mary's College Drew 8- 823 (A) Calday Grange G.S. Lost 3-2528 (A) St. Joseph's, BlackpooI... Won 9- 330 (A) St. Mary's College Lost 11-17

April 4 (A) Bootle G. S. Lost6 (A) St. Ambrose's Altrincham Lost 3--53

ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE 22~

"B" TeamNov. 17 (A) St. Mary's College Won 25- 3Dec. 15 (H) St. Mary's College Lost 3-27Jan. 12 (H) St. Anselm's College ... Lost 9-12Mar. 28 (A) St. Joseph's, Blackpool,

Seven-a-side" A "team Won 12- 3The following played: P. Fletcher, (Capt.), J.

Gaffney, (Vice-capt), C. Bridge, M. Hughes, L. LoweR. Faulkner, J. McInerney, M. Treanor, K. Brewer,J. Carney, B. Molloy, S. Sunderland, W. Miller, J.Reekers, G. Hale, P. Ratchford, G. Walker, A. O'Dowd,G. Glover, W. Lyons, P. Maybury, G. Rossiter, A. Bell,R. Krys, J. Parry, G. Kenyon, R. Roach, J. Ellison, J.Bennett, J. Bullen.

CRICKET

acting as captain in McDermott's absence, made agenerous declaration--over generous as it proved. Inthe hour and a quarter, the visitors made 76 for 6,getting the winning single off the fourth ball of the lastover before time.

In the game against Quarry Bank, McDermott andAsbury, our opening bowlers as well as our best bats­men were both missing. To make matters worse,Williams wrenched the heel off his left boot after a fewovers. Taylor took over this end and bowled his leg­breaks for 16 overs, of which six were maidens, takingeight wickets for 46 runs, a splendid perfonnance on ahard wicket.

When we batted, we had to face a very fast bowlerwho, on this hard wicket which obviously had not beenwatered for weeks, made the ball kick dangerously.Wolfenden got a glancing blow on the head and we werefortunate no one else was hit as the ball, very old whenthe match started, was very hard to pick out at thispace against a background of trees, there being nosight-screens on the ground. '

McDermott was our most successful batsman, andthe fact that he was available for only five games was aserious handicap to the side. Asbury had little luck withhis batting, his best scores being 25 not out againstS.F.X. and 27 not out in the unfinished game withAlsop.. His bowling was very good and he was always asafe close-fielder. Maybury had a good knock of 39 at"Crosby and showed some very good driving, especiallyagainst the slower bowlers, but lacked the patience to bea reliable batsman. Azurdia made 52 in his first gameand some useful scores afterwards and was at his bestas an attacking batsman, his defence being unsound.

D. Taylor, in his first season in the First XI, fulfilledall the promise shown in the various junior sides andgenerally kept well in mind the leg-spinner's cardinalobjective-to make the batsman play forward. In hisfirst game at St. Mary's, his first three overs were ofuncertain length and yielded 17 runs, but he kept theball well up and, finding his length, took 3 for 6 in thenext seven overs. He maintained this standard in everygame, his best performance being probably his longbowl at Quarry Bank. Against the C.l. EdwardianAssociation XI he took 5 for 5, including the hat-trick.

B. Williams proved a useful change bowler, though heoften had to open the attack, who could swing the ballwell but was too prone to expend effort and runsbowling down the leg side.

B. McDermottM. AzurdiaD. AsburyM. MayburyA EdwardsT. Wolfenden

In the Inter-House Competition, Mersey retained theShield, with Domingo runners-up with 32 points fewer.

Mersey's chief strength lay in the Senior section,where their first team was too strong for the otherHouses. and yras well supported by the lower grades.As theIr Jumor House was second only to Domingo,there was never any real doubt as to the likely winnersof the Competition.Final positions : Mersey 126 : Domingo 94: Hope 78 :Sefton 50.

First XIThe First XI was again captained by B. McDermott,

D. Asbury being vice-captain.Caps were awarded to M. Maybury and D. Taylor.The side had a fairly good season, winning six of the

ten matches brought to a conclusion. Its greateststrength lay in its bowling, the batting being unreliableand the fielding being, at its best, very good indeed, butwith too many really bad patches, when bad catching andthrowing cost an inordinate number of runs. One of theworst spells was after tea in the first game with St. Mary's.

A bad spell was seen again at Quarry Bank, and in theaway game with St. Anselm's, where we won by only tworuns, there were 26 extras in their total of 77.

In the home game with St. Mary's, St. Edward'sscored 80 runs from the bat out of a total of 86 for 9,whereas the visitors scored only 64 runs from the bat,reaching 82 with extras. In this match we had reached80 for 5 and it seemed a matter of one more over to get3 runs and win by 5 wickets. The last ball of the overin which we reached 80, bowled Durbin. Off the firstball of the next over, Maybury rightly drove hard at ahalf-volley hoping to get a winning four. Unfortunately,as he so often did this season, he lifted the ball withoutgetting enough carry to take it for six and was caughton the boundary. Lavery came in, made a nervous pokeat the first ball he received and played on. Taylorfollowed and played out the over without adding to thescore apart from running a bye which took him to theother end where he was bowled by the first ball of thenext over.

So 80 for 5, with 3 to make for an easy win, hadbecome 81 for 9 with the prospect of defeat instead.Williams followed Taylor, stopped two balls and got asingle off the next to bring O'Hara to face the bowling.He stopped the next ball and then the last of the overwas slightly short and he hit it round to leg for four.

This should have been a comfortable win. That it wasfinally so narrow was probably no more than justice toSt. Mary's who, like ourselves, were below full strengthand had soundly beaten us in our first meeting.

The first game of the season was not a very satisfyingaffair. A decision had actually been made to abandon theattempt when a patch of blue appeared. Tea wastaken and a start was possible shortly after with abouttwo hours and a half left for play. Batting first, we made75 for 6 in an hour and ten minutes when Asbury,

BATTING AVERAGES

Inns.S9

10101010

HighestN.O. Score Runs

o 58 143o 52 1442 27 * 111o 39 891 24 * 75o 27 68

Avge.28.6016.00

13.8758.908.336.80

224 ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE

BOWLING AVERAGESo M R

D. Taylor ... 77.1 21 177W36

D. AsburyAvge. B. McDermott

4.91 B. Williams

94 26 18154 13 12861.4 15 137

231414

7.919.149.78

St. Edward's College v. Calday Grange G.S.At Sandfield Park 12/5/57

S.E.C. *T. Wolfenden b. Preece .. . . ..P. Geoghegan l.b.w. b. Preece ...M. Maybury c. Birchall b. CritchleyD. Asbury c. Hill b. McCullochM. Azurdia b. HartleyA. Edwards c. Davis b. Hartley .,.H. Lavery not out .F. Boyle did not batB. Ludden did not batD. Taylor did not batB. Williams did not bat

Extras ...Total (for 6 wkts. dec.)

Bowling Analysis 0 M RWilliams ... 10.4 2 20Asbury 8 0 39Boyle 2 0 17

2289

521o

175

W Avge.4 5.001 39.001 17.00

Calday Grange G.S.Amery c. Maybury b. BoyleDavis c. Boyle b. WilliamsWhorrall.b.w. b. AsburyBurchall c. Edwards b. Williams ...Critchley c. Maybury b.WilliamsHill c. Maybury b. WilliamsPreece not outMargerison not outHartley did not batNelson did not batMcCulloch did not bat

ExtrasTotal (for 6 wkts.) ...

Result: S.E.C. lost by 4 wickets.

1742

2621

24o

o76

St. Edward's College v. St. Mary's College At Chesterfield 25/5/57S.E.C. S.M.C.*

T. Wolfenden l.b.w. b. Hamlin ... 0 Meehan c. Wolfenden b. Taylor 26P. Geoghegan l.b.w. b. Meehan ... 0 Neary l.b.w. b. McDermott 0B. McDermott c. Hoare b. Meehan 3 Hamlin l.b.w. b. Asbury ... 16D. Asbury b. Hamlin 13 Wallace b. Taylor ... 2M. Maybury c. Hoare b. Callaghan 39 Sweeney c. Maybury b. McDermott 28M. Azurdia b. Hamlin 0 Lupton l.b.w. b. Taylor ... 0A. Edwards b. Meehan ... 0 Hoare St. Maybury b. Ludden 0B. Ludden b. Hamlin 5 Kennedy b. Ashbury 9H. Lavery b. Hamlin 2 Cotter not out 4D. Taylor c. Meehan b. Callaghan 3 Adair c. Maybury b. Ashbury 14B. Williams not out 0 Callaghan did not bat

Extras 4 Extras 15Total 69 Total (for 9 wkts. dec.) 113

Bowling Analysis 0 M R W Avge.McDermott 12 1 31 2 15.50Williams ... 4 2 6 0Asbury 13.4 2 27 3 9.00Taylor 10 3 23 3 7.66Ludden ... 4 1 11 I 11.00 Result: S.E.C. lost by 44 runs

St. Edward's College v. Oldershaw G.S. At Sandfield Park 29/5/57S.E.C. Oldershaw*

Fisher b. Asbury 0F. Murray b. Probert 8 Meadows b. Williams 9A. Edwards c. Probert b. Jordan 10 Brown st. Murray b. Taylor 4D. Asbury l.b.w. b. Peckham 6 Probert c. Edwards b. Taylor 13T. M. Maybury hit wkt. b. Probert 0 Peckham st. Murray b. Taylor 20C. M. Azurdia run out 20 Jordan not out 27D. Taylor b. Fisher 1 Jones b. Williams ... 10B. Ludden c. Jordan b. Peckham 0 Bethalll.b.w. b. Williams ... 2P. Geoghegan l.b.w. b. Probert ... 12 Dennett run out ... 0T. Wolfenden l.b.w. b. Peckham 1 Mercer l.b.w. b. Asbury 0H. Lavery c. Bethall b. Peckham 1 Shutes b. Asbury ... 0B. Williams not out 0 Extras 16

Extras 10 Total 89Total 69

Bowling Analysis 0 M R W Avge.Asbury ... 10.5 6 8 3 2.66Williams 11 2 27 3 9.00Taylor 8 2 17 3 5.66Ludden ... 6 1 21 0 Result: S.E.C. lost by 20 runs.

ST. EDWARDtS COLLEGE MAGAZINE 225

St. Edward's College v. St. Francis Xavier's CollegeS.E.C.

F. Murray b. RigbyA. Edwards c. Owens b. Rigby ...B. McDermott c. Clarke b. MarsdenD. Asbury not out...M. Maybury c. Clarke b. RigbyM. Azurdia c. Owens b. RigbyB. Ludden not outP. Geoghegan did not batH. Lavery did not batD. Taylor did not batB. Williams did not bat

ExtrasTotal (for 5 wickets)

Bowling Analysis 0 M RMcDermott 10 6 21Asbury 9 4 15Williams 4 0 28Taylor 3 1 10

21417251314o

691

W Avge.4 5.23 5.02 14.01 10.0

At Sandfield ParkS.F.X. *

Jackson b. McDermottNagle b. McDermottClarke c. Williams b. AsburyRigby Lb.w. b. McDermottRedmond b. WilliamsOwens b. Asbury ...Haimes b. WilliamsSmears l.b.w. b. McDermottDullighan not out ...Marsden b. TaylorHarrison b. Asbury

ExtrasTotal

Result: S.E.C. won by 5 wickets.

30/5/57

415

1231oo

3592

1789

St. Edward's College v. Old Boys' XIS.E.C.

T. Wolfenden c. Alston b. HollowayA. Edwards not outB. McDermott b. HollowayD. Asbury I.b.w. b. Alston, G.M. Maybury not outP. Geoghegan did not batM. Azurdia did not batD. Taylor did not batB. Ludden did not batH. Lavery did not batB. Williams did not bat

ExtrasTotal (for 3 wickets)

Bowling Analysis 0 M R WMcDermott 11 2 32 2Asbury ... 6 2 7 2Williams 6 1 12 1Taylor 10.3 ~ 27 3

12440

118

689

Avge.16.03.5

12.09.0

Old Boys*J. Ratchford run out .E. O'Leary c. b. Asbury .R. Bruce b. AsburyT. Holloway c. Edwards b. WilliamsF. Morgan b. McDermottK. Bryson st. Maybury b. TaylorT. Merivale c. Azurdia b. TaylorJ. Alston l.b.w. b. McDermott ...G. Alston st. Maybury b. TaylorV. Murphy run outA. Bell not out

ExtrasTotal

Result: School won by 7 wickets.

17o63

34ooo

171o

1088

St. Edward's College v. C. I. EdwardianAssociation XI

S.E.C.*A. Edwards b. SmithT. Wolfenden c. Ratchford b. HollowayB. McDermott b. HollowayD. Asbury I.b.w. b. SmithM. Maybury b. SmithM. Azurdia b. SmithP. Geoghegan b. MorganD. Taylor b. HollowayB. Ludden b. Holloway ...H. Lavery not outB. Williams b. Holloway ...

ExtrasTotal

Bowling Analysis 0 M R WMcDermott 9 1 16 0Asbury ... 11.5 2 30 3Williams... 3 1 3 1Ludden 2 0 12 0Taylor 5 4 5 5

45

581oo961517

97Avge.

10.03.0

1.0

At Sandfield ParkC.I.E.A.

R. Bruce b. AsburyJ. Ratchford not outF. Morgan c. Williams b. AsburyT. Holloway c. Azurdia b. WilliamsP. Monaghan b. Taylor ...V. Murphy st. Maybury b. TaylorB. Clarke c. Williams b. Taylor ..T. Smith c. Williams b. Taylor .N. Kehoe b. TaylorA. Bell run outP. Gallagher b. Asbury

ExtrasTotal

Result: S.E.C. won by 18 runs.

10/6/57

139

813

1o4oooo

1379

226 ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINg

22/6/57

51

3651oo1o2o

2677

St. Anselm'sKeating l.b.w. b. WilliamsMorgan c. Wolfenden b. AsburyCallander st. Maybury b. TaylorPursglove b. TaylorGarland b. TaylorClarke c. Maybury b. TaylorO'Brien b. TaylorMaxwell c. Asbury b. TaylorRourke b. AsburyTuttle b. Asbury ...Fowler not out

ExtrasTotal

Result: S.E.C. won by 2 runs.

At Noctorum

271620

15oo1oo18

79Avge.

8.07.03.33

W316

R24

720

M613

St. Edward's College v. St. Anselm's CollegeS.E.C. *

T. Wolfenden c. Clarke b. KeatingA. Edwards c. Keating b. TuttleD. Asbury c. Clarke b. Rourke ...M. Maybury c. Fe wIer b. RourkeM. Azurdia b. Fowler ...D. Taylor l.b.w. b. FowlerF. Murray b. FowlerH. Lavery b. FowlerB. Ludden b. KeatingP. Geoghegan b. KeatingB. Williams not out

ExtrasTotal

Bowling Analysis 0Asbury 15.4Williams 5Taylor 11

St. Edward's College v. Quarry Bank H.S. At Quarry Bank 29/6/57S.E.C. Quarry Bank *

A. Edwards b. Davies 2 Nevin c. Maybury b. Clatworthy 4T. Wolfenden c. Ash b. Wennell 12 Spicer l.b.w. b. Taylor 47M. Maybury c. b. Spicer 0 Parker b. Taylor 6D. Taylor c. Nevin b. Spicer 0 Wennell c. Maybury b. Taylor 4M. Azurdia run out 14 Ash st. Maybury b. Taylor 5B. Ludden b. Ash 0 Moore c. Azurdia b. Taylor 4P. Geoghegan c. Parker b. Ash 4 Smith c. Durbin b. Taylor 10J. Durbin b. Ash ... 7 Thorpe b. Clatworthy 4H. Lavery c. Thorn b. Ash 2 Falconer not out 5B. Williams st. Nevin b. Smith 4 Wilson b. Taylor ... 0R. Clatworthy not out 4 Davies b. Taylor 12

Extras 28 Extras 21Total 77 Total 122

Bowling Analysis 0 M R W Avge.Williams 7 4 16 0Clatworthy 13 4 21 2 10.5Taylor 16 6 46 8 5.75Durbin ... 3 0 18 0 Result: S.E.C. lost by 45 runs.

6/7/57

53

115316

22431

1882

At Sandfield ParkSt. Mary's *

Hoare b. Asbury ...Sweeney l.b.w. b. McDermott ...Hamlin b. McDermottCaslin c. Azurdia b. AsburyKennedy c. Taylor b. McDermottRodwell hit wicket b. McDermottCallaghan b. TaylorAdair c. Williams b. McDermottWallace c. Edward b. McDermottConway c. McDermott b. TaylorMcLellan not out ...

ExtrasTotal

Result: S.RC. won by 1 wicket.7.00

41

254

1018134oo16

86Avge4.669.00

W62o2

R28184

14

St. Edward's College v. St. Mary's CollegeS.E.C.

T. Wolfenden b. CallaghanA. Edwards b. Callaghan ...B. McDermott b. McLellanD. Asbury c. Hamlin b. CallaghanM. Maybury c. Hamlin b. McLellanM. Azurdia b. McLellan ...J. Durbin b. GallaghanJ. O'Hara not out ...H. Lavery b. McLellanD. Taylor b. GallaghanB. Williams not out

ExtrasTotal (for 9 wickets)

Bowling Analysis 0 MMcDermott 12 3Asbury... 10 1Williams... 3 0Taylor 6 1

ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE 227

St. Edward's College v. Alsop H.S.S.E.C.

T. Wolfenden b. WilsonF. Murray b. BestD. Asbury not out...D. Taylor not out

St. Edward's College v. Waterloo G.S.S.E.C.*

T. Wolfenden b. Walsh ...A. Edwards b. JonesD. Asbury c. Ross b. WalshM. Maybury run outM. Azurdia c. South b. WalshD. Taylor c. Jones b. WalshF. Murray st. Ross b. SouthB. Ludden b. SouthJ. O'Hara c. Ross b. WalshJ. Watters c. Mitchell b. SouthR Williams not out

ExtrasTotal

Bowling Analysis 0 M R WAsbury 9 3 13 3Williams ... 8 2 14 2Taylor 7.4 0 15 5

School v. StaffSchool

H. Lavery b. Mr. HackettR. Clatworthy run outM. Maybury not out ...D. Asbury c. Br. Brennan b. Mr. FrazerD. Taylor run out·M. Azurdia not outF. Murray did not batJ. O'Hara did not batG. Shawcross did not batJ. Watters did not batS. Keating did not bat

ExtrasTotal (for 4 wkts.) ...

3o

273

1335o

217ooo1oo

50Avge4.337.05.0

21

5025

31

1193

At Alsop

Rain. Match abandoned.

At Sandfield ParkWaterloo G.S.

Marsden c. Maybury b. Asbury ...South c. Wolfenden b. WilliamsWhalley c. Maybury b. AsburyWalsh b. WilliamsGreaves l.b.w. b. AsburyLewis st. Murray b. TaylorMitchell c. Ludden b. TaylorGrant st. Murray b. TaylorM. Ross not outP. Ross st. Murray b. TaylorJones b. Taylor

ExtrasTotal

Result: S.E.C. won by 8 runs

At Sandfield ParkStaff

Br. Brennan b. ClatworthyMr. Bolger b. AsburyBr. Lovelady b. ShawcrossMr. Frazer b. ClatworthyMr. Robinson b. ShawcrossMr. Vignoles b. MayburyMr. Hackett c. Asbury b. Watterslvir. O'Hanlon c. Azurdia b. LaveryMr. Boyle c. Shawcross b. O'HaraBr. Mallowney c. Asbury b. MurrayMr. Morris not out

ExtrasTotal

13/7/57

20/7/57

4oo1o7

243o2o1

42

24/7/57

o23o68

417

10128

88

May 11th 1957 away-S.E.C. 71 for 8; Calday Grange70. Won by 2 wickets.

May 25th 1957 Home-S.E.C. 71; St. Mary's 94.Lost by 23 runs.

May 29th 1957 away-S.E.C. 70; Oldershaw 71 for 9.Lost by 1 wicket.

May 30 1957-away-S.E.c. 110; S.F.X. 74. Won by36 runs.

June 22nd 1957 home-S.E.C. 64; St. Anselm's 65.Lost by 1 run.

June 29th 1957 home-S.E.C. 76; Quarry Bank 78 for7. Lost by 3 wickets.

July 6th 1957 away-S.E.C. 108; St. Mary's 61 for 9.Match drawn.

June 1st 1957 home-School Second XI 133 for 7;A Staff XI 130.

SECOND CRICKET XIThe Second XI had a poor enough season, winning

only two matches of the seven completed and drawingone.

All their matches were well contested, the biggestmargin of defeat being three wickets, while two othergames were lost by one wicket and one run respectively.In the return game with St. Mary's, only one wicket wasneeded for a decisive win when time was called. Thestandard of play achieved was no more than moderate,though this moderateness was at least consistent.

O'Hara showed some promise as an all-rounder andfound a place on the First XI towards the end of theseason. Best scores were a 39 by Durbin and a 35 byMassey. T. Wolfenden also made 39 while temporarilyexiled from the First XI. Downey took 15 wickets for80 runs, Clatworthy 14 for 89 and Boyle 15 for 120.

Also played: M. Gibson, F. Murray, B. Ludden,B. Colquitt, J. Watters, J. Woolridge, A. Azurdia, G.Shawcross, B. Davis, B. Davidson,]. Tindall, R. Irving,S. Keating, B. Wolfenden, P. Moorhead, M. Geoghegan,D. Sparkes, J. Hoffman, J. Lynch, P. Christmas, J. Boon.

Results

228 ST.EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE

UNDER 14 XIThe Under 14 XI played six games, won four and lost

two. They were ably captained by L. Doyle, a fine all­rounder. In the home game against De La Salle he tookfive wickets, including a hat-trick, for 16 runs, and fivewickets for 12 runs against St. Mary's at Sandfleld Park.Vice-captain Davenport put up the highest score of theseason-50 not out against De La Salle. He took sevenwickets for 9 runs against Oldershaw. C. Bridge, a

COLTS (under 15) XIv. Calday Grange Won 81v. St. Mary's Lost 30v. S.F.X. Lost 44v. St. Andrew's Won 80v. Quarry Bank Lost 70v. St. Mary's Lost 76v. Waterloo Won 48

687047 for 577758126

consistent bat and very good fielder, scored 22 in ourhome game against St. Mary's. Doyle was 20 not out inthe same game. L. Doyle, J. Carney and Molloy werecapable wicket-keepers. Nine members of the teamproved to be good bowlers. Fielding and batting was ofa very high standard: the result of constant practice.The results of the last three games of the season showwhat improvement had been made.

S.B.C. Opp.v. Calday Grange (A) Won 34 for 6 31v. St. Anselm's (A) Lost 33 117v. St. Mary's (A) Lost 58 101v. St. Mary's (H) Won 72 for 6 67v. De La Salle (H) Won 77 for 2 48v.Oldershaw (H) Won 24 for 1 23

The following played: L. Doyle (Capt.) A. Daven­port (Vice-capt.), J. Nugent, A. Jones, B. Molloy,J. Carney, A. McMullen, J. Lowe, J. McInerney, T.Lundy, J. McKrell, M. Fearon, L. Rooney, B. Snelham,C. Bridge, M. Hughes.

32 points48 points

17 points42 points

25 points59 points

20 points43 points

25 points43 points64 points

101 points

9 points18 points

34 points44 points

36 points42 points

34 points45 points

27 points53 points

12 points32 points2nd

Cross Country Under FourteenThis year proved a vintage year for Under Fourteen

Cross Country Runners. But for one race, in which theywere second, the team won all its races and won themcomfortably.

Yet it is only when one considers their ages that one

20 points30 points

14 points44 points

18 points60 points66 points

40 points57 points73 points

ResultsUNDER 1610/10/1956

1. St. Edward's2. Bootle G.S.3. Chester City G.S.

27/10/56 Sefton Harriers' Memorial Cup1. St. Edward's2. St. Mary's3. Wirral G.S.

3/11/56 Booth Cup Race 2nd7/11/56

1. St. Edward's2. St. Anselm's

10/11/561. St. Edward's2. Toxteth Tech. S.

10/11/56 Aron Cup Race, Leeds. 7th

CROSS COUNTRY NOTES

The season was, on the whole, a good one for the 17/11/56school. The Senior team, however, had a disappointing 1. St. Edward'sseason despite the great efforts of J. Griffiths (Capt.). 2. BootIe GrammarWe were unfortunate in losing many of our best runners 21/11/57 at Cowleyfrom the previous Senior team and those who remained 1. St. Edward'sfor another season were far from showing their best form. 2. CowleyThe Seniors consisted of Griffiths (Capt.), E. Forde, B. 24/11/56 at PrentonDavis, M. Noon, J. Chamberlain, T. White, E. Quinn, 1. St. Edward'sD. Rooney, J. Addison, J. Tindall and J. Dodds. 2. Prenton

In the Under 16's we had a fine team and thanks are 1/12/56 at St. Edward's Collegedue to Bro. Coffey and Mr. Hackett who brought out 1. St. Edward'sthe team's natural ability by means of plenty of training 2. St. Mary'sand encouragement. Among those running consistently 3. Liverpool Institutewell were J. McCann, F. Caulfield, J. Snape, and T. 4. St. Anselm'sSullivan. Both Caulfield and McCann ran occasionally 8/12/56 at Toxtethfor the Senior team. Among the teams successes were 1. St. Edward's1st place in the Sefton Harriers Memorial Race, 2nd in 2. Toxteth Tech. S.the Booth Cup, 7th in the Aaron Trophy race at Leeds 16/1/57 at Quarry Bankand in the Northern Schools' Championships at Lyme 1. St. Edward'sPark, near Manchester. 2. Quarry Bank

The Under 16 team included J. McCann (Capt.), 19/1/57 at Wirral G.S.F. Caulfield, J. Snape, T. Sullivan, E. McShane, T. 1. St. Edward'sLloyd, K. Williams, B. Wolfenden, J. Horan) J. Fitz- 2. Wirral Grammar Schoolsimmons, J. Boggan and T. Neill, M. Boylan and J. 23/1/57 at Wallasey G.S.Lewis. 1. St. Edward's

2. Wallasey Grammar S.30/1/57 at St. Mary's

1. St. Mary's2. St. Edward's

6/2/57 at S.B.e.1. St. Edward's2. Quarry Bank

16/2/57 Sandfield Park Road Relay Race.2/3/57 at Liverpool Institute

1. St. Edward's2. Liverpool Institute

ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE 229

6659

425558

(H) Won 26(H) Won 30

(A) Won 36(A) Won 31(A) Won 21

The members of the team were as follows: Baines,(Capt.) Brewer, Roberts, Gilbert, Caulfield, Garrett,Fearon, Lundy, Tone, Dunn, and Joyce.

The results of the various races were as follows :St. Edward's

v. Toxteth Technical Schoolv. Liverpool Collegiate Schoolv. Bootle G.S. v. Cowley G.S.

1st, BootIe G.S. 30 pts.; 2nd, St. Edward's 38 pts. ;(H); 3rd, Cowley G.S. 77 pts.v. Bootle G.S. (A) Won 31 47v. Wirral G.S. (H) Won 30 56v. Wirral G.S. (A) Won 27 62v. Prenton School (A) Won 41 41v. Prenton School (H) Won 36 51v. St. Mary's v. St. Anselm's v. L;verpool Institute (H)

1st, St. Edward's 19 pts.; 2nd St. Mary's, 40 pts. ;3rd, St. Anselm's, 102 pts.; 4, Liverpool InstItute 131pts.v. St. Mary'sv. St. Anselm'sv. Liverpool Institute

realises how good the members of this team were. Ofthe ten best runners only three were in form four, namelyBaines, Brewer, and Roberts. The rest of the team wasmade up of Gilbert, Caulfield, Garrett, Lundy, andFearon from form three together with Tone, Dunn, andJoyce from form two.

Baines maintained a very good standard throughoutthe year, being the individual winner in eight out of theeleven races in which he competed. Neither Brewernor Roberts could be said to have been outstanding andyet they both gave good services to the team because oftheir general reliability.

The form three contingent, headed by that fine trioGilbert, Caulfield, Garrett, formed the backbone of theteam. Without these three the team would have been byno means as good as it was. Even amongst three suchgood runners it can be truly said that Gilbert stood outas the best.

It was the form two runners, however, who providedthe greatest promise and the greatest pleasure of all.Considering their age Tone and Dunn maintained areally wonderful standard throughout the season.

ATHLETICS NOTES

The first meeting of the season was the London A. C.Schools Sports. Only P. O'Hare went down :md was 6thin the Hammer with 140 ft. 10 ins.

The first school competition was the CoronationShield Championships held by Sefton Harriers. Thesenior (Under 19'8) team was only third but the Under17's were first in their section. On account of the wetwindy weather good times and dIstances were hard comeby. In the Under 17's Carter won both 100 and 220yards and the Long Jump, Noon the quarter and Fordethe half-mile. Croughan, the under 15 Captain wassecond in the 100 and 220 and Banks high jumped4 ft. 10 ins.

The match against Liverpool University was held atWyncote. Just before the competition began a torrentialdownpour started and several field events were cancelled.Carter won the 100 yards and was 3rd in the 220. Fordedid remarkably well in beating University's best halfmilers. P. O'Hare won Hammer and Discus and Noon,Griffiths and M. O'Hare were third in their respectiveevents. The highlight of the evening was the 4 x 110yards relay. Our team, consisting of Forde, Collins,Maxwell and Carter just managed to beat the Universitybest relay team in 46.8 sees.

The Northern Schools Sports were held on the 18thMay. I think that for every one there the final of the880 was the thrill of the day. Forde led from start tofinish just beating Bolton of Wigan Grammar School andJohnston of Waterloo. Forde was 17 the day before andis the youngest person ever to win the race which isopen to boys up to 20 years old. His time of 1 min.59.4 sec. has only been beaten once before.

Carter was third in the 100 yards and should winthrough next year. Other members of the school teamhad minor placings and were awarded standards.

The Liverpool Under 15 City Championship held onthe L.B.A. ground at Fazakerley was won by St.Edward's. Although the only individual win wasMcGrail 16ft 1 in. long jump, we won the relay and hadsomeone in the final of each event.

The Bro. Gibbons Shield and Bro. Robinson Cupmeeting was held in brilliant sunshine at St. Anselm's.

Five Christian Brothers' Schools took part: St. Edward'sSt. Anselm's, St. Mary's, St. Joseph's, Stoke and St.Joseph's, Blackpool.

Due to waiting for latecomers we arrived just as themeeting started and several members of the team had tostart without a warm-up. Forde was one of these andwas narrowly beaten by Reid of St. Anselm's whoeventually went on to win under 19 English Schools880. He made up for this, however by winning the mileand running an extremely fast 440 in the relay. Carterwon both 100 and 220 yards, the latter in a time of22.5 sees. although helped by a slight slope. John Snapewas narrowly beaten by Hoare of St. Mary's in the440 yards. Carrier came third in Hurdles. Tony Griffithswon the Steeplechase and Tom Wolfenden had the badluck to stumble taking the last hurdle and was third.

In the field events the results were not as good asexpected. Gallagher, who jumped well for most of theseason had an off day and could only manage 6th in theHigh Jump. Pearson was 2nd in the Hop-Step andJump. M and P. O'Hare were 3rd and 4th in PoleVault, White and Hoffman 2nd and 5th in Shot, White6th in Discus. P. O'Hare set up a new record in Hammerwith 154 ft. 7 ins. Swaniek was 6th.

The relay team of Collins, Noon, Forde and Carterwon easily, setting up a new record of 2 mins. 34.6 sees.and we thus narrowly won the Shield from St. Anselm'swith 93 points to 89.

In the Juniors there were plenty of good, solidperformances, but only Banks and Davenport did reallywell. They were 2nd and 3rd in the Pole Vault onborrowed poles, theirs having previously been bent inSenior competition. They won the relay, however,just failing to break the record, and were third in thecompetition.

The following Tuesday we met Wirral GrammarSchool at home after school. In the Seniors, GriffithsWOll the mile Steeplechase, Collins 100 and 220 yards,P. O'Hare 120 yards Hurdles and Discus and White theShot. In the Under 17 Neill beat Forde in 880 Carterwon both Sprints and the Long Jump with 19 ft. 1 in.and there was good all round backing from the other

230 ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE

members of the team. In the Under 15's the mile wasthe only event in which we were not placed, whilstDavenport, Croughan and Banks were 1st, 2nd and 3rdin Pole Vault. Davenport and Banks will be both under15 next year and should do well.

The entire competition was won by St. Edward's.Forde and P. O'Hare were the only two from the

school to take part in the Lancashire Junior CountyChampionships. Forde was 3rd in the 440 yards andO'Hare set up a new record in Hammer as well as beingplaced in 3 other events.

On the 4th June we met Cowley School and LiverpoolInstitute on the College grounds and won the vast majorityof all the events in all three sections. P. O'Hare won threeand was placed in two other events in Seniors. Carterwon 100 and 200 yards in under 17 and Croughan won 100yardsand 2nd in 220 in under 15. This match was notablefor one reason. In the Senior Javelin only one personmanaged to hit the ground point first with the javelin,this boy was from Cowley School. The St. Edward'srepresentatives only had to stick their javelins in theground over the scratch line to get a place but both triedto beat the Cowley boy and consequently lost valuablepoints. Whilst the match was decided on the sumtotal of points gained by each School each section wasregarded as a competition in itself and Cowley won theunder 19 Section by 3 points. This could have beenavoided by a little sense from the javelin throwers.

During the Whit holiday we went to Ruskin Drive fora match against various St. Helen's and other local clubs.We won both Senior and Junior competitions.

The under 14 team had two meetings against St.Mary's. In the home match, McGrail won 100 yards,Hurdles and Long Jump, Banks and Davenport were1st and 3rd in High Jump, joint Ist in the Pole Vault andBanks won the 220.

Eighteen places in the Liverpool City Team whichtook part in the Lanes. County Schools Sports went toSt. Edward's boys. In the under 19 Collins was 2nd in100 yards in 10.3 sees. Griffiths 4th in the mile, Pearsonwas 3rd in the Hop-Step and Jump. White won theShot with a School record of 43 ft. 2 ins.

Under 17's. John Carter won the 100 yards in a timeof 10.1 which was a Lanes. County and English record.Forde was narrowly beaten by Bolton who was avenginghis defeat in the Northern Schools. Bolton's time was158.6 Forde's 159.0, which was a new school record.M. O'Hare was 3rd in the Pole Vault and John Snape3rd in the 440 yards.

Under 15's. Marsh won H.S.J. with a record of37 ft. lIt ins. Banks and Davenport were 2nd and 3rdin Pole Vault at 8 ft. 9 ins. and several others won heatsand semi-finals.

The Merseyside Grammar Schools Athletic Cham­pionships were again held in the College grounds onTuesday 9th and Friday 12th July.

In the Seniors there were several excellent com­petitions in this meeting but the best result of all wasCarter's win in the 100 yards. His time of 9.9 sees. on arain-sodden -track was fantastic and I believe that his isthe fastest time ever recorded of a youth in England.Carter also won the 220 yards in the respectable timeof23.8.

Forde won the 440 yards in 52.4 and was third in avery fast half mile. The winner Reid of St. Anselm'swon theSenior half mile in th;, English Schools and thesecond place went to Johnstan who was 3rd in theEnglish Schools.

We could only manage 6th in the mile in Waterworthbut this young runner could be our best miler ever as hehas a most economical and relaxed style.

Griffiths and Tom Wolfenden were 2nd and 3rd in theSteeplechase, P. O'Hare 3rd in the Hurdles and we wonthe medley relay with Collins, Snape, Forde and Carter.As all these are back at school this year we stand a goodchance of winning the Northern Schools' Relay nextyear.

In the field events Huby was 6th in the High Jump,M. O'Hare was 4th in the Pole Vault, Pearson 5th in theHop, Step and Jump. P. O'Hare was 2nd in the Shotand 3rd in the Discus with a new school record of131 ft. 2 ins.

In the Juniors Warburton and Croughan obtainedminor placings in 100 and 220, Marsh and Cheethamwere 3rd and 6th in the 440, whilst Blakeman andBrookfield were 2nd and 5th in the half mile. In thehurdles Cheetham appeared to have a winning lead buthe unluckily hit a hurdle and lost his balance.; Traynorwas 2nd and Cheetham 4th.

The Junior team also won the relay. Marsh won theHigh Jump with an excellent record jump of 5 ft. 4 ins.and Cheetham was 2nd. Banks and Davenport weresecond and third in the Pole Vault at 8 ft. 11 ins.

For the second year running we won both sectionsbeating Birkenhead School in each case.SENIORS-1st St. Edward's 72 points

2nd Birkenhead School 61 pointsJUNIORS-1st St. Edward's 63 points

2nd Birkenhead School 32 points14 schools took part and as each school was allowed

two representatives in each event our boys did very wellto be placed in so many events.

The under 15 Relay team of Banks, McDonnell,Warburton and Croughan won the Prestwich Relay.

Carter and Forde were picked to represent Lancashireat the English Schools Sports and Collins as a. reserve.Carter won the 100 yards.

Carter, Collins and Forde were picked to representEngland at the Catholic Students International Games.Carter was 2nd-both 100 and 200 metres, beingbeaten narrowly both times by a German-Jurgen Tartz.Collins did very well but was unlucky in his choi:::e ofheats and did not get into either final. Forde was verynarrowly beaten into second place in the 800 metres.

P.O'Hare represented N. Counties v. Christie Clubin the Hammer and won with 160 ft. 1 in.

Altogether we have done very well this year, both asindividuals and as a team. Carter's sprinting has beengood throughout the season though this was expected.Collins, I think, surprised everybody by his turn ofspeed.

Forde's half and quarter miling belied his age, Davissurprised us all on Sports Day when he comfortably wonthe mile, Griffiths ran some excellent steeplechases andwas unlucky not to break the school record on SportsDay. Tom Wolfenden ran well in both mile andSteeplechase throughout the seaon. Snape ran wellthroughout the year and looks as though he will soonbe better than his brother.

Banks and Davenport were outstanding in the Juniorsin everything they did. Several new high jumpers haveappeared on the scenes and at the present time the schoolhas four high-jumpers who have equalled the schoolrecord whilst down the school young Peter Dempseynow in III Alpha high-jumped 4 ft. 8 ins., Dempseyhimself being only 4 ft. 9 ins.

Next year should see all the school records eitherequalled or broken as practically the whole of last year'steam has returned.

If I have left anything or anyone out of this accountplease forgive me as the names and meetings are sonumerous.

A. J. GRIFFITHS.

ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE 231

CHESS CLUB

Schools chess team to play in an Internationalmatch in Dublin.

UNDER 18 TEAM

University H Lost 6-4Old Boys' H Drawn, 3-3

Team-B. Gillespie, S. Keating, M. Darragh, P.Christmas, M. M. Geoghegan, R. Irving, R.Blakeman, L. Maher, C. Nolan, A. Brookfield.

4!-lt

6i-l!4-14-14-14-16i-1

4-1

4-1

3-2

3-2

4-28-16-06-04-65i-li

Won

Won

Won

WonWonWonWonLostWon

A

INTERMEDIATE LEAGUE MATCHES

Old Swan Tech. H WonOld Swan Tech. A WonLister Drive H WonLister Drive A WonHighfield H WonHighfield A Won

Quarter FinalRose Lane A Won

Semi-finalDe La Salle A Won

FinalDingle Vale A Won

SENIOR LEAGUE MATCHES

Lister Drive HLister Drive AQuarry Bank HQuarry Bank AHighfield HHighfield A

Playoff for Section WinnerHighfield H

Semi-finalAnfield Road

FinalEvered Avenue H

Friendly MatchesRose Lane H Won 6-0De La Salle A Won 7-3

Team-S. Keating, (Capt.), M. Geoghegan, M.Darragh, P. Christmas, R. Blakeman, C. Nolan,A. Brookfield, L. Maher, M. Bibby, and J.Keegan.

The Chess Club lost at the end of the year anold and valued member, Randal McDonnell, whohad gained a scholarship to Cambridge University­we wish him every success.

At the Fifth Annual General Meeting B.Gillespie was elected chairman, S. Keatingtreasurer and M. Geoghegan secretary. The clubwas split into two sections-one for Forms Twoand Three under Br. Murphy's supervision andthe other for Forms Four upwards with Br.Buttimer in charge.

Two teams were once again entered for theLiverpool Chess League-Intermediate (UnderThirteen) and Senior (Under Fifteen).

The Intermediate team retained the shield wonby their predecessors last year. The Seniort eamon the other hand improved on last year's per­formance in winning the senior shield.

This year several boys entered for the SeniorKnockout Competition, run by the LiverpoolChess Club. Taking all the schools together therewas a record entry for this competition and so itwas split into a number of sections, one of whichwas played at school here. Two boys, in particular,did very well in coming first and second in thiscompetition. S. Keating won the title of"Champion of Liverpool Schools" by beatinghis classmate M. Geoghegan in an exciting finallasting two and three quarter hours.

A Junior Knockout Competition was also held,and P. Gilchrist did well to reach the semi­finals. D. Thompson reached the quarter final.

As usual the annual match with the old boysbrought old rivals together-M. Darragh playedhis cousin Mr. F. Morgan and S. Keating playedR. Pontet. The match, played as always in afriendly atmosphere, was drawn.

Mr. F. Morgan kindly arranged a fixture for usagainst a University side which resulted in a winfor the University.

Lastly S. Keating and M. Geoghegan played forLiverpool Schoolboys on several occasions and M.Darragh acted as reserve. S. Keating was alsoselected to play for the English Catholic Grammar

232 ST. EDWARD'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE

FRIENDLY MATCHES

Wade Deacon HWade Deacon ASt. Mary's HSt. Mary's ASt. Mary's ADe La Salle ADe La Salle HRose Lane H

WonWonWonWonWonWonWonWon

15i-5t8!-7t

10-013i-3tIOi-5i10-27-67-1

Team-P. Gilchrist (Capt.), D. Thompson, G.Rossiter, A. Langley, A. Moxham.

Others who played at various times with varyingdegrees of success are as follows: Owens,Spruce, Gilchrist, F. o'Keeffe, Taylor, Walley,Rudd, Connelly, Sunderland, Bannon, Murphy,Goddard, Sharrard, Hale, Roberts, Scahill, Marsh,Rooney, Butler, Morgan.

M. GEOGHEGAN, Hon. Sec.

Printed by M. KILBURN, 59A Russell Streetl Liverpool) 3.