japan’s policy for wind energy · japan’s policy for wind energy hidenori yonekura september...

Japan’s policy for Wind Energy

Hidenori YONEKURASeptember 27th, 2016

Renewable Energy Unit, Technology Strategy Center(TSC)

New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization

TSC Renewable Energy Unit

Contents

1. Transition and Outlook of Japanese Wind Energy Market

2. Policy Framework of Wind Energy and the position of on-shore and offshore energy in Japan

3. Support activities for further deployment of wind energy

4. Activities on offshore wind

2


Long-term Energy Supply-demand Outlook

3

Capacity PowerGeneration

On-shore

9,180MW

16.1TWh

Off-shore

820MW

2.2TWh

Total10,000

MW18.2TWh

Source: “Long-term Energy Supply-demand Outlook”(METI, 2015)


Accumulative Capacity Transition and Outlook in Japan

4

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

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設備容量

[MW

]A

ccu

mu

lati

ve C

apac

ity

of

Inst

alle

d W

ind

Tu

rbin

es[M

W]

Target by METI in2030

Capacity Power Generation

On-shore 9,180MW 16.1 TWh

Off-shore 820MW 2.2TWh

Total 10,000M 18.2TWh

Installed Capacity

On-shore 3,067MW

Off-shore 50MW

Total 3,117M

2015

Source: NEDO data base and “Long-term Energy Supply-demand Outlook”(METI, 2015)

Feed-in Tariff started


Contents





5


Tariff for renewables in FY2016

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PVUnder10kW

Over10kW

Tariff 25~27JPY/kWh 24JPY/kWh

PJ term 10 years 20 years

WindOnshore

Offshore(*)Over 20kW Under 20kW

Tariff 22JPY/kWh 55JPY/kWh 36JPY/kWhPJ term 20 years 20 years 20 years

*Limited to the wind firm which not only located in the offshore but also need vessels for construction and operation

Geothermal

Over 5MW

Under 15MW

Tariff 26JPY/kWh 40JPY/kWh

PJ term 15 years 15 years

BiomassBio gas

GenerationThinned tree Crop

residueScrap wood

OtherresidueUnder 2MW Over 2MW

Tariff 39JPY/kWh 40JPY/kWh 32JPY/kWh 24JPY/kWh 13JPY/kWh 17JPY/kWh

PJ term 20 years 20 years 20 years 20 years 20 years 20 years

Water power

1~30MW

200kW~1MW

Under 200kW

Small and medium-sized water power using existing watercourse

1~30MW 200kW~1MW Under 200kW

Tariff 24JPY/kWh 29JPY/kWh 34JPY/kWh 14JPY/kWh 21JPY/kWh 25JPY/kWh

PJ term 20 years 20 years 20 years 20 years 20 years 20 years

Source: METI website(2016)

*Tax will add to above tariff


Summary of Policy Framework for Wind Energy in Japan

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■ Improve the business predictability （ Tariff for multiple-

year would be settled）

■ Cost-effective pricing system （ Targeted price, Auction, etc. ）

B) Strengthening of Industrial structure to achieve long-term stable wind industry

C) Promotion of offshore wind power generation

Revision of the FITComprehensive measures

for further deployment

A) Support for Smooth development including acceleration of the environmental assessment

1. High LCOE and increasing surcharge for FIT2. Hurdles for accelerating the deployment

Challenges


Contents





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A) Support for Smooth development -e.g. smooth EIA-

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Establishment of the methodology for advance environmental studiesHalving the time period for environmental impact assessment

Schedule on early-enforcement/demonstration projects of environmental impact assessment studies

Demonstration projects for

early-enforcement

environmental impact

assessment

2015

2015Actual

achievements

2016 2017 2018

2016Actual

achievements

2017Actual

achievements

Announcement of the

results of demonstrated

projects as a guidance

Guide(first)

Guide(second)

Guide(final edition)

reflecting reflecting reflecting

updating updating

reflecting to “Handbook for environmental impact assessment at power plants”


National government

A) Support for Smooth development -e.g. smooth coordination-

National government provide support on the local councils held and feasibility studies conducted by the local governments, local concerned parties and power suppliers for implementation of the local wind power generation project.

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【Major laws and regulations】➢ Environmental Impact

Assessment Law

➢ Agricultural Land Act

➢ Natural Parks Act

➢ Forest Act

➢ Green corridor etc.

<Roles of the council>

・Smooth adjustment of the regulations on possibility of

the grid-connection

・methods for profit-return system for the local community

utilizing wind power business

・Coordinating with agricultural, forestry, fisheries workers,

and land owners

Local government(s)

Support(attend as an observer)

Local concerned

parties

Wind power

suppliersExperts

Council<Vision for local support>


B) Strengthening of Industrial structure -e.g. Capacity building -

Adequate maintenance are important to prevent serious accidents and to improvement of capacity factor .

With the growth of wind power generating facilities, rapid increase in demands for maintenance is expected. The wind turbines maintenance is still an immature industry so that securing and training the human resources are necessary.

Japan Wind Power Association is considering to establish a certification system for private maintenance qualifications.

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<Maintenance for wind power generating facilities>


Contents





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Existing offshore wind firm in Japan

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Type LocationDistance

(km)Depth

(m)Rated(MW)

No. of WT

Total(MW)

Start operation

Note

Bottomfixed

Hokkaido 0.7 13 0.6 2 1.2 2003 Near shore

Akita 0.1 - 3.0 1 3.0 2005 Near shore

Yamagata 0.05 4 2.0 5 10.0 2004 Near shore

Ibaragi 0.04~0.05

44

2.02.0

78

14.016.0

20102013

Near shoreNear shore

Chiba 3.1 12 2.4 1 2.4 2013 Demonstration

Fukuoka 1.4 14 2.0 1 2.0 2013 Demonstration

Floating

Fukushima 20 120 2.07.05.0

111

2.07.05.0

201320162016

DemonstrationDemonstrationDemonstration

Nagasaki 1.0 100 2.0 1 2.0 2013 Demonstration

Total 29 64.6


Challenges of offshore wind power generation

14

Preliminary survey

• Adjustment the issues regarding exclusive use of the sea areas with stakeholders

• Various procedures

• Finance

Design and installation

• Limits of port infrastructures/vessels/heavy machineries for construction of the large-scaled offshore wind turbines and foundations

• Completion Guarantee, risk of delay

Operation & maintenance

• Insurances

• Wake effect

• O&M infrastructure (maintenance ships, equipment etc.)

Decommission

• How to do the decommission

Cost and Risk reduction on offshore wind


Identification of the procedures for offshore utilization

Offshore field could determine the port area or general coastal area based on the“Ports and Harbors Act”.

Ports and Harbors Act was revised to establish an open application system forexclusive use regarding the port areas.

The guide for installing offshore wind firm in general coastal areas which includesdemonstration projects and examples of local government to support will bereleased in FY2016.

15Sourse:NEDO offshore wind conditions map(demonstration version)

general coastal areas

port areas• Based on the Ports and Harbors Act

• Based on the prefectural government policy


Identification of the offshore resources

16Source: NEDO offshore wind conditions map (demonstration version) http://dcm04.gis.survey.ne.jp/Nedo_Webgis/top.html

<wind direction distribution > <wind speed distribution>

<wind speed trend of month and year>

Offshore wind conditions map including offshore wind conditions, environmental/social conditions and marine geology is advanced under the lead of NEDO.

NEDO released demonstration version of offshore wind conditions mapping March of this year. NEDO will release full version of that within FY 2016,considering collected opinions.

http://dcm04.gis.survey.ne.jp/Nedo_Webgis/top.html


RD&D on offshore wind

There are 2 bottom-fixed offshore (Choshi and Kita-kyushu) and 2 floating offshore (Fukushima and Goto) demonstration project has been implemented.

In addition to above PJ, new demonstration project lead by NEDO for low-cost floating offshore wind is starting.

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General coastal area Port area

(As of Jan. 2016)

Fukushima (Floating type)

Kita-Kyusyu (Bottom-fixed type)

Goto, Nagasaki (Floating type)

✓ Installation of 2MW-windmill was completed in March 2013. Power generation has been started since June 2013.✓ Demonstration data including operating data and wind-speed data will be collected by (the end of) the business year 2016.

✓ Installation of 2.4MW-windmill was completed in October 2012. Power generation has been started since March 2013.✓ Demonstration data including operating data and wind-speed data will be collected by (the end of) the business year 2016.

✓ Demonstration has been implemented to realize the world’s first full-scale offshore wind power generation at the point about 120m below the surface of the sea, roughly 20km off the coast of Fukushima since the business year 2011.✓ Wind turbines (2MW-one in November 2013, and 7MW-one in the business year 2015) were installed and started of operation. 5MW-wind turbine is planned to be installed around summer, 2016.

7MW SHINKAZE

2MW MIRAI

5MW HAMAKAZE

✓ Floating offshore wind turbines(100kW) was installed in June 2012. Floating offshore wind turbines (2MW-class) was installed and started of operation in October 2013. (Ministry of the Environment)✓ The demonstration project was closed at the end of the business year 2015. SPCs have started electric power selling business from April 2016.

Choshi (Bottom-fixed type)

Source: METI

2MW Haenkaze


Offshore wind installation projects

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Ishikari-bay new portExpected capacity:

100,000kW

Noshiro port, Akita portExpected capacity

150,000kW

Omaezaki portExpected capacity:

50,000kW

Wakkanai portExpected capacity:

10,000kW

(As of Jan. 2016)

Sakata port(under contemplation）

Kashima portExpected capacity:

250,000kW

Off Iwafune, MurakamiExpected capacity:

200,000kW

Off Yasuoka, ShimonosekiExpected capacity:

60,000kW

Kita-Kyusyu portExpected capacity:

300,000kW

Mutsuogawara portExpected capacity:

120,000kW

Several bottom-fixed offshore wind firm are in progress across the country.

Off AkitaExpected capacity:

450,000kW

Source: METI

General coastal area Port area


Summary

As the Feed-in Tariff (FIT) system has started, there are the movement toward a growing introduction of the wind power generation. For further expansion, reduction of LCOE is indispensable from the aspect of cutting down on a burden of public imposition and some challenges such as long lead time and appropriate coordination with local community should be resolve.

Japan are conducting revisions of the FIT law, improvement of business environment to expand the installation of wind power generation, and construction of the framework for long-term stable wind energy industry.

Since Japan has limited points with good wind condition onshore, it is important to promote the offshore wind power generation.

For advance of the offshore wind, Japan has addressed the clarification of the process for the utilization of port/general coastal areas, the organization of offshore wind power potential map and the RD&D of offshore wind power generation, and handling the other issues toward the expanding installation.

Several first commercial bottom fixed offshore wind farm are in progress. 19

Thank you for your attention.

Hidenori YONEKURARenewable Energy Unit, Technology Strategy Center(TSC)

New Energy and Industrial Technology Development OrganizationTel: +81-44-520-5150, Email:[email protected]

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