ismail ceylan kutay kocayurt martin konicek. what is a project temporary activity with start date...
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Ismail CeylanKutay Kocayurt Martin Konicek
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What is a projectTemporary activity with start date and end date
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What is project managementPlaning , managing resources
Time, money, people, equipment, services
PM triangleChange of one constraintaffects the others
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Project phasesDesignImplementationMaintenance
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Design + PrototypingCreate a small prototype and show it to users!
Do it early - in the design phaseDo this iteratively
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ImplementationMany methodologies: waterfall, iterativeIncludes everything: data conversion, user training,…
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MaintenanceRemember after acceptance the project is not over!
Users will have a lot of commentsMaintenance costs often are higher than development costs
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Project manager
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Project managerResponsible for planning and execution of whole project
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Project managerResponsible for planning and execution of whole project
Must have critical thinkingSee potential problemsIdentify unstated assumptions
Resolves interpersonal conflictsMakes communication between team members easy
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Project managerResponsible for Risk management
Minimize uncertainity
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Methodology
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Gantt chart – planning
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COCOMO - estimatingCOnstructive COst MOdel Estimation of time + money based on
Size of the project (Lines Of Code)Complexity of the projectSkill of the team
Basic COCOMOIntermediate COCOMODetailed COCOMO
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COCOMO - estimatingDistinguishes 3 classes of projects:
Organic projectsSmall, simple, not so tight requirements
Semi-detached projectsMix of levels of complexity, mix of rigidness of
requirementsEmbedded projects
Tight HW, SW and operational constraints
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COCOMO - estimatingEffort in person-months E=a*(KLOC)b
Development time D=c*(E)d People needed P=E/D
Coefficients depend on the type of project:
Project a b c d
Organic 2.4 1.05 2.5 0.38
Semi-detached 3.0 1.12 2.5 0.35
Embedded 3.6 1.20 2.5 0.32
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COCOMO - estimatingExample: 8200 lines text editor
E = a*(KLOC)b =2.4*(8.2)1.05 = 21.9 person-monthsD= c*(E)d=2.5*(21.9)0.38 = 8.1 monthsP= E/D= 21.9 / 8.1 » 3 persons
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Project teamUse small teams (up to 8)Skill: good developer can be up to 10 times more
effective than a bad oneTeam players realizing the overall goal are important
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The clientDefines the projectMonitors the evolution of the projectApproves modifications to agreed-on constraints
Typical case: “We need more time”Making good relations with the client helps get future
projectsWe want to do many projects for this client, not just one
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The client - communicationPrepareHave clear objectives for the meetingDefine priorities
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The client - communicationClarify client’s idea to the maximumUse client’s language, don’t get too technical!Consider alternatives and compromises – be flexibleShow client different views (some features are
unnecessary)Clients don’t know what they want but they want it soon
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The client - communicationPrepare to listen to the clientDon’t interrupt speaking client!Be open, client might actually have clever ideasRespect pausesGive feedback to make future meetings more effectiveBe humbleDemonstrate real interest