INDIAN SATELLITE SYSTEM- IRNSS

SUBMITTED BY-RAKESH KUMAR SINGH1405420073EE-32

SUBMITTED TO-MRS. MRINALINI

SRIVASTAV

History of Satellites :

First satellite that was used for communication purpose in INDIA was -ARYABHATTA (19 April 1975)

The first geostationary communication satellite -SYNCOM 3(19 Aug 1963).

Father of geostationary communication satellite is

-HAROLD ROSEN (Aircraft

engineer)

The world's first artificial satellite is the Sputnik 1was launched in 1957

RANGE COVERAGE

•Range coverage-1500-2000 km from border

•Orbital hight-36000km

COMPONENTS OF SATELLITE

COUNTRIES WHO HAVE THEIR OWN GPS

IRNSS CONFIGURATION

How Satellites Work :I. A Earth Station sends

message in GHz range (Uplink).

II. Satellite Receive and retransmit signals back. (Downlink)

III. Difference between Downlink and Uplink frequency is

2 GHz.

TYPES OF ORBITSLow-Earth-Orbit (LEOs)

Medium-Earth-Orbit (MEOs)

Geostationary (GEOs)

Low-Earth-Orbit (LEO)Altitude (600-1000

KM) satellite gives it a

better signal strength

Advantages: Reduces

transmission delay

Disadvantages: Smaller coverage

area.Shorter life span (5-

8 yrs.)

Middle-Earth-Orbiting (MEO)

MEOs orbits between the altitudes of 8,000 - 20,000 km above the earth.MEO satellites have a larger coverage.These orbits are primarily reserved for communications satellites that cover the North and South Pole.

MEOs are placed in an elliptical (oval-shaped) orbit.

Geosynchronous-Earth-Orbit (GEO)

From the ground level the satellite appears fixed.

GEO satellites have a 24 hour view of a particular area.

Coverage to 40% of area Of planet by this satellite

How do satellites stay in orbit?

Satellites stay in orbit due to the balance of two factors:

i. Velocity andii. Gravitational pull

between the Earth and the satellite.

  Satellites never fall into the Earth this because Earth is round and curves.

Applications of IRNSS:- Terrestrial, Aerial and Marine Navigation.

- Disaster Management

- Vehicle tracking and fleet management.

Integration with mobile phones.

Precise Timing

-Mapping and Geodetic data capture

-Visual and voice navigation for drivers

CONCLUCION Satellites remain the best utilization used for COMMUNICATION AND OTHER SECTOR due to their speed and other advantages mentioned in this presentation.

THANK YOU