its eprimer module 3: application of its technologies in transportation management

ITS ePrimer Module 3: Application of ITS Technologies

in Transportation Management

September 2013

Intelligent Transportation Systems Joint Program Office

Research and Innovative Technology Administration, USDOT

2U.S. Department of Transportation

Instructor

Mohammed Hadi, Ph.D., P.E.

Associate Professor

Florida International University

Miami, FL, USA


Module Purpose

Review of the applications of ITS to the management of transportation facilities

Identify the benefits of these applicationsHighlight associated challenges and lessons

learned


Learning Objectives

Describe existing and emerging Transportation Management Systems (TMS) tools

Explain associated issues Identify common challenges Identify lessons learnedDiscuss future actions


Need for Managing Transportation

Increasing congestion impacts

Increasing constraints on new capacity additions

New capacity does not necessarily resolve congestion Source: “Traffic Congestion and Reliability: Trends and Advanced

Strategies for Congestion Mitigation.” Prepared for Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) by Cambridge Systematics, Inc., Cambridge, MA, September 2005.


Transportation System ManagementApplication of

advanced strategies and technologies to management

Improve performance (mobility, reliability, safety, environmental impacts)

Source: USDOT Integrated Corridor Management Web site (http://www.its.dot.gov/icms/)


Basic Functions of TMS

Source: Transportation Management Training Module. Consortium for ITS Training and Education (CITE), University of Maryland, CATT, College Park, MD. Accessed November 2012.


Need for Information Collection

Performance monitoring Incident managementSystem control Active traffic managementFleet managementPriorities/preemptionsModeling/analysis support Source: Neudorff, L.G., J. E. Randall, R. Reiss, R. Gordon,

“Freeway Management and Operations Handbook,” Prepared for FHWA, Washington, D.C., September 2003


Information Collection Technologies

Point detectors AVI readersAVL trackingPrivate sector dataCCTV camerasEnvironmental sensor

stations Source: Jehanian, K., “I-95 Corridor Coalition Vehicle Probe Project.” Presentation made at the USDOT Probe Vehicle Workshop, December 2008.


Information Dissemination

Travel timeTransit informationDynamic speed limitLane controlDynamic pricingRoute guidanceMode guidanceAMBER/Silver Alerts

Source: Neudorff, L.G., J. E. Randall, R. Reiss, R. Gordon, Freeway Management and Operations Handbook. Prepared for FHWA, Washington, DC, September 2003.


Information Dissemination Methods

DMS HAR Trailblazers Graphical boards Kiosks 511 phone systems Web sites Phone apps In-vehicle systems



Information Dissemination Issues

Message content Message format Information credibilityDissemination

activationDevice locationDevice type



Ramp Control

Ramp meteringRamp closure Signal control at off-

rampsFreeway-to-freeway

connector metering Source: Neudorff, L.G., J. E. Randall, R. Reiss, R. Gordon, Freeway Management and Operations Handbook. Prepared for FHWA, Washington, DC, September 2003.


Ramp Metering Strategies

Isolated or coordinated Pre-timed, traffic

responsive, or adaptive Preferential treatment

of HOV, transit, emergency vehicles, or trucks

Source: Jacobson, L., J. Stribiak, L.Nelson, and D. Sallman, Ramp Management and Control Handbook. Report No. FHWA-HOP-06-001, Produced for FHWA by PB Farradyne, Washington, DC, January 2006.


Ramp Metering Issues

Mainline vs. ramp performance

Impacts on other facilities Public perception of

adverse effects Public outreach efforts Coordination with other

agenciesSource: Jacobson, L., J. Stribiak, L. Nelson, and D. Sallman, Ramp Management and Control Handbook. Report No. FHWA-HOP-06-001, Produced for FHWA by PB Farradyne, Washington, DC, January 2006.


Ramp Metering Benefits — MN Study

9% increase in throughput

14% decrease in travel time

Travel time reliability improvement

26% decrease in crashes Benefit to cost ratio of 15

to 1

Courtesy: Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT)


Multimedia Example

Ramp Metering: Signal for Success - Federal Highway Administration Video can be found at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rsvaGXW6moA


Managed Lanes

High occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes

High occupancy toll (HOT) lanes

Express toll lanes (ETL)Truck-only toll (TOT)

lanesBus lanesOther special use lanes

Source: Managed Lanes—A Primer. Sponsored by FHWA, Washington, DC, August 2008.


Managed LaneStrategies and Considerations

Pricing strategies (fixed or dynamic)

Vehicle eligibilityAccess controlEnforcementPublic outreachModeling and analysis Source: Managed Lanes—A Primer. Sponsored by FHWA,

Washington, DC, August 2008.


Multimedia Example FDOT 95 Express video:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U1VzpFcfU78

Courtesy: Florida Department of Transportation


Other Active Traffic Management

Variable speed limitQueue warningLane controlReversible lanesHard shoulder runningBus-on-shoulder

Source: Fuh, C., Synthesis of Active Traffic Management: Experiences in Europe and the United States. Publication # FHWA-HOP-10-031, Prepared for FHWA by Parsons Brinckerhoff, Washington, DC, March 2010.


Arterial Systems

Signal systemsBus priorityEmergency vehicle

preemptionRail-road crossing

preemptionParking informationSystem/equipment

monitoring

Source: “Planning for Success: Applying Systems Engineering to ASCT Implementation.” Presentation by Eddie Curtis, FHWA Office of Operations/Resource Center.


Signal OperationsUpdates based on:

□Performance measurements

□Operational objectivesSignal timing

□Manual □Optimization tools □Fine-tuning

Source: Koonce, P., L. Rodegerdts, K. Lee, S. Quayle, S. Beaird, C. Braud, J. Bonneson, P. Tarnoff, and T. Urbanik, “Traffic Signal Timing Manual.” Produced for FHWA, Contract No. DTFH61-98-C-00075, Task Order No. B98C75-009, Washington, DC, June 2008.


Multimedia ExampleThe Southwestern

Pennsylvania Commission - before and after videos of signal retiming:□http://

www.spcregion.org/trans_ops_traff_vids.shtml


Multimedia Example

Coordinating traffic signals video:

(http://www.marc.org/transportation/ogl/video.htm)


Advanced Signal Control Strategies

Traffic responsive control - initially proposed

Adaptive signal control technology

FHWA Model Systems Engineering Document for ASCT


Multimedia ExamplesSanta Clara County

adaptive signal timing video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=doXpCB3_nDA


Preemption at Railroad Crossing

Clear queues backing to tracks

Prevent spillback to adjacent intersections

MUTCD requires preemption within 200' of track

Longer distance may be necessary

Source: Skehan, S., “Highway-Rail Grade Crossing Preemption Seminar Sacramento.” California, October 10–11, 2007.


Emergency Vehicle Preemption (EVP)

Improve response time, safety, and stress levels

Selection of supporting technology

Selection of EVP locations

Routing EV around congestion

Source: Koonce, P., L. Rodegerdts, K. Lee, S. Quayle, S. Beaird, C. Braud J. Bonneson, P. Tarnoff, and T. Urbanik, Traffic Signal Timing Manual. Produced for FHWA, Contract No. DTFH61-98-C-00075. Task Order No. B98C75-009, Washington, DC, June 2008.


Transit Signal Priority (TSP)

Active TSP approaches □Early green, green

extension, phase insertion, phase rotation

Passive TSP Queue jumpers Full bus lanes on arterials Bus-on-shoulders Transit on managed lanes

Source: Smith, H., B. Hemily, M. Ivanovic, Transit Signal Priority (TSP): A Planning and Implementation Handbook. Prepared for the United States Department of Transportation, Washington, DC, May 2005.


Integrated Corridor Management (ICM)

Information sharing and coordination between agencies

Improvement of operational efficiency based on coordinated operation

Promotion of cross-network shifts

Planning for operations


Practice review Initial feasibility researchTechnical guidance Analytic tools and

methods Modeling, demonstration,

and evaluation of ICM approaches

USDOT ICM Program


Transportation Management Centers (TMC)

Focal point of transportation management systems

Focal point of coordinating with and communicating with other agencies

Courtesy of Florida Department of Transportation


TMC Classifications

Freeway Management Centers

Traffic Signal System Centers

Transit Management Centers

Multijurisdictional/Multimodal TMCs



Multimedia Example Videos describing Florida

Department of Transportation TMC Software Statewide deployment:

http://www.itsa.wikispaces.net/file/view/SUNGUIDE1.mp4, ttp://www.itsa.wikispaces.net/file/view/SUNGUIDE2.mp4, and http://www.itsa.wikispaces.net/file/view/SUNGUIDE3.mp4

Courtesy of Florida Department of Transportation


Center-to-Center Coordination

Sharing of information such as during events

Coordinated strategyCoordinated control

(e.g., signal control in adjacent jurisdictions)

Source: Neudorff, L.G., J. E. Randall, R. Reiss, and R. Gordon, Freeway Management and Operations Handbook. Prepared for FHWA, Washington, DC, September 2003.


Multijurisdictional/Multimodal TMCs

Seamless travel information across jurisdictional boundaries

More effective and integrated management

Cost savings Improved working

relationships Need formal agreement

Source: Information Sharing Guidebook forTransportation Management Centers, Emergency Operation Centers, and Fusion Centers. Prepared for FHWA, Washington, DC, June 2010.


TMS Device Maintenance

Preventive maintenance

Responsive maintenance

Emergency maintenance

Continuous funding is a main issue

Courtesy Schneider Electric (formerly Telvent)


Transportation Data

Performance measurements Planning for operations Decision support tools Predictive modeling Impact assessment Modeling and operational

analysis



Transportation Data Issues

Resources and funding Central warehouse vs. virtual

warehouse Data quality Data fusion Adequate documentation Accessibility Maintainability Ease of use



USDOT Data Capture Program

Support acquisition and provision of integrated, multisource data

Enable the development of data environments

Source: USDOT RITA Web site (http://www.its.dot.gov/)


Connected Vehicles (CV)

Detailed probe data (type, quality, and quantity)

Communication between TMC, drivers, and vehicles

Better analysis of performance and responses

Source: USDOT RITA Web site (http://www.its.dot.gov/data_capture/data_capture.htm)


Connected Vehicle- Example Applications

Integrated Corridor Management (ICM)

Weather-responsive management

Signal control Signal information

dissemination Priority and preemption Active traffic management Automated highway

applications

Source: USDOT RITA Web site (http://www.its.dot.gov/)


Summary

TMS strategies contribute significantly to improving mobility, reliability, safety, transportation security, and emergency response

TMS contributions will increase in the coming years as the available technologies and associated strategies continue to advance

Connected vehicle-highway technologies offer the potential for significantly enhancing all processes of TSM&O


Questions

1. What are the four basic functions of transportation management?

2. Give examples of freeway management and arterial management applications.

3. What are the types of surveillance systems and which type is required for ramp metering?

4. List two issues associated with DMS applications and two issues associated with ramp metering.

5. Is it true that adaptive signal control is expected to provide benefits under all conditions?

6. List the benefits of emergency vehicle preemption.

7. Discuss issues associated with data archiving.

8. Give examples of potential connected vehicle applications in TMS.

its eprimer module 3: application of its technologies in transportation management

Documents

freeway management

operations handbook

traffic congestion

environmental impacts

usdot probe vehicle

congestion mitigation

cambridge systematics

eprimer module