iron warrior: volume 6, issue 5

8/22/2019 Iron Warrior: Volume 6, Issue 5

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FORUM OR ENGINEERING CONCEPTS

JULY 1985P DONATES PORTABLES

Monica Markovicci

On July 4th Hewlett-Packard an-nounced they will donate 300 HP Portable Plus computers,valued in excessof$lmillion, to the University. This equipment is expected to stimulate educationalexperiments at the University and software development.

The Portable Plus is designed formobile professionals featuring port-ability, reliability and ease of use. Asdescribed in an HP news release, the userscan run the software they need byusingthepopular MS DOS operating system.Memory is expandable up to 890 kilobytes of RAM; and software is availablethrough plug in cartridges and or discmedia. The 9 pound lap-top sports thesame screen as desktop personal com-puters and provides remo te access to othercomputer systems through an optional,built-in modem.

Dr. Don Cowan, a UW CS professorexplained that the first group to make useof the lap-tops will be a computer science

The Portable Plus shown here with a h i n k j ~ t rrintt:T

class of 3 beginning next fall. The groupwill be split evenly into Portable Plus usersand non-users in order to assess their effectiveness as an educational aid. The restof the machines will be made available inJan. 86 and will be introduced in a similarmanner to science, kinesiology and engineering classes.

Dr. Cowan drew a parallel to pocketcalculators, stating Once students foundout how useful they were, they willinglybought their own. With a current pricetag of 3660 this does not seem too likely.However, reliable sources expect that theportable will be available to students forabout 1500.

They (lap-tops) could represent thebeginning of a whole new era of computeruse, states UW president Doug Wright.The full impact of the machine is still uncertain. What is certain is that Waterloo ismaking a commitment to providing, andto experimenting with, new technology.

N THIS ISSUEMorals of Genetic Engineering ................................... 5Toronto Star's Critique of UW ................................... 7ICR Progress ............................................................ 8Digital Audio Discs ............................................ .......9


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2 mON WARRIOR JULY 1985FROM THE DEAN'S DESK

/

A recent issue of The Iron Warriorfocused onquestionsand issues involvingthe quality of instruction in engineering. rwant to state upfront that the instructionof both u ndergradua es and grad ua tes is atop priority in this faculty. I sincerelybelieve that nearly all faculty share thisview. That is not to say that we are notcommitted to research - we are -Waterloo is recognized as one of Canada'stop engineering research schools.

It is interesting to note that, in theU.S.A., where they actually rank engineering schools in terms of undergraduateeducation, all of the programs in the topten, except one, are strong researchschools. There is a strong correlationbetween quality in research and quality ineducational programs. A recent article inthe Globe and Mail pointed out that of allthe programs contacted, the 1985 Waterloo engineering grads have the highestplacement rate. Industry clearly isinterested in Waterloo graduates. Itisa lsoclear that co-op is one of the main reasonsfor this. Two years of working in the real

world are seen as providing somecomponents of the "skill set thatemployers desire.

A number of activities are taking placeor will tak e place which clearly will impactpositively on the teaching environment.Engineering Lecture HallThe first floor will be renovated toimprove line-of-sight to blackboards. The acoustics and lightingwill be improved and much of thefurniture will be replaced. Thetotalcost is close to $300,000, which hasbeen donated by Imperial Oil.A teaching assistant workshop willbe set up at the beginning of the faUterm in order to help prepare newteaching assistants.We have set up the E E RC- Engineering Education Research Centre- to do development work oneducational software. These facilities are available for special studentprojects.

EDITORIALAfter reading the article, 'Whiz KidsHave No Fun', I was truly disappointedwith the Toronto Star. At the expense of

.f the truth, the author maintained thetheme that the cost of success is a socialnightmare. Unfortunately those who havenever experienced life at UW(particularlypotential students) will believe that thisarticle is true. Personally, I would not liketo go to the school described by the Star.In this issue, we have reprinted thearticle from the Star. If you wish to write aletter to the editor, the address is:

Toronto Star.Letter to the Editor,I Yonge St.,

Toronto, Ont.M5E IE6In closing I would like to sincerelythank aLI those people who made the IronWarrior possible this term.

We are in the process of a majorreview of our Year One program.Hewlett Packard has made a majorgift - $150,000 - worth of labequipment - H.P. 64000 LogicDevelopment System. This is thefirst major donation dedicatedtotally for undergraduate instruction.

In addition to the above, nearly all ofthe research labs are open and studentsareinvited to visit and ask questionsregarding the activities of he labs. It is oneway of finding out just what goes on inthese facilities.

Regards,W. C. Lennox,Dean of Engineering

The Editors: Eric Nordin and Gord Strachan . I

IRON WARRIOR STAFFEDITORSEric NordinGordon Strachan

WRITERSPaul BaumanMichelle ChinMonica MarkovicciRudy Mul inarySteve PitkanenTracy Renaud

L YOUTAudrey ChinPeter ~ l u s g L l i v eEric ~ o r h r.Gord Stra(:r..< l

The IRON WARRIOR is a publication of the Engineering Society at the University ofWaterloo. Its purpose is to promote professional awareness within the EngineeringFaculty and to inform Engineers of the society activities.

PHOTOGRAPHERS STAFF HELPPeter MusgraveEric Nordin

Alan McCann

Mailing Address:Iron Warriorc/o Eng. Soc. AUniversity of WaterlooWaterloo, Ontario


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JULY 1985 RON W RRIOR

Message from the PresidentShort but sweet)

In examining the world market placetwo major conclusions can be drawnabout successful companies. The first isthat they tend to be situated in countriesthat pursue democracy and free enterprise. The other distinguishing feature istheir ability to excell at product differen-tiation in comparison with their competition. In the market place differentiation is everywhere. Everybody whetherproducer, fabricator, seller, broker,agent, or merchant, engages in a constanteffort to distinguish his offerings from allothers.

These factors that I have outlined forbusiness ventures are equally applicableto the educational arena. Schools that arerenowned leaders in business, science andthe arts are usually situated in democratic,competition-oriented countries. Univer-sit.ies that are recognized as leaders haveexcelled because of the ecuational oppor-

tunities they have offered to students. It isprecisely this ability to differentiate theirservices in the minds of prospectivestudents that has resulted in their success.

One obvious example of such aUniversity is our own. Althougha relativenewcomer, it has established itself as aleader in the engineering, math andcomputer fiel,?s of study. As a result, ithaswitnessed tremendous growth and popularity. The ability of the founders of theUniversity to intuitively apply the principles of product differentiation is whathas made this university so successful. Inmy estimation, Waterloo will continue togrow in both physical sizeand prestige as itadapts and finds creative and uniquesolutions to the challenges of the future.

From the VP s eskAs the term draws to a close (most

would say thankfully), I find mys If pon-dering the Eng. Soc. events of the pastthree months. Which were SlICCCS. es lWhich were failures? How could we haveimproved? Being in the position I am, it sdifficult to objectively consider the equestions. However, I realize it isimportant that we learn from our mistakesand build on our successes.

Certainly, Engineering Week will notagain be so precariously scheduled in themiddle of midterms; hopefully we ll havethe blotter printed before the first month'sinformation becomes obsolete; and yes,we ll try to publicize events a little earliernext winter. Certainly we made somemistakes, and I know there are areasneeding improvement. However, I d liketo commend the Engineering Societydirectors of summer 85 for all thesuccesses they helped bring about. TheFirst Annual Tuition Lottery was a hugesuccess, the Phone-a-thon raised recordamounts and we had a number of newanddifferent events this term. However. oursummer school term is almost over, andbefore being caughtupin the whirl wind ofexams. Eng. Soc. is trying to prepare fornext winter.

Currently, we are choosing directors fornext term. The list of positions availableincludes: Enginews, Iron Wrrior, advertising, pUblicity. special events. social,P**S, course critiques, C&D manager,C&D assistant, POETS, 2nd vice-president, off-term rep., speaker. athletics, debates. hard hat band. stage band,garage, photography, office manager,newsletter, alumni affairs and bus pusl)..

3

Directors hold appointed positions andarc each responsihl for theIr own speCIficarca of the b1g1 nee Ii Ilg SOClcty. Althoughsome e ~ t r tlllle is r


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The Federation of Students has beenfocusing on several student issues thathave arisen over the past few months .Some issues affect us, as engineeringstudents, some do not. Nevertheless, Iwould like to give you a feeling for thecurrent concerns the Feds have beendealing with. I hope this article willbroaden your awareness of on-campusdevelopments.

The issue which hits closest to home isthe compulsory computer fee we will bepaying when we return in January. Thefees, which leave no faculty exempt,received final approval at the Board ofGovernors (B.O.G.}meetingheld on June4. For Engineering students, this meansthat an extra $100 will be added to the costof tuition. One of the initial concernsabout the fees was that they would not betax deductible. However, due to thelobbying of Federation President SonnyFlanagan and the presence of over 80

Dear Iron Warrior,The article in our June 1985 edition was

entitled "Amateur Road Racing inCanada" was written by r a n ~ o i s Hebert(BASe 84, MASc 85) a graduate studentinelectrical engineering.

r a n ~ o i s is spending the summer atFairchild Instruments, Paio Alto, CAL,so I have a correction to make on hisbehalf. The governing body for roadracing in Canada is the Canadian AutoSport Club (CASC). I believe theiraddress is as given in the article, 5385Yonge St., Suite 203, Willowdale, OntoM2N 5R7.

Thank you for printing this interestingarticle.Louise Mallory

Graduate StudentMechanical Engineering

I was appalled with Jack Cahill'sarticleof June 29 entitled "Whiz Kids atComputers w o Any Time for Fun".Being a 3rd year student at the U ofWaterloo, I must set some facts straightand bring to light many of the aspects ofUW that Cahill obviously overlooked.

To begin with. the underlying theme ofCahill's article the lack of spirit amongthe students and their deficiency forhaving fun. He points out the "rare"dancing in Federation (not CONfederation ) Hall afld the 4 AM computerpounding, the spare time stress clas es andlack of loyalty to classes and faculties.What truly amazes me is the fact tha t thereis no mention of the fun that reallydoes goon both on campus and off, obviouslyoverlooked by Cahill.

Cahill is not entirely wrong in his viewsof UW. It is true that UW has a certain"efficient" and "businesslike" campusand that there is a constant feeling of

IRON W RRIOR

Fed ouncil Notesconcerned students at the June 4 meeting,the B.O.G. promised that the fees wouldbe tax deductible.The Integrated Studies(I.S.)program isundergoing more than change in namethis year (it is now called "IndependentStudies"). Most ofthe academic structureof the program has been retained.However, control over admissions, budget and allocation of space and resources,which were once powers held by 1.S.students alone, now lie in the hands ofseveral committees comprised of LS.facuIty, administrative personnel and'students. These student powers wererevoked due to misuse and abuse of thesesame privileges.

To add to the I.S. turmoil, two I.S.students were arrested for trespassing lastwinter. The first student was chargedwhen he elected to return to campus afterbeing banned from campus for one yearresulting from alleged discordant be-

haviour while he was not a registeredstudent. He was convicted and isappealing. The second student wasordered to leave I.S. property when it wasbelieved he was using LS. resources whilenot having registered that term. Herefused to leave and was arrested for trespassing. He was acquitted last month. TheFeds chose to recognize them as valid U. ofW. students since they were registeredduring the previous two terms and decidedto fund the cost of alllegaJ fees for bothstudents.

An issue which Engineering studentsmight find more interesting is the futurerenovation of the Bombshelter. A questionnaire was circulated via the lastmprint issue to determin what changes

students would like. The results of thisquestionnaire indicated that moststudents would prefer a quiet atmospheresimilar to an English pub.

A new student housing project is in the

Letters to the EditorcompetitIOn in the air. However, moremust be said about the type of institutionat hand and the rea ons behind theseattributes. After all, one does not peak ofa $30,000 car without substantiating it.Since Day one, University of Waterloohas been following a mandate to produceprofessionals that are experienced . All toooften is told the story of the Universitygraduate who can't get a job because hehas no real experience and can't getexperience 'because he has no job. Thuswas born the co-op educational system. Itseems ironic that the Bovey Commissionconcludes:

"Graduates capable of working atthe forefront of knowledge-intensive areas, such as in advanced tech-.no ogy and in the social and healthsciences, will be crucial to the longterm health of Ontario and ofCanada, and Universities must meetthis need." (Bovey Report,

Sect. 3.2.4, Dec. 1984)This capabi lity of working, or as someview it, adaptibility, is what co-op is all

about.There are very few, ifany, students who

would rather get out a year early and giveup the job experience ga ined through theco-op system. Not only can they afford toput themse'lves through University, butdifferent fields of their disciplines can beexperienced in hopes of broadening thescope of their available directions.Another Bovey recommendation statesthat Universities must design programs"Aimed at producing graduates who willbe adaptable throughout their lifetimesand who will understand their OWnspecialties within a wider context and inrelation to new technological developments." (Bovey Report, Recommendation 14, Dec. 1984).

One of the consequences of thisuniversity'S program is that Waterloostudents work very hard. This dedication

is not the result of wanting to be the top ofthe class, but is a result of the individual'sdrive for personal excellence. Waterloodoes not cut off a certain percentage ofstudents, creating the competition to bebetter than another student. Instead ofcompeting against fellow students, students will work together to solveproblems, and help each other innumerous ways.

The only "competition" is between thestudents themselves and their courses, andthis is why Waterloo has such a highreputation for producing excellent graduates.

In this age of information and technology, computers have become "tools ofthe professional trade". Being on thepractical side, the University of Waterloouses computers to the full extent of theircapabilities. As an offshoot of theindustrial ties between Waterloo companies such as IBM and DEC havedonated over $25 million in computerequipment. They have contributed to theabundance of equipment without whichWaterloo could not remain at the forefront of technology. In fact, at thisuniversity, the availability of computershas all but eliminated the 1 i1g lineups forcomputer terminals experienced at otheruniversities. By the way, 4 AM computerall-nighters renol an everyday activity,Cahill sugggests

The most di turbing vision of Waterloo's students suggested by Cahill'sarticle, is that of the lack of spiri t and funloving. I can say from experience that theUniversity of Waterloo does have spirit,perhaps not a 100 year old "traditional"spirit, but one shaped by a strong sense ofpride.

Take Federation Hall for example. This"rare happening" as Cahill suggests hasbeen filled to capacity by students almostevery Friday and Saturday night since itopened in early 1985. During the first 4

JULY 1985

works. The current plans are to build 50University-run townhous e units just westof Columbia Lake to be completed, hopefully, by September 1986. Each unit isexpected to house 4 students.I hope these brief notes will sparkengineering student interest in campuswide issues. All students are part of theFeds. This means that most Fedcommittees, such as the BombshelterRenovation Committee, and all StudentCouncil meetings are completely open toany student wishing to attend. f you areinterested in learning more about theFeds, sitting on committees or attendingCouncil meetings, contact any of he threeEngineering Reps on Fed Council (StevePitkanen, Todd Crick and MichelleDundas) or leave a note in the Federation of Students Council box in theOrifice. If you want your voice to be heard,the opportunity is there.

months of 1985 (when 75 % of he studentsare on campus), entry into Fed Hall wasalmost impossible after 9:00 p.m . andtickets sold out days before. Even now,with 25% of the students on campus forthe summer, Fed Hall fills quickly. And,Fed Hall is fully funded by the studentbody

From what other University, can about40 students, on vacation across Europe,meet in a pre-arranged bar in Munich tocelebrate Canada Day - proud to beCanadian, proud to be from Waterloo.This was an offshoot of the famousWATPUB in which hundreds of students,working in Toronto, Ottawa, Montreal,and Calgary, meet each Wednesdayduring a work term to dance and break upthe mid-week blues at pubs across thetowns.

Class and faculty spirit is also alive andwell, as shown by the recent EngineeringWeek activities, where groups fromvarious classes can be seen golfingthrough the halls, racing homemadechariots and rafts, enjoing daylongbaseball tournaments and paradingthroughout the campus, proud to beUniversity of Waterloo engineers.

Perhaps I speak from experience only asan engineering student. Perhaps I havebeen lucky. But the variety of students atsuch ,events as W ATPUBS or Fed HallConcerts seems to point to many UWFaculties. It is indeed a pity that manystudents will be scared offby Jack Cahill'sarticle, seemingly dwelling on the purelytechnical and industrial side of this fineinstitution.

A. Frank2nd VP - Eng SocEE 87 - E og en er ic and proud of it


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JULY 1985 IRON WARRIORGenetic Engineering Report fromIts Moral Impact CWEST

y seeking to transcend our naturew may allfar below it. yseeking torebuild evolution w may spoil thefruit ofprevious evolution. Creaturesof human shape might survive buthuman beings might become extinct.

- Dav id Lygre

by Michele ChinGenetic engineering is a whole newtechnology: an eno rmous, powerful technology which will give us the ability toreconstruct living forces to humanpurpos e. Science has come upon the _ultimate discovery, whereby man has beengiven the power to manipulate the very

stuffof life. t contains possibilities thatcould save the world but, it also containsselfish purposes that could destroy it.Questions have arisen since the appearance of this relatively new field of medicalscience, and so some temporar y guidelinesand permanent solutions for dealing withthese controversial s ituations are needed.Though many of the moral questions arenot new, the science to which the questionsare being addressed certainly is It isexpected that what can eventually bedonemost inevitably will. Therefore, themorality of genetic engineering mustproportionately speed up, and until such atime, the most strict precautions both inthe decision making and the laboratory

model persons. These traits could depictirrational values that could be subject tochange as readily as 'fads'. Sexual inequality would be reinforced if it waspossible to choose the 'desired' sex.Genetic engineering can be commerciallyexploited to meet public demand and everchanging values.Much of this is pure speculation, as the~ ~ - - - - ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ m q r b n ~ ~enforced.Research in genetic engineering wasinspired not only by man's continuingsearch for his place in the universe, butasaresult of the foreseeable benefits it couldoffer to mankind. Scientifically, geneticengineering is new and exciting, and ofintriguing and almost irresistible appeal.Presently, the focal point of geneticengineering is its medical applications.Besides advancing the knowledge andtechniques of medical science, geneticengineering is being used to eradicategenetically inherent diseases, find cures tomany cellular disorders and alleviatehuman suffering. The production ofenough synthetic insulin, antibiotics,growth hormoes and other medications incommercial quantities is now possibleandless expensive. When the prospect ofcloning does in fact become a reality, as nodoubt it eventually shall, the medicaldilemma offinding an organ to transplantwith possibilities of bodily rejection willbe eliminated. Also, the chancesof mixingBad genes in natural reproductivecycles will be greatly reduced.Genetic engineering can also be appliedto pollution control, agricultural needsand environmental repair. Man could be

master of the world's genetic destiny. Hispropuls ion into a Utopian future providesan alternative to the slow and mindlessprocess of evolution. The potential goodof his technology is limited only by man'simagination.

Man is presently in an unstable,transitional era, where one false moveusing his newly found genetic powerscould mean disaster. The possible uses ofgenetic engineering include the exploitation of man himself. The latestcontroversy is 'made-to-order humans',each carefully pre-selected to fit what oneman or group of men see as perfect or

foreseen. The greatest biohazard is ourlack of knowledge. The consequencesand potential dangers of genetic engineering when exploited by man couldresult in his own demise.Genetic engineering could be dubbedthe proverbial two-edged sword thatholds great promise but also potentialdangers. It therefore raises many questions and concerns. Moralists worry thatgenetic engineering has a 'snowballing'effect, which once started cannot bestopped. They also feel th at scientists arereally no t accountable to anyone except toother 'mad' scientists. The specificpurposes for which genes are altered areunclear, as is the person orgruopofpeopl ewho have the 'God-like' wisdom todecide, control and choose 'superiorfeatures'. Possibly the most difficultquestion to answer, with respect to man'slimited knowledge at this time, is where to'draw the line'. Where do net benefitscease to exist and exploitation of naturebegin? Genetic engineering and itsconsequences affect all of the moral,ethical and scientfic faculties of society,thus the pressing need to address theissues.Decisions that discern the extent ofgenetic manipUlation must be made soon.Many believe that well enough should beleft alone, or maybe the most pressingproblems be investigated. However, thisrather passive attitude will not satisfy eventhe least ambitious scientist. Though themajority of geneticists would not exceedthe mora l limits some researchers might.Prohibition is not a permanet solution. Toreduce the chances of disaster, strictprecautions must be enforced, stipulaJingthe most exacting outlines of biologicaland physical containment. This prudentapproach must be taken until man canunderstand more about the complicated

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- -. ..

by Barbara AdeyAt the end of May the third Convention

of Women in Engineering, Science andTechnology was held in Ottawa-Hull. twas attended by roughly four hundredpeople, mostly women, from a variety ofscientific and technological institutionsand corporations. Engineering Society Awas represented by myself and RuthDolan.The conference consisted oftwo days ofpresentations from both men and womenin a range of topics from highly technological subjects to discussions of issuesin management and women's issues. therein management and women's issues.There were addresses from such wellknown individuals as Roberta Bondar, aneuro-scientist and one ofCanada s spaceshuttle astronauts, and from StuartSmith, chairman ofthe Science Council ofCanada. On the technical side, there werepresentations on computer applications,biotechnology and robotics. As well, thecode of life. Safer alternatives must be progress of women in the non-traditionalchosen over less certa in ones. The fields represented at the conference wasguidelines governing scientific work must examined.be made by men of both scientific and The mood of the conference was reethical standing a nd must be acceptable to freshingly objective: I had half-expectedsociety. These fair and equit able decision- to find myself in a group of women whomakers could comprise a scientific were concerned more with feminism thanbranch of government. In this way, with their areas of technical expertise.scientists would be accoun table to their However, I found myse lf among veryaoc:iotJ i ~ b e m e d d u t t . I C ~ l W i ~ J t a . Q H . d i v j d u ~ ~ , . n h l . - '

what can be done, will bedone ; it is only were genuinely interested in technofogy asa matter of time. It is primarily a question well as the hope that women will not beof how it can be done both safely no harred from auvancement in t h ~ ' field .morally. These solutions provide a base Jhe c ( ) l 1 c 1 u s l ( ) l 1 ~ drawn by the conupon which to support future under- fcrence were us follows. there a r ~ hastakings. ically no d c t c r r e n t ~ left it t he entry levelGenetic engineering is the final fronlier from university into industry for wOlllcnof world technOlogy, requiring a genetic with science ur engineering trailllng.code of ethics, not the cloudy moral However, their progress to the upperdilemma facing most scientists today. It i echelons of powcr in both corporationsonly through strict guidelines that the and re earch institutions stillIngs behindadvantages can be fully appreciated and that of their male counterparts . Also, thethe detrimental effects minimized. t problem faced by career women who alsocannot be avoided. Science has proved want to htlvc a family are still a verytime and time again that it is not science pressing concern.and technology as such which will imperil I enjoyed theconference immensely andman, but their disconnection from moral learned a great deal. As well, I met astandards. number of engineering students fromThe marriage between genetic engin- other universities across Canada.eering and related morality must be keptintact if man is to survive into the next

c ~ n t u r y .

FOR [LERn[L 5E[OmFORTRBLEHOU5 fie

CALL S M THE ~ U D E N TaCCOMMODATION t t N

576 8818

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6 mON WARRIOR JULY 985PLUMBERS FORUMWhat was your impression of the article, "Whiz Kids Have No Fun"?

Journalists who do not properly researcharticles are a menace to the profession.David Charette 3A Mech

We've got lots of spirit, just look atengineering week.Rob Gulbronson 3A Chem

rt J H LL f "

Doesn't paint an accurate picture of UW(there are othe r faculties besidesMa th andEng.)n ~ ~ U ~

The article was factual, however neg-atively slanted. It misrepresented UW,where Fed Hall is a popular place.Tracey Renaud IB Mech

I felt that Cahill's portrayal of UW wasinaccurate . He made the place sound like atrade s,chool.Barbara Adey IB Sys

The article gavean impressive viewofUWfrom a business viewpoint, but missed outon the personal and social profiles ofstudents.Steve Bock 3A Sys

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JULY 1985 IRON W RRIOR 7Whiz Kids Have No Fun

While most Ontario universities insistthey exist mainly to improve the student'smind, to teach young people to think forthemselves and to challenge conventionalthought, there's not much of that airyfairy stuff on the neat, orderly, efficient,cold, businesslike, somewhat overcrowded campusof he UniversityofWaterloo.

At Waterloo, they say the hell with suchan outdated educational philosophy, it'satough, commercial world out there andkids have to learn to hustle if they want tomake a buck in it. You don't have to bebroadly intelligent to survive in this scaryworld, but you've got to learn to sellyourself. This is the philosophy of theUniversity of Waterloo.

Consequently its campus is a go-go-goplace where you pund the computer at 4a.m. to catch up with your classes. Andyour classes are constant because thecompetition with other students is toughtoo. Thisisa "half the world will be outofwork because of high technolog y in a fewyears time, but it's not going to be me"university and the stress and strain of it allshows.

There are constant classes but in'another way the place is classless. There' snone of the elitism of Queen's or thecountry-club atmosphere of Western.

grown rich. One of the more successfulwas started by second year dropouts.When their class graduated they employed the top two students.

This is a university like noother in thalitwas not founded by the provincialgovernment, a church or other culturalinstitution, but by a group of ndustrialistsand businessmen. It was the brainchild ofpeople like Ira G . Needles, who waspresident of the B.F. Goodrich Co.,J. G.(Gerry) Hagey, an adverti ing executivewith Goodrich, and the late Carl A.Pollock, of Electrohome Ltd. Theylooked into the future and correctlydecided that Canada would need a bigsupply of people with high technologicalskills in the coming decades. And theystarted an engineering school at Waterlooin July 1957 with 75 students.

"Dear John" letters are endemic. Loneliness is one of Waterloo' big lessons."We get to be expert on moving and

I'm tired of it," said Laurie Law on,21,achemical engineering student wftb is vicepresident of the ~ n g i n e e r ociety.

"We're being pushed really hard here,she added. "There's sucn a high calibre ofstudent (admission to Waterloo u uallyrequire high school grades from the high70s up to the 90s , with the average in the80s). There's pressure on us all the time. Imean, we're expected to perform prettywell from day one to get one of the goodco-op jobs. What's good about it is thesky's the limit. There are lots of obs and awide variety of them available. You learnan awful lot on thejob and it's good to seethe things you learn at lectures takemeaning. We learn the attitudes of peopleall the way up in a company. We learninterpersonal skills. We become prettyrealistic. I wouldn't trade my work termsfor the opportunity to go to a universitythat has traditions.

"People recognize Waterloo as a verygood school and we will be proud to havecome from it, said Al McGowan,president of the Engineers' Society. "Butthere's not a lot of encouragement toreally love it and not a lot of spare time toreally think about it."

This lack of university spirit shows in astudent union vote of about 20 per centand small attendances at most sportingevents except basketball at which Waterloo excels. There have not been manysocial activities in the past, but the Studen tFederation, sen ing the need, has recentlybuilt the biggest and probably the bestequipped tudent pub on any Canadiancampus at a co t over $2 million. It'sstarting to bringstudentsfromall facultiestogether.

"This university has become so grounded in the philo ophy of applying yourselfand getting on and getting a job that itseems to downplay all otheraspects, saidGeorge Eliott Clark, former editor of thecampus newspaper, Imprint. It doesn'tteach you to be happy. It teache s you howto sell yourself. I'm not denigrating that ,but it shouldn't happen to the detrimentofthe other things in life You're nottaught to think and criticize. Only aminority of professors practice that sortofthing. Mostly it's a factory system. You'rein and you're out."

This theme seems almost unanimousamong Waterloo students but there arenow obvious pressures within the university administration to alleviate it andmake Waterloo at least a little like theothers.

Here, instead, there'safairbitofcrass,asprinkle of brash and a lot of drive andinsecurity. The kids come from across the

Now, in less than 30 years, it is the thirdbiggest university in Ontario and eighthbiggest in Canada. Its maths faculty (over3,500 students) is the world's biggest,beating a Soviet institution into secondplace. It also produces half of Canada'snew English-speaking actuaries. Sales ofcomputer software programs produced atWaterloo generate $2 million a year onroyalties, more than Stanford Universityand the Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology (MIT) combined. It has moreresearch contracts with industry than anyother Canadian university. Its co-opprogram, in which students study for fourmonths then work for the next four,

1m 0 mone a wellasex erience, Reprinted with permission - Toro nto Star SyndicateL M l I ( I M O ' W \ t ~ r M . . . I o I I I I I , . , . - t J t - ~ I r . o s e ' ~ s e o ; : ~ n - d - b l g g e s t co-op system In:'" ~ ; : ' . , - - ...class to rich, from ancient Canadian and North Amerlca, only marginally behindnew immigrantfamilies, the only common North-eastern University in Boston, anddenominator being their brightness. Hereyou see lineups of kids in panty hose and it's rapidly being copied by other univer-sities across Canada.three-piece suits (on the appropriatesexes), looking their best, waiting for jobinterviews with middle managers who aregods; kids who can talk computerese butare too busy to read a novel; who, in theirspare time to go to classes on how tohandle stress, conservative kids who aregoing to be commercial successes if it killsthem. Waterloo is the university forYuppies.

Me firstThere's not much joy to all of this and

there's not much spirit either on a campuswhere the first loyalty is to "me" and ahopefully prosp erous future, rather thanto a faculty, a fra ternity, a class, a collegeor the university itself.

Only a small minority of students(about 800) belong to the four churchrelated colleges affiliated with the university and only a small percentage ofstudents (about 4,000 of 25,000) live inresidence. The rest commute from thelocal community or even the 50 miles (80kilometers) from Toronto.

Still, the University of Waterloo is'wildly successful at producing successes.Its campus is circled by little businessesstarted by students or graduates whocombined computer science with entrepreneurship, both major disciplines atUW. Some of the li.tUe businesses havegrown big and some of the graduates have

More than half of UW's full-timestudents are enrolled in the co-op programand almost all of them get jobs with thehelp of 36 professional co-ordinators,who advise the students and aetas a liaisonbetween them and industry. Over 1,100employers in every Canadian provinceand across the world participate in theplan, some using only one student at atime, but others up to 200. Mostemployers alternate students every fourmonths, thus securing the equivalent ofone full-time employee.

The system has many advantages. Thestudents experience practical applications of their professorial lectures and theymature quickly with their experience inthe workplace. They learn what sort of ajo b ' they want and what sort they don'twant. They get a foot in the door of theworkplace. And the businesses profitfrom new ideas and learn which studentswill be compatible with them after graduation.

There are also human disadvantages.The system gives Waterloo its nicknameof "the suitcase university . Its studentsare constantly on the move, usually from ashared, rented house in Waterloo,perhaps home to Toronto at theweekends, then maybe off t Alberta andanother shared apartment or boardinghouse for the four-month work period.There's little chance of keeping friends.

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8/12

8 IRON WARRIOR JULY 985The Drawbacks of Compact Discs

The following art ic le was original ' printed in the March 1985 issue of Iron Warrior.The art ic le In Defense of Compact Disks i s in responce to th i s art ic le

by Wes HeaJdThere is currently much discussion on the perfection of digitalaudio and specifically the perfection of

the new Compact Disc format. Whilemost people agree CD's sound betterthan most analog systems, many discriminating audiophiles prefer analogdiscs when played on a good qualityturntable with a high quality cartridge., The most obvious improvementin sound quality is the increase in signal to noise ratio. CD players consistently have SIN ratios above 90 dB.Audiophile analog discs sometimeshave SIN ratios approaching 65 dB,but most discs and turntables supply aSIN ratio of about 50-60 dB. CD'sare also not susceptible to noise andvibration picked ,up from the playbackenvironment and consistently providethe best sound they are capable ofunder most conditions.However, the CD system is notperfect. The problem is that distortioncan be high in the higher frequencies.To find the reasons for this the CDformat must be examined. Digitalrecording works by sampling the analogwave form and recording the sampledvoltage in binary. Usually 16 bits areavailable on each channel for eachsample. One bit is used for a paritycheck by the error detection systemleaving 5 bits available for quantization.

The CD format uses a sampling frequency of 44.1 kHz. Thismeans that the system samples theanalog voltage every 0.00002 sec. andfinds the best 5 bit binary number toexpress that value. This process ismuch like picking points off of agraph. Playback reverses the procedure just as you would sketch a graphgiven the plotted points. The system

by R MulinaryThe William G. Davis Computer Research Centre is a new modern facilitybeing constructed on the former 8Parking Lot. t will contain offices and

laboratory space for the followingdepartments; Electrical Engineering;Computer Science; as well as corporateoffices for the Institute of Computer Research. Space is also being provided forthe C.I.M. laboratory, the Sidic laboratory and a food service outlet. A majortenant of the building will be the EMSLibrary which will be relocated from itspresent location on the fourth floor of theMath and Computer building. Originalplans called for two 250 seat lecturetheatres, however, at the present timefunding is only available for one theatre.This project is unique for constructionon the University of Waterloocampus as itis the first time we have used ProjectManagement and the fast-talking techniques associated with it. By overlappingdesign and construction time it is anticipated we will achieve occupancy up to a

Recorded signal:dotted lines indicatesampling points

Reproduced signal:note sampling pointsdo not faithfullyreproduce originalsignal

Diagram shows the distortion created by attempting to reproduce a 20 k z audiosignal using a digital sampling frequency of 44.1 kHzcan smooth out the graph because itplots the best sine function through thepoints with a frequency of less than 20kHz. As the number of samples percycle decreases it becomes impossiblefor the system to plot a complex sinewave of proper phase, frequency oramplitude . This distortion is evengreater in the presence of transientscaused by rapid attack and decay ofthe music. When a transient occursthe system must get new informationon the waveform and follow the newgraph as quickly and accurately aspossible. As the sampling rate isdecreased accurate plotting of thewaveform becomes even more difficultand unlikely.In order to graph a sine waveaccurately, 4 points are required oneach cycle. With a 44.1 kHz samplingrate a CD remains accurate to kHz,above which distortion rises rapidly. Asampling rate of 80 kHz would accurately reproduce frequencies up to 20

kHz . Distortion also occurs due toquantization error. This error is due tothe recording system having to pick thebest of 32767 values to ' express thevoltages it samples. This errorincreases as recording level decreasesbecause the system has fewer possiblevalues to choose from. This low leveldistorted signal is so noticeable thatrandom noise called dither is actuallyadded to the source signal to mask thedistortion and to keep the recordedsignal from becoming too low.Despite the low sampling rateand the small sample size, the discsurface contains 5 billion bits of information. Each square mm contains over100,000 bits, so a scratch, fingerprintor dust particle that exceeds 0.003 mmacross, will obstruct one bit and makethat sample invalid. What is commonly referred to as error correction ismore accurately error detection andconcealment. When an error is

ICR Progress Report

Construction on the building' s : ~ c u r d a ~ i o n

detected, the system looks at information before and after the lost sample tofind the reproduced data . If, for somereason, this copy of the information isalso not available, the system infers anestimate of the 6st data. As errorsincrease in length, as with scratches onthe disc surface, burst errors occurmaking error concealment less and lessaccurate as more sequential data islost. On inferior players, error concealment systems are easily overloaded;but severely worn discs can overloadeven the best error concealment sys-terns. Error concealment systemsonly hide the fact that data is beinglost as wear occurs on the disc surface.Although CD's are more durable thananalog discs they should be handledwith just as much care.

The advantage of CD's is notperfect sound, but they eliminate manyproblems associated with analog discrecordings. Problems like low SINratio and dynamic range modulationnoise, turntabJe rumble, wow and flutter, out of centre discs, turntable, tonearm and cartridge resonance, recordand stylus wear disc warp and resonance, acoustic and mechanical feedback and Record/Playback RIAAequalization. CD's have achieved consistency of sound that is very tolerantof environmental variables.Unfortunately CD's do notrealize the full potential of the digitalmedium. The CD system makes reasonably good use of existing technologyand indeed is a quiet musical systemHopefully the industry has remainedflexible enough to make use of newdata storage and microprocessor technology as it becomes available.

year earlier.Currently the architects and engineersare working on detailed design drawingsfor i nterior finishes and the electrical andmechanical systems and it is anticipatedthat tenders will be called for this work inthe fall of 1985.

Total cost of the proje ct inc1udingconstruction costs, fees, furnishings andequipment and necessary innovations toexisting buildings is 46.6 million dollars.

Construction is now underway and it isexpected foundations will be sufficientlycompleted by early September to be readyfor erection of the precast columns,beams, and hollow core floor slabs. Theseunits will be fabricated off-site starting inJuly. The erection ofthe exterior claddingsystem should commence in November.

Although the detailed design tooklonger than anticipated, the ProjectManagers, UMA Spantec Ltd., still feelthe projec t will be ready fo r occupancy inthefaU of 1986.


9/12

JULY 1985 IRON WARRIOR 9In defence o Digital Audio by Paul Bauman

It has indeed been intere ting to followthe evolution of compact disc and digitalaudio technology in the marketplacethrough the past few years . In a worldwhere mediocrity is generally the rule it isencouraging to see a superior technologysucceed commercially. Digital audioprovides the best reproduction of theoriginal acoustic event with little or nosignal degradation and the results arequite pleasing both musically and aesthetically.

Initial reactions to digital audio in thepopular press ranged from complete unacceptance based on uninformed to unsubstantiated claims based on unscientifically-conducted listening tests toemotional, ugly name calling. Nevertheless, compact disct (CD) technologyhas gained a firm foothold in the marketplace and although the majority of criticshave been silenced some misconceptionsstill exist. Some of these misconceptionswere evidenced by an article appearing inthe March 1985, Iron Warrior for those ofyou who were around then.

Many people believe that by samplingand quantizing a music signal , information is lost or that the digitizing processis inherently not good enough. Suchpeople will make remarks such as "distortion occurs in the presence of transients", or "D-A reconstruction isequivalent to plotting the best sinefunction through the sample points with afrequency of less than 2 kHz", or "errorcorrection is more accurate ly errordetection and concealment". On listen-,complain that the music sounds too coldand sterile. Hopefully the preceding statements will be shown to be invalid.

Anyone who understands the Nyquistsampling theorem and acknowledges thelimit of human hearing as 20 kHz has toaccept the standardized sampling rate of44.1 kHz as adequate for digital audio.The original continuous signal can beexactly and fully reconstructed from thesampled version ifthe sampling frequencyis greater than twice the highest signalfrequency component. For the CDsystem, sampling at 44. I kHz in conjunction with proper low pass filtering,bandlimiting, and anti-alias filteringbefore A to D conversion ensures flatresponse to 20 kHz with negligible highfrequency distortion.

The sampling process is illustrated inFigure I (courtesy of Lipshitz andyanderkooy) and the inherent periodicityof the sampled spectrum is evident. Antialiassing filters are required to eliminatethose frequency components above Y z thesampling frequency.

Arguments that the signal can bechanging too rapidly between samples (ie.transient distortion) are invalidas thehighfrequency components required to produce this are simp ly not present in thesignal - they have been filtered out at theinitial bandlimiting stage before A to 0conversion. Fourier synthesis requireshigh frequency components to produce arapid time transient (think of the deltafunction) and since these high frequencycomponents have been filtered out at theinput stage, there is no ambiguity betweensamples due to transient distortion. Theonly question remaining is whether theband-limiting filters themselves audiblydegrade the signal. Carefully conducted"listening tests have shown that these filtersare innocuous.

SAMPLING THEOREM

OlP . 8 ~ IIIII 1ih . i s ~TItZS ReOAIN

Fig. 1

SIGNAL RECONSTRUCTIONSINX/X FUNCTIONS AT THE SAMPLE POINTS

.5OASHED CURVE IS SUM OF SINX/X FUNCTIONS S H ~ NFaECUENCY SICNAL (2B SAMPLES PER CYCLE)

Fig. 2

SINX/X FUNCTIONS AT THE SAMPLE POINTS

II11 ,.f. ( ~

o-10-20

QUANTIZATION

QUANTIZATION ERROR

DIFFERENCE SIGNAL(This is not the error )~DITHER

l i t PurFig. 4

D I T H E ~ IN,-sa V 7rIS

- + + +- + +1 Hz SIN WAvf 'LS8 r-r

__ L J ~ A _ _ L L J__ 4dB o

-10

.5HICH fREQUENCY SICNAb


10/12

10

Cameron Wright is the research co-ordinatorfor the Waterloo Public InterestResearch Group. The subject matter of hisarticle was derived from WPIRG s firstsummer popular education event whichtook place on Wed., June 26in the CampusCentre.

Off the west coast of Vancouver inClayoquot Sound lies Meares Island - awilderness area containing salmonstreams, other wildlife and some of thelargest first generation cedar trees in theworld. For 5,000 years the resources ofMeares have been used by the Clayoquotand Ahousat native people of the area.For generations these native people havefashioned canoes and other tools fromtrees on Meares and depended on the fishand game for survival. However, all thismay change soon. Macmillan Bloedal, asubsidiary of Noranda, and one of fivelogging corporations in BC, controls thetimber rights toa large portion of he 8,000hectares of cedar and hemlock on MearesIsland. They would like to begin loggingon Meares immediately. However theirplans have been inter rupted by the BritishColumbia Appeal Court which recentlygranted an jnjunction against logging onMeares until the native land claims issue isresolved. While the judge stated that theinjunction applied only to Meares becauseit is a special place the results of thedecision could have far reaching implications for native bands throughoutCanada. The Meares decision will set aprecedent for future negotiations betweennative land claims and resource development.It was for particularly this reason thatthe Waterloo Public Interest ResearchGroup hosted an event inthe CampusCentre on Wednesday June 260n Meares

IRON WARRIOR

Meares sland

Island. A former University of Waterloostudent, Laurie Gourley, was on hand toshow some slides of Meares Island andclear cut operations and to addressquestions from the 40 people in attendance. While not claiming to be anexpert on the issue, Mr. Gourlay drewfrom several years experience withenvironmental groups in BC to coverdifferent aspects of the Meares controversy. The native concept of landownership, the dangers of clear cutting,and public participation in the loggingissue were some of the major areasaddressed.In native cultur here isno rea conceptof land ownership or property, saidGourlay. The land is instead open to all aslong as one does not take more than theyneed, retaining the ecological balance.While Gourlayw ould not predict what theeventual court decision would be, he didsay that our western definition ofpropertymight prove problematic for the native

people in a court oflaw. The native peopleare claiming ownership of Meares Islandbased on their use of Meares over the past5,000 years for its na tural resources. Theyhave said that they will turn it into a tribalpark open to all except resource development operations if the courts rule intheir favour.

Clear cutting is not a new loggingpractice. For several years large loggingcorporations have been cutting hugeswaths through Be. One-quarter of theworld's softwood supply comes from BCwhere 47 million hectares have beenlogged, involving the labour of over70,000 people .Generally, the clear cuttingmeans the indiscriminate cutting ot treesby mechanical means - everything is cutdown along a path possibly hectares inlength and size. According to Gourlay,clear cutting has united many environmentalists and BC townspeople with thenative people. Judging from past experience they feel thatclearcuttingofmassive

In defence ofDigital Audioscheme.

Data encoding for the CD format hasan efficiency of 3 4 (ie. 3 data symbols 4symbols of data plus error-correctioninformation). Error-correction and paritywords along with the interleaving ofrecorded data comprise the Cro s-Interleave Reed-Solomon Code (eIRe)system and ensures sufficient redundancyin the data for complete correction ofburst errors up to 4000 bits (2.Smm) on thedisc. The amount of redundant information encoded in the CD format allowsfor a substantial amount of correctioncapability but it is still up to themanufacturer :l > to how this informationis used-some CD players perform betterthan others.

applied the resulting signal will appearoverly bright. In general, the root of theproblem lies in old microphone techniques and new philosophies are requiredto go with the digital medium.In conclusion, the advent of digitalaudio and the compact disc has given theworld an exciting medium that willprovide pure, perfect sound forever . Soget yourself a CD player, relax, enjoy andthen start worrying about the rest of yoursystem. Paul D. BaumanAudio ResearchGroup, Dept. ofPhysics

1) Digital Audio , Collected Papersfrom the Audio Eng. Soc. PremiereConferenc, Rye, New York, June 19822) Digital Audio Technology , Nakajima, Doi, Fukuda, Iga of SonyCorporation, TAB Books Inc.,# 1451

rtt HALL if,

: .- . ::

JULY 1985

trees on Meares will lead to extensive soilerosion, destruction of salmon streams,and possibly the contamination of thewater supply of the native village ofTofino. They are also concerned thatlogged areas will not be reforested.Gourlay said, 12 million clear cut areas,an area exceeding the size of Holland havenot been reforested to date. Environmentalists have joined with the nativepeople to form Friends of ClayoquotSound which is proving to be aformidable lobby against logging onMeares.

Macmillan Bloedal claims thatjobsandrevenue will be lost if logging does notbegin soon on Meares Island. But it is thegovernment that may stand to lose themost in the Meares controversy. If thelogging license for Meares is revoked, thegovernment may have to pay millions ofdollars in compensation to MacmillanBloedal. However the government alsostands to lose many votes and manytourist dollars if the logging goes ahead. Arecent private poll taken by MacmillanBloedal reveals that 73% of BC residentsagree that no logging should occur onMeares until the native land claims issueisresolved. It would appear that publicopposition to clear cutting is growing andthat Meares Island may prove to be thecornerstone for many important issues.According to Gourlay, as public opposition mounts what becomes increasinglyclear is that we need in Canada a full scalepublic review of Canada's forest practices , something that has been lacking formany years.

For further information on MearesIsland or other contemporary environmental or social justice issues visit theWPIRG resource centre in the CampusCentre, Rm. 217 or call 884-9020. Watchfor the posters advertising the nextWPIRG education event on the StrategicDefense Initiative (SOS) later in JUly.

//., . 0

0o :.

.,,.

fone now accepts that digital audio canwork well in theory, why do peoplecomplain about '''the digital sound inpractice? This problem is generallya resultof the sound engineer's use of analoguerecording techniques for an unforgivingdigital medium, not the medium itself.With analogue equipment, the engineerhad to compensate for high-frequencysignal degrations as the music passedthrough numerous mixdown stages. Withdigital audio there is no degradation inmixdown and i the old techniques are

3) Resolution Below the Least Significant Bit in Digital Systems withDither , Vanderkooy and Lipshitz, J.Audio Eng. Soc., Vol. 32, No.3,March 1984 ~ ~ t o


11/12

JULY 1985 IRON W RRIOR

R SULTS O NGIN RING WEEKTracey Renaud

Tradition ally, Engineering Week has held a special place in the heans of all the trueand fine athle tes in the facuJry of engineeringat Waterloo. This term in particularwill bememorable. Not only were these sportive individuals and teams asked to perform totheir maximum athletic potential but they were equally challenged to pass theirmidterms in the midst ofthese highly competitive events. The tumoutfor the majority ofthe events was quite high and the engineers of Waterloo have certainly proven theironecommon denominator: enjoying a good time and of course getting their prioritiesstraigh t (first we'l boatrace, then we'll study for the midterm tomorrow ).

The following is a list .of all events and results from Engineering Week (June 13ththrough 23rd).P.S. Porches, BMWs and Saabs are restricted to enter into this term scar rally. Thisrule will be followed in order to keep up our image and form the proper traditionsnecessary to keep our school in line and achieve the real Water loo University.

Banner Competition:1st 2B Chern2nd IB Mech3rd 2B MechWrist WrestJjng (less than/equal to 140)1st

(less than/equal to 140)1st Matt Manzella 4A Mech2nd T. Iwamoto IB EE3rd E. Nasato 3A CH1st2nd3rdFrisbee Golf:

1st2nd3rd

(180 plus)K. Beck IB MEA. Von Hurst IB MET. Gep4A EE(Men)

Scott Hardy I B MEJohn MacKinn on 3A Civ.Brian Gemon 3A M .Havenger Scunt:Chernanches 4A Ch.)

Mass ChemfusionArmecheddonMechey Mouse Club

141-160 6 180Rob McNeil 4A ME Keith Short 4A EERob Klassen 3A CH Jerry Nantais IB MERay Kirtz 4A Civ J. Kee 2B CH

(Women's)H. Tyler 4A Ch.L. Hoeve 4A CH

1st2nd3rdEnergeneric (3A EE)Knights of Chemalot 3A Ch.)

Auto Slalom:1st2nd3rd

(Men's)Andrew Lane 2B Me.Oliver Peart 2B Me.Martin Streich 4A Ch.

(Women's)Nives Stanfeln 2B Ch.Lisa Lawler 2B Ch.

Tug-o-War (Women's)1st Chemanches 4A Ch)2nd Design Interventio n I B Sys)3rd Sys Pistolettes 3A SO)

Boat Racing: (Men's)

(Men's)Armechgeddon (I B Me)G-Illogical (2B Geo)Mission Impocivil(lB Civ.)

(Women's)1st 3B Dance 4A Mech)2nd Kngts. of Chemalot 3A Ch)

Ladies of the Knight 3A Chern)Chemanches I (4A Chern)3rd Superflux 4A EE)6-Leg Race:1st2nd3rd

Design Intervention (1 B SO)Knights of Chemalot 3A Chern)Knights of Chemalot 3A Chern)Flintstones Trivia:1st Sys Pistols 3A SO)2nd Electrocutioneers (2B EE)3rd Knights of Chemalot 3A Chem)Pentathlon:Tied forFirst:3rd

P. Slobodnik (3A Chern)D. Gibson (2B EE)B. Daly 3A EE)

Mummy Wrap:1st Knights of Chemalot (3A Ch.)2nd Armecheddon (IB Me)3rd Chemanches (4A Ch.)Mini-Putt Classic:1 t Kevin Budd 2B Me.2nd Arnold E traville 2B Me.3rd Frank Farkes 2B EECave Cookie Contest:1st George Freidrich 4A Ch.2nd Karen Latorre 4A Me3rd Greg Dalton 1B MeEuchre:1 t2nd3rdChariot Race:

Tom Sun Alvin Sun 3A SOOliver Peart Malcolm Ro1l2B MeSteve Welds Karen Spears3A SO

1st Nemesys (3A SO)2nd Knights of Chemalot (3A Ch.)3rd Feelix (4A Civ)Grape Toss:1st2nd3rd

Jamie Britton Greg Rae 3A MEStevo Eric Fletcher 3A EEBruce D. Andrew W. 3A EEProf Trike Race1st 3A Chern2nd 4A Chem3rd 3A EERaft Race:1st 3B DanceBasketball Tourney:

3rdVolleyball:1 t2nd3rdEgg Toss:1st2nd3rd

Mission Imposscivl' (lB elv)Design Intervention (I BSO)Fcclix (4A Civ.)Civil Whore (JA CIVChern Waste (I B C 1l Ill)

IBMcch Armccheddon2B Chern Mess Chemfusion3A Chcm Knight of Chemalot

Go-Cart Grand Prix:1st Dan Hiltz 3A Civ2nd Steve Walkington 3A SD3rd Paul Wilson 3A MeWindsurfing Regatta:1st Bart BoeJryk 2B Mech2nd Peter Pfingst 2B Mech3rd Carl Spiess IB Sys

The chariot ('ace: \Ion by Nemesys


12/12

2 RON W RRIOR ULY 985

lUELcornE

iron warrior: volume 6, issue 5

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