introductory to the history of dorchester county
TRANSCRIPT
List Of Illustrations .
BAPTIST M I S SION CHURCH
BETHE 'L AFRICAN ,M . E . CHURCH
CAMBR IDGE H IGH . SCHOOL
CARROLL TOMBS
COAT S-OF-ARM S
GOLDSBOROUGH -HENRY
DORSE‘Y WYVILL HOU SE
LE E MANSION ( Co lonial )
6 L I ST OF ILLUSTRATI ON S
MARY RE FUGE OF S INNE RSMASONIC HALLOLD COUNTY GAOL (Co lon ial )
OLD WINDMILL
Ox TEAM IN TOWNOYSTE R PLANTINGST . PAUL’
S M . P . CHURCH
TRIN ITY P . E . CHURCH
WARWICK FORT MANOR H OU SE (Colon ial )W ILLIAMSBURG M . E . CHURCH
WOOLFORD HOME (Co lon ial )
Z ION M . E . CHURCH
INTRODUCTORY TOTHE HISTORY OF
DORCHESTER COUNTY.
As h istory is. but the record of past even ts, dependen t on
some pr imary cause,so we find the or igin of Dor chester
Coun ty and its ear ly developmen t to be what the founders
and ear ly set t lers of Maryland made i t . Therefore, to Show
the re lat ion of the county to the province, under the influ
ence of its makers, and to invi te a deeper in terest in our
an cestors of co lon ial t imes, a br ief Sket ch is here first given
of the Calvert jami ly, the Lord Propr ietar ies of Mary land,the charter pr ivi leges gran ted Lord Bal t imore by the King
of England, the ru les and laws from t ime to. t ime procllaimed
by the Propr ie tar ies, Governors and Counci l , e i ther with or
withou t approva l of the Assembl ies, and o ther even ts that
shaped the course and progress of the co lony that led to the
format ion of Dorchester Coun ty . Readers fam i l iar with
Maryland h istory may omi t th is chapter .
P R E FA C E
This fragmentary co l lect ion of lo ca l h istory and biography is
only a gl impse at the interesting events occurr ing in Dorchester
County from its o r ig in , two hundred and th irty -three years ago ,
to the present day . In compi l ing th is loca l record, references to
State events and people have been frequently made in order to
explain the cause and effect of local acts which have had their
influences in coun ty affa irs . Espec ial ly has it been the purpose
to note the names of the promoters of the county as wel l as to
ment ion the ir deeds .
In this fast age of book and newspaper l iterature when every
inmate of the Amer ican home must da i ly read the current h is
tory of the wor ld as it transpires, there is no reasonable excuse
why a history of Dorchester County Shou ld not be publ ished .
It has been the des ire of the author to give a truthfu l narration
of the events treated, and whi le the diction may not be all that
cou ld be des ired, it is set forth as an earnest effort, to which the
reader is asked to bestow that indulgence wh ich the work mer its .
If due credit has not been g iven, either by reference or quotation,
for any language used in this book, it is an act of un intentiona l
om iss ion .
It is a pleasure to insert a l ist o f references and names of per
sons to Whom the autho r i s indebted fo r aid and information in
I O PREFACE
compi l ing this work, and much gratitude is due to l ibrarians and
court officers for the l iberty of access to the books and records
in their keeping.
Ow ing to the loss or destruct ion of some of the provinc ial
records of Maryland and the County Court records of Dorchester
County, a complete l ist of the Counc i l and Assembly Delegates,
Court Justices and Sheriffs of that per iod cou ld not be Obtained
for publ icat ion .
B a l i z’
more, December , 1902 .
SOURCES AND REFERENCES FROMWHICHTHEHISTORYOF DORCHESTER COUNTY
HAS BEENCOMPILED.
CONTR IBUTORS .
Mrs . H ester Dorsey R i chardson .
Miss P ink Jacobs .
Mrs . Dr . G . L . Hicks and fam i ly .
Levin Straughn .
Hon . J as . S . Shepherd .
Mr . R i chard P . Lake.
Mr . James Wa l lace .
Hon . Robert G . H en ry, M . Wor th ington Go lds-borough,Col . Wm . S . Muse, Char les Lake, Hon . W . F . App legarth,
Hon . Ph i l . L . Go-ld sborough, Wm . C . Anderson ,John W .
F let cher, John G . Mil ls, J as. H . C . Bar ret t,Alfred R . Steuart,Fran cis. P . Co rkran ,
Jasper N i co ls, Enoch Lowe, E sq . ,Dr .
H . F . N i co ls, John E . Harrington , J as . W . Craig, Dr . James
L . B ryan,Dr . Thomas H . YVi ll iam-
s, Dr . B . W . Goldsborough,
Hon . C lement Su livane, Wil l iam F . D ra in,Rev.
Dr. W . L . McDow ell, John T'
. Moo re, Jeremiah P . Hooper,
Char les M . Davis, Milton G . Harpe r, James Todd, Mrs .
Fann ie Mister,Mi ss May Stevens,Wm . M . Mar ine .
George W . McCre-ary,Librar ian Maryland Histo ri cal
Soc iety .
FROM PUB L IC RE CO RD S — Maryland Histori cal So ciety,Maryland State Library , Maryland Land Record O ffice,Enoch Prat t Free Library, Ba l t imore ; Peabody Library,
12 SOURCE S AND REFERENCE S
Bal t imore ; Dorchester Coun ty C ircu i t Court Records, Dor
chester Coun ty O rphans’ Court Records, Dor chester Coun ty
Register of Wil ls’ Rec ords, Dorchester Coun ty Comm iss ion
ers’ Records, Un i ted States Treasury D epartmen t .
NEWSPAP E Rs .
—Mai'
yland Gaz ette, Annapo l is ; Baltimore
Amer ican and Commercial Adverti ser, Federal Republ ican , Bal
t imo re ; Republican and S tar, Easton ; Democrat and News,
Cambr idge ; Dorchester E ra,Cambr i dge ; Dorchester S tandard,
Cambr i dge ; Cambridge Chron icle, Cambr i dge ; The Dai lyBanner, Cambr idge.
BOOK S CON SULTE D FOR INFORMAT ION — Bozman ’
s H is
tory of Maryland, Scharf’
s History of Maryland, B rowne’
s
History of Ma ryland,Hanson
’
s History of Ken t,Arch ives of
Maryland, publ ished and unpubl ished ; Senate and House
Journals of Marylan d, Kilty’
s Landho lders’ Assistant,Makers
of M ethod i sm,Freeborn Garrettson
’
s Journals, Fran c is As
bury’s Journal, Boehm’
s Rem in iscen ces,F irst Eastern Sho re
o f Maryland Regimen t H istory, by Wi lmer ; Indian Tr ibes o f
the Un i ted States, by Drake ; Chron i c les of Colon ial Maryland, by James W . Thomas.
N I .
Introductory to the History of Dorchester C ounty .
CHAPTE R I .
THE CALVE RT FAM ILY—THE LORDS PRO P RIE TARI E S— MOTIVE S FOR FOUNDINC A COLONY BY GE ORGE CALVE RT ,
THE FIRST LORD BALTIMORE -“ H I S
NEWFOUNDLAND COLONY A FAILURE— H I S E FFORT S IN AME RICA— THE
LO S S OF H I S FAM ILY AT SEA— THE PRE PARATION OF THE MARYLANDCHARTE R— CHARTE R RI GHTS OF THE PRO P RIE TARY .
George Ca lvert , the first Lord Ba l t imore, was the son of
,
Leonard Ca lver t and his wife, Ali ce Croxal l, a cu l t ivated Y]F lem i sh yeomanry peop le, and was born at Kipl ing, inYorksh ire
,northern part of England . When on ly e leven
years of age he en tered Tr in i ty Co l lege, Oxford , in 1593 , and
in four years became Bachelo r of Arts . Soon after leavingcol lege he marr ied Anne, daughter of George Mynne , and
became the c lerk of S ir Robert Ceci l, Ear l of Sa l isbury .
Wh i le in that capac i ty he at tracted the no t i ce o f King James,
who visi ted the Un ivers i ty of Oxfor d in 160 5 , when youngCa lvert was given the degree of Master of Arts .
” By royalinfluence he was. made C lerk of the Pr ivy Coun c i l in 16 1 1
an d in 1617 was sworn in as one o f the Secretar ies of State,and then kn ighted . For h is. valuable servi ces to the governmen t he was long a. favor i te of King James, though annoyedby the Duke of Buckingham and other j ea lous ri va ls at
Court . In 16 13 he was a member of Par l iamen t from Corn
wa l l ; in 162 1 for York, and in 1624 for Oxford .
August 3 , 162 2 , his w i fe d ied in ch i l dbirth . Ten ch i ldren
surv ived her . The ir ch i ldren w ere :
Cec i l ius, the e ldest,successor to the t i t le .
Leonard,Keeper of the Rol ls o f Connaught from 162 1 to
1626 ; captain of a pr ivatee r o ff the coast of Newfoundland
I 4 I NTRODUCTORY H ISTORY
in 1629 ; Governor of Maryland from 1634 to the year of h is
death at St . Mary’s, June 9, 1647 ; was n ever marr ied .
George came to Maryland with Leonard ; set t led in Virgin ia
, and died in 1667 .
Francis, died in you th .
Hen ry, there is no publ ished recor d .
Anne, marr ied Wi l l iam Peasley and l ived in London .
Do ro thy, no record .
Elizabe th, no record .
Grace, marr ied S ir Robert Talbo t t, Ki ldare, Ire land .
H e len ,no record .
John , d ied in you th .
Ph i l ip Ca lvert, by his second wife ( P) , was Governor of
Maryland .
Abou t th is t ime Lor d Bal t imore became in terested in co l
on iz atio-n, and was made a member of the Virgin ia Companymd the New England Company, and was gran ted the terr itry of Newfound land on March 30 ,
162 3 , wh i ch was incor
porated in to a province ca l led Ava lon . B efore the pa ten twas gran ted he had organ i zed a l i t t le co lony there in 162 0 .
In 1624 he was made Baron of Bal t imor e by King James,
and gran ted in fee: 2 0 34 acres of arable land and 160 5 acresof bo-g and woo dland in LO-ngford County, Ireland . Verysoon after the receipt of these grea t honors, Lord Bal t imor e
fai led in heal th and lost favor with] the King, who was a lsoverv i l l at that t ime . He proposed to: resign , and , in six
weeks before King James d ied, sold the Secretaryship to S ir
Albe rt Mor ton for six thou sand pounds ster l ing, After thed eath.of King Jame s, Lord Bal t imore was rece ived wi th] favor
by the new King Charles I . , who ass isted him with governmen t vesse ls to take a co lon y to Newfound land . One of the
vessels was. the“Ark of Ava lon ,
” wh ich. later , with the“Dove,
” brought the first co lon ists to Maryland .
The ear l iest accoun ts of ma n’
s or i gin and his habits of
abode on. the earth Show him to» have been then, as now, a
creature natural ly in c l ined to extend his jurisdict ion over
wide domains of lan d . H ence, Lord Bal t imore’
s ambit ion
TH E CALVERT FAM ILY I S
was to ru le over a kingdom,be i t Newfoundland or Mary
land . O thers say the pr imary purpose of Lord Ba l t imore
was to found a co lony in Ame r i ca wi th in a province wh ichhad bee-n prom ised to him by Char les I . un der spec ia l chartered r ights, that he might offer h is
“Catho l i c fr iends a home
where they cou l d enjoy the pr ivi leges of rel igiou s l iberty of
conscien ce free and undisturbed from roya l decrees and per
secuting laws .
”
“Though Lord Ba l t imore was a h igh ly honor ed man by
the King of England,and an influen t ial leader in publ ic
affairs and amon g men , yet he was the vi ct im. of ser ious misfor tunes . F irst was his cost ly effor t in plan t ing a co lony inNewfoundland . Th is oolony was abando ned by Lord Balt imore because of the sever i ty of the c l ima te . I t had costhim thirty thou sand pounds. In 1629, a fter having l ived on ewin ter in Newfou nd land , where he and his fam i ly were mu chof the t ime s i ck, he abandoned his home to fishermen , sen t a
par t of his fam i ly to. England, and sai led wi th his wife, some
ch i ldren and servan ts to the colony o f Virgini a, to look inthat pa rt of Amer i ca for a bet ter place to lo cate a new co lony .
Whi le in Virgin ia he was unkindly treated and urged totake the oa ths of
“al legian ce and supremac y,
” wh i ch he re
fused, and was obl iged to leave the co lon y . For some un
known cause he left his fami ly and personal property ther e .
After his arr ival in England , he pet i t ioned the King to have
his fam i ly brought home, wh i ch was first refused , but in 163 1
his wife, several ch i ldren and servan ts, with much va luable
person al property, were pe rm i tted to embark on a vessel, the“St . Cloude,
”for England . Th is vesse l and al l on board were
lost at sea on the homeward voyage . After the loss of h is
secon d wife and ch i l dren» by this disaster , in a letter o f con
do len ce wr i tten to the Ear l of Staffor d , he refers to his own
m isfor tunes thus : “There are few , perhaps , can judge of i t
better than I , who have been a long time mysel f a man of
sor rows. But all th ings, my Lor d, in th is wor ld pass away ;statum est, wife, ch i ldren ,
honor,wea l th, fr iends, and wha t
else is dear to flesh and blood . They are bu t lent to us t i l l
I6 I NTRODUCTORY H ISTORY
God pleases to cal l for them back aga in,that we may not
esteem anyth ing ou r own, or set our hearts upon anyth ing
but H im a lone,who on ly rema in-
s for ever .
”
After Lord Bal t imore had obtain ed con sen t from KingChar les I . to set t le a co lony in Amer ica, adjacen t to Virgin ia,
he prepared the paten t with h is own . hands in the Lat in language ; but befor e i t rece ived the royal S ignature he diedApr i l 1 5 , 1632 ,
in the fifty—th ird year of h is age, at Linco ln
’
s
Inn F ie lds ,in London ,
and was bur ied in Sain t Dunstan’
s
Church,F leet Street , London ,
In the char ter Lord Ba l t imore had named the terr i toryto be granted “Cres c en t ia
,but when i t was passed to his
son ,Cec i l ius Calvert
,the t i t le name of the provin ce was
changed, by order of King Char les,to
“Maryland .
”in honor
o f h is wife, Queen H enr iet ta Mar ia, daughter of King Hen rv
IV . o f Fran ce .
The plans lai d ou t by Lord Ba l t imor e fo r plan ting a colonyat h is expense, where he expe c ted to su pr eme ly govern ,
and
where his fr iends and others hoped to en j oy civi l and re l igiou sl iberty , were su cces sfu l ly started in operat ion by h is eldestson , Cec i l ius (bapt i zed Cec i l) Ca lvert , bu t he and his suc
cesso rs o f the Lords Ba l t imor e met many disturbing pol i t i calfactors wh i le trying to govern their province . Cec i l iu s
Calvert inher i ted h is father’s estates, baron ia l honors and
t i t les, and thus became the secJond Lor d Baron o f Bal t imore
in the Kingdom of I re land .
The prov i n c ia l charter, in tended for h is father, prompt ly
passed the Great Seal , and was given the son , June 2 0 ,163 2 ,
two mon ths and five: days after the death o f Lor d Ba l t imor e
the first .
Cec i l ius Calvert inher i ted but l i t t le fortune from. his father ,George— Lo rd Bal t imore— except t i t les of hon or and un
profi table land estates . What revenues he cou ld ra ise we respen t towards the suppor t of his in fan t co lony in Mary land,wh i ch requ ired aid for deve lopment befor e i t brought revenues in return . He mar r ied the d ‘
augher of Ear l Aru-ndel,
and resi ded wi th h is father- in- law, who was r i ch in an cestra l
CHARTER RIGHTS OF PROPRI ETAR Y I 7
assoc iat ions, but poor in l iving resou rces . When eightyyears old , in 1638, he wrote to the King of England : “Mon
eys I have non e ; no,not to pay the in terest of the debts.
My plate is placed at pawn . My son Ba l t imore is broughtso low with his set t ing forward the plan tat ion of Maryland, and with the c laims and oppo si t ions whi ch he has met
with,that I d o not see how he cou l d subsis t i f I d id not give
him diet for himse l f,wife and ch i ldren .
”
CHARTER RIGHTS OF PROPRIETARY .
(S charf’s H i story . )
In condensed form the Charter of Maryland invested the
Propr ietary with the fol lowing r ightsTE RR ITOR IAL — All the land and water with in the boun
daries of the provin ce, and islands with in ten marine leagues
of the shor e, with m ines and fisher ies, in perpetual po ssession
to h imsel f and his heirs.
LE G I SLAT IVE — The r igh t to make all laws publ i c or
pr ivate, with the assen t of the freemen of the provin ce ; and
ordinances (not impa i ri ng l i fe, l imb or property) , withou ttheir assen t .JUD IC IAL .
—To estab l ish cou rts of just i ce of var iou s kinds,and appo in t all judges, magistrates and civi l officers ; also
to exec ute the laws even to the exten t of taking li fe.
RE GAL .
—TO con fer t i t les and dign i t ies ; to er ect towns,boroughs and c it ies ; and to make por ts of entry and depar
ture"
; a lso to pardon all offences .
ECCLE S IA ST ICAL .
— To erect and found churches and
chape ls, and cause them to be con secrated according to the
ecclesiast ical laws of England ; and to have the patron age and
advowso-ns thereo f .MIL ITARY — TO cal l out and arm the who le fight ing
popu lat ion ,wage war, take
"
prisoners, and S lay a l ien enemies ;also to exercise m art ia l law in case of insurrection .
F I NANC IAL — TO al ienate, se l l o r rent land ; to levy dut ies
and to-i ls on Sh ips and merchand ise.
2
18 INTRODUCTORY H ISTORY
THE PE O PLE ’S R I GHT S — The charter gave all set t lers in
the co lon y of England the pr iv i lege to remain Engl ish sub
jects. To inher i t, purchase or own land or o ther property ;free trade with England ; to he lp make the laws for the province, and not be taxed by the crown .
‘
The propr ietary had
almost kingly control , and the people very restr i cted pr iv ileges, yet under the Ca lverts
’
ru le civi l and re l igiou s l ibertywas secure-d and enjoyed by the peop le for fi fty years
O f George Ca lvert, the first Lord Ba l t imore, Ban croftsays : “
He dese rves to be ranked among the most wise and
benevo lent lawgivers of all ages. He was the first in the history of the Christ ian wor ld to seek for re l igious secur i ty and
peace by the pract i ce of jus t i ce, and not by the exerc ise of
power . The op in ion of B radley T . Johnson , au thor of“The Fou ndat ion of Maryland, showing Lord Bal t imo re
’
s
purpose of plan t ing the co lony of Maryland, much dese rves.
recogn i t ion, and is here part ly quoted :“Instead then of the
foundat ions of Maryland having been laid on a po l i cy o f co lon iz ation and ma teria l d eveIOplment, or as the con sequen cesof rel i gious movemen t in England, or as the resu l t of theteach ings and pract i ces of the Roman Cathol i c Church, thel i ght now shed upon the con temporaneous actors, the irmot ives and their acts, enab les us to see that Lord Bal t imore
from the very in i t iat ion of his. en terprise del iberate ly, ma
turely and wisely, upon con su l tat ion and advi ce, determ inedto devo te his l i fe and for tune to the work of found ing a freeEnglish State, with its inst i tut ions deeply planted upon the
anci ent cus toms, r ights and safeguards o f free Engl ishmen ,
and wh i ch shou ld be a san ctuary for all Chr ist ian people forever.
” “Th is pu rpose wisel y con ce ived, maturely con
sid ered , and bravely pe rsisted in ,through all obstacles, ex
plains everyth ing that has here to for e appe ared ambiguou s inthe career of Lord Bal t imore .
”
The mot ives that influenced George Ca lver t to found a
co lony were l ibera l ly en larged or mod ified by his son and
successors to meet the po l i t i ca l pol i c ies made by nat ionalchanges in the government of England .
20 INTRODUCTORY H ISTORY
ful r ivers that curve and twine in land toward de l ight fu l lo cat ions for towns and rural hom es, we, the generat ion s of to
d ay, in“Maryland, My Maryland,
” ch iefly owe our happydest iny .
Much of in terest took place in the l i tt le co lony foundedat St . Mary’s in the course of the even ts by wh i ch i t grew in
popu lat ion and expanded in bounds that requ ired subd ivi
s ion in to count ies and county organ i zat ions be tween 1634
and 1669 (to Show the plan o f governmen t and steps for ad
van cemen t) , to that per iod when Dorchester Coun ty waserected . In recen t years the Maryland H istor i cal So c ie ty,through many of its d ist ingu ishe d members, by their thorou gh inves t igat ion and exam inat ion of old co lon ial recordsand pape rs
— the Mary land Arch ives and offic ia l do cumen tsin the Co lon ia l Record Office in London, and from. the Cal
vert papers, pu rchased in England— has co l lect ed and pub
lished an invaluab le fund of Maryland provin cial h istory,h i therto. undiscovered, and new to the present generat ion of
Marylanders .
CHAPTER I I I .
FIRST COLONIAL ASSEMBLIE S— CODE OF LAWS—THE PROPRIETARY ’S P RE‘
ROGATIVE S— SEPARATION OF THE AS SEMBLY INTO TWO LE GI SLATIVEBODI E S—POWE RS OF THE COUNCIL—FIRST DI STURB ING FACTOR , CLAI
BORNE OF KENT, RICHARD INGLE , THE NEXT TO INTE RFE RE— HI S ALLIANCE WITH CLAIBORNE—“ SE IZURE OF ST . MARY ’S—FLI GHT OF GOVE RNORCALVE RT TO VI RGINIA— HI S RETURN AND RE -CA PTURE OF ST . MARY ’S— DEATH OF GOVE RNOR CALVE RT IN 1647—APPOINTMENT OF W ILLIAMSTONE , GOVE RNOR , E TC .
On the 2 6th of February,163 5 , the first legislat ive body
of the co lon y met in a log fort at St . Mary’s . Th is for t wastheir State House. O f the proceed ings of th is Assemblythere is no record, and on ly known of by subsequent referen ce to Acts then passed and veto-ed by Lord Ba l t imore on
Apr i l 15 , 1637, when he gran ted power to Governor Calvertto cal l an assembly of freem en . In that year Lord Bal t imo re prepared a code of laws for the governmen t of the col
ony, to secure the l ibert ies of the people, and to provide forGeneral Assembl ies of all freemen
, who m ight pass necessarylaws to pro tect them-se lves in c ivi l and po l i t i cal r ights . Th iscode of laws was brought over from England by John Lew
ger . After his arr iva l in the prov ince, Governor Ca lvertsummone d all the freemen to meet in genera l assemb ly at
St . Mary’s, November 28, 1637 . There were but n inetyof them out of abou t two hundred and twen ty co lon ists .
(This shows that a major i ty of the co lon ists were servan ts,ch iefly he ld to pay for the cost of their transpor tat ion into
the prov in ce .) Three Jesu i t pr iests, Fathers Andrew Wh i te,John Altham and Thomas Copley , were summoned, and
Robert C lark appeared for them and excused the ir absence
by reason of si ckness . (Sin ce that t ime no pr iest or c lergyman has ever sat as a member in any Mary land Assembly .
The Con st i tu t ion o f the State, since then adopted, has al
ways made all m in isters and preachers of the gospe l inel igib le
2 2 I NTRODUCTORY H ISTORY
as represen tat ives in the Genera l Assembly, an exclusion thatdoes no t exist in any o ther State.)In the first Assembl ies the De legates spe c ial ly summoned
by the Governor, Burgesses elected by the freemen, and
freemen who» had not consen ted to an elect ion , sat in the same
room with the Governo r and his Coun ci l ; but by a requesto f the Burgesses, in 1649, they and the Coun c i l sat in sepa
rate apa rtmen ts,and in 1650 two houses were formal ly
organ i zed .
The Proprie tary general ly chose the members of the UpperHouse for his. Cou n c i l in the provin ce, but with execu t ive
prerogat ives, the Governor somet imes selected men of knownabi l i ty and good repu tat ion to form a part of the Coun ci l .The Governor and Cou n ci l formed the Upper Hou se of As
sembly . Th e Governor appo in ted the c ivi l and m i l i taryofficers for the provin ce, with consen t of the Propr ietary .
Coun ty courts wer e establ ished by the appo in tmen t of Commissioners for the coun t ies ; an d , usual ly, one of the Gov
ernor’
s Counc i l was named to presi de at court s i t t ings.
Th e Governor cou ld ca l l or pro rogue Provinqial Assembl ies at pleasure. For the passage of laws made by the LowerHou se i t requ ired the con curren ce of the Upper House and
approval by the Lord Propr ietary . The Coun ci l or UpperHouse had l imi ted legislat ive powers of its own . Th e charter gave the Propr ietary
’
s represen tat ives the r ight to pass
ord inances that wou ld not affect the l i fe, l ibe rty or proper tyof the freemen withou t the assen t of the Assembly . Theyhad power to lay out coun t ies and hundreds, establ ish
publ i c offices and to con fer c ivi l l ibe rty o-n al iens. Th ey a lsoforme d the Provincial Court or Cour t of Appeal s, exctept
when the Propr ietary Governmen t was depr ived of con tro lby host i le invasion or revolu t ion .
The code of laws prepared by Lord Bal t imore for the
governmen t of the co lon y, and brought over by John
Lewger, was at first rej ected by the Assembly of freemen ,
who had been summoned by Governor Calvert in 1638, N .
S .,by order of the Propr ietary, but were fina l ly adopted in
W ILLIAM CLAIBORNE 2 3
reconstructed form . The first act of th is people’
s Leg islature was an Act for establ ish ing the Hou se of Assembly,
”
and the laws to be made there in . I t provided that the Burgesses be e lected by the freemen who con sent to the e lect ion ,
and the gent lemen summon ed by his Lordsh ip’
s spec ial wr i tShal l be ca l led the Hou se of Assembly . Th is Act was d esigned to be first the work of the freemen or the ir represen tatives, and afterwards to be confirme d by h is Lordsh ip. I twas passed the first day the Assembly me t, in 1639, February2 5 . From th is. Act we inheri ted ou r Hou se of Assemblywhose laws ou r Governors con firm or veto .
The first d isturbing factor of note in the co lon y was Will iam C laiborne, who had obtained l i cense in 163 1 from KingChar les to estab l ish a trading post on Ken t I sland, wh i chwas with in the l imi ts of Lord Bal t imore
’
s gran t, and c laime dby him. He offered C laiborne and his company of tradersthe pr ivi leg e to remain on the island and be come subj ects of
the Maryland co lon y . Th is. they re fuse-d , and at on ce con
spire-d with some Indian tr ibe s to destroy the new co lony,
but were unsuccessfu l . Then they be gan m i l i tary and navaloperat ions against the Propr ietary
’
s governmen t in the province. Prior to an at tack made by C la iborne
’
s adherents on
the colon ists in 163 5 , he fled t o Virgin ia, and from there wen tto England to: have his c laims to the island confirmed by theKing, wh i ch was decl ined, and also re fused by the Commission er s of P lan tat ion s. to whom the mat ter had been referredby the King for the ir consi derat ion . The ir dec ision agains this claim. was made Apr i l 4, 1638, be cause he had not be en.
gran ted plan tat ion pr ivi leges ; and also be cause Lord Bal t imore had been gran ted the terri tory o-f Crescen t ia” by theKing of England, unde r his private sea l, be for e C laiborne
’
s
l i cens e for Ken t had been issu ed . I t is thus shown thatC laiborne was not unjust ly depr ived of his terr i tory, but lost{
his persona l proper ty by confiscat ion under the usages of warfor mi l i tary resistan ce . From 1639 the co lony prosperedun t i l 1643 , when the Lord Pro'
pr ietary made some changesin adm in istrat ive offi cers of the Counci l, and con ferred more
24 I NTRODUCTOR Y H I STORY
author i ty on Governor Ca lvert, who in that year went toEngland to con fer with his brother on mat ters of in terest tothe provin cia l governmen t . He appo in ted Gi les Bren t,Commander of the Isle of Ken t, to be act ing Governor in h isabsen ce. Wh i le Governor Calvert was in England, one
Captain R i chard Ingle, with an armed crew on his vessel,traded abou t the province, in t imi dated and d isturbed the
inhabitan ts at severa l places. By order of Governor B ren t,Ingle was arrested and his vessel sei zed, but he was soon permitted to escape— possib ly in ten t iona l ly to avo id Protestantexc i temen t in the co lon y at that t ime. F i ct ion pi cturesIngle’
s arrest by order of Governor B rent, who with Counci llors Neale and Cornwaleys, secre t ly wat ched Sher iff Ellysonse i ze and bind him . Immed iate ly after h is arres t, a br ief counci l of the tr io dec ided to accompany the ir too much pr isonerto his vessel at on ce, whi ch they did ; placed him on boardand bade him depart from the province before the morn ing’sdawn .
“In 1644 Governor Ca lvert returned from England in
haste, in. September, after the defea t of the Royal ists in the
civi l war, on ly to find great d isorder in the provin ce. To
ad d to th is d isconten t, Lord Bal t imo re had commissionedfor the co lon y a Catho l ic Governor and Counc i l .”
In 1645 Captain Ingle, who had been gran ted let ters of
marque by Comm issioners of Par l iamen t , to prey on the
commerce of England,returned in an armed vessel , ai ded by
some disloyal co lon ists, surpr ised the guards at St . Mary’s,se i zed and carr ied away the records and Great Seal of the
province, and also a. number of Catho l i c co lon ists, pr ison ersto Virgin ia and England , including,
Father Wh i te . Gov
ernor Ca lvert fled to Virgin ia for protect ion from C laiborne,who took possession of the provin ce at an oppo r tune t ime
made by the help of Ingle . But in 1646 Governor Calvertreturned w i th an armed force of fri ends to Mary land, sur
pr ised the rebe ls,too k St. Mary’s, and reestabl ished his gov
ernment. Hardly had he a l layed the d isorder caused by Clai
borne’
s and Ingle’s invasion ,when on the n in th of June, 1647,
ACT OF RELIGIOUS TOLERATION 2 5
he sudden ly d ied . On his deathbed he nom inated Thomas
Greene to act as Governor after his decease . Greene’s ad
m in istrat ion was short and unsa t isfactory .
In . 1648, August 12 , Lord Bal t imore removed GovernorGreene and his Counci l from office, and appo in ted Wi l l iamSton e Governor— Pro testan t , from Nor thampton Coun ty ,Virgin ia . When he arr ived he brought S ix se tt lers, and had
prom ised Lor d Ba l t imore to br ing into the co lony five hundred . Probably the Pur i tans he had invited from V irgin ia,
who set t led at Providence, were of the five hundred . I fthen his friends, they later proved to be hi s dreadfu l foes.
Lord Bal t imore, at this t ime a paro led prisoner in Englandwatching the down fal l of the King and the r ise of Par l iamen t,knew he cou l d not sustain a Cathol i c governmen t in the
province, wise ly chose a Protestan t majori ty for the Gov
ernor’
s Coun ci l— namely, John Pr i ce, Tho-mas Hat ton and
Rober t Vaughn , Protestan ts, and Thomas Greene and JohnP i le Stone, Cathol i cs . He also prepared a new Great Sealfor the provin ce in the place of the on e sto len by Ing le and
never returned ; and a code of sixteen new laws, on e of wh i chwas the Act of Rel igious To lerat ion, on e of the best laws everenacted in Maryland . The passage of tho-
se‘
laws in 1649and assen ted to» by the Lord Propr ietary in 1650 was madethe basis of an agreemen t of reconci l iat ion and peace betwe en,the Protestan t and Catho l i c colon ists, but for a bri ef t ime
on ly . The c ivi l war in England, the capture'
and execu t ion
of King Char les I . soon cause d excit ing disturban ces between
the Proprietary governmen t and the Puri tan -Protestan tal l iance in the colon y that in sympathy suppor ted Parl iamen t .
CHAPTER IV .
REDUCTION OF CHE SAPEAKE BAY COLONI E S TO OBEDIENCE UNDE R THE COM
MONWEALTH'
-E FFORTS OF LORD BALTIMORE TO RE -E STABLI SH THE
PROPRIE TARY GOVE RNMENT—GOVE RNOR STONE ’
S MILITARY E FFORTS FOR
THE PROPRIETARY— HI S ATTACK ON THE PURITAN CAPITAL, DE FEAT AND
CAPTURE—CROMWELL COMMI SSIONE RS IN CONTROL UNTIL 1658
DI SCOURAGED BY LORD BALTIMORE ’
S INFLUENCE W ITH THE PROTE CTOR ,SURRENDE RED CONTROL IN THE PROV INCE—JOSIAH FENDALL APPOINTEDGOVE RNOR—USURPS AUTHORITY AND I S DI SMI S SED—CAPITALS OF MARYLAND .
In 165 1 an armed fleet sa i led from Lon-don by author i tyof Par l iamen t to reduce the Chesapeake Bay colon ies to
obedience under the “Commonweal th .
” O f the Comm issioners appo in ted to do th is work, Cap-t. W i l l iam C la iborneand R i chard B ennett, first visi ted V irgin ia, and made terms
wi th Governor Berke ley . The y arr ived in Mary land in
March, 1652 , and propo sed terms to Governor Stone, whod id not con sen t to the ir demands. They by pro c lamat ionassumed con trol and appo in ted a Board of Comm issioners,viz : Rober t B rooks, Co l . Franc is Yardley, J ob Chandler,R i chard Preston and Lieu tenan t R i chard Banks, for the government of the province, under the author i ty of Parl iamen t .Thus was Lord Ba l t imore depr ived of all his rights in the
province, whi qh he had ma in tained graciou sly W i th his weal thand exal ted execut ive abi l i ty . C laiborne and Bennet t thenreturned to Virgin ia, but in June came back to Maryland and
appo inted Captain Stone (late Governor Ston e) Governor ,and a new Counc i l for the province. The Lord Proprietaryd id not lon g subm i t to thi s wrong ; as soon as Cromwel l d isso lved Par l iam ent, in 1653 , and be came Lord P rotector of
England, he reestabl ished the Propr ietary governmen t in
1654 through Governor Stone, Who at tempted to defend theProprietary
’
s ri ghts,but throu gh persuasion by the Catho l i cs
28 I NTRODUCTORY H ISTORY
Lord Bal t imore arden t ly tr ied to keep the Proprie tary government organ i zed . He revoked Governor Stone’
s comm iss ion in 1656 and appo in ted Josiah Fendal l Governor, whowas arrest ed by a warran t from the prov in c ial cou rt and hel da prisoner in the name of the Protector for some t ime and
then re leased, when he sai led for Englan d . Abou t th is t ime
R i chard B ennet t, one of the Cromwel l Comm ission ers, hadgone to England to ask for greater recogn i t ion in govern ing
the province,wh i ch he fai led to get, but disco vered that LordBal t imore
’
s influen ce with the Protector was so great thathe decided with o thers there to secure the be st terms possibleby agreemen t with the Propr ietary, to surren der to him the ir
part of the dual governmen t in the provin ce. Terms wer eadjusted and an agreemen t made between the Propr ietaryand the Provincia l Comm issioners, wh i ch was brought toMaryland by Josiah Fenda l l, the Proprie tary
’
s newly ap
po inted Governor , who publ ished a proc lamat ion in 1658 at
St . Mary’s, cal l ing for a jo in t coun ci l of the two governmen tsto meet at St . Leonard’s
,on the Patuxen t, March 2 3 , 1658,
to arbitrate loca l d ifference s and rat i fy the agreemen t wh i chwas sat isfactor i ly adjusted . Then the provin cial recordswere del ivered“
to Ph i l ip Calvert, Secretary of the P ro-
prietary’s new Coun ci l,Fenda l l was insta l led Governor and a new
Assembly summoned to meet at St . Leonard’s on. Apr i l 2 7fo l lowing. Thus was the Pur i tan con tro l in the provincesurrendered and the Propr ietary fu l ly reestab l ished .
Governor Fendal l soon proved a trai tor to the Lord P ro
prietary . In March,1659, he tr ied to usurp the governmen t
,
by an al l iance with the Assembly wh i ch ret ired the Counci lfrom si t t ing as. a separate bo dy, and de legated power to the
Lower House to disso lve the Assembly . After reorgan i z ingthe Lower House ,
Fendal l surrendered the comm ission givenhim by Lord Ba l t imore and accepted a new one given by h isnew Assembly . His con tro l was br ief . When the Cromwel lgovernmen t gave way to the Stuarts and Char les I I . was pro
cla imed King in 1660 ,then Lord Bal t imore appo in ted h is
bro ther, Ph i l ip Calvert, Governor, who took fu l l contro l of
CAPITALS OF MAR YLAND 9
the province. Thus has i t be en shown that the Propr ietary
had been depr ived of govern ing his provin ce almost con
tinuously for near ly ten years .
CAP ITALS OF MARYLAND .
The capi tal of Maryland, firs-t establ ished at St . Mary’s in1634, was cont inued permanen t ly there unt i l temporari lymoved to Patuxent in 1654, when Commissioners Benne t tand C laiborne subj ected the co lon y to their con tro l for the“Commonwea l th . In 1659, after the restorat ion of the
P ropr ietarv in 1658, St . Mary’s was aga in made the capi ta lseat and so cont inued unt i l 1683 .
AS the colon y grew in popu lat ion , complain ts were madeabou t the in conven ien t locat ion o f the capi ta l to the Propr ietary, who, to sat isfy the people that l ived at a distan ce fromi t, yielded consen t for its removal to a place in Anne Arunde lca l led the “R i dge. On ly on e session of the Gen era l Assembly was he ld there . In conven ien t bu i ld ings and o ther causesled to its remova l to Bat t le Creek, on the Patuxen t , wherewas he ld a session of three days, an d then adjou rned to meetaga in at St . Mary’s . The Propr ie tary gave the peopl e o f
St . Mary’s a wr i t ten prom ise that the capi ta l“shou ld not
be removed aga in dur ing his l i fe. But, a las ! how fu t i le are
promises that canno t be fu lfi l led con tro l led by an un foreseendest iny . The fai lure of Lord Ba l t imore
’
s pr oclamation to reachthe province in due t ime to announ ce Wil l iam and Mary as
sovereigns, led to a revo lu t ion,in 1689,
by an organ i zat ionunder John Cood e, known as
“An asso cia t ion in Arms for the
defen ce of the Pro testan t re l igion, and for assert ing the r ightsof King Wil l iam and Queen Mary to the province of Maryland and all the Engl ish Dom in ion .
” After a short confl i c t .in August, the se seven hundred revo lu t ion ists took possession of the province . Thus under royal contro l, an Assembly
passed an Act in 1694 to remove the capi tal to Anne Arunde lTown . After the removal in 1695 , the Leg islature changedthe name of the capi ta l to Annapo l is, wh i ch has ever sincebeen the State capi tal, a ci ty of acqu ired romance and re
30 INTRODUCTORY H I STORY
nown, where so cia l gaye ty and refinement weal th and in te l~
lectua l cu l ture, lavish ly main ta ined, has rare ly been equa ledand nowhere exce l led in any capi ta l of our Un ion .
Th is br ie f h istory, now conc luded, of the province of Maryland
,beginn ing with the first Lord Ba l t imore, and extending
to the t ime when Annapol is was founded, now leads us to con
si der with deeper in terest the making, management and
developmen t of our home county— Dorchester, from its
origin to the presen t day, and to place in lo cal h istory thehonored names of many usefu l, influen t ia l and hero i c people,wi th the story of their noble deeds in colon ial, revo lut ionaryand later t imes.
D IVIS ION I I .
Early History of Dorchester C ounty .
CHAPTER I .
E ARLY SETTLEMENTS—FORMATION INTO A COUNTY—APPO INTMENT OFCOUNTY OFFICE RS BY GOVE RNOR CALVE RT .
Th irty-five years after the Ca lvert set t lement at St .Mar y’s, the Provin ce of Maryland had suffi cien t ly developedto just i fy the organ i zat ion and out l in ing of another countythen to be named Dorchester .
I t wou ld in terest the presen t and future generat ions. ofDor chester County to. know the names Of those who madethe first l i tt le set t lemen ts, when and where located east of
the Chesapeake, in that part of the Eastern Shore sou th of
the Choptank, and northwest of the Nan t i coke. Certain lynot long after, i f not pr ior to the set t lemen t of Patuxen t, in1645 , i t was that some adven turers decided to make new
homes on the densely wooded“ isles and adjacen t main landsjust across the Bay .
In 1659, ten years before Dor chester County was Offi cial lyestabl ished
,whi le Governor Fen dal l was in tr i gu ing with the
Provinc ia l Assemb ly, to depr ive the Lord Propr ietary of his
jurisdi ct ion in the co lon y, An thony LeCompte was havinghis land lying onHom e Bay, in Chop tank R iver, surveyed .
His hom estead there con tained 80 0 acres, wh i ch he named“An ton ine .
” Wil l iam Chapl in had surveyed 30 0 acres, and
named“Chaplin
’
sHome,”on Tar Bay ; R i chard B en t ly ,
“B en
tleys,”
300 acres, sur .
‘ Ju ly 7, 1659, on Hungar R iver ; Thomas
Stone,“Stonwrick Rathorn,
”150 acre-s ; Thos St i l l ington,
Sti l l ington ,
”10 0 acres, sur . Ju ly 1 ; o thers, Stephen Gary,
Francis Armstrong, John Gary, Peter Sharpe, John Fel ton
32 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
Wi l l iam Stevens, Thomas Powe l l, John Hudson, and man ymore were gran ted paten ts for land, who as owners, came
and set t led thereon be tween that time and the date of the
county format ion . The rent—rol ls record more than a hun
dred se t t lers who had lo cated hom es wi thin the l im i ts of the
terr i tory wh i ch was later named Dor chester . By th is t ime
five hundred inhabitants wer e l iving in the proposed new
oounty ; these first set t lers loc ated along the shores of the
Bay and its tributar ies for the open view and conven ience thewater afforded to commun i cate with their nei ghbors ; and
for fish and oysters, such desirable food -
products ; and possibly for greater pro tect ion from wi ld an imals then numerous
i n the forests, as we l l as from the suspi c ious Abacos , and
treacherous Nant i cokes that l ived h igher up the r ivers. Iln
sma l l colon ies of a few fam i l ies, they cleared the land of its
den se t imbe r growth to: make for themselves l i t t le farms and
modest homes.
Governor Ca lvert had ,in 1667, sen t an armed force of
m i l i t ia under Co l . Vincent Low e, aga inst the Nan t i coke
Ind ians, to deman d redress and the surrender of some Ind ianswho had murdered Captain Obd er and his servan ts. Terms
were agreed upon withou t war, and a treaty con cluded between the Lord Propr ietary and Vinnacokas immon,
Emperorof the Nant i cokes, on May I
,1668 . O f this treaty a para
graph of its pe cu i iar language is here given :“I t is agreed
upon, that, from this day forward there be an invio lable peaceand am i ty be tween. the R ight Honorable, the Lord Propr ie
tary of thi s provin ce and the Empe ror of Nan t i coke upon the
Art i c les hereafter in this treaty to be agreed upo n,to the
wor ld’
s end to endure, and that all former acts of hos t i l i t iesand damages whatsoever by e i ther party sustaine d be bur iedin perpetua l obl ivion .
”Thi s trea ty re l ieved the new sett lers
of much anxiety and danger , and a l low ed them to advan cethe ir l ines of po ssess ion into the in ter ior withou t great opposi t iou from the nat ive owners of thi s prim i t ive wi lderne ss,wi th its loved haun ts and happy hun t ing-grounds.
DUTIE S OF COM M ISS IONERS 33
In the fo l lowing year, 1669, Gov. Char les Ca lvert, withcon sen t of the: Counc i l, issued wri ts on the sixteen th day o f
February, order ing e lect ion s to be he ld in the several cou nt ies, for the freemen to e l ect de legates to an assembly, to me eton the thi rteen th day of Apr i l, at the c i ty o f St . Mary’s. One
of the wr i ts issu ed was d irected to Raymon d Staple-for t ,
Sher iff of Dor che ster Co unty,“returnable in to our chan cery
on or before Apri l Th is is the first evidence found in provinc ial records of the format ion or erect ion of DorchesterCoun ty . There is no Propr ietary proclama t ion or Assemb lyAct of record to Show what da te the coun ty was Officia l lydesignated . At the e lect ion he ld in Dor chester at th is t ime
R i chard Preston was elected a De legate to the Assembly .
At no previous Assembly ha d the coun ty be en rep-resented .
Dur ing the sess ion of that Assemb ly, on the sixth. day ofMay,
the first Justi ces or Comm ission ers for the county wereappo in ted . Th is in terest ing record here deserves quotat ionCeci l ius Calvert, Lord Propr ietary of the Provin ce of
Maryland, an d Avalon , Lord Baron of Ba l t imore, etc .
“To Raymon d Stapleford, John Pol lard,Wil liam Stevens,
of Litt le Choptank ; Stephen Gary, Wil l iam Stevens, HenryTr ippe , An thony LeCompte, and H en ry Hooper , Gen tsGree t ing. Know ye that w e for the great trust and confi
den ce that we have in your fid elities, circumspe ct ion s, prudeu ces and wisdoms have con st i tu ted,ordained and appo intedand do by these presen ts, con st i tute, orda in and appo int you
the sai d Raymon d Stapleford, John Po l lard,Wil l iam Stevens,Stephen Gary , Wm . Stevens, Henry Tr ippe ,
Anthon y Le
Compte and Henry Hooper , Gen t . Comm iss ion ers, jo in t l yand several ly to keep the peac e in Dor chester Coun ty, andto keep
'
and cause to be kept an d ordinan ces madefor the goo d and conservat ion eace and for the qu ietru le and governmen t of the peop le in all and every the
art i c les of the same, and to chast ise and pun ish all person s
Offending against the form of the laws and orders of our
sa i d Provin ce o f Marylan d, any o f them in Dor ches terCoun ty afor esaid , as according to the form of those laws
3
34 H I STORY OF DORCHESTER COUN TY
and orders sha l l be fi t to be done . We have al so con st i tu tedand ordaine d you and every fou r or mo re or you ,ofwh i ch. you
the sa id Raymond Stapleford, John Pol lard or Wil l iam
Stevens, of Litt le Choptank (un less some on e of our Coun cilbe pr esent who are also to be our Commi ssion er s) , to eu
qu ire by the oa th of good and lawfu l men of your coun tyaforesa id, of all manners felon ies, wit chcraft, inchantments,
soc eri es, magic ar ts, trespasses, for es tal l ings, engrossings
and extort ions whatsoever, and all misde eds and offen ces of
wh i ch Just i ces of the Peace in England ought laJq lly to
enqu ire, by whoms'
oever or wh-en'
so-ever perpetrated, or wh i chhereafter shal l happen to be done or perpetrated in the
county aforesaid, against the laws and ord inan ces of our sa idProvin ce of Maryland — Provided you proceed not in any
the cases aforesai d to take l i fe or member, but. that in everysuch case you sen d the pri soners wi th their ind i ctmen ts and
the who le ma t ter depending before you to the next Prov inci al Court to be ho l den for our sai d Provin ce of Maryland,when so-e-ver or wheresoe ver to be ho lden, there to be tried ;and further, we do hereby author i ze you to issue wr its, pro»
cesses, arr ests and attachments, to P lea of Oyer and ter
m iner, and after judgemen t, execut ion to award in al l casesc ivi l, whether rea l or persona l , in act ion that dorth not exceedthree thou sand pounds of tobacco , to the laws, orders and
reasonable customs mad-e and use d in Provinceof Mary land , in wh ich causes c ivi l to be tryed
|
w e do con st i tu te, ordain and appoin t you ,Ray
mon d Stap leford, J'
ohn Po l lard and ! W i l l iam Stevens, of
Li tt le Choptank, to be the Judges as aforesaid, un lesssome on e of ou r Coun c i l be then. in Cou rt ; and therefore we do comm en d YOIU. that you di l igen t ly in tend the keeping of the peace laws. and or ders, and all and singu lar, o therthe prem ises , and at certain days appo in ted accord ing to Act
of Assembly in that case prov i ded, and at su ch places wh i ch
you or any four or more of you as afor esa i d shal l in thatbehal f appo in t, ye make enqu iries upon the pr em ises and
perform and fu lfi l l the same in form aforesa i d, do ing therein
36 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
Atlan ti c O cean, and the D e laware Bay, and R iver, bac k tothe for t ieth degree . The l im its of Somerset and Dor chesterCoun t ies extended eastwardly to D elaware Bay, and inc ludedthat part of De laware, now ca l led Sussex Coun tyLord Bal t imore au thor i zed Wi l l iam Stevens of Somerset
Cou n ty to lay out and gran t land in that par t of Dor chesterCou nty, lying next to Delaware Bay . However, after the
Duke o f York acqu ired th is Du tch Colony, on the De lawareBay, the pro
-tests of Lor d Ba l t imor e for his r ights wer e not
as stron g as the appe als of P en-n to King James, for the pos
session of the new terr i tory of D e laware wh i ch the Kinggran ted to Penn in 1685 . KTo—d ay, Dorchester Coun ty doesnot con ta in one-hal f of its or i ginal area as lega l ly acqu iredby Lord Bal t imore.
CHAPTER 11.
RE FE RENCE S To THE ASSEMBLY OF 1669 AND 1671—OTHE R COUNTY AFFAIRS .
At ’
the Provinci al Assembly, wh i ch met Apr i l 13 , 1669.
R i chard Preston came as a De legate, having be en electedto rep
-resen t Dorchester Cou nty, as also d id Dan iel Jen i fer,who had been chos en a Burgess. They both l ived at P atuxent, but were large land—hol ders in Dor chester .
At th is session a number of laws were passed . In the Actfor Cou rt day s the first Tuesday in September, November,January, March and Jun e, were designated for Dor che ster .
Comm i ss ioners who {fai led to at tend Cou rt on the d aysname
-d were fined on e hun dred pou nds of tobacco ,wh ich
was appl ied to a fund to be used for the erect ion of
wh ipp ing—pos ts, stocks and pi l lor ies.. Once those bar
barous implemen ts o f pun ishmen t stood near the Cambr idgeCourt House, where cr iminal, even wh i te women, had the irbare backs lashed unt i l the b loo d ran down
,drawn by the
rawh ide’
s cruel b lows . Men had the i r ears cropped, and hotiron—brands were app l ied that burned their flesh to publ i c lymark them as cr im inals, for larceny and o ther pet ty cr imes ;
and tongue-bor ing was done for graver offences.
O ther Assembly Acts were to levy resources for war, makeh ighways and roads ; to en cou rage the bu i ld ing of water -m i l ls,and to revive var ious laws previously passed that first app l iedto Dorchester . Dur ing th is se ssion an Ind ian
,named Ana
tchco-in, a l iasWanamon , aWiccomi s,who had ki l led Captain
Obder, and his servants, was brought from Dor chester blyorde r of King Aba co
,to St . Mary’s, on May 6 . The
guards who brou ght him were George Hogg, HumphreyJenn ings, John Stevens and Thomas F lowers, who were pai das fo l lows : Hogg,
three hundred pounds of toba cco ; the
others, - two hundred pounds each . The Coun ci l orderedwith l i t t le delay that the Indian be Shot to death be fore threeo
’cl ock, the n ext day, Fr i day afternoon .
38 H I STORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
An Act for Natural i zat ion . of Fore igners was also passed ,and Wil l iam T i ck, a Du tchman in Dor chester , was na turaliz ed , Apr i l 19 . He was a nat ive of Amsterdam , Ho l lan d,but having set t led on the Litt le Chop-tank R iver , and as a
partner wi th R i chard Pr eston ,who was . a large land owner
in tha t se ct ion , joint ly raised l ive - stock ther e . Som e rou teof hi s on or abou t his premises, wh i ch he frequen t ly use
-d ,
perhaps a cat t le-pa th, his Engl ish n eighbors name d Ti ck’
s
Path .
” From tha t name and the trave ler of that path, a
tradi t ion a l legend has been handed down from gen erat ion
to generat ion for more than two hun dred years, tha t Wi l l iam
T i ck hung h imsel f there ; and the appar i t ion of a headlessghost on T i ck’s Path has o ften been seen. in the dark
shadows of the den s-e for est alon g that weird pa thway .
Just where the firs-t Cour t of Just i ce'
s met in 1669, or 1670 ,
there is no record, but pr ivate fam i ly-paper s Show tha t Cou rtSession s were he ld at a town si te cal led “
Ifis lington ,
”on
N i cho las Mayn ey’
s Po in t,”on Litt le Choptank , where an
old br i ck bu i ld ing more than two hund red years old now
stands. at the si de of B rooks’ Creek .
In 167 1 Wil l iam Stevens, of Lit t le Chop-tank, was ap
po in ted Coron er , and Wil l iam VVroughton , Tho-mas P at
t ison and Thomas Skinn er , addi t iona l Comm ission ers, and
Dan ie l C larke and H enry Trippe were e lected De legates tothe
“Assemb ly ;”an Act was passe
-d for establ ish ing standardweigh ts and mea sures, wh i ch wer e to be purchased in E ngland and afterwards set up for Dor chester , at Dan ie l C larke
’
s
hou se ; C larke was appo in ted Keeper ..An Act to Establ ish
Fe-rri es over Choptank in to Dor chester Cou nty, and overNan t icoke in to Som erset Coun ty, was also passed . A tax
levy Was made ; in Dorchester ther e w ere 2 63 tithables, who
were taxed 33 pounds of tobacco per po l l or head . Toba cco »
was then wo rth two»
pence per pound ; the pr i c e is here givento show wha t taxpayers then had to pay in money valueabou t on e do l lar an d th irty—two cen ts each .
“O rdinaryKeepe rs charged ten pounds of tobacco for a meal, and six
teen pounds fo-r a n ight’s lod ging .
CHAPTER I I I .
RE CORD OF LOCATION OF FIRST COURT HOUSE—THE BU ILDING OF COURTHOUSE S AT CAMBRIDGE—NO OFFICIAL RE CORDS OF COURT PROCEEDINGSPRIOR TO 1689 Now TO BE FOUND—ASSEMBLY PROCE EDINGS THATAFFE CTED DORCHE STE R—AN ACT FOR KE EPING HOLY THE LoRD
’
s DAY
LE VY FOR PAYING THE PUBLIC CHARGE—LI ST OF MILITIA~MEN SENT
AGAIN ST THE NANTICOKE. INDIANS IN 1669, WITH AMOUNTS PAID IN
TOBACCO FOR SE RVICE S- MI SCELLAN I E S .
Wh i le the fi rst Cou rts of Dorchester were temporar i lyheld in pr ivate houses for the first two years of the county
’
s
existence, an appropriate bu i l d ing was soon establ ished .
From “John ’
s Po in t,”
on B ro'oks’ Creek, a tract of landacqu ired by John Hudson , November 24, 1665
— the Court
was removed to “Harwood’s Cho i ce,”a plan tat ion lying on
the most eas ter ly bran ch o f F ish ing Creek, a tr ibu tary of Li ttle Choptank River . I t con tained 150 acres , and was pur
chased b-y Will iam Worgin,tenan t, of F ish ing Creek, from
Robt . Harwood , Of Talbo t Coun ty, on the Sixth day of O cto
ber, 1670 . Th is Cou rt record is subscr ibed by EdwardSavage , C lerk of Cou rt . Witne ss, Stephen Gary .
At a session Of the Court, he ld Decembe r 1 1, 1673 , by
Dan ie l C lark,Robert W insmor e, Of the Quorum
,
Will iam Stevens ,
H enry Trippe,ustices.
Thomas Sk i nner,J
Wil l iam Wo rg in gave twen ty-five acres O f Harwood’
s
Cho i ce,” “
and a n ew hou se late ly bu i l t and fin ished byGeorge Seward for the keeping of the Cou rt there .
” He
also gave t imber for bu i ld ings and firewood for use of the
Cou rt ; and gave bond to the amoun t of pounds of
40 H I STORY OF DORCH ESTER COUNTY
tobacco , to warran t and d efend the gift . The terms of the
gi ft wer e that,“Whenever the Court removed from there,
the sai d land and property to be returned to the owners.
”
Th is appar en t ly generou s gi ft from Worgin evident ly wasan inducemen t to have the County Cou rt permanent ly established near his prem ises. Court was held there un t i l established at Cambr idge in 1687 .
Mr . James S . Shephe rd, present Depu ty C lerk of the Cou rt,
pub l ished an accoun t of the bu i ld ing of the several CourtHouses at Cambr i dge, from wh i ch he kindly perm i tted copyextracts to be made, and are here in given .
The second Cou rt House in Dorchester, be ing the first onebu i l t in Cambr i dge, was con stru cted by Capt . Anthon yDawson ,
in 1687 . He con tracted with Major Thomas Tay
lor, steward Of Dorchester County, in considerat ion of
pounds of tobacco (worth abou t to bu i ld a house
of the fo l lowing dimensions : 40 feet in length and 24 feet
in breadth ; two floors ; fou r large windows be low and on e
smal l c loset w indow, wi th two large casemtents to each
window, etc . Chambers to be sealed ; one large pair of sta irs
with ra i ls and balusters ; a large por ch at ye end of the house,
etc . This Cou r t Hou se was taken down and so ld in 1770 ,
when the secon d on e was bu i l t, au thori zed by Act of Assa m
bly, passed in the year 1770 (see Chap. X I I I) . Robert Eden,
E sq ., was the
-n Governor. The Act directed pounds
of tobacco to be assessed, to be pa i d Char les Di ckenson ,
Wil liam E nnalls, Robert Harr ison and John Go l dsborough,
J r., who were: to me et in Cambr i dge by Mar ch 15 and con
tract w ith workmen to bu i l d the new house. I t was bu i l t
of br i ck, upon the s i te where the presen t Court House now
stand s, but a few feet nearer the street . I t was destroyed
by fire, supposed to have been of incen diary or i gin,in 185 1 .
The records in the C lerk’s O ffice. were saved ; all in the
Register’s O ffice were burned . The presen t or third Court
House was completed and o ccupied in 185 3 , and cost $ 18,I t is a substan t ial and commodious bu i ld ing; and
COM M ISSIONE RS FOR DORCHE STER COUNTY 4 1
serves we l l to day the same purpose s for wh i ch i t was bu i ltfi fty years ago .
O f the session s of the Cou rts he ld by the County Just i cesfro-m 1673 to 1687, at the hou se donated by Wi l l iam Worgin,
and from 1687 un t i l August 5 , 1690 , at Cambr i dge, thereare no records to be found in the C lerk’s O ffice .
Remarkably strange and deeply to be regretted is the
fa i lure of Edward Savage, the first C lerk Of the Cou rt inDor chester, an d his. successors to transm i t the: records. of
the Cour t in order, down to Thomas P attiso-n, who was
appointed C lerk by the first Assembly of Revo lu t ionaryAsso-ciators wh i ch met August 2 3 , 1689, after having d is
placed the Propr ietary from con tro l in the provin ce, and
pro c laimed“Wil l iam and Mary Soverei gns of England, the
Province of Maryland and all the Engl ish domin ion s.
”For
seven teen years there are no records to Show the proc eedings Of the Courts of Just i ce in Dor chester Coun ty
,a l though
they were probably con vened fou r t imes a year according tothe law under Proprietary ru le. We must con ten t ourselvesto know on ly the names of coun ty officers of those who
represented the county in the Provincial Assembl ies and thelaws passed that affected the co lon ists in that d ivision of the
State.
At an Assemb ly sess ion in 1674, begun May 19, the
delegates from Dor chester Coun ty were Dan ie l C larke and
Henry Tr ippe . An Act was passed to bu i ld a Cou rt Hou se
and ja i l in each of the several coun t ies. June 14 Com
m ission ers for Dorchester were appointed, viz : Dan ie lC larke (who was then a Delegate) , Robert Winsmore, Will iam Stevens and John Hudson , Gen ts . of the Quorum ; and
Henry Tr ippe, Stephen Gary, Bartho lomew E nnalls, H enry
Hooper,Wil l iam Ford,Thomas Skinner and Char les Hut ch
ins, Gen ts. Just i ces. A second session of the Assembly was
held in the same year, but noth ing spec ial was done for Dor
chester . At the next session , begun February 9,1675 , Henry
Tr ippe and Will iam Forde, were the Dorchester De legates .
A pu bl i c levy was made at the rate of 165 pounds of tobactco
42 H ISTORY OF DORCH E STER COUNTY
per po l l or head . In Dor chester, 3 5 5 person s (ma les) weretaxed . The nex t session he ld began May 15 , 1676.
“Ordinary” Keepe rs were appoin ted at the severa l County Courts,in c lud ing Dor chester, and were taxed 12 0 0 pounds of to
bacco annua l ly, and l i cense cos t 2 5 shi l l ings ster l ing . August6, 1676, commission s were issued to H enry Tr ippe and
An thon y Dawson , to be Captai ns o f foo t compan ies. in Dor
chester, under Col . Vin cen t Lowe . August 9 new Com
mission ers of the Pea ce were appoin ted, namely, RobertWinsmore, Wil l iam Stevens, Raymon d Stapleford, HenryTr ippe , and John Brooks, Gen t lemen of the Quorum ; and
Stephen Gary Barth, E nnalls, Ch . Hu t ch ins,Henry B rad
ley , J no . Po l lard and John Offey, Gen t lemen Just i ces. At
thi s se ss ion ,The R igh t Hon orable Char les
,Absolu te Lord
and Propr ietary. Off the Provin ce of Maryland,
first pres idedover the Counci l . On May 30 ,
1677, the fol lowi ng was
put on rec ord in the House .
“Upon complai n t made to
th is House by Andrew Ins loe of Dor chester Coun ty, touching an execut ion in ten ded to be served on h im by R ichardM eekins, of the sa i d county, i t is thought fi t by thi s Hous e
that the sai d execut ion be hereby suspended and supersed edi f a lready issu ed, and Thomas Taylor, h i gh Sher iff of sa i dcou nty is requ ired to take no t i ce hereof accord ingly .
”Then
as now the : Legislature exer cised the power to pas s Acts of
finan cial rel ief .The next Assembly met O ctober 2 0 , 1678, and passed
some impor tan t laws of interest to every ci t i zen then in Dor
chester , notably, an“An Act for Keeping Ho l y the Lord’s
Day,”wh i ch is here part ly copied :
“
Forasmuch as the san ct i fying or keeping ho ly of the
Lord’
s day, common ly ca l led Sunday, is and hath be en
esteemed by the pr esen t and all pr imi t ive Chr ist ian Churchesand people, a prin ciple and ch ief par t of the sai d worshi p.
wh i ch day in mo st places in th is provin ce hath been and
st i l l is pro faned and neg lected by a wi cked and disorderlysor t of people, by working, drunkenness, swear ing, gaming,un lawfu l past imes and other debau cheries to the h igh d is.
44 H ISTORY OF DORCH E STE R COUNTY
Morgan , Phi l ip Aherne, John . Pope, John Savage, ThomasBowman, John F ish, Jonathan Wa i te, John Wallice, James
Egg, John R i chardson ,Lewis Gr iffith, James Da l ton ,
H enryJames F ie ld ing, Robe rt Evans, Char les Hutchyson ,
John Curt i ce, and to John Causey, and everyand each o f them , 60 0 Capt . Henry Tr ippe, 10 0 0 lbs . ;
Lieu t . Edward Taylor , 70 0 lbs. ; Ensign Edward Pander ,600 lbs. ; Franc i-S
’
Tarcell, 40 0 lbs. ; R i chard Owen , 40 0 lbs.
Wm . Law, 40 0 lbs. , Thos . Vei t ch, 40 0 lbs.,John P lummer,
30 0 lbs . ; Laurence Woonett 400 lbs. Wm . Watson ,
Matthew Hood , John Denaire, Mark Mitchel l , Samue l F in ch,
John Sn-oeoke, James Nowe l l , Ph i l ip Gunter, Thomas Taylor, David Fortune, Edward Cheeke, John Lawren c e, Wm.
Marchent, Stephen Pardue, J o's. Casten . Thomas Co l lens,Char les Morgan,
R i chard Tu cker, Andrew P'
ruet t,Alex
ander Dowe l l, Wil l iam Spuriway, George Sprou ce, Cornel ius Lurden, Patriclk Harwoo d, Wm . Walker, AlexanderF isher, Henry P lummer, Wil l iam Che-esman
,Thomas
Cloughtane, John FO-ord , and to John Yate, and to everyand each of them, 30 0 lbs. ; Capt . An thon y Dawson,
130 0
lbs. ; Lieu t . John Mackeele, 70 0 lbs .,En si gn , John Dawsey,
60 0 lbs , Edward Hyde, 40 0 lbs Wm P lovey, 40 0 lbs . ; Cor
poral Lewis, 40 0 lbs. ,James Hai le, 4oo lbs ; Thomas Sym
monds, 40 0 lbs ; Edward Newton , John :Newton, John
Wate1ly, Thomas Ph i l l ips,Wm . Evans, George Hargissone
Rowland Vaughn,Ph i l ip Su t ton,
Henry Harvey, James
Du '
el l, John P o lllingjto-n , Wm . B ea rd, John Lunn ,
James
Per le, Henry Newbe l l, Wil l iam Taptico,Wm . B erry, John
C lark, Robert Roberts-one, Step-hen B en t ly, Wil l iam Mes
Sh ier, Thomas Lon g, Wil l iam Hares , R i chard Thom-asine,Franc is F loyd , Dar ley Cohoon e,Wm . Mil ls, Joseph Reeves,John Stamward , R i ch . Dud son, and John Peop le, and to
each and every one of them, 30 0 lbs . TO'w —Bal ‘fll QLQLnEE/I
H enry B radley, 1832 lbs . ; Dan iel Jones,150 lbs ; John Kirke, 895 lbs. ; Jame
-s Peterkin, 50 lbs ; John
P ierson , 50 lbs. ; O l iver Gray, 464 lbs . Wm . Robsone, 50
lbs . ; R i chard Ho l land, 40 0 lbs . ,
John Hud sorne, 12 30 lbs. ;
EVENTS IN COLON IAL DAYS 45
Henry B eckwith, 50 lbs. ; Stephen Gary, 85 lbs. ; Wm .
Stephens, 73 1 lbs. ; Wm . Dorr ington , 5 79 lbs Dan ie-l Jon es,
40 7 lbs. ; John R i chardson , 2 5 lbs . ; John Steward, 370 lbs ;John Davis, 70 lbs . ; Will iam Daysone, 70 lbs . ; Wm . Willoughby, 30 0 lbs. ; Thomas F lowers, 2 0 0 lbs . ; Hen ry Turner,2 0 0 lbs. Raymond Staplefort, 300 lbs . ; Fran ces Tarcell,2 0 0 lbs .
These c la ims were pai d out of the co lon ial revenue at the
Governmen t warehouses, ch iefly by exchange of tobacco ,
for impor ted merchandise in demand and needed by the
people in every colon ia l hou seho l d .
Space in th is work is too l im i ted to give in detai l everylo cal even t of record in colon ia l days, abou t the peop le and
their do ings in Dorchester . Then, as now ,confl i ct ing in ter
ests in landho ld ing ,business affairs and po l i t i cs. arose and
were faced by con tending oppon en ts . In 1679 Raymon dStaplefort, one of the Comm ission ers of Dor che ster, was d ismi ssed by Governor Ca lvert, ou complain t made by some
of the county ci t i zens. He had be en on e of the Just i cessince 1669, when he was transfer red from the Office o f Sher iff .At a Colon ia l Counc i l in 168 1, a pet i t ion was presen ted
by James Peterkin , against Stephen Gary, Sheriff of Dor
chester Co unty, that Gary and o thers had combi ned to
defraud and dece i ve him of his just r ights and property ; thatthey i l lega l ly proce eded in the execu t ion of a warran t for
summon ing a jury to lay out the bou nds of Capt . An thonyDawson’
s land in Transq uaking R iver, by empanneling
Jurors excepted by Pe terkin , and that damage and almos t
ru ined h im. An: invest igat ion was ordered to be heardbe for e the next Counci l .
CHAPTER IV .
THE P ROTE STANT RE VOLUTION IN 1689—COUNTY OFFICIALS CHOSENKING W ILLIAM ’
S APPROVAL OF THE PROTE STANT ASSOCIATORS ’
REvo
LUTTON—CONTINUE S THE PROVINCIAL OFFICE RS AD INTE RIM—LIONELCOPLE Y BE COME S GOVE RNOR—PROTE STANT CHURCH E STABLI SHED BY
LAW— DEATH OF COPLE Y— GOVE RNOR ANDROS ASSUMED CONTROL—COL .
CHARLE S HUTCHIN S , A MEMBE R OF THE GOVE RNOR ’S COUNCIL , 1694
LI E UTENANT-GOVE RNOR N ICHOLSON INSTALLED GOVE RNOR—DORCHE S
TER SUB SCRI BED To THE PUBLIC SCHOOL FUND—RE VI S ION OF THE
PROTE STANT CHURCH LAW , AND COMME NTS ON ASSEMBLY DELE GATE SFROM DORCHE STE R AND OTHE R COUNTIE S—STRICT RULE S GOVE RNINGTHE PEOPLE AND E FFE CTS .
1689. After Wil l iam and Mary ascended the thron e of
England, and the un for tunate delay of the Propri etary of
Maryland to pro claim them. soverei gns, owing to a long:voyage of the vessel wh i ch had on board the messen gers whowere br inging the pro c lamat ion to Maryland, a cr isis in publ i c sent imen t, already in sympa thy with the new King and
Queen,arose in the co lon y, and in Apr i l, 1689, there was
formed by revolu t ionary measure :a an associat ion in arms
for the defen ce of the Pro testan t re l igion,and for assert ing
the r ights of King Wil l iam and Queen Mary to the Provinceof Maryland, and all the Engl ish Domin ion s, wh i ch was ledby John Cood e, a wicked and desperate man .
Th is revo lu t ion depr ived the Propr ietary of the r ight of
govern ing Maryland with Official ly appo in ted officers in the
province ; but we find that mos t of the office—ho l ders who hadwel l and fai thfu l ly se rved h im,
readi ly accepted appo in tmen tsto office and e lect ive places under royal decree, and evenunder the assumed Assemb ly of the King
’
s Pro testan t sub
jects, that met August 2 3 , 1689. We discover, in DorchesterCounty, that for regu lat ing the affairs of the m i l i t ia, H enryTr ippe, who had served the Propr ietary in many offices, wasappoin ted
“Major of the Horse”in the place of Tho-mas Tay
LI ONE L COPLE Y APPO INTED GOVE RNO R 47
lor ; Thomas E nnalls, Captain of a foo t company in the placeof Captain Trippe ; John Murket, Capta in of a foo t companyin the place o f An thon y Dawson . Thomas Pat t ison,
lateC lerk of the Cou rt und er the Propr ietary was reappo intedC lerk . The Just i ce-s were Henry Tr ippe, Char les Hut ch ins,Henry Hooper, John Woodward and John B roo ks— a veryl i t t le change from the Proprietary appo intees . I t is surpr isingtha t honorable men l ike the above-named wou l d accept orho ld office under the di ctat ion of the no tor ious and lawlessJohn Cood e, whose word to the asso ciated Assemb ly waslaw, and whose demands were con ceded withou t quest ionwhether r ight or wron g. Coo d e was so pub l i c ly d etes-ted
that several coun t ies refused to send represen tat ives to the
Assembly in 1689, notably Anne Arundel and Ken t Coun
t ies.
In 1690 King Wil l iam made a formal approval of the rev
Olutionary acts of the Pro testant Assoc iat ion in Maryland,and authori zed the leaders to con t inue as officers ad interim.
Apri l 9, 1692 ,Lione l Copley ar r ived in Maryland with a
royal comm ission , and was at on ce recogn i zed as Governor .
The Assembly met May 14, 1692 , an u l tra bo dy that passed asacri legious Act, en t i t led
“For the servi ce of Almighty God ,
and the es tabl ishmen t of the Protestan t rel igion . I t wasa law that protected Pro testan ts on ly, and made i t cr iminalfor Cathol i cs to hol d divine service according to the ir churchforms, and gave no lawfu l pro tect ion to o ther re l igiousdenom inat ion s.
Whatever laws or customs tha t preva i led at large to affectthe colon ists, were proport ionate ly fe l t by the pe-oiple of Dor
chester . Previou s to th is Pro testan t crusade, l i t t le had been
done to establ ish rel igious servi ces or for the edu ca t ion of
ch i ldren . Vice and immora l i ty “flour ished . Ignoran ce and
rude manners influen ced hom e l i fe in many sect ion s of the
coun ty and province as we l l . The Church Act o f 1692 witho the r reformatory laws, good in on e sense, and bad in an
other, very slow ly improved the habi ts o f the lower c lasseso f soc iety .
48 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
At some t ime previou s, Hugh Eccleston had been ap~
po in ted C lerk Of the Dor chester Coun ty Cou rt, but had beenlately removed by Governor Copley,
“and now presen ted a
pet i t ion to be re instated, al leging for reason that he had we l land submissively behaved h imse lf to their Maj est ies’ Government, and was never known or suspe cted to be any waystain ted or i l l-effeclted to the same, and for wha t reasons
turned out he knew not.
”
Char les Hut ch ins, Edward P inder,Thomas E nnalls, H enryHooper, Thomas Hicks and Wil l iam Mishew ,
Magistrates,had endor sed his pet i t ion .
On May 18 the Governor sen t for Dr . John B rooks togive h is opin ion of Mr . Eccleston, late C lerk of the Dor
chester County Court, who had pet i t ioned for re instatemen t.He sai d “that he we l l knew Eccleston to be every way
fu l ly qual ified for the place, and wi l l give grea t sat isfact ionto the Cou n ty as former ly he hath done . The
Comm issioners o f the Coun ty “upon exam inat ion thereo f
cou ld not find anyth ing substan t ial or mater ial against thesai d Eccles ton , whereupon and for that , i t is also in formedthat the presen t C lerk,Mr. B en jam in Hun t keeps an
“Ordinarv. H is Exce l len cy res tor ed Ecc leston to the c lerksh ip.
D e legates at th is session from Dor set, were H enry Tr ippe,Dr. John B rooks, Thomas E nnal ls and Edward P inder.
“At the a djournmen t of th is Assembl y, June 9, 1692 , i t
was proro-gued by Governor Copley un t i l O ctober 13 , 1693 ,
but a few days be fore the death of Governor Copley, he ca l ledan extra session to meet September 2 0 , 1693 .
After the Governor’s death, Governor And ros , then Governor of Virgin ia,at on ce sei zed the governmen t of Maryland,by virtue of a. roya l comm ission ,
having been appointed Commander—in-Ch ief of Mary land
,in March, 1692 , wh i le Capt .
Franc is N i chol son had been appo in ted or comm iss ion edLieu tenan t-Governor in February . Andros c la imed that hiscomm ission empow ered him to do so ,
in the even t of Copley’s death, and the absen ce of N i cho lson , but when exam
ined , i t on ly au thor i zed h im. to assume oon tro l in the event
ACTS OF ASSEM BLY 49
o f N i cho lson ’
s death and Copley’
s absen ce . At th is Septem~
ber session Dorchester was on ly represen ted for on e day, and
by Henry Tr ippe,who was then gran ted leave to go to E ngland . Dr John Brooks and Edward Pin der , o ther latemembers had recen t ly died, and Thomas E nnalls fai led toappear . There was l i t t le to note of Dor chester affairs at th isAssembly, except the issu ing of wr its for an e lect ion of repre
sentatives, and the se lect ion of Col . Char les Hut ch ins, byGovernor Andros, for a member o f his counc i l under his questionable ru le . The County and Cou rt Just i ces in 1693 and
1694 under his con tro l were R i chard Owen , Wal ter Campbe l l, Thomas E nna lls ; and Wm . Mishew and John Mackeele .
Specia l and in teresting Cou n ty Cou rt pro c eedings at th is
per iod are given in Chapter V .
Governor Andros returned to Virgin ia in 1693 , leavingN i cho las Greenbury Presiden t o f the Counc i l and ActingGovernor . Sti l l in contro l in May, 1694, he appo inted S irThomas Lawren ce Presi den t of the Counci l and Act ing Governor . In the fol lowing summer Lieu tenan t—GovernorN i chol son arr ived in the prov ince, exhibited
' his comm issionand was insta lled Governor . H is adm in istrat ion d id not
radical ly change the Coun ty O fficers in Dor chester, particularly the Court offioials, nor in the e lect ion of Burgesses tothe Assembly .
At the next Assembly session , he l d in May, 1695 , one legislative bi l l al lowed Jacob Lo ckerman, Sher iff o f Dor chesterCoun ty, 1440 pounds of tobacco for carrying the Burgessesover to the Assembly in February,1794,and the same amoun tfor sim i lar work in May, 1695 . At th is sess ion ,
Hen ryHooper, Thom as E nnalls and Thomas Hicks, Burgessesfro-m Dorchester, offic ial services 140 poundsof tobacco per n and for trave l ing expen ses
for four days, 8 r day .
At the next Assembly sessio n , on O c tober 17, an orderwas passed that the Courthou se at Cambr idge be used forhol d ing Episcopa l Church services, as i t stood conven ien tfo r church purposes in the par ish .
SO H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
The educat ional interes ts entertained by Governor N icho l :
son, late Lieu tenan t-Governor of Virgin ia, that in fluen cedlargely the bu i ld ing of Wil l iam and Mary Co l lege in 1693 ,
had not abated when he came to govern Maryland . His pro
posi t ion to the Assemb ly led to the passage of the Pet i t ionaryAct in 1696 for establ ish ing a Free Schoo l or Schoo ls inMaryland . By legislat ive appropr iat ions and GovernorN i cho lson ’
s magn ificen t gift and pr ivate subscr iptions, KingVVi lliam
’
s Schoo l in Annapo l is was erected . The contribu
tors for th is schoo l bu i ld ing from Dor chester were :Colone l Hu tch ins, who gave 10 0 0 pounds of tobacco .
Hen ry Hooper,who gave 80 0 pounds of tobacco .
John Po l lard, who gave 80 0 pounds of tobacco .
Thomas Hicks, who gave 80 0 pounds of tobacco .
Thomas E nnalls, who gave 12 0 0 pounds of tobacco .
A Board of Visi tors or S chool Trustees was appo in tedfro-m each coun ty ; those from Dor chester were Rev. Thomas
Howel l, rector of Great Chop-tank parish ; Co l . Roger Wool
ford ; Major Henry E nnalls ; Capt . John R i der ; Capt . H enryHooper ; Capt . John Ho-d son and Govert Lockerman .
Under royal contro l some stringen t laws were passed thatwere he lpfu l to some pe rsons and burdensome to others .
Every Dorchester ci t i zen fe l t the ir effects. Espe c ial ly so
was the Act passed in 1696 that repeal ed all prior Acts con
cern ing re l igi on and church worsh ip, and enacted ano ther
that bore the same t i t le as the Act o f 1692 , viz :“An Act for
the service of Almigh ty God and the establ ishmen t of theProtestan t Rel igion in th is Provin ce.
” Th is Act requ iredthe annua l paymen t of the tobacco tax Of forty pounds per
po l l, or head, by every person over s ixteen years of age, for
the support of the church and its. m in istry . On ly m in istersand poor persons who received alms from the county wereexempted from paymen t of th is tax.
The Angl i can Church Act of 1692 and its supplemen tshad become so unpopu lar, that i t was very doubtfu l i f theCounc i l of Maryland and the Burgesses of the Gen era l As
sembly of the Province, wou ld pass the forty pound po l l tax ;
5 2 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
B r ief extracts. from some forms of oa ths are here given :
“I wi l l be fai thfu l and bear true a l legiance to his Maj esty
King Wi l l iam .
” Another was : “ I do swear that I d o frommy heart abhor , d etest and ab-jure as impiou s and heret i ca lthe damnable do ctr ine and pos i t ion that pr inces excommu nicated an d depr ived by the Pope or any authori ty of the See
of Rom e, may be deposed by the ir subj ects .
A th ird was : “I d o dec lare that no fore ign prin ce, person ,
pre-late or potentatez. hath or ou ght to have any jurisdi ct ion ,
power, supe riori ty, pr imacy or au thor i ty,ecc lesiast i ca l or
spiri tual, with in the rea lm of Eng land, or the dom in ion s
thereun to be longing .
The var iou s stri ct regu lat ions adopted and ri gid ly en for c edunder Pro testan t ru le in the prov in ce, in c luding compu lsoryat tendan ce on Sunday at church servi ce, so interfered with
the l ibert ies of the people that the Coun ty made but l i t t le
prog ress from 1689 to 17 15 ; and from the restorat ion of the
Propr ietary at th is t ime, to. 1753 , Maryland h istory in any
par t of the colony claims no great even ts. Lo ca l anna ls
disc lose frequen t conten t ion s between the Proprietary and
the pe op le, he con tend ing for heredi tary pr ivi leges, and theytrying to establ ish the ir l ibe rties as former ly, and to acqu iren ew one s .
”These struggles deve loped in Dorchester and
other cou n t ies popu lar oppo si t ion to all forms of Oppression ,
and were the germs under cu lt ivation that d evelo u
ped the
Revo lut ion O f 1776 .
COURT HOUS E . CAMBRIDG E.
CHAPTER V .
MISCELLANEOUS E XTRACTS FROM OLD COURT RECORDS AT CAMBRIDGE .
The first or earl ies t Cou rt recor ds to be found in the
C lerk’
s offi ce of Dorchester Coun ty Court,date back to Au
gust, 1690 . From 1669 to th is t ime, four Courts each yearwere author i zed to be held somewhere in Dorchester, and
con clusively show n to have be en first hel d at Isl ington ;seco nd at Dorset, from 1673 to 1687 ; and at Cambr idge, from1687 to 1690 , and there ever s ince . For the first twentyyears Of the existence of the county, few records of Court or
cou nty affa irs are to be found . By the loss of the reco rds a
per iod o f mos t in terest ing and valuable coun ty h istory hasbecome extinct, and per ished with the co lon ial generat ion
that made i t . With the succession of Coun ty Court C lerksduring that t ime, viz : Edward Savage, Thomas Pat t ison ,
Hugh Eccleston ,Thomas Sm i thson,Wil l iam Smi thson , Sam
-r
uel Sm i th and Thomas P at t ison,again 1688— and con
sidering the str i ct instruction s given the County Justi ces and
C lerks when appointed, tha t ou t l ined the ir du t ies to the
people and oa th of obl igat ion to the Propr ietary, i t is a
strange mystery that thei r recorded offic ia l pro c eedings
shou l d have ever been mi splaced . I f Thomas. Pat t ison , who
was C le rk under the Propr ietary in 1688, su cceeded h ims el f
in 1689, having be en appointed then by the Protestant
Assembly, why shou l d not the records kept by him, at least,
un der the two d iffer en t governmen ts.have be en preserved !
To no te some official acts of the Court mor e than two
hundred years ago , and later, in the town o f Cambr i dge, then
so differen t ly peopled and influen ced by law and or der in
con form i ty wi th the r igorous cod e of Engl ish just i ce, will
con trast ingly i l lustrate the difference in the l ightened and
54 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
mode rn measures of just i ce for minor offen ces agai nst the
law in th is day .
The organi zat ion of the Cou r t under the reign of Wil l iam
and Mary, at Cambr idge, is here given .
F irst Cou rt of Record he ld .
At a Cou rt he ld forthe Coun ty of Dor chester,
Aug. 5 , 1690 .
MarylandAugust I , 1690 .
Presen t, Hon . John B rooks,Present , Col . Char les Huche ns, of the Quorum .
Presen t, Hon . H enry Hooper .
Hon . John Hod son ,
Capt . John Makeele,
Hon . Thomas E nnal ls,
Mr. Thomas Hicks, J usnces
Mr. Will iam Misshew ,
Mr . Edward W'
h i te,
After the Just i ces and all the Court office-rs then present.had taken the oa th of al leg ian ce and supremacy to theirLordsh ip
’
s Maj est ies, Wil l iam and Mary, by the Grace of
God , &c ., the Court adjourned for one hour.
“The Cou rt set again .
”
P roceed ings . Whereas Robert Thornwel l was fined lastJune Court for not answer ing to serve on the grand jurybeing summon ed . The Court then sa id, ordered his sa idfine be and is remi t ted . he having now shown good and suffi
cient reason s to the Cou rt for his absence according to the
former order of Court ! THos . PATT I SON, C l’k .
”
Thomas F lowers who had been also fined was rel ieved .
The Cou rt ordered that John Kirk pay unto John Lahy,’
his com e and clothes according to Act of Assembly for his
t ime of service completed wi th him, the said John Kirk ; or
execut ion . THos . PATT I SON, C l’
k .
”
OLD COURT RE CORDS AT CAMBRIDGE 5 5
Upon the complain t of John Makeele, J un . Oy er-seer of
thyr h ighways on F ish ing Creek hundred ,that Wil l iam Mil ls
Mr. Po l lar d’s man,David Jon es, Mr . C lark’s, Edward,
Thomas Noon er, Cornel ius his negro,Wil l iam Hi l l, planter,
John King, servan t to John B rannock,Wal ter atMrs. Wood
ward’s, and R i chard Thomas cou ld not at tend the c learingo f the h ighways, being summon ed by the sa id the over-seer
&d . The Cou rt or dered summon s be issued to these peo'
ple
to appear at the next Cou rt to be held the first Tuesday in
September next, and answer Why they d id not obey the Over
seer, or be fined according to law .
“Kather ine Baggo tt was fined five hund red pounds of to
bacco for having born of her bod y a bastard ch i l d . Thomas
We l ls appeared at Court and to pay the fine for her. The
mo ther o f th is ch i ld was a servant of Mr . John Brooks, andthe Court ordered the chi ld to serve Mr. John B rooks un ti l2 1 years of age for the raising and keeping of i t .”
“Mary Brad ston was ordered to be wh ipped by the Sheriff,w i th 15 lashes wel l la i d on the bare back for having born of
her body a bastard ch i ld .
”
“Cou rt adjourned un ti l 8 o’clock nex t morning.
August 6. Provin c ial Cou rt proc eedings.
1690 . Th e Cou rt th is day ordered tha t Aaron Tunes shal lbr ing to or send to nex t County Cou r t, a gun that he former ly bought of an Indian ca l led Cut Wilson Jack, supposedto be a gun be lon ging to» John B ryson
“The Cou rt th is day ordered that Kathe rine F ield in g shal l
be whipt and rece ive of the sher iff ten lash-es wel l lai d on her
bare back for the con tempt and abu sing the Just i ces in
Court S i tt ing.
THOS . PATT I SON, Cl’
k.
”
Th is day the Court order-ed that James Nowel ls be finedfive hundred poun ds of tobacco for his wife Margaret Now
el ls abusing Mr . Wm Hil l and ou r Burgesse s bid ing them‘
be damned .
’
WILL IAM HILL Sub Sheriff of the County .
56 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
Tr ial o f Thomas N .
“Asked to dr ink h is Maj esty
’
s heal th, asks what Kingsays ‘I wil l dr ink hi s damnat ion and all his
pos ter i ty .
’
(“Not gui l ty .
Fo r Slander“The Cour t th is day ordered tha t the She r iff do take in hi s
custody and safe keeping Mathew Cary ; and tha t he be w ipIt
and of the Sher iff ten lashes we l l lai d on his bareback, and l ikewise that the sai d Cary be and is finedfive hundred pounds of tobac co, all be ing for se t t ing false
reports against Mr . John Brooks, one of the Just i ces of th isCour t, accord ing to Act of Assemb ly .
“THos . PATT I SON, C l
’k .
”
169 1 . Pet i t ion to Cou rt for re l ief of Con tempt, for no n
appe arance .
To the Worsh ips the Just i ces. of ou r Worsh ipfu l Cour t .The humb le peti t ion of John Phi l l ip-s .
That the Ptr . was for a grand jury,and the P r
be ing remote from home and no e q uartors to be
had her e conven ien t to securehorses therefor e theP r did endeavor to go to Wm. K ener lys for q uartors, but
be ing dark and unacqua in ted with the way, los t my way, andthe n ight far spen t befor e I
' cou ld come to any hou se un t i lat last by the barking of Mr . Campbe l ls doggs came there,and turn ing my horse loose cou ld no t find him t imely i n the
morn i ng ; now may i t please yourWo1sh ipI -
,s the Comm issioners con s idered that your P r . d id not ever d oe any act in con
tempt of ye \Vorships , humbly prays a rem i ttance of the
fines, and yr P t . as in duty bound shal l ever pray .
“JOHN PH I LL I P S .
Humbly
Sheweth
In 169 1 The Court ordered that a br idewell be kept at
the house o f Arthur Wh i tely, at the head of F ish ing Creek .
”
58 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
the said John B rannock, and in order thereunto the saidIndian had a smal l payr of st i l l-yards to weigh the sai d baconand as the Ind ian was goe ing a lon g the drink over came him
so much that he lay down in the wood s to sleepe and by tha tmean s lost . the sai d John Brannock’
s st i l l-yards and cannotfind them : whereupon the sai d John B ranno ck de tains of theIndians on e gun, a certa in quan ti ty of peak e and a matchcoat
“Now may i t please you r wor ships,the premises con sidered,
your poor pet i t ion er humbly craves an order for hi s gun,
peake and matchc oat, and your pet i tioner as in duty boundshal l pray.
HARRY WILL TOM .
COUNTY J AIL. CAMBR IDG E .
Towns and Their Descriptions .
CHAPTER VI .
LOCATION OF TOWNS—WAREHOUSE S—PORTS OF ENTRY—TOBACCOINS PECTORS—APPOINTMENTS .
At a session of the Assembly of Mary land, hel d at the
R idge,”in Anne Arunde l Coun ty, in O ctober and Novem
ber, 1683 , a Town B i l l was passed, wh i ch was in part as fo llows : “After the last day of August, 1685 , the towns, portsand places hereafter men t ioned in the several and respe ct ivecoun t ies wi thin th is prov ince shal l be the por ts and placeswhere all sh ips and vesse ls trading in to th is province shal lun load and put on shor e and sel l, barter and traffic away all
goods, wares and commodi t ies that shal l be impor ted intoth is province. And l ikewise, that all Tobacco , good s, waresand merchandise o f the growth, produ ct ion or manu factureof th is province in tended to be so l d here or transported ou t
of th is province, shal l be for that end and in tent brou ght tothe sai d Ports and places. That is to say, in the Coun ty of
and in Dor chester Coun ty, on Morgan’
s Land,near the head of F ishing Creek , in Litt le Choptank, and on
7Traverse his Land on the West s ide of the Nor th Westbranch of Transq uaking R iver, at or near the fork .
”
Comm issioners were appo in ted to purchase land and lay
out towns ; the Dorchester Comm iss ioners were MajorThomas Taylor , John B roo ks, Bageholomewe Ennalls, Capt .
Henry Tr ippe, Dan ie l C lark, Char les Hu t ch ins, Edward P ind er, John Po l lard , John Hudson
,An thony Dawson,
Thomas
Pat t ison , James Peterkin ,John Sal isbury, Thomas Hicks,
John Mackeele, John Alford , Henry Hooper, Jacob Lockerman
, John R ichardson ,R i chard Owen
,Wil l iam Dor r ing
ton, John Stephen s, Edward B ranno ck, and John Woodward, who were requ ired to meet be fore the 28th day of
60 H ISTOR Y OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
March, 1684,and purchase of some landowners one hundred
acres of land ; have surveyed and la i d Off town lo ts, streets,lan es, a l leys, and leave places for churches, chape ls, marke thouse and for o ther publ i c bu i ld ings ; and the balance dividein to one hundred lo ts . The own er who sold the land wasto have the first choi ce of on e lot, and no pe rson to purchasemore than on e lot with in the first fou r mon ths ; after thatt ime any person cou l d buy as many as he wan ted . Each lotown er was to bu i ld on e house not less than twenty fee t squarebefore the last day of August, 1685 . Each lot was assesseda year ly rent by the Propr ie tary of one penny curren t mo ney .
The charter regu lat ions for these towns con tain ed str i c tstorage and mar i t ime ru les too tediou s to men t ion , as these
places never developed in to ports o f mu ch trade or in ter est .In Apr i l , 1684, an Assembly Act was passed to lo cate a
town on Dan ie l Jones’ plan tat ion , on the sou th s i de of GreatChoptank R iver . In 1686 i t was named Cambr i dge .
By an addi t ional Act to the Act for Advan cemen t of Tradeand to the supp lemen tary to the same, passed O ctobe r 30 ,
1686, o ther towns were lo cated as fo l low s :“In Li tt le Chop
tank R iver, on B rooks’ Creek, at
‘N i cho las Marye’
s Poynt ,’
ca l led Is l ington ; and One other in Hungar R iver, on the
East si de , on Andrew P us leys’ neck, to be cal led B ristol l .”
I t was at that t ime found that some places were not su i tablefor town s, iviz
'“In Dorches ter Cou n ty, now common ly
cal led on Morgan ’
s land , near the head of
F ish ing Creek, in Li t t le Choptank , was“by th is Act to be
annu l led and untow ned . In September, town officers hadbeen appoin ted : For Cambr i dge, Maj. Thos . Taylor ; Dor se t,Edward P inder ; Yarmou th, Dr . John B rooks.
Warehouses were bu i l t at mos t o f these towns, wh i ch were
des i gned for por ts o f en try . In the warehou se-s bu i l t, imI
por ted merchandise, or goods to be exported (ch iefly to
bacco) , was stored . The sto rage charges on tobacco per
hogshead was ten pounds of tobacco each yea r .
Though town s i tes wer e loc ated , namely, Dor chester,Islingto
-n, B ristol l, Yarmou th
,Cambr i dge, and o thers, non e
grew beyond smal l sh ip-ping po in ts, where tobaccp was ex
TOBACCO IN SPE CTORS 61
ported from governmen t warehou ses— except Cambr i dge,wh i ch was la i d out in 1687, and to wh i ch the Cou n ty Courtwas transferred from. the town of Dorse t in that year .
In 170 7 a Town Act tha t abandon ed some tow ns and
au thor i zed laying o ut others was pass ed .
1
One hundred acres was la i d ou t for a town on a po in tcal led Ph i l ips
’ Po in t, on the nor th si de o f F ish ing Creek,in Hungar R iver .
Litt le Yarmou th,
on Transq uaking R iver, was aband oned .
At a session of the Assembly, began November 2 1, 1763 , anAct was passed amending the Tobacco Laws of the State ,
that designated the lo cat ion of the houses, salar ies of in spectors
,and .method of appo in tmen ts . The loc at ion of the
warehouses in Dorchester, number o f inspectors for each, and
the amoun t o f the ir salary, are here given :
“David Melvill’
s Warehouse, on e inspector ; sa lary, 880 0lbs . Tobac co .
“At Hun t ing Creek, on e inspe ctor, lbs . Tobacco .
East si de of Nor th West Fork of Nant i coke, aboveCrotcher
’
s Ferry,”one inspe ctor , 40 0 0 lbs. Tobacco .
At the late Henry E nnalls’ J r . , his warehouse, at ChoptankFerry, one inspe ctor, 960 0 lbs . Tobacco .
“Edward Wh i te’
s Warehou se, on Lit t le Choptank, one
inspe ctor, 960 0 lbs . Toba cco .
“At P lymou th Warehouse , on F ish ing Creek, on e inspec
tor, 4800 lbs . Tobacco .
“At Vienna town , on the land o f Joshua Edmon dson, one
inspec tor, 480 0 lbs. Tobacco .
1At the same session a Town-Port Act was passed that defined d istr icts for ports o f en try , touch ing Dorchester County , as follow s :
“That
all towns, r ivers , creeks in Talbot County , and town s, r ivers , creeks and
coves in Great Choptank and Little Choptank R ivers in Dorchester Countyand Kent I sland in Queen Anne ’
s County , shall be d eemed and taken to
be members of the Port of Oxford . Al l of Somerset and the remain ing
part of Dorchester County to be members of the Port of Green H i ll , inW icomico R iver . All commanders o f sh ips or vessels Shall enter the ir
sh ips w ith the Naval o fficers and Co l lectors of the several d istricts wherethey design to r ide and un load .
”
62 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
TOBACCO INSPECTORS HOW APPOINTED .
The several and respect ive vestrymen and church wardensof every par ish were requ ired to meet at the ir respect ivechurches between the first and ten th day of September, everyyear, to nom inate and recommend to the Governor , four or
two able and efficien t plan ters, we l l ski l led in tobacco,for
each and every inspectioIn with in the ir pari sh . The certifi
cates of recommendat ion thus made were forwarded to the
Governor, who then made the appo in tments.
The first publ i c warehouse at Vienna was bu i lt in 1762 .
About th is year i t was made a por t of en try.
CHAPTER V I I .
CAMBRIDGE .
DE SCRIPTIVE LOCATION—COMME RCIAL ADVANTAGE S AND FACILITIE S—ORIGINAND EARLY H I STORY—SOCIAL P ROMINENCE—COLONIAL BU I LDINGS—OLD
JAIL—DORCHE STE R HOUSE .
This charm ing l it t le q ity— Cambr idge— th-e county seat ofDor chester Coun ty, is wel l si tuated on the sou th S ide of
Great Choptank R iver, about fifteen m i les from ChesapeakeBay. The c ity is d iv ided in to East and West Cambr idgeby Cambr i dge Creek, forme r ly ca l led Hughes
’ Creek, wh i chen ters the Choptank, a beaut i fu l r i ver about two mi les widea t th is poin t . The mouth Of this creek forms a fine harborfor large and Sma l l vessels.
Steam and sai l ing vessels carry a valuab le and extensivecommer ce between Cambri dge and Ba l t imore and other
por ts. I t is the sou thern term inus of the Cambr i dge and
Seaford Ra i lroad, wh ich connects with the De laware Division of the P . R . R
'
. at Seaford,Del .
,that
,
affords rapidtransi t for fre igh t and passengers be tween Cambr i dge and
Ph i lade lph ia, New York and other po in ts. Th is metropo l isof the Eastern Shore of
'
Maryland has a bright future for ad
van cemen t in trade, manufactur ing, and growth in popula
t ion .
ITS EARLY H ISTORY.
The. developmen t of Cambri dge in Co lon ial days was the'
resu l t of a s low but exce l len t work of a notable people of
var iou s nat ional i t ies, with Engl ish predom inat ing.
In Apr i l, 1684, an Act of Assembly was passed at The
R i dge,
”in Anne Arunde l Coun ty, to locate a town on Dan ie l
Jones’
P lan tat ion, on the sou th si de of Great Choptank
64 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
R i ver . In 1686 a supplemen tary Act was passed for bu i ld
ing a court house there . Thomas Taylor was appoin ted
town o ffi cer, and the town named Cambr i dge . By dele
gated author i ty, Thomas Taylor con tracted with An thony
Dawson to bu i ld the Court House ,wh i ch he d id , and wh i ch
was o ccupied by the Cou rt in 1687 . Previous to th is t ime i t
appears that John Kirk had purchased o f Dan ie l Jones the
one hundred acres upon wh i ch au thor i ty had been given to
bu i ld a town . Kirk soo n la i d out a number of town lo ts on
each side o f High Street , from the r iver, beyond the Cou rt
Hou se s i te . At th is per iod o f the town’
s h istory on ly two
streets were men t ioned ,High and Poplar Stree ts .
With the possibi l i ty o f be ing a port of en try , where a warehouse wou l d be bu i l t for the storage o f imported goo ds and
produ cts for export , ch iefly tobacc o , and with the influen ce of
the Coun ty Cou rt and court officers, st i l l, town growth was
slow for some years, as is shown by the low pr i ce o f town
lo ts, and the very l im i ted number o f houses bu i l t . Abou t
the t ime the Cou rt was establ ished, Kirk made sa le of a few
lo ts.
“He sold to Charles Wr ight the lot adjo in ing the Par
ish Church, ca l led the‘Marke t P lace,
’
supposed to be the‘
Sulivane House ;’
o thers to Arthur Wh i te ley, Thomas Nev
ett, Hugh Ecc leston , and to J ohn Woo l ford .
”
In wri t ing a br ief h istory of Cambr i dge, i t is a pleasure
to quo te from t he bi—cen tenn ia l address of Col . James Wal
lace, de l i vered Ju ly 4, 1884, whose wo rds so beau t i fu l ly piqture the town l i fe of its peop le for a long per iod in colon ia l
days
Fro-m 170 0 to 1776 the town grew very slowly, but its
popu lat ion was very select and soc iety h igh ly po l ished .
Here were lo cated the Judges of the Court, the clerks, the
lawyers, the physi c ian s, the teachers— the cu l t ivated peop le
of the land . Hither came thos e who sought asylum and
rest ; some from sunny Fran ce, flee ing from persecut ion after
the revocat ion of the edi ct of Nan tes, some from O ld E ng
EARLY SETTLERS 65
land, some from Virgin ia,som e from Scot land and the green
Emerald Isle . Here rest the bon es o f him who fo l lowed thePr in ce of Orange in his lon g struggle with Lou is X IV .
Men trod these stree ts who fo l lowed the fortun es of the
great Duke of Mar lborough ; who heard the thunder of the
batt le of B lenheim ; who heard the shou t of John Sobieskiand his ga l lant Po les under the wa l ls of Vienna and Buda ;who saw the wonderfu l career of Peter the Great ; whowatqhed with br eath less in terest that fiery come t of the
North wh i ch swept over Europe from the cold and inhospit
able regions o f Sweden,that shat tered the kingdom of P 0
land and la i d the crown of Augustus in the dust . Theyheard the rumbl ing of the coming earthquake that shook thewor l d in 1776 and broke the shackles of a thousand years .
But they were too far off to be invo lved in the vortex of
those great events . They came here to rest , and they found
i t ; they l ived the l i fe of gen t lemen of the olden t ime . They
were ga l lant,ch iva lr i c
, po l i te, cu l t ivated and hospi table ;they had no ma i ls, no newspapers, no po l i t i cs, no heated d is
cussion s ; the-
y devoted themse lves to l i terature and le isu re .
”
After the restorat ion of Lord Ba l t imore’
s Proprietaryr ights in the provin ce, in 17 15 , an era of prosper i ty fol lowed .
Farmers ra ised and sol d profitable crops of tobacco ,and
rapid ly acqu ired weal th from the produ cts. of slave lab-or .
Soon that class of farmers ret ired and set t led in Cambr i dge
to enjoy the comfor ts of prosper i ty and town so c ie ty . They
were fam i l ies of attract ive mo ral for ces and possessed many
character ist i c virtues tha t mo lded a so.C1ety, ar isto crat i c and
refined . Some of thos e influen t ia l town and coun ty se t t lers
who first came were the LeComptes, Hoo p-ers, Stevenses,
Taylors, Hod sons, Garys. B rookses, Dorr ingto-ns, Po l lards,
Staplefor ts, and o thers from Ca lvert and o ther count ies, and
Jacob Lo ckerman ,from New Amsterdam . These were
sooner or later re in for ced by o ther prom inen t fam i l ies— the
E nnallses, Traverses, McK ee ls, R i chardsons, Harr ison s,
Hutchinses, Stee les, Neavetts,Hen rys, Go ldboroughs, Su l i
66 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
vanes, Stewarts, Mart ins, Muses, Murrays,Tr ippes, Baylys,
Burnses, B ryans, Pages and D ixo-ns, and st i l l o thers with
tastes and ta len ts that made Cambr i dge the most pi cturesque
tow n in Maryland in the e ighteen th cen tury . In th is per iodthere came some scho larly men who inaugurated h igher
l i terary tra in ing. Fro-m th is splendid combinat ion of per
sona l atta inmen ts,inher i ted from a dist ingu ished and nob le
ancestry of Europe , or the Isles of B r i tain,in some of whom
flowed the blood of heroe s in war, and in o thers. the b lood
of martyrs, there descended men and women in Cam
br idge, with noted ab i l i ty and splend id gen ius, who occupied
h igh posi t ions in pub l i c and pr ivate l i fe ; of them we note
fore ign m in isters, learned lawyers, ski l led physi c ians, emi
nen t jur ists, d is t ingu ished theo log ians, an d honored gover
nors and statesmen, and last, but by far not the least, ladies
of rare accompl ishmen ts— ma i ds and matron s, typi ca l queens
in so c iety and home l i fe— mode ls and mo l d-ers of character
that le ft the ir l i fe impr ession s on bro thers and sisters, sons
and daugh ters.
COLON IAL BU ILD INGS .
On ly a few of the o ld bu i ld ings that were the homes of
Cambri dge cOIlo-n ists. now remain in the original . To be re
mode led or
'
removed has been their fate , and with them has
d isappeared the first jai l, bu i l t in Cambr idge o f br i cks brought
from England soon after the Cou n ty Cou rt was establ ished
in 1687 .
The cr im inal h istory o f the many pr ison ers con fined in tha t
l i t t le jai l with in a hundred years on ly the d im o ld records of
the Court can te l l . Its cooperat ive agen c ies o f pun ishment
— the wh ipping-post and pi l lory, with the ir h istory of in
fl icted bru tal i ty, have lon g disappeared from publ i c view and
memory under modified forms of cr im inal law . So far as
is now known on ly one pr ison er was ever confined in that
OLD COUNTY GAOL. CAMBRIDG E .
68 H I STOR Y OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
the exc lusive educat ion of his aristo crat i c daughters . In
con siderat ion of the edu cat ion of the se girls, Scot t prom isedMr . Bayly that he shou ld have his board, the use of his books,and su cceed him in pract i ce . The gir ls, I am to l d, were very
pl ian t, tractable, and subm issive to scholar ly d iscipl ine, yetthey wou ld not eat at the table w i th him , because, forsoo th,
they looked upon h im as a h ire l ing for wages . Nevertheless,Bayly became the first Attorney—Genera l of Maryland, and
a terror to every evi l-doer, for he was a ver i table gian t in thetemple of just i ce .
”
The compos i te bu i ld ing of the Dorchester House was
constru cted by an Englishman by the name of Harr ison ,
who brought al l of its mater ia l from Englan d . Tradit ion
seem-s to have establ ished the fact that Engl ish sh ips came
with in the en c losures of th is place, for they had a bri ck ware
house in the same en closure , and wh i ch was to rn down abou t
ten years ago . But what was the nature and character of
the trade between these ear ly set t lers and England, we are
left a lmost en t irely to con j ectura l specu lat ion, except the
exportat ion of tobacco .
Th is house having passed from Harr ison to Scott, we now
find i t in pos sess ion of the ce lebrated Dr . Joseph Muse,
whom Pro f . B enjam in Gi l lman , of Ya le Un ivers i ty, men t ions
as worthy of a place in the laboratory of sc ien t ific men . B e ing
a man of great possessions, and having become pi qued with
Dr . Wh i te , he marred the beau ty o f th is place to a great
exten t by bu i ld ing a drug store in oppos i t ion to Dr . Wh i te
for the curtai lmen t o f his profits.
He then vacated and passed over to Gay Stree t , and bu i l t
the ce lebrated “cast le, in whose i cy hal ls many a lover has
be en glad to rece ive , when‘kn ighthood was in flow er
,
’
the
co ld sm i les of a pass ing glan ce .
”
We now find the charaq ter o f the place has been changed,and that i t is no longer a pr ivate resi dence, but is used by the
trave l ing publ i c . Thomas Wh i te, a loca l Democ rat i c po l i
tician,con verts i t in to a hote l, and makes i t headquarters for
DORCHESTER HOUSE . CAMBR IDG E .
THE OLD DORCH ESTER HOUSE 69
the Democracy, and cal ls i t the Dor chester House P lutonever had more absolute sway in h is region s than the Dem
o cracy had in these environmen ts . I t was not safe for a
Wh ig to ven t i late h imse l f in these quarters, especial ly on a
publ i c day, when the Demo crat i c! sh ip was under fu l l pressure o-i steam . I have Seen the stalwart Henry May standingunder its port i co addressing the D emoc racy, and at the same
t ime defian t ly chal lenging John Causean ,through the l iking
o f party, to meet him in jo in t d iscussion .
Inte l lectual ly, th is wou ld have been a“bat t le of the gian ts,
but had the Ojreat Cause
-an accepted th is cha l lenge and va
cated the Cou rt Hou se,he and his cohorts wou ld have been
l ike the war horse rush ing to destruct ion in at tempt ing to
storm the ci tade l of Demo cracy. They kn ew too we l l thatthe Demo crats had on the ir war pain t , and that the-y weregame to the back bone , with in the ir own enc losures .
In the d iatr ibes. upon the Const i tu t ional Conven t ion of
1850 , the Wh igs were invi ted to a joi n t d iscuss ion of the
measures of that pe riod for a who le week upon the Dor ches
ter Green . Governor Hicks, Dr . Phelps , Joseph E . Muse,
and B en Jackson kept the po l i t i ca l cal dron bo i l ing everyafternoon and even ing to su ch an exten t that the pass ion sof the peop le ran wi ld with exci temen t .I t was here that Governor Hicks was branded with the
sobr ique t, King Ca sar, and B en Jackson with that of Litt lePoney . The Demo crats forever a fterwards os tens ibly d e
precated the po l i t i ca l power o f such a man , and in the irspeeches sai d for sooth, we love Caesar, bu t w e love Rome
more . The D emo cracy in these quarters a lways ra ised a
h i ckory po le and flung their co lors to the breeze . In thosedays the passions o f the pe op le were a lways inflamed in the
campaigns of po l i t i ca l exci temen t to such an exten t that
they pa i d very l i t t le at ten t ion to the“re tort c‘ourteous, but
were adepts in pe rsona l abuse . But st i l l , in 185 2 , when
Dan iel Webster died , the D emo crats lowered their flag at
hal f-mast for the fal len statesman,who had led a for lorn hope
of a President ia l nom inat ion in that cri sis .
70 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
The great po l i t i ca l ch iefta in lay dead at thei r feet, and
the sad valedi ct ion had hardly be en pronounced at his gravewhen all that was left of the earth ly rema ins of the o ld Wh ig
party en tered the house ofmou rn ing for the last t ime . Thus
d ied the grea t Webster, and he fe l l l ike the co lossus of the
ages in the temple of fame . There i t was that the l ight of
the last star of hope forever wen t out in the counci ls of po l i t i
cal wisdom to perpe tuate the fosterlng care of a great po l i t i
cal party . And thus endeth the first chapter of the Dor
chester Hou se with its inc iden ta l connect ion with the Demo
crat i c party .
CHAPTER VI I I .
CAMBRIDGE TOWARDS THE RE VOLUTION—MILITARY HEADQUARTE R S DURINGTHE REVOLUTION—PEACE FUL ATTITUDE AFTE R THE WAR—CHANGE S MADEBY CIVIL WAR—STIMULATED ENTE RPRI SE—TOWN DE VELOPMENT, AND
INDUSTRIAL GROWTH— SOCIAL ORDE RS- NEW SPAPE RS—CHURCHE S .
In 1745 , Cambr i dge was incorporated by Act of Assembly, but st i l l slowly advan ced in growth and popu lat ion pr iorto the Revolu t ion ary per iod . At the t ime of its incorporat ion , a san i tary measure or nu isan ce -aba temen t Act was
passed, that proh ibi ted the raising of sw ine and geese in thetown . In 1750 , in respon se to a pet i t ion, pe rm ission was
given to lease the church land of Great Choptank Par ish byconsen t of a major i ty of the vestrymen . Prior to th is per iod ,
throughou t i t, and for years that fo l low ed, the Assembly of
Maryland was abso lu te in au thor i ty over the people . The
Assembly pro ceed ings are massive vo lumes of pe t i t ions for
publ i c pr ivi leges and persona l l ibert ies . Langu ish ing
pr isoners”in
" gao l” for debt , burdensome taxat ion . for the
suppor t of the Proprietary governmen t and the Church,werenot in publ i c favor ; and when Engl ish taxat ion was addit iona l ly impo sed , the independen t spir i t of Cambri dge people wasr ipe for revol t . The leading ci t i zens o f the town ,
influen t ialin the revo lu t ionary conven t ion s and Counci l of Safety,ma deCambr i dge headquarters for m i l i tary operat ions on the E astern Shore dur ing the War for Independen ce . A number of
brave sold iers and d ist ingu ished o fficers from Cambr i dgeserved in the Con t inen tal Army wi th great valor under themost trying pr ivat ions, un t i l rel ie f came
,e i ther by death
in bat t le, or the c lose of the long confl icit.
After the close o f the war, with the restorat ion o f an ac
t ive fore ign and domest i c trade, the weal th ier of the town inhabi tan ts resumed the ir former habi ts of luxury and ease in
splend id hom es ami d beau t i fu l surround ings, large ly on the
72 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
revenues der ived from S lave labo r . In th is way they con t inued to l ive and pr osper unt i l the resu l ts o f the great C iv i lWar so radi ca l ly changed the condi t ions o f labo r that laten tenergy was forced into act ive efforts under the law of neces
sity . Th is business activitv of compu lsion , a i ded by the influences of traffic in army suppl ies, where money was rap
i d ly made, st imu lated en terpr ise in a new town growth, andopened and en larged avenues for comme rce with the wor ld,wh i ch led to the
'
d evelopment of
MODERN CAMBRIDGE .
In 1799 the town was resurveyed, new streets and townlo ts were then la i d out abou t as they now are, except Eastand West Cambri dge, wh i ch have been bu i l t up S in ce 1860 ,
when the to ta l popu lat ion of the town was abou t twe lvehundred .
The new channe ls of trade and business advantages established soo n after the close of the C iv i l War were increased .
Steamboa t l ines, the complet ion of the Dor chester and De laware Ra i lroad to Cambri dge , and the open ing of te legraphcommu n i cat ion ,
wh i ch invi ted apt en terpr ise to: start a greaterbu i ld ing and business boom in the town .
The first te legraph l ine to Cam-br i dge was secured by Mr.
W . Wilson Byrn, then presi den t of the new ra i lroad, whomade terms with the Western Un ion , by wh i ch the peoplein the coun ty furn ished the po les a lon g the rai lroad and paidfor the wire, wh i ch the telegraph company put up and ope r
ated .
The l im i ts of th is book wi l l not pe rm i t the naming of the
many enterpr ises, and by whom pro j ected in“ Cambr idge,
even in the days of its mo dern growth , but some wi l l be men
tioned to convey an i dea of the l ines of town progress.
In 1869 the first large manu factur ing industry was established on the East s i de o f Cambr idge Creek, lo cated on a si teof abo u t ten acres of land bou ght by a gen t leman from New
Jersey . Large lumber and flour m i l ls were bu i l t there and
operated under the managemen t of J . W . Crow e l l Co . ,
TH E OYSTER INDUSTR Y 73
whose business amoun ted to abou t a year, in supplying wh i te oak t imber to the Cen tra l Pac ific Ra i lroad, forcar bu i ld ing ; and the packing of hundreds of barrels o f flour .
This plan t was destroyed by fire in 1877, when the firm in cor
porated under the name of the Cambr i dge Manu facturingCompany, who rebu i l t the pla nt, and has been operat ing itever sin ce .
Shipbu i ld ing that had been large ly carr ied on by James A.
Stewart , who began in 1849, to bu i ld large coast ing vesse ls,was, with some in terva ls, ciontinued by differen t bu i lders,un t i l d iscon t inued by J . W . Crowe l l, who bu i l t a numbero f large vesse ls, and sh ipped the frames of many vesse ls tobe bu i l t e lsewhere, un t i l the supp ly of wh i te oak t imber near
Cambr i dge, su i tab le for sh ipbu i ld ing, was near ly exhausted .
Next, harbor improvemen ts and en terpr ise s were begun .
John Lowe bu i l t a whar f where the mar ine rai lway now is .
Co l . James Wal lace a lso bu i l t a wharf where vesse ls dire-ctfrom England had discharged their foreign cargo es and
loaded tobacco for export a hundred and fi fty years ago .
There he bu i l t a cannery and commenced fru i t cann ing . In
1874 he commen ced packing oysters ; the first to start rawshu cking and steam packing of oysters in Cambr i dge .
Immediate ly fo l lowing, Wil l iam Ho-pkins and Will iamDavis bu i l t a mar ine rai lway, to wh i ch Jo seph H . Johnsonadded a large sh ipyard after acqu ir ing the mar ine rai lway .
In th is decade of improvemen t a n ew coun ty ja i l was bu i l tin Cambr i dge, at a cost of abou t Its con struct ionwas none too soo n for the use of the town governmen t thathad to restr i c t the no isy clonduct of a new imm igrat ion ,
oyster dredgers, crews of oyster boats, ch iefly id le men fromcit ies, o ften ca l led
“tramps, that came every win ter and st i l lcome to dredge oysters to sup
-ply the demand of a great in
dustry establ ished at Cambr i dge , wh i ch next claims not i ce.
THE OYSTER INDUSTRY .
For the last th irty-five years, the cat ch ing, shucking and
sh ipping of oysters by the people of Cambr i dge has annual ly
74 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
in creased from very smal l beginn ings, un t i l the business isnow se cond to Ba l t imore
’
s oyster trade . I t has advancedthe prosper i ty and growth of Cambr i dge, as much as all the
o ther industries located there . Severa l hundred oystermen
l ive in the town , who own and command the ir oyster boats,of differen t c lasses and si zes . Abou t ei ght or n ine hundredoyster shu ckers, men , wom en and ch i ldren,
ch iefly color ed,are employed to open the oysters in a score o f o yster hou ses,managed and own ed by packers, amon g whom are the Cam
br i dge Packing COI
.,Choptank Oyster Packing Co ., Ma ce,
Wool ford Co . , I . L . Leonard Co .,Tubman Mil ls, J . J .
Ph i l l ips Co J . H . Ph i l l ip-s Co .,W . G . W interbo tto-mCo .
,W . H . Robins&Son, J . B . Harris&So-n ,Mi lford Ph i l l ips,
T . M!. B ramble Co . ,Levi B . Ph i l l ips Co . , Geo . A . Ha l l
Co . , Ju l ius Baker , Geo . W . Ph i l l ips Son,Wil l iam B lades
Sons, and o thers. Near ly a m i l l ion bushels of oysters are
annua l ly shucked at Cambr idge . Th e employmen t affordedby th is business with-in the last twen ty years has furn ishedthe mean s to provide n i ce, comfor table homes for severalhundred fami l ies, as wel l as for the ir support in th is thr i ftytown . The rapi d growth of oysters is marve lous, and the
exten t of the beds on ly bounded by the d istan t shores of the
Choptank and the Chesapeake . With proper managementthe oyster supp ly is exhaust less.
Cambri dge con tains 160 0 dwe l l ings, from the pla in. cottageto the pa lat ial mansion ; on e hundred and th irty stores, ingreat var ie ty, from the penny shop to the who lesa le hou se
of ci ty propor t ion s ; three Na t ional banks ; bu i ld ing and loan
assoc iat ions ; a bonded trust company, and splend i d scho ol
bu i ld ings for a thou sand ch i l dren . O ther en terpr ises o f public u t i l i ty are the Cambr i dge Water Company, capi tal sto ck ,
James Wa l lace, Presi den t ; the Cambr i dge Gas Com
pany, capi ta l sto ck, Dan ie l H . LeCompte, Presi
den t ; the Cambr idge Manu facturing Company (previous ly
men t ion ed) , capi ta l , James Wal lace, Presi den t ;the Cambr idge Sh irt Factory, A . J . Foble , Presi den t
and manager, employ ing one hundred and fi fty hands ; and
INDUSTRIE S OF CAMBRIDGE 75
five large fru i t and vege table canneries, Operated by sepa
rate firms, name ly : James Wal lace Son, Roberts B ros , I .
L . Leonard Cot , T . M . B ramble Co . and Wool ford,Win terbo t tom Lewis. L . K . Warren and M essrs. Sherman
and Col l ins are each propr ietors of steam m i l ls for manu
facturing flour . S . L . Webs ter is manager of the WebsterFert i l i z ing Factory, where large quan t i t ies of agr i cu l turalmanures are made .
An extens ively used town telephone makes conn ect ion swith most o f the towns throughou t the Eastern Shore Pen insu la and Phi lade lph ia and Bal t imore . An opera house, withseat ing capaci ty of six hundred people, is a no table towncon ven ien ce.
The Un i ted Char i t ies Hospi tal is a large bu i ld ing, wh i chis fu l ly and we l l equ ipped for many pat ien ts, where the bestSki l l in medi cal sc ien ce and surgery is appl ied , equa l to the
Johns Hopkins standard or other first -class hospita ls. To
mee t the growing demand for hospi tal treatmen t, a new and
larger bu i ld ing is to be erected by pr ivate and State subs-cr ipt ions. The hospi ta l si te has been chosen and work on the
bu i ld ing wi l l soon be gin . Mr . John E . Hurst subscr ibed
The hotels in Cambr idge are modern in stru cture and
Splendidly managed . B raly’
s is a br i ck bu i ld ing with largeaccommod at ions. Co l . E . E . B raly, propr ietor .
Hotel D ixon , a new ho te l just comp leted, has every con
venience found in first—c lass c i ty hote ls. Lee Dixon,E sq .,
owner, and Mrs. A . N . N i cho las, manager . Co lone l B ra lybecame propr ie tor of Ho te l D ixon in Novembe r, 190 2 .
Cator’
s Hote l, under the popu lar manag emen t of ex-She
iff Thos. B . Cator, is we l l patron i zed .
Secret soc iet ies and benefici a l orders have se lect membersh ip of h igh and repu table standing . O f notable men t ionare the Cambr i dge Lod ge, No . 66, Mason s ; Kn ights of
Pyth ias, Independen t Ord er of Hep-tasophs, Independen t O r
d er of Odd Fe l lows,Royal Arcanum,
Jun ior Order Un i ted
Ameri can Mechan i cs and Chop tank Lodge of Red Men .
76 H I STOR Y OF DORC I'
I ESTER COUNTY
Musi cians are numerou s and o f fine musi ca l at tainments .
Three organ i zed bands pleas ingly render pathe t i c, patr io t i cor sen timen ta l ai rs, that move the publ i c heart and feel ingsas o ften as occasion requ ires.
CAMBRIDGE NEWSPAPERS .
The newspaper h istory of the town is here quoted fromthe best known au thori ty at hand .
The first newspaper pr in ted in Cambr idge, was The
Chronicle, wh i ch was issued, i t is sai d, in 182 1 . The nextto fo l low,
as we l l as we have been able to learn , was the
Dorchester Auror a, pub-lished by a Mr . Ca l lahan . The
Democrat and Dorchester Advertiser was establ ished abou t1840 ,
with John E . Tyler, edi tor and publ isher . W . H .
Bowdle next started The Democrat. Th is was fol lowedby The Amer ican Eagle, Ruben S . Ta l l, publ isher. Lateron i t passed to the manageme n t of George W . Jefferson .
Handy and Ba l lard succeeded Mr . Bowdle in publ ish ing TheDemocrat, bu t when the C iv i l War began they wen t Sou thand left the publ i cat ion in the hands of Mr . Lou is E . Barrett,foreman o f the Office . Mr . Bow dle again en tered the fie l dof journal ism and started The Herald , and at th is t ime we
learn there were three papers publ ished there .
Abou t 1865 , The Herald passed in to the hands o f R . K .
Winbrow . Later Chas. E . Hayward became the propri etor,and when he was e lected State
’
s Attorney, so ld i t to Co l .
George E . Aust in and Dr . d’
Unger, who a lso bought the
o ld Democrat and con so l idated the two und er the name of
The Democrat and Herald . The Amer ican E agle was so ld byMr . Jefferson to Levin E . Straughn , who changed its name
to The Intelligencer . The Chron icle was suspen ded on severa lo ccasions, but reestabl ished again and aga in , and at one t imewas owned and pub l ished by the late Judge Chas . F . Go l ds
borough . The l ntelligencer , just after the war, passed in to the
hands of Rev . T . Burton,then back to the Straughn fam i l y ,
and was final ly suspe nded . In 1879 H enry Straughn and
James E . Reese started The Dorchester E ra, now owned and
BAPTIST MISS ION CHURCH. CAMBRIDGE .
78 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
E . Church and other bu i ld ings and invo lv ing a loss of many
thousands of do l lars.
The secon d fire o ccurred Ju ly 30 , 1892 . F i fteen bu i ld ingswere burnt, in c luding two ho te ls, two newspaper offi ces, on eNat ional bank, several stores and dwe l l ings. The est imatedloss was
A CITY OF FINE CHURCHES .
Chr ist Pro testan t Epi scopa l Church was first erected in
1693 , rebu i l t in 1794, and was destroyed by fire with manyo ther bu i ld ings in November, 1882 . The presen t fine edifice
was completed in 1883 , at a cost of Rev. T . Carter
Page is the presen t rector .
Z ion M . E . Church was bu i l t in 1845 , and rebu i l t in 188 1
of ston e and is a structure of mod ern arch i tecture. Rev.
E . C . Macn ichol is the pr esen t pastor .
Grace MLE . Church Sou th, was bu i l t in 1882 . I t is a
fine stone edifice o f e legan t des ign and fin ish . The presen t
pastor is Rev . R . T . Waterfield .
St . Pau l’s M . P . Church, a wood en bu i ld ing lo cated inEast Cambr i dge, was bu i l t in 1882 . The pastor is Rev .
S . B . Tredway .
The F irst Bapt ist Church, a neat and at tract ive bu i l d ing,is located in West Cambr i dge, and was bu i l t in 1884. Rev.
W . S . B . Ford, of Sou th Caro l ina, is the pastor .
Mary Re fuge of Sinners,”a Roman Catho l i c church was
bu i l t in 1894, to replace on e bu i l t there in 1885 . This parishchurch and others in the coun try are in charge of Father
Dougherty, recent ly appo inted by B ishop Monaghan .
From Cambr i dge, a charm ing ci ty of flow er—gardens,shaded streets and modern bu i ld ings that co l lect ive ly deco~
rate a we l l se lected town loc at ion ; a spot of the Red M en’s
cho i ce where they bu i l t the ir wigwams cen turies ago ; and
from its presen t commerc ial and industr ial act ivit ies, we turnto other towns in the coun ty that have had less advan tagesand made slow er prog ress.
GRACE M. E . CHURCH SOUTH. CAMBRIDGE .
CHAPTER I X .
VIENNA.
The date when the town of V ienna, in Dorchester Coun ty,was founded by Act of Co lon ial Assemb ly has not been d iscovered in the Arch ives of Maryland, in e i ther the pr in tedor wri t ten records. After weeks of tediou s research, however, i t has been ascertained that i t was a town for some
years prior to 1709, when a“Chapel of Ease
”was bu i l t there,
very conven ien t for some people, but not sat isfactory to
o thers, as is shown by the fol low ing pet i t ion presen ted to
the Governor and Cou nci l o f Maryland, at a session he ld in1728 .
“The pet i t ione rs of many of the inhab itan ts in Dorche ster
County, of Great Choptank Parish,most humbly sheweth ;
that in the sai d Par ish the Church thereo f is pla ted on the
side of Choptank R iver, a great d istance from your Pet itioners, so that they cou ld not possib ly attend God
’
s worsh ip.
“That you r pet i t ioners in regard to the great d istan ce to
the Par ish Church aforesai d,d id on or abou t the year 1709,
by the assistan ce of the then ves try, and the ir own con tribu
tions obta in a Chape l of Ease si tuated in V ienna Town , bythe Nan t i cok e R i ver on the other side o f the Parish aforesai d
“Notwithstand ing the peaceab le en joyment of the saidchape l ever si n ce, as we l l as con ven ien t si tuat ion of i t, several endeavours hath be en made to remove the same to the
great in conven ien ce of y ou r pet i t ioners, and since those
endeavours have hereto been frustrated by a su i table opposit ion, so you r pet i t ion ers were in hope s of rest ing easy and
qu iet in the use of the sai d Chape l for the future .
“But so i t is, May i t please your Exce l len cy and Honors ;
the Ves try of the sai d Par ish of late,to the great surprise
80 H I STORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
o f your Pet i t ion ers did make an appoin tment to meet at a
certain place in order to choose a piece of land , and con tractwi th workmen to erec t ano ther Chape l of Ease not distan tfrom the former, abou t five m i les, wh i ch accordingly theyhave done ; a l though there is no in terven ing creek, cove,branch o r swamp be tween them whereby the peop le may be
in commoded in the ir passage ; by wh i ch means, your Pet ition ers a l though not at presen t, may hereafter by such a
me thod be depr ived of the above sa i d Chape l at Vienna,
wh i ch they have so long enjoyed .
“The prem ises con si dered, you r pe t i t ionershumbly en treat
such re l ief here in as may preven t the Vestry erect ing the new
Chape l . The secur ing.and rep
-air ing the old , or su ch ordersand determ inat ions in th is ma t ter as in you r great wisdoms
may be for the qu iet and ease o f you r pet i t ioners in the ir
possess ion of the ir Chape l and prev en t ing design ing personsgiving them uneasiness therein for the fu ture .
“And your Pe t i t ion ers as in duty bo und shal l pray .
E . D . W . El l io tt , John Edwards,
J ohn Hur ley, Robert Dyas,Roger Hu r ley Thomas Tacke t,Darby Hur ley, Mich’l Stockd ell
Morr is McK enney, I saac Char les,Roger B radley, Joseph Hurst,Thomas Go lson ,
John Lamey,James Baker, Robert D ixon ,
Char les Sm i th, Wm . Rawley, J un .
John Creeke, J no . Quartermas,
Wil l iam Sm i th,
P at. Quartermas ,
J ohn Min isk,Maur i ce Rawley,
Will iam Guy, Wil l iam Rawley,Nath . Mitche l, So lomo n Davis,And . Lord, H enry Parks
Capt . Johnathan Hooper 2 d,Jacob Char les,
May Lew . Hicks, Wm . Thornew ell,
Capt . Thos . Hicks, James Jon es,
VIENNA A PORT OF ENTR Y 81
Wm ,Ho l loway, Mathew C lark
,
Thomas Dyas, James Rawley,Henry Dyas, Leonard Jones, Sr .
Ordered that the c lerk of this Board give no t i ce to the
Gen t lemen of the Vestry o f th is pe t i t ion , and that they may
at tend to be heard to the con ten ts thereo f at the t ime of the
meet ing o f the next Assembly, wh i ch order issued accordingly .
”
OTHER CHURCH REFERENCES .
In 172 5 an Act was passed to invest the vestry o f GreatChop-tank Par ish with an estate in fee simple, viz : Two acreso f land out o f a parce l of 15 acres lai d ou t for publ i c use at
th e town of Vienna, whereo-n the chape l was bu i l t . Manyyears a fter the chape l had been abandoned for church wor
sh ip,its o ld bri ck wa l ls were the ch ief memor ia ls of that cem
etery then r i ch wi th the ashes of the dead . Now let teredtablets of stone erected there in later years make i t as sacreda spo t to -day as i t was nearly two centur ies ago .
In the year 1730 (see Lib. L.,No . 5 , Fo l . the bou nds
of th is pa r ish lot are given as fol lows :B eginn ing at the N . E . corner of the chape l aforesai d and
runn ing east to Wil l iam E nnalls’ di t ch ; then sou th 38 d eg .
west 12 perches ; then wes t 38 d eg . north 2 0 perche s ; north
38 d eg . east 16 perches ; then east 38 d eg . south 2o perchesto the sai d d i tch ; then bound ing therewi th un t i l i t in tersectsthe aforesai d east l ine drawn from sai d Chapel, con ta in ing2 acres of land .
”
WHEN MADE A PORT OF ENTRY .
In Apri l, 1762 , an Act was passed to bu i ld a publ i c warehou se at Vienna . An Act for amend ing the Tobacco Lawswas passed in 1763 , that designated places for warehousesand officers
’
sa lar ies ; and named on e locat ion on the land of
Joshua. Edmondson , at Vienna. Town . The salary of the
Inspector was 480 0 lbs . of tobacco .
6
82 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
In 1768, in a let ter from Robert Jenkins Henry to Gov
ernor Sharp, referen ce is made to Mr . Herro-n’
s appl i cat ion
to move the Co l lector’
s o ffice from W icoc omoco , at Green
Hil l to Nan t i coke as the cen tre of trade. The indu cement
be ing his removing his residen ce from Wicocomoco , in
Somerset Cou n ty, to Dorchester Cou n ty, where he had pur
chased a. tract o f land . The wr i ter en tered in to a d iscussion
to prove where the ri vers and cjreeks ran in to the bay as the
place to lo cate”the offi ce for co l lect ion of cu stoms ; after
wh i ch he pr o ceeds ;“shou ld the Custom House be moved to
Vienna, i t wou ld by no mean s be conven ien t for the trade
in genera l . True,more o f the common trade goes in to the
Nan t i coke than any o f the o ther r ivers in the distr i ct .”
The exact date of the format ion of Vienna in to a Custom
Distr i c t is not known ,but was probably abou t the year 1768.
In 1776 i t was a thr iv ing place . During the War of Inde
penden ce, a B r i t ish gun -boa t ascended the Nan t i coke R iver,and threw sho t in to the town . In O ctober, 178 1, two B r i t ish
barges with crews of th irty men at tacked the town and burn t
a new br ig on the stoc ks there . One of the Dorchester m i l i
tia, Levin Dorsey, was ki l led by the B r i t ish in one of these
at tacks. He was the on ly man who lost h is l i fe on Dor
chester so i l in bat t le, dur ing the stormy days o f the Revolu
t ion .
The V ienn ians were patr io t i c, they formed a m i l i t ia com
pany for home defen ce, wh i ch was commanded by o fficers
who-m they d id not l ike, and a major i ty o f them pe t i t ion edthe Comm i t tee o f Safety for an o fficia l change .
In 18 12 the town was prepared for defen ce against B r i t ish
aggression s. B rea st wo rks were thrown up at the saw-m i l lwharf and guns we re moun ted . A company of m i l i t ia wasorgan i zed and equ ipped ready for servioe . Gun—boats of theB r i t ish were frequent ly in sight o f the town, but made no
attack, un less throwing an occasional sho t at long range be
so regarded .
84 H I STORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
b les ; Wil l iam Hearn , cabinet maker ; Garretson Sewe l l ;ta i lor ; Burton Hearn
,whee lwri ght ; B r i tain Robinson , car
penter ; Samue l Keys, shoe maker ; Capt . I saac Kenner ly ; Eli
sha Col l ins, carpen ter ; Mrs . Jacobs and two daughters ; Squ ireGeo . A . Z . Sm i th
,Rev . Eno ch Bai ley, schoo l teacher ; Wil l iam
Jackson ; Dr . Jackson ; Jacob Insley, constable ; John T . Gray,undertaker, and Noah Foxwe l l . Hoope r C . Hicks and Zachar iah Webster l ived on the ir farms adj o in ing the town . There
were some fam i l ies in the place of pure Afri can type who hadthe respe ct and con fidence of the ir wh i te ne ighbor s . O fthese were Hooper Jol ly, Aaron Hews and Mary Moo re .
H ews was. a b lacksm i th who was acciden tal ly ki l l ed by the
co l lapse of his shop. Al l of the above-name d town and subur
ban Ci t izens, with o thers,whose names are not here in given
(except R i chard and Weathers Smi th) , have pas se d onwardto the end of l i fe’
s jou rney, wh i ther all descend to that co-m~
mon plane of lone ly ret irement— the grave .
B efor e Vienna was a town ,Hoo-pe rsvi lle stood adjo in ing
the Vienna si te on the Hicks farm near the“Sycamore
whe re the boys have gone swimm ing fo r cen tur ies . As lateas 1850 the foundat ion s of a. store and warehou se were trace~
able ; the evidence o f its existen ce now is legendary .
A br i dge was au thor i zed to be bu i l t at Vienna in 1828 thatspanned the Nan t i coke from the Dorchester shore to. the
Somerset ; i t had a“draw” that con sisted of two sect ions
wh i ch were ho isted to upr ight pos i t ions. almos t vert i cal , toadm i t the passing o f sai l and steam vesse ls through the
br i dge, and lowered to close the draw for trave l over i t . I twas su ch a menace to navigat ion that i t was removed in 1860 .
A ferry has be en establ ished across the r i ver as a subst i tutefor the br i dge
,wh i ch connect s with a causeway over a m i le
long acros s a treacherou s ma rsh on the Wicom i co si de of the
r iver . The marsh reminds u s. of Squ ire Geo . J . Z . Smi th , a
nat ive o f Sou th Caro l ina, who set t led at Vienna abou t e ightyyears ago . He spen t his money l ibera l ly in co nstru ct ing r i cefie lds in the marsh n ea r Indian—town Creek . He dug what
is cal led “Sm i th’
s Ditch from the ma in land to the Nan t i
COLLE CTORS OF THE PORT OF VI ENNA 85
coke ; s in ce then the t ides have washed i t deep and wide . H is
experime n t fai led ; the seasons of hot weather were not suf
fic iently lon g to rip-en the r i ce .
Mr. R i chard Smi th, o f Bal t imore, a nat ive of Vienna, who
was during the Greenback Movemen t that party’
s candidatefor Mayo-r o f Ba l t imo re, is a. son of the late Squ ire Sm i th .
Co l . Thomas S . Hodson of Bal t imore, is a lso a nat ive o f
Vienna . He and Wil l iam M . Marine attended the same
schoo l at that place .
COLLECTORS OF THE PORT OF V IENNA .
‘
After the adopt ion o f the Federa l Con st i tu t ion in 1788 and
the Un i ted States Governmen t had establ ished Customs Reg
u lation s for the co l lec t ion o f revenues, Co l lecto rs of Customs
who were comm iss ioned Inspectors of the Revenue a lso wereappo in ted by the Federal Governmen t for Vienna at the t ime
name d,and in the fo l low ing order :
John Mu ir, March 2 1 , 1791 .
James Fraz ier, February 2 0 ,1795 .
Sidney Stan ford , January 29, 180 5 .
James E nnalls, Ju ly 1 , 1808 .
John E nnalls,December 6
,1808 .
Char les Leary, March 3 1 , 1830 .
Charles Leary, Apr i l 28, 1834 .
Char les Leary, March 15 , 1838 .
Ben ton H . Cro ckett , Mar ch 3 1, 1842 .
Ben ton H . Cro ckett , May 8, 1846.
Hooper C . Hicks, Apr i l 30 , 1849 .
Hooper C . Hicks,August 29, 1850 .
George A . Z . Sm i th,March 16, 185 3 .
Will iam S . Jackson,March 6
,1858 .
Dan iel J . Wadde l l , Ju ly 2 3, 186 1 .
James F . Web-b,February 19, 1866.
V IENNA OF TO -DAY .
Vienna has exce l len t publ i c schoo ls and schoo l bu i ld ing ,
four churches on e Episcopal, one Bapt ist, on e M ethodist
86 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
Pro testan t and one Method ist Epi scopa l, all we l l suppl iedwi th able m in isters who at tract fine congregat ions . I t nowhas trave l ing and Sh ipping advan tages by ra i l . The Ba l timore and Eas tern Shore Rai lroad (no-w the Bal t imore,
Chesapeake and Atlan t i c Ra i lway) connects Vienna with Ba l t imore
and O cean Ci ty . I t tou ches the suburbs of the town near the
o ld Sycamore . Steam m i l ls for manu factur ing lumber, flo ur
and meal do a thr iv ing business ; fine stores of genera l mer
chand ise command act ive en terprise and the town is al ivewith a thr i fty popu lat ion of 500 c i t i zens
]l
1 To Hon . Wm. M . Mar ine, ex-Collector of the Port of Baltimore,
much cred it is due for h istory g iven in this sketch of V ienna and its
peop le .
CHAPTER X .
EAST NEW MARKET— HURLOCK—AIRE YS— BUCKTOWN—LINKWOOD .
EAST NEW MARKET .
(By M i ss P i nk J acobs . )
East New Market , a town of abou t 60 0 inhabitan ts, is sit
uated twe lve m i les from Cambr idge and one m i le from the
head of Warwick R iver,on ce known as Secretary Creek, a
tr ibu tary o f the Great Chop-tank . I t is a thri ving vi l lage and
is surrounded by some of the best farming land in the
county . The farmers of th is sect ion of the coun ty haveceased, how ever
,to depend upon the usua l staples and now
ra ise peaches, me lons, berr ies and other fru i ts and vegetables . The cann ing and sh ipping o f these products form the
prin cipa l industr ies here and give employmen t to some hun
dreds o f men,women ,
boys. and gir ls.
Each re l igiou s denom inat ion here of any s ign ificance has avery credi table church . Almost annual ly the M ethodist Epi scopals ho ld a camp-meet ing at the o ld h istor i c place, E nnal ls’ Cam-
p Ground, abou t five mi les from: town . The
Methodist Protestants camp near ly every year at Sh i loh,
abou t on e m i le away . The o ldest church in the town is theEpiscopa l ; the presen t bu i ld ing is the th ird on e er ected here .
The foundat ion sto nes of the first on e, wh i ch was bu i l t be forethe Revo lu t ion o f 1776, are now lying oppos i te the o ld si te .
The o ld New Market Academy, wh i ch was incorporated in1829, has sin ce become a part of the State P ub-l i c Schoo l System, and is now known as the East New Market H igh.
Schoo l . Its repu tat ion is of the best, and its graduates d uring the t ime when Dr . James L . B ryan was Super in ten den tof the Coun ty Schoo ls
,were placed on the ro l l o f e l igible
teachers withou t further exam inat ion .
88 H I STOR Y OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
East New Market is growing and is espe c ial ly we l l si tuatedfor progressive en terpr ise, be ing surrounded by prod uct ivefarms, and has sh ipping fac i l i t ies by the B . C . A . R . R . ,
three m i les distan t, the C . S . with in one m i le, and dai lyl ines of steamers on the Choptank R iver, one m i le away
, to
Bal t imore .
The presen t town deve lop-men t is not the work of anyact ive imm igrat ion , but under O ld names with new energiesthe vi l lage flour ishes ; of them we no te Webster, Thompson,
Hooper, Hicks, Wr ight, LeCompte, Thomas, Sm i th,An
drews, and Jacobs, who are st i l l to the fron t as me rchan ts,farmers or pro fess ionals . From the o lder on es mu ch in terest ing h istory may be heard of the o ld days, when the crossroads tavern here wou l d be fi l led wi th travelers from the
upper to the low er pen insu la or vi ce-versa. Frequen t ly d id
trader'
s from De laware and New Jersey meet here who came
to se l l negroes or exchange horses .
I ron staple-s are st i l l shown here in on e bu i l d ing to wh i ch
slave negroes were chained for safe keeping un t i l so ld or to
awai t the pu rchaser’
s t ime when ready to convey themSou th for servi ce in the co t ton fie lds of Georgia.
On e of the o l dest tann ing firms in Maryland for many
y ears was lo cated on what is. now Main Stree t . Tann ingleather was then an impor tan t and profitab le industry, when
Dorche ster Coun ty was almos t a dense fores t of oak,fro-m
wh i ch tan bark was obtained cheap and plen t i fu l . Th is townhas a lways be en no ted for its heal thfu lnes s . Though with-ina m i le o f Warwi ck R iver, i t is free from those pests in o ther
parts of the coun ty— ma laria and mosqu i toes.
Subjoined is an i l lustrat ion of an o ld home of on e of the
Hoop-er fam i l ies of East New Market . I t is now the summer
home of Wil l iam Hooper, a descendan t of Henry Hooper
(2 ) and of the co lon ial per iod .
Accompanying is an obscure vi ew o f the home o f the late
Dr. Edmon dson ,in East New Market . He was a d e
scendant o f on e of the o ldest fam i l ies in the coun ty, who
were large land ho lders, influen t ia l and en terpr is ing people.
HURLOCK 89
Th e first to se t t le in Dorches ter Coun ty was John Edmon dson ,who came from Ta lbo t Cou n ty abou t 1665 ,when he tookup and had surveyed the fo l lowing tracts o f land : Providen ce, 130 0 acres, surveyed February 12
,1665 , for John
Edmon dson,on the sou th S ide o f Great Choptank R iver, in
the woods ; given by John Edmondson , by wi l l, to his son ,
James Edmondson , Edmo-nd son’
s Rese rve,”
10 5 0 acres,surveyed Augus t 26, 1665 , for John Edmondson
, on the
sou th si de of Great Choptank, abou t two m i les above the
d ivid ing.
“Skipton,
”2 0 0 acres, surveyed Ju ly 16, 1669,
for
John Edmondson , at the head of Fox Creek . He also purchased othe r tracts . (See Dorchester Cou n ty Ren t Ro l ls .)They first set t led in Virgin ia be for e lo cat ing in Ta lbot . The
Talbo t bran ch of the fami ly wer e members of the So c iety of
Fr iends or Quake rs .
HURLOCK .
The; o r igin o f Hur lo ck, a new and at tract ive town in the
upper sect ion of the cou n ty,was the lo cat ion of a ra i lroad
stat ion at that po in t on the Dor che ster and De laware Rai lroad (now the Cambr i dge and Seaford Ra i lroa d), in 1867 .
The first storehouse there was bu i l t in 1869 by John M . Hur
lo ck, who a lso bu i l t the first dwe l l ing there in 1872 . Then
a beau t i fu l forest of oak surrounded the stat ion on all si desand Methodist camp-meet ings were annua l ly he ld in a. charm.
ing sect ion of that pi cturesque woo dland .
James M . Andrews. so ld the first town lot for $2 5 . Will iam W . How ith bu i l t the second dwe l l ing ther e in 1885 .
After Mr . How ith bu i l t , the fo l lowing gen t lemen ,vi z : T .
W . Noble, Henry S in c lair,B . F . Carro l l
,Thos. I . Wright,
Thos . Hacket t, each bu i l t dwel l ings abou t 1887, and James
A . Dean bu i l t a hote l . The town con t inued to grow,
and was incorporated in. 1893 . Stores o f all descr ipt ion now
number 15 , ho te ls two , one flour m i l l . on e saw m i l l , on e boxfactory, employing twen ty men ; two canner ies, one creamery, on e mach ine shop, and the Hur lo ck Drop Forge Com
pany . compr ise the pr incipa l indu str ial en terpr ises . Wm . H .
Stevens is Postmaster . The town has two churches, Meth
O H I STORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
odist Episcopal and Methodist Pro testan t ; two physi c ians,Dr. H . F . N i co ls and Dr . G . A . Hae
-fner.
The bu i ld ing of the B . C . A . R . R . ,wh i ch crosses the
Cambri dge and Seafor d Road at th is po int, in 1890 ,gave the
town of Hur lock a l ive boom ; i t now con tains 450 inhab
itants, and is thri ft i ly developing.
A IREYS .
Aireys is a l i t t le vi l lage and ra i lroad stat ion on the Cam
br i dge and Seaford Ra i lroad, five m i les from Cambri dge . It
con tains abou t seven ty-five inhabitan ts, on e M . E . Church
Sou th, two stores and post offi ce, and one publ i c schoo l .At th is place the first M ethod ist sermon in Dorchester
Coun ty was preached at the home of H enry Airey by Freeborn Garret tson in 178 1 . In that n e ighborhood he was ar
rested and confined in Cambr idge jai l for several weeks,be ing charged wi th. preach ing a re l igiou s do ctr ine o i JohnWes ley, who was sa i d to be a Tory at that t ime.
BUCKTOWN .
Bucktown is an in land ham let , si tuated near the cen tral
part of Dorchester Coun ty, twe lve m i les from Cambri dgeand five m i les fro-m a rai lroad stat ion . A fert i le farm ingcoun try surrounds i t . Two stores, on e M . E . church and
about forty people in ten or twe lve dwe l l ings measure the
s ize of that qu iet town where the r ing of the hammer on the
blacksmi th’
s anvi l is no more heard .
LINKWOOD .
'Linkwood is a ra i lroad stat ion on the Cambr idge and Sea
ford Rai lroad , abo ut e ight m i les from Cambr idge . I t con
tains on e M . E . church, one publ i c schoo l, one store of gen
eral merchandise, a post office and a few fam i ly dwel l ings.
I t is in a fert i le farm ing distr i c t , in wh i ch grain , fru i t and veg
e tables are exten sively ra ised . The mos t importan t industryis the fru i t and vege table cann ing plan t owned by Mrs . B el leF . Turpin and ope rated by Roberts Bro-s . , o f Bal t imore .
CHAPTER X I .
W ILLIAMSBURG AND WILLIAMSBURG DI STRICT- CROTCHE R’
S FE RRY (BROOKV l EW)— GALE STOWN—FORK DI STRICT—THE LE E S OF VIRGINIA ON NORTHWE ST FORK R IVE R— OTHE R FAMILIE S .
WILLIAMSBURG AND W ILLIAMSBURG D ISTR ICT .
The l i t t le ham let,Wil l iamsburg
, si tuated on the Cam
br i dge and Seaford Rai lroad, abou t twen ty m i les from Cam
br i dge, is in Wil l iamsburg distr i ct , wh i ch was a part o f EastNew Market distri ct but la id out for a new e lect ion distr i ctin 1859. The first e lect ion in the d istr i c t was held at Williamsburg In 1860 . The town is not of colon ial or igin ,
though its original name was Bunker’s Hi l l . H enry Jones .
who was a schoo l teacher, land su rveyor and farmer in a
sma l l way, bu i l t the first house there in 1804 . He was the
grandfather o f the author o f th is vi l lage sket ch . As founderof the town,
his house was smal l in . s i ze and plain in construc
t ion , descr i bed by Enoc h Lowe ,E sq .
, who saw i t when he
was a boy . The first bu siness started there was by a whee lwr i ght, John Woo len , who made spinn ing whee ls for spin
n ing flax and woo l, as we l l as cart whee ls for the farmers’
carts.
The next indispensable business. started there was a wh iskeyand rum. shop,
in wh i ch were so ld a few gro cer ies for theappearance of decen cy . The indu cemen ts to engage in thattraffic were no doubt the profi ts der i ved from the l iquor sa les .
Th is store with its st imu lat ing sto ck of merchandise at tractedmany pa trons . They came from towards the “B r idge,
”north ;
from“P uckum. east o f the “No rth West Fork ,
”and from
“Grubbing Neck .
”along the Caro l ine border . When repre
sentatives from thos e r i va l neighbo rhoods met and partookof a few glasses of rum o r wh iskey
,the pr i de of their man
hood ros
’
e to a premium , cha l lenges were frequen t ly made totest the super io r i ty o f their fight ing abi l i t ies, some of whom
92 H I STORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
wer e ever ready to fight a r ival . The frequen t meet ing of
thos e disturbing fact ions and the ir con duct at that place gavei t s uch a notor ious repu ta t ion that i t was named “Bunker’sHi l l .” Under such evi l influences the town made no advan cemen t except in bu i ld ing fen ces and hog
-
pens of slabs to su chan exten t that the n e ighborhood people changed the name
of the town to“Slabtown .
”Th is so incense d one of its Ci t
i z ens, John Wool en,that he pet i t ioned the Legislature abou t
1840 to change the name of the place to Will iamsburg, wh i chwas done .
Soon after the Dor chester and De lawar e Rai lroad was
completed and a depo t establ ished atWil l iamsburg, town im
provements were begun , but its growth has been s low . Now
there are two stores of gen eral mer chan dise,one cabinet and
wh-eelwr ight shop, one steam flo-ur ing m i l l, one fru i t and veg
etable cannery, on e publ i c schoo l, on e M . E . church (See i llustrat ion) , and abou t twenty-five dwe l l ings wh i ch may be
inc luded with in town l im i ts.
Some of the ear ly set t lers in that part of the county before
i t was named East New Market d istr i c t were Nathan ie l Med
ford, born in and Rebecca Medford in» 175 5 ,Wil l iam
Bonn’
er and Margare t Bonner, whose daughter Rache l was
born in 1744 ; Wil l iam Lowe,great grandfather of Enoch
Lowe,who had a. spe c ial warran tta
granted for resurvey of landca l led “
Taylor’s Neglect,”in 1758, and some vacan t land
adjoin ing “to be ho lden of the Nan t i coke Manor .
”
(Th is
shows the great exten t o f Nan t i coke Manor up the Nor th
West Later Wil l iam Lowe, grandson of Wil l iam,
had resurveyed and paten ted“Lowe’
s In ter est ,”in 1788,
wh i ch was the late home of Ce l ia Bush (Murphy) , who l ived
there a lon e and was murdered by a negro , Apr i l 7 ,1884 for
her money . Th is land ad jo in ed “Lockerman
’
s Manor o f
10 0 0 acres .
Nex t, the Corkran fam i ly, o f whom James Corkran is men
tion ed , whose son John was bo rn November 1 1, 1788, and
d ied November 18,1836. He marr ied Nancy M edford, Sep
tember 2 5 , 18 10 ,daughter of Nathanie l and Rebe cca Med
CROTCH ER’
S FERRY 93
ford . The first son o f John and Nan cy (M edford) Corkranwas John Burton Corkran ,
born August 17 , 18 12 ,d ied Apr i l
6, 1899. He marr ied Ann L . Syro-ck D ecember 16, 1840 .
D escendan ts o f these fam i l ies are now l iving on or near the
prem ises owned by the ir ear ly an cestors . O f the Lowe’
s,
Eno ch Lowe, a Just i ce of the Peace for the last twen ty- ei ghtyears, except ing two years, s t i l l res i des on the o ld hom e
stead . George, John R . and Joseph B . Corkran are farmers
on and near the ir father ’
s late prem ises, and F . P . Corkran ,
another son of John B ., is merchandising and mi l l ing at Williamsburg ; he was a member o f the House of De legates from
.
Dorchester Coun ty in 190 0 . Nathan ie l and Rob
Medford, of the Medford fam i ly, are prosperous f.nearby .
John Woo len, the wheelwr ight, comm i t ted su i
ci de by hanging h imsel f in h is workshop,August 18,
1854 .
Descendan ts of the Hubberts, Paynes, B rowns and a few
others o f o ld fam i l ies are st i l l l iv ing in that sect ion .
In the War o f 18 12 the people of that ne ighborhood were
patr iot i c ; a company o f m i l i t ia was raised there that be lon gedto the Eleven th Regimen t of Dorches ter Cou n ty, the o fficerswere John Rowens, Captainr; Arthur Lowe, Lieu tenan t
David Andrew,Ensi gn .
CROTCHER’
S FERRY .
(BROOKV IEW . )
On the North West Fo rk of the Nan t i coke R iver, be foreNant i coke hundred was. ou t l ined, a ferry, not a town ,
was es
tabl ished in 167 1, at the same t ime when the Assembly passedan Act for keeping Dover Ferry acros s the Chop-tank R i ver .
Those ferr ies were on the rou te o f trave l between Somerset ,Dorchester
,Talbot and Ken t Coun t ies.
The first publ i c hou se lo cated at Crotcher’
s Ferry was an
Ord inary where l i quors were so ld . Its influen ce on soc ietv
in that sect ion was many years in advan ce of church. organ i za
t ion , an d gave the place a notor ious repu tat ion for drunken
94 H ISTOR Y OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
ness and fight ing, espec ial ly on Saturdays,when the sa i lors,
fishermen and landsmen met for soc ia l dr inks and squarekno ckdowns. Th is place wel l main tained its reputat ion for
15 0 years, where trave lers pa ssing that way cou ld get a pin tof wh iskey for a
“fips
-
penny—bit, and a figh t for no th ing.
As late as 1850 ,when re l i giou s influen ces had spr ead abo u t
there, the Ferry” had not fu l ly reformed ; boatmen in the ir
fleet o f barges with jugs for a week’
s supply always made
their run on Saturdays to the r i ver shore of the vi l lage nextto the l i quor stores. With all the bad record of th is place
i t had a brisk vessel—trade in wood, lumber and gra in,and a
shipyard where sai l vessels were bu i l t . Coast ing and bay
vessels were owned there from the days when James B i l l ings
had the sh ip“R i der bu i l t on the Nan t i coke in 1738 .
Wh i le the“Ferry has lo st much of its vessel and lumber
trade, i t has grown in popu lat ion ,r isen h igh in . soc ial and
mora l standing, and is an at tract ive place, whose c i t i zens areh igh ly esteemed for their ben evo lence, re l i gious devotionand refined home l i fe .
Crotcher’
s Ferry,now named B rookview , has two. stores,
about th irty—five dwe l l ing hou se s and 130 inhabi tan ts . The
men of the vi l lage are ch iefly sai lors and fishermen .
GALESTOWN .
Ga lestown,a l i t t le c luster of modest dwe l l ings si tuated in
the sou theastern part o f Fork Distr i c t, abou t two m i les fromthe Nan t i coke R iver
,is inhabi ted by an industrious. popu la
t ion ,the descendan ts from the o ri gina l wh i te sett lers on the
Eastern Shore, and adjacen t part o f De laware, a m ixture of
Fren ch and Engl ish , l ike thos e who inhabi t the d istri ct , notedfor the ir plain hab its and abso lu te freedom from grave
o ffen ces.
The qu i cken ing influence of the loc omo t ive wh ist les is too
far away to exci te commo t ion in th is town on the arr iva lof trains at the nearest rai lroad stat ion . On ly steamb-oafson the r iver induce the people to make use of rapi d transi tin the ir business with the outsi de wor l d . The gr ist—m i l l and
96 H I STORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
E sq . some t ime in the Re ign of Char les the first wen t overto the co lony of Virgin ia, as Secretary, and on e of the King
’
s
Pr ivy Coun ci l When he got to Virgin ia, wh i chwas at that t ime not m
'
u ch cu l t ivated, he was so pleasedwi th the coun try that he made large set t lemen ts there withthe servan ts he had carr ied over ; after some years he gaveaway all the lands he had taken up and sett led at his own
expense, to thos e servan ts he had fixed on them , and thenre turned to England . He came again to V ir
gin ia with a fresh band o f adven turers, all of whom he set t ledthere .
”Th is R i chard Lee “
set t led first in York Coun ty,
proven by the gran t o f 10 0 0 acres, dated August 10 , 1642 .
The paten t states that th is land was due‘
un to the sai d R i chard Lee, by and for h is own p
’
sonal adventure h is wife Ann ,
’
and others,
He represen ted York Coun ty as a Burgess in
1647 , and in He was in terested in commerce as we l las agr i cu l ture ;
“in his wi l l he bequeathed his interest in two
sh ips to h is son Franc is Lee .
” From his home in Yo rkCoun ty
,he next set t led on Dividing Creeks, in Northumber
land Coun ty on the Po tomac R iver, where he was gran tedin 165 1 , 80 0 acres, and in 1656, 60 0
'
acres was a lso grantedo ther tracts o f land . Wh i le in England wi th his wife and
ch i l dren in 1663 , he m ade his wil l, and d ied in Virgin ia in
H is ch i ldren were
SE COND GENERATION .
I . John e ldest son , and he ir-at- law d ied unmarried
of whom further .
2 .
“R i chard After the dea th of John he becam e he1r
at- law . From him the‘
S tratfoI
rd"l ine descended,
”o f whom
further .
3 .
“Franc is set t led in London, d ied there and leftissue .
4 . Wil l iam marri ed ; probab ly left no male issue .
5 . Han cock married and left issue, from whom the‘Ditch ley’ l ine are descended .
”
6 . El izabe th no data.
LAND OWNED BY CAPT . J OHN LEE AND OTHERS 97
7 . Ann ie married Thomas You el l, of Nominy ; left
issue.
8 . Charles marr ied and left issue, from wh i ch the
Cobbs Hal l” l ine are descended .
SKETCH OF THE SE COND GENERATION .
John the eldest son of R i chard (2 ) and Anna Lee,was bo rn abou t 1645 ,
‘
in Capohowasick, Wickacomoco,in
Nor thern Neck of Virgin ia,’
as he h imsel f stated .
”He was
educated at Oxford, en tered Queen’
s Co l lege, as a common er
on the 2 d of Ju ly, 1658, and graduated an AB . on the 3oth o f
Apr i l, 1662 . (Probably stud ied med i c ine ; his father made
provision to that effect in his wi l l .) Wh i le at Oxford, he
presen ted a si lver cup to his co l lege, we igh ing 14 0 2— 3 dwt .now preserved in Queen
’
s Co l lege, Oxfor d . In 1666, he
(Capt . John Lee) had set t led in Westmoreland Coun ty, Va .,
where hewas a member of a comm i t tee for the defence of the
Northern Neck of V irgin ia, from Indians ; and was appo int edH igh Sher iff o fWestmore land, in 1672 . He was the owner ofmuch land, about acres, of wh i ch he owned some in
Dorchester Coun ty, proven by land reco rds, here descr ibed .
LAND IN FORK D I STR ICT OWNED BY CAPT . JOHN LEE
AND OTHE RS OF THAT FAM ILY .
Reho-bo th, 2 3 50 acres,surveyed for Capt . John. Lee,
March 3 1 , 1673 ; patented to him. June 24, 1673 , s i tuate,lying
'
and be ing on the East si de o f Chesape ake Bay, in a
R iver cal led Nan t i coke,on the No rth si de of the sai d R iver,
in the first No rth-West forke of the sa i d r iver . (See LandOffice Records,Annapo l is, Md .)In the fal l o f 1673 , Capt . John Lee died, and this land was
he ired by his brother,R i chard Lee (Col . Richard Lee) , of
Moun t P leasan t,” Virgin ia, a very dist ingu ished man , who
was educated at Oxford, and spen t a lmos t h is who le l i fe instudy, and u sua l ly wro te his notes in Greek, H ebrew or
Lat in,
”and was appo in ted to numerous offices. He d ied
on the 12 th day of March,17 14,
in the 68th year o f his age.
98 H I STOR Y OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
H is wil l was pro-bated in Westmo re land Coun ty , Apr i l 2 7,17 14, and by it devised many thousand of acres of land in V irgin ia and Maryland, as we l l as many slaves
, to his he irs . The
land in Dorchester that he he ired from his brother, Capt .John Lee, he wi l led as fo l lows
I tem, I give to my son Ph i l l ip and his he irs forever a
tract o f land in Dorchester Coun ty on the Eastern Shoatin Maryland and on the North West fork of Nan t i coke riverconta in ing 1300 acres more or less. and bounded as fo l low s .
B eginn ing /
at the upper corner of a larger d ivi dend o f landI have there
,at a marked h i ckory and red oak upon the si de
of said fork of Nan t i coke then ce W . by S . 2 14
po les to the r i ver or fork si de wh i ch l ine divides my now
seated plan tat ion in two parts . I tem , I give
to my son Thomas and his heirs forever the resi due of all
my lands in the North West fo rk o f the Nant icoke r iver in
Dorchester Coun ty in the Provin ce of Maryland .
! I f then his seated plan tat ion some of his fam i ly o ccupied i t,eviden t ly shown by the fol lowing bequests ] I tem
,I give
to my son Ph i l ip these negroe s, with Carpenter
Jack and Ralph at the Eastern Sho-ar . I tem,I give to my
son Henry these fo llowmg n egros B et ty Ph i l l Harr yand Sarah B eck’s ch i ldren Prue Bet ty
’
s and Ned all at hom e
Sharp at the Eastern Shoar .
”
Ph i l ip Lee (3 ) (of the th ird generat ion ) ,who l i ved in P rinceGeo rge’
s Coun ty, Mary land, d ied in 1744 he wil led his part
Of“Rehobo th” in Dorchester Coun ty to
]
his sons as fo l lows :
Carbon Lee ,2 0 0 acres cal led ‘Rehobo th,
’ John and
George, 60 0 acres cal led ‘Rehobo th’
in Nor th West fork of
Nan t i coke, to be equal ly d ivided between them . Francis,2 0 0 acres, part o f a tract ca l led z
Rehobo th,
’
a foresa i d . I
give to my grandson Ph i l ip Lee, 20 0 acres, part o f
‘Rehobo th.
’
“Presiden t Thomas Lee of Strat ford, son of R i ch
ard Lee d ied at Strat ford in Westmoreland, on the Po to
mac R iver, in November , 1770 . He was the father of
R i chard Henry Lee, and Franc is Light foot Lee, of Revolu
LAND OWNED B Y CAPT . J OHN LEE AND OTH E RS 99
tion ary fame (bo th were s igners of the Declarat ion of Inde
penden ce) . In the ir father’s wi l l, Rehobo th,”the 130 0
acres owned by h im , were be queathed to h is e l dest son , and
en tai led on his secon d and th ird sons in case of fai lure o f malehe irs by them,
in order devised .
R i chard Lee the first son , d ied unmarried, be fore his
father .
Ph i l ip Ludwe l l Lee the second son,be came the own er ,
he ir-at—law of“Rehoboth . He had two daughters, and a
son that d ied in in fan cy . What disposi t ion was. made o f his
share of“Rehoboth” is not men t ioned .
Fran cis Lee son of Ph i l l ip Lee was l iving on his
plan tat ion , a part of“Rehobo th,
”in 1745 , and was. a member
of the Assembly o f Marylan d that year, when he moved to
Ceci l Coun ty, Maryland , and o ffered to lease h is “ late Man
sion House on the North West fork of the Nan t i coke R iver .
”
(Md . Gaz ette, 3oth January, 1747 He died in 1749 and
devised his land in Dor chester Coun ty, as fo l lows“ I give to my son Franc is Leon ard Lee all my dwe l l ing
plan tat ion in Dorse t Coun ty,ca l led ‘Rehobo th .
’
To myson , Lan ce lo t R i chard Thos . Lee
,a tract of land cal led
‘Lee’
s Purchase ,
’ con tain ing 3 17 acres, on the Nor thea st forkOf the Nan t i coke R i ve-r .
”He gave his wife, Elizabe th (HoIlly
m
day) Lee, 5 0 acres on the Nan t i coke,“where the sh ip was
bu i l t, and two tracts of land bou ght o f John Sm i th,adjoin
ing“Rehobo th, to his son, Franc is Leonard Lee .
I t is not shown so far as we have exam ined that R i chard
Henry Lee,and Fran c is Light foo t Lee, son s of Co l . Thomas
Lee o f“Stra t ford ,
”ever shared ownersh ip in
“Reho
bo th,with thei r brother, Ph i l ip Ludwe l l Lee, though Let
t i ce Corbin Lee,a sister, d id .
Like the great plan tat ions, Mou n t P leasan t ,” “Strat ford ,
Chan te-lly and Paradise,”
of the Lees o f Virgin ia, has‘
Rehobo th of Dorchester Coun ty, passed out of the ir pos
sessions .
The land recor ds of Dorchester Coun ty show that Let t i ce
Corbin Lee, of Harfor d Cou n ty, Md . ,in 1787, so ld to John
L. of C.
00 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
Smoot, a tract of land cal led Rehobo th,con ta in ing 2 0 0
acres, on the North West Fork of Nan t i coke R iver, wh i ch“descended to her upon the dea th of her bro ther Ph i l ip Lee .
19 ” Major Frank Turpin , first a Captain in the Mili t ia of Dor
chester Coun ty dur ing the Revo lu t ionary War, became the
owner o f that part of“Rehobo th” on wh i ch the Lee Man
s ion now stands, a fine old br i ck bu i ld ing st i l l in an. exce l lentstate of preservat ion , now abou t on e hundred and seven tyfive years o ld . Major Tu rpin l ived there for many years,wher e he d ispensed lavish hospi ta l i ty to many a so c ial guestwi th in its spac ious hal ls. Bal ls, so popu lar e ighty or n inetyyears ago,
were con t inued for two or three days at a t ime at
his home, where musi c and wine kept merry, handsome men
and mai dens fair through many a mazy dan ce .
Some o f those men had been in the War of 18 12 , and o thershad served in the Eleven th Regimen t of the Dor ches ter Mi l itia, under Capta in Mino s Adams
,Lieutenan t So lomon Davis
and Ens ign Robert M edford .
102 H I STORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
near by . To day, the town and surrounding cou n try peop lesustain e ight or n ine stores of general merchand ise keptthere, one M . E . Church and Min ister, and the O l d Pro testan t Episcopa l Church and rector . Late ly a fru i t and vegetable cann ing house has been bu i l t there, and is now in suc
cessfu l operat ion . I f o ther industr ies fo l low the cannery,and the pro j ected Cambr idge and Chesapeake Rai lroad isbu i l t, a new l i fe may revive the o ld town and its passi ve fourhundred .
WOOLFORD .
The vi l lage of Woo l for d , two m i les west of the town of
Church Creek si tuated on Church Creek, a tr ibu tary of Litt leChoptank R iver, is qu i te an o ld place, that has had threenames in its h istory . Abou t twen ty-five years ago i t wascal led M il ton ,
named by the P ostoffice. Departmen t as a
postoffice . For I 50 years pr ior to that t ime ,i t was cal led
Loom town ; tradi t ion says, because the“ indus tr iou s matrons
there in every househo l d had a weaver’
s loom .
”The influ
en ce that in trodu ced looms there and e-ls-ewehere in Dor
chester and Som erse t Count ies, was an Act of Assembly
passed in 1682 ,that au thor i zed Coun ty Cou rt Comm iss ion
ers to pay six po unds. o f tobac co for every yard of l inenwoven ,
wh i ch was three-quarters. o f a yard wide ; and for
woo len c loth, ten pounds of tobacco . I t 1697, th is Act was
repealed and measures adopted to suppress domest i c manu
facturing to pr even t reduct ion o f impo rted merchand isenecessary for the use o f the co lon ists, and profitable to E ngl ish expor ters .
Descendants o f some o f the first sett lers o f Loomtown are
st i l l there and in that loc al i ty . Tw o hundred years ago the
Wo Io-lford s, Mi llses, B rannoc ks. Skinn ers and Joneses wer eres i den ts of the o ld place ,
now known as Woo l ford , thathas a popu lat ion o f abou t on e hundred people ; two stores,one church, and the
“vi l lage blacksm i th shop .
Near Woo l ford , on the road to Church Creek , is an o ld
windm i l l , that was used for gr inding corn in to meal probablya hundred years ago . (See i l lustrat ion .)
104 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
Mad ison has lon g had the benefi t o f a prominen t and ski l lful physi c ian,
who st i l l resi des there, Dr . B enj . L . Sm i th,
whose tact in po l i t i cs has a lmos t ec l ipsed hi s splendid professional record . He has been an honored member of the
House of De legates, Sen ate of Mary land, and for the last
three sess ions of the Legis lature, has been Ch ief C lerk of theHouse of Delegates.
TAYLOR’
S ISLAND
These d istr i cts, wh i le they have no regu lar ly organ i zedtowns
,are dense ly popu lated in parts lying near the Bay and
ri vers, in whi ch are va luable oyster beds .
Taylor’
s Is land is abou t six m i les long, ly1ng paral le l w ith
Chesapeake Bay, on the western border of the coun ty, and
separated from the main land by S laughter Creek, and fromHooper
’
s Is land by Pun ch Is land Creek . Colon ists from St .
Mary’
s and Calvert Coun t ies set t led on thi s island ten years
be fore the Coun ty of Dor chester was laid out. Thomas
Taylor, after whom the islan d was named, Raymon d Staplefort
,Fran cis Arm stron g and John Taylor , were amon g the
ear ly set t lers, who c leared the land of t imber and made finefarms there. The cu l t ivat ion : o f tobacco and corn was the
principa l employmen t and the ch ief pro-ducts ra ised for sup
por t of the peop le dur ing the first century of the colony .
From the year 170 0 ,t imber and lumber trade in creased
for the next 150 years to the exten t of a profitable industry .
Soon thereafter catch ing oysters for sa le in c i ty marketsrapi d ly became a paying bus in ess, and is st i l l a trade of muchact ivi ty . The revenue der ived from oysters has added valuable and at tract ive improvemen ts to th is sect ion of the
coun ty . On the island are three fine churches, large stores,canner ies, and fine dwe l l ings
,the hom es of we l l-to—do and
cu l tured people.
HOOPER’
S ISLAND .
Hooper’
s Island lie-s sou th of Taylor’s I sland . I t is. abou ttwenty mi les in length, though now d ivided by two navigable
LAKE S 10 5
thorou ghfares . I t is separated from the main land by HongaR iver. Its first sett lers, l ike those who se tt led on Taylor’sIs land, came from the Western Shor e . One of them,
Henry Hooper, owned mu ch of the island, consist ing of
numerous tracts of land, aggregat ing at that t ime 2 340 acres.
On the uppe r end of the island, then known as Meekin ’
s
Neck, a Catho l i c set t lem en t was made pr ior to 1692 ; therethe first Cathol i c church in the coun ty was bu i l t . Descen
dants from a number of th is rel igiou s co lony through suc
cessive generat ion s have l ived there and st i l l retain the names
and lands of the ir ancestors. Farming, fish ing, sai l ing and
oyster ing have been the su ccessive vocat ions of these islanders. To-day oysters are the main source upon wh i ch they d e
pend for a l iv ing and business. The inhabitan ts are th i ck lysett led on sma l l lo ts of land, in n i ce houses that Show from a
d istance l ike suburban vi l lages. n ncies that make them
almost as on e soc ial commun i ty are good stores, n i ce
churches, publ i c schoo ls and dependen t business in terests.
LAKES .
Lakes was unknown as a po l i t i ca l d ivision of the county
un t i l 1829, but in the. Revo lu t ion of 1776 that sect ion was
cal led “Lakes,”a fter the prom inen t and patriot i c Lake fam i
l ies, who then l ived there, though it was a part of Strai ts
hundred .
Some of the ear l iest set t lers in that sect ion were the
Keenes, Hoopers, Gootees, Insleys and Shen ton s. Its vast
tracts of oak and pine t imber o f o ld growth were the last in
the coun ty to fal l be fore the lumb-erman’
s axe .
Some places in and border ing Lakes have pecu l iar names ;
there is Go lden Hi l l,but no go l d ;
“Hunger” R iver,but
always fu l l ;“B lackwater R i ver, but never black ;
“Wor ld’
s
E nd” Creek, but no end of the wor ld v isib le there. Some
places were given town names, but no towns grew at Lakes
Ville, Hungerford or Wood land town . The modern name
of Crapo represen ts on ly on e store, post Offi ce, a vegetable
106 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
cannery and five dwel l ings . The Ch ief o ccupat ions of the
peop le in the distri ct are farming and oyster ing.
STRAITS .
When the coun ty was lai d off in to e ight e lect ion distr i cts,Strai ts retained its or igina l name, first cal led Strai ts hundred .
At presen t the ma in land exten ds from the sou thern boun
dary o f Lak es to B ishop’
s H ead , abou t twelve m i les distant .The remainder of the d istr i ct inc ludes. Ell iot t’s I sland, C layI sland and Sandy I s land , separated fro-m the main land byF ish ing Bay, and B loodsworth I sland and Ho l land’s Island,sou th of Hooper
’
s Strai ts. As ear ly as 1660 se t t lemen tswere made near Hooper
’
s Strai ts, then ca l led“Limbo
"
Stra i ts, so name d by Captain John Sm i th, who was caught in
a severe storm there dur ing his explor ing exped i t ion in 1608 .
He says the storm blew away the ir sai ls, wh i ch were repa iredby using the sh irts of his crew . Honga R iver that l ies westo f Stra i ts d istr i c t , he then named “
Rapahanock,
”the name
of an Indian tr i be then l iving near .
The McNamares,Fallins, B rambles and Pr i t che t ts were
some o f the early set t lers, whose descendants st i l l l ive in
Strai ts.
Not un t i l a. market fo r oysters in ci t ies was establ ishedd i d th is. d istri ct begin to: exh ib i t thr i ft and develop a den se
popu lat ion , whos e numerous dwe l l ings to—day appear l ikel i t t le vi l lages on the ma in land, and on Ell io t t
’
s and Hol land’sIslands.
There is a pecu l iar geo logi cal land format ion in th is d istrict. South of F ish ing Bay, al on g its shore, and on the
border o f vast bodies o f low marsh land, are Ell io t t’s and
C lay I slands . h igh sandy h i l ls. O n El l io t t’s Island are evi
d ences that Ind ians. l ived there, probably the Nantiq uacks
o r Wiwashes, who for generat ion s feasted on oysters alongthe Bay shor e, wher e Indian arrow heads are found aboutbanks o f o ld oyster she l ls .
Th e lan d in Stra i ts is fert i le and produces good crops, butoystering is the chief o ccupat ion of the people .
108 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
o f Maryland . Dur ing the Revo lu t ionary struggle for Inde~
pend en ce, and for some years fo l lowing after,in the absen ce
of the parish recto-rs of several smal l churches in the coun ty,thei r vestrymen, and congregat ion s ent irely neg lected the ir
par ish work and Church du t ies, un t i l the bu i ld ings wen t swiftto decay and u tter ru in . In the t ida l wave of Methodismthen passing over the Easte rn Shor e,many of the Protestan tswere carried a long by that new doctrine into the WesleyanSoc iet ies, ch iefly because the Pro testan t Epi scopa l Churchwas suppl ied by England wi th a olerg .y
At th is t ime there are six Protestan t Episcopa l churchesin Dor chester County, in charge of promi nent and scho lar lyrectors.
In the Par ish. of Dor chester is old Tr in i ty Church, wh i chis descr ibed in the fo l lowing part of th is chapter.
THE OLD CHURCH .
(By H ester Dorsey R i chard son . )
In a pi cturesque spo t on the Litt le Chop-tank R iver and on
the narrow c reek to wh i ch. i t has given its nam e, stands o ld
Tr in i ty ,k nown un t i l the m i dd le of the n ineteen th century as“The Church in Dorchester Pari sh, and fam i l iar ly known tothe presen t generation as
“The O l d Church
!a
So long ago was th is anc ien t l i t t le edifice bujlt that allrecor d of its date has been lost , the most d i l igen t and carefu lsearch having so far fai led to throw any l igh t on the subj ect .I t is, however, be yon d d ispu te that th is church was standingIn the year 1690 , two years before the Act of Assembly wh i chd irec ted the division of the cou nt ies in to par ishes, at wh i ch
~/ t1me the Great Choptank was cut from the Dorchester Par ish,wh i ch pr ior to 1692 in c luded the en t ire coun tyIn the year 1690 there were already i n existen ce in the
co lony of Maryland th irty parish churches. and many “Chap~
els of Ease .
”
We find from the co lon ial records that the O ld Churchwas S i tuated at
“Dorchester Town ,
”as the inhabi tan ts of
th is Par ish were instru cted to worsh ip in the church at
TRINITY P . E . CHURCH. CHURCH CREEK .
I I O H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
In the year 174 1 the Rev . Neal McCu llumI became the rec
tor and 5 0 con t inued un t i l 1770 .
After his death or removal the Dor chester Par ish remai nedvacan t for a per iod of eleven years, dur ing wh i ch t ime thereis no record of even a spe cial or o c casional servi ce bei nghel d .
In the year 1768 the fol lowing adver t isemen t appeared in
the Annapolis Gaz ette of May 14 :
Wan ted in Dorchester Par ish a curate. Apply to vestry .
“RO GE R JONE S, Registrar .
As no resu l ts came from th is invitat ion i t is l ikely tha t th is
was not cons i dered a“
go-0 d l iving.
” Indeed , i t is. a ma t ter
of record that one of the ear ly rectors pe t i t ion ed to be rel ieved
of his charge be cause o f the poor pay .
In the year 178 1 Thomas B rown he ld service at the O ldChu rch . After th is the Rev . Samue l Keene offi ciated un t i l1786, in wh i ch year he accepted a cal l to Queen Anne’sCou n ty
,St . Pau l’s Parish ; dur ing his incumben cy at the Dor
chester Church, Wil l iam Keene offi ciated at some t ime in
1783 .
The chu rch remained wi th-ou t a rec tor for four years afterthe departure of Rev . Samue l Keene
,un t i l 1793 , when Rev.
John Keene su cceeded him as rec tor for a l i t t le wh i le .
The names of thos e who. con ducted o c'casi-on a l se rvicesbetween the years 1794 and 1806 are
,I . S laco-m
,R . Pat t i
son , I . B raughn , John Anderson . In 1806 —the Rev. Mr.
Kemp assumed charge o f bo th pa r ishes un t i l 18 12,when the
Dorchester was again vacan t for six years . Rev. G . We l lerthen became rector for three years .
In the year 18 18 the O ld Church underwen t repairs and
the fo l lowing year a Chape l of Ease was begun on Taylor’
s
I sland . The Rev . Jonathan Judd was cal led to the Par ishin 1824 . The next rector was Rev . Tho-mas. Bayne, who
con t inued to offic iate from 1838 un t i l 184 1 when B ishopVVhittingham sen t the Rev . Wm . Harr is to be the resi dent
TH E OLD CHURCH I I I
rec to-r of the Dorchester Par ish, pr ovided suffic ien t fundscou ld be ra ised ; as he resigned at the end of the year
,i t
is safe to assume that the pay was sma l l .In the year 1843 the vestry decided i t wou l d be expedien t
to bu i ld a frame chape l in the vi l lage o f Church Creek as
more access ible to the peop le . A bu i ld ing comm i t tee was
appo in ted to carry out the plans . Th is was composed of
the fo l lowing vestrymen : James L . W .
Jon es and Wm . T . Staplefort. The p was abandon edin 1848 dur ing the in cumbe ncy ofv . Cyrus Waters, whosucceeded the Rev . M eyer Lewin as rector o f the O ld Chu
rch
in 1847 . Three years later the Rev . James Stephenson waselected to fi l l the vacancy caused by the resignat ion of Mr.
Waters .
In the Reg ister, the name of the Rev . John W . Not t firstappears as rec tor o f the Dorchester Par ish in 1854 and
al though h is resignat ion is not reco rded un t i l 1874 in the
interim, the names o f Rev . James L . B ryan and Rev . Samue lD . Hal l are recor ded as rector s, the former m 1859 and 1872
and the lat ter in the year 1869.
After the resignat ion of Mr . Not t in 1873 the Rev . DavidMari on Ellwood was e lected to succeed him in 1874 .
In the year 1877 the Rev . Will iam Wal lace Greene of the
Virgin ia Dio cese accepted a cal l to the O l d Church . wherehe con t inued to o ffic iate un t i l h is res ignat ion in 1889. He
was su cceeded by Rev . Jacob Mil ler for one year .
’
Afterhis departure ano ther o f the many pe r iod s of
flsi len ce fe l l
upon the O ld Church, un t i l the Re‘
v a B ryan againhe ld servi ces there .
In 190 1 the Rev . Hugh McDon ald Mar t in , of Virgin ia,respon ded to a cal l to th is Par ish wh ich for ten years hadbeen withou t a res i den t rector . Again
, after six mon ths’
incumbency, i t is numbered with the S i len t churches.
The O ld Church. was recon secrated after its restorat ionfrom great di lapi dation and lon g vacancy in the m i dd le o f then ineteeth cen tury, when i t was named Tr in i ty for the firstt ime. Th is r i te was pe rformed by R t . Rev . B ishop Wh i tehou se.
I IZ H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
Dur ing the pr oc ess o f restorat ion at th is t ime ( 1850 ) theh igh box shaped Engl ish pews were removed , also the handcarved wa inscot ing whi ch is sai d to have formed part of thein ter ior decorat ion . A cho ir gal lery , wh i ch was suspendedabove the main en trance
,and was approached from the ou t
s i de by a Circu lar staircase, was removed as unsafe and
unnecessary .
”
I t is not defin i tely known at what per iod the t i led floor
was covered wi th plank in the inter est of hea l th . A window
above the rer edos has lon g s in ce been br icked up, so that
the church in Dor chester Par ish has real ly lost mu ch. of its
colon ial character ist i cs on the insi de .
Tradi t ion says that th is and o ther ear ly churches were
bu i l t of br i cks brough t from England, but a c lose searchi ng
of the records fai ls to bring to l ight any ver ificat ion of th is
o ft- to ld tale .
There is every reason to bel ieve that the br i cks were made
by the Engl ish bri ckmakers, who were brought in to the col
ony, and who we re con tract ing fo r br i cks as ear ly as 1649,
in wh i ch year on e Cornel ius Canaday made an agreemen t to
make and de l iver to Mr. Thomas Cornwal l is twen ty-eight
thou sand bri cks within two years.
Many inven tor ies of estates men t ion bri ck molds, but no
b i l l of lading of any sh ip gives“br i cks” as a part o f a cargo .
A large ho l low in the O ld Church yard was for many years
an obj ect of con j ecture and superst i tion ,
“because water
wou ld not stand in i t .” That i t was from th is c lay so i l the
br i cks were made wh i ch bui l t the chu rch I have no doubt,and indeed the-t e is on e tradi t ion to th is effect .
Wh i le there is no recor d of the dee d of gi ft of the si te of
the church there is posi t ive proof that the Busicks, who
owned the surrounding land, gave i t and the burying
ground, for in the wi l l of J am-es Busi ck probated in the year
1749 he st ipu lates that“the two acres previou sly lai d off be
and do be lon g to the church so long as a Par ish Church iskept and no longer .
”
I I4 H I STORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
purpo se, by Mi ss Sa l l ie Webster Dorsey, former ly of Bal t imore, now of Dorchester . In apprec iat ion of her effortsthe vestry o f O l d Tr in i ty passed reso lut ion s of thanks to
Miss. Dorsey .
Mrs . Wm . G . Woo dsi de, of Bal t imo re,gave as a memor ia l
to her son a chan cel hanging—lamp, in addi t ion to a hand
some antipendant and sto le, embro i dered by the Moun t Cal
vary Sisters .
Altar hangings have from t ime to t ime been donated to
O ld Tr in i ty by S ister churches in Ba l t imore and Wash ington .
With in the past two years the inter ior of the Dorchester
church has be en repa ired , and new windows, protected by
stou t oaken shu t ters, have replaced the d i lapi dated ones . A
chan ce l carpe t and n ew prayer-books an d hymnals. have also
been presen ted . These latest repa irs. and improvemen ts
were made through the efforts ofMrs . Thomas King Carro l l,who con tr ibu ted l ib era l ly to the restorat ion , as did Mr . John
E . Hurst,of Ba l t imore ; Mr . John R i chardson , o f St . Joseph,
Md . ; Mrs . James R i chardson , o f Church Creek, and Mr .
Charles O . Wil l is, o f Vicksburg, Miss .
The fact that fr iends of the church in d istan t parts of the
State have many t imes come to the rescue and saved the O ld
Church from fal l ing in to ut ter decay, is proo f that the com
mun i ty is not o f the Episcopa l fa i th, and wh i le all seem to
reverence the an c ien t ed ifice there seems l i t t le hope of its
ever becoming a flour ish ing par ish .
The burying ground is the last rest ing-
place of all d enomi a
nat ion s, and despi te the fact that i t is a lready crowded the
vestry of the O l d Church have never reserved the pr ivi leg es
of the ground for the membersh ip.
The t ime must come, however, and shor t ly, when each
church in the commun i ty must have its own“God’s. Acre,
when those now s leeping the ir last sleep in the shadow of O ld
Tr in i ty wi l l rest undisturbed .
TH E CATHOLI C CHURCH IN DORCH ESTER 1 15
THE CATHOL IC CHURCH IN DORCHESTER .
(D ata f r om H on . Wm . F . A . )
The first set t lers who came to th is sect ion o f Dor chesterin co lon ial days were Catho l i cs . The ir first chape l was bu i l tin Meekins’ Neck , abou t 1769, in what is. now Elec tion D istri ct No . 6, or HO-Oper
’
s I sland, and near Go lden Hil l . I t wasa sma l l and unpreten t ious look ing structure, and cou ld have
been easi ly taken for a barn ,but fo r the pr ese nce of af ‘sr
’
ria ll
woo den cross upo n i t . A shor t distance from the s i te of the
o ld chape l,a modern church of that denom inat ion now stand s,
wh i ch was erec ted in 1872 . In fu l l v iew of the ChesapeakeBay, and opposi te the c l iffs on the Western Shore, is. th is.
divine edifi ce ,
“St . Mary’s Star o f the Sea .
” From a distantview,
t iny wh i te specks appear here and there abou t thechurch ground wh i ch at c loser range prove to be memor ialsymbol s er ected o ver the last rest ing—places o f many departedguardians of that o ld par ish .
The pr im i t ive set t lers of th is Catho l i c colon y inDorohester ,
came from St . Mary’s Cou n ty abo u t the year 1660 . At thatday divine se rvice was he ld in pr ivate dwel l ings by a m iss
'
on
ary Jesui t pr iest, who crossed the Chesapeake from St .In igoes .
B efore services were regu lar ly con-du cted in that part of
the Eastern Shore, as o ften as two . or three t imes. a yea r, i t
was customary for en t ire fam i l ies to embark ear ly on Sundav
morn ing in the ir smal l crafts and cross the Bay to attend
Mass, in St . Mary’s .
The descendan ts of the or iginal Catho l i cs of tha t epoch,who are st i l l in th is pa r ish fo l d in Dor chester, are the fam i l ies
ofMrs. R i chard Tubman,Mrs . George Mace, Frank Tubman
,
Wi l l iam F . Appl egarth, Robert Tubman,Char les Tubman,
Mrs . Emma Mart in ,G . Galon . Shen ton
,Lou is B . Keen e,
Mrs . E . V ickars, J no . A . Dunno-ck, Geo . A . Wilson ,Wm . H .
Dean, Edward M ee kins, John D . Me ekins, Mrs . Leonard ,Eugen e Jon es , Mrs Susie Tyler, J ob and Math ias Dunno ck
Mrs . Foxwe l l, Mrs . Doro thy Simmon s, Alexander Fitz hugh,
1 16 H ISTOR Y OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
Raymond Shen ton ,Mrs . Zoe Keene,Mrs . Dan iel LeCompte
and Mrs . Geo . H . Gil l ingham .
The o ld Catho l i c church was purchased for a publ i c schoo lbu i ld ing in 1872 , and is st i l l used for that purpose.
AS Pro testan t ism grew stron g and oppressive under sec
tar ian laws enacted in the re igns of Wil l iam and Mary and
Que-en Anne the Cathol i cs. made but l i tt le church advan cemen t dur ing that per iod . In 170 6 the Sher iffs of the severa lcoun t ies were requ ired by an Act of Assembly to enumerateall Catho l ics in their re
ISpective coun t ies ; on ly seven ty-n inewere fou nd in Dor chester Coun ty .
To check the growth of“P op-ery, an Act was passed in
172 3 , for laying an addi t ional duty of twenty sh i l l ings. curren tmoney, per po l l, on all Ir ish servan ts, being Papi sts, who
Were brou ght in to the co lon y .
The progress of the Cathol i c Church in Dor chester Coun tyhas been very S low ; at th is date there are on ly abou t five. hun
dred Cathol i cs, and three churches , one each at Cambr i dge ,Secretary, and Go lden Hi l l . or Meekins’ Neck . They are
susta ined by ableand influent ial par ish ione rs .
“Mary Refugeof Sinners, the church in Cambr idge, was erected in 1894 .
to replace one bu i l t there in 1885 . The church at Secretary isthe ou tgrow th of a smal l Catho l i c sett lemen t made thereabou t 1886, whioh has si n ce been steadi ly in creasing .
Pr ior to» the elevat ion of R ight Rev. Alfred A . Curt is to thesee of Wilm ington , Del . , the spi rl tual wan ts of DorchesterCatho l i cs w ere served mon th ly, by a priest, stat ioned at E as
ton,Md , but B ishop Curt is determ ined to
‘
establ ish be t terservice for the Cathol i cs in the coun ty and to . his effor ts are
due the progress of the church since that t ime .
CHAPTER X IV .
THE PATE RNAL B I RTHPLACE OF METI—IODI SM— GE RMAN S NVHO EMIGRATED TO
I RELAND , WHE RE THE Y ARE CONVE RTE D TO WE SLE YAN ME THODI SMMANY OF THEM CAME TO AME RICA— F IRST ME THODI ST SOCI E TY ORGANI ZED IN NEW YORK—" EXTRACTS FROM FREE BORN GARRETTSON
’
S JOURNAL.
EARLY METHOD ISM .
Nearly two hundred years ago a number of German co lon ists left the Pa lat inate in the region of the
“Rh ine,
” thentoo near the border l in e of Imper ial Fran ce, and se t t led in
Limer i ck Cou n ty, in the west part of I re land . In 1758 Rev .
John Wesley visi ted the descendan ts o f these co lon ists, at
K i lliheen, Balligaran e, and o ther places where he preachedthe
“Gospe l”and many were converted . As early as 175 2 ,
Mr . Wes ley had visi ted tha t part of I re land , where the German - Ir ish were among the first to we l come him . In thatyear, under the re l igious influen ce o f Mr . Wesley’s so ciet iesthere, a you ng I r ishman , Ph i l ip Embur y was con verted . In
his fam i ly record was wri t ten the fol lowing :
On Christmas, be ing Mon day, 2 5th of D ecember, In the
year 175 2 , the Lord shone in to my sou l by a gl impse o f his
redeem ing love, be ing an earnest of my redempt ion in ChristJesus, to whom be glo ry for ever and ever . Amen .
“PH I L I P EM BUR Y .
Mr . Embury became a lo cal preacher in I re land . He em i
grated to Ameri ca in 1760 , and se t t led in New York C i ty .
Abou t th is t ime a number of em i gran ts came to New Yorkfrom I re land ; they had been M ethodists in their own land.
In on e Chr ist ian fam i ly named H ick that came from Bal l igarane, I re land, was a pious. lady, Mrs . Barbara Hick, who
1 18 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
influenced Mr Embury to pr each in New York . Her appea lto him was : B rother Embury
, you must preach to us, or
w e sha l l all go to he l l, and God wi l l requ ire our blood at yourhand s !
” With her request he compl ied . On ly six persons
at ten ded the first meet ing. Th is. soc iety the-
n organ i zed andlater en larged, bu i l t the first M ethodist mee t ing hou se in
Ame r i ca, on John Street, New York, in 1768 .
In 1760 , the year that Mr . Embury qame, Robe-rt Strawbr i dge, ano ther I r ish M ethodist
, arr ived and set t led in Freder i ck Cou n ty, Md . From the work of these pion eers,
M ethodist soc iet ies were organ i zed at many places, and
plac ed in charge o f loca l leaders. Rev . John Wesley sent
over some l i cense-d m in isters to sup-erintend the Chr ist ian
work he had started in Amer i ca . Fran cis Asbu ry,the: first
who arr ived in 177 1 , at tw en ty—six yea rs of age, traveledextens ively as a m ission ary . In.his re l i gious fiel d of labor hewas as zea lou s as the Apos t le Pau l, and l ike him in another
respect n ever marr ied .
“To him mor e than any o ther man
in Amer i ca, M ethod ism. owes its exce l len t organ iz at ion and
won derfu l growth .
”
AS the Methodist soc iet ies mu l t ipl ied in numbers and in
creased in membersh ip, under the preach ing of Mr . Asbury ,
Freeborn Garret tson and othe r i t ineran t m in isters, Mr . Wes
ley sen t over Dr . Thomas Coke, who arr ived in . New York,Nov embe r 3 , 1784,
fro-m England , with plan s to be . adop tedfor regu la t ing the ir Church governmen t . O n Novemb er 14
Dr . Coke first me t Rev . Fran c is Asbu ry at Barret t’s Chape l,De laware . There they formed the plan for cal l ing the Christmas Con fer ence wh i ch resu l ted in the or gan i zat ion of the
M ethod ist Episcopa l Church . Th is Con fer en ce was he l d in
Bal t imor e , December 2 5 , 1784, and Fran cis Asbury wa s
ordained B ishop.
John Dickens then o rdained a deacon , seleced the t i t le
for the church, Me thodist Epi scopa l Church,
” wh i ch was
unan imou sly adopted .
The devou t Method ist missionar ies sen t over to Amer i ca.
and some home-made min isters. in the States,made pro found
120 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
o f the blessed Jesus . When She returned to her un cle’
s in
Dorset , they began to th ink she was besi de herse l f ; however,the Lord blessed her endeavors in favor of her sister Po l ly,and a few others. Her sister was soon set at l iberty in a
power fu l manner , and had as. great a zeal for God as her
s ister Ca ther ine. Shor t ly after, their si ster B . be came as
bless-ed a woman as ever I saw,and I have. not a dou bt but
that she l ived and died a br ight witness of sanctification .
Mr . B . was brou ght in to the fa i th, with two young lawyers
WIhOI w ere studying un der him, and severa l others of the
fam i ly,who were the fru i ts. of the labors of these pious, I may
say blessed,women . To re turn , some t ime after Mary ’
s con
version , she wen t to visi t H . A . E sq .
1who was a re lat ion o f
hers As he was a man of fash ion , and an . en t ire stranger t o
i nward re l i gion , he was much afra i d she wou l d dri ve h is. wifeout of her senses . He undertoo k to sho h is visi tor thatthe Method ists were not in the r igh t way , and for th is. pur
pose he chose an o ld . book wri t ten by a Pur i tan d ivine an
hundred and fi fty years ago ; but he had not read many minu tes before convi ct ion sei ze-d him, and the tears: flowed fromhis eyes. He withdrew and read, t i l l he thou ght he: must goamon g the Methodists with his book . and compare i t wi ththeirs . He d id so, and found the Methodist pub l i cat ion sto agree in su bstan ce with that . On th is oc casion I first met
with h im at Mr . W .
’
s .
2 After he had labored som e. t ime underd istress of sou l , the Lord gave h im re
-st —he fel t the burden
of gu i l t removed— and now expressed an anxiou s des ire thatI shou ld come to the coun ty where he resi ded
,being deter
mined to stand by the cause as lon g as he l ived .
Thursday, February 10,1780 ,
I arose very early in the
morn ing, and addressed the throne of grace . My dear Masterwon der fu l ly refreshe d my sou l, and I fe l t a wil l ingness. to
suffer anyth ing, whatever the Lord might perm i t to come
upon me, for his work’
s sake . I opened my m ind to Mr.
F . A .
3who was at Mr . W .
’
s (Rev . Tho-s . Ware) and he
seem ed very desirou s I shou ld accept the invitat i on . He
1Henry A irey , E sq .
2Rev . Thos . Ware .
3Rev . Franc i s Asbury .
EARLY M ETHODISM 12 1
then commended me to the Lord in prayer , and I set out in
good spir i ts. with a strong hope that good wou l d be don e.
The first day I got ha l f way, and had a comfortable n ight .February 1 1 was a day o f deep exerc ise . Are others d is
tressed in the way tha t I have been ! I traveled on seem
ingly wi th the wei ght of a m i l l—ston e . I wept b i t ter ly as I
passed a long, and severa l t imes stopped my horse, in tending to turn ba ck, but was st i l l urged on my way . I got tomy dear fr iend Mr . A .
’
s som et ime be fore n igh t, and the bur
d en wh i ch I fel t all the way left me at his door . The d ismis
s ion of i t was percept ib le, for my sp ir i t d id rejo i ce in God mySaviou r. I was condu cted in to a pr ivate room ,
where the
Lord let me know that I was in the very place he wou ld haveme to be .
In the even ing the fam i ly were gathered together for
prayer ; I shal l never forget the t ime ; I sup-po se abou t twe lvewh i teand black were pr esen t . Th e power of the Lord came
among us . Mrs. A . was so fi l led with the new wine of Chr ist’
s
kin gdom, that sh e sank on the floor , b lessing and praisingthe Lord . And many o f the blacks were mu ch wroughtupon . Th is ni ght was a t ime of great refreshmen t to me .
Saturday, 12 . Abo u t th irty of the ne ighbors were ca l ledtog ether,. and the Word seemed to me l t the ir hearts . I hadnot the least doubt, but the Lor d had ca l led me to th is place.
Sunday , 13 . Near an hundred gathered ; the fie ld thoughin the win ter seemed r ipe for harvest, and my graciou s God
wrought wonderfu l ly in the hearts of the peop le ; so that some
who wer e enem ies befor e acknow ledged i t to be the truth .
Monday,14 . Accompan ied by my fr iend I wen t to the
other part of the cou n ty . The fie ld is r ipe . One man. was
de eply affected on ly by se e ing us . I preached at Co lone lV .
’
s, a C lever man , who afterwards became a grea t friend to
us and h ims e l f, too . The fie lds are wh i te for harvest . The
devi l is angry . The wicked rage, and inven t l ies and m isch ief.The cou n ty cour t was. si tt ing, and some of the heads of i t
were de term ined, by some means or o ther , to c lear the placeof such a trou blesom e fe l low . For a cloak they charged me
12 2 H I STOR Y OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
w i th toryism, and I was. in forme d, gave a very wi cked man
leave, and prom ised to bear him out in taking my l i fe ; andfor th is purpose he was to lay in wai t for me: the next day .
I t pro-vid entially reached my ears that n ight before I wentto bed , and as the wic ked seemed thus in cl ined, I thoughti t expe dien t to withdraw to Mr . A .
’
s, where I stai d two days ;but be ing pr ess ed in spi r i t, I cou l d stay no lon ger ; I wen tto another part o f the coun ty . Many came o ut to hear, and
the Word was. st i l l at tended with power ; for they began to
enqu ire the way to heaven .
I had a most remarkable vi sion of the n i ght . And in thatvision i t was revealed to me what I was to suffer ; and that
the Lord wou l d stand by me, so that my enem ies shou l d no tinjure me . Hundreds floc ked out to hear the word, on on e
S i de sinners were enqu ir ing what they shou ld do to be saved ;and those on the o ther si de, how they shou ld manage in order
to ban ish me from the place .
Mon day, 2 1 . I had grea t sat isfact ion in reading a piecethat treated on the human sou l . I had much freedom in the
word in pub l i c, and a blesse d fami ly mee t ing at my goodfr ien d A .
’
s, but sor e ly tempted o f the devi l . Shor t ly after
(sha l l I speak the tru th ! I wil l wi thou t the fear of man,
thou gh these th ings may appear strang e to some peop le) Iwen t to bed , the dev il made his appearan ce upo n i t ; first hefel t l ike a cat, he then got hold of my pi l low ; I now be l ievedi t to be the fie nd, and was no t alarmed ; I took hold of the
pi l low and bo th pu l led at i t ; I cr ied out, get beh ind me, Satan .
And immediately he van ished . I wen t downstairs in the
morn ing int ending not to speak of what had passed ; but
brother A . enqu ired i f I had not be en down in the: n ight ; I
to ld him I had not ;“why,
”sa i d he,
“shor t ly after you went
up, I came in to the hal l, and was at prayer, when I heard
some on e wa lk downstairs, and seemed to be stand ing in the
doo r ; as I knew ther e was none above bu t you rse l f, I don
elud ed that i t must be you that wished to go ou t ; I thereby
wen t and opened the door, bu t saw nobod y, and certa in ly
i t. was: the devi l . Th is was abou t the precise t ime he left
124 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
fight ing against God , and now I am abou t to leave the wor ld,
pray for me.
”H is fam i ly were ca l led, and he sa id to his
wife : “Th is is a servan t of God , and when I d i e
,I request
he may preach at my funera l . You need not th ink I havenot my sen ses ; th is is the true fa i th .
”He then gave B ro ther
I . H . charge of hi s fam i ly, and desired them to embrace that
pro fession Now , sa i d I , I beseech you to th ink ser iou slyof what you have don e, and prepare to mee t God . B e you
assured, I am not ashamed of the cros s of Chr ist, for I cons ider i t an honor to be impr ison ed for the gospe l of my dear
Lord . My horse was brou ght, and abou t twe lve of the com
pany were to atten d me to gaol . They were all arou nd me,
and . two, on e on ea ch si de hold ing my hor se’
s bri d le . The
n ight was. very dark ; a nd be fore we got a m i le from the house,o n a sudden there was an uncommon flash of l ightn ing, andin less than a m inu te all my foes were d ispersed ; my fr iendA . was a l i tt le be for e the comp-any . How ,
or where, I knownot, but I was: left alon e . I was rem inded of that place inscr ipture, wher e our dear Lord’s enem ies fel l to the ground,and then , th is. port ion o f scripture came to. me, Stand st i l land see the sa lva t ion of God . I t was a very dark clou dyn ight, and had rained a l i t t le . I sat on my horse alon e, andthou gh I ca l led several t imes, there was. no answer . I wento n , but I had not got far before I met my fr iend Mr . A .
return ing to look for me . He had accompan ied me throughout the whol e of this affair. We rode on. talking of the goodness of God , t i l l we came to a l i t t le co ttage by the roads i de,where we fou nd two of my guards almos t scared ou t of their
wits . I to l d them i f I was to go to gao l that n ight, we ought
to be on our way, for i t was gett ing late“Oh ! no,
”said
on e of them,
“let us stay un t i l the morn ing. My fr iend and
I rode on , and i t was not lon g ere we had a beau t i fu l c lear
n i gh t . We had not rode far, befor e the company had
gathered, from whence I know not. However,they appear ed
to be amaz ingly int imi dated, and the foreman of the company
rode alongsi de of me, and said , S ir d o you th ink the affa ir
happen ed on our accoun t ! ” I to ld h im I wou l d have him
EARLY M ETHODI SM 12 5
judge for h imse l f ; rem inding him of the awfulnes-S of the dav
of judgemen t, and the necessi ty the re was of pr epar ing to
mee t the judge of the who le wor ld . O ne of the company
swor e an oa th, and another immediatel y reproved him,say
ing,
“How can you swear at su ch a t ime as th is ! ” At length
the company stoppe d and on e sa i d,”We had bet ter give him
up for the pr esen t so they turned the ir hor ses and wen tback . My fr iend and I pursued ou r way . True i t is, thewi cked are l ike the troubled se a whose water casts up mireand dirt . We had not gon e far before they pursued
:
us againand sa id,
“We cannot give him up.
”The y accompan ied us
for a few m inutes, and aga in left us, and we saw no mo re of
them tha t n ight . A l i tt le befor e m i dn ight we got safe to mvfr iend’s hou se . And blessed be God , the dear wa i t ing fami lywere loo king ou t, and rece ived us. with joy. And a precioussweet fam i ly meet ing we had . I re t ired to my room as
humble as a l i t t le ch i ld, pra ising my d ear Del iverer .
Dur ing the rema in ing part of the night,though dead in
sleep, I was. transpo rted wi th the vis ion s wh i ch passedthrough my m ind . And had a con fiden ce in the morn ing,that my be loved Lord wou ld suppor t me . I saw. in. the vis
ion-s of the n ight
,many sharp and terr ib le weapo ns forme d
agai nst me ; but none cou ld penetrate, or hur t me ,for as soo n
as the-y cam e near me they were turn ed in to feathers,and
brush ed by me as so ft as down .
Sunday, 27 . At e leven o’c lock,many came o ut to hear the
Word, and i t was expe c ted my enem ies wou ld be upon me ;
and I was in formed, not a few brought short clubs un der their
cloaks, to defend me in case of an at tack ; for many had justabou t rel igion enough to fight for i t . As I was giving out
the hymn, standing be twe en the ha l l and room. doors, abo ut
twenty of my persecu tor s came up in a body (I was amazedto see on e: of them, who was an o ld man
, and his head as
wh i te as a sheet) these were under the: appe l lat ion of gen t lemen . Th e r ing leader rushed forward
,wi th a pisto l pre
sen ted, and laid ho l d of me , pu tt ing the pi sto l to my breast.
B lest be God ! my con fiden ce was so strong in him,that th is
126 H I STOR Y OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
was with me, as we l l as all the ir o ther weapons, l ike feathers,as was. represen ted to me in the vision of the n ight . Someo f the aud ien ce, who stoo d next to me, gave me a suddenj erk ; I was present ly in the room , and the door Shu t . As soon
as I cou l d I opene d i t, and beckon ing to my fr iends, des iredthey wou l d‘ not injure my enem ies ; that I did not wan t to
keep from. them, but was wil l ing to go to gao l . I f I had not
spoke in th is manner, I be l ieve mu ch b lood wou l d have been
shed . I began to exhor t, and a lmos t the whole congregat ion .was in tears, and in a part i cu lar manner the women wereamaz ing ly agi tated . I desired my horse to be got, and Iwas ac compan ied to Cambr idge, where I was kept in a tavernfrom twe lve o
’c loc k to near sunse t, surrounded by the wicked ;and i t was a grea t mercy of God that my l i fe was preserved .
A l it t le: be fore n igh t I was. thrust in to pr ison,and my ene
m ies too k away the key, that non e m ight adm in ister to mvne cess i t ies. I had a d irty floor for my bed , my saddle-bagsfor my pi l low,
and two large windows ope n . with the co ldEast wind b low ing upon me, but I had great conso lat ion ih
my dear Lord , and cou l d say,“Thy wil l be done.
” Dur ingmy confinment here, I was much drawn out in prayer , reading,
wr i t ing, and med itat ion . I be l ieve I had the prayers
of my good fr ien d Mr . F . Asbu ry ; and the book wh ich hesen t me (Mr . Ruthford
’
s let ters dur ing his con finemen t) together with the sou l comfor t ing and strengthen ing letterswh i ch I rec e ived from my pious fr i ends was render ed a grea t
b lessing to me . The Lord was remarkab ly good to me, so
that I exper ience d a prison to be a mere paradise ; and I had
a hear t to pray for and wish my worst enem ies we l l . My
sou l was so exceedingly happy, I scarce ly knew how my days
and n igh ts passed away . The B ible was n ever sweeter to me .
I never had a greater love to God’
s dear ch i ldren . I never
saw mysel f more unwo rthy . I never saw a grea ter du ty i n
the cross of my dear Lord ; for I thought I cou ld, i f requ ired,
go cheerfu l ly to the stake in so goo-d a. cause. I was not at
al l su rpr ised at the cheer fu lness of the an c ien t martyrs, who
were ab le in the flames to c lap their glad hands. Sweet
128 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
much blessed in th is place, in the first reviving and spread ingof the work .
After I left my con finemen t,I was more than ever deter
mined to be for God , and none e lse . I traveled ex tensive ly,and my dear Lord was wi th me dai ly, and my spir i t d i d rejo i cein God my Saviou r . In. visi t ing the young soc iet ies, afterI left gao l , we had blessed hou rs ; for many came to hear
sinners cr ied for mer cy, and God’
s dear peop le rejo i ced .
Fr i day, 24 . Was. a sol emn fast, be ing goo d Fri day, the dayon whi ch.my dear Redeeme r gave up his preciou s l i fe. Threedays after , being in a blessed fami ly, I had great sweetnessbo th in publ i c and pr ivate ; an d before I lai d down to rest,I was very desirous o f be ing lost and swal lowed up in the loveo fmy dear Redeemer, and fee
-l ing the witne ss of perfect love .
After I la i d down to rest,I was in a kind of visionary way
for several hou rs . Abou t on e I awoke very happy, arose
from my be d , and addressed the thron e of grace . I thenl i ghted a can dle, and spen t near two hou rs in wri t ing the exerc ises o f the n ight . I saw mysel f trave l ing through a d isma l
place, en compassed with many dangers ; I saw the devi l, whoappeared very furi ou s ; he came near to me and dec lared wi thb itterness he wou l d be the death of me ; for sai d he, you havedone my kingdom muc lh. harm ; thus. saying he began pe l t ingme with stones, and bedaubing me wi th d irt
,t i l l I fe lt
wounded almo st to death, and began to fear I Shou ld fal l bythe han d ofmy enemy . But in the he ight of my d istress,mydear Saviou r appeared to me ; I thought him the mos t beau t i
fu l person that ever my eyes behel d :“ I am your fr iend,
”sa i d
he, and wil l suppor t you in you r jou rney ; fear not, for yourenemy is chained .
” I seem ed to rec e i ve much strength, and
the power of the enemy was so bro-ken, that he coul d not
move on e foo t after me ; a ll he cou l d do was to throw ou t
threats, wh i ch he did lou dly, t i l l I got ou t of his hearing.
B e ing safe from these d iffi cu l ties , I looked forward and saw
a very h igh. h i l l wh i ch I was to ascend ; and began to fear I
never shou ld be able to : reach the top ; I entered on my jou r
ney, and got abou t hal f-way up, so fat igued that I thought
EARLY METHODISM 129
every mom en t I must sink to the earth ; laid down to restmysel f a l i tt le, and seemed to fal l in to. a kind of doze ; but Ihad not lai d long, be fore the pe rson who met me in the
val ley pa ssed by, and smote me on the si de, saying,“R ise up,
and begone, there is no rest for you there .
” With that Irece ived strength, and got to the top of the h i l l . I thenlooked ba ck, and saw my enemy at a great d istance ; I wasgreat ly surpr ised when I saw the place through wh i ch I hadcome ; for on every hand there appeared to be pi ts, holes, andquagmires in abundan ce. I was mu ch wounded, and all be
spat tered wi th: dirt, but looked around to see i f I cou ld find
any hou se, and at a di stance, I esp ied a l i t t le. cottage, and
made up to i t ; when. I got near the door, two angels met me
and sa i d,“Come in, come in , thou . blessed o f the Lord, here is
entertainment for weary travelers.
” I thought wi th in ap
peared to be the most beautifu l place I had ever seen . AfterI wen t in, I though t i t was. heaven fi l led with bl essed saintsand ange ls. One and ano ther broke out, Glory, glory,
”etc .,
t i l l the place was fi l led wi th pra ise-s . One spake to me and
sai d,“Th is is not heaven , as you suppose, nei ther are we
ange ls, but sanct ified Chr ist ians ; and th is is the secon d rest .And i t is you r pr ivi lege and the pri vi lege of all the chi ldrenof God.
” With that I thought I had fai th. to be l ieve, andin a momen t my spo tted garmen ts were gone
,and a whi te
robe was given me ; I had the language and appearan ce of
one of th is b lessed soc iety ; I then awoke .
B efore th is I had an arden t desire tru ly to know my state,and to sink deep in to God . When I awoke I seemed all
taken up with d ivine things ; and spen t part of the rema inderof the n ight in wri t ing
, prayer, and prai ses ; and had a strongw i tness of un ion with my dear Lord . My brother T. from
Bal t imor e S i de came to» see me, and trave led severa l weeks
with me ; and blessed t imes we had together ; for I be l ieve i twas on th is visi t he fel t a witness of pardon ing love to hissou l .
Upon a certain oc casion ,I was won derfu l ly led to th ink
of the place cal le d he l l, and was severely buffeted by the
9
130 H ISTORY OF DORCH E STE R COUNTY
dev i l . H e l l , sa i d he, is not so bad a place as you repre
sent it ; how can God be a merci fu l be ing, as you set him forth,i f he sends people to su ch a d isma l place, for a few sin-
s,to
be tormen ted forever ! ” I was earn est ly desirous. to knowwhat k ind of a place it was . And the Lord con
-desc ended
to sa t isfy me in the dead season of the n ight . After I fel lin to a deep sleep, I seeme d to enter through a narrow gatein to etern i ty, and was met by a person who con duc te d me
to a place ca l led he l l ; but I had a very impe rfect view of i t ; Ireq uested to be taken where I cou ld see it better , i f that cou ldbe don e ; I was then con veyed to a spot where I had a fu l lv iew of i t . I t appear ed as large as the sea, and : I saw myr iadso f damned sou l s, in every po sture that mi serable beingscou l d. get in to .
iTh is si ght exceeded anyth ing o f the kindtha t ever had en tered in to my m ind . But i t was not for me
to know any of them . Was I to at tempt to descr i be the
place : as i t was represen ted to.me, I cou l d not do i t . Had Ithe pen of ready wr iter,an. angel i c w isdom ,
I shou l d fal l shor t .I cried out to my gu i de, i t is enou gh . With that he broughtme to the place he: first met me . I then desired a d is coveryof heaven ; my gu i de sa id ,
Not now ,return ; you have seen
suffic ien t for once ; and be more fai thfu l in warn ing s inners,and have no more doubt abou t the rea l i ty of he l l .” Then I
instan t ly awoke .
132 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
tain . Many on th is island love God . Tuesday, 13 . I preached
on HoIope-r’
s Island, and we had a preciou s shower . B eforeour meet ing ended five sou ls wer e n ewborn ; three o f whom
were s isters . There were many awakened at th is meet ing,and great cr ies were amongst the d istressed . There was as
l i t t le con fusion as I have ever seen, when there was so. greata pow er fe l t .”
Much more oou l d be sai d of Rev. Freeborn Garrettson ,
who was Ga l led in to the i t ineran t fie l d by Dan ie l Ruff, a
M ethod ist prea cher, in 1775 . In 1793 , he married MissCatherine Livingston e, daughter of Judge Livingston e of
New York .
‘
Rhineb-eck,’ the ir beau t i fu l home on the Hud
son R iver,was an ear th ly parad ise .
” After preach ing the gos
pel for fifty—two years, Mr . Gar rettson died su dden ly in New
York, Septembe r 2 7, 182 7, and was bu r ied in his own be loved“Rh inebec k,
” where sleeps besi de him hi s devoted wi fe, both
wai t ing the resurrect ion of the just .
The ear ly preaching of Method ism in Dor chester Coun tywas for eight or n ine years con ducted at the pr ivate homes
of fami l ies who were e i ther be l ievers of, or in sympathy with ,
the new do ctrine of John Wesley . The oldes t dee d of recordfor M . E . Church land in the coun ty is dated September 15th,1787,
“between Moses LeCompte and Elizabeth his wi fe of
the one part, and B en jam in Keene , J r. ,Wil l iam Geoghegan ,
Thomas HOI IopeI
,r J phnw A’
shcom Travers, Peter Harr ington ,
John Aaron , John Geoghegan, J Ohii Robson and IsaacCreighton
,Tru stees
,to take the care and managemen t of
the chape l lately bu i l t on Taylors, (for the use: of the min isters, be longing to the Methodist Episcopa l Chu rch,) all of
Dor chest er Coun ty, aforesai d .
The con si derat ion was twenty sh i l l ings for one -ha l f acreof land, part o f a tract cal led
“Patr i ck’s Progress”adjo in ing
the lands of R i ch-ard Pat t ison “The trustees and thei r suc
cessors sha l l take the care and management of the sa id
Chapel , and sha l l at all t imes perm i t such
persons as sha l l be appoin ted, at the year ly Con feren ce of the
M ethod ists he ld in Amer i ca, to preach and expound God’
s
ZION M. E . CHURCH. CAMBRIDGE .
134 H I STOR Y OF DORCH E STE R COUNTY
Cambr i dge was in Apr i l, 180 2 ; on Saturday, stopped withH enry E nnalls, where he preached , on Sunday, the 18th . He
says, We had a fu l l hou se: at Cambr i dge . O ur n ew Chape l1
is two stor ies ; we l l planned, and neat ly fin ished . After exhor
tatio-n s and sacramen t, B ishop Whatcoat prea ched . M eet ingen ded w e rod e four teen. m i les through the rain to B . E u
nal ls. The home s. o f the E nnal ls fami l ies , we re eviden t lyfavor i te places for travel ing m in isters to temporar i ly abide .
B ishop Asbury’
s fina l v isi t to Dor chester Coun ty , was in
Apri l, 18 10 . I t is we l l to quote him her e .
“On Mon day,
16, I pr ea ched at E nnalls’ Chape l , d ined at the Widow
E nnalls,rode on twe lve m i les to Cambr i dge, and lod ged wi th
Dr . Wh i te . Tuesday I gave them a discou rse in Cambr i dge .
Cal led upon G . Ward , and rode forward to Th omas Foster'
s
pl easan t clot tage . On Wedn esday, I had a meet ing at Wash
ington Chapel ; i t was a qu iet , so lemn and fee l ing t ime . Imet the Soc iety to my grea t joy ; they are fai th fu l .”
Six years later Mr . Asbury ceased h i s arduous Chr ist ianwork, dying in Virgin ia, in 18 16 .
The five l i t t le M ethodist so ci et ies. organi zed at pr ivate
fam i ly home s in Do rchester Cou n ty , in 1780 ,are: now repre
sen ted by fi fty impos ing chu rch edifices,susta ined by fi fty
influen t ia l congregat ions of wh i te pe op le, and by twen ty-twochu rches for colo red pe op le,
wi th very cred itab le fol lowings .
Rev . Henry Boe hm,autho r of
“Boe hm’
s Rem in iscen c es ,
w as assign ed ‘
by the Ph i lade lph ia Con feren ce , to Dor chester
C ircu i t in 180 0 . Th is wa s hi s first appoi ntmen t . He says“With weakn ess, fear, and much trembl ing , I e n tered upon
my new fie l d o f labo r and began to cu l t ivate Immanue l’
s land .
The arr ival of a n ew prea che r, a German yo u th from P ennsy l
van ia,was soon noi sed abroad , and this ca l led out many to
se e and hear .
"t For two months I suffer ed powerfu l temptat ions to abandon my work and return home
1Thi s chapel w as bui lt on Church S treet near ly oppos ite the resid ence ofWm . F . Drain .
”The books used for reference in the above church narrative are
Freeborn Garrettson ’
s J ournal ,” “A sbury ’
s Journals,"
3 vo ls . ,
" B oehm ’s
R emin iscences ,”and
“Method ism in Amer ica .
”
BAPTIST CHURCH E S 135
Mrs . E nnalls, who was a Go ldsborough, the wi fe of H enryE nnalls , d iscovered his depression , and urged him» to con.
tinue in h is work , and th is en couragemen t kept him in the
m ini stry . He wr i tes kindly o f Mrs . E nnalls, and says a fterthe death o f Mr . E nna lls, she marr ied Robert Carmann o f
P ipe Creek .
”
Whi le on thi s circu i t Mr . Bo-ehm co l lected the names of all
the M ethod ist c lasses and the ir member s ; in later years an
in te rest ing record to him,wh ich “wo u ld be st i l l more so i f
we knew the des t iny of ea ch, he says : Amo ng the names
I find on the c lass-book in. Cambr i dge, are: Dr . Edward Wh i te,Mary Ann Wh i t-e, his wife, and Eliza Wh i te
,Sarah Whi te,
and Mary Whi te , h is three daughters . Here
res i ded Dr . Edward Wh i te,who he lped to give tone and character to Me thodism .
”
M . E . CHURCH BRANCHE S .
Two o ffspr ings o f Wesleyan Methodism— the M ethod istPro testant , and Method ist E piscto-pal Church Sou th— are
flour ish ing denom inat ions in Dor ches ter Coun ty ; the former
has. th irteen modern churches, we l l su ppl ied with able m in i sters, and zea lously sus ta ined by influen t ial commun i t ies .
T he
latter has e ight at tract ive and comm-od ious churches
,whose
pu lpi ts are ever fi l led by a refined and cu l tured m in istry thatattrac t large and in te l l igen t audiences for the extension o f
Christian i ty and church prosper i ty .
The h istory o f the organ i zat ion of the M ethodist P ro-tes tant Church, and the M . E . Church Sou th,
by the withdrawalof the members and church cong regat ions from the M ethod ist Episcopal Church,
is so wel l known that no reference isrequ i red here .
BAPTIST CHURCHES .
The F irst Bapt ist Church o f Cambr i dge is the ou tgrowtho f efforts made from t ime to t ime by several m issionaries.
In 188 1 a hal l was ren ted and in i t preach ing es tabl ished .
The corner-stone of the pr esen t church was la i d Ju ly 2 3 ,
136 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
1884, and in the same year the bu i ld ing was constructedand d ed ieated November the 2 d . I t has a seat ing capacitv
for abou t fou r hundred worsh ipers, and is an o rnamen t tothat part of the town in wh i ch it is s i tuated . The presentmembersh ip is abou t on e hundred, and the pastor is Rev.
W . S . B . Ford, of Sou th Caro l ina.
There are two other missionary Bapt ist churches in the
county, one at East New Market and one at V ienna. The
latter was organ i zed in 1850 .
O ld Bury ing G round s.
CHAPTER XVI .
The o ldest marked graves now known o f in DorchesterCoun ty are on the Huffington Farm, a few m i les from Cam
br idge, where there are three, each covered with marbleslabs abou t level wi th the surface of the ground . Two of
them,after having la in there 2 18 years, are we l l preserved
with legib le inscr ipt ion s. On one is the fo l lowing : “H ere
Lyeth In terred The Body of Magdelen Stevens, who
departed th is l i fe, Nov . 24, Anno Dom . 1679. On another :Here Lyeth In terred The Body of Wil l iam Stevens, whodeparted th is l i fe, December, Anno Dom . 1684 .
On another tomb beside these two is a flaked and broken
slab , ind i cat ing greater age, on wh i ch no legib le words can
be found, owing to its decayed condit ion .
PROTESTANT EP ISCOPAL CHURCH CEMETERY,
CAMBRIDGE .
Chr ist Protestan t Episcopal Church,that stands in the
corn er of the cemetery lot, casts its morn ing shadows overan arc o f hal lowed ground, the tenanted home of departedh undreds, whom the
“Death Ange l” hath gathered, some
un time ly, with in the last 2 0 0 years. In th is l i t t le c ity of the
dead many prec ious. emblems have been placed by the tend erest love of the l iving in their day, in devo ted remembran ce
of l i fe’s sweetest assoc iat ions in the past, wi th those who
there repose in the ear th ly chambers of death .
Abou t th is o ld cemetery and its ear ly environs, the statelyan cien t br i ck wal l
,and old iron gates, oft left
“ajar,
” whe rethe wintry n i ght winds moan their sad requ iems in the barren
boughs of leafless trees, and the pale moonbeam s fa l l on
138 H ISTOR Y OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
many marble sen t inels keeping the ir constan t vigi l over themor ta l remains of departed spi r i ts, there is a fee l ing of so lemn ity, and pedestr ians reveren t ia l ly tread as they pass that way .
Many o f the o ldes t graves in th is churchyard are no t
marked with inscr ibed tablets or monumen ts of stone to
deno te who were there bur ied .
Among the o ld memo ria ls we find the fo l lowing :
H ere l ies the bod y of Sarah , the wife of Doet . Wm . M .
Murray , who departed th is l i fe Nov . 19, 1742 .
H ere l ies the body of Major Thomas N ev i t t , who
departed th is l i fe the l oth d ay o f February , Annoq ue Dom in i1748
-
9, aged S ixty—four years and six mon ths .
”
There’
s a gloomy vale between us ,
Pass through , I’
m gone before .
”
John R i der Nevi t t , un for tunate ly drowned in the r iver
Choptank on the 13th o f Apr i l, 1772 .
In mem ory o f John Murray , Attorney at Law , Son o fWill iam and Fran ces Murray of Somerset Coun ty . He d ied on
the 13 th day of Apr i l , 1772 , in the 3 1 year of his age .
On one tomb are two memo-r ial inscr ipt ions, as fo lllOW '
“In m emory o f Mrs . Willam ina. Go ldsborough,
wi fe of
Char les Go l dsborough,Daughter of Rev . Dr . Wm . Sm i th
of Ph i lade lph ia .
“Died Dec . 19,1790 , aged 28 years .
Also
To the memory of VVi llam ina El izabeth Go l dsborough .
Her mourn fu l paren ts inscr ibe th is tablet .
Called from thi s mortal scene in bloom of l i fe,
Here l ies a much loved daughter , mother , w ife.
TO whom each grace and excellen ce were g iven ,
A Saint on E arth , an Angel now in H eaven .
”
140 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
r ights he stepped forward and the day we con t inue to ce lebrate he was a so ld ier equ ipped at his own persona l expen se.
“For near ly th irty years he has been an exper imen tal and
pract i cal Christ ian,his house a home for m in isters Of the
Gospe l and his l ibera l hand a lways ready to con tribu te to
the ir suppor t .“The poor partook eager ly of his benevo lence and the
affl i cted had the benefi t Of his medi cal ski l l (when poor, without fee or reward
Sacred to the memory of Mrs. Mary Wh i te, re l i ct of thelate Doc tor E dw . Wh i te, who departed th is l i fe, Sept . 2 7A . D .
- 1833— in the 7oth year of her age.
”
In memory of Mrs. El izabe th Warfield— daughter of D r.
Edward Wh i te who departed th is l i fe Dec . the sth 18 aged
3 5 years.
Dr . Fran c is P . Phe lps, born J an . 3 1, 1799—Died Nov.
18,
On the Mitchel l farm near Corner’5 V i l le, a grave stone has
th is inscript ion :
John Mi t chel l, Senr . Departed th is l i fe in 18 15 , in the
l o6th year Of hi s age.
”
E lections and Pol itical History .
CHAPTER XV I I .
ELECTI ON S—VOTING QUALI FICATION S—METHOD OF VOTING—ELE CTION DI S
TRICTS- JUDGE S OF ELECTION—DIVI S ION OF COUNTY INTO HUNDREDS—DIVI SION INTO ADDITIONAL DI STRICTS—POLITICAL HI STORY OF THE
COUNTY .
From 1687 to 180 0 all elect ions for coun ty Officers inDorchester Coun ty and members o f the Assembly of Maryland were he l d at Cambr idge, and every vo ter who had the
requ ired qual ificat ions, fifty acres of land, or forty poundsster l ing in mon ey or persona l property, who dec ided to vo tewas obl iged to go there to exercise his r ights
,not by cast ing
a bal lo t but viva voce; that is, the vo ters tol d the Judge or
Judges of the e lect ion the names Of the persons fo r whom
they pro-posed to vote . The Sher iff o f the coun ty was thenJudge of the e lect ion and made the o ffic ial returns o f the
resu l t . At some per iod of the 1 12 years of th is method Of
elect ions, the po l ls were kept open four days in su ccess ionfor the con ven ience of voters who l ive-d in remote parts Of thecoun ty ; for instan ce, in the loca l i ty Of places now known as
Den to-n, Hi l lsborough and Greensboro-ugh .
In 1799 a Comm ission was appo in ted to d ivide the coun tyin to Elect ion Distr i c ts, l ike ly for the conven ien ce of the
vo ters . The d ivisions made by the Comm issioners were
out l ined and defined as fol lows :“All that part of the coun ty laying to the Eastward of the
fol lowing l ines,to wit : B egmn i ng at the Mouth of Ch i ca
nacom ico R iver and up sai d r iver to the head the reo f, as has
been lai d off here to for e, t i l l i t intersec ts the ma in road byMrs. Minor
’
s, then ce with that road to Mr . Henry Dickin
son’
s on the hea d o f Secretary Creek, in c lud ing New Mar
ket with the dwe l l ing hou se of Mr . James Su livane , together
142 H I STOR Y OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
with the dwe l l ing house of said Henry D ickinson . and the
severa l is lands hereto-for e lai d off and be longing to sa i d d istrict, to wit : Ell io t t
’
s I sland and the adjacen t islands to
compose the first d istr i ct and the place o f holding the e lect ion in sai d d istr i c t at the plan tat ion of John Reed, Esqu ire,ca l led Reeds Grove .
“Al l that part of the sai d coun ty tha t lyeth to the Southward and Westward o f the fo l lowing l ines, to wit : B eg inn ingat the mou th of the Litt le Chop tank R iver and runn ing up
the same to the mou th of F ish ing Creek , then up sai d creekto the mou th of Church Creek , then up Church Creek to the
head thereo f to the hou se former ly o ccupied by Capt . NathanWr i ght, f rom thence down the B lack Water road to the new
road made by John Wil l iams and Thomas Co lsten , and withthat road to B lack Water R i ver n ear Wil l iam Reed’s plantation
,then down sa i d r i ver to the mou th. thereo f, inc lud
ing all the islands hereto fore la i d Off for sai d d istr i ct , to wit :Ho
'
pkins Is land and ad jacent islands to compose the secon ddistr i c t and the place o f ho l d ing the elect ion in sai d d istr i c tat the dwe l l ing house of Jacob Tod d hereafter to be known
by the name of Tod dsvi l le .
“Al l that part of Dorchester Coun ty not inc luded in the
first and secon d distr i cts to compose the th ird distr i ct , and
the place o f ho ld ing e lect ion in sai d d istr i ct at Cambr idgein the Court Hou se .
“Apr i l 8, I 80 0 .
(Seal ) MO SE S LECOM PTE .
(Seal ) ROB . DE NN I S .
(Seal ) WM . M . RO B E RTSON .
(Sea l ) SAM . HOO PE R .
(Sea l ) E . R I CHARD SON .
FIRST D IV IS ION OF THE COUNTY INTO
HUNDREDS .
The first po l i t i ca l d ivis ions of Do rchester Coun ty werehundreds, o f wh i ch there is no o ffic ial record to be found
144 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTE R COUNTY
ture to change the boundary l ine and transfer the part of thetown and suburbs then lai d O ff in Dor chester Coun ty to
{Caro l ine Coun ty, wh i ch was authori zed and accord inglytransferred . By that transfer, Dor chester Coun ty los t abou tthree hundred inhabi tants and fifty thousan d do l lars
’ wortho f taxable property . Th e taxpayers thus transferred pai d
$614 to Dorchester Coun ty, the ir proport ion of the bon deddebt of the cou nty .
POLITI CAL H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER
COUNTY .
B efore Dor chester Coun ty was organ i zed in 1669, the peo
ple in co lon ia l Maryland had formed , at least, two po l i t i ca l
part ies, based part ly on the Wh ig and Tory pr in c iples of
England, but large ly on rel i giou s creeds,wh i ch were so
rad ical ly confl i ct ing at that per iod as to exci te at t imes
in tense pr ejudi ce, per secu t ion and vio lence in on e of the
ru l ing part ies of the provin ce when in offic ial con tro l .In the Protestan t Revolu t ion of 1689, the people in the
coun ty seem to have been passive and to have readi lysubm i t ted to the ru le o f the Revo-lution ists and to the
establ ishmen t of roryal con tro l without no t i ceable d is
sen t, pro-b-ably because the great major i ty of them werePro testan ts. Th is po l i t i cal change brou ght no good t ime
-s
to Marylanders, and when the royal governors and coun c i l,wi th the rad ical Assemb l ies lai d heavy taxes for use
of the King’
s officers, provincia l expenses, and
“forty pounds
per pol l”for church suppor t wi th compu lsory at tendan ce
at church on the Sabbath, and adopted o ther restr i ct ivemeasures that wou l d not perm i t Catho l i cs to ho l d e i ther
publ i c or pr ivate rel igiou s worsh ip or have schoo ls for the ir
ch i ldren at home or send them abroad to be edu cated , a wide
spread o-
pposition arose to the King’s ru le, wh i ch foun d on ly
part ia l redress after twen ty- fou r years’ forbearan ce
,when the
Propr ietary governmen t was reestabl ished in 17 15 . Th is
rel ief that gradual ly came before the Revo lu t ion o f’
76 was
POLITI CAL PARTIE S 145
counteracted by o ther difficu l t ies that involved po l i t i cal d i f
ferences. As the co lon ists had been heavi ly taxed under the
ru le of rovalty , they wer e not d isposed to levy large amoun ts
for the use o f the Proprietary and his salar ied officials in
the province . Thus the adheren ts of the Propr ietary and his
counc i l on one side and the people who chose the Assembl ies
on the o ther s i de, con sti tuted two d ist in ct part ies in each
county . For for ty years of th is per iod the Dorchester De le
gates elected to the Assembl ies (among whom were Henry
Hooper, Bartho lomew E nnalls, J r . , Thomas Woo l ford,Dan ie l Su livane, LeCompte and
many o ther prom inen t members) firmly opposed Propr ie
tary aggressions and gradual ly gain ed conc '
essions o f advan
tage to the people . Engl ish restr i c t ions on co lon ia l tradea lso became so intoleran t that local d ifferen ces over home
affairs faded in to insign ificance before graver dangers thatthreaten ed the destruct ion of sacred r ights be longing to
Maryland co lon ists.
Though thi s overwhe lm ing sen t imen t against coer c ionby England was so stron g, yet ther e exis ted weak fact ion s of
oppos i t ion in every coun ty,Dorchester not excepted, tha t
were der is ively ca l led Tor ies dur ing and after the Revo lu t ion .
Some To r ies in Dor chester Coun ty were arrested whi le the
war was be ing waged and were obl iged to take the oa th of
al legiance to the State, o r be hel d as pol i t i cal prisoners
whose sympath ies and conduct gave suppor t to England ,and who endangered Amer i can independen ce .
Prom inen t To r ies were obl i ged to leave the coun ty and
country dur ing or after the c lo se of the war .
Throughou t the Revolu t ion there was pract i cal ly but on e
po l i t i cal party in the coun ty and State, but after the restora
t ion of peace and plans for a Federal governmen t were d is
cussed, differen t opin ions on a mat ter o f such vi ta l in teres t
:to the peo-ple , deve lop-ed two p art ies,
“Federal ists” and
An t i -Federa l ists .
”The first favo red and the lat ter opposed
the adopt ion o f the Federal Const i tu t ion . Just here i t is10
146 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
qu i te appropriate to say that the people of Dorchester
County were not all abso lu te fo l lowers of dist ingu ished
leaders e lsewhere, but that no tab le men of influen ce repre
sen ted the coun ty and prom inen t ly he lpe d to con struc t ou r
un ion Of States under the Federal Const i tu t ion . After its
adopt ion in 1788 and the nom inat ion of George Wash ington
for Pres i den t, the An t i—Federal ists were left withou t an issue
on wh i ch to base an opposi t ion . Th is fact we l l expla in s how
the vo te of Dorchester was cast at that e lect ion . Then Wash
ington ,Jefferson ,
Mad isoin and Randolph were all Federa l ists,but the party pol i cy then adopted by Ham i l ton and other
leaders in regard to nat ional finan ces and the cen tral i z ing ten
d en cy of the powers of the gen eral governmen t as the-n adm in
istered aroused the opposi t ion of Thomas Jefferson , Madison
and Randolph ,who organ i zed the“Republ i can
”
party . The ir
po l i cy, influenced and equal ly d ivided the electora l vote of
Mary land in 180 0 , giving Adams and P inkney five vo tes
and Jefferson and Burr five, though the Dorchester and Car
o l ine Elector, Mr . Robin son , a Federal ist , was e lected . Party
leaders in the coun ty who fo l low ed the Hon . John Hen ry
who had served in the Con t inen tal Con gress, Un i ted States
Senate and who was e lected Governor of the State November
13 , 1797, st i l l kept the coun ty under Federa l con tro l .
HOW DORCHESTER VOTED AND WHO WERE
ELECTED IN THOSE DAYS .
I t may in terest some po l i t i c ian to discover that party men
cou ld change the ir pol i t i cal course a hundred years ago ,
when pol i c ies just ified it , as readi ly as men do now for var i
ous causes .
From the Baltimore Amer ican. and Federal Gaz ette, some
e lect ion returns from Dorchester Cou nty about that per iod
are here in part given (unofficially) :
In 180 2 So lomon Fraz ier,I saac Steele, Chas . Go lds
borough, and Mathew Keene. all Fed era lists, were e lec ted
148 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
2 0 0 major i ty over the Republ i can s, patrio ts as we l l as pol i t i
cians, Frederi ck Bennet t, John Smo-ot and o thers.
In 18 10 De legates Freder i ck Bennet t, Wash ington
Eccleston , Republ i cans ; So lomon Fraz ier and John Stewart,Federa l ists, were the people
’
s cho i ce.
In 18 1 1 Joseph E nnalls, Freder i ck Ben net t and John
Smo-ot were the Demo crats elected under a n ew party name
and Edward Gr iffi th, a Federal ist .
In 18 1 1 the fo l lowing resolu t ion was adop ted by the
II ouse
Resolved, That the Treasurer o f the Western Shore,
pay annual ly in quarter paymen ts,to Frederi ck
B ennet t, O f Dor chester Cou n ty, an Old revolu t ionary so ld ier,the ha l f-pay of a corp-oral during the remainder of his l i fe
as a remun erat ion for his meri tor ious services. ”
18 12 ,O ctober 6. Vo tes for Congressmen ,
Del egates and
Sher iff were :
Congressmen : Chas . Go ldsborough, Federal ist, 1 197 ;
Wil l iams,Democra t and Republ i can , 72 9.
D e legates : Federa l ists, J no . Stewart, 1 159 ; B en j .
LeCompte, 1 156 ; Ed . Gr iffith, 1 12 5 ; R i ch . Too t le,1 154 .
Demo crat and Republ i can ,Eccleston , 738 ; Geoghegan , 78 1 ;
Waters, 75 5 ; B ennet t , 729 .
Sher iff ' Federal ist,Pat t ison ,
1 12 5 . Democrat and
Republ i can , Harp-er, 82 2 .
A maj or i ty of the people in Dorchester were eviden t ly
Opposed to the War O f 18 12 , as shown by their vo te .
18 13 . Assembly vote was :
Federa l ists, Stewart, 1 148 ; Gr iffith, 1 133 ; Too t le, 1 139 ;
LeCompte, 1 137 .
Demo crat and Republ i can ,Lake
, 72 8 ; IVaggaman, 7 18 ;
San ford, 7 17 ; Geoghegan , 70 6.
In 18 14 the same D e legates were ree lected , eviden t ly
Federal ists, namely : John Stewart , R i chard Too t le, Ben j .W . LeCompte and Edward Gr iffith .
CANDIDATES FOR OFFICE 149
In 18 15 Robert Hart, a Federal ist, was e lected in the placeof Mr . Toot le .
18 16. The Assemb ly vo te wasFederal ists, Ed . Gr iffith, 882 ; B . W . LeCompte, 889 ; R .
Hart , 886 ; T. P i t t , 890 .
Democ rat and Republ i can , So l . Fraz ier, 5 5 5 ; J . Will is, 549 ;L . Lake, 5 57 ; A . S . Stanwoo d
, 5 57 .
18 17 . Thos. P i t t, B . W . LeCompte , Henry Keene, Ed .
Gr iffith, Fed era l ists, were Members o f the House of Delegates.
In 18 18, O ctober 5 , there was a c lose vo te for De legates, asfo l lows :Federal ists, B . W .LeCompte, 898 ; Thos. P i t t , 876 ; Henry
Keene, 876 ; Edward Gr iffi th,865 .
Democ rats, So lomon Frazier , 890 ; Wm . W . Eccleston ,
888 ; Levin Lake, 878 ; J . R . W . P i t t,834 .
Char les Go ldsborough was e lected Governor by the Legislature .
The vo te cast for Assembly cand idates O ctober 2, 182 0 ,
was :
Republ i can,
”
Wm . W . Eccleston ,10 2 0 ; Levin Lake, 10 09 ;
So lomon Fraz ier, 999 ; George Lake, 998 .
Federa l ists, B . W . LeCompte , 998 ; Michael Lu cas, 988 ;Edward Gr iffi th, 988 ; Dan ie l Ja ckson, 962 .
Th ere was a tie vo te between George Lake and B . W .
LeCompte .
The Assembly vo te for Governor at th is session was 48
for Samue l Spr iggs and 46 for Char les Go ldsborou gh .
1824, O ctober 4 . Jackson Elector, Jos iah Bayly . For
John Q . Adams, Dan ie l Mart in .
House o f D e legates e lected :
J no . N . Steele, 10 18 vo tes ; Thos. L . H . Eccleston 944
Nola —At the election of 1818 so ld iers from Fort McHenry and mar ines
from a U . S . Fr igate w ere marched in squad s to the polls in Baltimore and
voted , though they w ere mostly non-resid ents . On ly one so ld ier is said
to have voted the Democratic ticket, sti l l the Federal ticket was beaten in
the c ity . See Amer i can .
150 H ISTORY OF DORCH ESTER COUNTY
votes ; Mathias Travers, 89 1 vo tes ; Dr . Dan ie l Sulivane, 95 7votes .
Sher iff, Tho-S . H . Hi cks, 10 53 vo tes .
As the years pa ssed , party names were changed for lo caleffect . In 182 1 t i cke ts wer e headed “Nat ional Republ i can
”
by one party and by the o ther “Jackson .
”In 182 3 the
word “Federa l ist” was again used . In 182 7 the Admin is
tration t icket for the Assembly e lected three De legates,
J . F . Wil l iam-s,George Lake and B . J . Go ldsborough ; and on
the Jackson ” t i cket, John Douglass .
In 1828 i t was th is way:
Adams” De legates
,Fran cis E . Phelps ,Thomas Eccleston ,
Mart in Wr ight, e lected ;
“Jackson De legate . Mathew Hardcast le, e lected .
O ctober 5 , 1829, the vo te for Hou se Members was :
“An t i—Jackson ,
” Joh n N . Stee le, B r i ce J . Go ldsborough,
Thos . H . Hicks, (Mat th ias Traver s, “826 ;
“Jackson, James A . Stewart,845 ; 1635511 E nnalls, 80 0 ;
Mathew Hardcast le, Henry C . Elbert, 832 .
In 1830 the“Ant i-Jackson ” t i cket was e lected by the vo te
here given :
Assem bly Delegates :“An t i-Jackson ,
”Thos. H . Hicks
,1 12 6 ; B en j . G . Keene,
1 12 6 ; J uo . N . Stee le, 1 1 12 ; Mart in L . Wr ight, 1094 .
“Jackson , J as . A . Stewart, 10 09 ; M . Hardcast le, 9 16 ;
Smart , 82 8 ; Go ldsborou gh, 809 .
At the elect ion , he l d O ctober 1,1832 , J no . N . Stee le, C lay
Elector, rece ived 958 vo tes, and James A . Stewart,the
Jackson Elector , 668 .
In 1833 , O ctober 7, the Con gression a l vo te in the coun tywas 963 for J as. A . Stewart and 857 for L . P . Denn is,who was
e lected to Congress by 2 0 0 major i ty .
*E lected .
N ata —It has not been nor w i ll it be the author’
s intention to expressh is pr ivate Op in ion on National or S tate Adm in istration s in order to Show
what effec t or influence they may have had on the po litics of the peop le inDorchester County at any per iod .
152 H I STORY OF DORCH E STER COUNTY
Coun ty Comm ission ers, John Newton , John Mui r and
Samue l Harr ington .
At the e lect ion,O ctober 6, the vo te was :
Governor : Wh ig, Johnson , 1 142 .
Lo co foco ,
1 Thomas, 8 16.
Hou se of Delegates : Wh ig, Eccleston, 1 165 ; N i cho ls,10 94 ; Travers, 1090 ; R i chardson 1092 .
Lo co fo cos,Jackson ,
845 ; Cannon , 82 3 ; Hooper , 82 0 ;
E nnalls, 794.
HENRY CLAY FIRST NAMED IN BALT IMORE .
From the American , August 2 5 , 1842 :“Maryland— Mr . Clay .
I t wi l l be seen by the pro ceedings of the Wh i g State Con
vention , wh i ch are given in de ta i l in th is morn ing’s American,
in clud ing the address to the People of Marylan d,that the
tr ied patr io t and em inen t Statesman ,Henry C lay, of K en
tucky, has been in the name of the Whigs of Maryland,forma l ly and unan imou sly nom inated for the Presi den cy .
”
The Delegates to th is Con ven t ion from Dorchester
Coun ty were J . C . Henry, Joseph N i chol s, H enry Page, W .
T. Goldsborough,John R . Keene, Reuben Tal l, Henry L .
McNamara, Jacob Wi lson , Thomas F . Eccleston , James
Stee le,W . B . Chaplain and Levin Keene .
A Wash ington paper, the Washington True Whig, make-s
the fo l low ing commen t or cri t i c ism. on Maryland nomi na
ttonS°
1 “ In the campaign of 1840 , in New York , the ‘Hard Mon ey Demo
cratS ,’
who Oppo sed charter ing State banks , organ i zed an‘
E qual R ights’
party , called by their Opponents ‘Locofocos,’ a name g iven by the Whigsto the entire Democ ratic party at that time . This word was d er ived frommatches used to rel ight a hal l after the l ights had been extingu ished bytheir opponents .
” Possibly the putting out Of l ights at po l itical meetings
was a party tr ick quite annoy ing in New York C ity .
CANDIDATE S FOR OFFICE 153
I t was Maryland, in 1836, that first put the names of Har
r ison and Tyler together, and Maryland on Wednesday last
led the way in rec ording her regrets for the deed, making
the on ly atonemen t possible in the case .
”
At the State e lect ion,he ld O ctober 5 , the vo te for the Leg
islature was :
Wh igs,Phelps, 9 12 ; Travers,904 ; LeCompte, 886 Greene,
867 .
Independen t, Henry, 62 0 ; Wool fo rd, 609 ; Abbot t, 348.
Sher iff : Wh ig,Wm . B . Dai l, 891 .
Independen t, Moo-re, 7 17 .
1843 , O ctober 4 .
“A most unexpec ted resu l t is rea l i zed in
th is coun ty,wh i ch a l thou gh dec idedly Wh ig, has ele cted
three LocOfO-co Delegates and one Wh ig . Vote as fo l lows :
Wh ig, F . P . Phelps, J OS . N i cho ls, 896 ; L . R i chard
son , 859 ; J . B . Chapla in,84 1 .
Loco fo cos, J as. A . Stewart, John W . Dai l,Dan ie l Cannon , 90 0 ; James Sm i th, 885 .
1845 , O ctober . De legates : Wh igs, Boo-n , 1 12 2 ; Eccles
ton , 1 129 ; Frazier, 112 1 ; J as . Sm i th, 1064 .
Loc o focos, Row ins, 85 7 ; LeCompte, 92 0 ; Pearcy, 888Woo l ford
, 85 1 .
In 1844 the Maryland Assembly con sisted of 6 1 Wh igs
and 2 1 Loc o foc os.
In 1845 , 43 Wh igs and 39 Lo co fo cos.
1847, O ctober 6 . Coun ty vo te for Governo r
Wh ig,Goldsborough, 128 1 .
Lo-cofoco ,Thomas, 864 .
Congress : Wh ig, Crisfield , 12 36.
Loc o fo co'
, LeCompte, 897 .
Assembly : Wh igs,Keen e, 12 30 ; Chaplain ,12 5 7 ; Hodson,
1262 ; Tal l, 12 26 .
*E lected .
154 H I STORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
Loc o-foco, Robertson ,885 ; Turpin, 88 1 ; Thompson ,
883°
Cornwe l l, 857 .
House had '
: Wh igs, 58 ; Lo co fo cos, 24 .
THE NOM I NATION OF WM . T . GOLD SBOROUGH .
The Wh i g Conven t ion that nom inated Wm . T . Go ldsborough met in Cambr i dge, June 17, 1847 . The DorchesterDe legates were Capt . Wm . Su livane, Levin Keene, Col . J uo .
H . Hod son,Reuben Tal l and J as. A . Wadde l l . “A chu rch
fest iva l , hel d that even ing for the benefit of a church, as
we l l as a grand bal l g iven in the town hal l by the people,were l ibera l ly patron i zed . A number of the D e legates wereinvi ted to Mr . Go ld sborough
’
s hospi table mansion ,abou t
five m i les be low Cambri dge. AS the steamer returned to
Bal t imore, the boat was. run near the shore off Mr . Go ldsborough’
s, and the passengers ren t the air with congratu la
t ions . A lou d response from a large company on shore
warm ly reechoed the salu tat ion .
”— Amer ican .
In 185 3 a n ew party, the Amer i can party, was or iginatedin New York . Its leaders propos ed to stand for un iversaleducat ion , re format ion o f the natura l i zat ion laws, protectiono f Ameri can labo r, l ibe ral aid for r iver and harbor improvemen ts,governmen t aid and for the Un ion Pacific Rai lroad, andnot to in terfere with the use of the B ible in publ i c schoo ls .
Th is party sen t imen t soon took effe ct in Maryland and
became a subst i tu te for Whigism . Wh i le the Wh i g party was
disin tegrat ing on Nat iona l issues, the pe ople in DorchesterCou nty who cou ld not bel ieve in Demo crat i c principles wereS low to endorse the an t i—slavery leaders and Free—So i lers of
the North and West . B e ing most ly Pro testan ts, they readi ly became
“Know-No th ings” and thus con tro l led the countyfor a t ime .
At the Congression al e lect ion in 185 5 the vo te in the
county for J as. A . Stewart , 1 1 18 ; for Denn is, 1 15 5 . Stewart’s majori ty in the di str i ct was 30 5 .
In 1856 the vote for Presi den t or Electors is here given
by distr i cts :
156 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
The Legis lat ive t i cket , Amer i can , wa s e lec ted ; the mem
bers were John W . Da i l, Levin R i chardson and Horat io G.
Graves.
In 1859 Char les F . Goldsborough, on the Amer i can t i cket,was e lected State Senator. The De legates were John R .
Keene, Amer i can ; Wil l iam Ho l land and Z . W . Lin th i cum,
D emoc rats.
THE PRES IDENTIAL ELECTION .
1860 , November 6. Vo te by distr i cts
L incoln .
ForkEastNewMarke tViennaParson’
s Creek .
LakesHooper
’
s IslandCambr i dgeNeckChurch Creek .
Strai tsDrawbr idgeWi lliamsburg
34
1Fol lowing th is surpr is ing e lect ion at wh i ch the peop le
chose Abraham Linco ln Presi dent, an in tense exci temen tse i zed the publ i c mind, ch iefly brought abou t by the revolu
tionary at t i tude assumed by South Caro l ina and o ther South
ern States.
CHAPTER XV I I I .
E XCITEMENT PRECEDING THE CIVIL CONFLICT—DIVI S ION OF PUBLIC SENTI ‘
MENT CAUSED BY THE WAR—THE POLITICAL E FFECT P RODUCED BY
“EMANCIPATION”—NEGRO SUFFRAGE INTEN SELY OPPO SED .
In the win ter of 1860 and 1861, the people in Dor chesterCoun ty, as in other sect ion s of the State and coun try
,were
mu ch exci ted at the thr eatened C ivi l War and d issolu t ion Of
the Federal Governmen t by the secession of some of the
Sou thern States. Publ i c sen t imen t d ivided the people irrespect ive of past par ty asso ciat ion in to two c lasses, the largerc lass be ing in favor o f main ta in ing the Federal Un ionof the States ; the other and smal ler class in favor of Sou thern R ights,
”and the secession of Maryland .
B it ter con troversies and opposing sympath ies st irred the
peop le with stron ger fee l ings than were ordinari ly en tertained in party sen t iment
,wh i ch divided members of the
same fam i l ies and firm fr iends Of past years to the exten t ofbecom ing bitter and even ,
in some cases,be l l igeren t en emies .
This inflamed state of publ i c fee l ing was gradual ly suppr essedby
"
the Federal sol diery who were quartered in many partsOf the State dur ing the year 186 1 .
The in trod uct ion of the war and ear ly bat t les influen cedmany patr iots to volun teer in the army of the ir choi ce
to fight for the pr inciples they personal ly proposed to maintain .
1
For several years, or dur ing the war, the peop le in the
coun ty fe l t the restr i ct ion s and great in conven ience of armyregu lat ions, though not mu ch of the t ime under a mi l i taryguard . Any person from the coun ty who wen t to Ba l t imore
cou l d not return home on sai l or steam vessels withou t a pass
1 In thi s vo lume i s publ ished the names of a number of so ld iers whoserved in the Federal and Confederate Armies from Dorchester County .
158 H ISTOR Y OF DORCH ESTE R COUNTY
from the Provost Marsha l in’
the c i ty, a restr i c t ion tha t lastedfor mon ths.
As the war con t inued and the emanc ipa t ion pro clamat ioncam e
,there arose a change in the po l i t i cal sen t imen t of the
people, many o f whom were by the law of mi litary necess ity
depr ived from vo t ing at the general elect ion s, by m i l i taryguards, un less they too k the oath of
“al legiance,
” wh i ch som e
re fused to. d o .
Dur ing th is war per iod the h igh pr i ces o f farm produ ctsand the large amou n t o f mon ey in c ircu lat ion ,
induced some
of the industr iou s and bus in ess people to engage in var iou sen terpr ises to the exten t of al laying party fee l ings on boths ides, wh i ch d id not revive aga in unt i l the r ight of “suffragewas given the negroe s in 1869,when a major i ty of the people
(who were Demo crats) , became fired anew wi th intenseopposi t ion to Republ i can me thod s in the ir generous way of
bestow ing civi l r i ghts. Some wh i te vo ters then refuse-d to
vo te at the po l ls with the negroes, who were t im i d in cast ingthe ir first bal lo t
,but d id vo te a lmost so l i d for the Republ i can
nom inees .
In a lmost every lo cal campaign s in ce then the D emo crat i ci ssue has been made on the negro in po l i t i cs and negrosuffrage .
The great bu lk of the co lored voters have, ever s ince theywere enfranch ise d, coOperated with the wh i te Repub l i can
vo ters in making a party t i cket of wh i te men in the coun tyand State, and the on ly t i cket pos sible to e lect .The colored vo ters have shown good judgmen t in party
affairs not to con ten d for e lect ive O ffices wh i ch they knowthey canno t obta in , owing to. the race prejudice that existsfrom Ma ine to F lor i da, and fro-m Cal i forn ia to Maryland .
Outsi de o f po l i t i cs, labor d isturban ces between wh i tes and
blacks in differen t parts of the coun try strongly show the
exten t and effect of race pr ejudice .
160 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
daughter and n iece of Peter Und erwood, who so l d on e—ha l f
of Cast le Haven” land,
fi fty acres, to John Harwood,in con
si derat ion of one hundred acres of land in Ta lbo t Coun ty,August 2 , 1691 .
By Act of Assembly, in 1674, Peter Underwood was the
first person author i zed to se l l spir i tuous l iquors in DorchesterCoun ty . He was brou ght into the Province of Marylan din 1654,when e ighteen years. o f age , by Mr . M ears . His firstmaster, to whom he was. so ld, was Peter Johnson,
in Calver tCoun ty .
JOHN ’S POINT, COLONIAL HOME OF THE’
WOOLFORDS .
John ’
s Po in t, a tract of land lying on Litt le ChoptankR iver, on the east si de of Tobacco Sti ck Creek
,was surveyed
November 24, 1665 , con ta in ing 2 0 0 acres, for John Hodson .
Some t ime after 1668 th is land be came the property of Bar
tholomew Ennal ls, who,
by his wi l l, made in 1688,be
q ueathed i t to his daughter El izabeth, wife of Col . Roger
Woo l for d, and i t was formal ly con veyed to Roger Woo l fordand Elizabeth, hi s.wife, by John Ennal ls, brother of ElizabethWool ford, August 5 , 1695 .
A par t of th is tract, upon wh i ch is the Oldes t bri ck bu i ld ingin the coun try (see cut) , has been successively he ld by some
l inea l descen dan t of Ro ger Woo l ford down to the present
t ime. Wh i ch of the owners of“John’
s Po in t bu i l t thisquain t o ld bu i l d ing, with wal ls two fee t th i ck and pecu l iar
l i t t le windows, is not absolu te ly known, but even ts and c ir
cum stances , based on fam i ly tradi t ion , po in t to John Hodson
or Hudson. as the bu i lder. The Woo l fords c la imed tha t thefirst Coun ty Court was held there, and that i t was a lso usedas a jai l, eviden t ly before the coun ty seat was removed toCambr i dge, in 1687 . John Hodson was. one of the Coun tyJust i ces in 1674, and i t is qu i te as probable that the CountyCOu rt was held at his hou se as at any other pr ivate hou se in
that sect ion ,where the first cou rts were hel d between 1669
and 1674.
WOOLFORD' S COLONIAL HOME . BROOKS ’ CREEK.
162 H I STORY OF DORCH E STER COUNTY
ho lders of U s and ou r Heirs as o f ou r Mano-r of Nant i coke,of free and Common so-ccage by Fealty on ly for all manner
o f servi ces yie ld ing and paying ther e fore year ly un to us an d
our Heirs at ou r Rece ipt of St . Mary’s at the two most usuallFeasts in the year, V i z t, at the Annunciat ion of the B lessedVirgin Mary
,and at the feast of St . Mi chae l the Archangle
by even and equa l port ions o f the Ren t of 4 s. Ster l ing inS i lver or Go ld and for a fine upon every Alionation of the
said Lan d or any part or parcel thereo f, on e who le year’
s
Ren t in Si lver or Gold or the fu l l Value thereof in su ch Comod ities as we or our He irs or su ch O fficer or O fficers ap
po in ted by us or ou r He irs from th is t ime to t ime to Col lectand rece i ve the same shal l accept in Discharge thereof at theCho i ce o f U s or ou r He irs o r such officers or officer a fd . P ro
vid ed that, i f the sai d Wil l iam Jon es his He irs or Assigns shal lnot pay un to us or ou r He irs or such o fficer or offi cers a
’
f’
d
the sa i d Sume for a fine before su ch Al ienat ion ,and En ter the
sai d Al ienat ion upon Record e i ther in the Provin c ia l Court orCoun ty Cou rt where the said Parce l of Land lyeth with in
on e Mon th next after such Al i enat ion the sai d Alien acon
Shal l be voi d and of non e Effe ct, Gi ven at ou r C i ty of Sa int
Mari es under ou r great Seal of our Sd . Province of Maryland the 6th Day of September in the 39th year of our Dom
in ion over our Sd Province Annog Dom i V 1673In Test imon y
,That the aforego ing is a true Copy taken
from l iber Vi, 14 fo l io 83 on e of the Record Books be longing to the Land Office of the Province of Maryland , I have
hereun to set my hand and affixed the sea l of the sai d office,2 0 th Day of September Annog Dom in i 1769
Test . WM . STE UART C lk Sd O ffice .
SOME OLD FERRIES .
Ferr ies were firs-t establ ished by Acts of Assembly . The
first of record in Dor chester Coun ty was acro ss the Choptank from Ta lbot Coun ty to Dor chester ; the next, acros s the
Nan t i coke, from Dor chester Cou n ty to Som er se t . Thev
were establ ished for publ i c conven ience in 167 1 .
RENT ROLLS AND QU IT RENTs 163
In later years, as the coun ty grew in popu lat ion o therswere needed and in 1690 ,
on e was in. ope-rat ion between Cas
tle Haven and Clo-ra’
s Po in t , on the Choptank R iver, —“sal
ary pa i d, four thou sand lbs. of toba cco ,in casks .
”
In 1786 the ferry over F ish ing Creek, to Hooper’
s I s land ,was kept by John Gr iffi th for an annua l sa lary of fi ftee n
pounds. The requ ired. capac i ty of the boat was for carrying fou r men and fou r hor ses at on e tr ip. At Crotcher
’
s
Ferry, John Sears was keeper— sa lary, twenty—five pounds . In
1787 a ferry over Chesapeake Bay,from Tar Bay, to the
mou th o f the Patuxen t River,was kept byR i chard Tub-man
salary, fi fty pounds. The ferry charge on a four-whee l carriage, was one pou nd and fifteen sh i l l ings . In 1788 a ferryfrom Cambr i dge , over the Choptank to Talbot shor e, was
kept by Dan Akers, at a sa lary of fi fty pou nds .
In 1786“The Court agreed with Elizabe th Travers, widow
of Henry, to. keep the fer ry over Slaughter Creek,from the
ma in. to where the sa i d H enry former ly l ived ,upon the fo l
lowing terms, to wit ; She is to keep con stan t ly and in goo dorder a suffic ien t bo at that wi l l safel y carry six passengersand three horses at once,with two able bod ied han ds to
at tend the sai d ferry ; and is to be al lowed at the rate of thir tyseven pounds and ten sh i l l ings Curren t mon ey by the year
for keeping the same ; and the Cou rt have named in Curren tmon ey, the pr i ces of ferr iages at the sai d ferry , for stranger s,the ir hor ses . and carr iages at the fo l lowing rates to wit‘
For a single passenger, 6d . ; for a single passenger and
hor se,I s . ; for a two—whee l car r iage , 2 s .
,6d . ; for a wagon , 5 s .
RENT ROLLS AND QUIT RENTS .
On all lands gran ted in Maryland, by the Lord Propr ietary to. set t lers in his provin ce under his “con di t ion of plan
tat ion,
”he reserved an in terest in each grant
,and st ipu lated
an annual land-ren t to be pai d by the gran tee, for two pu r
pos es ; the first was to sat isfy a demand of al legian ce to the
Proprie tary from the freeho lders,for o ther claims o f service
as subj ects of his Lo rdsh ip’
s realm ; and the secon d, though
164 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
smal l in separa te charges, yet large in the aggregate,— was
his sou rce of personal revenue, wh i ch annua l ly amoun tedto a handsome in come .
Duri ng and after the Revolu t ion . of 1776, the qu i t ren ts
were unpa i d and became in arrears . H enry Harford’s arrearc laim on Nan t icoke Manor and o ther lands in the coun tyat 18 farth ings per acre, amoun ted to £4297, 5 10 , in NO
vember, 1786.
ACAD IAN EX ILES FROM NOVA SCOTIA SCAT
TERED IN DORCHESTER COUNTY .
In 1756, when the en t ire co lon y o f Fren ch “Acadians of
Nova Sco t ia” was barbarou s ly deported and d istr ibu ted l ikecat t le throughou t the Ameri can co lon ies, three vesse l loadswere brought to Maryland, one of wh i ch was sen t to Oxfor dfor d istr ibu t ion in Ta lbo t and Dor chester Coun t ies . The irunexpected arr iva l and no pr eparat ion to recei ve and pro tectthem in win try weather, made strong appeals for pi ty and
he lp from the benevo len t people o f the coun ty whose chari tysaved them from starving at on ce.
At the Apr i l session o f the Assembly, 175 7, an Act was
passed to empower the Just i ces of Dorchester and o thercoun t ies to make provis ion s for the ir support to some exten t .Somewhere in the o ld documen ts o f the Cou rt at Cambr i dgethere must be an in terest ing record of what was don e forthose he lp-less peop le of various ages and differen t sexes whocou ld not speak or understand English . Dependen t on vol
unteer char i ty for bread and she l ter, soon after thei r arr iva l,a broken-hearted mo ther, separated fro-m all her fam i ly, d iedhom e less and friendless in Dorche ster Coun ty . Might shenot have been the mother of Lon gfel low
’
s Gabrie l” or
somebody’s “Evange l ine !
CONGRESS IONAL D ISTR ICTS INCLUD ING
DORCHESTER COUNTY .
The Eighth Congressional D i str i c t la i d ou t in 1791 was
made up of Dorches ter, Som erset and Worcester Coun t ies .
166 H I STORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
lock, Alfred Stewart, James Higgins, John G . Mil ls,Wil lardE . West, W . La ird
,Henry J . Watson Thompson , Fred . H .
F letcher,T . Sangston In sley,Thos.. E . La t imer,W . Ham i l tonSpedden , C . L . Nor throp,
and S . E . W . Camper, color ed .
A TAX ON BACHELORS FOR THE KING’S
REVENUE .
A comm i t tee was appoi n ted by Act of Ass embly, May,
1756, to make a repo rt on the bi l ls o f credi t and dues thatremain for his Maj esty
’
s servi ce,wi th the ba lan ce in the“ Iron
P ot,”and revenues der ived from var ious sou rces .
In the report made by Char les Dickinson , of Dor chesterCoun ty, in the tax l ist were these i tems :
“1756
— to the 15 th
O f O ctober in the same year, £3 1 , 5 16, do .,bat che lor s ; £5 5 ,
S I 8, do l i quor s.
”
The annua l tax on each bachelor was levied according tofinancia l worth, a single man twen ty-five years of age or over,worth one hundred pounds, and /
not over three hundred
pounds, was taxed fi fteen sh i l lings ; i f wor th mor e than threehundred pou nds, twen ty sh i l l ings was the annua l tax .
MARR IAGE .
Requ iremen ts for lega l marr iages in terest ing to those con
templating matr imon ia l un ion :
The laws o f the State of Maryland requ ire Ecclesiast i ca lauthor i ty over “Matr imon ia l Causes” and preven ts marri agesfrom being a civi l con tract a lone , some re l igious ceremon y oflegal recogn i t ion must be used . Maryland is the on ly Statein the Un ion “that requ ires church consen t to make marriage
legal .”
ROBERT MORR IS , PR ICES OF MERCHAND ISE IN
H IS STORE AT CAMBR IDGE
There is no th ing disclosed in h istory of the ear ly l i fe of
Robert Mor ris, who was on e o f the con spi cuous figures Of
ROBERT MORR IS’ LEDGER 167
Amer i can h istory dur ing the Revo lu t ion . But recen t ly therehas been found in the o ffice of the C lerk of the C ircu i t Court
for Dorchester Coun ty, an old ledger in scr ibed “Robert Mor
r is. I t was discovered upon examinat ion of the con ten ts tohave been the property of the father of the Revolu t ionary
F inan cier .
“Robert Mor r is, Jun ior ,”as i t appe ars in the
ledger on a page dated 1748, was born in England in 1734,
and came to th is country when abou t ten years of age . In
Ph i lade lph ia h is teacher was eviden t ly Mr . Robert Greenway,as there is an accou n t kept in the ledger wi th him for
“Rob
ert’s schoo l ing, boo ks, etc .
Robert Mo rr is, Sen ior, gives a sket ch o f h imse l f in the led
ger as,fol lows :
Ledger B - 1747 .
B e longing to and con tain ing the accoun ts of the sub
scr iber, son of Andrew Morr is, Mar iner and Mand line ,hi s
wi fe,o f Liverpoo le, in the coun ty o f Lan cash ire, in Great
B r i ta in, where the subscr iber was born Apr i l the seven teenth
d ay in the year of ou r Lor d, on e thou sand and seven hundred
and e leven . O n the 17th of Apr i l, 1747, the balances trans
ferred from a Former Ledger in to th is, were just ly due to
and fromRO BE RT MORR I S .
He was a factor in Maryland o f Foster Cunl iff, E sq .,
Sons, of Liverpoo l, England . He a lso managed threestores, one at Wye, Oxford , and Cambr i dge, respect ive ly .
The lat ter was in charge o f Mr . John Cai le, who at that date
was C lerk of the Court, and in to whos e pos session the ledger
fel l . At the death of Robert Morr is, Mr . Cai le inverted the
ledge-r and used i t as a fee book in his office .
From the fol low ing accoun ts kept by Mr . John Ca i le the
pr i ces of var iou s merchandise may be seen :
168
. 4. I 742
1746Sept. 6
I 747.Aug . 10
I) ec . 24
I 74OJune 27
I 747July I
H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
To amount of store per acct.
sent home and received casksAmt . of I nventory of good s
DO . Househo ld good s, etc .
Debts in S ter l ing Money
Mary land Money
1 Tobacco 380000 a gBals . Cash on Hand {334 3-2 54 Car 33%Paper Money {300-18 a 120
Tob. 107 hhd s . 97045 a
S loop “ Oxford ” valued at
From Capt. John Mackeel , Of the L iverpoole Merchant, as per invo ice,
30 Servants ,5 s d
By Rev . Ne i l McCallum for Sundry Booksas per Catalogue
By 14 Bbls . Pork , a Dr . Murray
Capt. John Johnson , for
1 S i lver buck le
Loundes Whaley ,1 Backgammon table
Capt. John Johnson ,
3 Umbarellas
By the“Cund iff , Capt . Johnson ,
40 Ton s P igg I ron -10
By the Chop tank ,12 Tons P igg Iron
TO amount Of sund ry good s now in store 96
B i l l due me 2 Currys at 100 757 do z . Bags felt Hafts 75 Box A21
1;
1 Cornr i ck NO . 62
Dr . To 1 l ight co loured b C w iggFor Mr . Wm . Go ld sborough
Cr . By John Cai le for c lean ing his watch
150
180
54
00 OO
16 6
18 6
I 3 9
OO 00
6 00
3 6
16 7
11 9
17 O
10 o
17 O
Ind ian History .
CHAPTER XX .
DORCHE STE R COUNTY INDIAN S— BRANCHE S OF THE ALGONQU IN FAMILYDRIVE N BY THE I R ENEMIE S FROM FORME R HOME S— TOOK RE FUGEON THE EASTE RN SHORE PEN INSULA — CHIE F TRIBE , THE NANTICOKE S—PE CULIARITIE S IN MEMORY OF THE IR DEAD— INDIAN CHIE F ,“BILLY RUMLE Y ,
”AND HI S WHITE WI FE — ENCROACHMENTS BY
WHITE SETTLE RS — GRANTED RE SE RVATIONS BY THE LORD PROPRI ETARY— E FFECT OF LI QUOR TRAFFIC UPON THE INDIANS — OTHE RIMPOS ITIONs— CONSPIRACY WITH THE
“s1x NATIONS ” To MASSACRE
THE WHITE SETTLE RS IN 1742— THE 1R GRADUAL DEPARTURE FROM
DORCHE STE R COUNTY— REMNANTS LE FT DI SAPPEARED BY INTE RMAR
RIAGE W ITH THE BLACK RACE .
Some of the Indian tr ibes and ch iefs, branches of the Al
gon q u in fam i ly (recogn i zed by their language) that inhabitedthe Eastern Shore before Amer i ca was d iscovered, l ived inthe terr i tory now known as. Dor chester Coun ty . There is
mu ch o f thr i l l ing in terest that cou ld be sai d of them and the irdescendan ts. They were first seen in 1608, by Capt . JohnSm i th and his exploring party from Virgin ia, and later by thecolon ists of Maryland .
Many suns before the pale- faces came to invade the ir happyland of refuge , they had come to l ive on th is pen insu la, having been dr iven by the superi or forces of o ther tribes fromancien t home
-s lon g loved and we l l remembered, wh i ch in
their trad i t ional h istory, they period i cal ly pi ctured on the
surfaces o f changing nature —wood , earth and stone— and
impressed on the reten t ive memor ies of each r ising generat ion . One of the largest tr ibes in Dorchester Coun ty was
the Nan t i cokes . In the story of the ir m igrat ion, thei r god
providen t ial ly he lped them . Som ewhere on thei r
way they came to a great water ; on e of the ir gu i des that wen tbefore them tri ed the depth of i t wi th a lon g po le and foundi t too deep for them to wade through . In the ir d istressed
INDIAN TRIBE S 17 1
s i tuat ion and doubt abo ut what course to pursue, the ir God
made a br i dge over the water in one n ight and the nextmorn ing after they had all passed over, God took away thebridge .
”
The word Nan t i coke seems to mean t ide-water people,and is der ived from the name of one of the Lenape subtr ibes,Unalachtgo . They a lso had the name o f Tiawco ,
and a
Mohegan name was. O tayachgo ,wh i ch means
“br i dge peo
ple . They were skil l fu l br i dge bu i lders and constru ctedbr idges o f float ing logs made in to rafts .
The Nan t i cokes, Abacoes, W iwa shes, Ahatchwhoops and
o ther tribes in Dor chester Cou n ty, c laimed by the ir trad it ion s, Lenape o f the De lawares, to be the ir gran dfather , andthe Moh egans the ir brethren .
They had a pecu l iar and sacred respec t for thei r dead , theco rpse was bur ied for som e mon ths and then exhumed and
the bon es. carefu l ly c leaned and placed in an“ossuary,
” cal ledman - to kump (Man i to) , with the lo cat ive term inat ion or
rather sign ificat ion ,
“
place of the. mystery or spi r i t .” When
these tr ibes moved from on e place to ano ther they carr ied
the bone s o f their dead with them . When they left Dor
chester Coun ty abou t the m i dd le o f the ei ghteen th centurv
and set t led in No rthern Pennsylvan ia they carr ied the irsacred re l i cs and bur ied them n ear the pr ese n t si te of To
wanda,Indian name
,Tawnndennk, l i tera l ly mean ing
“wherewe bu ry ou r dead .
”
Trad it ion says. that one Ol d Ind ian ch ief of the W iwashtribe, who l ived near
“Goos e Creek” in what is now ca l led“Strai ts Di stri c t
,adopted an E ngl ish name for h imsel f.
B i l ly Rum ley,”he own ed a large tract of land and marr ied
( P) a wh i te woman . They l ived on the place , owned som e
years ago and oc cupi ed by James Robins ; i t is now own edand o ccupied by Cap-t. Hen ry W . Ell io t t . There the o ld
ch ief was bur ied . When his tr ibe left for a nor the rn home he
refused to go with them . In that ne ighborhood i t is to l dthat that o ld ch ief som et imes pun ished h is wife by placingher on the lubber—po-le of his big ch imn ey and then smok edher from a smou lder ing fire on the hearth be low . Th is he
172 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
sai d was done to make her sweet . Whe ther h is pu rpose wasto sweeten her temper or improve her hygien i ca l ly, by hissmoking proc ess, to su i t his pecu l iar tastes may st i l l be a quest ion for publ i c op in ion . D escendan ts o f that ch ief and hisEnglish wife are sai d to be l iv ing at th is t ime .
Soon after the format ion of the coun ty by wh i te set t lersa long the coast l in e of the Bay and r ivers, they be gan to ad
van ce the ir ou tposts and l in es of set t lemen t towards the in terior and Indian set t lemen ts . Through a trad ing in tercoursebetween the wh i tes and Indians var ious d isturbances and ser ious disputes ear ly oc curred that led to the ki l l ing of sev eralIndians and retal iat ion by them . They murdered severalwh i te person s and abducted some wh i te ch i l dren . These actsof vio len ce a lmost brought on a war against the Nan t i cokes,then the mos t menac ing tribe. However
,every con ten t ion
be tween the wh i tes and Indians resu l ted in addi t ion al advan
tages for the wh i tes, and a gradual W i thdrawing of the nat ives
from the lo cal i ty of the Engl ish set t lemen ts.
To avo i d many possib le d ifficu l t ies in trad ing with the
Ind ians, a pr ivi lege was gran ted every wh i te inhab itan t of
Dorchester Coun ty to trade with them withou t l i cense at
Capt . Henry Tr ipp’
s hou se, in 1680 . Previous ly, the Gov
ernor had issued special l i censes to ind ivi dual traders, who
cou l d go to the Indian camps and there trade, o ften sel l ingthem guns, ammun i t ion and wh iskey, in vio lat ion of the trad
ing regu lat ion s, wh i ch caused mu ch trouble between the col
on ists and nat ives .
In K i lteys’ “Landho lders’ Assistan t he says : The Indian
inhabitan ts on the Choptank and Nan t i coke R ivers on the
Eastern Shore, became desirou s of be ing secured in the pos
session o i lands by grant from the Propr ietary ; that in con se
q uence, a gran t was made to the Choptank Indian s in the
year 1669, and on e to the Nan t i coke Indians in 1704, in
respec t to wh i ch a var iety Of provis ion s and mod ificat ions
too k place by subsequ en t Acts of Assembly, the most impor t
ant o~f wh i ch I shal l here exam ine, confin ing myse l f to what
has been done by law .
174 H ISTORY OF DORCH E STE R COUNTY
and so down the main r i ver to the mou th of the afor esai dChickawan Cree-k) ; sha l l be confirmed and assured
, and
by V irtue of thi s Act is. confirmed and assured un to P an
quash and Amo-toughq uan , and the peop le under thei rgovernmen t or charge, and the ir he irs and successor sforever ; any law , usage, custom, or gran t to the con traryin anywise no twi thstanding . To be he ld of the Lo rdProprietary and his he irs, Lord Propr ietary or Lor dPropr ietar ies o f th is pr ovince,
under the yearly ren t of on ebeaver skin , to be pa i d to h is sai d lor dsh ip and h is he irs as
o ther ren ts in th is provin ce by the Engl ish used to be pai d .
’
These two reservat ion s for the Indians in Dor chesterCoun ty each con tained abou t four thou sand acres of land . In
172 1 these lands were surveyed under a comm ission ap
po in ted by the Governor and con firmed by an Act of 172 3 ,
Chap. 18 . Th is Act gave free and un in terrupted posses sionto the Nant i coke Indians of all the ir lands on the Nan t i cok eand North Wes t Fork R ive-rs so long as an y of themrema ined there: and did not to ta l ly desert and qu i t -c laim i t .They were depr ived from se l l ing or leas ing any part of the ir
lands . Th e same Act also appl ied to the Choptank Indiansand the ir lan ds . Sub-sequen t Acts show how the Choptankand Nan t i coke Indians gradual ly surrendered their lands tothe Engl ish invaders.
In the year 170 5 some of the Indian s threa tened , by theiract ion s, hos t i le movemen ts against the wh i tes, and Governor
Seymou r au thor i zed Co l . Th omas E nnalls of Dor ches terCoun ty to make a treaty wi th the Nan t i coke Indians . Art i c les
of peace were agreed upon May the 19th, with the two» ch iefs,Ashq uash, Emperor o f the Nan t i cokes, and W innough
q uargn-o King o f the Babcoes. and Ahatchwoops, and with
Robin Hoo d , ch ief o f the Ind ian R iver Ind ians, on behal f ofhis queen
,Wyranfconm ickon ono ,
queen of the sai d Indians.
In the treaty, Ashq uash was. requ ired to pay year ly to C0 1.
E nnalls, for the use o f the Queen of England, four arrows and
two bows to be de l ivered to the Governor as a tr ibu te or
acknowledgemen t to her majesty and as a token of the con
tinuance of th is peace .
” O ther con dit ions of the treaty
PROCLAMATION AGAIN ST TH E LIQUOR TRAFFI C 175
were that the Empero r Ashq uash and his Indians shou ld suf
fic iently fence in the cornfie ld s, whi ch shou ld be plan ted bythem, at least seven or e ight logs h igh, a lso , as the E nglishcou l d not dist ingu ish on e Ind ian from another
,no» Indian was
to come in to any Englishman’
s plan tat ion , pain ted, butShou ld lay down the ir guns, bows and arrows and cal l aloudbefore they came with in 30 0 pa ces of any c lear ground .
The ch iefs to ld Co l . E nnalls that the English brou ghtl iquo rs and sold them to the ir people.
“To break up th is
traffic the Governor issu ed a pro clamat ion that the great men
of the Indian towns, upon su ch l i quors be ing brought th i ther,to brake and stave the bott les, casks and barre ls, or over—setand spi l l su ch other vesse ls where in such l i quors shal l bewithou t being troubled to answer any complain t on thatscor e .
” Much of the hard cider and brandy made from the
fru i ts of the farmers’
or chards in Dorches ter Cou n ty was so l dto the Indians in violat ion of the Act passed in 17 15 , that forbade “
all persons from carrying l iquor to any Ind ian town or
with in three m i les thereo f, and se l l ing the same to any Ind ianunder penal ty of 50 0 0 pou nds of tobacco ; or sel l ing above
one ga l lon of spir i ts or fermen ted l iquor to any Indian in one
day . Th is quan t i ty of spir i ts was qui te enough after all to
make all the Indians drunk every day .
When the Indians were imposed upon by the Engl ish,they
o ften appealed to the cou n c i l of the province for redress.
Teq uassino , on e o f the great men , compla ined“that he so ld a
hor se to an Englishman in Cabin Creek , the name of the man
he d id not know, but there was st i l l due h im on the horse
e ight matchcoats .
1The Coun c i l or dered the Sher iff of Dor
chester Cou n ty to take in to his custody Henry T homas to
answer the compla in t for non -
paymen t due on the horse .
”
In 1742 the Six Nat ions, al l ied Indian tr ibes, la i d claim to
large tracts o f Maryland land a long the Susquehan na and
Po tomac R ivers, and on the Eastern Shore of the Chesa
peake Bay, and c laimed such paymen t for i t as they est imated
l A matchcoat w as an Ind ian blanket, made of Duffield c loth , w ith the
woo l long upon one s id e so as to rem ind the savages o f their furs .
176 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
the land to be wor th . After som e delay and fa i lure to negotiate a sale of the ir c laims the Shawnee Indians tr ied to persuade the Eastern Shore Indians to r ise in revo l t wi th themand massacre the wh i te sett lers. Some fr iendly Ind ians informed the wh i tes O-f the plo t, prompt defen ces were madealong the fron t ier, and a grea t massacre was averted . The
story of the con spiracy is fu l ly explained in the fo l lowingaffidavi t :
‘
The examinat ion o f Jemmy Smallhomony, one of the
Atchawamp Indians of Great Choptank , taken before me,
Henry Hooper, on e o f his Lordsh ip’
s Just i ces of the P ro-Vin
c ial Cou rt,taken th is. 2 5 th day of June, 1742 .
“Th is exam ina te sayeth that abou t the m idd le of May last
there. was. an agreemen t made between some Ind ians thatcame from Shawan (be ing 2 3 in number) , and the severa lnat ions of ou r own Ind ians
,to r ise and cut off the Engl ish,
and that two of our Ind ians wen t up with them in order toknow the t ime wh i ch was agree d on to be th is moon , and to
be assisted with 50 0 of the Shawan and Nor thern Indians, andabou t the same t ime the Fren ch , with the assistan ce of otherInd ians, wer e to at tack the back inhabitan ts o f Maryland and
Pennsylvan ia . Th is. exam inan t further saieth that the severa lnat ions of our Indians have bu i l t a lodge house abou t 2 0 feetlong and 15 feet wide in Poc omoke Swamp for a repos i tory tosecure the ir arms. an d ammun i t ion , and that they now in the
sai d house have severa l guns with a goo d dea l o f ammun i t ion ,
and a large quan t i ty of po isoned arrows po inted with brass,and that they intended to begin the at tack in Som erset andDorset, and several places in on e and the same n ight, and
when they had cut off the Engl ish in those two cou n t ies, toextend their con quest upwards t i l l they had jo ined the otherIndians and the French . Th is deponen t further sai th the
Sa i d Indians in tended to destroy man, woman and chi ld, as
far as they extended their con quest, etc .
h is
JE MMY X SMALLHOMMONY .
markTaken the day and year above wr i t ten by me .
“HE NRY HOO PE R .
Colored Race in Dorchester County .
CHAPTER XX I .
SLAVE RY DAYS—PE RI OD OF FREEDOM -PROGRE S S- CHURCHE S .
With the first wh i te sett lers that came to Dorchester, blacks laves or servan ts were brought, few at first but as farm inggrew and cheap labor became profitable d irect importat ionsof negroe s were landed at Cambri dge and Vienna, and so ldfor the cost of transportat ion . From the ear l iest days of thes lave-holding per iod to its term inat ion there were some freeb lacks who had e i ther bought the ir freedom fro-m the ir mas
ters or had been set free at a certa in age or by decree at the irmaster ’
s death .
Slave servi ce was. not more severe in Dorchester thanin o ther s lave-ho l d ing sect ions of the coun try . As e lsewhere, members of slave fam i l ies were l iable to be so ld and
separated, husband from wife, and ch i l dren from paren ts.
Some masters and overseers cruel ly treated their slaves, whowere scant i ly c lo thed and poor ly fed , wh i le o
-vertasked and
wh ipped for fa i l ing to perform excessive work . Inhuman
crue l ty was rare, but from the l ips of my grandmo ther I wasto ld of a woman , owner of a number of slaves, and whosename is st i l l perpetua ted by her descendan ts on the EasternShore, who had her slaves l ined up and wh ipped every Mon
day morn ing, those most deserving of pun ishmen t beingwashed with sa l t and water pi ckle after the wh ipping. I am
unab le to dec i de why she had the sal t water appl ied . Was
i t an an t isept i c treatmen t for in jured t issue, or was i t toinfl i ct more pun ishmen t by the severe irri tat ion i t produced'On appl i cat ion to excoriated backs !
In the coun ty, pub l i c and priva te sales of slaves were frequen t dur ing the colon ial period ; the traffic was. then local
COLORED CHURCH E S 179
and ch iefly confined to the coun t ies o f Maryland . After theRevo lu t ion ,when new States were organ i zed in the “Sou th,
”
the set t lers there n eeded more manua l labor, wh i ch made an
act ive demand for Maryland slaves at a good pr i ce . Negrobuyers, o ften ca l led “Georgia Traders,
” came to Cambr i dgeand other places in the coun ty and bought young slaveswhom they carr ied Sou th .
” At these heart -rending sepa
rat ions between the s lave husband and wife, paren ts and
ch i ldren , bro thers and s isters, r ivers of burn ing tears wer e
pou red out, and bitter wai ls of lamen tat ion sen t up to Himwho heareth all th ings and seeth the “
sparrow fal l .”
In His
own providen t ia l t ime and way He seemeth to have made thebondmen free .
In 1863 the eman cipated co lored people with free blacks inthe coun ty number ed abou t 840 0 ; by the cen sus of 190 0
abou t 9463 , a very slow increase of abou t on e—fourth o f on e
per cent . annual ly .
On industr ial l ines,the advancemen t of the co lored race
here has been s low,many having bare ly met the scan ty re
q u irements for food and c loth ing . Many o thers haveacq u ired personal and rea l property and l ive very com for tablv. In educat ion the young have made creditable pro
gre-ss with the faci l i t ies afforded . As. in s lavery days, they
are a pun ctual and zealous church-go ing people . In manyfam i l ies their cu l t ivated goo d hab i ts mark ou t a progressi ve
and better fu ture for the frugal and industrious.
Church influen ces and bus iness asso ciat ion w i th the pre
dom inan t wh i te inhabi tan ts have had an e levat ing effect onmost Of the co lored race in the coun ty ; the masses are law
abiding, qu iet and peaceable c i t i zens .
THE IR CHURCHES .
The co lo red race throughou t the coun ty has respectableand fair si zed church bu i ld ings. In Cambr idge,
“WaughChape l
” M . E . Church was first bu i l t in 182 6, wh i ch was
replaced by a second bu i ld ing and that by a th ird , wh i ch hasbeen abandoned for the fourth one now wel l advan ced
H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
towards complet ion . I t is a handsome structure, bu i l t of
br i ck and gray ston e tr imm ings in the latest sty le of arch itecture. B . D . Pr i ce, E sq .,
is the archi te ct, and J . Benj .B rown the con tractor. I t wi l l cost abou t e leven thou sandd ol lars and seat six or seven hundred peop le . The membersh ip is over three hundred, wh i le there is a large Sundayschoo l of two hundred scho lars. The presen t pastor is. Rev.
A . L . Mart in,who has been in charge of the church for sev
eral years. He is a graduate of'
P rincess Anne Academy,and Morgan Col lege of Bal t imore . The new WaughChape l, when completed, W i l l be one o f the finest churches inthe Delaware Con ference Distr i ct .Bethe l Afr i can M . E . Church, in Cambr idge, was bu i l t in
1879. I t is a neat, br i ck edifice, wi th a membersh ip O f abou tthree hundred, with a fine Sunday schoo l of about two hundred pupi ls. The pastor,who has been in charge of the con
gregation for the past five years, is Rev. James E . Mart in,a
nat ive of Char leston, S . C . He was educated at HowardUn iversi ty . Th is. church belongs to the Bal t imore Confer
ence .
In Dorchester Coun ty there are fifteen churches for colored
peop le that belon g to the D e lawar e Con feren ce and seven to
the Bal t imore Con feren ce, con trol led by a body of twentyfou r bishops. There is on e co lored Bapt ist church in Cam
br i dge,Z ion B . bu i l t in 1895 . Rev. Mr . Sco t t is the
pastor .
Domestic and Social Life in Colonial Days .
CHAPTER XX I I .
The pion eer sett lers, who were led by the hand o f dest inyto se lect that part of the Eastern Shor e between the Choptank and the Nan t i coke R ivers
,as ear ly as 1645 , and later on,
came with some knowledge o f co lon i zat ion,as most of them
were from Virgin ia, the Western Shore and Ken t Island .
With sma l l means they were o bl iged to con struct cheap and
pla in rough—hewn hou ses of logs and clap—boards ou t o f the
abundan ce of t imber that densely grew on every acre o f land .
With more refinemen t and bet ter managemen t, they did not
becom e cave-dwe l lers, l ike hun dreds o f their Pennsylvan iane ighbors
, who dug out caves for hom es in the si des of h i l ls,that were used by humble newcomers to l ive in for hal f acen tury . Withou t saw -m i l ls and br i ck ki lns, ou r an ces tor s,sturdy and stron g, with axe in hand , were the arch i tects of
their log cabin homes ; many were bu i l t comfor table and sub
stantial, though the broad ch imneys were constru cted of c layand ri ven st i cks of wood ,
and the claph board door s and w in
dow shu t ters were hung on wood en h inges . Th e simpledoor fasten ings for those combinat ion house'
s— the best room
and kitchen— was the wooden lat ch to wh i ch the latch-str ing
was at tached, that usua l ly hung ou tsi de . Th is outhanging
lat ch- string was the symbo l of ne ighbor ly we l com e to. enter
the threshold of co lon ial hospi tal i ty, where wi th in warm
hearted hos ts generously d ispense-d to the ir guests. the bestthat cou l d be had to eat, with every home and fires i de com
for t at their command .
When prosper i ty and wea l th came to the exclusively agr icu l tura l colon ists from profitable crops of tobacco ,
dwe l l inghouses and o ther farm. bu i l d ings were great ly improved ;where once stoo d the log—cabin there rose the commod iou s
182 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
dwe l l ing . Domest i c and for eign luxur ies were soon co l
lected in and abou t many a plan ter’
s home. Mo st co lon istsloved loca t ion s commanding V iews an d water- fron ts. How
interest ing to V is i t o ld hou ses bu i l t in colon ia l t imes, or no te
S i tes where o thers on ce stood in places we l l and taste fu l lychosen by their departed founders.
To return to the pr im i t ive se t t lers in the ir bare ly furn ishedhomes ; there is mu ch to no te of the ir many domest i c privat ions. and incon ven ien ces . Yet they always had one com
fort,the open blaz ing fire in great fireplaces, for wood was
c lose by and plen t i fu l and on ly cost the cu t t ing . To avoi dtoo mu ch wood cu t t ing and spl i tt ing, the fireplaces werebu i l t very large, e ight , n ine or ten fee t wide and four or five
feet in depth ; som e were so large that the ch i ldren cou l dsit insi de. the jambs wh i le the d inner was bo i l ing in the greatiron pot, swung on the pot
-rack over the flam ing log-fire .
THE L IGHT OF OTHER N IGHTS .
When twi l ight ushered in the n ight and the log-fires dim lyburned on state ly hearths
,the pine
-kno ts then were l ighted,the co lon ial lamps of that day, wh i ch cast bri ght reflec t ionsthroughou t the house and hom e ly shadow s of the hom inymor tar and spinn ing whee l upon the wh i te-washed wal ls.
At that per iod candles were cost ly and scarce, and ta l lo-w
was h i gh . Candles imported were worth four pen ce apiece .
But soo n the colon ia l hou sewife made her candle wi cks and
d ipped her own. candle-s or cast them in meta l mo lds, thustediou sly made, they were econ om i cal ly used . Min isterM on a sma l l in com e, i t is sai d , had his candle extin
gu ished as a frugal pract i ce dur ing long fam i ly prayers everyeven ing .
Withou t candles at first , and later, o i l lamps , every farmer
lai d in a good supply of“ l i ght-wood” for win ter ; even to day
Open fireplaces and“ l igh t -wood ”
are st i l l in. use by a few
o ld - fash ioned, rura l resi den ts . Grass, pewter and lead candle
st i cks were fol low ed by iron , pew ter and glass lamps .
184 H ISTORY OF DORCH ESTER COUNTY
ever passe-d with in the mou ths of hungry ch i ldhood before or
since the days ofmod ern cookery . Wh i le the poor had but fewhouseho ld good s, the we l l- to~do homes were bet ter suppl ied .
O f tab le-ware, ch ina was very rare and never common ly usedbefore the Revo lut ionary per iod . Among the first set t lers,wooden plates or trenchers, meta l kn ives , pewter spoon s and
some earthen d ishes with a pewter or si lver tankard of water,completed the tab le ou tfit in plain home
-s. Table for ks were
almos t unknow n, the first men t ion of a fork in .n ia was
in 1677 . The wr i ter,when a boy, saw his un c le mol d pew
ter spoon s in molds that his grandfather brought fromEngland . Glassware was very rare ; glass bo t t les were so
appreciated as. to be spec ial ly ment ion ed in w i lls . Separatedrinking cups for each person at the d in ing tab le were not
in use . When large tumblers were first brought in to use
they were passed from on e person to ano ther to take a dr inkof the con ten ts, whether i t be water, cider or wine . Gou rdswere abundan t ly raised on the farms and use
-d in everykitchen for dipping water and drinking i t as we l l . Wh i lethose ear ly set t lers bor e many pr ivat ions, yet they improvised some conven ien ces. In the place o f manu facturedchairs, then so scarce, they made benches for seats at the d ining table, where, by the way, ch i ldren were not a l lowed to
sit with thei r e lders or paren ts at meals, and o ften wererequ ired to eat the ir meals wh i le standing— a strange, a lmos tcruel, custom . Home-made: spoon s, trays, tren chers and
hom iny mor tars of woo d were househo ld necessi t ies, and
wood en forks, shove ls and plou ghs were equa l ly as usefu l
in the fie lds. Food suppl ies were amp le— Indian corn , some
hogs and cat t le, deer and wi ld turkeys in abundan ce ; fish. of
many kinds in every r iver, and oysters coveri ng every bar
and r iver bo t tom . O f th is var iety of food on ly corn bread
was obj ect ionable, in some ins tances its constan t use caused“ fam i ly jars” and led to the greater cu l t ivat ion of wheat, and
the use of more wheat bread . With these l im i ted resources
and but few o thers,the plain se t t lers and their descendants
con st i tut ing the great bu lk of the popu lat ion in Dor chester
SOCIAL LIFE IN COLONIAL DORSET 185
Coun ty, l ived for a hundred years befor e they much improvedthe ir domest i c surround ings.
CLASS D ISTINCTIONS AMONG THE WH ITES .
Amon g the ear ly colon ists in the cou n ty, a few came withmeans that enab led them to buy large tracts of land, wh i chthey so ld to advantage in smal ler lots or extensive ly cu l t ivated i th servan ts at a good profit . Soon they became
weal thy and formed a dist in ct soc ia l c lass, ch iefly slaveho lders. Th is l ine of d ist in ct ion was so defin i tely drawn at
some places that poor wh i te fam i l ies and the fam i ly tenan tsof large land holders were assigned to separate parts of the
church when at tending re l igiou s serv ice, and at pu bl i c placesor taverns the weal thy fam i l ies were guests of the par lors andd in ing rooms wh i le the tenan ts’ fam i l ies were quartered inthe kitchens and back rooms.
Dom est i c surround ings and home conven ien ces great lyinfluen ced and graded soc ial l i fe ,
wh i ch is described as fol
lows :
SOC IAL L I FE IN COLONIAL DORSET .
(By Mrs . Hester Dorsey R i chardson . )
In reviewing the so cia l l i fe of Do rchester Coun ty in co l
on-ial days we find that i t had no pecu l iar or d ist in ct ive cus
toms of its own— that i t shared wi th. o ther count ies the goodold Engl ish mod e of l i fe, pr im i t ive in. the ear ly days but based'
preem inen t ly upon the exclus ive i deas of the Engl ish gen try .
Here as el sewhere in Maryland, the land was paten ted inlarge tracts of hundreds and even thou sands o f acres . These
estates or plan tat ions wer e the cen tres of so cial l i fe in the
cou nty . Towns did not flour ish. in Dorches ter in the ear lydays. The Engl ish set t lers, true to the habi ts and trad it ion so f the Mother Cou n try, pre ferred to l ive in the heart of largelanded possession s wh i ch gave them bo th the seclusion and
power so dear to the B r i tain . The broad fie lds whi ch now
yie ld so abundan t ly in go lden grain were, in colon ial t imes,
186 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
devoted to the cu l ture of tobacco , wh i ch con st i tuted the on lycurren cy of the coun try .
The quest ion of labor was not a difficu l t one in those dayswhen every ou tgoi ng sh ip laden with the crop-s of
“sweet
scen ted tobacco” bound for England, returned wi th con si gnmen ts of not on ly comfor ts. and luxur ies for the plan ters, butwith adven turou s young imm igran ts who became
“ indentured appren t i ce
-s”for a term of four years in return for the
paymen t of thei r pa ssage over . The landed propr ietors wereon ly too; glad to buy the t ime o f servi ce of these young fellows who were O ften of fine o ld l ineage and in many instan ceswel l ed u cated but withou t means.
The roman ce of the con di t ions. wh i ch natura l ly arose on
the estates has been grasped by the modern nove l ist to goodeffect, and the un for tunate re lat ion between the young men
of good b loo d in a state of temporary servi tude to h is mas
ter’s fami ly has been strongly pi ctured .
In the ear l iest years of the colon y, the set t lers were so
harassed by the Indians that the plan tat ion s were neglec tedand many of their o ccupan ts wou l d have su ffer ed but for thenatural food suppl ies for wh i ch the Eastern Shore of Maryland is st i l l famou s .
When , however, the popu lat ion in creased, dri ving the RedMen from the ir nat ive haun ts along the waterways, weal th
in creased and was soon reflected in the homes and manner
of l i fe in the co lon y .
After the Revolut ion of 1688 and the adven t of a RoyalGovernor in Mary land
, Q ,Of the Engl ish ways and cus
tom s were adopted .
Peace and prosper i ty came hand- in—hand and ear ly in sev
enteen hundred the log cabins of the set t lers were replacedby more preten t ious frame houses, and toward the mi dd le of
the cen tury not a few fine br i ck mansion s were erected in
place of the homes of s imple des ign throughou t the colon y .
In Dor chester Coun ty we find on ly a. few survivals of the
per iod no tab le for lavish ho spi tal i ty and pr eten t ious l i ving . Wh i le, however , there was not so large a commun i ty
188 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
househo ld in the rou t ine fash ion of the modern woman, but
she direc ted her wom en servan ts in the weaving of l inenand cotton,
in the kn i t t ing of socks and stoc kings and the
cut t ing and making of garmen ts for her slaves.
B esi des looking out for the ir mater ia l comfor ts she was
their spi r i tua l gu i de and their fr iend and counse lor in
trouble.
A qu i l t ing bee was. a popu lar form of en tertain ing among
the young people of the Eastern Shore in colon ial t imes and
later.
The hostess. having fin ished piec ing a qu i l t wou ld invi te all
the young lad ies of the neighborhood to qu i l t i t, each. wou ldarr ive with her ret i cu le at her si de con tain ing her own th imble, sc issors and needle book .
I t is safe to say that the ir tongues flew even more swift lythan d id the ir needles when the l ive ly youn g creatures got
’
to work . Gossip, wit and good -natured rai l lery made the
t ime pass. qu i ck ly and with the twi l igh t came the beaux, thequ i l t ing fin ished, the frames were moved out of the way and ,
after a. hearty supper, the floor was cleared for danc ing.
Thus what wou ld have been a t iresome task,when turned intoa fro l ic became a popu lar means of d iversion . Many of
the qu i l ts made under su ch c ircumstan ces have been pre
served as he ir—looms . in o ld fam i l ies. of the coun ty .
In Dor chester , more largel y than. in most other coun t ies,ear ly customs have been preserved ; but here as in other
section s of the Sou th, the late war, with the subsequen t d esert ion of the O ld plan tat ion s for town and c i ty l i fe wi th the iren large-d opportun i t ies,marked the passing of the ideal soc iall i fe in the coun t ies of Maryland .
County Folklore and Superstitions .
CHAPTER XX I I I .
Many popu lar superst i t ion s are transm i tted from generat ion to : generat ion by oral tradi t ion s and fam i ly customs,
from paren ts to ch i ldren, and from fr ien dly assoc iates to eachother that are accepted in as stron g fai th as be l ief in “Ho l yWr i t . Youthfu l impression of tha t character become fixedsupersti t ion s for pract i ca l appl i cat ion and use as t ime, placeand circumstan ces. poin t to the ir superna tural influen ce . In
an imate objects and custom s are venerated in businesstransact ion s, labor ing pursu i ts, and so cial even ts, r i tes and
ceremon ies are per formed for love, luck, hea l th and pros
per ity . Th is credu lous bel ief in the power of supernaturaleffects and s igns for good or evi l deeply impresses the ma riner on his sh ip, the farmer at his plow, the m in ister in h ischurch, the physi cian in his pro fession , the swain in his. doubtfu l woo ing, and the fa ir ma i d in her de lusory dreams of hop-e
and happiness, and in shor t every grade of so-c ie-ty,'
from the
inmates of the po orest home to those who dwe l l in pa latialmansion s. Over the cabin d oors of the Sou thern blacks, inthe l i tt le cot tage-s of the moun tain m iners
,abou t the prem ises
of the bu sy farmers, on the bow o f the state ly sh ip and l i t t leloyster lbo at and ; somewhere about the homies of weal thcoun ted by m i l l ion s, and at the
“Wh i te Hou se,”too , the
horse Shoe hangs for “ lu ck .
”The ori gin of its un iversal use
fo r a spe c ific influence to br ing goo d for tune to its possessorsis simply myth i ca l .No better fie ld for the study of fo lklore in th is coun try can
be fou nd than the Eastern Shore of Maryland . Set t led as
i t was at an ear ly date by an a lmost exclusively Engl ishstoc k and pract i cal ly un touched by later imm igrat ion ,
i t haskept and handed down o ld Engl ish forms of speech,
customs
190 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTE R COUNTY
and tradi t ions qu i te in their or iginal form. The folklorethat abounds in. Shakespeare
-is extan t at th is day in Dor
chester ; hal f the inhabitan ts of Hooper’
s I sland st i l l misplacethe ir h’
s in true cockney style wh i le ou r regu lar ly used phrase“r ight smart,
”regarded by ou tsi ders as dialect , is. found in
the wr i t ings of S ir Phi l ip Sydney .
The superst i t ion of the negro-es has contributed largely tothe fo lk lore of the presen t day, yet i t is by no means con
fined to the: black or ignoran t , but the myths, legend s and
superst i t iou s stor ies wh i ch many peop le in the coun ty regardwith in teres t and at tach importance to or iginated amongvar ious. races of people centuri es ago and were imported to
ou r shore, where was fou nd a fert i le so i l for vigorous. growthand easy cu l ture, due to the ear ly asso c iat ion of black slaves,inden tured servan ts and master’s ch i ldren in the same house
ho ld .
Some of the most common popu lar bel iefs and sayings are
here given
INFLUENCE OF NATURAL S IGNS AND
PHENOMENA .
SUNR I SE AND SUNSET RE FLE CT IONS .
E ven ings red and morn ings grayAre certain S igns of a beautiful day ;
E ven ings gray and morn ings red
W il l bring d own rain upon the traveler’s head .
BUR IALS OF THE DEAD AFTE R THE SUN CROSSE STHE NOON-DAY ME R ID IAN .
In S tra i ts Distr i c t no dead persons are bur ied un t i l afterthe sun turns.
”
MOON S I GNS AND INFLUE NCE S .
A new moon with both horns or poin ts in cl ined upwardsindicates to the farmer d ry weather ; i f the upper horn is
192 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
TO CURE CH ILLS .
Tie as many kno ts in a str ing as you have had ch i l ls, thendrop the str ing and the person who finds i t and coun ts thekno ts wi l l have the ch i l ls, and you wi l l be free from them .
O r— Cut as many no t ches in a st i ck as you have had ch i l ls,then throw' i t behind you Wi thou t looking back and the per
son who finds it and coun ts the no t ches wi l l get the ch i l ls .
O r— Bor e a ho le in a tree, blow in to i t on ce for each chi l land the tree wil l take the ch i l ls an d d ie .
TO CURE WARTS .
F ind a ho l low stump with water stand ing in i t , wash the
wart and go away withou t looking back .
O r— Steal a bean , cut i t in hal f and rub each ha l f uponthe war t, then bury the bean under a doorstep. Do not
look under the step again unt i l the bean has decayed and thewart wi l l d isappear.
B ras-s rings worn on the fingers wi l l prevent cramp .
A hor se chestnu t i f con t inual ly carr ied or kept abou t anyperson ,
wi l l pr even t all such pe rson s from ever having rheu
matism .
TRIV IAL SAY INGS AND SUPERSTIT‘
IO‘
NS .
EVENTS THAT BA'D LUCK FO LLOW.
To cut hair or nai ls dur i ng Sl Il eSS .
To begin to get better on Sunday when si ck .
For a si ck person to sudden ly deve lop a craving appet i te
is to feed death .
For a pi c ture to fa l l from its hanging on the wal l denotescom ing death to some of the househo ld .
For two person s to look in to a m irror at the same t ime
br ings grea t d isappo intmen t to on e or bo th Of them.
To break a loo king—glass br ings seven years of bad luck .
FOLKLORE AND SUPERSTITION S 193
To see the pi c ture of a corpse in a m irror is be l ieved to bethe s ign of an ear ly death . For that be l ief,m irrors in deathchambers are turned fron ts towards the wa l l of the room
in wh i ch the dead are lai d un t i l t ime for bur ial .
The howling of a d og at n ight is a sign of si ckness or death,
to stop his wai l and avert the threaten ed calam i ty, turn you rr ight shoe on its si de with the top» part towards the dog.
Shor t ly before the death of some people their names havebeen heard dist inct ly ca l led and warn ing raps or knocks at
the doors have o ften been heard by inmates of the homes in
wh i ch death was near to some one of the members .
When the spir i t of a l iv ing person is seen go ing away fromhome i t is a sure Sign of Short l i fe for him . I f seen returning or com ing home instead of leaving home, long l i fe is
prom ised .
To meet a woman first in the morn ing after leaving home
wi l l br ing bad luck that day .
I t is bad luck for a woman to be the first V isi tor on New
Year’
s Day .
To spi l l sal t means bad lu ck un less you avert i t by throwinga pinch o f sa l t over the left Shou lder.
You must leave the house by the same doo r you en teredto avo i d bad luck com ing to that home .
M ISCELLANEOUS SAYINGS .
I t ch ing of the nose means a V is i tor is com ing ; i f on the
right s i de, i t indi cates a man ; i f on the left, a woman .
I t ch ing of the r ight eye means a cry ; the left eye, a laugh .
Burn ing sensat ions fe l t in the ears warn you that you are
the subj ect o f som ebody’s ta lk, e i ther for good or evi l report .
I f a rooster comes near the door and crows before i t, a
visi tor is com ing to that house .
I f a cat l i cks its paws and smoo thes its ha ir beh ind its earswith them, the ladies of the hou se are warned to make theirtoi let and be ready to rece ive Com ingV isi tors.
13
194 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
I f the wish bone of a ch i cken is pu l led apart by two : unmar
r ied people unt i l i t is broken , the on e who ho lds the lon gest
part wi l l first be married .
To approa ch a gate at the si de on wh i ch i t is h inged forthe purpose of open ing i t is a sign tha t the person wi l l not
get married in that year .
I f a garden hoe is carr ied through a dwe l l ing hou se, a
death wi l l oc cur in the fam i ly l iv ing there before the end of
the year.
The first t ime you see a new moon in any mon th, any
wish that you make then, be fore you loo k at any other Obj ect,your wish wi l l be gran ted during that moon .
Mon ey shaken at the new moon soon replen ishes the
purse .
W ITCHES .
A broomst i ck laid across the doorway wi l l preven t a witch
from en ter ing the house .
I f a wit ch s i ts down in a chair in wh ich is st i ck ing or is
afterwards stuck a fork, she cannot r ise as lon g as the forkstays there . An example of th is was tested at the Dr.
Johnson ”
place in“Lakes w i th o ld
“Suf,
”who was said
to be a witch.
A W i t ch can take a horse from a loc ked stable and r ide itall n igh t ; the eviden ce o f th is being the foam ing sweat on thehorse and the wit ch knots t ied in its tai l and mane, Oftenseen the next morn ing.
A witch can turn peop le in to horses and r i de on them .
One man in Dorchester Coun ty died from the effects of su cha tr ip, the c lay be ing found under his finger and toe nai ls.
He had refused to let the wit ch have his horse to r i de, so
she rod e the owner instead .
I f a witch is abou t to turn a s leeping person in to a hor se
and the sleep-er awake-s in t ime, se i zes the witch and ho lds
her without speaking un t i l daybreak, she wi l l assume her
proper fo rm .
196 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
ten ths of the fami l ies in the coun ty the ch i ldren have beenschoo led in tales of appar i t ion and in t im i dat ing bugaboostor ies, wh i ch have made them t im i d and fearfu l at n ight,even in their own hom es. False impr ess ions have been madein their m inds about imaginary obj ects that never had an
existen ce .
As there are no ghosts w e must not wr i te false tales toexci te fear in the young or grat i fy the cur ios i ty of the
superst i t ious.
Revolutionary Period , 1775—1776 .
CHAPTER XX IV .
INTRODUCTION TO THE RE VOLUTIONARY WAR—LEADING PATRIOTS IN DOR
CHE STE R COUNTY—INTE RE ST WH ICH MARYLAND TOOK IN DE FENCE OFTHE RIGHTS OF THE COLONI E S—ORGAN I ZATION OF THE MILITIA IN THE
COUNTY—VOLUNTE E RS FOR THE CONTINENTAL ARMY— FORMATION OFTHE STATE GOVE RNMENT—DELE GATE S FROM DORCHE STE R COUNTY TO
THE PROVINCIAL CONVENTIONS .
Upon the events of th is. per iod in the h istory of Marylandand the Amer i can co lon ies, when the laten t germ of l ibertybecame vi tal ized and deve loped in to the tender bud of Amer
i can freedom ,who l ly depends our State and Nat iona l exist
ance of unsu rpassed greatness to day . With th is V iew of wha tMaryland and Dorchester Coun ty now are, the Revo lu t ionary Per iod cla ims a large share of h istor i cal noti ce .
From the passage of the“Stamp Act ,
”in 1765 , to 1775 ,
the spir i t of resistan ce to Engl ish oppress ion was kindl ingthe feel ings of many of the co lon ists (patr io ts in DorchesterCoun ty by no means excepted) , whose act ive effo rts and honorable course, not hasty in act ion but with calm de l iberat ion ,
nobly do ing the ir du ty when the exigenc ies o f every occasiondemanded, here c laim ou r spec ial at tent ion, but l im i tedspace pe rm i ts on ly a few of the ir names to be here men
tioned : We have Robert Go l dsborough,Dan ie l Su livane,
Henry Travers, R i chard Sp-r igg, Tho-mas E nnalls, Wil l iamE nnalls, John Dickinson ,
Joseph R i chardson ,Henry Steele,
John Henry, James Muse,Thomas Jon es, Ben jam in Keen e,
H enry Hooper, James Murray, Robert Harr ison ,an d many
o thers, who then forgo t past po l i t i cal d ifferen cs and un i tedin a common cause for co lon ia l r ights unjust ly den ied byEnglish con tro l in the province . Even the no table agitat ion for po l i t i ca l and financial ru le in Maryland between the
198 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
peop le and the Propr ietary bran ch of the provin cial adm inistration wh i ch reached a h igh state of exci temen t be tween1770 and 1773 , when the low er House of Assembly re fusedto ren ew the Act for regu lat ing the fees of O ffice in the execu
t ive departmen ts of the governmen t, and wh i ch GovernorEden at tempted to reestabl ish by pro c lamat ion
,and wh i ch
caused the spi r i ted con troversy between Char les Carro l l andDan ie l Du lany
,was soon bur ied under the flood of pa tr io t i c
influen ces and sen t imen t that moved the masses toward therevo lu t ionary struggle .
The Engl ish method s then used for ra ising revenue forhome use,by taxing the Ameri can co lon ist , are too fam i l iar toMaryland readers for repe t i t ion here, but the plans adoptedin the colon ies to evade the unjust impos i t ion o f
“taxat ionw i thou t represen tat ion
” were part ly of Maryland or igin and
thus make a con nect ion with our lo cal h istory through the
coun ty represen tat ives. who helped to formu late them . Wh i lenon - importat ion assoc iat ion s had been organ i zed in some o f
the co lon ies and the refusa l to import B r i t ish goods or buythem , i f imported , had provoked great commer c ia l d isturbau ces in seapor t towns, i t was not sufficien t to redressco lon ial gr ievan ces, lon g and pa t ien t ly born e under Engl ishru le. Th e colon ists
,at first
,did not pro
-
pose to resort toarms to secure the ir r ights as subj ects of the ir mother—land ,
much- loved England, to wh i ch ,by kindred blood , they had
been loyal ly and devo tedly a l l ied ; but the fire -brand thataroused un iversa l ind ignat ion among them was the passageo f the Bos ton Port B i l l” by Par l iamen t , March 3 1 , 1774 .
Soo n publ i c meet ings were cal led to con si der the gravi ty of
the strained re lat ions be tween the co lon ies and the“Crown .
”
One o f the first meet ings was hel d in Ba l t imore, May 3 1 ,
1774, where i t was rec ommended that depu t ies be chosen
from each coun ty to convene in Annapol is, there to de ter
m in e ou a cou rse o f condu ct for the province . D elegates
were accord ingly cho sen and met at Annapol is, June 2 2 ,
1774 ; they were coun ty represen tat ives of large influen ce ;those from Dorchester be ing Robert Go l dsborough, Wil liam
200 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
Joseph R i chardson, Cha irman ; Col . Henry Hooper, JosephDaffin, Thomas E nnalls and o thers, with John C . Harr ison,
C lerk,and James Murray
,Secre tary .
The Comm i t tee of Observat ion had author i ty to inspectthe cou rse and report upon the cond uct Of any person whoseloyal ty to the cause o f the co lon ists m ight be suspected, andto invest igate charges of d isloyal ty .
On the Commi ttee of Ways and Means of the Convem
tio-n,Robert Go ldsborou gh served and James Murray was
appo in ted a member of a comm i t tee to consi der plans forestab l ish ing a manu factory for making arms.
Much importan t business was don e by th is conven t ion to
put the provin ce in the best state of de fenc e then possible .
Au thor i ty was given to raise forty compan ies of m inu te—men
in the province, two of wh i ch were to be Dorchester’
s quota .
The minute-men agreed by enro l lmen t to serve unt i l March,
1776, and“March to any place ordered in any of the co lon ies
and fight fo r the pr eservat ion of Ameri can l iberty wi th the irwho le power .
December 7, 1775 , the next Con ven t ion of Delegates met
at Annapo l is . Dorchester Coun ty was represented by JohnE nnalls, Jame
-s Murray, Hen ry Hooper and Wil l iam E nnalls .
Th is conven t ion resolved to put the prov in ce in a better
state of defen ce and to ra ise an add i t ion a l force of on e ba t
tal ion of e ight compan ies and seven independen t compan ies.
Many re cru i t ing offices were Opened in the coun t ies, and
vo lunteers soon fi l led up these compan ies, of wh i ch the Sixthwas raised in Dorchester Coun ty, and first officered by Capt .Lemue l Barret t ; F irst Lieu t . Thomas Wool ford, Secon dLieu t . John Eccleston and Th ird Lieu t . Hooper Hudson .
Later, Capta in Barret t resi gned and Lieu tenan t Wo o l fordwas promoted to fi l l the vacancy . Lieu tenants Eccles-tonan d Hudson were a lso promo ted to the success ive vacan cies.
The muster ro l l o f the Sixth Independen t Company was as .
fo l lows :Comm ission ed January 5 , 1776, Thomas. Wo o l ford, Cap
tain ; John Eccleston ,F irst Lieutenan t ; Hooper Hod son ,
Secon d Lieutenant .
S IXTH INDEPENDENT COM PANY O I
Comm iss ion ed March 2,1776, Li lburn Wil l iams, Th ird
Lieutenan t .
PR IVATE S .
John Gray,Hugh McK in ley,
John Lin ch,
Hooper Hod son ,'
Wi l l iam Wat ts,James McCO llister
,
E dward McFad ing,
Hugh Wa lwor th,
John Watkins,Tho-mas Gains,Edward F l in
,
Lawren ce Hughes,Samue l McCrackin
’
g,
Samue l Jon es,
Will iam Lee,
Jos eph Read,Mich’l Connor
,
John We lsh,
Nathan Wr ight,
John Dunn,
Jonathan Pr i ce,Patr i ck Rach
,
Thos . GrayhamSo lomon Tyler,Robert Ruark
,
Ma thew Hayward,
Samue l Nor th,Jacob Hoo ston
,
Wil l iam Comp-ton,
“ Wil l iam Co le,Lawren ce F i tzpa tr i ck,Wil l iam Thom,
Dan ie l Norr is
Patr i ck Caton,
Patr i ck Conner ly,Will iam Wool ford
,
R i chard Fraz ier,
Peter Taylor,
Thomas Howe l l,R i chard Wood
,
John Mart in,
John. Ca llihorn
Samue l Ash,
Chr is . Minges,John Murphy,Patk . Farren ,
Barney Ma loy ,
John Basset t,Luke Cox,
Thomas Bayley,
Wm . Sm i th,Char les. Foxwel l
,
Miles ShehernCaleb J oy ,
Wm . Mann,
Wil l iam Dingle,John Hayward
,
Edward Hard ikin
J Sherren,
Tho-masHarr isonWi l l iam K i llinough,
Isaac Sou tha rd,
Jos eph StaplefordJohn Noble,James Su livain
,
John K '
ero-n,
2 02 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
Geo . Vest,John MaloneHugh Ke l ly
,
Dan ie l B rophy,Edward Hodson ,
Edward Garrou ghty,Izeyvest Down ing,
Ephra imWhee ,lerB en jam in Desh ield ,
Dan ie l D inet,Ph i l ip Hod ge,Fran cis Noble,John Caffey,Matthew Colbert
,
Wi l l iam l ihay
Edwa rd Wi l l iams,
Tho-mas Saunders.
Levin Pr i chard,
Spen cer Saunders,R i chard Gamble
,
By order of the Counc i l of Safety, th is comp-any was te-m
porari ly stat ioned at Cambr i dge .
This company was not the first organ i zed in Dorchester .
F ired by the m i l i tary spi r i t of defence for the pro tect ion of
home and fami ly, the brave men here rap-i d ly organ i zed in to
m i l i t ia compan ies . The first on e was. enro l led on November
30 ,1775 , with fifty
—seven pr i vates, one drummer, four cor
porals and four sergean ts ; officered by Ben jamin Keene,Captain ; John Keene, J r . , F irst Lieu tenan t ; R i chard Tubman ,
Second Lieutenan t , and John Gr iffi th, Ensign . I t wasca l led “
The Bu cks Comp-any .
”The next company was
cal led Fr iends to Amer i ca,
”o fficered by Capt . T imothy
McNamara, F irst Li eu t . John Stewar t McNamara, SecondLieu t . Char les Johnson , and Ensign John Kirwan . O ther” fl ; h m ,~—f
compan ies were form- zed“The P lymou th Greens, Capt .
PRIVATEs— Continnea'
.
Denn isHoo per Ell iottThomas Hayward,Samue l Spen cer,James Urey
,
Robert Skinner,Thomas Hart
,
Absolum Com in i ,Wil l iam B ec ks,John Stevens,Wil liam Hale,John Mart in , of DorsetJames Andrew,
Wil l iam Hays,Jerem iah Andrew ,
James Haney,R i chard Bush,
Robert H en derson ,
James Do l ly,Robert Smi th,
Will iam Andrew .
2 04 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
Island ; Lieu t . -Co l . John E nnalls, with 45 , at Honga R ive-r ;Co lon e l Murray
,with 130 , and Ma jor Fa l l in
,with 30 , at
Hooper’
s Stra i ts .
Th is organ i zat ion of the vo lun teer compan ies for the Con
tinen tal Army and the m i l i t ia compan ies for the home d e
fen ce was but the beginn ing of the army mobi l i zation for
the most desperate strugg le ever begun for nat ional inde
pend en ce.
After appoint ing many officers and rais ing means for arm
ing and eq u iping the vo lun teers, th is conven t ion adjou rnedJanuary 18, 1776.
The conven tion . met again on May 8, 1776. Dor chester
sen t Rober t Goldsborough, H enry Hooper, James Murrayand John E nnal ls.
Wh i le thi s con ven t ion was in session , a let ter in trans i tfrom Lord Germain, on e of the English Secretar ies of State,to Governor Eden
,o f Maryland, was intercepted . I t out
l ined a plan for invading Maryland and o ther co lon ies, andfor restor ing the: legal governmen t by land and sea forces, towh i ch the Governor was to give h is assistan ce in the opera
t ions. Th is placed the Governor in a cri t i cal pos i t ion , and
the con ven t ion drafted a resolu t ioni
vwh ich was adlopted :“That for the publ i c safety and qu iet of the people, the judgmen t of the con ven t ion requ ire the Governor to. leave the
prov in ce, and wi th fu l l l iberty to depart peaceably wi th h is
officers .
”The vo te on the reso lut ion was 4 1 affirma t ive and
14 negat ive, four of wh i ch were cast by the Dor chester
delegat ion .
Th is con ven t ion adjourned and met again June 2 1, and
wh i le in session au thor i zed an e lec t ion to be he ld in the
several cou nt ies to e lect D e legates to a convent ion . for organi z ing a State governmen t .Th is new conven t ion met August 14, 1776. The De legates from Dor chester were Robert Go ldsborough
,James
Murray, James E nnalls and Joseph E nnalls . I t drafted a
State Con st i tu t ion and form of State governmen t, whi ch the
people rat ified by e lect ing De legates to a General Assembly,
FIRST GENERAL ASSEMBLY 20 5
whi ch met on fi fth day of February, 1777 . Th is was thefirst General Assembly of the State of Maryland . Thus the
revo lut ion ary conven t ions of the co lon ists in Maryland thatmade preparat ion s for war in 177 5 and 1776 an d that hadfel t the sho ck of d isastrous bat t le-s, ret ired from power , thencon ferred on a S tate governmen t hold ing greater publ i cconfidence .
CHAPTER XXV .
FLYING CAMP VOLUNTEE RS—TORIE S BELOW HOOPE R ’S STRAITS IN COMMU
N ICATION W ITH DUNMORE ’
S FLE ET—THE I R CAPTURE BY MAJOR FALLIN ’
S
MILITIA COMPANY—CORRE SPONDENCE BETWE EN COUNTY OFFICE RS ANDTHE COUNCIL OF SAFETY—ANXI ETY OF COUNTY MILITIA WITH NO ARMS FORDE FENCE—OTHE R COMPLAINTS OF DI SLOYALTY—DEPREDATIONS BY CAPT .
RICHARD ANDREW AND CITIZENS OF CAROLINE COUNTY , BY SE IZING SALTSHOCK OF WAR AFTE R THE BATTLE OF LONG I SLAND,AND ITS E FFECTS ONTHE MILITIA AND TROOPS—PRIVATE E RS—LETTE RS OF MARQUE FOR”STURDY BE GGAR"—COE RCION OF TORIE S IN SOME RSET AND WORCE S
TER COUNTI E S- " THE I R ARRE ST AND IMP RI SONMENT IN CAMBRIDGE , IN
I 777— PAY AND UNI FORM OF CONTINENTAL TROOPS—TRIALS OF A RE
CRUITING OFFICE R IN DORCHE STE R COUNTY—MORE MILITIA RECRUITED—DRAFTS MADE— COLLECTIONS OF BLANKETS AND CLOTHING FOR THE
ARMY IN THE FIELD—E XTREME PR I VATIONS IN THE MARYLAND LINE .
The Con t inen ta l Congress, wh i ch was in session on June
3 , 1776, asked for volun teers to be known as the“F ly ing
Camp. Pennsylvan ia was to furn ish 60 0 0 men, Maryland,3400 ; De laware, 60 0 ; to be stat ion ed in the m i dd le co lon ies.
They were to be vo lun teers from the m i l i t ia already organi z ed in the colon ies and to serve unt i l December 1, 1776,un less. soon er d ischarged .
Fo l lowing is the l ist o f Dorchester County vo lunteers forthe
“F lying Comp-any z”
Capta in,Thomas Bou rk .
F irst Lieu tenan t, Burket Fal con .
Second ' Lieu tenan t,John Lyn ch .
Ens ign, James Woo l ford Gray .
PR IVATE S .
James Ridgaway,
Henry Pri t chet tJohn Jones ,Adam Sm i th,
I saac CorderyJohn McGraw
John Conn ley ,
Char les Foo -ks,
Ezekie l Hooper,
Wm . Co l l ins Taylr,Ma thew B ri ght,Hooper Evans,
2 08 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
P'
RIVATE s— Continued .
John Dick, Edward Ingram,
Michae l Berry, John Insley (absen t),John P riday, An thony F leetwood (ab-sen t) ,Peter Laughlain,
Henry Harrington (absen t) ,Wi l l iam Co l l ins, George Ch-i ld s (abs en t) .
On ly a part of the m i l i tary forces organ i zed by recru i t ingof vo lun teers and by draft ing o thers who preferred the privations of hom e to the grea ter ones in the army can be per
son ally named here for wan t o f space.
Acts o f disloyal ty comm i t ted by a few men who at temptedto aid the B r i t ish o n . vesse ls in the Bay and r ivers, createdsome apprehen sion and exci tem en t, and complain ts of the
O fficers and men in some of the m i l i t ia compan ies cal led form i l i tary inves t igat ion .
In June, 1776, Major Dan ie l Fal len , an act ive patr iot ofStrai ts, in command of some m i l i t ia, abou t th irty men, sta
tion ed at Hooper’
s Strai ts, took a sma l l schoon er in a creekthat makes into Ho l land’s Stra i ts. On the boat were JosephWheland
, J r .,John Evans, Robert How ith and John Pr i ce .
They were sen t to the Comm i t tee: of Observat ion in the
coun ty, who sen t them under an armed guard to the Counc i lo f Safety at Annapol is where they were comm i t ted to pr ison .
One of the party, Wheland , was the man who pi loted LordDunmore
’
s vesse ls up to. Nan t i coke Po in t, and was with theB r i t ish that too k a lot of cat t le from. Hopkin
’
s Island . The
cargo found on the vesse l and sei zed' was one and a hal fhogsheads of rum,
th ir ty bushe ls of sal t, the sa i ls and ri ggi ngof a s loop, a large quan t i ty of old iron,
together with a few
gun-s, swords and cartri dge boxes.
INTERESTI NG M IL ITARY CORRESPONDENCE .
! BOURK TO COUNC IL ]
CAM BR IDGE ,Md ,
Ju ly 19, 1776.
Gentlemen
I have to acquain t you that we have not met with the
wished-for su ccess in raising the compan y you ordered us
INTERESTING M ILITARY CORRESPONDENCE 2 09
to raise in thi s county . The m i l i t ia having been dischargedt i l l after harvest, we have not had an oppor tun i ty of see ingthe men ; add to th is that on my return from Annapol is, theCambri dge B lues were ordered to march to the S treights,
where the enemy was sai d to have landed . Unwi l l ing to
desert them at th is. t ime of danger,I commanded them on
the expedi t ion ; so tha t i t has not been in my power to exer tmyse l f as yet. Mr . Lynch has made up his complement ;
they are here and are a l ikely set of men . We. have abou tforty or fi fty men engaged in Som erset . I expect some nextweek from Worcester ; I wa i t to know how many, wh i ch,when in formed of, shal l proceed to Annapo l is to rece ive you rorders, whether I sha l l con t inue to en l ist or not. Our m i l i t iacompan ies wil l mee t next week, when we sha l l have a betterOpportun i ty of complet ing ou r number . Cou ld I haveengaged the men in to immediate pay, the company wou ldhave been nearly completed .
Mr. Lynch carries our warran t .I am,
gen t lemen , your obed ien t humble servan t,THOMA S BOURK .
! HOOP E R To JE N I FE R . ]
Draft of Mi litia— Embarrassed for money to pay them when
in actual service.
DORCHE STE R COUNTY, Ju ly 19, 1776.
S ir :
On receipt of you rs of the I 5th inst ., I immed iate ly ordereda draft of fi fteen pr ivates and pro-per Officers to be made fromeach company of m i l i t ia of th is B ri gade, and those drafted inDorset and Caro l ine Count ies to be stat ioned in Dorset, andthe drafted mi l i t ia o f Somerse t and Worcester Coun t ies to bestat ion ed in Som erset Coun ty ; the men so drafted are orderedto be at the several places of rendezvous on Wednesday, the24th inst . I f you r Board shou ld not approve of th is disposi t iou of the m i l i t ia, you wil l please let me know it, and Ishal l make such al terat ions there in as you may d irect .
14
2 10 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
Although I have ordered out the m i l i t ia to be in read inessto repe l any at tempt of the enemy to land in th is distr i c tagreeably to you r d irect ion s, yet I th ink it wi l l be difficu l tto keep them toge ther withou t some mon ey ; the coun ty
peop le here who. have prov ision to se l l Showing a greatunwi l l ingness to part wi th un less pa i d for at the same t ime .
I wou ld therefore wish your Board wou ld take some orderabou t subsist ing the m i l i t ia. of th is Distri c t when ca l led out
in de fen ce of the prov in ce by direct ing that the Treasurer of
the Eastern Shore shou ld pay to the Comm i t tee of Obser
vat ion for Do rset Coun ty su ch a sum of mon ey as you may
th ink necessary to be appl ied for the purpo se of vi ctual ingand subsist ing the mi l i t ia1 when in actual servi ce, as the com
manding officer of said B r i gade shal l d irect . I have appl iedto General Chamber lain for 400 lbs. gunpowder and 160 0
lbs. of lead . I f you shou ld have rece ived any further in te lligence co ncern ing Dunmore and his fleet, I shou l d be gladto know it .
I am respect fu l ly, sir, your very humb le servant,HE NRY HOOP E R .
In reply to th is le tter, the Coun c i l ordered the EasternShore Treasurer to pay Gen . Henry Hooper £300 for the
support of the m i l i t ia when in servi ce.
Arms were so scar ce in the coun ty, and in provin ce as we l l,that the Counc i l or dered Captain Bourk to apply to MajorFa l len,
in Strai ts, for the guns he had captured a few weeksbefor e on a smal l vesse l below Hooper
’
s Stra i ts, that his men
might be somewhat bet ter equ ipped before march ing to jo inthe Con t inen tal Army .
Our revo lu t ionary an cestors were loyal , patrioti c and
brave, and ready to fight their mer c i less invaders,but without
‘
army suppl ies— food ,cloth ing, arms and ammun i t ion— the
ou t loo k was ser iou s to the mo st hero i c . Yet the preparat ionsfor war wen t hurr iedly on . The Counci l o f Safety, by order
1Were the m i l itia ro l ls of the vo lunteer compan ies rai sed for the defenceo f Dorchester County obtainable their names would be herein g iven .
2 12 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
of powder and'
some bal l , sen t from Newtown. last fal l by theCoun c i l of Safety, wh i ch we have distr ibu ted
,though i t
appears to be very indifferen t and not su ch as we th ink men
ought to ha zard thei r l ives with ; th is has gon e but a smal lway in supp lying the compan ies. The people grew excee dingly clamorou s. We have been und er the necessi ty of d is
tribu t ing what l i t t le we have o f pri vate property, but thewho le put together wou l d scarce make three rounds apiecefor the compan ies To what length they may go i f not
short ly suppl ied we cannot say, but we fear when they findthat upon repeated appl i cat ion s, they are not suppl ied wi th
the means of defen ce they may despon d and tame ly submi tto such ravages as these barbar ians may th ink pro-per to
comm i t . From the late condu ct o f the men of our coun ty,we have. not the least doubt of the ir spiri t and firmness, and
are fu l ly sat isfied they wi l l make a bo l d and resolu te standin defence of the l ibe rt ies o f the ir coun ty .
OTHER COMPLAINTS OF DISLOY-ALTY .
After the organ i z at ion of Capt . Hen ry Lake’
s company,severa l complain ts were made against two of his officers,namely, Levi Wi l l in ,
F irst Lieutenan t, and J ob Tod d, E nsi gn, charging them with acts o i d isloyal ty . Wil l iam Travers, in command of a bat tal ion of mi l i t ia that embraced Captain Lake’
s company, asked the Coun ci l of Safe ty to appo in ta cou rt mart ia l to inqu ire in to the ir condu ct . HenryHooper, in command at Cambri dge, also addressed the Counc i l of Safe ty abou t Wi l l in and Tod d . The Coun c i l appoin teda cou rt mart ia l to try them . The members were : Co l .
John E nnalls, Presi den t of the Cou rt ; Co l . Robert Harrison ,
Co l . James Murray, Co l . John Dickinson , Major Thomas
Muse,Major Thomas Jon es, Major Jo seph E nnalls, Major
Jo seph R i chardson ,members o f the same Cou rt .
There is no record o f any tr ia l or further h istory abou t i t .One, Basi l C larkson , was charged with go ing on board the
B ri t ish tenders in Hoop-er
’
s Strai ts and giving them in forma
DE PREDATION S BY CAPTAI N ANDREW AND OTHERS
t ion, and a lso. persuading J ob Slacum and o thers to jo inLord Dunmore
’
s nava l forces . C larkson was arrested and
commi tted to jai l in Annapo l is by the Counc i l of Safe ty on
evidence gi ven by John Rum ley, of Strai ts, before the Committee of Observat ion . He test ified that he was take-n bya B ri t ish tender on the shore of Spr ing Island ; that wh i le on
the tender he saw a boa t stan ding out of Hop pe r’
s Stra i tsdirect ly wi th the tenders in company with the one wh i ch hewas on . The bo at he knew to be Basi l C larkson’
s, on wh i chthere were three o ther person s, who wen t on board the tender ; that he heard men on bo ard the several tenders hai l eacho ther and say that the
“Defence” was laying off Hooper’
s
Islan d ; that Basi l C larkson and John Bapt ist to ld them so .
After staying in jai l for some t ime,Clarkso-n pet i t ion
-cd the
Con ven t ion of Maryland to be re leased ; that he was“a lmost
starving and wi thou t bodi ly c lo th ing or bed ding.
”
DEPREDATIONS BY CAPT . R ICHARD ANDREW
AND OTHERS OF CAROL INE COUNTY
In great desperat ion for wan t of sal t, then so scarce,Capt . R i chard Andrew and a number of men,
in November,1776, en tered and searched the dwel l ing house and out
houses of James Sulivane, looking for sal t . As they foundon ly five bushe ls they did not take any . Th ey then wen t to
C0 1. James Murray’s, on Hun t ing Creek (no-w known as the
B i l lup’
s farm) , got the hou se keys from Mrs . Murray and
took fourteen and a hal f bushels of sal t . They o ffered to
pay for i t, but Mrs . Murray re fused paymen t ; however, theyleft in the house .
To. pun ish these disorder ly people, the Comm i t tee o f
Observat ion summon ed witnesses and those ac t ive in the
affair, but they did not appe ar an d a hear ing was set for the
fo l lowing Wednesday, and who l ly unexpected ly they came,
headed by Captain Andrew with more than a hundred armedme n . They were so d isorder ly that no th ing cou ld be donein the matter . They declared they wou l d r isk their l ives
2 14 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
in defen ce of the ir acts . An appeal was made to the Counci l
of Safety to have Gen . H enry Hooper’
s bri gade o f m i l i t ia sen tto arrest them
,but consi der ing the need of troops e lsewhere
and the urgen t appeals made by the people on the EasternShore for sa l t, then so scarce that som e fam i l ies had not had
a pin t in mon ths,i t seem-ed that the sending of m i l i t ia in to
the coun ty to sup-
press . lo cal d isturbances not reg rd ed as
d isloyal acts,mi ght lead to ser iou s revo l ts at th is cri t i cal
per iod o f the Revo lu t ionary confl i c t . The si tuat ion of the
Amer i can Army at th is t ime was deplorable . Congress and
the people were terr ib ly disheartened . Genera l Wash ingtonhad be en given abso lu te m i l i tary contro l for six mon ths,wi th powers to organ i ze addi t ion a l in fan try
,cavalry, art i l lery
and eng ineers corps .
The peop le of Dorches ter had now begun to fee l theawfu l shock of war . Out of the Sixth Independen t Com
pany, commanded by Capt . Thomas Woo l ford ; the F lyingCamp Compan y, under Cap-tain Bou rk , and the m inu te-men
who had formed a part of the Maryland Line in the ba t t leof Long Islan d, so recen t ly fought, some brave son s of Dor
chester hero i cal ly gave up the ir l ives for the ir coun try . Fo l
low ing th is defeat was the surrender of Fort Wash ington on
November 16,when more than two thousand Ameri cans
were taken pr ison ers,who were crowded in to horr i b le pr ison s
abou t New York, where they had not room to lie down on
the bare flo ors to s leep, and were o therwise subj ected to great
crue l ty, appa l l ing to human i ty, that made many pa trio ts
who had vo lun teered to fight for Amer i can Indepen den ce hal t
in the face of duty to home and coun try, and becom e terror
stri cken at the repo rts of su ch pr ison atro ci t ies. Many
thoughtfu l ly con s i dered i f i t were the ir du ty to throw their
l ives away in a cause so hope less an d leave the ir depend ent,helpless fami l ies at the me rcy of such inhuman vi ctors. Some
decided first to feed and de fend the ir wives and ch i ldren at
their humble homes rather than take the r isk of a crue l death
with in the st ifl ing wal ls of fou l pr ison s. Hen ce they dec l ined
to vo lun teer in the Con t inen tal Army, a few of whom were
2 16 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTE R COUNTY
Shore and arrested a large number of them, who were car
r ied to Cambr idge jai l . They were he l d there for some
mon ths in prison ; and in 1778 they pet i t ion ed Governor
Johnson for a special hearing to determ ine their offencesfor wh i ch they were deta ined . The ir names were as fo l lowsIsaac Marsha l l, Purnel l Ou ten,
Benjam in Henderson ,George
Furnace, Robe rt Gibbs, David Adams, Thomas Wood Potter, Isaa c Gunby, Thomas Tu l l, Jacob Cu l l in,
Mi chae l B enston , Michael Ho l land, Joseph Gunby, Wil l iam B rot ,ten
Thomas Cu l l in, E lishaJ ohnson, Levin Tybbs, Jacob Heron ,
Litt leton Johnson ,Benjam in Sommers, John R igg in, Henry
M
Stir l ing, Thomas Ward,So lomon. B ird
,Geo ! :rge Sommers,
Aaron St ir l ing, John Co lbourn, Ezek ie l Ward,Aaron Col
bourn and Thomas Sommers, of Somer set Coun ty ; and Jessie
Ell is,Lev i El l is, Edward Cropper, Samue l Dryden,
Will iam
Jones, Joshua But ler, B en jamin Davis, Levin . Disharo-om,
Thomas Co t tingham, Ephraim Henderson , Thomas Taylor,Stephen Roa ch
,Zorobabal Hil l, Henry mParker
,H ez ekiah
Cary, Elisha Heron and. E l iakim Dubley, of Worcester
Coun ty . Some c i t i zen s in those coun t ies to day have sim i larnames and are, no doubt, descendan ts of some of the above‘
name d, who. then preferred to bear Engl ish impos i t ion with
loyal a l legian ce rather than tru st to the ha zardous dest iny o frebe l l ion in a desperate struggle for l ibe rty .
PAY AND CLOTH ING OF THE CONTINENTAL
SOLD IERS .
The so l d ier’s pay, un i form and fight ing equ ipmen ts were“
not temptat ions for co lon ists to en l ist . The pay of the bat
tal ions and independen t compan ies, by the mon th,was schedu led as fo l lows : Co lon e l, $5 0— expenses, $30 ; Lieu tenan tCo lon e l, $4o—expen ses, $20 ; Ma jor, $33% Captai n, $2 6 ;Lieu tenant, $ 18 ; Ensi gn, $ 16 ; Sergean t , $6% Corporal, $6 ;Drummer and F i fer, $6 ; Surgeon , $40 ; Surgeon
’
s Mate, $2 0 ;Chaplain, $2 0 ,
Pr ivate, $513 ; C lerk to Colon e l , $2 0 .
TRIALS OF A RECRUITI NG OFFICE R 2 17
The un i forms of the land forces were hunt ing sh irts of
various co lors ; mar ines, blue hun t ing sh irts.
TR IALS OF A RECRU ITING OFFI CER IN DOR
CHESTER COUNTY, JANUARY, 1777 .
ME MOR IAL OF THOMA S SPARROW To THE COUNC IL OF
SAFE TY .
That agreeable to the warran t your Honors was pleasedto gran t me for the purpose of recru i t ing men for the ser
vi ce of the State, I repaired to Dorchester Coun ty, where Ihad the prom ise of a sufficien t number, and bel ieve I cou ldhave en l isted them
,but for the reasons hereafter men t ion ed .
I was fou r days on my passage from Annapo l is to Cambr i dge, and on my arr ival, Major Thomas Mu se be ing dead,I was obl iged to wa i t a week before I cou l d acquain t yourHonors therewith . Co lon e l know ing the d isap
po intmen t I had met with, to ld me he was go ing to Annapo-lis and shou l d soon return with an answer i f I wou l d wr i teto have ano ther gen t leman appo in ted to ass ist me wi th cashfor the recru i ts. I wai ted six days after Co lo-nemTravers’ ,
return to his house at Hoo-per’
s Island for the let ter directedto Captain Daffin , wh i ch gen t leman suppl ied me with a horse
to ri de for i t, as Co lone l Trave rs, “had om i t ted to send i t to
him. I rece ived the le t ter, and on my return to Cambr i dge,heard the corps belon ging to Dorchester Cou n ty was to meetat the Lightwood Kno t Chap-ple . Mr . Peter Carvi l to l d me
he wou ld r i de to that place with me and made no. doubtbut that I wou ld en l ist thi rty men , as he had heard manyintended to meet me there for that purpose . I had not re
ceived my cash, but as tha t oppo rtun i ty offered, I con cludedto advan ce the smal l sum I had to bear my expenses , wh i ch,
i f not sufficien t, Mr . Carvil o ffered to supply me with, and
to do. him just i ce, he was the on ly fr iend I had in the fie ldwho had courage enough to stand by me . I proc eeded todo my duty, and undertook to read the resolve of Conven
2 18 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
t ion with respe ct to ra ising matrosses. One of the companyto l d me i t was all fa lse and i f any man shou l d en l ist he wou ldbe sen t to Ph i lade lph ia and not to Annapo l is, and that theywere damned foo ls that wou l d go to fight against the ir King .
I then to l d him he was a Tory ; ano ther to ld me I shou ld not
com e there to find anyth ing e lse . A you ng man
then desired to hear the proposa ls. I at tempted to readthem to him, but one of the comp-any stru ck the pape r, andmany of them made such a no ise that preven ted me fromin form ing those who wan ted to en l ist . I then put up my
papers lest they shou l d take them fromme. Abou t an hou rafter a man ca l led me asi de and to ld me he wou ld en l ist atCambr i dge for he was afrai d to do i t there . Mr . GeorgeSlacum overheard him and sai d, Damn your forty sh i l l ings,i t is not worth S ixpence. I have go l d and s i lver enoughand wi l l give fi fty sh i l l ings to a man e i ther to fight for theKing, or not fight aga inst him .
” Mr . George S lacum to ld me I was a damned rascal in Offer ing to en l ist men
aga inst the King, and they were damned foo ls that wou l d go
with me . I imm ediate ly after saw men wh ispering togetherin d ifferen t places, when a young man passed by me and sa i d,“Go off or you wi l l be murdered .
” I took his advi ce. I tbe ing dark, I knew not the road pe rfect ly . In a few m inutesI heard some horses in fu l l speed com ing after me . I tookto the wood s and made my escape for that t ime .
In Cambr idge, I next tr ied to beat up recru i ts, i t be ing thet ime of the e lect ion . I had a flag made of two shee ts o f smal l
b i l ls, wh i ch on e of a mob that had rai sed there agai nst me
o ften at temp ted to take from the man who had i t and stru ckh im. They then proceeded to insu l t me . JohnChalmere, see ing the treatmen t I met wi th, to l d me he had
two swords and that I was we l come to on e of them. I
accepted of one o f them and soon c leared the town o f myenemies.
Lieu t . James Gray Was much my fr iend in th is affair.
I in tended next to go to New Market,as there was to be
two days’ races, but my fr iends advised me not as i t was
2 20 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
Feed ing the army was also d ifficu lt, patriot ism alon e wou ldnot furn ish suppl ies ; money was necessary in making purchases, though it was at a great deprec iat ion, far be low par
with si lver and go ld .
In the fo l lowing year,wan t and pr ivat ion so much discour
aged the so ld iers, then in su ch great demand that bount ieswere paid for vo lun teers and deserters were pardon ed Whoreturned to du ty, Wh i le agen ts were in every coun ty tryingto purchase army suppl ies for the hungry and hal f-nakedso ld iers. J am-es Su livane, of Dorchester Coun ty, was the
Deputy Assistan t Comm issary in Dorchester and Somerset,trying, under great d ifficu l t ies, to purchase food for a starv
ing army .
CHAPTER XXVI .
CORRE SPONDENCE IN RE FE RENCE To BRITI SH PRI SONE RS HELD AT CAM
BRIDGE—DORCHE STE R MILITIA OFFICE RS , LOWE R AND UPPE R BATTALI ONS, AND HALF BATTALION COMMI SSIONED—PRE SS ING DEMAND FOR
ARMY RE CRUITs— VOLUNTEE RS COMMI S SIONED SUB STITUTE S FUR
N I SHED BY THE WEALTHY—NEW ENROLLMENT OF COUNTY MILITIA IN
1780 ; OFFICE RS NAMED—1781 , LETTE R To THE GOVE RNOR FROM GEN
HENRY HOOPE R, E XPLAINING DRAFT , AND INVASION OF BRITI SH BARGE SI N THE RIVE RS OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY .
In May, 1778, corresponden ce between the Coun ci l ofSafety and the Mil i tary Commander at Cambri dge shows
that a numbe r of B r i t ish pr isoners were then he ld thereunder guard of Thomas Sm i th . Governor Johnson gaveorders to Commodore Grason to proc eed with the gal l ies‘
Co-nq ueror’
and‘Chester,
’ boa ts ‘
P later’ and‘Ame l ia’
and
two boats taken up on th is occasi on to Cambr i dge, and thererece ive in to you r charge the crew of theB r i t ish Fr i gate ‘Mer
ma i d,’
now prison ers of war. The pr ison ers are to be d is
tr ibu ted amongst the vessels with a view to con ven ience and
secur i ty . You r disposi t ion and pruden ce, we flatter ou r
selves, w i l l make it unnecessary for us to give part i cu larinstruct ions . as to your trea tmen t of the prison ers. You are
to come too off Annapo l is for further instruct ions.
In August fo l low ing instruct ion s were given Lieu t . HenryHoope r to send ten or twe lve Br i t ish pr ison ers, part of thecrew of the
“Merma id, who had been he ld wh i le si ck to
Phi lade lph ia for exchange .
L IST OF M ILITIA OFFICERS IN DORCHE S
TER COUNTY .
UP PE R BATTAL ION, W ITH DATE OF COMM I S S ION .
John Dickinson , Captain , May 2 0 , 1778 .
Joseph E nnalls, Lieutenan t-Co lon e l ,May 2 0 , 1778 .
2 22 H I STORY OF DORCHESTE R COUNTY
Joseph R i chardson , Major , May 2 0 , 1778 . Promoted .
John Smoot, Captain, ,
May 2 0 , 1778 . Commander inHorse Corps.
Levin Kirkman, F irst Lieu tenant, May 2 0 ,1778. P ro
moted to Captain, Ju ly 2 , 178 1 .
Wm . E nnalls Hicks, Second Lieu tenan t, May 20 , 1778.
Prom o ted to First Lieutenan t, 178 1 .
Nathan Sm i th, Second Lieu tenan t . Appo in ted SecondLieutenan t, 178 1 .
James Layton, Ensi gn , May 2 0 ,1778 . Resign-ed .
Char les Adams, Ens ign . Appoin ted August 2 3 , 178 1 .
Jacob Wr ight, Capta in ,May 2 0,1778.
Wil l iam Low e, F irst Lieu tenan t, May 2 0,1778.
Robert Russum, Second Lieu tenant,May 2 0 ,1778.
Isaac Low ,Ensi gn, May 2 0 , 1778 .
John Langfitt, Captain ,May 2 0,1778 .
Levin B estpi t ch, F irst Lieu tenan t, May 2 0 , 1778 .
George B rown , Second Lieu tenan t, May 2 0 , 1778.
Will iam Phi l l ips, Ensign,May 2 0,1778 .
Spen cer Waters, Captain, May 2 0,1778 .
Ezekie l Reed, Captain . Appo in ted Capta in Apr i l 2 7, 1778.
I saac Reed, F irst Lieutenan t,May 2 0 ,1778 .
Nehem iah M essi ck,Secon d Lieu tenant, May 2 0 , 1778:
Moved out of coun ty .
John Reed, Sec on d Lieu tenant . Appo inted Secon d Lieutenan t, Ju ly 28, 1780 .
John Twyfo-rd , Ensi gn , May 2 0 , 1778 . Resigned .
Frank Turpin, En sign . Appo in ted Ensign .
Wm . Wa l ters,Ensign . Appo in ted Ensign .
Roger Hooper, Captain ,March I , 1779.
Samue l Hooper, F irst Lieu tenan t, De cember 16, ,
1779.
Edward Sco t ten,Secon d Lieu tenan t, December 16
,1779.
Wal ter Rawley, Ens ign , D ecember 16, 1779.
Barth-o lomewjgnfi
nualls, J r . ,
Captain , December 16, 1779.
'
Handley Han ley, Fi rst Lieu tenan t , D ecember 16, 1779.
An thony Mann ing, Second Lieutenan t, December 16,
1779
2 24 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
LIST OF M ILITIA OFFICERS IN DORCHESTER
COUNTY .
LOWE R BATTAL ION, W ITH DATE OF COMM I S S ION .
Robert Harr ison , Co lone l , May 2 0 ,1778 .
Thomas Jon es, Co lonel , May 2 0 , 1778. Appo in ted Co lon el .
Rober t Harr ison, Co lone l . Reappo in ted Co lon e l, February, 178 1 .
Ezekie l Vi ckers, Major ,May 2 0,1778 .
Nathan ie l Mann ing, Capta in , December 16,1779.
Levin Woo l ford, F irst Lieu tenan t , December 16, 1779.
Benjam in Woo dward, Second Lieu tenant, December 16,
I 779~
Charles Stewart , Ensign ,December 16, 1779.
Joseph Robinson, Captain ,May 2 0 , 1778 .
Mo ses LeCompte, F irst Lieutenant, May 2 0 , 1778.
Resigned .
John Budd, Ensi gn, May 2 0,1778 . Promoted F irst Lieu
tenant August 2 3 , 178 1 .
John Aaron, Ensign . Appo inted August 2 3 , 178 1 .
Augus tus Wheat ley, Capta in , De cember 16,1779.
John Fl et cher, C apta in . Appo in ted Captain, Ju ly 28,1780 .
Wil l iam Dai l , F irst Lieutenant, D ecember 16, 1779.
Thomas Whee ler,Secon d Lieu tenan t .
Thomas Vickers of J no . , Ensign , December 16, 1779.
Promo ted .
Stephen Ro ss, Ensign . Appo inted .
Roger Jon es, Capta in , May 2 0 , 1778 .
John B ramb le,F irst Lieu tenan t,May 2 0 , 1778 .
John Jon es, Second Lieutenan t,May 2 0 , 1778 .
J am-es Woo l ford , Ensi gn,May 20 , 1778 .
Levin Hubbard, Capta in, D ecember 16,1779.
Wil l iam Thomas, F irst Lieutenan t, December 16, 1779.
John LeCompte, Secon d Lieutenan t, December 16, 1779.
Thomas Hub-bard, Ensign, December 16,1779.
LIST OF M ILITIA OFFI CE RS 22 5
B enjam in Keene, Captain, May 2 0 , 1778 . Resigned .
John Keene, Capta in . Appoin ted August 2 3 , 178 1.
R i chard Tubman, F irst Lieu tenan t,May 2 0 , 1778.
Appo in ted August 2 3 , 178 1 .
John Griffi th, Secon d Lieu tenan t, May 2 0 , 1778. Ap
po in ted August 2 3 , 178 1 .
B enjam in Keen e, Ensign . Appoin ted August 2 3, 1781.
James Byus, Captain , December 16, 1779. Resi gned .
Joseph Hubbard, Captain . Appo in ted Captain,Ju ly 28,
1780 .
So lo-mon Jon es, F irst Lieu tenan t, December 16, 1779.
Jo seph Hubbard, Second Lieu tenant, December 16,1779.
Promo ted Capta in .
Samu e l Hubbard, Secon d Lieu tenan t . Promo ted SecondLieutenan t .Wil l iam Vickers of J no . , Ensign . Appo inted .
Char les Staplefort, Captain , May 2 0 ,1778 .
John Scott, F irst Lieutenan t,May 2 0 , 1778 .
Samuel Hooper, Se cond Lieutenan t,May 2 0 ,1778.
B estpi t ch, Ensign,May 2 0 ,1778.
Edward Staplefort, Capta in ,May 2 0 , 1778 .
Hugh McGu ire, F irst Lieu tenan t, May 2 0 , 1778.
Edward Pr i t chet t, Second Lieu tenant,May 20 , 1778.
John McGu1re, E nsign, _May 2 0 , 1778 .
A HALF BATTAL ION OR CORP S .
Mat thew Travers, Cap-tain ,May 2 0,1778:
John Travers,F irst Lieu tenant , May 2 0
,1778 .
Ph i l ip Ferguson , Secon d Lieu tenan t, May 2 0 , 1778 .
John King, Ensi gn ,May 2 0 , 1778.
John Tod d,Capta in ,May 2 0
,1778 .
James Davis, F irst Lieutenan t, May 2 0,1778 .
Michae l Tod d , Secon d Lieutenan t , May 2 0 , 1778 .
Reuben Andrews,Ensi gn
,May 20 , 1778 .
15
2 26 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
Timo thy McNamara, Captai n ,May 2 0,1778 .
J no . Stewar t McNamara,F irst Lieu tenan t , May 2 0
,1778.
Charlesphpwsog ,Sec ond Lieu-tenan t,May 2 0 ,
1778.
John Kirwin,Ensign ,
May 2 0 , 1778 .
Henry Lake, Captain ,May 2 0 ,
1778.
Levin Wil l in,F irst Lieu tenan t, May 2 0
,1778 .
Luke Robinson ,Secon d Lieu tenan t, May 2 0 , 1778 .
John Todd, Ensign,May 2 0 ,
1778 .
Wil l iam Travers,Captain ,May 2 0
,1778.
Dan iel Fal len,Major,May 2 0 , 1778 .
Thomas Eccleston , Captain, May 2 0 , 1778 .
Levin Travers,F irst Lieutenan t,May 2 0 , 1778 . Commis
sioned in Roger A . Hooper’
s Company .
John Stan for d, Ensign , May 2 0,1778 . Commissioned
in James.Wr ight’s Compan y .
Step-hen Ross, Ensign,
May 2 0,1778 . Comm ission ed
in Arthur Wh i te ley’s Company .
Th e demand for officers and men in 1779 and 1780 cou ldnot be fu l ly suppl ied , though drafts. were frequen t ly madefrom. the m i l i t ia compan ies un t i l almost every ab le-bod iedman was drafted to . fi l l up the ranks Of the figh t ing army inthe fiel d . Th is cal led for the organ i zat ion of new m i l i t ia todo guard du ty at home . Many o f the m i l i t iamen who werefinan cia l ly able, proc ured for themse lves subst i tu tes fromEnglan d , Scot land and Canada, to serve in the Con t inen ta lArmy, wh i le they sta i d at hom e and st i l l served in the m i l i t ia .
In March, 1779, comm ission s were issued to BartholomewE nnalls
,appoi n ted Capta in of a company in the place of
John LeCompte ; Handly Handy,F irst Lieu tenan t An thony
Mann ing, Second Lieutenan t , and James Hod son,Ensign ;
Wil l iam E nnalls Hicks, Second Lieu tenan t of Captain .
Smo-ot’
s company, and WE iamM n,En si gn, of Captain .
Daffin’
s company , UD-per Bat ta l ion of Mil i t ia.
2 28 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
Capt . Char les Staplefor t’
s company, 7 1 pr ivates.
Lieu t . Wil l iam Dai l’
s company, 5 3 pr ivate-s .
Capt . Roger Joness’ company, 61 pr ivates.
Capt . Levin Hubbard’s company, 68 pr ivates.
Capt . Ben jam in Keene’
s company, 62 pr ivates.
Lieu t . So lomon Jon es’ company, 60 pr i vates.
Capt . Edward Staplefort’
s company, 56 pr ivates.
Total— 570 .
Comm ission ed and non -comm issioned officers,1 1 1 .
In the corps , four compan ies :
Capt . Henry Lake’
s company, 69 pr ivates.
Capt . T imo thy McNamara’
s company, 65 pr iva tes.
Capt . John Todd’
s company, 5 2 pr ivates.
Capt . J ob Slacum, J r .
’
s company, 5 1 pr ivates.
To tal— 2 37 .
Comm issioned and non -commissioned officers, 53 .
Total number of pr ivates— 1661 .
Dan iel Fal len was Major in the Corps .
H E NRY HOOP E R,
Lieutenant, Dorset
l
O fficia l l ist of officers of Dorchester compan ies not here
to fore publ ished
CAP TA I NS .
Franc is Turpin,
Joseph Wr ight, J r.
John Turpin,
Wil l iam Pat t ison,
John Green e,
Thomas Thompson,
LIE UTE NANTS .
Joseph Vickers, James Moore,
Isaac Wr ight, Thomas Waters,
John Magu ire,Will iam Scott,Ebbin Newton ,
Samue l Keene,Wil l iam Taylor,Edward Wri ght .
LETTER FROM HENRY HOOPER TO TH E GOVERNOR 2 29
LIEUTENANTS— Contfinued .
Henry Smoo t, Samuel Ellio t t,John. Budd, Tho-mas Hicks.
Cyrus Bel l,EN S IGN S .
Mat thew Smi th, Wil l iam Medford,Charles Adams, Nathan Wil l iams,
Handy Hand ly, Wil l iam Thompson ,
John Laing, Wil l iam Jones,John B rohawn, John B estpi t ch.
In 1780 the seat of war was transferred to the sou thernco lon ies by the re in forcemen t of Lord Rawdon ’
s army , w i ththe army of Lord Cornwal l is at Camden . In the Amer i canArmy, the Maryland Line was there, fourteen hundredstrong, in cluding Co l . Thos. Woo l ford, o f Dor chester , and
his regimen t . The ga l lan t Sump-ter and CO1. Woo l ford daringly captured the army supp l ies of Cornwal l is
,taking a
forty-wagon tra in and three hundred pr isoners, on ly to belost when overtaken by the B r i t ish moun ted in fan try at
Catawba Ford, on the Wateree R iver,where three or four
hundred Amer i cans were ki l led, wounded or captured . Col
onel Wool ford was wounded and taken prison er . In the
batt les of Camden and Catawba, the Maryland Line lost “sixhundred and n inety-seven of the rank and file, and e ightynon -commission ed officers.
”In the sunny land of Caro l ina,
on the bat t lefie lds of Camden and Catawba,sleep some of the
so ld ier heroes of Dorchester.
LETTER FROM HENRY HOOPER TO THE
GOVERNOR .
DORCHE STE R COUNTY,May 15 , 178 1 .
Since the suspension ordered by Your Excel len cy and
Counci l, of the draft of the mi l i t ia in th is coun ty expired .
I have made a draft in each class,be ing twen ty- eight in num
ber, that have. not furn ished a recru i t . Th is measure is
thought i l legal by some here, as not being made agreeableto the Act . I shou l d therefore be glad of having Your
2 30 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
Excel len cy’s orders thereon . I received the Act of Assembly
,with your orders thereon for depopu lat ing the Is lands,
wh i ch I apprehend canno t now be put in execu t ion from the
number o f enemy’s barges con stant ly cru ising there, withou tthe assistan ce of some armed vessels to coOperate with the
m i l i t ia. We have lately rece ived in format ion that the enemyare heaving up breastworks and fo-rtifying one of the islandsin Ho l land’s Strai ts for the pro tect ion of the inhab itan ts on
those islands. On Sunday n ight last two of the enemy’sbarges came abou t two m i les up Transq uaking R iver, tookoff some stock, then retreated down the r iver yesterdaymorn ing before the m i l i t ia cou l d overtake them . Severa ldwe l l ing houses in th is coun ty have lately be en burn t and the
property of the inhab-itants carried off by the enemy, and
what great ly adds to our m isfortune is that we have not a
single gun to put on board a boat to take or dri ve them off
from our coast .I have the honor to be, sir,
Your most obed’
b’
hle serv’
t,
HE NRY HOOP E R .
2 32 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
PATRIOTI C DORCHESTER .
(Sclzarf’
s H i story . )
From the beginn ing of the war the inhabi tan ts of the East
ern Shore fel t the greatest d istress for the wan t of arms. The
State suppl ied, from t ime to t ime,the arms needed for the
m i l i t ia when ca l led in to servi ce ; but the supply was so smal l
that when the m i l i t ia jo ined the main army the peop le at
home were left withou t arms . Under these c ircumstances,Rober t Go ldsborough and Gus tavus Scot t, of Dorchester
County, on the six teenth of January, 178 1, addressed the fol
low ing appeal to Governor Lee“In the present alarm ing s i tuat ion of our affa irs we shou ld
be wan t ing in atten t ion to the inhabitan ts of th is town and
coun ty i f we d id not apply in the most earnest manner to
your Excel len cy to supp ly us with the 3 “
ou rselves from an enemy so P
at our doors ; a part i cu lar Ihas the r ight to expe ct assi ‘
parts of i t ; local c ircumstan t z er-d er i t d i ffi cu l t for the ih
hab itants of this Shore, exposed as they are to the u tmost
ca lami t ies of war and pirac ies, to expect assistan ce from our
more powerfu l ne ighbors of the Western Shore . The grea ter
then, unquest ionable, is the nee d that we shou ld have
means of defen ce in our own hands.
“We canno t but hope i t is a fact, not with in you r Exec
lency’
s knowledge, that ou t of 170 0 effect ive men in this
county, not more than 150 o f the number can be armed ; not
asingle field-piec e , nor ammun i t ion sufficien t for our number
of arms. Th is State has no cou n ty in i t wh i ch has man i
fested a more un i form and earn est zeal in the present justand necessary opposi t ion than Dorset ; but invasion withoutthe power of resistan ce, however strong the in c l inat ion
,wi ll
and real ly has sapped the Whigism of our common people ;few even of the vu l gar are so i gnoran t as not to know thatal legiance and pro tect ion are reciprocal ; they have fre
APPEAL To GOVERNOR LEE 2 33
quen t ly, in the course of the summer, been at the mercy of
a cruel en emy withou t any other weapons to defend themselves but those that nature gave them . When the enemylanded at Vienna (a town not twen ty mi les d istan t fro-m th is
place) with two barges and th irty men,there were not a
dozen effect ive arms in the town .
“The Lieu tenan t of the Coun ty wi l l in form you r Excel len cy
of the number of arms and the quan t i ty of ammun i t ionnecessary for his mi l i t ia. We flat ter ourse lves your Excelleney wi l l use every mean s in your power to supply our
m i l i t ia with 50 0 effect ive muskets, 2 field piece-s, and pow
d er an d bal l suffic ien t for that number of arms.
Provisions of no kind can be bou ght here on the cred i t of theState, and the Comm issary has not one sh i l l ing of pub l i cmon ey in his han ds.
AS requ ired by Act of Congress in May, 1781, to ra isetwo bat tal ions ofmi l i t ia for re in forcing the Con t inen tal Armywi th I 345 men, Gen . Henry Hooper sends the quota fromDor chester. He wr i tes :
DORCHE STE R COUNTY, J un-e 28, 178 1 .
S ir
I have sent fourteen drafted mi l i t ia men under the
care of Lieu t . Hugh Magu ire, procured under late Act of
Assembly, to serve in the Con t inen tal Army un t i l the l oth
day of Dec . next . several of them have been watermen and seem very desirou s to serve on board of some of our
barges, part i cu lar ly Peter Harrington, J ob Hubber t, Roger
Tregoe and An thon y Tal l, J r.
1 have desired Mr . Magu ire to apply to your Board to
sat isfy him for transport ing the drafted men to. Annapo l is.
I have the honor to beS ir, yr very hble servt.
H E NRY HOOP E R .
Dor chester County, in Counc i l .
H is Excel lency, the Governor.
2 34 H I STORY Ol~ DORCHE STE R COUNTY
Names of drafted mi l i t ia :
John Whee ler,Nehem iah Lingard,John Dicks,Samue l Hurst,Levin Thom-
as,
Ezekie l VVhitcoks,
J ob Hubbert,
At th is same session,an Act for defence of the Bay was
also pa ssed , that au thor ized the bu i ld ing of not over eightbarges, to be manned and fi t ted .
On the barge “Fearnought” was pa rt of a crew from Dor
ches ter Cou n ty, viz : Capta in, Levin Spedden ; Nehem iah
B eckwi th, John Tho-mas, David Davis, J am-es Fraz ier, Wm .
Fraz ier,John Thomas, J un , John Whee ler, Wil l iam Mi llby,
Wil l iam Navy, John Fraz ier .
Each man who vo lun teered to serve on the barges were
pai d £3 boun ty and £3 per month .
(See Md . Arch ives.)
BARGE FLOTILLA ON CHESAPEAKE BAY .
Extract from the journal of Commod or e Grason, on a
cru ise in the Chesapeake, be gun in Ju ly, 1781, in commando f the barges “Revenge,
” “Terr ib le and “In trepi d .
”
Monday, 29, at 6, too-k two sma l l schooners tha t had beentaken by the enemy, one of wh i ch had a negro and a wh i teman on board ; the other was ran on shore on Barn Island,and the hands sen t over the Bay by one J ob Wils on or
Will iams ; he carr ied on a Sal t Works on the Island , wh i ch
we broke up and took h is po t ts away for ass ist ing the
enemy .
Mu ch more in terest ing mat ter is recorded in the jou rnal,but not re lat ing to Dorchester Coun ty .
As the ravages of war depleted the ranks of the Ame ri canArmy, frequen t demands for new recru i ts were made by theGen eral Assembly .
Wm . Proc tor, J r .,
Nathan Bus i ckAn thony Tal l,Rogef Tregoe ,
Peter Harr ington ,
John Booth,Wm . Dickenso-n .
2 36 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
LOWER BATTALION— Continued .
Thomas Morgan, James Busi ck,Benjamin F let cher, Thomas Owens.
RECRUITED
Char les S i ckle,David B lake,
orner,
Francis Insley,
Ju ly 24, 178 1 .
(See Md . Arch ives .)
DORCHESTER M ILITIA, SELECT COMPANIES
DRAFTED .
DORCHE STE R COUNTY,Aug. 2 1, 178 1 .
We have made up two compan ies of se lect M i l i t ia in th iscoun ty, the inclosed are l ists thereo f . As they are pr inc ipal lydraughted men and not en ti t led to choose the ir officers, Ihave undertaken to recommen d the three first named in eachl ist for commissioned offi cers ; they were commission ed offi
cers in the Mil i t ia at large . Co l . Dickinson ’
s List of officerswan t ing with Upper Bat tal ion is also in closed that Comm ission s may be issued accordingly ; your wil l be pleased to»
have sai d Commission s issued as soon as. you can conven i
en t ly and send them forward as they are much wan t ing ; al soComm iss ion s on Col . Jones’ l ist lately lodged w i th yourBoard .
AS we have but a smal l Quant i ty of Arms in the coun ty 1must request your Excel lency wi l l be pleased to send by theB earer hereo f N inety—six stand of Arms and Ammun i t ion for
the Select M i l i t ia.
I have the Honor to be S ir
H is Exce l lency yr very h’
ble Serv’
t
The Governor in Coun c i l HE NRY HOOPE R .
FOR THE CORPS .
Rober tM J ohnson ,
Will iam Murphy,Joseph Insley,Levin McGraw,
Adams Foxwe l l,JOHN GOLDSBOROUGH,
Recruiting Officer .
SELE CT M ILITIA
UPPE R BATTALION—SELE CT MILITIA .
Anno 178 1 .
Bartho lomew Ennalls, J r .,Captain,
James McCollister, Lieu tenant,
John Miles, Ensign,John Hooper (of John) ,
I saac Wi l l iams,
Tho-mas Canady,Joseph Tr ippe, Thomas Bal l
,
Luke Wil liams,‘Wi l l iam Smi th,
James Pau l, Hooper Hurst,Ph i lemon Dickinson, Henry Travers,Mathew Wil l iams, George Robinson ,
Andrew McCollister, Will iam Ph i l l ips, J un .
R i chard Covey,
Edward R iggin,Hen ry Windows, Edward Jones,Samue l H iggins
,Thomas Arnet t
,
Thomas Keys, Will iam Dingle,
Will is Scottoe, Thomas Slaughter,Peter Coo-k, John Sears,George Turner, Robert Ingram,
Samuel Shareman, Hez ekiah J ames,
‘éNehemiah Hubber t, J oseph Croneen .
John Dean, J un . B eacham Harper.
Charles Dickinson Litt leton Wa l ler,
Levin Thomas, John El l io t t, J un .
Jeremiah Neach, B enjamine Shaw,
Wal lace Crawford, Absa lom Harding,Tho-mas Delehay, Wil l iam Rob inson,
James Hicks, James Wfl go tt,
Thomas Hami l ton .
LOWER BATTALION—SELE CT MILITIA.
Anno 178 1 .
Char les Staplefort, Captain,
R i chard Tubman, J r . , Lieu tenan t .
Char les Stewart , Ensign ,Edward Woo len of
B enjamine Valient or Na l ien t,James Gadd,
2 37
2 38 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
LOWE R BATTALION— Continued .
Ph i lemon LeC-o-mpte ofWm. Nathan Staplefort,Thomas Ear le, Edmund Co lson,
Thomas Abbo t t, Thomas James,
B enjam ine Stevens, Elie Lane,John Byrn
,John Busi ck
,
John Eccleston , Edward B roadus,Joseph Sco tt, Wil l iam Ph i l l ips,Wil l iam Matk in,
John Co lson of Tho-mas,
Ph i l ip Tal l, El ijah Pr i t chet t,Char les Thomas, Henry Brannock,Aaron Wal lace
,James Busi ck,
J ames Johnson, Granthorn Ear le,
Eg kielfl
K eeneTJ r . Wil l iam Chr istopher,Ayres Busi ck
,Robert M eekins
,
Thomas Coo-k, of Baln . David M il ls,John Barney
,Reubin Ross,
Robert Ramsey, John Warren,
Nehem iah B eckw i th, Will iam Navey,
Will iam Ross of Thos. Standley Byus,John Sharpless, John Marshal l
,
R i chard Pat t ison, J r,John Chi ld erston e,
James Travers, J r. Will iam Soward,
Phi lemon Simmons.
HORSES SUPPLIED THE ARMY FROM DORCHESTER COUNTY .
In Coun ci l, Annapo l is,29, Septr . 178 1 .
S ir
We request you to send all the horses you have co l lectedand not de l ivered, imme d iately to th is place and have themde l ivered to John Bu l len , E sq . You wil l give par t i cu lard irect ion to have the hor ses we l l taken care o f on the road .
We are S ir yr . ob’
t Servt.
To Doc tor Wm . Hooper,THO S : H LE E
Co l lector of horses Dorset Countv.
Country P roducts and Resources .
CHAPTER XXV I I I .
TOBACCO—STATE OF TRADE—LUMBE R—SHI P BUILDING—FARMING—INCREASEDFACILITIE S MANUFACTURING OYSTE RING F I SHING TE RRAPINSWILD FOWLS—FUR TRADE .
The first crop cu l t ivated for sale by the ear ly set t lers inDorchester Coun ty was tobacco . I t was at first raised insmal l quan t i t ies and un t i l por ts of en try were establ ished onthe Eastern Shore, was carr ied to Patuxen t, there to be
exported most ly to England . I t was the ch ief medium of
exchange for merchandise, for the use of the colon ists in thecoun ty . Larger crops were annua l ly raised for sa le or exportup to the beginn ing of the Revo lu t ion of 1 776, and broughtweal th and luxury for those days to. the plan ters. But when
the war came and trade with England was suspended, this
paying crop was abandoned for corn , wheat, rye an d l ivesto ck for home con sumpt ion and army suppl ies. These sta
ple crops were thereafter grown un t i l the c lose of the C ivi lWar in 1865 , when changed con di t ion s in agr i cu l ture large lyret ired grain crop-s on the Eastern Shore for others appar
ent ly more profitable.
Most bran ches of business in the coun ty have great ly increased, so-me two and three fo ld, with in the last fi fty years.
On ly a few industr ies have decl ined and in mos-t cases havebeen supplan ted by others mo re profi table . Business en ter
pr ise has increased in more rapi d proport ion than the populat ion,
at presen t abou t a fact wh i ch speaks we l l of the
perseverance and act ive energy displayed by the inhabi tan ts.
Lumbering and shipbu i lding, so ex tensively carr ied on for
mor e than I 50 years is an industry of the county that has
suffered the greatest dec l ine. Vast tracts o f oak and pine
FARM ING 241
t imber, on ce so plen t i fu l and cheap, are now almos t ex
hausted . As ear ly as 1735 , vesse l bu i ld ing was act ive on bo ththe Choptank and Nanticoke R ivers. To name some of the
vesse ls and owne rs who bu i l t that year may not be a thr i l l ingeven t
,but a h istor i ca l fact, neverthe less. (See : record of
vesse ls, Md . Arch ives) :“Register granted to Wil liam E d
mon d son , of Maryland, merchan t, be ing of the people ca l ledQuakers, for the Schoon er ‘Charm ing Betty’ Of Maryland,John square sterned vesse l
,Burthen ab
’
t
th irty Tons, bu i l t at Choptank R iver, in the year 1735 , byH enry Tr ippe ,
John Anders-on ,and the sa i d Wil l iam E d
mon d son owners ther eo f .June 2 5 , 173 5 ,
“Register gran ted in common form untoAdam Mu ir of Maryland, Merchan t , for the Brigant ine,
‘
Sea‘Nymph,
’
of Maryland, Law ,Draper, Master, Burthen abou t
fifty ton s, square sterned, bu i l t in Dorchester Coun ty, in the
year 173 5 , for the sai d Adam Mu ir, owner thereof .
”
O ctober 2 2,1739, a register was gran ted to “James B i l l
ings . merchan t, for the sh ip‘R ider,
’
abou t 80 ton s, burthenbu i l t at Nan t i coke R iver, in 1738 . James B i l l ings
,Master
and owner .
”
Sin ce 1738 many Bay and seacoasting vessels have be enbu i l t on all the navigable r ivers with in and bounding the
coun ty,and hundreds of cargoes o f sh ip t imber have been
sen t to Ba l t imore and Eastern c it ies of the Un i ted States forshipbu i ld ing . A much greater bu lk of bu i ld ing lumber forgeneral purpos es has been Sh ippe d out of the coun ty . Fortyyears ago shipbu i ld ing was a prosperous en terpr ise at Cam
br i dge, Church Creek, Loom town , Taylor’
s Is land and on
the Nan t i coke and Northwest Fork R ivers. Now on ly at
two : places in the coun ty are vesse ls extens ively bu i l tB rooks’ Yard , near Mad ison , and Linthicum
’
s, at ChurchCreek .
FARM ING .
Farm ing has made favo rable progress through the adopt ion o f improved methods and the subst i tu t ion of fru i t andvegetab le crops in the place of larger grain crops former ly
16
242 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
raised . Changed condit ion s e lsewhere, the rapid growth of
large manu factur ing and commerc ial c i t ies in and near Maryland, and the phenom enal produ ct ion o f very l arge graincrops in the
“West,”
requ ired a change in the farm ing sys
tem here,tho-ugh large crops of wheat , corn ,
hay and l i vestoc k, sheep, cat t le, horses, hogs and pou l try have be en and
st i l l are extens ive ly raised .
Wherever progressive energy leads to greater deve lopm en tthat requ ires bet ter. fac i l i t ies for su ccessfu l advancemen t
,
gen ius ski l l fu l ly inven ts methods to meet the exigenc ies .
The fine navigable r ivers o f Dorchester Coun ty, Nature’
s
ou t lets for its prod u cts, were not suffici en t to meet the farm~
ing demands as larger areas o f in terior lands were improvedand put under cu l t ivat ion . hence two ra i lroads have beenbu i l t across the cou n ty, in tersect ing each o ther at r ightangles that Offer greater fac i l i t ies for rapi d tran si t traffic, sothat farmers have be en indu ced to ra ise large crops of
or chard and garden fru i ts and vegetables on thou sands of
acres, annual ly cu l t ivated,that y ie l d fair returns for the
reward o f labor .
A vast area of fert i le but neglected land in the southernsect ion o f the coun ty on ly awai ts ra i lroad advan tages foract ive an d paying deve lopmen t .
MANUFACTURING .
Manu factur ing has always been and st i l l is l im i ted by theabsence o f good water—power and con ven ien t coa l sup-ply .
However, there are abou t twen ty water-m i l ls in act ive opera
t ion for the manu facture o f flou r, mea l, hom iny and lumber,and fi fteen steam m i l ls for l ike uses in the coun ty .
OYSTER,FISH AND CRAB INDUSTRY .
Next to agri cu l tu re,in importance for resou rcefu l employ
men t and for the suppor t of a large. numb-er of people l ivingwith in and out of the cou n ty, is the oyster industry . B efore
1830 the commercia l value of oy sters was very low ,ranging
from ten to twen ty-five cen ts a bushe l . No regu lar c i ty mar
THE OYSTER INDUSTRY 243
ke ts had then been establ ished for buying, shucking and
sh ipp ing them to d istan t poin ts . In 1836,when C . S . Ma l tbybegan shucking oysters in Bal t imor e and sh ipp ing them by
re lays of wagon teams as far as P i t tsburg, in Pennsylvan ia,oystering as a business was begun in Dorchester Coun ty .
Oyster buyers in boa ts first came to F ish ing Bay and o ther
places in the cou nty from Annamessick and establ ished a
market fo r ton ged oysters . There was no law to regu latecat ch ing oy sters then , wh i ch were caught and so l d at any
t ime and all seasons when ever in demand . The first buyer,with h is. vess el, from Dor chester Coun ty , was Capt . LevinIn sley
, who began the bus iness in 1840 . In a few years thetrade became so profi tab le that oyster dredging was lega l i zedin Somerset Coun ty . Soon thereafter the Somerset dredgersbegan to invad e the water of Dor chester in fleets of boa ts anddredge where oysters were mor e plent i fu l than in the ir own
cou n ty . To preven t th is who lesa le robbing of the oysterbeds, the Legislature passed an Act au thor i z ing the Sher iffand other officers of the cou n ty to arrest any non -residen tdredgers fou nd dredging with in the l im i ts o f DorchesterCoun ty . To en force thi s law i t requ ired the aid of pr ivate
c it i zens, who were summone d and som et ime s armed to assistin driving away these dar ing oy stermen . Dur ing effor tsma de to cap
-ture some o f them tha t they m ight be made to
suffer the pen al ty of the law,they res isted so for c ib ly that
firearms were used upon them ,and o ccas ional ly some Somer
set dredger was sho t . In these con fl i cts on e or two pe rsons
from Deal’s I s land w ere ki l led . Th is warfar e kept up a very
bi t ter fee l ing in the Som erset pe ople aga in st Dorchester
oystermen,wh i ch has never en t ire ly sub-s i ded but has been at
t imes revived by subsequen t fights, in wh i ch some have been
wounded and a man ki l led in later years .
In 186 1 vio lat ions o f the oy ster law became so flagran t that
the Sher iff of Dor chester Coun ty was obl iged to for c ibly em
ploy the Steamers P ioneer” and“Cec i l ,
”at great cost
, and
also the Schoo ners “Taylor’s I sland” and Past Grand
,
“Albert Thomas,”
and“Regu lato r, with Capt . James
244 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
Langrall, all of wh i ch were armed and equ ipped to guardthe great oyster beds in the coun ty from invasion by dar
ing dredgers from Somerset Coun ty, Ba l t imore C i ty,Ph i la
de lph ia and New Jersey .
In th is per iod o f local protect ion under coun ty con tro l,Wil l iam Fal l in , a civi l offi cer in. Strai ts, was a bo l d and
fear less leader who probably d id mor e effect ive work thanany other man in the coun ty towards pro tect ing the oyster
beds. from ru inous deplet ion by desperate invaders.
After the State establ ished po l i ce pro tect ion in 1870 , firstunder command o f Capt . Hun ter Davidson and o ther suc
ceed ing officers, severa l oystermen have been sho t whoresisted or fled from arrest . Owing to the con fl i c t ing in terests. that or iginated fro-m the d ifferen t ways al lowed fo r cat ching oysters, the t ime when to be caught and wher e to be
so ld, the laws have been . frequent ly changed for propos ed im
provements but have fai led to benefi t people and State as
desired, and i t is st i l l an undeterm ined and vexed quest ion as
to the best way to perpe tuate and improve th is valuable industry . And whi le there has been a great d ivers i ty of in terestsand d issens ion s among the d ifferen t c lasses of oystermen in
the coun ty, and annua l prosecu t ion s for vio lat ions of the oys
ter laws for the past th irty years, yet the-re has be en der ived
from l i cen se fees an d fines a handsome revenue appropr iatedfor publ i c schoo l uses, that has averaged abou t twen ty percent . of the coun ty schoo l fund annua l ly, a grand aggregateo f at least sin ce 1870 for pub l i c schoo l educat ion .
Crabbing is a summer business, in wh i ch oystermen and
fishermen engage . cat ch ing hard and so ft crabs wi th some
profi t . Mo st o f the crabs are sh ipped al ive to the ci ty mar
kets . Cann ing crab meat has not been profi tably and per
manently establ ished in the coun ty . Its future is more
prom ising.
F I SH .
In the coun ty waters a var iety of fish,m i l l ions in numbers,
make e i ther a permanen t or temporarv home for propagat ionand ex isten ce ; they are prin cipal ly caught during spr ing,
246 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
traffi c has been increas ing for the last th irty years, subj ect,how ever, to the var iable pr i ces of fur annual ly set in Euro
pean markets. The number o f skins annual ly so l d in the
cou n ty is surpr ising . The sales from the win ter’s cat ch end
ing in March, 190 2 ,were abou t averaging twenty
cen ts apiece, amoun t ing to over for Dorchester furd ealers and trappers.
The sh ipmen t of muskrat meat and bu l l frogs to Bal t imore
market is no bur lesque on the coun ty’s products and trade .
OX TEAM IN TOWN.
248 H ISTOR Y OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
l ive stock and pe rsonal property into the inter ior , and organi z ed themse lves in to squads of home guards for defen ce
,and
were ever ready to meet when ca l led by the s ignal of alarm,
wh i ch was fir ing a musket three t imes in c lose su ccession .
Some t ime in August,18 14, a crew on a B r i t ish barge en tered
Fox Creek, in Strai ts, landed and wen t to Gabr ie l McNa
mare’
s and took al l of his meats and provision s from h is
smoke—hou se, one l ive hog, cut down some corn in h is fie l dand carr ied away one of his co lored men ,who, before he left,took h is master’s best “hat and wore i t away . One of the
enemy’s barges at ano ther t ime wen t in to Norman’
s Cove,and the crew bu rn t Capt . Timo thy McNamare
’
s y essel and
wen t to C lemen t McNamara’
s, plundered his hou se and car
r ied away his farm supply of provisions, and cut out and
carr ied away a piece” that was in the loom, par t l y woven.
In 18 14 a Br i t ish tender and crew, commanded by Lieu t .Ph ipps, entered Lit t le Choptan k R iver ; as they wen t up ther i ver, they landed at som e farm hou ses and took suppl ies of
provis ion s. When near Tobacco St i ck, they set on fire a
schooner and then started to return down the r i ver but ran
ashore on a shoa l at the mou th of Parson ’
s Creek, where theywere tempo rar i ly detained . In the mean t ime, the men in the
ne i ghborhoo d had been appr ised of the ir arr ival in the ri verand hast i ly organ i zed under command of Capt . JosephStew art at Tobacco St i ck, and started in pursu i t of the
enemy, put ou t the fire on the burn ing vesse l , then wen tonward and at tacked and captured the tender and her crew .
The prisoners, Lieu t . Ph ipps, crew of seven teen men and
one co lored woman, were taken to Tobacco St i ck, kept thereone n ight and the n ext day marched under guard to Cam
br idge, and from there sen t to Easton . One smal l cannon
and some sma l l arms were captured on the barge . The o ld
cannon was then named “Becca Ph ipps , after the first name
of the co lored woman pr ison er and the last name of the
Lieu tenan t in command . The o ld gun is st i l l kept at Taylor’s I sland and Madison as a trophy of the naval bat t le and
victory on the Lit t le Choptank, fought and won by the
coun ty m i l i t ia.
REWARD FOR BRAVERY 249
In 18 16 and 18 17 Con gress we l l recogn i zed the bravery and
patr iot ism o f Capt . Stewart and his vo lun teers by passing thefo l lowing act
“An Act au thor i z ing the Paymen t of a Sum of Mon ey to
Joseph Stewart and o thers.
Sec . I .
“Be i t enacted by the Senate and Hou se of Rep
resentatives of the Un i ted States of Amer i ca in Congressassembled, That the Secretary o f the Treasury be , and is
hereby au thor i zed and requ ired to pay to Joseph Stewar tand his asso c iates of Dorchester Cou n ty, in the State of
Maryland, or to the ir legal represen tat ives, the sum of one
thousand e ight hundred dol lars, out of any money in the
Treasury not o therwise appropr iated, wh i ch money is pai d tothem for their gal lan try and good conduct in captur ing,during the late war, a tender be longing to the
‘Daunt less .
’
B r i t ish Sh ip of War, and taking ei ghteen prisoners, to wi tone l ieutenan t, on e m idsh ipman ,
th irteen seamen,an d three
mar ines, and as a compensat ion for the prison ers so taken .
”
Sec . 2 . And be i t further enacted, That any c laimwh i ch the Un i ted States may have to the sa i d captured ves
sel and property sha l l be, and the same is hereby, released tothe sai d captors .
”
After the passage of th is Act many more c laiman ts thanfighters c laimed a share of the appropr iat ion . The men who
came out o f the bushes after the bat t le was over arr ive-d toolate to part i c ipate in the fight . H ence i t became nec essaryfor Congress to pass a second Act and desi gnate who werejust ly en t i t led to share in
’
the awar d .
The secon d Act, passed in 18 12, states That the mon eyau thor i zed to be pa i d to Joseph Stewart and his assoc iatesof Dorchester Cou nty, in the State of Maryland , or to the irlegal rep-resentatives by an Act,
”approved in 18 16,
“shal l be
pai d to the fo l lowing person s, the ir legal represen tat ives or
agen ts, viz : The sai d Joseph Stewart , Mos es Navy, JohnB e l l, Mos es Sat el ravers,
CE EP EY K .
”Travers, Hicks North,Thomas To l ly, Joseph
C ator, John W i llOby,James. Hooper, Hugh Robe rts, John
To l ly,Moses Simmons, Rob ert Travers, John Simmons,
2 50 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
Edward S immons Wil l iam Pow ers,Wil l iam Geoghegan (of
James) , Wil l iam Geoghegan (of Moses) , Jerem iah Spi cer,Travers Spi cer, Jerem iah Traver s, \Vi lliam Dove, Tho-mas
Woo len Samue l Edmon son,Henry Corder, Roger Tregoe ,
Thomas Arno ld, Samue l Cre ighton ,Jerem iah Cre i ghton ,
B enjam in Keene, Thomas LeCompte, James LeCompte,Foun tain LeCompte, Elijah Tal l, Char les Woodland, Will iam Barnes, Wil l iam M . Robinson,
Joseph Saunders, and
Dan ie l Wi lson .
”
Wm . G . LeCompte was a sold ier in th is war .
BR ITISH AT TOBACCO STI CK .
In 18 14 a B r i t ish crew on a tender or barge from on e of
the ir war vessels wen t in to the harbor at Toba cco St ick and
burn t Capt . Thomas Linth icum’
s vessel and some othervesse ls nearby . They carr ied Capt . Linth i cum away and kepth im a pr isoner abou t Ken t or P'
oplar I slands for severa lmon ths. After his release
,then ha l f c lad and barefo-oted , an
obj ect of pi ty from grea t pr ivat ion wh i le he l d a pr ison er, hewa lked most o f the way to his home in Dorchester Coun ty .
The burn ing of these vesse ls and the capture of Cap-t.
Lin th i cum at Tobacco St i ck caused so much excitement
there that the Home Guards constructed barracks on the
lot near George Jones’ wind mi l l at the upper end of the townand en camped there for weeks on con stan t guard an t i c i
pat ing another at tack from the B r i t ish .
The ladies of the town and neighborhood were so patrio t icthey prepared the food an d d id the cooking for the m i l i t iawh i le encamped there.
BR ITISH THREATEN DORCHESTER,
(From Amer i can and Commercia l D ai ly A dver tiser . )
August 5 , 18 12 .
From the M er chants Coffee House Book .
By an open boat from Cambri dge, whi ch sh e left on Wed
ne-sday at 2 P . M . ,
in format ion is received of the l ightsquadron of B ri t ish be ing st i l l off J am
-es
’ Poin t and mou th
2 52 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTE R COUNTY
Capt . Nathan ie l Applegarth’
s company of m i l i t ia was at
Royal Oak in Talbot Coun ty when the B ri t ish at temptedto capture that place . The large force of m i l i t ia col lectedthere checked the advan ce of the enemy and saved the l i tt levi l lage .
B ri t ish barges severa l t imes entered the Nant i coke R iverand alarmed the peop le. Cap
-tain Craft’s company was thencal led out in ant i c ipat ion o f an at tack on several oc casions.
B e low is given a part ia l l ist of officers who se rved in the
m i l i t ia in fan try regimen ts of Dorchester Coun ty dur ing the
War of 18 12 - 18 15 . The y were appo in ted by the Governor
and Counc i l of Maryland in August, 18 12 :
Levin Wa l ter, Major ; Wm . Jackson, J r . , Surgeon ; Samuel Gr iffin, Surgeon
’
s Mate, Eleven th Reg imen t, DorchesterCoun ty .
John Wil l i s Lieutenan t ; Wm. M edford, Ensign, in Captain Eccleston s Company, Eleven th Regimen t .
Will iam Hayser, Captain ; Samuel Briely, J r., Lieu ten an t ;Joseph Wh i te ley, Ensign,
in A Compan y, Eleven th Regimen t .
Wm . B . Sm i th,Capta in ; John Lyn ch, Lieu tenan t ; Gama
l ie l Banks, Ensign,in the same Regimen t .
Minos. Adams, Captain ; So lomon Davis, Lieu tenan t ;Robert Medford, Ensign, in the same Regiment .
John Rowens,Captain ; Arthur Lowe, Lieu tenan t ; David
Andrew,Ensign
,in A Company, Eleven th Regimen t .
Joseph Ell iot t, Lieu tenan t ; R i chard Pearcy, Ensign,in
Captain Craft’
s Company, same Regimen t .
Abraham Saunders, Lieutenan t, in Cap-tain Webbs’
Com
pany, same Regimen t .
John Vinson,Ensign of Capta in Mil ls
’ Company, same
Regimen t .Wm . Co lston ,
Capta in ; Samuel Wi l l iams, Lieu tenan t,of A Company, For ty—eighth Regimen t, in Dorchester
Coun ty.The fo l low ing is a. brief l ist o f a few vo lunteers who served
LI ST OF VOLUNTEERS 2 53
e i ther in act ive l ine of duty or in the Coun ty Mi l i t ia dur ingthe War of 18 12 - 18 15Wm. G . LeCompte.
Wm . Pasterfield .
Wm . Windsor .
Wil l iam Andrews, of Lakes Distri ct F irst Lieu tenan tin Forty—eighth Regimen t (Jon es) , Md . , Dorchester Cou n tyMi l i t ia .
Nathan ie l Applegarth, Captain of Dorchester Cou n tyMi l i t ia Company .
With no official records to exam ine, i t is diffi cu l t to obtain
the names of many of the so l d iers of the War of 18 12 fromfam i ly h istory .
Education—Schools .
CHAPTER XXX .
In ear ly days o f the co lony of Maryland, som e of the ch i l
dren of the few weal thy se t t lers were sen t to England to beedu cated ; o thers were taught at home by inden tured servan tteachers, pr iests and rectors
,wh i le most of the poorer c lasses
were neglected and grew up ut ter ly i l l i terat e .
In 172 3 an Act was passed for estab l ish ing a. publ i c schoo lin each coun ty, and a Board of Vis i tors was appoin ted ineach coun ty to execu te th is law . Th e Schoo l Board in Dor
chester was Rev . Thomas Howe l l , Co-l . Roger Woo l ford,Maj. Henry E nnalls, Capt . John R ider, Capt . H enry Hoo per,
Cap-t. John Hudson and Mr . Govert Lockerman . Teachers
for these schoo ls were requ ired to be members of the P ro-t
estant Episcopal Church, piou s ( P) and capable of teach ingwe l l grammar , goo d wr i t ing and mathema t i cs, for a sa laryof £2 0 a year, with free pr iv i leges of a. dwe l l ing house
and firewoo d,and su ch food produ cts as were ra ised on
the lan d al lot ted for each publ i c schoo l . Though: influential men were in charge of educat ion al mat ters, yet progress was slow , shown by inqu iry made by the B ishop of
London,in 1724,
when he addressed Rev . Thomas How e l l ,rector of Great Choptank Parish, as fo l lows :
“Have you , in
your par ish, any publ i c schoo l for the in stru ct ion o f youth !
I f you have, is i t endowed , and who is the master ! ” The
re ctor’s reply was :“There is in my par ish on e publ i c schoo l ,
endowed with £2 0 Ster l ing curren t money, wh i ch is about15 sh i l l ings Ster l ing year ly, for wh i ch the master is obl igedto teach ten char i ty scho lars . The master is Philep Albeck .
To a sim i lar inqu iry from the B ishop, Rev . Tho-mas
Thompson ,rector of Dorchester Par ish, repl ied :
“ I have no
“RUN AWAY MAN
”2 5 5
publ i c schoo l in my par ish for the instruct ion of you th at
presen t , nor any pr o spect o f there be ing on e .
”
The first publ i c free schoo l in the province was King Will iam’
s Schoo l, bu i l t at Annapo l is in 170 1 ; the Act to establ ishi t provided fo r seven visi tors or trustees to be appo in ted fromeach coun ty ; those from Dorchester were Rev . Tho-mas
How ,e l l rector of Great Choptank Par ish, Co l . Roger Woo lford,Maj. H enry E nnalls, John R i der, Cap t . H enry Hooper ,
Capt . John Hudson and Govert Loc kerman .
In 17 5 3 the Coun ci l issued an order that schoo lmasters
must be l i censed , and that teachers of all publ i c and pr ivateschoo ls must take the test oa ths. Many Catho l i cs refusedto take the oaths and clo sed the ir schoo ls .
3
The fo l lowing advert isemen ts in the Maryland Gaz ette of
February 17, 1774, show What class of people were employedin some places as school teacher s :
To be So ld— A schoolmaster, an inden tured servan t thathas got two ; years to serve .
“N . B .
— He is sold for no fau l t any more than we are donewith him . He can learn book-keeping, and is an exce l len t
goo-d Scho lar .
”
RUN AWAY MAN.
DORCHE STE R COUNTY , January 14, 177 1 .
Ran away from the subscr ibers, a servan t man,name d
Wil l iam Henry Bawden,he is a s l im made man abou t 24
years of age and has fo l lowed the O ccupat ion of a schoo lmaster . Had on when he wen t away , a blue Coat , countrymade Jacke t with Lappe lls, Snuff co lor ed Ve lvet B reeches,and wears h is own Ha ir wh i ch is black and straight . I t issupposed he took a smal l bay Mare away with him, the Mare
has two wh i te Fee t, and her mane hangs on the r ising s i de ;there was a good Saddle on the Mare
,and a Pair o f b lue
Housing Bands with Leather and Surcingle to the Saddle .
Who ever takes up the Man an d Ma re , and secures them,
so as the Owners sha l l get them again,sha l l have F ive
2 56 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
Pounds pa i d them i f taken out of the Coun ty, and i f takenin the Coun ty, Sa t isfact ion for their Trouble, Pai d by theSubscr ibers .
VVINLOCK RU S SUM ,
JE RE M IAH CARTE R .
N . B .
— The above Servan t was born in England, he is a
great talker and loves gam ing .
The first publ i c school law for the State was passed in182 6.
Funds were ra ised to support the schoo ls by lo t tery grants.
The first schoo l fund raised by taxat ion was a tax lai d on
bank sto ck, of twen ty cen ts on every $ 10 0 of stock .
In 1864 Rev . Dr . Libertus Van Bokkelin framed a pub-l i c
schoo l law for the State . Under th is law , in 1865 , he was
appo in ted State Superi n tenden t of Publ i c Instru ct ion .
Th e Board o f Schoo l Comm issioners and Exam iners firstappoin ted in Dor chester Coun ty under th is Act was Dr . E .
F . Sm i thers, Presi den t ; Travers Spi cer, John E . Graham,
John G . Robinson and Robert F . Thomps on ,Comm issioners
(Thompson , Secre tary and Treasurer) . There were then butforty-n ine schoo l -houses in the county and 10 0 0 pupi lsenro l led and taught by twen ty-n ine male and s ixteen fema leteachers .
In 1867 th is schoo l law was repea led, and , under a new law,
another Board o f Schoo l Comm issioners was appoin ted, viz :Dr. James L . B ryan , who was e lected Pres i den t
,February 6,
1867, Dan ie l J . Wadde l l , John G . Robinso n , John E . Graham,
Travers Spi cer and Joseph E . Muse,Secre tary and Treasurer .
On Apr i l 1 , 1868, Dr . James L . B ryan was e lected Secretary
,Treasurer and Exam iner of the Board , an offi ce to
wh i ch he was su ccess ive ly reelected biannual ly, and wh i chhe hel d con t inuou sly un t i l January 30 ,
1898, a per iod of
almos t th irty years . H is co l legiate edu cat ion ,m i l i tary tra in
ing and servi ce in the Mexican War em inen t ly qual ified h im
to organ i ze and supe r in tend the pub l i c schoo ls in the county,and to th is great work he devoted his t ime and talents. He
Federal and Confederate Sold iers from Dorchester Countyin C ivi l War, 1861
-1865 .
CHAPTER XXX I .
FEDERAL SOLD IERS .
The great rebe l l ion of the sou thern part of the Un i tedStates tha t began in 186 1, was not the ou tbreak of an op
pressed peop le under a tyrann i cal governmen t— a caus e thatleads to just ifiable revo lu t ions— but, whi le in pos session of
the legislat ive and judi cia l bran ches o f the: governmen t incon tro l of its naval and m i l i tary pow er, tha t se ct ion of the
coun try vo luntar i ly su rrendered all its governm en tal jurisd i ct ion at Wash ington in the height of po l i t i ca l exci tement
over the loss o f the exec u t ive branch of the gov ernm ent .
They claime d to be apprehensive of future in te rferen ce of
their proper ty r ights by the m inor i ty party then on ly inexecut ive con tro l, and decided to. try to d isso lve the FederalUn ion by the revo lu t ion ary method of secess ion .
Wh i le Mary land was by common . inter ests and locat ionat tached to the Sou th, yet many of he r peop le so loyal lyloved their country they cou ld not subm i t to its disso lu t ion .
Hence, many Mary landers en tered the Federal Army as
vo lunteers to defen d and protect the“Un ion .
”
The F irst Eastern Shore. Regimen t of In fan try, MarylandVo lun teers, was organ-iz ed at Cambr i dge, Md . ,
in Septembe r,186 1 . James Wal lace was e lected Co lon e l .O f th is. regimen t, Compan ies A, B and C were recru i ted
in Dor che ster County . Company A was mustered out of
se rvice August 16, 1862 ,by o rders. from the War Depart
men t , they having refus ed to leave the Eastern Shore to dom i l i tary du ty. in Virgi n ia .
CON FEDERATE SOLDI ERS 2 59
T h is regimen t , in cluding Compan ies D , E , F and G
from Caro l ine Cou nty, Company H fro-m Talbot Coun ty,Company I from Bal t imor e C i ty, and Company -K from
Some rse t Cou nty, were detai led for guar d duty along the
coa st l ine s of the Eastern Shor e of Virgin ia and Maryland
to preven t bloc kade-runners from carrying con traband goo ds
South .
When General R . E . Lee invaded Maryland with h is army,the F irst Eastern Shore Regimen t asked to: be sen t to join
the Army of the Po tomac at the fron t . They were sen t to»Bal
t imore, and from there mar ched wi th Genera l Lo-ckwo-o-d’
s
B r igad e to Get tysburg, wh i ch the y rea ched on the morn ingof Ju ly 3 , 1863 , and immed iately joined the Twe l fth. Army
Corps on Cu lp’
s Hil l ; wen t act ive ly into ba t t le and won a
record o f splend id service . With the Army of the Potomac,they pursued the retreat ing Con federates to the Potomac
R i ver, assist ing in the capture of pr ison er s and mun i t ion s of
war.
After a br ief duty on the upper Potom ac, the F irst Eas tern
Shore Regimen t was or dered bac k to the Eastern Shor e,Where i t per formed guard du ty un t i l its part ia l con so l i dat ionwith the Eleven th Regiment of In fantry, Maryland Volun
teers, and fina l di sclharge o f others by the expirat ion of termo f en l istmen t . (For Roster of Dor chester Compani es, see
Append ix .)
CONFEDERATE SOLD IERS .
In 186 1 and 1862 , after the outbreak of the Civi l War,
wh i ch divided publ i c op in ion and sympathy on the greatnat ional quest ions of
“States R ights and n egro slavery, a
number o f young men from Dor chester Cou n ty o f cou rageand W i th stron g fee l ings for “Sou thern R ights, dec ided to
go“Sou th” and en ter the Sou thern Army at the r isk or
sacr ifice of the ir l ives in defen ce of the prin c ipl es they con
scientiously en tertained . I t is the purpose here to give some
o f the ir name s and rank in the Con federate servi ce, with
260 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
the sad fate or goo-d fortune that each met as a so ld ier in
whatever bran ch o f the m i l i tary or nava l serv i ce they en l isted .
Fo l lowing is a l ist of on ly a sma l l part o f those who wen t
Sou th dur1ug the C ivi l War from the coun ty :
George Lankford,Linkwood
,M2d . , pri vate, Company G,
Second Maryland In fan try .
McCread y, pr i vate, Company F,Second Mary land
In fan try .
McCready, Vienna,Md . , pr ivate, Company F,Second
Maryland In fan try .
J . P . Finstwait, Federalsburg, Md . , pr ivate, Company G,
Sec ond Maryland In fan try . Wounded and d ied on bat t lefield, near Cu lp
’
s Hil l, at Get tysburg, P a ., Ju ly 3 , 1863 .
Will iam Laird , Secon d Maryland In fan try .
Winder Laird, Adju tant , Secon d Maryland In fan try,Ki l led in Bat t le on We ldon Rai lroad .
George Mann ing, Drawbr i dge, M:d . , Sergean t, CompanyG, Second Maryland In fan try . Returne d home after the
c lose of the war .
Will is V . B rannock, Church Creek, Md ., Corporal, Com
pany A, Secon d Maryland In fan try . Returned home .
Wil l iam B rannoc k, Townpo int, Md ., pr ivate, Company G,
Secon d Marylan d In fan try .
Wash ington Vickers, East New Market, Md .
, pr ivate,Comp-any G, Sec on d Maryland In fan try . Returned home .
Detai led to Life Saving Stat ion .
James L . Woo l ford, Mil ton ,Md . , pr i vate, Comp-any G,
Se cond Maryland In fan try . Return ed home .
George Twil ley, Salem, Md . . pr ivate, Company G, Secon dMaryland In fan try . Returned home .
B enjam in Twil ley, Hart ford, Conn , pr i vate, Company G,
Secon d Maryland In fan try . Returned home.
Will iam H . B ryan ,Madison
,Md . , Company G, Second
Maryland In fantry . Re turned home .
George A . Sm i th, Vienna, Md ., private, Corporal, Sar
262 H I STORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
Army, Co lone l Jones rema ined in the South un t i l 1880 and
then returned home to Dorchester Cou n ty , Md .
Dr . Thomas H . Wil l iams,from Cambr i dge
,Md . , en tered
the Con federate servi ce as. Surgeon . For his exce l len t servi ce and pro fessiona l ski l l, he was promo ted to Assistan t Surgeon -Genera l o f the C
'
. S . A . , where he se rved unt i l thec lose of the War, when he returned to Cambr i dge to prac
t i ce his pro fession and where he also engaged in the“drug”
bus iness .
J . McK enney Wh i te left Cambr i dge ear ly in Ju ly, 1861,
with a party in c luding Winder Laird, Lake Scleigh,Will iam
La ird,John Ph i l l ips ,
Elias Gr is-wo l d an d a large man. theyca l led “Jeff Davis, all of whom jo ined Wm . H . Murray’sCompany H ,
F ir st Md . Reg’t , except Griswo ld, who was
appo inted Provost Marsha l o f R ichmon d . Thi s. companyhad be en mustered in to serv i ce June 18 as one year vo lun
teers and not be ing l iable for lon ger servi ce,was mustered
out of se rvice at Staunto-n on June 18, 1862 , after havingbeen in numerous fights, first at M ‘
an assas, where their Co lon e l Arno ld Elzeywas promo ted on the fie ld . Kirby Sm i th’
s
br igade,consist ing of the 1st Md .
,10 th and 13th Va . ,
and
3d Term . of J oe Johnson’
s. Army, broke the Federal Armyl ine s by thei r charge in th is figh t .Th is regimen t then wen t through Ston e-wa l l Jackson
’
s
Va l ley Campai gn ,in wh i ch i t bore a mos t con spi cuou s part .
(See officia l or ders o f Jackson and Ewe l l . )Mr . Wh i te was so severe ly wounded at Cros s. Keys, Jun e
8, 1862 (one o f the c losing bat t les o f the campaign) , thathe was disabled for act ive servi ce in the fie ld un t i l the spr ingo f 1864 . Dur ing the t ime of h is d isab i l i ty fo r act ive servi cehe was an assistan t and passpor t c lerk to Major Gr iswold ,Provost Marshal of R i chmond . The trouble from his
wounds so in creased tha t he was transferred to the Secon dAud i tor’s o ffice in the Con federate Treasury Departmen t .Wh i le there, Genera l Gran t
’
s Army cros sed the: Rapi dan .
Mr . Wh i te resi gned hi s posi t ion and rejo in ed the Army as
pr ivate with Murray’s Company A, 2 d Md . In fan try , and
with th is regimen t he remained un t i l the c lose of the War .
CONFEDERATE SOLDIERS
He was again wounded in the charge of the 2 d Md . Reg’t
at Co ld Harbor , where that regimen t won impe rishablehonor s for hero i c bravery . (See Lee
’
s and B reckinridge’
s
o ffic ia l reports.) Then he wen t.
through the arduous and
trying campaign arou nd Petersbu rg and was in the m i dstof the desperate fight ing at the We ldon Rai lroad, Hat cher’sRun, and at a ll po in ts wherever the 2 d Md . cou l d be pla cedto con fron t the Federa l Army .
After the c lose of the War, Mr Wh i te returned to Maryland and is now one o f Bal t imore
’
s prom inen t and prosperous business men .
A . Ham i l ton Bay ly, Cambr i dge , Md ., en tered the Con fed
erate Army and jo ined Peyton ’
s Battery, in wh i ch he was
Sergeant . No deta i ls of servi ce are given . He return edto where he now l ives, act ive ly engaged inbusiness.
Dorchester County from Another Point of View.
CHAPTE R XXX I I .
In the heart of the Eastern Shore l ies fair Dorchesterland ,an expanse of gen t le undu lat ion s, in the upper sect ion hereand there crowned with d iminut ive h i l ls. and bro-ad fie lds, inseason fu l l of wh i te
,go l d and amber -co lored gra in , sweet
blo-ssom ed c lover and var ied orchards laden with r ipe and
lusc ious fru i ts, and interven ing woodlands of stately oak and
evergreen pine, that lend reflect ion to the at tract ive V iew of
the reced ing plain ; the low so uth lands that leve l and stret chaway with the downward course of the coun ty ri vers as they
go out to meet the Bay . On th is charm ing landscape l ive a
thr i fty,happy , courteou s and kind people, the descendan ts
of a noble an cestry, ch iefly Engl ish, with a s l igh t sprinkl ingof Ir ish,We lsh and Sco t t ish b lood , a racial combinat ion tha thas given the Engl ish some wit , tempered I r ish impat ien ceand modern ized We lsh and Scot t ish irony .
What our ancestry was hered i ty has large ly made us,a
typi ca l people, whose lot in l i fe has be en so favorably cast in
the m i dst of a pen insu lar garden, overflowing with Nature’
s
bount ies,graph i ca l ly descr ibed by Calvin Dil l Wi lson in Lip
pincott’
s Magaz ine of January, 1898 . In part he says : “I t isa famous. regi on . Its lo ca l name is known to most of thein tel l igen t ci t i zens of the Un i ted States. I t hasgreatness of its own and has c la ims upon at tent ion . Its
si tuat ion is in terest ing ; its popu lat ion has a marked character ; its products are va luable and are in
" demand everywhere in th is land and in many places ou tsi de of Ameri ca,
and its fame great because of the sensat ion s i t provides for
the palates of men . The Eastern Shore lie-s l ike an arm
thrust up by the oc ean between the Atlan t i c and the Chesa
Historical Notes .
CHAPTER XXX I I I .
DEMOLISHED CHAPEL.
The chape l bu i l t in St . Mary— Wh i techape l Par ish— byau thor i ty o f an Act o f Assembly, passed Ju ly 4, 175 5 , was
used for church servi ce un t i l the Revolu t ion in 1776, when i tseems to have been abandoned by rector and vestry . Afterstanding unused for many years, abou t 18 12
, the ne ighborsdec ided to tear i t doWn and d ivide the o ld mater ial amongthemse lves . Ben jam in N i cho ls and He nrn s izg o ls, his
bro ther, ass isted in its demo l i t ion , and go t sorfli
é
’
o f the br i cksfor the ir share wh i ch are in the kit chen ch imn ey on the farmnow owned by Jaspe r N i co ls, near Hynson . The lot Where
the chape l stood is in part an o ld graveyard,in whi ch is a
broken marb le slab, on wh i ch is the memor ia l inscr ipt ion of
Tho-mas Haskins . The farmer’
s plow has not invaded all
of th is lot, wh i ch has been known for the last hundred year sas the Church O ld-field .
”
RELIEF OF POOR .
In 1785 an Act was passed to provide fo r the bu i ld ing of
alms and o rkhq se-s . The trus tees of the poo
-r at th is t ime
in Dorchester Coun ty were H enry Hoo per, Robert Harr ison ,
Joseph E nnalls, Jos eph Daffin , Nathan ie l Mann ing,James Stee le and Robert Gr iffith . The pena l ty for refusingto serve as trustee was ten pounds o f curren t money .
The po or were compel led to work i f able . Those who
rece ived a lms had to wear a badge of let ters P . D .
”cut from
red or blue cloth upon the shou lders of the r i ght sleeve. The
penal ty for d isobeying th is regu lat ion was abr idging or wi th
DATE S OF LOCAL EVENTS 267
drawing the usua l al low an ce or a wh ippi ng of not more thanten lash-es or hard labor for not mor e than twen ty days.
The people were unable to pay the taxes for the supportof these bu i ld ings and
,,in 1788, the trustees were empowered
to make use o f all free schoo l prope rty for that purpos e . In
1793 a law was pa ssed that poor dependen t chi ld ren ,
“under
the ages o f three years, shou l d be put out in the n e ighborhood at the most favorable terms to be obtained to be nursedand suppor ted .
”
HUE AND CRY .
Dor chester Cou n ty Ju st i ces, as in o ther coun t ies of Marylan d in co lon ial days, were requ ired to appo in t con
-stables for
every hundred in the cou n ty on ce every year, who swore on
taking o ffice to“ levy hue and cry,
”and cause re fractory
cr im inals to be taken .
The hue and cry me thod o f looking for cr im ina ls was a
custom in remo te Anglo -Saxon t ime, when all the popu la
t ion wen t to hun t the th ie f .
DATES OF LOCAL EVENTS .
Cambr idge Academy was incorporated in 18 12 .
An Act au thor i zing a lottery to raise a sum of money fo rbu i ld ing a wharf at Cambr idge was passed in 1809 .
In the year 1793 the Town Comm ission ers of Cambridgewere au thor i zed to establ ish and regu late a market there .
An Act to open a pub-l i c road from Federalsburg to
Crotcher’
s Ferry was passed the same year .
Wild dec i° l iving in the forests of Dor chester Coun ty in1799 were pe rmi t ted to be ki l led by hun ters from September
5 to De cember 15 annua l ly . A fine of $30 impose d on
wh i te men and th i rty-n ine lashes infl i cted on slaves were the
pena l t ies fo r ki l l ing each deer dur ing the exempt pe riod .
A publ i c road was open ed from Hunt ing Cree k to Dover,in Ta lbot Coun ty, in 1765 .
268 H I STORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
A CO INC IDENCE .
In 1775 the Dorchester De legates to the Conven t ion or
General Assembly at Annapo l is were composed of Capt.
Henry Travers,Co-l . Henry Hooper, and James Su livane,
E sq rs . Th e first was the great-grandfather of Samue l M .
Travers . The secon d was. the grea t -grandfather of Mrs.
Mary E . Hooper, née LeCompte, mo ther of Jerem iah P .
Hooper . The th ird was the great—grandfather of Co l . Cl ement Su livane, who,
with Cap-t. Samue l M . Travers,in later
years represen ted Dorchester Coun ty in the Legislature of
Maryland .
POPULATION OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
CENSUS OF 190 0 .
Dor chester Coun ty, Distri ct I,Fork
, 1850 ; Dis
trict 2 ,East New Market, inc luding East New Market town,
2 398 ; Distr i c t 3 , V ienna, 15 2 2 ; Distr i c t 4, Parsons Creek,
946 ; Distr i c t 5 , Lakes, 1740 ; Distr i ct 6, Hooper I sland, 1298 ;Distr i c t 7, Cambr i dge, in c luding Cambr i dge town, 7346 ; D is
tr iet 8,Neck, 13 50 ; Distr i c t 9, Church Creek, 1 159 ; Distr i ct
10,Stra i ts, 2 12 0 ; Distr i ct 1 1, Drawbr i dge, 10 82 ; Distri c t 12 ,
Wil liamsburg, 699 ; Distr i ct 13 , Bucktown ; 10 24 ; Distr i ct 14Linkwood
,12 19 ; Distri c t 15 , Hur lo ck
,1379 ; Distri ct 16,
Mad ison,830 .
The densi ty of popu lat ion averages 46 to the square m i le .
On ly four o ther coun t ies in the State, Ca lvert, Garret t,Char les and Worces ter, have less than fi fty to the squarem i le.
270 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTE R COUNTY
ago- forgo t ten graves . To them we owe a great share of
grat i tude for our presen t surround ings and happiness.
THE A IREY FAM ILY .
Rev . Thomas Airey was born at Kenda l, Yorkshire, E ngland, in 170 1 . He came to the Provin ce of Maryland in1726, was inducted in to the office o f Pr iest o f Great Chopta
‘
nk Par ish , of Dor chester Coun ty, in 1728, by let ter fro-mthe Lord Propr ietary, Char les. Ca lvert
,Governor of Mary
land .
Rev . Thomas Ai rey: was the se cond Rec tor of Chri stChurch
,Cambr i dge . He marr ied, first , Elizabeth P i t t .
Ch i ldren by the first wi fe were :1 . Mary, who marr ied Thomas Mart in
,of Talbo t County
in 1772 .
2 . Elizabeth, marr ied Geo . Gale, of Som erse t Coun ty .
Left issue .
3 . Sarah,marr ied Capt . Will iam Haskins, of Dorches
ter Coun ty, in 1759. Left issue .
4 . Fran ces, marr ied Thos. E nnalls .
5 . Anne, no re cord .
6 . Jo seph,no record .
7 . Leah , marr ied Andrew Skinne r E nnalls son o f Thomas
and Ann Skinner, his w i fe .
8 . John , marr ied Eli zabeth Edmon dson .
9 . Lou isa,marr ied Robert Gi lmore , of Ba l t imore
,Md .
The se con d wife of Rev . Thomas Airey was Mi lcah, widowo f John Ga le, o f Somerset Coun ty, and daughter of H enryHi l l and h is wife, Mary D enwood .
The ch i ldren o f Rev . Thos . Airey and his second wife were :
1 . Thos. Hil l Airey, marr ied Mary Harr is, o f Queen
Anne’
s Coun ty . daughter of Thomas Harris and his wife,who was .a Miss. Edmondson .
2 . Milcah,marr ied, 1
,Robert P i t t , o f Virgin ia ; 2 ,
Thos .
F irm in Eccleston in 1782 ; 3 , Thomas Mart in, of Ta lbo t
Coun ty, in 1788 .
TH E ANDERSON S -COL. E . E . BRALY 27 1
Robert and Mi lcah P i t t left one son , Samuel Wilson P i tt ,who marr ied Mary Sco t t in 1793 . Their ch i ldren were :
1 . Robins, no reco rd .
2 . Char les, marr ied Rosann a Co lston .
3 . Mat i lda,marr ied George Win throp .
4 . El i za, marr ied Wm . Hoope r ,
The ch i ldren of Milcah P i t t , née Airey, and Tho s . F irm in
Eccleston, were1 . Leah
,marr ied Govert Haskins.
2 . Thos . I . H . ,marr ied Sarah E nnalls Hoope r .
The Airey fam i ly left many descendan ts, some of whomare st i l l surviving in numerous. fam i ly l ines . Harry Gi lmore
o f C . S . A . fame , descended from Lou isa Airey .
WILL IAM C . ANDERSON AND H IS ANCESTRY .
The maternal grandfather o f Wm. C . Anderson was Dr .
Edward Wh i te, of Cambr i dge ,Md . Curt is Anderson mar
r ied Mary Whi te, daughter of Dr . Edward Wh i te and Maryhis wife . They had one surviving son ,
Thos. W .
Anderson , who was bapt i zed a Method ist in in fan cy by
B ishop Fran c is Asbury in 18 14 . Thos . W . Anderson was, inear ly ch i ldhood , le ft an orphan , and was raised by Thomas
Wh i te, son of Dr . Edward Wh i te . He marr ied M iss Elizabeth K . Eccleston , daughter of James Eccleston .
Wil l iam C . Anderson , son of Thos . W . Anderson , and
Elizabeth K . (Eccleston ) , his wife, now resi de in Cambr i dge .
He is c lerk to the Board o f Coun ty Comm issioners, beingappo in ted in O ctober , 1894 .
COL . E . E . BRALY .
Co l . E . E . B ra ly, propr ietor o f Hote l D ixon ,
in Cam
bridge, Md . , came from the R igg’
s Hou se in Wash ington ,
D . C .,and opened a ho te l in Cambr i dge in 1887 . His affa
ble manners and exce l len t managemen t have at tracted publ i c patronage that has made his business bo th profitable and
prog ressive .
272 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
His qual ificat ions and character ist i cs of the true type o f
a gen t leman were inher i ted from an Engl ish-German ances
try .
Up-to-date busin ess men , l ike the Co lonel , are making
Cambr idge a mod e l c i ty of modern con ven ien ces .
THE BROOKE FAM ILY .
(Genea log i ca l Notes , D r . Chr istopher J ohnson . )
Michael B rooke en ters his deman d for r i gh ts 24th June
1654, for h imsel f, his wi fe and two servan ts (Land O ffice,Lib . ABH
,fo l . 380 ) 5 th Apr i l, 1662 ,
he en ters r ights for
400 acres given him by way o f gift from the Governor an d
Coun ci l” for publ i c serv ice don e (Land O ffice, Lib . 5 , fol .
He was Just i ce of Calvert Coun ty, 165 5 (Md . Arch ives,
X, and 1658 (Lib. S
,fol . He was one of the
Provincia l Comm issioners of Maryland, 165 5-
56 (Md .
Arch ives, i i i, 3 17, He represen ted Calvert Coun ty in
the Gen era l Assembly or House of Burgesses, 1657- 1660
(Md . Arch i ves,i, 3 59, 382 ; Lib . S, fo l . l oth February,
1663-64, Fran c is B rooke, re l i c t of Michae l B rooke, of St .
Leonard’
s Creek, Calvert County, was gran ted adm in istra
t ion in the estate of the sai d M i chae l (Lib. BB ,fol .
H is widow,Fran ces, subsequent ly marr ied Henry Tr ippe,
o f Dorchester Coun ty, who ,in 1665 , demands, as her hus
band, the renewa l of a warran t for land wh i ch had former ly
issued to Michae l B rooke (Land O ffice, Lib . 9, fol .
Michae l B rooke and Fran ces, his wife , had issue ; on e son
1 . Dr . John B rooke, of whom further .
Dr . John B rooke, son of Michae l and Frances, l ived at
first in Calvert Cou n ty . 6th February, 1667, John B rooke,o f Ca lvert Coun ty, Ch irurgeon , he ir apparen t to Michae l
B rooke, deceased, acknowledges to have rece ived of Henry
Tr ippe fu l l sat isfact ion for two- th irds of the estate of sa i d
M i chae l as per inven tory (Lib. FF,fo l . He removed
274 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
their accoun t,etc . (Test . Proc . Lib. 24, fo l. By her
second husband she had at least one daugnter :I . Sarah Stevens, marr ied Tho-mas Woo l fo rd (see Stevens
fami ly) .
NOTE S .
The wi l l of Dr . John B rooke is dated 24th January,1692
-
93 , and was proved 2 1st March, 1692-
93 . Men t ion stestator ’
s grandch i l d, Babington Cook-e ; grandch i ld, JohnCooke ; Joseph E nnalls
,who marr ied te-stato-r’s daughter ;
granddaughter, Martha. Lawren ce, under 16 years of age ;
bequests to Dan ie l Sherwood, Edward Hamb leton and RalphDawson ,
Jun ior . (Annapo l is, Wil ls, Lib. 7, fo l .
Jud i th Broo ke (widow of Dr . John) , dated 1 1th Ju ly,proved 7th Decembe r, 1693 . M ent ions the ch ief testatr ixis now pregnan t of ; daughte
I
r-in—law (i . e., stepdaughter) ,Mrs .
Anne Cooke ; daughter- in—law, Mary E nnalls, and her e l destdaughter, Mrs. Mary Sherwoo d ; Anne Cooke, the you nger,and Mary Cooke ; John Coo ke , son of Mrs . Anne Cooke ;Martha Lawren ce ; testatr ix
’
s sister,Barbara Thorp ; bequests
to John Sands and John Jones, Margery Sm i th and her
ch i ld, James Chambers ; Kather ine Clayland , under 16 yearso ld ; R i cha rd Dawson ; Andrew Boo th ; Mary Sherwood , the
younger ; Kather ine Sherwoo d ; Margaret Hamb leton , wifeof Wil l iam Hambleton ; Grace Hopkins, the e l der ; Mrs . Co l
l ins ; Dan ie l Sherwood and Edward Hamb leton ; R i chardCo l l ins ; be loved fr iend, Mr . Hugh Sherwood, the e lder
,of
Talbo t Cou n ty, execu tor . (Annapo l is,Wil ls, Lib. 7, fo l io
7th May, 172 3 . John Steven s and Anne, his wife, and
Babington Cooke, all of Dor chester Coun ty, to Wil l iam
E nnalls, o f sai d coun ty, tract of 50 acres ca l led The Adven
ture ,”in Dorchester Coun ty . Anne Stevens, daughter of
John B rooke, late of Dorchester Coun ty, Ch irurgeon,
deceased , and wi fe o f above-named John Stevens, depu tes
her fr iend , John Eccleston ,to acknowledge th is deed for
her . (Dorchester Co . Rec .,Lib . 8, o ld , fol . 57
TH E CARROLLS 275
THE CARROLLS .
f i rms of Carrol l, Chiefs of 15 19,
th ing’s Gountg, firelanb.
The Maryland Carrol ls have borne a prom inen t part forover two cen turies in the so cial, pro fessional and po l i t i ca ldevelopmen t of the State .
Amon g thos e who have been espe cial ly prom inen t may
be men t ion ed Rev. John Carro l l, first Roman Catho l i c Archbishop in th is coun try ; Char les Carro l l, of Carrol l ton ,
a name
preem inen t in the h istory of the cou n try ; Char les Carro l l,Barrister of Ann apo l is, whose br i l l ian t art i c les are acknow l
edged to have be en leading factor s in mo ld ing publ i c sent i
2 76 H I STORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
men t in co lon ial t imes : Tho-mas King Carro l l, on e of the
Leg is lat ive Governors of Maryland ; John Lee Carrol l, Governor at a later per iod ; Anna Ella Carro l l,
“the unrecogn i zed
membe r of Linco ln’
s Cabi net ,”and Dr . Thomas King Car
ro l l, an eminen t phy s i c ian of the Eastern Shore .
The Carrol ls trace their an cestry in unbroken l ine to the
Carro l l who led the E lyans, A . D . 10 14 . When some of
the fam i ly em igrated from Ire-lan d to th is coun try, theyset t led first in Virgin ia, and came to. Maryland abou t 1640 ,
where they have l ived for success ive generat ion s to the presen t day.
I t is on ly of the immed iate an ce stors of those l iving inDor chester County that th is h istory perm i t
-s further men t ion .
They first be came iden t ified with the country abou t 1840 ,
when Gov. Thomas King Carrol l removed there wi th his
fam i ly from Kingston Hal l , Som er set Coun ty, Md .,the an
cestral home of th is bran ch of the Carrol ls.
James Carro l l, of St . Mary’s Coun ty, Md . , marriedAram in ta Thompson in 1745 . One of their son s
, CoIl . Henry
J ames Carrol l marri ed Eli zabe th Barnes King, daughter
an d heiress of Thomas King, of Kingston Ha l l,Som erset
Coun ty, Md . , a member of a fam i ly as dist ingu ished and hon
orable in Ireland as the Carrol ls. They had two sons,
Tho-mas King and Char les Cec i l ius . The latter l ived at‘
Kingston Hal l un t i l hi s. educa t ion was completed, and after
wards studied law in Bal t imore in the office of the eminen t
lawyer, John V . F . McMahon , and was adm i tted to. the bar
there. He served several term-s in the State Legislature,but soon after his marriage he removed to St . Lou is, Mo . ,
where the rest of his l i fe was spen t in the pract i ce of his pro
fession . He marr ied Ann ie Sm i th, of Snow Hil l,Wor cester
Coun ty, Md . , daughter o f Isaac P . Smi th, and who had three
sisters and three bro ther s ; Rosina marr ied Dr. Gove Sau ls
bury, Governor of De laware ; Margaret marr ied Dan iel M .
Bate’
s, Ch ief J ustiq‘
e of D elaware ; Sarah Elizabe th marr ied
George H . Mart in, of Ph i ladelph ia .
278 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
being Naval O fficer of the Por t of Ba l t imore. He died at hisresi den ce in Dor chester Coun ty, in O ctober, 1873 , and is
bur ied in the ceme tery of O ld Tr in i ty Chur ch, wher e also hiswife and five o f his ch i ldren are in terred .
Governor Carrol l was the father of the. fo l lowing ch i ldren ,
all of whom wer e: born at Kingston Hal l : AnnaggE lla, Henry,
James, Ju l iana. Tho-mas King marr ied Margare t HandyCarro l l ; Hen rietta Stevenson marr ied Dr . J o Ihn
s
‘
Ch ew G ib
son , of Talbot Cou n ty ; Ada ma rr ied Dr. Wm . J . Bowdle, ofDorcjhester Coun ty ; Sal l ie marri ed Thomas Cradoc k, of Balt imore Cou n ty .
Ann a El la Carro l l was the mo st d ist ingu ished and"
bri l l ian twoman Maryland ever produc ed, and dur ing the C iv i l War
gain ed a na t ion a l repu tat ion by her servi ces to the governmen t . Her sympa th ies were: en l isted for the nat ion al cause,and she began a series o f a rt i c les- that at on ce at tra cted theat tent ion of Lin co ln and the adm in istrat ion . As. the au thorof the
“Tennessee Campa ign,
”she: so on be came famou s.
Though her c laim. to this is. in con testably establ ishe d by documen ts st i l l on file in the Congressiona l Library in Washington, and acknowledged by Lin coln h imse l f and near ly all of
the leading men . of the day,in : pri vate let ters to her (now in
the possess-ion of a membe r o f the Car ro l l fami ly) , she neverreceived publ i c reagni tion .
Secretary Stan ton sai d of her : Her course was the most
remarkable in the war . She got no pay and d i d the greatwork that made others famou s.
” Governor Hicks of Marylan-d at tribu te-d large ly to her influen ce hi s success in keepingthe State in l ine . I t is. to be hoped that fu ture h istor iansmay some day accord to her the jus t i ce den ied he r in l i fe .
She d ied in Wash ington ,D . C . ,
where she had l ived for someyears, in Febru ary , 1894, and her remains were brought toDor chester Coun ty and interred be s i de those of her fatherand mother .
Som e o f the let ters, repor ts and documen ts. con cern ing
Miss Carrol l’s m i l i tary servi ces have been reproduc ed an d
compi led in her biogr aphy .
TH E CARROLLS 279
No h istory of Dor ches ter Coun ty wou ld be complete witho ut mor e than a pass ing men t ion of Dr. Thomas King Car~
ro l l, who, as a man and as a physi cian , so ably susta ine d. the
reputat ion of his dist ingu ished an ce stor s. His influen ce wasfe l t throughou t the cou n ty both in publ i c and pr ivate l i fe .
Probably no on e man made an impr ess so imper ishable, orco n tr ibuted so large ly, to the shapi ng of those events wh i chhave marked the advancemen t of the people in this county .
Thoma-s. King Carrol l, son of Governor Thomas King Car
ro l l, and Ju l iana Stevens on , was born at Kingston : Hal l, Somerset Coun ty, Augu st 3 1, 182 1 . Graduat ing at Wash ingtonAcademy, he began the stud y of medic ine: un der Dr . Samue lChew of Ba l timor e, and at on ce exhibi ted a pecu l iar talentan d abi l i ty for the pro fess ion . Graduat ing in 1846 from the
Un iversi ty of Marylan d, he Opened an office in. Bal t imor e,
where he:
pract iced for a shor t t ime . Rece iving a pet i t ionfrom the ci t i zen-s of Dor chester Cou n ty asking him to set t lethere, he compl ied wi th the ir request and began the rea lwork o f his l i fe, wh i ch he dedi cate-d with heroi c devot ion . to
those:
amon g whom and for whom . he l ived for over hal f acen tury .
In acknowledgmen t of his servi ces in th is capaci ty, a
beau t i fu l monumen t,“ere ct ed by the peop le to his memory,
was dedi cated June 12, 190 1, in the cemetery of O ld Trin i ty
Church— the on ly monument ever er ected in the State to a
pr i vate c it i zen , and probably the first on e ever erected to a
phys i c ian by the spon taneou s offeri ngs of his pa t ien ts and
fr iends. The memori al servi ces, attend ed by a con cou rse of
peop le from all parts o f the county and State, at tested thelove, hon or and respe ct in wh i ch they held the memory o f
one whose loss to them: was irrepa rable.
Dr . Carrol l was a man of versat i le talen ts. A judge oncesai d of him
,after hear ing his test imon y in an impor tan t case
“That the law had lost a br i l l ian t star wh i ch the me di ca l proI
fession had gained .
”
He possessed in a remarkabl e degree the power of magnetism, at tract ing al l with whom he came in con tact, and
280 H I STORY OF DORCHESTE R COUNTY
inst inct ive ly creat ing that fee l ing of fa i th and trust so essen
t ia l to the success of a physi c ian . In the memor ial addresswas sai d of him :
“The record o f his hal f—cen tury of pracl
‘
»
.t i cal Work fu lfi l led the promise of hi s. nat ive ltlalent and
cu l t ivated mind, and ,looked over from the standpoint of
modern science, justifies the repu tat ion wh i ch he securely"establ ished as a su ccessfu l and learned pract i t ioner of the
hea l ing art. He added a generou s heart to a we l l-storedmind, and the two , act ing in per fect un ison
,made him]
respected for h is ski l l and beloved for hi s persona l trai ts of
character. It was a pleasure to know h im ; i tou ght to be an inspi rat ion to remember him. H is ch iefthought was to do his du ty ; his ch ief passion to re l ieve pain,
to comfort and to cure.
”
His was a nature thorough ly imbued wi th the high i dea lsand possib i l i t ies of a noble pro fession, and so we l l d id hel ive up to them that wherever his name is known i t standsfor the purest type of a gentleman and i deal phy s i c ian .
Tho-ugh i t is. as the physi c ian that Dr . Carro l l’s name wi l l betransm i t ted to pos ter i ty, he served the people none the lessfa i thfu l ly and advan tageous ly when they en trusted their publ i c inter ests to his keeping. He was three: t imes elec ted tothe State Legislature, twi ce to the House of Delegates and
once to the Senate, withdraw ing his. name as can didate forUn i ted States Senator to return to the pract i ce of his pro
fession . Dur ing hi s terms in the Legislature he was an
acknowledged lea-d er, and inst igated and carr ied throughmany bi l ls of last ing benefit to the people of the coun ty, andfrom wh i ch thi s, the th ird generat ion , is now profi t ing . Par
ticularly is th is the case in regard to publ i c educ at ion , as he
frame d and was instrumen ta l in having passed the: bi l l for
the establ ishmen t of the first free schoo l s in Maryland .
After his. term in the Senate expired, he never agai n he l dor sought pu bl ic office , yet he exerted a marked influen ce in
lo ca l affairs. to the year of his death, wh i ch oc curred at his
hom e,“Wa lnu t Landing,
” January 9, 190 0 . He was a man,
take him all in :
all ; we shal l not look upon his l ike aga in .
THE DENWOODS 281
Dr. Carro l l marr ied in December, 185 2 , Miss MargaretHandy Carro l l, of St . Lou is, Mo . , and had e ight ch i ldren
Tho-mas King, Charles Cec i l ius, Ha rry Stevenson, MargaretHan dy
,Victor C . , Ju l ia Stevenson ,
Vivian and Nel l ie Calver t .The coa t-o-f—arms of Maryland and the State motto were
adopted from those of the Ca lverts, who are connected bymarriage with this bran ch of the Carro l ls.
THE DENWOOD FAM ILY .
(Genea log i ca l Notes , D r . Chr i stopher J ohnson . )
Levin Denwood se t t led in Virgin ia before 1633 and was
one of the Just i ces of Northampton Coun ty m 1654 and
1657 (Northampton Co . Rec ) . A cert ificate was issued tohim 2 3d March, 1640 , for 5 50 acres due him for transport inghimse l f his wife and o ther persons (Northampton Co . Rec .,
Lib . I,fo-l . In 1665 heWas l iving in Accomac Coun ty
(Lib . 1663-66, fo l . 10 2 ) and probably d ied not long a fter
.
His daughter, Mary, marr ied Roger Woo l ford , Who set t ledin Somerset County, Md ,
and i t Was probably th is connect ion that determ ined the remova l of the Denwood fam i lyfrom V irgin ia to Maryland . The fo l lowing en tr ies from the
Land Office at Annapo l is throw light upon their removall oth Ju ly, 1665 , Roger Woo l ford en ters these r ig ,hts Levinand Sarah Denwood ,
John Wells,Martha Robinson, and
Owen Mackara (Lib. 8, fol . 13th February, 1667,
Roger Woo l ford, of Som erset Coun ty, proved r ights for
transport ing Mary,Thomas, Elizabeth and Rebecca Den
wood, R i chard P rinum,Barbara Gi lbert , Thos . Som ers and
Elizabeth Gradwe l l (Lib. 1 1,fol . 2 29 ; Lib . 12 ,
fo l .
17th November, 1670 ,Liveing Denwoo d , o f Somerset
Coun ty, proved his r i ght to 50 acres for transport ing his
wife, Pr isci l la (Lib . 16,fo l . 13th June, 167 1, Levin
Denwood, of Somerset Coun ty, proved his r ight to 50 acres
for transport ing his son ,Levin
, out of Virgin ia in to th is pro
V in ce (Lib. 16,fo l .
Levin D enwood and Mary ,his wife, had issue :
I . Arthur Denwood .
282 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
2 . Thomas Denwood .
3 . Lev in D enwood , of whom further.
4 . Luke Denwood .
5 . Susanna Denwood,marr ied Thos . B rowne .
6. Mary Denwood,marr ied Roger Wo o l ford (see Woo l
ford fam i ly) .
7 . Elizabeth Denwoo d, marr ied, 4th Ju ly, 1669, HenryHooper (see Hooper fam i ly) .8 . Rebecca Denwood, marr ied, 15 th November, 1679,
Neh . Covington .
9 . Sarah Denwoo d, marr ied H i cks.
Levin Denwoo d,son of Lev in and Mary
,removed
,as
above stated, from Virgin ia and set t led in Somerset Coun ty,Md . In his. wi l l
, proved 9th May, 1724 (Annapo l is, Wil ls,Lib . WD
,No . 1, fo Il . he leaves to Martha and Mary
Woo l ford,“the two daughters of my cou sin (i . e.
,nephew)
Levin Woo l ford,”two parce ls of land between Ro ck Creek
and the Devi l’
s Island Thorou gh fare,“wh i ch my late bro-ther
in- law Woo l for d and I purchased between us .
” By Pr isc i l la,his wife, he had issue as fo l lows :
1 . Levin Denwood ,born 6th November
,1670 .
2 . Arthur Denwood,died be for e 172 3 ; marr ied Esther
and le ft issue .
3 . Elizabeth Denwood , born 7th May, 1674 ; died, 1736 ;
marr ied George Ga le and left issue.
4 . Mary Denwood, born 2 d May , 1676 ; d ied, 9th Decem
be r,173 5 ; mar r ied, 16th November, 1697, H enry Hil l, and
left issue .
THE DORSEY FAM ILY .
The Dorseys of Maryland, descen d from the Lord Darcy,of Essex Coun ty, England , where they were made-
“
Ear ls of
Ho lderness at the t ime tha t Norman Darcy wen t into E ngland fro-m Fran ce w i th Wil l iam the Conqueror , bear ing with
him the same coat-of—arms and mo t to of his an cestor s of the
o ld Fren ch nobi l i ty back to the t ime of Char lemagne .
284 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
Dorchester County, the owners and o ccupan ts of Ye End
ing of Con trovers ie .
Wh i le never figuring conspi cuou sly in po l i t i cs, the Dor
seys have always been publ i c spir i ted and have not fai led toserve the ir coun try s in ce the first of the l ine received a grantof land in Dorset for servi ces rendered the colon ial govmen t in the ear ly Indian Wars. That lack of in c l inat ionkept them out of o ffic ial l i fe is eviden t from the fact thatthe ir nearest kinsmen, both by blood and marriage, o c cupied
posts of power in the provin cial governmen t .At the t ime, however, that the Dorseys of Anne Arundel
Coun ty were figuring con spi cuou sly in the publ i c mo vemen ts
,the Do rchester men of that name were devo t ing their
in terests toward the cu l t ivat ion of their acres and their brainsrather than seeking prefermen t away from home.
That the D'
o‘
rseys, o f Dorchester, were ear ly of dec idedl i terary tastes and pursu i ts we have reason to bel ieve, for inthe day when many a one cou ld not wr i te his own name wefind Edward Dorsey sel l ing, amon g o ther persona l effects
upon his departure fro-m the coun ty, two mahogany wr i t ingdesks men t ion ed in a bi l l o f sa le in 1750 . At th is t ime he
is be l ieved to have removed to Harford Coun ty, but not
be ing the benedi ct of the fami ly through who-m the land
descended, was lost sight o f.
In the year 178 1, when the Engl ish in barges harassed the
Eastern Shore of Maryland, the home guards were cal led
on to defend Vienna. Where the Bri t ish landed to m-araud
the town,Levin Dorsey responded and was ki l led dur ing the
fight there wh i le at tempt ing to repe l the invaders. He wou ld
have been bur ied at Vienna had not his on ly son John, a
boy of about fifteen years, be gged his body o f the Engl ish
o fficer,who ,
touched by h is appea l, gran ted the lad’
s request .
His remains were con veyed in a wagon to Controvers ie, a
d istance of twen ty mi les,guarded by his you ng son and an
o ld slave .
The B ri t ish grapeshot was extracted and reta ined by his
HOME OF OR . DORS EY WYVILL. FOUNDER OF THE MEDICAL AND CHIRURG ICAL FACULTYOF MARYLAND. 17 99 . CHURCH CREEK.
2 86 H I STORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
islands of that sect ion with Rev . Joshua Tho-mas,where manysought and found by fa i th the forgiveness of the ir s ins underthe spir i tual teach ing of those divines, then spreading Wes
leyan Me thodism .
The widow of Rev . Shepherd Drain d ied D ecember 2 3 ,1878 .
The materna l grandfather of Wm . F . Drain was VernonCre ighton , who was amon g the first M ethod ists in Dorches
ter Coun ty .
Wm . F . D rain marri ed Mi ss Mar ia Lou ise Crei ghton ,
daughter of John R . Cre ighton,O ctober 2 8, 1875 . Lou ise
B . Dra in is the ir on ly ch i ld now l iving .
THE ECC'
LESTON FAM ILY .
There were two bro thers Eccleston in England, on e of
them inher i ted the: fami ly estate in Lancastershire and the
other,I either by marriage o r through his mother, got an
estate in Bu ckinghamsh ire . From one of these bro thersdescended Hugh Eccleston
,who came to the Province of
Maryland between 1645 and 1665 . He took up land firston the Transq uaking R iver, in Dor chester Cou n ty, and a fterwards some on the B lackwater R iver, in 1667 . The Dor
chester County Ren t Ro l ls Show that Moses Mathews, whohad
“Dan ie l’s Pasture,”
10 0 acres surveyed May 12 , 1664,
and a lso owned “Newton ’
s Des ire , le ft these tracts o f landto John and Thomas Ecc leston , sons of Hugh Eccleston ; at
the death of Hugh Eccleston ,he left land to his son John ,
who marri ed Mary Skinn er, of Talbot Coun ty .
The ch i ldren o f J ohn/ E é
’
c leston and Mary Skinner, h is
wife, were :1 . Hugh, who marr ied El izabe th E nna lls .
2 . Thomas Firmin,who marr ied M il cah P i t t , née Airey
daughter of Rev . Thomas Airey and Mi lcah Gale, née Hil l
his. wife .
3 . Dor thea, mar r ied Joseph R i chardson
4 . Rache l, remained s ingle .
TH E ECCLESTON S 287
John Eccleston was pos sessed of a large estate, wh i ch hed ivided between h is two sons
,Hugh and Thomas F irm in,
giving Hugh the property on Transq uaking and Thom-as
that on B lackwater ,wh i ch is st i l l in the fami ly .
The E cc lestons were prom inen t in publ i c affa irs, Hughfirst was a major under the provin cia l governmen t . I t wasthrough his fam i ly that the annual ren t of an Ind ian bow
and arrow was pai d by the Indians to Queen Anne, of E ngland . At the t ime of the Revo lut ion of 1776, on e of thesebows and arrows was in possession of the Eccleston fami ly .
The ch i ldren of Hugh Eccleston, the second,were :
1 . Elizabeth E nnalls, no record .
2 . Dr . John,marr ied, 1
,Miss Gale, of Somerset Coun ty ;
2,Miss Su livane, o f East New Market .
3 . Margaret, d ied in you th .
4 . Sa l l ie, die d single .
The ch i ldren of Dr . John Eccleston were :1 . Hugh
,died a minor .
2 . James, mar r ied Henr iet ta Mar ia Mart in,daughter of
Judge Mart in and his wife, a Miss N i cho ls.
3 . El izabeth,marr ied Thomas Anderson
, of Cambr idge .
Chi ldren of Thomas F irm in Eccleston and Mil cah Airey :1 . Leah ,
marr ied Gover t Haskins in 180 0 ; died Septembe r
2 . Tho-mas John Hugh, marr ied Sarah. E nnalls Hooper,
May 16,1806, daughter of Major John Hooper and Elizabeth
E nnal ls Sco t t, his wife .
Govert Haskins was the son ofWill iam Haskins and SarahAirey, born in 1769 ; d ied in 1829 ; was a descen dan t of
Thomas Haskins, who marr ied Mary Lockerman,grand
daughter oIf Govert Lockerman,who came from the town of
Amsterdam, now New York, in 1679.
CH ILDREN OF THO S . I . H . E CCLE STON AND SARAHENNALLS HOOPE R .
1 . John Hooper, d ied in you th .
2 . Leah Em i ly,died, single
,in 1889 .
288 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
3 . Tho-mas F irm in , born in 18 12 ; died in 1846 ; marr iedDor thea Keene in 1838 .
4 . Elizabeth Anne,born in 18 15 ; marr ied John Leeds
Nesbit Kerr .
5 . James Hooper, no record .
6. Sarah Hooper, bo rn O ctober 2 6, 182 2 ; died December
3 1, 1894 ; marr ied , in 1843 , Edward John Stevens, son of
Ex~Go IV . Samue l Stevens, o f“Compton,
”Tal bo t Coun ty .
THE ENNALLS FAM ILY .
The first E nnalls to arr ive in Maryland was Bartho lomew ,
who came from York Cou n ty, Va .
,where
,abou t 1660 , he
marri ed Mrs . Mary Heyward,widow o f Franc is Heyward,
by whom she had two sons, Francis and John Heyward .
In the Land Office Records at Annapo l i s Md . , date of
March 10 , 1669, Bartho lom ew E nnalls, of the Coun ty o f
Dor set , proves the r ight for transport ing the fol lowing per
sons ou t of Virgin ia to inhabi t in th is Province, viz : Him
sel f, Mary (his wife) , Tho-mas E nnalls, Bartholomew E nnalls,Mary E nnalls
,Fran c is. Heyward and John H eyward (his
ch i ldren) , John N i cho ls, Wm. E nnalls, Wm . Sud lock and
Susan Hyde (his. servan ts) .The first tracts of land la i d out for Bartho lom ew E nnalls
and his son Thomas was Bartho lomew’
s Range,”
420 acres,surveyed Ju ly 10 ,
1672 ,in possession of Thos. E nnalls (see
Ren t Ro l ls) . Previously he had purchased of John Edmondson 2 0 0 0 acres of land on the Transq uaking R iver by deed,dated January 18, 1668
,for a sloop and 10 0 0 pounds of
tobacco .
In reference to the Heywards, there is in cou rt a let ter of
record fro-m Fran c is and John Heyward, of O ctober 2 5 , 1680 .
to Wm . Arno ld, au thor i z ing him to give possession o f some
land in Po co-s-o-n,York Coun ty, Va . , to Fran cis Heyward’s
father , Bar tho lomew E nnalls .
In March,1688, Bartholom ew E nnalls died and ment1on ed
in his wi l l five sons and two daughters,name ly : Tho-mas,
290 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
died November 2 2 ,1776, and left two ch i ldren, Margare t
and Joseph E nnal ls Muse . Margaret marr ied,in 1790 , Dr .
Wm . Wor th ington Davis, a br ight Scotchman, who died in
1795 , leaving severa l ch i ldren . From them have descendedfam i ly branches of C
'
ampbe l ls, Cham-berlains, Thomases and
Tr ipps. Joseph E nnalls Muse marri ed Soph ia Kerr, daughter of David Kerr and Rache l Leeds (BO-zman) Edmon dson ,
widow of James Edmondson,E sq . Soph ia (Kerr) Muse was
a sister of John Leeds Kerr, who was e lected to the U . S .
Senate. When he was born ,in 1780 , a party of gen t lemen
crossed Chesapeake Bay on the ice in January to: Wade’
s
Po in t P lan tat ion ,in Ta lbot Coun ty, to in form the Hon . John
Leeds of the birth of his great-grandson and namesake . H is
great-great—great—grandfather,Col . N i cho las. Lowe, owned
the first coach in Talbo t County, and when they drove out
in i t to Wh i te Marsh Church the: fo lks, wh i te and black,wou ld gather alon g the road to see them pa ss. The ch i ldren of Dr. Joseph E nnalls Muse and h is wife, Soph ia (Kerr)Muse were Joseph E .
,Dr . James A . , Dr. Wil l iam H . and
e daughter,Mrs. N i cholas B . (Muse) Worth ington .
Dr . Joseph E . Muse, the:
eldest son , became an expertchem ist and sc ien t ist, took great pleasure in agri cu l ture, andin 1838, the Regen ts of the Un iversi ty of Marylan d con
ferred upon him the hon orary degree of Doc tor of Med i c ine.
Co l . Wm . Sulivane Muse, of the U . S . Marine Corps, isthe el dest son of Dr. Wm . H . Muse, herein named , and
Elizabeth Su livane Muse, born in Dorchester Coun ty, Md . ,
Apr i l 8, 1842 . He en tered the U . S . Navy as a vo lun teerin 1862 , and was comm ission ed Lieu tenan t in the U S .
Mar ine Corps March 18, 1864 ; serve-d on the U . S . Str . St .
Marys,”in the Pacific un t i l 1866 ; was then assigned to shore
du ty at Wash ington and Annapo l is for four years ; then
ordered to the U . S . S .
“B rooklyn ,
”in the European Squad
ron for three years . In 1878 he was ordered to the U . S .
Art i l lery Schoo l at Fort Monroe , Va.,for instruct ion , wher e
he graduated in 1880 , was that year promoted Capta in and
THE ENNALLS 291
jo ined the U . S . F lagsh ip Tennessee, in 188 1, where he
served three years as F leet Mar ine O fficer of the North
Atlan t i c Squadron ; then fo l lowed shore duty at Wash ington,
New York and San Francisco . In 1885 , was stat ioned on
the Isthmus of Panama, with a mar ine ba t ta l ion,dur ing a
revo lut ion , to pro tect property and guard rou te o f transi t
across the isthmu s . In 1886 was ordered to Newport , R . I . ,
to take cou rse at Naval Torpedo Schoo l and War Co l lege.
In 1890 and 1893 served on the U . S . F lagsh ips“Char leston”
and“San Fran c isco”
as F leet Mar ine Officer of the Pacifi cSquadron , and commanded the mar ines of the fleet at theNaval Review in New York in 1893 . Was promoted Major ,Jun e, 1898 ; Lieu tenan t—Colone l, February, 1899, and Co lonel, January, 190 0 . Next ordered to comman d the Mar ineGuard at U . S . Nava l Academy, Annapol is, Md . , wh i leAdm ira l C
'
ervera and the o ther Span ish naval officers, cap
tured at San t iago , were he ld pr ison ers there . In December,1898, was ordered to Havana, Cuba, with mar ines , to o ccupyNavy Yard upon the evacuat ion of the Span ish ; in 1900 was
in command of the Mar ine Barracks, B rooklyn , N . Y . , then
transferred to Mar ine Barracks, Mare I sland, Ca l i forn ia,where he was found phys i cal ly unfi t for act ive service by a
Naval Medi cal B oard , and fro-m there ordered hom e and
ret ired fro-m servi ce . He has returned to h is magn ificenthome
: in Cambr i dge, Md . , where every comfor t surroundshim that cou ld be reasonably desi red .
NOTE S .
Bartho lomew E nnalls, of Dorchester County, who died in1688, left the fo l lowing ch i ldren :
1 . Thomas, who marr ied in 17 18, Elizabeth R i chardson ; died withou t issue .
2 . Will iam,marr ied Anne Warren .
3 . Joseph,marr ied Mary B rooke
,of Calver t Coun ty,
daughter of John: and Judi th B rooke .
4 . John ,marr ied Elinor Daffin .
292 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
5 . Henry, married,in 1695 , Mary Hooper .
6. Elizabe th,marr ied Roger Woo l ford
,of Som erset
Coun ty .
7 . Mary, marr ied John Fos ter .
SE COND GENE RATION .
The ch i ldren of Joseph and Mary B rooke E nnalls were :1 . Wil liam, who marr ied Ann ie Smi th in 17 16 ; d ied
in 173 1 .
2 . Bartholomew,marr ied Mary Sm i th in 172 5 and Eliz
abe th Tr ippe in 1734 ; d ied in 1783 .
3 . Joseph, born in 170 2 ; marr ied Mary E nnal ls ; d ied in
1759
if, 4 . Thomas, marr ied, 1, the widow Smart ; 2 ,
Ann ie Hey
ward .
5 . Henry, marr ied El inor Bo-stwo rth .
6 . Elizabeth,marr ied Chas. Goldsborough in 1730 .
7 . Mary, marr ied Co l . H enry Hooper, of Warwick .
TH IRD GENE RATION .
The ch i ldren ofWill iam E nnalls and Ann ie Sm i th were1 . Mary
, who marr ied E nnal ls Hooper.
2 . Ann, marr ied Gen .
I Henry Hooper .
The ch i ldren of Bartho lomew E nnalls and Mary, his firstwi fe, were :
1 . Mary,no recor d .
2 . Sarah, no record .
Those by his secon d wife, El izabeth Tr ippe, were1 . Elizabeth .
2 . Joseph, born in 173 5 .
3 . Anne, born in 1737 .
4 . Wil l iam, born in 174 1 .
5 . Henry, born in 1739.
6. Leath, born in 1743 .
7 . Bartho lomew,born in 1746 ; marr ied, 1
, Sal ly Hooper ;
2, Nancy Keene.
294 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
Goldsborough,were Robert , N i cholas and Jud ith . Rober t
marr ied , September 2 , 1697, Elizabeth Greenbury, daughtero f Col . N i cholas Greenbury and Ann
,his wife, of Greenbury
Poi n t, near Annapol is, Md . They set t led at“Ashbey,
”in
Ta lbo t County,and had a large fam i ly . Their son, Char les
Go l dsborough, who was C lerk of Dorchester Coun ty Cou rt
from 172 7 to 1738,marr ied , Ju ly 18, 1730 , Elizabeth E nna lls,s ister o f Co l . Will iam and Joseph E nnalls, of DorchesterCou n ty . After her death, he marr ied El i zabeth Dickinson ,
of Phi ladelph ia . By his first wi fe, Elizabe th E nnalls, he had
two ch i ldren,viz : Robert Go l dsborough and Elizabeth
Go ldsborough . Robert, who was born December 3 , 1733 ,
was educated in England and became a d ist ingu ished lawyerand statesman ; was appo in ted a De legate to. the Con tinen
tal Congress by severa l con vent ions of Maryland, wh i ch werehe l d at Annapo l is. He was a member of the Coun ci l of
Safety and a lso of the Const i tu t ional Conven t ion of Maryland in 1776. He marr ied in England, March 2 7, 175 5 ,
Sarah Yerbury, daughter of R i chard Yerbury, of BassingHa l l Street , London . They came to Maryland and set t ledin Cambr i dge. He owned and l ived on the “Po in t ,
”the prop
erty now owned by Mrs . Eliza Hayward . From h is. fam i lyof twe lve chi ldren we trace two notable bran ches of his l ine.
His eldest son ,Wil l iam Goldsborou gh, inher i ted the.
“Poin t ,”
wh i ch he so ld to James Stee le and mo ved to Freder i ck
Coun ty, Md . He marr ied Miss Sarah Worth ington , daugh
ter of Co l . N i cho las Worth ington , of Anne Arunde l Coun ty .
Another son of Hon. Robert Go l dsborough was Dr . R i ch
ard Go ldsbo rou gh, of Cambr idge, who marr ied Achsah
Wo rth ington , a s ister o f Mrs . Wil l iam Go ldsborough, his
brother ’
s wife . Dr . Go l dsborough l ived in Cambr i dge and
pract i ced medi c ine, he was a large land own er, and had a
large fam i ly . One of his sons was. Hon . B ri ce John Golds
borough, who ,for many years
,was Judge of the C ircu i t
Court, and in 1861, was appoin ted by Gov. Thomas Ho l l i
d ay Hicks to the B en ch of the Court of Appeals for Mary
TH E GOLDSBOROUGH S 295
land, and in 1862 was e lected to the same pos i t ion by a large
major i ty over his compet i tor, Mr . James B . Groom , of Ceci l
Coun ty . Whi le a member of the Court he died in Ju ly,1867 . He married Leah Go ldsborough, a daughter of
Mr . James Go lds-borough, his. cous in , of Ta lbo t Coun ty .
They had two sons, Jam es R i chard Go ldsborou gh,now l iv ing in Ken tucky, and M . Wor th ington Golds
borough, now a P ay Inspector, U . S . Navy, who entered the
service on September 30 , 1862 , as Acting Assistan t Paymaster ; was made Assistan t Paymaster in 1864 ; promoted to
Paymaster May, 1866 ; and made Pay Inspector November2 4, 1891 . His first du ty was on the U . S . S .
“Sou thfie-ld ,
”on
the sounds of North Caro l ina ; second, U . S . S . St . Lawrence ;
”th ird , U . S . S .
“Shamroc k ;” four th
,U . S . S .
“Con
stitution, at Nava l Academy, Annapo l is ; fi fth,
WashingtonNavy Yard ; s ixth,
U . S . S .
“Omaha,” Pacifi c S tat ion ; sev
enth, U . S . Coast Survey from O ctobe r, 1876, to March,
188 1 ; e ighth, U . S . S .
“B roo klyn, Sou th Atlant i c Stat ion ;n in th, Navy Yard, League Is land, P a.
°
next at P ay O ffice,San Francisco , Ca l. ten th, U . S . S . San Fran cisco”
and
U . S . S .
“Char leston , o f the Pac ific and Asiat i c Stat ion ,and
in 1893 , was ordered to the Nava l Academy, whe re he wasret ired on the n in th of Oc tober , 1896, having reached the
age l im i t, sixty-two years . Dur ing the Span ish-Amer i can
War,he was on volun tee r duty at Nor fo lk, Va . ; and after
the death of Pay Inspe ctor Loom is,was ordered to the NavalAcademy, where he is no on duty . Paymaster Gold sbor
ough marr ied M iss Net t ie M . Jon es, daughter of Samuel W .
Jones, of Princess Anne, Somerse t Coun ty, Md . They havefour son s l iv ing, vi z : Dr. B . W . Goldsborough and Hon . P .
L . Go ldsborou gh, o f Cambr i dge ; Dr . Mart in W . Goldsborough, o-f Princess Anne, Md .
,and M . R . Go ldsborough,
Ass istan t Paymaster, U . S . Navy , now at tached to the
U . S . S. Rainbow,
”of the Asi at i c Stat ion at Man i la
,P . I .
The fo l lowing is the d irect l ine of descen t of th is fami ly °
1 . N i cho las Goldsborou gh .
296 H ISTORY OF DORCH E STE R COUNTY
Robert Go ldsborough .
Char les Go ldsborough.
Hon . Robert Go ldsborough,Barrister .
Dr . R i chard Go ldsborough .
Hon . B r i ce J . Goldsborough .
Worth ington Go ldsborough .
Dr . B . W . and P . L . Go ldsborough .
9. Phi l l ips L . Go l dsborough, J r .
Dr .B r i ce W . Goldsborou gh, the e ldest son ,
is an em inen t
physi c ian and ski l l fu l surgeon ,now act ive ly engaged in h is
pro fession at Cambr i dge ; he marr ied M iss. Nann ie C . Henry,daughter o f Dr . James Winfie ld Henry, also of Cambri dge ;they have four daughters, Ann ie W., Etta, Laura D . and
Mary Campbe l l .
Hon . Ph i l l ips Lee Go ldsborou gh, the next son of Pay
master Go ld sb-o-rough,is a law yer by pro fession ,
and was
admi t ted to the Bar in 1889. In 1891 he was nom inated and
e lected State’
s Attorney for Dor chester Coun ty and reelected
in 1895 ; th is place he resigned when e lected Comptrol ler
of the State of Maryland in 1897 . Wh i le at the head of th is
office for two years, the finan ces of the State were never
previously managed more judic iously or more sat isfactor i ly
to all the people of the State, irrespect ive of party or corporate organ i zat ions . He marr ied M iss El len Showe l l, of Berlin
,Somerse t Coun ty
,Md .
, the daughter of Th eyhave two sons, Ph i l l ips Lee Goldsborough, J r .
,and B r i ce W .
Go ldsborough, J r .
The o ther bran ch of the Go ld sboroughs that l ived in Dor
chester Coun ty were the large fami ly and descendan ts of
Gov . Char les Goldsborough, who l ived at Shoal Creek, nearCambri dge . Gov . Go ld sborough
’
s first wi fe was ElizabethGo ldsborough, daughter o f Robert Go l dsborough, of
“Myrt leGrove,
”Ta lbo t County, and his second wife was Sarah T .
Go ldsborough,daughter of Char les Go ldsborough, of“Horn
’
s
Po in t,”and brother of Dr . R i chard Go ldsborough, o f Cam
br idge, sons of Hon . Robert Goldsborough, of the“Po in t .”
PO
N
QEJ‘
P
CP
N
298 H ISTOR Y OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
to pract i ce his pro fession there . In the fal l o f 1891 he was
nom inated by the Republ i can Party for the office o f State’
s
Attorney of Dorchester Cou n ty, to wh i ch he was e lected .
Four years. later he was renom inated and e lected by a handsome majori ty .
In 1895 he was a prom inen t candidate for Con gress in theF irst D istr i c t . In 1896 he was a. stron g cand idate for theUn i ted States Senate before the General Assembly of Maryland,but was defeated by a vo te of on ly four major i ty againsth im .
At the Republ ican State Conven t ion in 1897 he was nom
inated for Comptrol ler of the Treasury of the State of Maryland, and e lected by seven thousand major i ty .
In 1895 he began to pub l ish a weekly newspaper at Cam
br i dge,the Dorchester S tandard , a Republ i can organ wh i ch
he ed i ted and publ ished un t i l 190 1, when he so ld i t to
Thomas S . Lat imer, the presen t ed i tor and proprietor .
Mr . Go ldsborough is Chairman of the Republ i can StateCen tral Comm i ttee of Maryland and an influen t ial partyleader in the S tate . He is a popu lar member of severa lso cial and pol i t i cal c lubs and a vestryman of Christ’s Pro tes tant Episcopal Church in Cambr idge.
In June, 190 2 , he was nom inated by Presi den t Rooseve l tfor the office of Co l lector of In terna l Revenue at Ba l t imore,
for the Distri ct of Maryland and De laware . On.Ju ly 1
, he
re l ieved Col lector B . F . Par let t, and en tered upon the d is
charge of his du t ies as Revenue Co l lector.
In 1893 Mr . Go ldsborough marr ied M iss Ell-en . Showel l,daughter of the late Will iam M . Showe l l, of Ber l in ,Worces
ter County, Md . They have two surviving ch i ldren,Phi l
l ips Lee Go ldsbo rough, J r ., and Br i ce W . Go ldsborough, J r.
TH E'
H ENRYs 299
THE HENRY FAM ILY .
Golosborougbs tbentg E rma.
From the memo irs of Hon . John H enry, of Dorchester
Coun ty, we have been permi t ted by one of his great-grand
sons to copy extracts :O f the paternal an cestors of Hon . John Henry, the first
who emigrated to th is coun try was. the Rev . John Henry, a
Presbyter ian m in ister, who ,i t is sai d,
“stood h igh, not on ly
as a divine, but also as a ci t i zen .
”He came from Ireland
abou t the year 170 0 and set t led at or near Rehoboth, on the
Pocomoke R i ver in Somerset County, Md . , where he con
tinued to reside unt i l his death in 17 17 . I know noth ing of
his fam i ly h istory pr ior to his arrival in this coun try . Some
years after his se t t lemen t at Rehoboth, he marr ied MaryJenkins, W i l -W of Fran c is Jenkins . Col . Jenkins having no
ch i ldren gave her by his wi l l what was in thos e days con sid
ered an immense estate . Her mai den name was King. She
was the daughter of S ir Robert King, an I r ish Baronet , andis general ly known by tradi t ion and in publ i c records of Somerset Coun ty as Madam Hampton,
having marr ied, after thedeath of Mr . Henry, her secon d husband, Rev . John Hampton , also a Presbyter ian min ister. She was an accompl ishedwoman of many virtues and was somet imes cal led “
a greatwoman .
” 1She had no chi ldren , except by her marr iage
See letter on E arly H istory of the Presbyter i an Church in Amer ica,
by Irv ing Spencer , p . 97 , ch . 5 5 .
300 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
with Mr . H enry, by whom she le ft two sons, Fran cis Jenkins
Henry and John Henry . Bo th of these sons afterwards
became prom inen t and importan t c i t i zens and too k an act ive
part in pub-l i c affairs. She survived Mr . Hampton a lso for
a number of years and died in 1744 . I do not know whom
Fran c is Jenkins, the e lder of her sons, marr ied, but he le ftch i ldren, and many of his descendan ts are l iving in Maryland and e lsewhere, influen t ial and respected . John
,the
you nger, known as Co l . John Henry, marr ied Doro thy
R i der, youngest daughter of Col . John R i der, who was a
gen t leman of wea l th and respe ctabi l i ty . As Col . John R i derwas the materna l grandfather of Governor Henry
,i t may be
we l l to give some accoun t of his fam i ly .
He was the on ly son of John R i der, of England, and Anne,on ly ch i ld of Co l . Hu t ch ins. Co l . Hu t ch ins was one of the
ear ly se t t lers in Dorchester Coun ty, and displayed greatjudgmen t -in se lect ing and secur ing large tracts of valuable
land . He became weal thy and bu i l t the large br i ck houseat
“Weston,
” wh i ch after wards became the home of the JohnHenry bran ch of the H enry fam i ly . H is daughter was sen t
to England to be edu cated and after the complet ion of her
edu cat ion , he was anxiou sly awai t ing her re turn . In thosedays there was consi derable direct trade between the town of
Vienna,on the Nan t i coke R iver, six m i les above “Weston .
and England, and when the vesse l in wh i ch his daughter wasexpe cted an cho red in fron t of his hou se, he fe l t sure thatshe was on board ; but instead of th is he received her m in iature and a let ter in form ing him that she was engaged to
marry Mr . John R i der . In h is d isappo in tmen t, he became
very angry and threw the m in iature in the fire , but i t wasrescued by some on e before i t was ser iously in jured, and , Ith ink, i t is st i l l in the po ssession o f one of her descendants.
She marr ied Mr . R i der in England abou t 1685 , and the ir son ,
sin ce known as Co l . John R i der, was born there O ctober 30 ,
1686. They afterwards sai led for Amer i ca, but bo th she an d
her husband d ied on the voyage, leaving their son. surv iving
30 2 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
the co loni es and the mother coun try grew warmer day by
d ay and exci ted in tense feel ing and : anxie ty . They were a
frequen t subj ect o f conversat ion, and led to an imated d iscussion s in the Robin Hoo d C lub , of wh i ch he was a member.
He took part in these d iscussions and zealously de fendedthe r i gh ts of the co lon ies. He left England in 1775 and
upon arri ving at hom e, thorough ly educated and popu lar, he
was a lmo st immediate ly elected by the people a memberof the Legislature of Mary land . In 1777 he was sen t to theCon t inen tal Con gress and remained by success ive reelec
t ion s, almost con t inuously a member of that bod y un t i l theadopt ion of the Con st i tu t ion o f the Un i ted States .
Upon the adopt ion o f the Con st i tu t ion , Mr . Henry was
elected U . S . Senator for the term commen cing March 4,
1789, and upon its expi rat ion,was reelected for the term
colmmen cl'ingi: March 4, 1795 , but\ afterwards resigned to
accept the office of Governor of Maryland, wh i ch he he l d for
the year 1798 . He resigned the offi ce of Gov
ernor on accoun t of i l l-hea l th and returned to “Weston , his
estate. on the Nan t i coke, where he d ied in November, 1798,He marr ied
,March 6, 1787, Margaret, daughter of John and
Elizabeth Campbe l l, of Caro l ine Coun ty, Md . I know no thing of Mr . Campbe l l , ex cept by trad i t ion ,
that he was an
in tel l i gen t and respected ci t i zen . The ma iden name of his
wife was Go ldsborough .
Gov . John Henry was. a gent leman and ci t i zen of the firstrank in pr ivate and publ i c l i fe. His fine physi cal appearan ceand po l ished manners made him the cen tre of soc ia l at trae
t i-on wherever he mingled with the people ; his preeminen t
legal at tainmen ts. and thorough knowledge of publ i c affa irs
at home and abroad placed him first in publ i c est imat ion , and
the people chose him to represen t them in every publ i c affair
where strong influen ce and leadersh ip were most needed to
gu i de Maryland through the dark hours of the Revo lu t ionary
con fl i ct, and to secure her sovere ign r ights under the Con
stitution as a State in the Federa l compact . We l l may his
THE HENRYS 30 3
l iving descendan ts and kindred of to d ay be proud of an
ancestor who served his State and coun try in the Continen
tal Congress for six years ; e ight years in the Un i ted States
Senate and Governor of Maryland as lon g as his heal th
wou ld pe rm i t . In the U . S . Senate he was the co l league
of Char les Carrol l, o f Carro l l ton , and the peer of any Senator .
H is servi ces were in un iversal demand . On December 19,
1783 , he headed the Senate Comm i t tee to prepare the House
for the recept ion of Genera l Wash ington,and to prepa re an
address to pres en t to him on his arr iva l at Annapol is to
resign. his command of the Cont inen ta l Army .
Dur ing the: Revolu t ionary War, when the B r i t ish kept a
fleet of armed vesse ls and barges in Chesapeake Bay for plun
der ing the homes and destroying the property of the co lo
n ists who l ived near the: Bay or navigable r ivers, in O ctober,1780 , they sen t an exped i t ion up the Nan t i coke that captured
the town of Vienna, looted the stores and burned a new br ig
there. On their way down the r iver they stopped at the
home of Co l . John Henry, member of Congress, and burned
his hou se and furn i ture . On ly the Co lon e l and his servan ts
were at home. As the enemy approa ched he ret ired to a
ne ighbor’s house where he had removed his plate and valu
able papers. Fortunate ly he was not then capture-d by that
devastat ing force of plunderers who had threaten-ed to take
his l i fe . They too k away one negro man from Mr . Henry’s
place and another from Mr. Stee le, who was a near neighbor .
Governor Henry left two sons, John Campbe l l Henry, born
December 6, 1787, and Fran c is Jenkins H enry, born in 1789.
H is wife died abou t a mon th after the birth of her you nger
son, and he remained a. widower un t i l his death . H is sons,
after attending various schoo ls in the State, were sen t some
years after his death,by the ir guardian, to Prin ceton Co l
lege, where they completed the ir edu cat ion . Fran cis J en
kins, the youngest, died unmarr ied soon after his arri va l at
age.
>l<
304 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
The o ther son,John Campbel l Henry, on Apr i l 2 1, 1808,
marr ied Mary Nevett Stee le, e ldest daughter of James and
Mary Stee le . I . Nevett Stee le,of Bal t imore , who was a
d ist ingu ished lawyer and Dr . Char les Hu t ch ins Stee le, of
West R iver, Md ,were. her bro thers. Mary Steele, her
mo ther and wife of James Stee le, was the on ly daughter of
John R i der Nevett, by h is marr iage with Sarah Maynadier,a daughter of Rev . Dan ie l Maynadier, a m in ister of the
Church of England and rector of Grea t Choptank Parish inDorchester Cou nty for many years and un t i l his death . He
was a son of Rev . Dan ie l Maynadier, a French Hugueno t,who fled from Languedo c after the revocat ion of the edi ctof Nan tes
,first to England and then ce to th is country . He
se tt led in Ta lbo t Coun ty and became rector of Wh i te Marsh
Par ish . John R i der Nevett was un fortunate ly drownedApr i l 13 , 1772 , at the age of twe n ty—five years, by the cap
s i z ing of a schooner in Choptank R iver, wh i le on his way to
Annapo l is. His widow marr ied Dr. James Mur
ray and removed to Annapo l is. They left two son s, Dan ie land James
,and three daughters, all o f whom were d ist in
gu ished by in tel l igen ce, cu l t ivat ion and h igh so cia l pos i t ion .
One of the daughters marr ied Governor and U . S . SenatorEdward Lloyd, of Talbot Coun ty ; ano ther became the wifeo f Hon . R i chard Rush
, of Ph i ladelph ia, whose dist ingu ished
career is so we l l know n, and the o ther became the wife of
Gen . John Mason, of Virgin ia, and the grandmo ther of Gen .
Fi tzhugh Lee, late Governor of Virgin ia .
John Campbe l l H enry d ied in his seven t ieth year, Apr il.1,185 7, at
“Hambrook, hi s beau t i fu l resi dence on Choptank
R iver, a short d istance be low Cambr i dge. He never sought
publ i c offi ce, and having been appo inted one o f the Gov
ernor’
s coun ci l, soon resigned . O ther publ i c places of prom
inence he preferred not to accept , but devo ted h imsel f to the
dut ies of pr ivate l i fe, and on ly served the publ i c in local posi
t ion s. He was an in te l l igen t gent leman o f sound judgmen t
and stri c t in tegri ty, though reserved in h is manners, yet he
THE HENR Y S 30 5
was fond o f br ight and refined so ciety and h is home was
always the seat o f generous but unassum ing hospi tal i ty . H is
widow survived him many years and d ied November 2 0 ,
1873 , at the age of 84 years .
Mr . Henry left fou r son s and four daughters who survived
h im, name ly : Dr . James Winfie ld , Fran cis. Jenkins,Dan ie l
Maynadier and R i der,and Kitty, Isabe l la, Eli zabeth,
Mary
and Char lotte A . P .
James Winfiel d, the e ldest son , studied medic ine in Ph i l
ade lph ia and su ccessfu l ly pract iced his profession for many
years at Cambr i dge . He never sought publ i c office . In
March,184 1 , he marr ied Anna Mar ia, youngest daughter of
Levin H . Camp-be l l, E sq . Dr . H enry died in 1889. O f his
ch i ldren,James Winfield is a prominen t and prospe rou s bus
iness. man in Ba l t imore C i ty . Dan ie l M . was a leading law
yer at the Cambr i dge Bar, and was e lec ted State’
s Attorney
in 1879. He marr ied,in 188 1
,Miss Martha H . Adkin s,
daughter of Dr. Adkin s, of Easton,Md . Mr . H enry died
of typho i d fever in 1889, in the pr ime of his manhood , when
hope was h ighest and l i fe was dearest . He was admired and
esteemed by a. host of devoted fr iends.
Miss Nann ie C . Henry, a daughter of Dr. Henry,marr ied
Dr . B . W . Go ldsborough, a prom inent physi c ian in act ive
pract i ce at Cambri dge, Md . , O ctober 29,1884 .
, Fran c is Jenkins Henry has had large exper ien ce in publ i c
o ffice ; at on e t ime was Po stmaster of Cambr i dge . He was
e le cted C lerk of the C ircu i t Cou rt fo r Dorchester County in
185 1 and he ld the office by success ive reelect ion s un t i l 1879,cover ing a per iod of twen ty-e ight years. H is affable man
ner and cheerfu l accommodat ion shown to. all who. had offi
c ial business with him at the Court House , and his so cia l
in tercou rse unoffic ial ly with the town and coun ty people,made h im the mos t popu lar Cou rt C lerk ever e lected in Dor
chester Coun ty .
306 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
DEATH OF THE OLDE ST C ITI ZEN .
Co l . Fran cis J . Henry, the o ldest res i dent of Cambri dge,and one of the best known ci t i zens of Dorchester, d ied at hishome on Lo cust S treet, Tuesday even ing at 7 o
’clo ck, aged85 years . Up to three years ago,
Co lone l H enry enjoyedgood heal th, un t i l he: was str i cken with paralys is wh i le on a
tr ip to Bal t imore, s in ce wh i ch t ime he had been gradual lyfa i l ing un t i l the end came . He was born at Hansel ], inV ienna Distr i ct
,Dorchester Coun ty, on Augu st 12 , 18 16,
and was the son of John Campbe l l and Mary Nevett Henryand grandson o f John Henry, Governor of Maryland , Un i tedStates Senator and member of the Cont inen tal Congress . He
marr ied Wi lhe lm ina Go ldsbo rough, of Dorchester Coun ty,who died abou t fi fteen years ago . He is survived byfour sons and four daughters, namely : John C . Henry, o fNew Or leans ; R . G . Henry, ex-Postmaster and now Mayoro f Cambr i dge ; N i cho las G . H enry, of the Hydro-graph i cO ffice,Wash ington ,
D . C . ; Hampton Henry, of Cambri dge ;Mrs . John Spen ce, of New Market ; Mr s. Elizabeth Go lds
borough, of San Fran cisco ; Mrs . Ann ie O . B . Stee le and Wilhelmina Muse, of Cambr idge . The funera l was at the res i
den ce Thursday afternoon ,conducted by Revs . T . C . Page
and J as. L . B ryan, of the P . E . Church .
Co lone l Henry was C lerk o f the C ircu i t Court of Dorches
ter for twen ty-e ight years,being first e lected to that pos i t ion
in 185 1, and was considered on e of the mo s-t popu lar officia lswho ever he ld that office. He was defeated in 1879 by the
presen t in cumben t,Mr. Char les Lake, after a spir i ted con test .—Dorchester E ra.
In 1836 he marr ied the: youngest daughter of Robert
Go ldsborou gh, E sq ., of Cambr i dge. She died in 188 1 . Eight
ch i ldren survived her . The o ldest son , John Campbel l, at the
ou tbreak of the C ivi lWar in 186 1, ra ised a company of volun
teers for the Federa l Army, known as Company A, of whi ch
he was Cap-tain,
in the F irst Eastern Shore Regiment of
In fan try . As a c i t i zen o f Maryland, influen ced by Sou thern
308 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
o thers. Honor and hon esty were j ewe ls that crowned hisusefu l work in publ i c and pr ivate l i fe .
O f his sons, W . Laird H enry is an attorne-y-at-law at the
Cambr idge Bar and an ex-Congressman, having been a
member of the F i fty—th ird Con gress . He marr ied the widowof Hon . D . M . Henry, J r .
,in 1894 .
Maynad ier H enry, a brother of W . Laird, en tered the
rea lm of manhoo d wi th br ight prospects o f a usefu l career,but wh i le in the employmen t of the Nat ion a l Bank of Cam
br i dge, he became the vi ct im of a fatal d isease and d ied in1892 .
R i der H enry resi des in Wash ington,D . C . , and ho lds an
offic ial pos i t ion con nected wi th the Hou se of Represen tat ives .
Kitty Henry marr ied Dan ie l Lloyd,younges t son o f
Governor and U . S . Senator Edward Lloyd , of Ta lbotCounty . She d ied in Apr i l , 1886, leaving three ch i ldren ,
two daughter s and a son , Henry Lloyd, who was e lectedState Senator in 188 1, and e lected Presi den t of the Senate ,
became Gov ernor in 1885 by the resignat ion of Gov . RobertMcLain . In 1892 he was appoin ted Asso ciate Judge o f the
F irst Judi cia l C ircu i t a fter the death of Judge Char les F .
Go ldsborou gh, and was elected Asso c iate Judge in Novem
ber, 1893 , for the term o f s ixteen years, and is st i l l on the
B ench .
I sabe l la Elizabe th H en ry, in June ,1850 ,
marr ied Dr .
Tho-mas B . Steele, a surgeon in the Un i ted States Navy,from wh i ch he resigned and for the last forty years has been a
leading pract i t ion er of medi c ine at Cambr idge, Md . They
have two surviving ch i l dren , a daughter and son , Dr . Guy
Stee le, a young physi c ian and surgeon of prom inen ce now
located in Cambr i dge .
Mary Henry, in Apr i l , 1848, marr ied R . T i lghman Go ldsborough, a son o f Gov . Char les Go ldsborough . No ch i ldren
by th is marriage .
Char lo t te A . P . Henry marr ied in 185 2 ,Hon . Char les F .
Go ldsborough,a son of Gov . Char les Go l dsborough . He
he l d importan t o ffices ; State’
s Attorney for Dorchester
TH E H I CK S 309
Coun ty ; State Sen ator, and was e lected Asso c iate Judge of
the Court,F irst Judic ia l C ircu i t
,in 1879 . He died in 1892 ,
before the expirat ion of his term on the B en ch . NO surviv
ing ch i ldren by th is marriage . H is widow is st i l l l iving .
In c los ing th is sketch of the Henry fam i ly i t is worth i lydue their l iving descendan ts to no te the h igh esteem in wh i chGov . John H en ry was he ld by quo t ing a paragraph o f a let terwr i t ten to h im by the i l lustr ious statesman
,Thomas J effer
son, of Virgin ia. The subj ect I withho ld . Ihave gon e, my dear sir
,in to th is lengthy deta i l to sat isfy a
m ind in the candor and rect i tude of wh i ch I have the h ighestcon fiden ce . So far as you may in c l ine to use the commun icat ion for rect i fying the judgmen ts of those who are wi l lingto see th ings tru ly as they are
, you are free to use i t , but I
pray no confidence you may repose in anyone may induce youto let i t go: out o f you r hands so as to get into a newspaper,aga inst a con test in that fie ld I am en t irely dec ided . I fee lextraordinary grat ificat ion in addressing th is let ter to you ,
with whom shades of d ifferen ce in po l i t i ca l sen t imen t havenot prevented the in terchange of goo d opin ion ,
nor cut off
the fr iendly in tercou rse of soc iety and goo d co rresponden ce .
This po l i t i cal to leran ce is the more va lued by me who con
si der so c ial harmony as the first of human fe l i c i t ies, and the
happiest mom en ts those wh i ch are given to the effus ion o f
the hear t . Accept them sin cere ly, I pray you , from on e who ,
with sen t imen ts of h igh respect and at tachmen t , has the
honor to be,dear sir, your most obedien t and humble ser
van t . TH . JE FFE R SON .
”
THE H ICKS FAM ILY .
Thomas Hicks was the first of that name to set t le in Dor
chester Cou n ty . He was a nat ive of Wh i te Haven , GreatB r i tain ; was born in 1659 and died in 172 2 . He left ch i ldren
1 . Levin , born in 1692 ; died in 1732 .
2 . Thomas .
3 . Ann ie,who marr ied John R i der in 1706.
3 10 H I STORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
SE COND GENERATION .
Levin Hicks who d ied in 1732 , left the fo l lowing ch i ldren :
1 . Levin,bo rn in 17 13 , died in 1793 ; marr ied Mary E n
nal ls, widow of Bartho lom ew E nnalls, daughter of C0 1.
H enry Hoo per, January 2 5 , 1744, O . S .
2 . Hen ry .
3 . John .
4 . Denwoo d .
5 . Mary .
6 . Mary .
TH IRD GENE RATION .
The ch i ldren of Levin Hicks and Mary (E nnalls) (Hooper) ,his wife, were ;
1 . Mary,bo rn March 5 , 1745 ; died 1779 ; marr ied Zach
ar iah Campbe l l in 1765 .
2 . Levin , bo rn August 17, 1748 ; died unmarr ied .
The ch i ldren of Mary H icks and Zachar iah Campbel l were :1 . Mary .
2 . I sabe l la
3 . Eli zabeth .
4 . Levin Hicks, born in 1774 ; marr ied, 1 ,Mary Troup,daughter of Dr . John Troup, of Coun ty Kin cardinesh ire,Sco t land , in 1797 ; she died in 18 1 1 ; 2 , marr ied Anna Mar ia
Davis, daughter of Dr . Wil l iam Worth ington Davis and his
wife , Margaret Muse .
Zachar iah Camp-be l l, above—named , came from Glasgow,
Sco t land , pr ior to the Revo lu t ion ; first set t led in Virgin ia,
and later came to Vi enna in Dorchester County, Md . His
wi fe, Mary H icks,was a n iece of Gen . H enry Hooper .
Mary Hooper Hicks survived her daughter, Mary (Hicks)Campbe l l, and son—in—law ,
Zachar iah Campbe l l . Their ch i ldren were left to the guardiansh ip of Dr . Wil l iam E nnalls
Hooper, e ld est son of Gen . Henry Hooper, a mos t in t imatefr iend and cous in to Mary H icks Campbe l l, the ir mother.
3 12 H ISTOR Y OF DORCH E STER COUNTY
twenty-one Wh i gs and n ineteen D emoc rats in the Col lege,the e lection,
requ ir ing a two—th irds vo te, created a deadlockand almost threw the State in to anarchy . Three D emoc ratsfinal ly voted with the maj or i ty
, a comprom ise was effectedand the Senate was e lected .
Wh i le in Ann apol is. as a member of the Col leg e Mr . Hickswas elec ted to the Legis lature, whi ch dur ing the next session
passed measures making the Senate and Coun ci l e lect ive bythe people. In 1837 he was a member of the Governor’sCou n ci l, and the fol lowing year was appo in ted Register of
Wills for Dor chester Cou n ty by Governor Veazey, afterwardbe ing reappo in ted by su ccessive Governors un t i l the Const itution Of 185 1 made the office e lect ive . He was a member of
that con ven t ion though fi l l ing the Office of Represen tat ive at
the t ime .
On the dea th ofMr . Mit che l l, in 185 5 ,Mr . Hicks was madehis su ccessor as Register ofWil ls and fi l led that posi t ion a l together seven teen years
,ho ld ing i t un t i l he became Gov
ernor. Nom inated by the Amer i can party for the posi t ion of
ch ief execu t ive, he rece ived the elect ion and began his termof servi ce January 1, 185 7 . I t w i l l be remembered that h isadm in istrat ion covered a peri od of vita l importan ce in the
h istory of our coun try, and the effici en t manner m wh i ch hed ischarged every du ty soo n brou ght him in to nation al promimen c e . At that t ime Bal t imore was in the hands of a lawlesse lemen t . known as
“P lug-Uglies,”who. con tro l led every el ec
t ion . Severa l respectable c i t i zens in their effor ts to take
po l i t ica l ma t ters ou t o f the ir hands, su cceeded in br ingingthe r ingleaders to tria l and con vict ing them o fmurder . Everycon ceivable influence was brought to bear on Governor Hicksto ind u ce h im to pardon the me n,
but he refused , and the
o ffenders were execut ed .
The un changeable decis ion of character not i ceable at th is
t ime was st i l l further in eviden ce at the ou tbreak of the C ivi l
War,when the who le State was thrown in to con fusion ; fam
fl ies were d ivided in Op in ions and l i fe i tse l f was in con stan t
per i l . Whi le othe rs were terr ified, he sto od firm and un
TH E H I CKS 3 13
waver ing, main tain ing his in teg r i ty to the end . H is firmness
o f purpose earned for him the sobr i que t of “O ld Caesar .
”
How ever determ ined and steadfast in purpose, he was
witha l k ind and tender -hearted . For h is fr iends he cou ld notdo enough . But his kindness. did not cease there. O ften , at
the entreatie-s of the ir fr iends, he visi ted Presiden t Lin colnto ask fo r the re lease of si ck and wounded Con federate
pr ison ers of war . The Presi den t had such impl i c i t confi
dence in him,his requests were a lways granted
,fee-l ing
assured, that he wou ld on ly in tercede for wor thy person s.
He threw the we ight of his influen ce on the s ide of the
Un ion and end eavored to. secure en l istmen ts from his own
State for the Federal Army . On the twen ty-secon d o f Ju ly,1862 ,
he was appo in ted by Presi den t Lin co ln B r igadier—General of Volun teers
,and decl ined the appo in tmen t Ju ly 2 6,
1862 .
On the close of his term as Governor in 1863 he was ap
po in ted Un i ted States Senator by Govern-or B radfor d , tofi l l the unexpired term of Hon , James. Alfred P ierce . H is
appo in tmen t was rat ified by the Legislature at the sessiono f 1864,
and he act ive ly en tered upon the responsib le du t iesc f Senator . The con t inuan ce of the war made his cou nse lmost nec essary, and he was thorou gh ly iden t ified with the
Un ion party as on e of its leaders . Although the own er of
slaves, he vo ted for the rat ifica t ion of the Con st i tu t ion in
1864 and favor ed the a bol i t ion of slavery . In the autumn
of 1863 he ser iou s ly sprained h is. ankle and erys ipe las set t ingin
,i t was necessary to ampu tate his l imb . He d ied P ebru
ary I 3 , 1865 , from the effects of a stroke of apop lexy, when
at the he ight of his fame and usefu lness.
Two days later his deathwas announ ced to the Senate, by
his late co l league, Reverdly Johnson , of Maryland . In his
remarks he pai d th is de served tr i bu te : Ever cou rteous,kind and at ten t ive, he possessed the esteem and oonfid en ce of
us all . Endowed with a sound judgmen t and an ima ted by a
ferven t patr iot ism, he suppor ted every measure that prom
ised, in his opin ion ,to benefit the cou n try in its exist ing
3 14 H I STORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
emergency . In pr ivate, too,he was h igh ly apprec iated and
by thos e who knew h im in t imately loved as a brother. Bythe soc iety of his coun ty, espe c ia l ly, wil l his loss be long and
keen ly fe l t and to his immediate fam i ly i t wi l l be irreparable.
Mr. Willey , of West Virgin ia, sai d among other th ings
I t has been my pr ivi lege to o ccupy a seat by the s ide o f
Governor Hicks ever sinc e he en tered th is hal l . Il had,there
fore an opportun i ty not on ly to witness his course in re lat ion
to pub l i c affairs, but a lso to obse rve mor e. closely the spiri tand pr inc iple, the heart and mot ive (so to speak) wh i chseemed to prompt and con trol his conduct . And I declareto you , sir, tha t I never knew a man whose simpl ic i ty, singlness o f purpose, who se eviden t s in cer i ty, pur i ty and unselfish
ness o f a im to prom ote the hon or and wel fare of his cou n trycomman ded mor e of my confiden ce and respect . I knownot i f he ever aspired to w in the personal d ist inc t ion and
renown wh i ch. men; of great in tel lectual parts som et imes
seem to seek with an. ardor hardly secondary to the promo
t ion of the nat ional we l fare ; but to me he ever appeared toforget h imse l f in the h igher and ho l ier purpose of secur ingthe publ i c good .
”
In the Hou se of Represen tat ives the d eath: of Governc rHieks was announ ce d February 15 by Mr . Webster
, o-f Marv
land , who sa id , in part :“Governor Hicks was en t irely a sel f
made man . He to i led up the moun tain side unaided and
reached hei ght after height throu gh hi s own man ly exer
t ions ; bu t never d id he break the bond wh i ch bound him to
the peop le on the plain . He was essen t ial ly a man of the
people, of them and from them ; his inst in cts, his sympath ies,affect ion s, were all w i th them, and his exer t ion s and labor s intheir behal f. The poorest and most friendless boy rece ivedfrom him. as kindly a we l com e as the men who he ld the most'
influent ial and importan t stat ions . The last note I ever re
ceived from . him, on l y a few days before his death ,was wri t
ten to ask my aid for a poo r man , a sai lor d isabled in the ser
vi ce o f his country, and in i t he regretted that his heal th
wou ld not permi t him person al l y to. render him as much as
sistance as he desired .
3 16 H I STORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
The C i ty Coun c i l of Ba l t imor e passe-d appropr iate reso lu
t ions wh i ch were pr in ted , together with the address o i Sam
uel T. Ha l l, who al luded eloquen t ly to the pa tr io t i c spir i t of
the Governor , his affect ion for State and na t ion . Su i tablereso lut ion s were also passed by the Gen er al Assembly of
Maryland, before wh i ch body Mr . Carro l l bore witness to thewor th of the Governor ’
s cha racte r . Amon g o ther th ings he
sa i d“The ou tbreak of the presen t rebel l ion found h im in the
gubernator ia l chair of the State . Then i t was that the char s
acter of the man was fu l ly deve loped . Then i t was that h is
incorrupt ible in tegr i ty, h is devoted patr io t ism and his lo ftycourage were subj ected to the most severe tests . But no
pe rsuasion ,how ever winn ing, no en treat ies however earn est ,
no threats however vio len t, cou l d d ivert h im. from the pa th
o f his du ty to h is coun try . There he stoo d, fa i thfu l amon gthe fai th less. And wh i le on e after another of the Border
States were dr iven in to the wh ir lpoo l of secess ion and rui n,
Maryland a lon e stoo d firm and unshaken am i d the storms
that assa i led. her, with. the nat ion ’
s flag st i l l float ing over
her, and vow ed her determ ina t ion to stand under and by i t .The immense resu l ts wh i ch hung upon his deci sion and bear
ing in th is fearfu l cr isis, resu l ts affect ing not Marylandmer e ly but the dest iny of the who le nat ion
,i t is impossible,
even now , sir, proper ly to est imate. When the passion s and
prejud i ces. and j ea lou sies of the hour sha l l have passed away,when the act ion s of men can be viewed in the calm,
steady,tru thfu l l i ght of h istory, among the names po steri ty wi l lde l ight to honor and cher ish
,few wi l l be rememb ered wi th
more grat i tude than that of Governor Hicks .
”
The passing away of Governor Hicks was peacefu l . He
suffered an at tack o f para lysis Fr i day, February 10 ,and three
days later the end came. On Saturday afternoon Presi den t
Lin co ln having heard of his. ser ious i l lness,visi ted him and
Spent some t ime at his bedsi de . Many members of the S en
ate and Congress a lso visi ted him He was a member of
the M ethodist Church, and dur ing his last hours was at tended
THE H I C K S 3 17
by Rev . B . H . Nadal , D .D . , of Wes ley Chape l . The lat ter
gen t leman , after talk ing to the dying man for some t ime,
asked him i f he was aware that his earth ly oareer was about
to close, and i f so ,to ra ise his. hand . The hand at on ce wen t
up. Agai n the m in ister asked : I f you rest upon Chr ist
as our Saviour ra ise your hand . The hand was l i fted on ce
mor e and waved back and forth, as i f in ho ly tr iumph . In
ha l f an hour from that t ime he became uncon sc iou s, and in a
few hou rs his spir i t passed to the God who gave i t .
The funeral serv i ces were. of a d ign ified character,appro
priate to the oc casion Th e process ion inc luded the Governor of Maryland, the Mayor of Bal t imor e and the C i ty Counc il . Senator s and Congressmen ,
the Presiden t of the Un i tedStates, heads of departmen ts, the diplomat ic!. corps, Judgesof the Un i ted States, officers of the Exec u t ive Departmen ts,o fficers o f the Army and Navy, Mayor of Wash ington
,and
others equal ly prom inen t in publ i c l i fe. The co ffin was bo rnein to the Senate Chamber. where a. large aud ien ce assembled ,l istened in profou nd si lence to the eloquen t address of Dr .
Nadal, who chose for his theme,“And the king sai d un to
his se rvan t, know ye not that there is a pr ince and a greatman fa l len th is day in Israe l !
”The remains were in terred
for a t ime in the Con gress iona l Cem etery, and therea fter
removed to Dorchester Coun ty .
The first wi fe o f Governor Hicks was Anne Thompson,
by whom se vera l ch i ldren were born , o f whom two daugh
ters l ived to womanhood . Sal l ie A . Hicks marr ied Rev.
Henry Co lc laz er ; she d ied at the age of 29 years, leavingthree ch i ldren , viz : Mrs . Ann ie H . Truss o f Ph i ladelph ia ;Henry Co lclaz er of K ansas and Etta M . Colc laz er of Phi lade lph ia. The second daughter o f Governor Hicks
,Henr i
et ta Maria, d ied at the age of 2 5 years . The secon d wi fe,Leah A . Rale igh, left two ch i ldren ,
viz : Thomas P . Hickswho died at the age of 2 1 years, and Nann ie Hicks, who mar
r ied Dr. George L . Hicks,to whom four sons were born ,
viz :Thomas Ho l l i day H icks, who is a paymaster in the U . S .
Navy ; Major George Lu ther Hicks, who is a surgeon in
3 18 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
the U . S . Army Volun teers in the Ph i l ippine I slands (wasappo in ted F irst Lieu tenan t in the Regu lar Army , by Pres iden t Roos eve l t
,in Apr i l, 190 2 ) Dr . Fessend en
'Fai rfax Hicks,a den t ist in Cambr i dge,Md ., and Chaplai n Gal loway H icks, aboy at hom e .
By Jane Wilcox he had a numb-er of ch i ldren , on e of whom
l ived to manhoo d,viz : B . Chapla in Hicks, a bookkeep-er in
the Savings Bank of Bal t imore,Md . He d ied at the age o f
39 years . The visi tor to Cambr i dge a lways notices wi th in
terest the statue in the ceme tery wh ich is a fi tt ing memor ialof Governor Hicks . However, the best memo ri al to . his
memory is in the hearts o f his assoc iates, some of whom st i l lsurvive, and in the affec t ion o f the generat ion now prom inen ton the scen e of act ion .
THE HOOPER FAM ILY .
From Henry Hooper and Sarah his wife,and son ,
H enry,J r who came in to the P roivin ce '
of Maryland from Englandin 165 1, and first sett led in Ca lvert Coun ty , a l ineage of
numerous fami ly bran ches have descended of prom inen t andusefu l people that represen t to—day, by name and blood re lat ion , one o f the larges t fam i l ies in the State .
Abou t 1667 H enry Hooper and h is fam i ly ma de Dor ches
ter Coun ty the ir permanen t hom e . On December 2 0,of
that year, 10 0 acres of land was surveyed for H enry Hooperon Hooper
’
s Island, near Hungar R iver . Subsequen t ly, heand his son, H enry acqu ired by cert ificates and grants,many tracts of land in differen t parts o f the coun ty amoun ting to thousands of acres . (See
' Land Record .) HenryHoop
-er ( I ) d ied in 1676, proven by his wi l l .
In 1684 Henry Hooper (2 ) l ived on Hooper’
s I sland,
proven by a witness befor e a coun ci l hel d at St . Mary’s on
February 27 ,making inqu iry abou t the escape of Co l . GeorgeTa lbot
,a pr isoner in Virgin ia, who was by strategy taken
from Glou cester Coun ty Jai l February 10,1684, by Madam
Talbo t, his wife, and he r I r ish servan ts . Roger Skreene,
TH E HOOPERS 3 19
who was one of the crew on Madam Talbot’s boat on wh i chshe wen t to Virgin ia, was on e o f the accused at court . He
there test ified that on their way up the Bay they stoppedat Mr. Henry Hooper
’
s, on Hoo-per
’
s Island . Madam Tal
bot, with three o f her crew and the wi tness wen t ashore to :
Mr. H enry Hooper’
s, where they got two pones of bread .
The Dorchester Coun ty Ren t Ro l ls show that Henry
1boopct fi rms.
Hooper, J r . (2 ) had surveyed Hooper’
s Chance 2 50 acres,January 18, 1669, and
“Hooper’
s Lot,”
3 50 acres,September
15 , 1669, on Chickanoc omico Creek, for h imsel f, and a lso“In crease of the Homes,
”10 0 acres, August 12 , 1669, for
Henry Hoop-er, J r .
, on Hooper’
s Island, in pos session of
Henry Hooper, evident ly his father .
In the fo l lowing data of the Hooper fami ly, obtained in
part from James S . Shepherd, Ch ief Depu ty o f Dor chester
320 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
Coun ty Cou rt , and from records e lsewhere, the facts c lear l yShow that from Henry Hooper who had two wives, first,Elizabe th D enwood ; second, Mary probably the s ister
of Jos eph E nna lls, who ma rried Dr . John Brooke’
s d augh
ter,all the Hoopers (of the wh i te race) in Dorchester County
descended . The land records o f the coun ty and wi l ls made bymembers of the fam i ly are strong eviden ce of the ir relat ion
sh ip. They began to trade trac ts o f land with each other as
ear ly as 17 12 . In that year H enry Hoope r, J r . (3) gave a
part o f two trac ts lying on Ch ickanocom ico R iver, cal led“Hooper
’
s Lot”and
“Hoope r’
s For tune ,
”to his father,Henry
Hooper, Sr . (2 ) for a tract lying on the w estern s i de of Tran s
q uaking R iver, con ta in ing 30 0 acres, ca l led“P orpe igham .
”
In th is land trade ,H en ry Hooper, J r . (3) reserved a. part of
Hooper’
s Lot”and a lso own ed a tract on Ch ickanocomico
R i ver,ca l led “
Ho-oper’
s Chance , surveyed January 18, 1669,
con tain ing 2 5 0 acres,for Henry Hooper . In 1739, March 5 ,
H enry Hooper, J r . (3 ) traded a part of Hooper’
s Chan ce”
and“Hoo-per
’
s Fo rtune” (a part of wh i ch he reserved when
trad ing with h is father in with Ann E nnalls, who
accepted these tracts and gave in exchange a tract ca l led“Nansemum,
”on Secretary Creek , con ta in ing 50 0 acres,
wh i ch he embod ied in Warwick Fort Manor,that year with
numerous o ther tracts . On February 18,
.1739, he gave
P orpeigham (wh i ch he traded for with his father) to Samue l
Hoope r for his in terest in“Hooper
’
s Lot”
an d Ho-oper’
s
For tune,” lands in wh i ch both had in ter ests by inher i tan ce
from thei r an cestor , H enry Hooper who died in 172 0 .
Genea log i ca l D ata from J . S .
H enry Hooper ( I ) came to Mary land in 165 1 and set t led
on the Patuxen t R iver in what is now Ca lvert Coun ty ; 15 th
Ju ly, 165 1, he en ters r ights for h imse l f,Sarah , his wife, Eliz
abeth, R i chard and Robert Hooper, his ch i ldren , and Sarah
Watson ,John Taylor and Robert St i les
,
“th is presen t year
32 2 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
Lordship’
s Just i ces. for th is county . Th is lady was the
daughter of Levin Denwood and s ister o f Mrs . Roger Woo lford . They had issue, with perhaps others 1
1 . R i chard Hooper, married Anne, daughter of Will iam and Eliz abeth (Winslow) Dorr ington . He d ied beforehis father
,leaving a son,
Henry .
2 . Mary Hooper, born 1674 ; marr ied H enry E nnalls,
March 3 1, 1695 ; died 2 7th Ju ly, 1745 ; was buried at“Eldon .
”
3 . Elizabeth Hooper, marr ied Ma t thew Travers.
The second w i fe of Henry Hooper (2 ) was named Mary,but i t is un certa in who she was. In a power of at torney, 7thNovember
,1693 , sh e cal ls Capt . Tho-mas E nnalls her brother
(Dorchester Co . Rec ., Lib . S, o ld fol . 39 but she was cer
tainly not h is own sister (see E nnalls fami ly) . The names
of her ch i ldr en po in t to a connect ion with the Woo l fordfam i ly, but here again the eviden ce is insuffic ien t to warrantany posi t ive statemen t . At any rate, Henry Hooper (2 ) andMary
,his wife, had the. fo l lowing ch i ldren
1 . H enry Hooper member of Coun ci l and Chief J ust i ce of the Provin c ial Cou rt of Maryland . Died 2 0 th Apri l,1767, aged 80 ; left issue .
2 . Thomas Hooper, left“ issue .
3 . John Hooper, d ied 1754 ; left issue.
4 . Roger Hooper,marr ied H i cks
5 . James Hooper, born 170 3 ; d ied 1789 ; o f whom fur
ther.
6. Anne Hooper,marr ied John B rome, of Ca lvert Coun ty.
(Th is daughter may have bee-n by the first wi fe .)
7 . Mary Hooper,marr ied H icks.
8 . Rosanna Hooper, marr ied Hodson .
9. Sarah Hoop-er, marr ied Heyward .
10 . Rebec ca Hooper, marr ied Hod son .
1 1 . Pr isc i l la Hooper,marr ied John Stevens.
Henry Hooper (2 ) d ied in 172 0 , and his widow, Mary, in
1740 .
James Hooper, son of Henry and Mary,was born 3d O cto
ber, 170 3 , and d ied 3d November, 1789. His wife’
s name
TH E HOOPERS 323
was Mary . Besi des his son John , he had a son , SamuelHooper, to whom he conveyed som e land in DorchesterCoun ty, 3oth September , 1785 (Dor chester Co . Rec .
,Lib.
N . H . , No . 5 , fo l . For the l ine of descen t from h im,
see gen ealogy .
“ M
The’
U
IOSS Ol Ie ear ly wi l ls of Dorchester Coun ty makes
i t impossib le to sup-ply th is part of the genea logy from record
sources. Pr ior to 1777, dupl i cate copies of the wil ls are
preserved at Annapo l is.
NOTE S .
Henry Hooper of Dor chester Coun ty,wi l l dated 2 7th
March, proved 3oth August , 172 0 . Leaves to el dest son,
H enry, land in Dorchester and Ca lvert Coun t ies, wh i ch latter“my father, Henry Hooper, forme r ly l ived on ;
”men t ions
sons Thomas and“ John , son—in—law Mat thew Travers, son
James Hooper, son Rog’
er Hooper, grandson Henry Hoo per,
son of R i chard,deceased ; wife Mary, daughters Mary E n
nal ls, Elizabeth Travers, Anne B rome, Mary Hicks, SusannaHodson and Sara.h
"
Hayward , daughters Rebecca and Prisc i l la Hoo per, grand-son Henry Hooper, son of Henry ; W i feMary, executr ix, and fr iends and re lat ives, Co l . Roger Woo lford and Maj. Henry E nnalls to assist her .
Mary Hooper, of Dorchester Coun ty,wil l dated 2 I st June,
proved 2 2 d September, 1740 ,men t ions sons Henry, James
and John Hooper . To.H‘
enry,Thomas and James Hooper,
son s of my son , Thomas Hob -pe r, negro woman Fanny, &c . ,
now in possession Of the ir father- in - law (i . e. , stepfather) ,Thos. Cannon
,son Roger Hooper to pay his S ister, Sarah
Hayward, 10 pounds curren cy, and the same sum to his S ix
sisters, Elizabeth Travers, Anne B rome, Mary Hicks, Ros
anna Hodson , Rebecca Hodson and Pr isci l la Stevens,bequest to granddaughter, Mary Hooper, daughter of
Thomas, son Roger Hooper, execu tor. (Annapo l is, Wil ls,Lib. 2 2 , fo l .
3oth September, 1785 , James Hooper, o f DorchesterCounty, Gen t ., to his son ,
Samue l Hooper, four tracts, vi z
324 H I STORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
(a) Whinfill, 2 0 0 a . , on Taylor’s I s land ; (b) Hooper’
s Defi
an ce, 167 a . ; (e) Woo l fo rd’s Beginn ing,2 0 6% a. , purchased
o-f Levin Woo l ford ; (d) The Wh i te Marsh, 3 5 a all in Dor
chester Coun ty . (Dorchester Co . Rec .,Lib . N . H ., No . 5 ,
fol .
Henry Hooper previou sly ment ion ed,the first son of
Henry Hooper (2 ) ,was born in 1687, and died Apr i l 2 0 ,1767,
at the age o f e ighty years . He was a man o f large influ
ence and became the own er of mu ch land, some o f wh i ch
h is father le ft him by wi l l . In 172 0 he purchased of Major
N i cho las Sewal l a tract o f land,
“My Lady Sewa l l’s Manor,”
ca l led “Warwick,”on ! Secretary Creek (now know as War
wick R i ver) , con ta in ing 1243 acres , for two hundred and
fi fty pounds ster l ing. In 1739 he had Warw i ck” and severa lo ther adjacen t tracts resurveyed and embodied in to on e tractwh i ch he named “Warwick Fort Manor
,
” that con tained 2 342
acres . H is son ,Henry Hooper who became the owner of“Warwick For t Manor, was an influen t ial patriot and was adelegate to severa l con ven t ion s of the Province o f Maryland,he ld in 1775 and 1776, for pu t t ing the co lon y in a state of
litary de fen ce . In 1776 Co lon e l Hooper was appo in tedBri gadier—Gen era l of the Mil i t ia, in the low er d istr ict o f theEastern Shore . (See Revolut ionary Per iod, in th is vo lume .)Abou t 173 5 Col . Henry Hooper (4) married Anne E nnalls,
daughter ofWm . E nnalls and Ann Sm i th, his wife .
The ch i ldren of Co lon e l Hooper, later known as B rig .
Gen . Henry Hooper were :1 . Wil l iam Hooper, M .D .
, who marr ied Sarah R i dgeway, in 177 1, of Talbo t Coun ty, a descendan t Of the B o zman
fam i ly .
2 . Hen ry Hooper, J r . The last Hooper who ownedWarwick, wh i ch he sold, in parce ls, as fo l lows : 300 acresfor $2 70 0 to Joseph E . Sul ivane
,Ju ly 2 1
, 18 12 ; 12 0 acres for
$ 1880 to Wil l iam Gist , November 26, 18 13 ; 130 0 acres for
to John Mitche l l , January 1, 18 16.
3 . John Hooper, offi cia l ly known as Major John Hooper
dur ing and after the Revo lut ion of 1776, of whom further .
TH E HOOPERS 32 5
4 . Mary,marr ied
,in 1804,
D enwoo d H icks .
5 . Sal ly, no record .
6 . Anne Elizabeth, marr ied Wm . Barrow .
D escendan ts o f Dr . Wil l iam Hooper and Sarah R idgeway
Hooper were :
1 . Anne, who marr ied Joseph Su l ivane .
2 . Sa l ly E nnalls, marr i ed John W . Henry, in 18 1 1 . She
was cal led the “Mai d of the Oaks.
”
3 . Henry, no record .
The ch i ldren of Henry Hooper, J r . , and Mary Pr i ce, his
first wi fe,were :
1 . Wil liam, who» wen t to Utah Terr i tory and was elec ted
U . S . Senator from there . He amassed a great fortune in
U tah, but never was a Mormon . He left ch i ldren, on e
daughter marr ied the son of B righam Young .
2 . Ann ie,marr ied Dr. Robertson , o f Somerset Countv .
3 . El izabe th . no re co r d .
By the secon d wife of H enry Hooper, J r . ,Mary E nnalls :
1 . Anne was born , who marr ied John Craig, in 1809,
whose mother was B etsey Ennalls, daughter ofWm. E nnalls,
son of Bartho lom ew and El izabeth Tr ippe ,
his wife .
The ch i ldren o fMa jor John Hooper and Elizabeth E . Sco t t
Hooper, his wife, were
1 . Mary E .,who marr ied Benjam in W . LeCompte, a
lawyer in Cambri dge .
2 . Anne, marr ied Henry Di ckenson, a Just i ce of the
Peace in Cambridge ; had no ch i ldren .
3 . Sarah Ennalls, married Thos . I . H . Eccleston , son of
John F irm in Eccleston and Milcah Airey Eccleston ,his wife .
H
1Mary E nnalls Hooper , w idow Of Henry Hooper , J r . , marr ied a second
time , a w idower named E nnal ls, whose daughter by hi s first w ife was the
first w ife Of John Craig and the mother OfWm . P inkney Craig and JohnAdams Craig , M .D .
326 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
4 . Eliza,no record .
5 . Wil l iam. E nnalls, marr ied El iza Sco t t P i t t, daughter
of Samue l Wi lson P i t t and Mary (Sco t t) P i t t, his wife. Wil
l iam E . Hooper died June 2 5 , 1850 .
6. John,M .D .
,marr ied Anne B irkhead, daughter of
Jame s B irkhead and Elizabeth Sulivane, h is wife, who was
a daughter o f Dan ie l Su livane and Susan O rr i ck, his wife .
7 . Joseph E .,marr ied .Miss Hodson
,had one daughter,
Elizabeth, who marr ied Co l . John Hodson . She died in the
year 190 0 .
The ch i ldren of Wil l iam E nnal ls Hooper and El iza Scott
P i t t, h is wife, were
1 . John P i t t, marr ied Mar ia L . Wh i te.
2 . Joseph Henry,marr ied Lou isa Steele.
3 . Wilhelm ina, marr ied Dr . Thomas Chase, of Annapo
lis, Surgeon U . S . Army .
4 . Wil l iam,died young.
Ch i ldren of Dr . John Hooper and Anne B irkhead, his
wife, were :
1 . Sarah E nnalls, marr ied Wi l l iam Grason , son of ex
Governor Grason, of Queen Anne
’
s Coun ty, whose wife was
Susan O rr i ck Su livane.
2 . Ann ie, marr ied Rev. Theodore P . Barber, D .D . ,
Rector of Chr ist P . E . Church, Cambri dge, Md ., for for ty
three years.
3 . . El izabeth,B et ty , marr ied Dr. Thos. H . Wil l iam s,
former ly Surgeon in the U . S . Army . He res i gn ed in 186 1,
and was appo in ted Assistan t Surgeon-Genera l in the C . S . A .
4 . John H . ,marr ied Margaret R i chmond, née John
stone,o f V irgiil ia . Died ln Ch i cago .
B enjam in Woodward LeCompte marr ied Mary E nnallsHoope r, e ldest daughter o f Major John Hooper and El iza
beth E . S cott Hooper, his wife, January 18, 18 10 . The ir
ch i ldren were :
328 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
Mary Pr isc i l la, the e ldest daughter,marr ied Wm . Wilmo t
Hal l, whose ch i ldren were Lizzie Wilmot , who died single,and Mary Wharton,who marr ied Wm H . B ryan . She d iedsome years ago .
James Benjam in Hooper, the second son ,marr ied
,first,
Mar iet ta Greenwel l, of Leonardtown ,Md . H is secon d wife
was Elenora Nu thal l ; had no ch i ldren . Both deceased .
Em i ly Ann Hooper, the second daughter, marr ied N i cho las M erryman Bo sley
,of Taylor ’
s I sland . Bo th late lydeceas ed . She d ied August 24, 190 2 . Le ft three ch i l dren ,
Mary Rebecca, Em i ly Ann and John Pat terson HooperBosley .
Margaret LeCompte Hooper, the th ird daughter, marriedWi l l iam Winder Edmon dson, Sr . The y have fou r so ns,Jo seph Airey Edmondson,
Wil l iam Winder, J r . ,John Hooper
and Frank Gordon Edmon dson .
H en ry Hooper, the fourth son , marr ied Susie Hinds ; haddescendants James LeCompte Hooper, M .D . , and others.
Samue l Hoope r, the fifth son , and Sarah Elizabeth Hooper
bo th died single .
Will iam Gaston Hooper, the youngest son ,marr ied M iss
Ju l ia P lascette Penn ington,daughter of Col . Ross T. P en
n ington .
The prom inen ce of James Hooper, bro ther of H enryHooper, the first owner of
“Warwick Fort Manor, and
H enry Hooper, Q . S . , and Samue l Hooper, his brother, is
, bet ter expla ined by re feren ce to their wil ls.
James Hooper, fi fth son of H enry Hooper born O ctober 3 , 170 3 ; d ied November 3 , 1789 ; in his
/w i ll
, probatedMarch 10 ,
1789, men t ion s the fo l low ing ch i ldren and grandch i ldren :Thomas Hooper, grandson , son of James, J r.
,gives land ,
part of“Ho-oper
’
s Con c lusion ,
”on Taylor’s Island, and
Hooper’
s Pasture .
James Hooper, grandson , son of John, part of Hooper’
s
Con clusion,
”on Long Po in t, Slaughter Creek, and negro
woman“Tamar.
”
TH E HOOPERS 329
Tho-mas Hoo per, son, also a part of Hooper
’
s Conc luS i on and negro man
“Ceasar .
”
John Hooper, son , a ll the rest o f my lands not d isposedo f
, also some negroes.
H enry Hooper, Q . S ., son , I give and bequeath un to my
son , Henry Hooper, Q . S . , 5 sh i l l ings ster l ing, to be in fu l lfor his port ion of my estate .
Samue l Hooper, Son ,a negro and s i lver cup.
Thomas Hooper, grandson , son o f John , a n egro .
Nan cy HOO per (Noble) , daughter, a negro .
O ther béi uests as fo l lows : “Al l of my s i lver plate to mythree Thomas
,John and Samue l .
“Alli
"o f my horses and cat t le to my two sons, Tho-mas and
H enry, i tem .
All the rest ofmy persona l estate I give and bequeath un tomy fo l lowing ch i ldren ,
vizThomas
,John and Samue l Hooper, Elizabeth Edmond
‘Son, Sarah Pat t ison ,Pr isc i l la Woodward and Mary Noble, to
’be equal ly d ivided among them .
’
James Hooper, above-named, marr ied Mary Woo l ford,s ister o f Co l . Stephen Wool ford .
“H enry Hoo per, Q . S .,son of James and Mary Woo l ford
Hooper, named in his father’s wi l l to receive 5 sh i l l ings
ster l ing, a lso made a wil l, proved O ctober 30 , 1799, to dispose
of h is large estate . He gave to his wife, B et ty Hooper, dur
ing her l i fe, one of his dwe l l ing plan tat ions,‘
P orpeigham,
’
300 acres,
‘Addit ion to Ou t let Pasture,’
2 30 acres, and 50 0 0
pounds ster l ing out of the debts due and owing un to me upon
lands ; all o f my household furn i ture, plate, negroes and
everyth ing e lse of my personal estate except the remainder
of the debts due and owing me. H is wife was
appo inted so le execu tor and to take out let ters,
‘
ad co l l igan
dum ,bona defunct i ’ for recover ing the debts, but that there
be no appra isemen t or no inven to ry taken of my estate, nor
my execu tr ix sha l l not be obl iged to give bond or take any
oath to render any accoun ts.
330 H I STOR Y OF ,DORCHE STE R COUNTY
The wi l l in fu l l made by Samue l Hooper, March 2 7, 1806,
hereunder fo l lows :
SAMUE L HOOPER ’S LAST WILL AND TE STAMENT .
In the name of God , Amen .
I , Samue l Hooper, o-f Dorchester Couinty, in the State of
Maryland, Being very si ck and low in hea l th,but Of sound
and disposing m ind, memory and understand ing and C0 nS1l d
er ing the certainty of death and the un certa in tyO f the t ime
thereo f, and be ing des irous to se t t le my wor ld ly affai rs, and
therefore be the bet ter prepared to leave th is wor l d wlifl en it
sha l l please God to ca l l me hen ce,Do therefore make
l ish th is my last w i ll and testamen t,in manner and f
lowing : That is to say I give and devise un to my son
H enry Hooper, his heirs and assign s fo rever, a tract of landf
“P orpeigham,
” con tain ing 30 0 acres, and part of a tract ofland cal led “Addit ion to Out le t,
” wh i ch sai d lands were
devised to me by my brothe r Henry Hooper, Q . S . And
a lso a tract of land, B elvo ir, wh i ch I purchased of LevinKeene
,al so the house and lot whereon Mrs. Ann ie Go lds
borough now l ives, wh ich I Purchased of Robert Mu ir,all of whi ch land '
s I have hereto fore deeded to him,my
sai d son Henry . Also all other tracts or parts of tractswh i ch I now own, lying and being on the w est s i de of Trans
quaking R iver, let them be cal led by whatever names or
name they may, except lots and houses in Cambr i dge .
But I do give and devise the lands afor esai d on condit ion that my sai d son shal l w i th in one year after he
arr ives to a lawfu l age execu te and convey all his ri ghtand t i t le to the lands wh ich I have so ld to Isaac Cre igh
ton , h is he irs and assigns forever, as wi l l appear by the bon d
of con veyance given by me . And in case my sai d so-n shal l
not comply wi th the» con d it ions, then ,and in th is case I
give and devise all the lands afor esai d devised to h im, to
my daughter, El izabeth A . Hooper, her he irs and ass i gns for
332 H ISTORY OF DORCH E STE R COUNTY
In test imon y whereo f I have hereto fore set my hand and
sea l, th is 2 7th day of March, 180 6,A . D .
SAMUE L HOO PE R (Seal) .Witnesses
R ICHARD PATT I SON .
SAMUE L BROWN .
JOHN MACE .
Probated Apr i l 8th, 1806.
Recorded in the O ffice of the Register of Wil ls of Dor
chester Coun ty in Liber L . L . K ., No . I
,fo l io 44 .
Th is fam i ly o f Hoopers, of whom. on ly a few has beenmen t ioned
,is no re lat ion to Mayor Hooper, of Ba l t imore,
and his re lat ives , the Hoopers, ex tensive manu fac turers of
co t ton du ck . The first a rr iva l of that fam i ly in Maryland
came as a cabin boy on a merchan t vessel fro-m England .
HOOPE R FAM ILY BRANCHE S .
Co l . Moses LeCompte, marr ied El izabeth Wheeler, June1 1
,1782 .
Char les LeCompte, married Dru c i l la Travers, December191
1790 1
Miss Ann ie LeCompte, marr ied H enry Keene, Ju ly 2 3 ,
1798 .
Miss El izabeth LeCompte, marr ied James Pat t ison,
December 6,180 2 .
Miss Pr isci l la Hoop-er, marr ied James Wool ford, August
Thomas Hooper,marr ied Sarah Hooper,August 17, 1785 .
Thomas Hooper, marr ied Mary Hooper, June 17, 1788 .
B et ty Hooper,marr ied Mat thew Travers, January 7 , 1796.
James Hooper, marr ied Pr isci l la Pat t ison , December 19,
1798 .
James Hooper,marr ied Maha la Travers, January 14, 180 0 .
TH E HOOPERS 333
Mrs. Amel ia Hooper, née Barnes, marr ied Jerem iah Patt ison , May 28, 180 0 .
Wil l iam Hooper,marr ied Pr isci l la Gadd , O ctober 4, 180 0 .
Thomas Hooper, marr ied Eli zabeth Sm i th,December 2 6,
180 1 .
John Hooper, marr ied Mary McK eel, August 6, 180 2 .
Jeremiah Pat t ison,
‘
marr ied Nancy Barnes, December 91787 .
R i cha rd Pat t ison ,
1 marr ied Mary McK ee], March 4,1788 .
Elizabeth Pat t ison,marr ied B en jam in Woodward, Novem
ber 3 , 1789 .
Thos . James Pat t ison, marr ied Margaret Woodward,August 10 , 1790 .
Wil l iam Pat t ison,marr ied El izabeth Lin th i cum,
January19, 180 3 .
Mary Edmundson,marr ied John B rohawn,
September 131783 .
Po l lard Edmundson,marr ied El i zabeth Airey, March 26
,
1789 .
Mrs . Roxanna Edmundson ,marr ied James. Sm i th
,March
5 , 1792 . (Grandparen ts o f Dr . B enj . L . Sm i th, of Madison . )John Edmundson ,
marr ied Sarah Mann ,D ecember 1 1,
1794Thomas Edmundson ,
marr ied Sarah Sm i th,Ju ly 1 1
,1798 .
Joseph Edmundson,marr ied El i zabeth Simmon s, Apr i l 1 1 ,
I 799~
James Hooper, of Hooper’
s Island, mar r ied M iss Ar ianaLake, sister of George Lake
,of Lake’
s Distr i c t (see Lakefam i ly) . They had e ight ch i ldren,
viz : James, John ,H enry ,
Thomas, Ma ry (Pol ly) , Rebe cca, Sarah (Sal l ie) , and ArianaHoo per .
James Hooper, son of James and Ar iana (Lake) Hooper,
marr ied Mary (Po l ly) Harr ington . The ir ch i ldren were :
1There w ere two R ichard Pattison s on Tay lor'
s I sland at th is time ;
one o f them was“ Squ ire D ickey ;
”the other came to Orchard Creek ,
Tay lor’
s Island , Md from Calvert County .
334 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
Mary E . (d ied in ch i ldhood from acciden t) ; son s, Samuel,James, John H ., Stewart and Th omas H . Hooper . John H .
Hooper, of th is fam i ly, marr ied his cousin, Mary A . Hoo per .
(They e loped .)John Hooper, son of James and Ar iana (Lake) Hooper,
marr ied Miss Mary S . Tucker, daughter of Capt . Tho-mas
Tucker, of Ga lesvi l le, Md . John Hooper d ied on Ho-oper’
s
Island in the s ixty-th ird year of his age . His wife, Mary S .
Tu cker, was born Septembe r 17, 1790 ; died June 9, 1854.
O f the ir twe lve chi ldrenThomas was born in 1808 ; d ied in 1868 . He marr ied M issEl iza McNamara . They had e ight ch i ldren . The survivorsare Maria Lake
'
Hoo-per,who marr ied Capt . J no . W . Stewart ;Captain T imothy A . Hoop
-er,an d Capt . Lu ther Hooper .
John Ho oper, son of John and Mary S . Tu cker Hooper,
born d ie-d Septembe r 2 1,1840 ,
marr ied Miss SusanMcNamara ; had two sons, Wil l iam and Char les Hooper.
Susan McNamara Hooper (widow), marr ied Capt . GeorgeMister .
Harriet Hooper, daughter o f John and Mary S . Tu cker
, Hooper, marr ied Wi l l iam Andrews in “Lakes. They hadone daughter, C lara,who marr ied Dr . Edward L . Johnson .
Fann ie Hooper, daughter of John and Mary S . TuckerHooper,married Capt . Severn Mister . She was born March
3 , 18 14 ; d ied November 3 , 190 2 , in the‘
eighty-n in th year
of her age. The ir ch i ldren were Cornel ia McNamara, widow
of Jerome McNamara ; Mar ia Fran ces Ins ley, wife of R i ch
ard H . Insley ; Ar iana. Insley, wi fe of Capt . Corbin Insleyand James E . Mi ster, o f Ba l t imo re, Md .
THE KEENE FAM ILY .
(By M rs . H ester Dorsey R i chard son . )
There is no name in the annals o f Dor chester Coun ty more
conspi cuou s for servi ce in legislat ive hal l and on the fie ld thanthat o f Keene.
336 H I STORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
dishes, 3 dozen pewter plates, 18 leather cha irs, mahoganytables, great chests, bedroom furn i ture, si lver plate in largequan t i ty . In add i t ion to these eviden ces of luxur ious l iving,R i chard Keene left many servan ts, bo th wh i te and b lack,thousands of acres of land and th irty thou sand pounds of
tobacco ,wh i ch,in that d ay,was the curren cy o f the Province .
Upon at tain ing h is major i ty , the first o f the Dor chester
Keenes took up his res i den ce in the coun ty upon the landsdevised to him by his father, from wh i ch t ime un t i l the present the name has been prom in en t in the soc ial and pol i t i ca lhistory of the coun ty .
In the year 17 12 Capt . John Keene, one of the m i l i tary
o fficers of Dorchester Coun ty,was also a Just i ce of the Peace,
wh i ch,in that day, was a Judge of the Coun ty Court .
As both the m i l i tary and c ivi l o fficers of the co lon y wereby comm ission from the Lords Bal t imore, mu ch more im
por tance at tached to the appo in tmen ts than in these days o f
po l i t i cal r iva lry .
In the year 1734 B enjam in Keene was also comm ission ed
to be a Just i ce for Dorchester Coun ty, in wh i ch capacity he
con t inued to serve for many years .
In the Revolu t ion ary War, the Keenes of Dorchester
Coun ty figured conspi cuously as Officers and members of
the Comm i t tee of Safety .
R i chard Keene, grandson of R i chard, of Calvert Coun ty,marr ied Susannah Po l lard . They
-
had n ine son s and three
daughters . Seven of the sons em igrated to Ken tucky . These
pioneer bro thers set t led in Sco t t Coun ty, where in an old
cemetery they and many of their descendants lie bur ied .
Three of the sons of R i chard and Susannah took Holy Orders
l ike their kinsman across the sea, Edward Keene, Lord
B ishop of Ely and of Chester, and became c lergymen in the
Episcopa l Church .
These were Wil l iam,John and Samue l
,the lat ter remained
Mary land . He was ordained in Fu lhamPa lace, London ,
in the year 1760 ,and later received the degree of D .D . from
THE KEENE S 337
the Wash ington Co l lege, of wh i ch he was one of the Standing Comm i t tee of Exam iners .
At on e t ime the Rev. Samue l Keene was rector of St.
Anne’
s Parish in Anne Arunde l Cou n ty, a lso of St . Luke’
s,
o f Queen Anne ’
s Coun ty ; St . John’
s,of Caro l ine and
Anne’
s, and St . M’
i chae ls, o f Ta lbo t Cou n ty .
bwtp
'
t/
R i chard Raynal Keene, the ta len ted young lawyervw lioe lo-
pement with Eleanor e Mart in , the beau t i fu l young d aughter of Lu ther Mart in , the dist ingu ished Bal t imore was
the so c ia l sensat ion o f the year 180 2 , was‘
of th is EasternShore fam i ly of Keenes.
Among the ch i ldren and grandch i l dren of the pioneerbrothers of Ken tucky were some talented men and charmingwom en .
Wm . B . Keene , son of Thomas and Mary Tubman, of
Dorchester Coun ty, was the founder and orator of the Med
i ca l and Ch irurgica l Society of Ba l t imore in 1799. Subse
quen t ly he rejo in ed his fam i ly in Ken tucky and later, l ikemany of his kinsmen ,
journeyed farther Sou th . He died inLou isiana in 185 7 .
Rev . John Keene, one of the pion eer bro the rs o f Ken tucky,a c lergyman of the Episcopa l Church, marri ed M iss Young,of Maryland . Th e ir son ,
Samu e l Young Keene, surgeon
in the Revolut ionary Army, was born in Ken tu cky, where hemarr ied one of his Keen e cou s ins. After her death he
returned to Maryland and married Rebecca, daughter of
Howes Go ldsborough, and his cou s in , Rebec ca, granddaugh
ter of Judge Robert Go ldsborough, o f Cambri dge, Md .
The ir ch i ldren were John H enry Keene,the dist ingu ished
Bal t imore lawyer and au thor , and a daughter, Mary Ann
Keene .
John Henry Keene, late of Lauravi l le,Ba l t imore Coun ty,
marr ied Sarah Dorsey Lawren ce ,daughter of Capt . Levin
Lawrence, o f the F lying Camp o f the Revo lu t ionary Army,and Sarah Dorsey , daughter of
“Wild Caleb Do rsey .
The ir ch i ldren are John Hen ry Keene . a prom inen t lawyerof Bal t imore ; Mrs . W . P inkney Cra ig, Miss Mary Ho l l ings
22
338 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
wor th Crai g, and Miss Laura Eleanora Keene, of Govans
town, Bal t imor e Coun ty .
Mary Ann Keene marr ied John Ho l l ingsworth son of
Judge Zebu lon Ho l l ingswor th of Maryland .
The ven erable Samue l Youn g Keene , o f Georgetown ,
K y ., is the mos t d irect descendan t of the pioneer Ken tuckyKeene set t lers who wen t from Maryland near ly two hun dredyears ago .
Mr . John H enry Keene, of Bal t imore,is the last ma le
descendan t of his father’s l ine, bu t in Dorchester Coun tythere are a number of fam i l ies wh i ch st i l l bear the prou d Old
name, wh i le other fam i l ies ident ified with the early hi storyo f the State are l inea l descendan ts o f the co lon ial Keenesthrough the daughters. This is. true of the Gold sboroughs,
Dorseys and o ther Dor chester Coun ty fam i l ies.
The Ken tu cky Keenes intermarr ied with the Cr i t tendens,Faun t leroys, Theo-balds, Bu ckners, Sayres, Johnso-ns, Wil lmo t ts, Conns and Warrens.
An interest ing and h igh ly-pr i zed coat-of—arms has d e
scended in several bran ches of the Keene fam i ly . Recen t lyan o ld si lver coffeepot o f co lon ia l des ign was acc idental lyfound in an o ld an t ique shop with the Keene arms on one s i deand a Keene mon ogram on the o ther . Un for tunate ly, a
stranger secured th is in terest ing and valuable he ir loom
before one of the fami ly cou ld rescue i t .
THE K IRWAN FAM ILY .
SOLOMON F . K IRWAN .
The first sett lers o f the fam i ly of K irwans who came to
Maryland abo ut 1650 were three brothers, John ,Thomas and
David, who came from England and first located in Som ersetCounty
,near Dame
’
s Quarter . A shor t t ime thereafter,John , the great-great-grand
'father of So lom on F . Kirwan ,
came over to Dor chester and set t led n ear Pr i t chet t ’s Crossroads, in that part of the coun ty now ca l led Lakes d istr i ct .
He had several son s, Peter, John and Thomas . Descendan ts
of John and Th omas now l ive in Lakes.
340 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
Coun ty ; A . C . Kirwan , Un i ted States Sh ipping Comm ission er at Bal t imore, marri ed M iss Koe foed, of Taylor
’
s
I sland : John F . Kirwan,Captain o f the steamer Susq ue
hanna, who marr ied M iss E dm-ouds, o f Ba l t imor e ; So lomon
F . Kirwan, J r .,
merchan t at Lloyds, marr ied Miss Robinson ,
daughter of A . J . Rob inson , of Dor chester Coun ty .
The surviving daughters, Mart ina Kirwan , marr ied S .
Cowart, o-f No-rthumberland Coun ty, Va . , and Sa l l ie C . K ir
wan marr ied H . H . Travers, o f Dorchester Coun ty .
O f the bro thers of Peter Kirwan , John and Thom as,who
sett led near what is now ca l led Lakesvi l le, John was Ensignin Capt . T imo thy McNamare
’
s m i l i t ia company, cal led“Fr iends to Amer i ca, dur ing the Revolu t ionary War . H is
son,John Kirwan
,ca l led B ig John , d ied abou t 1856, he
marr ied Sa l l ie Pr i t che t t , daugh ter of El ijah and Rachae lPr i t chet t ; she d ied at Crapo , at the advan ced age of 96 years,in 1880 . The ir ch i ldren were Kat ie (who never marr ied ,d ied at the age of ei ghty-two years) , John , Thomas Will iamand Jane . John, now deceased, marr ied El i zabe th Pr i t chet t .daughter of Henry and Man ie Pri t chet t . The ir surviving
ch i ldren are Arthur J Jenn ie (Kirwan) Foxwell, George E . ,
Fann ie (Kirwan) Hart and John S . Kirwan .
Tho-mas Kirwan ,now deceased , marr ied three t imes ; first,
Sa l l ie Evan s, by who-m were born two : chi ldren , Eliza (K ir
wan) Denny , deceased , and Thomas H . Kirwan ,now l iving
at Lakesvi l le H is second wife was Mary Dean ; left no sur
\ 1ving ch i ldren ; and h is th ird wife was Nan cy (Ph i l l ips)VVroten , widow . Th e ir ch i l dren are Martha (Kirwan) ,Wheat ley and B enj. F . Kirwan .
Wil liam Kirwan marr ied El i zabeth Jones, of Ba l t imo re .
Jane Kirwan marr ied Alza. Willey , who left one surviving
daughter, Sarah E . Wil ley,who first marr ied John Simmons,
who died , leaving widow and three sons, vi z : Wil l iam H .,
J ames. E . and Char les W . Simmon s . Sarah E . Simmon s,
widow,marr ied Capt . H enry N i ce ly
, o f Virgin ia, who was
acc id entallv ki l led on a sai l vesse l in Chesapeake Bay .
TH E LAK E S 34 1
Thomas Kirwan, a bro ther of Peter and John , a lso l i vedin Lakes ; he marr ied a Miss Wheat ley ; one o f the ir ch i ldren ,
Jo hn D . Kirwan ,marr ied Lavina) VVingate , daugh ter of
Pr i t che t t Wingate . The ir ch i ldren were John S . Kir wanand Andrew Wash ington Kirwan . Capt . John S . Kirwan now
res i des in Bal t imo re, is engaged in the oyster trade and
comm ission business . He marr ied Mary A . Windsor,
daughter of Wil liam and El izabeth Windsor . The ir ch i ldren are Wil l iam C . Kirwan , oyster and fru i t comm iss ionmerchan t ; he marr ied Miss Lyn ch
,o f Bal t imor e. John E .
Kirwan , oyster and West India fru i t merchan t ; marr iedMiss Dora Stein , of Ba l t imore . De l la Kirwan , deceased,marr ied Capt . Samue l Tod d . Fann ie G . marr ied Capt . Sam .
Sm i th,now deceased . Capt . Char les S . (single) , engaged in
the oyster and West Ind ia fru i t trade . Mary F lora marr iedJacob Barnes. Capt . Fred . N . (single) , en gaged in the oys
ter and West India fru i t trade .
Andre-w Wash ington Kir wan , bro ther of Capt . John S . ,
was a vo lun teer in Company B , under Capt . John E . Graham,
in the F irst Eastern Shor e Regimen t of In fan try, dur ing theC ivi l War . He died soon a fter the c lose of the war .
The K irwans have un iversal ly borne an enviable reputat ionthrough su ccessive generat ions as patr io ts, so ld iers,marin ers,
merchan ts and in o ther busin ess re lat ions, wher ever engaged .
THE LAKE FAM ILY .
The Maryland branch of the Lake fam i l y,who left Englandon accoun t of re l igious persecu t ion s fo l low ing the death of
Char les I .,have a fami ly tradit ion that they descended
fro-m the o ld establ ished fam i ly of that name in England , of
wh i ch Edward Lake, LL .D . , Chan cel lor Of the Dio cese of
Linco ln , a devo ted adheren t of Charles I . , for whom he fough tat the batt le of Naseby , and was there wounded s ixteen t imes,
was given by the King a coa t -O-f-augmen tat ion ,and an add i
tional coat—o-f—arms, and was also made a baronet,with the
pr ivi lege of nam ing his successor to the t i t le . However, no
342 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
patent was taken out by him be fore the t ime of his dea th in1674 . He was su cceeded by his grandnephew, S ir B ibye
Lake, Sub-Governo r of the Afr i can Company, who was alsocreated a baronet , O ctober 17 , 17 1 1 . (See coat-o-f-airm-
s .)Som e member s of the Lake fam i ly are sai d to: have left
Maryland an d set t led in Virgi n1a and New Jersey, of whom
descended Capt . George B loc ker Lake, late of E dgefield ,S .
C . ,Thomas Harden Lake, o f Mobi le, Ala ., and Mrs. Ju l ia
Lake Crawford , of New York .
l ake fi rms.
The first of the name of Lake foun d of record in Maryland,is
“Robert Lake,”an inhab itan t of the Isle of Kent, P lanter ,
men t io ned in Court proc eedings February 12 , 1637, as hav
ing been engaged in C laiborne’
s Rebe l l ion in. 163 5 . He
was then seven teen year s of age as appears by h is depos i t ionFebru ary 2 2
,1639. There are also three em igrants named
on B rewer’s l ist of ear ly set t lers, 1634 to 1689, to wit :“John
Lake,“George Lake,
“John Lake,Variou s tracts of land w ere paten ted by the Lakes ; RobertLake
,tract ca l led
“Lu ck,
”in 17 13 ; Rev . Char les Lake, tract
344 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
dwel l ing and so enraged the Tor ies that they set the hou se
on fire . She succeeded in put t ing out the fire and escapingby a ba ck window ; runn ing across the fi el ds ba ck of the
hou se, she found some of her father’s company who came to
his rescue, and fir ing upon the B r i t ish and Tor ies, drove themback to their boa ts withou t the ir pr isoner .
Capta in Lake’
s wife, Rhoda, a lso res isted the arrest of herhusband and took ho l d of him by the arm and sa i d tha t heshou l d not be taken pr isoner. She he ld him so securelythat a soldier in trying to for ce her to turn him loo se ,
stucka bayon et in her arm . (The forego ing is a tradi t ion ,
authen
ticated by the o l der members of the fam i ly .)Capt . Henry Lake was appoin ted by Governo r Sma l lwoo d,State’
s Judge or Just i ce of Dorchester Coun ty, qual ified May
6, 1786. He was appo in ted“H igh Sher iff of the county,
and qual ified a fter execu t ing a bond of Ten Thou sa ndPounds, curren t mon ey, O ctober 24, 1797 . Capt . HenryLake and wife, Rhoda, are buri ed in the Lake Homesteadon Honga R iver, Lake
’
s Distri c t . The inscr ipt ion on h is
tomb is as fo l low s
H ere l ieth the body of the on ce very ufefu l
—HENRY LAKE
A lover o f jti ftice, Tru th , and the Re l igion of J efus Ch rist ,who departed th is l i fe November 28th , abou t the 65th .
year of his age.
The serpen t need not gape for prey ,
Nor Death his V ict’
ry boalt,
For J efus takes the ! ting away ,
And al l the ir pow er is lo ft.
Then let the In lt w ith J efus Heep ,In und isturbed repo le,
And on ly l ie thus bur ied d eep ,To r i fe as once he role .
”
Capt . Henry Lake bel ieved i t tobe un just to ho ld servan tsin perpetua l bondage, hence he manum i t ted several of h iss laves before his death .
THE LAK E S 345
QUAL IF ICATION S OF HENRY LAKE—STATE ’S JUDGE ORJUSTICE .
M essrs. B enjam in. Kee ne and H enry Lake, two of the
gen t lemen nom inated in the Comm ission of the Peace hereinafter recorded, came into Cou rt and accepted the sa idappointmen t and were accord ingly qual ified as. two of the
J ust i ces of the Peace in and for th is coun ty by taking, rep-eating and subscri b ing to the Oath of F idel i ty and support ofthe State of Maryland by repeat ing and subscri bing the
Declarat ion of the ir be l ief in the Christ ian Rel i gion, and by
taking and repeat ing the Oath of Judge or Just i cte .
Record— Minu tes o f Cou rt of 1786, Tuesday, May 16.
fo l io 3 2 .
State of Maryland, Dor chester Coun ty, Set1,Char les Lake, C lerk of the C ircu i t Cou rt for Dorches
ter Coun ty d o cert i fy tha t the forego ing are tru ly co1
pied
from the records of Dor chester Coun ty and now on fi le in
th is. office .
In Test imon y Whereo f, I hereunto subscr ibe my name
and affix the seal of the C ircu i t Cou rt for Dor chester Coun ty,th is seventeen th day of O ctober
,A . D . 1898 .
CHARLE S LAKE,C lerk .
Lake’
s Distri c t appe ars to be the on l y d istr i c t in.
‘
Dorches
ter Cou nty bearing the name of an ind ividual, that hon or
and dist in ct ion having be en con ferred upon the Cou n ty’
s
High Sher iff and “usefu l ci t i zen
,Capt . Henry Lake.
CH ILDREN OF CAPT . HENRY LAKE AND W IFE RHODA .
1 . H en ry, drow ned at sea .
2 . Elizabeth,marr ied Thomas Barn es.
3 . Mary,marr ied Moses Barnes .
4 . Lavina (Lovey) , marr ied John Stewart McNamara .
1
1John S tewart McNamara w as an Officer in the Revo lutionary War .
He was a man of mean s and influence and was bond sman for Capt. H enry
346 H I STORY OF DORCHESTE R COUNTY
5 . Will iam,marr ied El i zabe th. Hart
,O ctober 24,
1791 .
6 . Levin,marr ied, 1, Mary Keene ; 2 ,
Mar ia Mu ir .
7 . George,marr ied, Mary Boyne. S lacombe1 (Slacum) .
8 . Wash ington ,marr ied Margar et S lacum .
CH ILDREN OF JOHN STEWART MCNAMARA AND W IFE ,
LOVE Y (LAKE ) , DAUGHTE R OF HENRY LAKE .
1 . Wil l iam,married Par tri dge .
2 . Susan, marr ied,1,John Hooper; 2 ,
Capt . Geo rge Mister . B ever ly W . Mister
,E sq .
,of Bal t imore
, is a d escendan t .
3 . Z ippora,marr ied John Hooper .
4 . Rho da,marr ied Slater Cowart .
5 . H enry L .,born Apr i l 30 180 3 ; died, D ecember 2 7,
1844 ; marri ed Harr iet t Lake .
CH ILDREN OF W ILL IAM MCNAMARA AND W IFE(PARTRIDGE ) .
I . Sarah,married Benjam in F . Cator, of Ba l t imo re , on e of
the founders Of the firm of Armstrong, Cator CO .
2 . Susan ,married,1,
Wilcox ; 2 , Gov . Hol l i day H icks,of Maryland .
SLACOMBE NOTE S .
Gabriel Slacom (Slacombe) was an officer of the crew of
the Pri vateer “Sturdy B eggar ,”sa i l ing under Letters ofMar
q ue, commissioned in. 1776 and 1777 . He was. captured and
imprison ed for several years in England ; final ly escaped to
Fran ce and rea ched his hom e after an absen ce of seven years,broken in. hea l th from se r ious wound s rece i ved at the t ime
Lake on bond for Pound s , current money , as H igh Sher i ff forDorchester County in 1797 . Colonel McNamara d ied July 8, 1823 , i n the
68th y ear of hi s age .
l Mary Boyne S lacombe ( S lacum ) Lake was the daughter of Gabr ielS lacum , of Mary land , and Cather ine Boyne , his w ife , daughter of Dr .
Boyne, of Dublin , I re land , of the o ld I r ish fam i ly of Boyne .
348 H I STORY OF DORCH E STER COUNTY
Augustus Wash ington Lake (son OfWil l iam) , Pr ivate F ifteenth Mississ ippi Regimen t, wounded at bat t le of Sh i lohafterwards ch ief c lerk in surgeon ’
s offi ce at Grenada, Miss .,
to c lose of war .
Wal ter Scott Lake (son of Will iam) , with Genera l Jackson
’
s escort and Ordnan ce Sergean t, Seventh Tenn essee
Regimen t .
R i chard P inkney Lake (son of Will iam) , Second Lieutenant, Capt . R . E . Wynne’
s Company, Miss issippi Cava lry, andSecond Lieutenan t detached servi ce, in command of d is
mou n ted men Of B r igade Miss issippi Cava lry (age at.
c lo se o f war .
Edwin B . Lake son of Captain Levin) , with Texas forces,was drowned and frozen in an exped i t ion to capture a Fed
eral gunboa t o ff B rownsvi l le, Tex . ,in win ter o f 1863 .
James Bushrod Lake, J r . (son of J as . Bushrod) , Captainand A . D . C . Staff Gen . Bushrod Johnson .
Craig Lake (son of J as. Bushrod) , Maryland Regimen t .Died in servi ce in Virgin ia .
Alexander Fr idge Lake (son of Henry, of M emph is) , Tennessee Reg imen t . Kil led in batt le of Sh i loh .
Levin Lake, J r . , Vo lun teer A . D . C . Staff General Early’sArmy of Nor thern Virgin ia .
James F . Mister, captured in army of Northern V irgin ia,after exchange was Major in Battal ion Miss issippi Cavalry .
Mat thew Keen e Mister,Capta i n and A . A . G . Brigade
Mississippi Cavalry .
Wilbur F . M ister, Chaplain Army of Tennessee .
Wil l iam H enry McNamara,Pr ivate Mississippi Cavalry .
Lake McNamara, Chapla in Army of Northern Vir
gin ia ; d ied in servi ce .
George W . Lake, clerk in Quartermas ter’s Office, Gren
ada,Miss.
In addi t ion to the forego ing, Hon . Wil l iam A . Lake, of
Vicksburg,Miss , was a cand idate for member in Con federate
Congress, when he was ki l led in a due l w i th hi s oppon en t,Colone l Chambers.
THE LAKE S 349
LAKE FAM ILY CHARACTER I STICS .
Light or red hai r, flor i d oomplexions, we l l bu i l t, very ener
get i c, at ten t ive and cap-able in their bu siness o ccupat ions.
They revere-d the Chr ist ian re l igion and were members of the
Church o f England un t i l the days o f B ishop Asbury, whoswept the Eastern Shore with a re l igiou s wave of M e thod ismsoon a fter the Revo lut ion ary War, and most of them. havebeen members o f the Method ist Church since that pe r iod .
They were -no ted for the ir in tegr i ty and independence, kindand indu lgent to the ir fam i l ies, lovers o f horses and the own
ership of lan d ; were patri ot i c, and have served the ir coun tryin all of its wars— not less than twen ty membe rs of who-m
served in the Sou thern.Army dur ing the late C ivi l War.
GEORGE LAKE , SON OF CAPT. HENRY LAKE .
George Lake (son of Henry Lake and Rhod a his wife)born 1776, died November 2 1, 183 1 . Married Mary B oyneSlacum
,marr iage l i cense issued O ctober 2 3 , 180 2 . She was
bor n June 3 , 1784, and died September 2 1, 1872 ,bur ied at
Grenada,Miss . (He was bur ied at Locust Grove” Farm,
Lake Distri ct, Dorchester Coun ty, Md . ) Mary Boyne S lacum was the daughter o f Gabr i e l S lacum,
a sai lor in the Rev
o lution ary War, who marr ied Cather ine B oyne, daughter of
Dr . Boyne, of Dubl in ,I re land . George Lake was Capta in
Dorchester Coun ty Mi l i t ia in War o f 18 12 - 15 ; For ty—e igh th
Regimen t (Jon es) Maryland Detached Service . In an en
gagement with General Ross’ for ces, at Hon ga R iver in 18 14 ,
his horse was shot down in the ir at tack . He was a farmer
and me rchan t and a lso member o f Mary land Legis lature
182 7-28 ; was an arden t adm irer of Andrew Jackson .
CH I LDREN OF CAPT. GEORGE LAKE AND W IFE , MARY B .
1 . Harr ie t, marr ied Dan ie l Barnes ; 2,H enry L . Mc
Namara .
2 . Mir iam , marr ied John Cowart .
3 . Cather ine, marr ied I saac Cre ighton .
.350 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
4 . C lar issa H .,married
,I , Wil l iam Wash ington Lake
J ohn S . Staplefort.
5 . Ju l ia A .,marr ied Ma t thew Keene Mister .
6. C lemen t ine, marr ied Wi l l iam Lake .
7 . George-anna, marr ied, 1, Henry S . Lake ; 2 ,Major Aug .
Newton ; 3 , Dr . Jos eph B . Tarple y .
8 . Gabr ie l Perry Lake,marr ied, I , Hen r ietta Crawford ; 2 ,
Mrs. Kate B . Conne l ly ; 3 ,Mrs. Nann ie K . Moore .
9 . Robe rt P inkney, ma rr ied Virgin ia Light foot , of V ir
gin ia.
10 . Lou isa,marr ied Co l . George E . Aust in .
W ILLIAM LAKE , SON OF CAPT . HENRY LAKE .
Wil l iam Lake (son o f Capt . H enry Lake and Rho da hiswife) , bo rn August 1 1767 ; d ied Apri l 5 , 18 10 ; ma rr iedElizabeth Hart . Li cense issued O ctober 2 1, 1791 . She was
born in 1772 ; died May 4,1833 , in the 62 d year of her age .
Bo th buried in the Lake Homestead Graveyard, Dorchester
Coun ty, Md .
IN SCRIPTION S ON TOMB STONE S .
In memory of Wil l iam Lake, who was born August 1 ,
1767, and departed th is l i fe Apr i l 5 , 18 10 , aged 42 year -8mos-4 days.
Dear travelers a l l who pass by me
Think on that great etern ity,
I am not d ead , but here d o s leep,
Tho’buried in this earth so d eep,
Ti l l the Archange l rend s the sk iesAnd Christ my Saviour bid s me rise .
In memory of Elizabe th Lake,who departed th is l i fe May
4, 1833 , in the 62 d year of her age .
”
Lavin ia (Lovey) Lake, daughter of Capt . Henry Lake,born 1766, d ied November 17, 1843 . Marri ed John Stew
352 H I STOR Y OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
ree lected three t ime s in su ccession to the same office . H is
fourth term wi l l expire in the fa l l of 190 3 , when he wil l have
completed twen ty- four years o f servi ce as C ircu i t Cou rt
C lerk .
LEV IN LAKE , SON OF CAPT. HENRY LAKE .
Levin Lake (son of Capt . H enry Lake and wi fe Rhoda)
was born January 2 5 , 1774, d ied February 14,182 6. F irst
marr ied Mary Keene, l i cen se D ecember 24, 180 0 ,both of
Dorchester Coun ty . He was a plan ter and l i ved in Draw
br i dge, Dor chester Coun ty, near Salem ,Md ., a prom inen t
and suc cess fu l business man . Secon d marriage was with
Ma r ia Mu ir .
CH ILDRE N OF LEV IN LAKE AND WIFE (MARY KE ENE ) .
1 . Wil l iam Augustus, bo rn January 6, 1808 ; died O ctober
2 . James Bushrod,born D ecember 13 , 18 1 1 ; died Ju ly 24,
1884 ; marr ied Louisa Hooper Crai g, December 13 , 1832 .
She was born May 13 , 18 15 ; died , January 4, 1892 .
CH ILDREN OF LEV IN LAKE AND W IFE (MAR IA MUIR ) .
1 . Ann ie Lavin ia,born ,
died marri ed,1,
Dan ie l Nye ; 2 , Co l . M . K . Mister,Grenada, Miss .
W ILL IAM AUGUSTUS , SON OF LEV IN LAKE AND W IFE(MARY KE ENE ) .
Will iam A . Lake (son o f Levin Lake and wife Mary) , born ,
January 6, 180 8 ; d ied, Oc tobe r 15 , 186 1 ; marr ied Anne
Eliza Craig,S ister o f his bro ther James Bushrod
’
s wife, and
was born D ecember 2 5 , 18 10 ,and died June 30 ,
1896. He
was a member o f the Maryland Legislature in 183 1 . Re
moved to Vicksburg, Miss . M ember of Mississipp i Legi sl
TH E LAKES 353
ture and Mississippi Senate. In 1856 was a member of Un i tedStates Congress, Fourth Con gressional D istr i c t, a Wh ig in
po l i t i cs, though elected in a Demo crat i c d istr i ct . Was can
d idate for the Con federate States Congress in 186 1 . Kil led ina due l by C0 1. Chambers, of Mississ ippi, opposing cand idate,O ctober 15 , 1861
,at Hopefield , Ark., opposi te M emph is,
Tenn . He was a prom inen t lawyer and plan ter, and an influential c i t i zen, great ly beloved . I t is be l ieved that his death,wh i ch caused a thri l l of horror throughou t the Sou thernStates, was the cause of put t ing a stop to the custom of
duel l ing, wh i ch had been previously so much pract i ced inthe South.
CH I LDREN OF WI LL IAM A . LAKE AND WIFE (ANNEE L I ZA CRA IG ) .
1 . Mary, born ,d ied
,marr ied Duff Green,
V i cksburg, Miss.
2 . Lou isa,born
,d ied, marr ied Slaughter.
3 . Ali ce, born, married ones.
d ied, unmarried .4 . W i llie,born
,
CH ILDREN OF JAME S BUSHROD LAKE AND WIFELOU I SA H . (CRAIG ) .
1 . Wil l iam Augustus, born May 24, 183 5 ; d ied Apr i l 28,1861 ; marr ied Ann ie S . Eccleston ,
Dorchester Coun ty, Md .
2 . James Bushrod,born O ctober 4, 1837 ; died September
30 , 1896 ; marr ied,1,M . R . Thayer ; 2 ,
Maggie J . Wil l iams.
3 . Levin, born May 3 1, 1842 ; marr ied Maggie E . Will iam
son, Memph is, Tenn .
4 . Anne Eli za, born Jun e 16, 1840 ; marr ied John C . Henry,
Cambr i dge, Md .
5 . John Craig, born March 3 , 1845 ; died March 1,1864,
R i chmond,Va.,Con federate Army .
6 . Albert,born D ecember 8, 1846 ; marr ied Ann ie E .
Lamb.
7 . Ida,born August 14, 1848.
23
354 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTE R COUNTY
8 . Or loff, born Augus t 1, 185 5 ; marr ied Amanda B .
Spearing .
9. Duff Green Lake, born September 4, 1860 ; married IdaM . Wood, New Or leans, La.
WASH INGTON LAKE , SON OF CAPT. HENRY LAKE .
Wash ington Lake (so-n o f Henry Lake and Rhod a his W i fe)was born 1784 and d ied June 4, 1826 ; marr ied Margaret S lacum ; she was born in 1790 ,
d ied February 4, 185 5 , bur ied inWill iam Andrews’ graveyard
,near Ebenezer Church
,Lake’
s
Distri ct . He is bur ied in the Lake Homestead graveyard,Lake’
s Distr i ct, Dor chester Coun ty, Md .
IN SCR IPTION ON TOMB STONE .
In memory of Wash ington Lake, who departed th is l i feJune 4th, 182 6, in the 43rd year of h is age .
” Farmer and
l ived in Henry Lake Homestead (Honga R iver) .
Margaret Andrews, d ied February 4, 185 5 , aged 65 years
(widow of Wash ington Lake) , second marr iage to Wil l iamAndrews, F irst Lieu tenan t in Dorchester Coun ty
'
Mil it ia,Forty-e ighth Regimen t (Jones) Maryland ,War 18 12 - 15 .
CH ILDREN OF CAPT . WASH INGTON LAKE AND WIFEMARGARET ( SLACUM . )
1 . Henry Slacum, born died,
marr ied George
anna Lake .
2 . Eliza, born,18 10 ; d ied, 18 18 .
3 . Wil l iam,born Apr i l 19, 18 1 1 ; d ied, Apri l 19, 1864 ;
marr ied C lemen t ine Lake .
4 . George Wash ington ,born d ied, August , 1878 ;
marr ied Susan Slacum .
5 . Susan (Parker), born , d ied,6. Levin, born September 7, 18 17 ; marr ied
,1,Jane Tyler ;
2,Harriet A . Crawfor d .
7 . Mary Caro l ine, born,marr ied
,1,
Bryerly ; 2 ,
Wil l iams .
356 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
R ICHARD P INKNEY LAKE , SON OF W ILLIAM LAKE .
R i chard P inkn ey Lake (son ofWil l iam Lake and C lemen
t ine) , born January 10,1848, Grenada, Miss ; marr ied Ste l la
McK n ight Ho ffa, at Auvergne P lan tat ion,
Grenada Coun ty,Miss , January 2 2 , 1878 .
CH ILDREN OF R ICHARD P . LAKE AND W IFE STELLA(HOFFA . )
R i chard Henry .
Este l le .
Elizabeth Don elson .
Robert P inkneyEdith Read .
Ade le Doro thy .
Don e lson Mart in .
Ali ce Mau ry .
Chas . Hoffa.
R ICHARD P . LAKE ’S VI S IT.
Mr . R i chard P . Lake, of Memph is, Tenn ,was in our citv
last week . He has bought the O l d Fami ly Homestead on
Honga R iver, in Lake’
s Distr i ct, where his an cestor , HenryLake
,Sr .
,d ied in 1760 ,wh i ch later was the hom e of his great
grandfather, Capt . Henry Lake, in 1776. When a forceof B r i t ish and Tories cam e to capture him,
they were met.with a spir i ted resistance, ai ded by Captain Lake
’s wi fe and
daughter, Lovey; and by some of his own company, who
drove the B r i t ish back to their boats.
Capt . Henry Lake was High Sheriff of th is cou n ty in
1797, and was the father of Wil l iam, Levin, George and
Wash ington Lake, all we l l known c i t i zens in their generat ion . Th is place was also the scene o f ano ther confl i ct,when ,
in 18 14, the B r i t ish at tacked a land force in command
of Mr . Lake’
s materna l grandfather , Cap-t. George Lake,whose horse was sho t down by a cannon ba l l fired from one
of their vessels. Capt. George Lake was in Jones’ Forty
TH E LA K E S 357
e ighth Regimen t, Maryland Mil i t ia, in the war 18 12 - 15 , and
represen ted ou r cou n ty in Maryland Legislature in sess ion o f
182 7—28.
This place was afterwards owned by Mr. Wash ingtonLake and descended to his son , Levin, an uncle of Mr . R.
P . Lake, who so ld i t to Mr . Albert Johnson in abou t 1845,whose son s were reared there, and are so we l l known in
finan cial c irc les in our Nat ional Capi ta l and in th is coun ty .
Mr . Lake is deeply interested in Maryland H istory and all
that pertains to Dor chester Coun ty, and regrets to see the
lower part of Lakes, wh i ch was on ce so prosperou s now so
sadly neglected in agr i cu l tural deve lopmen ts. He is a mem
ber of the Mississippi H istor i cal Society, also of the Con
federate Veterans Assoc iat ion at Memph is and is Aid-d eCamp on the Staff of the gal lan t Lieu t .—Gen . Steph en D . Lee,
of the Con federate Ve terans . We wel com e Mr . Lake as
the owner of the home of his Maryland ancestors — Demo
crat and News .
R i chard P inkney Lake, financier, was born in Grenada,Miss , January 10 ,
1848 . His father was Wil liam Lake , a
weal thy merchan t and an ear ly se tt ler o f Grenada, Miss ,
who was descended from an Engl ish fam i ly that set t led at
Eastern Shore, Md . , abou t 1658 . His l ine was represen tedin all the ear ly Amer i can wars ; among o thers his grea tgrandfather, Henry Lake, E sq . , was comm issioned by the
Maryland Counc i l of Safety ,May 16, 1776, Captain o f a com
pany, in B rig -Gen . H enry Hooper’
s corps, o f the MarylandM il it ia . Maternal grandfather, Capt . George Lake, servedin 48th Regimen t Maryland Mil i t ia, detached servi ce , in 18 13 ,
18 14, 18 15 . Paternal grandfather, Lieu t . Wash ington Lake.
Capt . Wm . McNamara’
s de tachmen t, and Capt . George
Lake’
s company, same regimen t,18 13 , 18 14 and 18 15 .
Mr . Lake inher i ted the so ld ier ly spir i t of his ancestors, and
a l though on ly th irteen years of age at the ou tbreak of the
C ivi l War, he jo ined the Con federate for ces, and was e lected
Second Lieu tenant o f a m i l i tary company Of boys. He d id
not see act ive service un t i l 1864, when he served as Sec ond
358 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
Lieutenan t of a cava lry company under Co lone l F isher, andlater in special servi ce, was in command of d ismoun ted men
in a bri gade of Mississippi State forces to the c lose of the
war. Return ing home under paro le, he set to work to
recover the fortunes of h is fam i ly, great ly wasted by the war ,and soon. he became a successfu l merchan t, plan ter and
banker. The pol i t i cal trou bles of the t imes demanded hisat ten t ion, and for severa l years he was a member and chai rman of the Coun ty Democrat i c Execut ive Comm i t tee, butwhen the quest ion of negro. suprema cy was set t led to h is
sat isfact ion, he withdrew from act ive po l i t i cs. In 1875 ,
however,wh i le at tending on invitat ion a meet ing of bankers
and financ ial men at Ph i lade lph ia, P a. , though Offering no
apo logy for the past, he took o ccasion to vo i ce the renewedloya l ty of the Sou th to the Un ion, thereby assist ing towards a
stronger re con ci l iat ion between the States. After engaging
for some years in various bank ing and o ther financ ial under
takings, in c luding that of ra i lroading, be ing a d irector in the
M . T. rai lroad for severa l years, and its Vice-President
from 1882 to 1884. Mr . Lake became genera l agen t in Mis
sissippi in 1885 for the Equ i table Life Assurance Soc iety of
New York,wh i ch po si t ion he has he ld with increas ing powers
un t i l, in 1895 , he was appo inted general manager for twoStates, h is agency having its headquarters in Memph is. Mr .
Lake is a member of the Con federate Histori cal Assoc iat ion
ofMemph is, and at tended the reun ion of the Con federate vet
erans at R i chmond, Va . , in Ju ly, 1896 ; a lso at Nashvi l le,Tenn , in June, 1897, when he was appo in ted Aid-d e-Camp,
with the rank of Co lone l, on the staff of Lieut .-Gen . Stephen
D . Lee,and was du ly commissioned to th is pos i t ion,wh ich he
st i l l holds.
“In January, 1878, Mr. Lake was marr ied to
Ste l la McK n ight Hoffa, a descendant of the McK n ight, Reed
and Hoffa fam i l ies o f P ennsvlvan ia, and of the Done lson and
Mart in fam i l ies of Tennessee, she be ing a near re lat ive of
Rache l Don e lson Jackson,wife of President Andrew Jackson .
Mr. Lake is a member of the Con federate Histor i cal Asso
360 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
4 . Joseph, who married Margaret Ga ines Scales.
5 . El len,marr ied Wm . Bussey . Judge James Bussey,
Of Lou isiana, and Augustus Wr ight, of F lor i da, who gradu
ated at Annapo l is are descendan ts.
6. Po l ly, marri ed Jack Murphy
7 . Nan cy, marr ied James Whal ley .
8 . Sarah, marr ied Wm . Ell is.
The Lake fami ly wer e no ted for their in tegr i ty, virtueand independence. They were not c lann ish ; indeed, they
were so absorbed with business that they rare ly visi ted one
ano ther.
JO SE PH LAKE ( SON OF R ICHARD AND SARAH ! LANDON ]LAKE ) .
Joseph Lake was born February 2 2 , 1794,marr ied Margaret Gaines Scales, daughter of N i cho las and Elizabeth (Perkin s) Sca les, who was born February 5 , 180 2 ,
in the ne igh
bo rhood of Tr iune . They l ived in Alabama. He d ied
August 26, 1849. She d ied May 2 1, 1846.
CH ILDREN OF JO SEPH AND MARGARET LAKE .
1 . N i cho las Sca les, d ied unmarried,age 24.
2 . El izabeth Perkins Scales, died in in fan cy .
3 . Elizabeth P rvor,married S . Parker ; l ived in Alabama .
4 . James Thadeus, died in in fan cy .
5 . Joseph, d ied in in fan cy .
6. Thomas Harden,marr ied, 1, S . Hou ston ; 2
,Mrs.
Gaines.
7 . Margare t Caro l in e, marr ied James Cobbs.
8 . John Jem ison, unmarr ied . F irst Lieutenan t of Mob i le
R ifles, ki l led in C i vi l War at South Moun ta in, age 24.
9. Susan Ella,d ied unmarr ied, age 19.
IO . Ju l ia Ga ines,marr ied Robert L . Crawford .
1 1 . Joseph H enry, d ied in in fan cy .
TH E LECOM PTE S 361
THE LE COMPTE FAM ILY .
(D ata from J . S .
An thony LeCompte, a nat i ve Of the Provin ce of P i cardy inFran ce ,
left that coun try abou t the t ime of the confl ic tbetween R i che l ieu , the Pr ime Min ister and Dictator of
Fran ce, and the Hugueno ts, n ear the c lose of the re l igiouswars and persecut ion s there . He sought refuge in England,fami ly tradi t ion states that wh i le there he served in the E ngl ish army for e layen years, where he won m i l i tary dist in ct ionand royal titlesw: He marr ied a Fren ch lady in London ,
named Ester Doa
’
tloan . Some t ime before 165 5 he and his
fam i ly came to Maryland and probably first set t led in Ca lver tCoun ty . Land records show that on February 7, 165 5 ,
An ton ie LeCompte assigned his r ight to. 2 0 0 acres of landdue him to Ishmae l Wr ight (Land O ffice, Lib . A .
,fol .
In 1657 a charge in Calvert County was 30 0 pounds of
tobacco pa i d An thony LeCompte for ki l l ing three wo lves.
In 1659 An thony LeCompte was gran ted a paten t for
70 0 acres of land on Choptank R iver in Hom e Bay ; i t wassurveyed August 13 , 1659 for 80 0 acres, and named “St .Anthon ia
”or
“Anton ine . At that t ime, ten years beforeDorchester Coun ty was establ ished , very few wh i te peoplehad sett led in that part of the Eastern Shore, whi le Indianswere plen t i fu l and daring in roving bands . As Mr. Le
Compte had brought a number of wh i te servan ts and a
quant i ty of arms . to his new sett lement, he fort ified i t for
protect ion , and when the savages came menacingly near, he
wou l d d isperse them by fir ing his large guns, and i t is sai d,ki l led som e of them.
He was one of the Just ices of Dor chester Coun ty 1669-
7 1
(Md . Arch ives, v . 52 ,Lib . C . D . , fo l . He died in Sep
tember or O ctober, 1673 , and his widow, Esther, subse
quent ly marr ied Mark Co-rdea . In the Archives of Maryland
(v . i i, pp. 40 0-
40 2 ) is a pet i t ion for the natural i zat ion of a
number of person s of foreign birth res iding in Maryland , and
among them are named the widow and ch i ldren of An thony
362 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
LeCompte . I t is there stated that Anthony was born in
P i cardy in the Kingdom of Fran ce, his W i fe Esther, at
Dieppe , in Normandy, and ! their chi l dren,John, :Moses,
Ph i l ip, An thony, Esther and Cather ine, in the Provin ce of
Maryland . There is a further referen ce to the fam i ly in the
Chancery Records,17th Ju ly, 1680 ; Mark CO-rdea and Esther ,hi s wife
,execu tr ix of An thon y LeCompte, deceased, are
summoned to answer the complain t o f Henry Fox and
Esther, h is wife, on e o f the daughters of the said An thony
(Chancery Lib. C . D .,fol . An thony LeCompte and
Esther, his“wife, had issue
1 . John LeCompte, e ldest son ; born, 1662 ; d ied, 170 5 ;marr ied Ann
,daughter of Robert Winsmore
,and had issue.
2 . Moses LeCompte, of who-m further .
3 . Ph i l ip LeCompte, d ied unmarr ied .
4 . An thon y LeCompte,marr ied Margaret Beckwith ; d ied,170 5 leaving issue .
5 . Esther LeCompte, marr ied,I , Henry Fox ; 2 , Wil l iam
Sk inner .
6. Kather ine LeCompte, marr ied, 1 , James Culins ; 2 ,
Thomas. B ruff.
Moses LeCompte ( I ) was the son of An thony and Esther .
His wife’
s name was Mary and the accoun t of the fami lydrawn up in 18 19 by Thomas and Dan ie l LeCompte statesthat she was a Skinner, daughter of old Skinner from E ng
land that took up the land now owned by Joseph Byus.
”
Th is statemen t is doubt less cor rect, as the who le accountis unusua l ly accurate, and Mrs . LeCompte was, in all proba
bility, the daughter of Thomas Skinner. who patented Skinner
’
s Cho i ce” in 1670 . For some part i cu lars abou t th is fami ly, see the appended notes. Moses LeCompte ( 1) died in172 0 . By Mary Skinner, his wife, he had issue eleven chi ldren, vi z
1 . Phi l ip LeCompte, d ied unmarr ied .
2 . Moses LeCompte of whom further.
3 . Thomas LeCompte, died unmarri ed .
4 . Peter LeCompte, marr ied B rannock .
364 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
Moses LeCompte son of Mos es (3 ) and Nancy, hiswife, was born in O ctober, 1748, and d ied O ctober 2 2 , 1800 .
At the t ime o f the Revo lu t ion he embraced the patr io t i csi de and in January, 1776, was appoin ted Secon d Lieu tenan tin the Dor chester Coun ty Mi l i t ia . He was comm iss ionedFebruary 12
,1776, F irst Lieutenan t in Capt . Joseph Rob
son’
s Minu te Comp-any, and 24th May fo l lowing was
appoin ted to the same posi t ion in -Capt . Denwood H icks’
Comp-any (Md . Arch ives,xi
,1 10 ,
15 3 , He was twi cemarr ied . By his first wi fe
,Miss Edmonson, of Talbo t
Coun ty, he had one daughter1 . Nan cy LeCompte, marr ied H enry Keene, of Dor
chester Coun ty,and had issue .
The secon d wife of Moses LeCompte (4) was ElizabethWoo dward, born 1763 ; died, 17th O ctobe r, 180 3 . Probablydaughter of B enjam in Woodward . They had issue :
1 . Moses LeCompte, d ied young.
2 . Moses LeCompte, died young.
3 . Moses LeCompte, d ied you ng.
4 . John LeCompte, d ied young.
5 . Benjam in Woo dward LeCompte, born 28th. Ju ly, 1787 ;d ied, 2 0 th November, 182 2 .
6 . Samue l Woodward LeCompte, born 2 4th Novem
ber,1796 ; d ied , 29th January, 1862 ; Captai n U . S . Navy ;
marr ied Mary R . Eccleston , of Cambr i dge, Md .
7 . Elizabeth LeCompte, born 6th March,1783 ; d ied, 2 1st
September, 1809 ; married James Pat t ison . (See genealogy .)8 . Ame l ia LeCompte, born 2 5 th November , 1794 ; d ied,
1832 .
9 . Margaret LeCompte, born 2 2 d O ctober, 1799 ; d ied,
7th Ju ly, 187 1 .
NOTE S .
An thon y LeCompte, o f Dorset Coun ty, Md .,be ing si ck
and weak ; wil l dated 9th September, proven 2 5 th O ctober,1673 . Eldest son of John LeCompte . My three sons,
Moses, Ph i l ip and An thony LeCompte ; e l dest daughter,Hester LeCompte ; daughter Katherine LeCompte ; to N i ch
THE LECOMPTES 365
o las Tr ipp be quest of a cow ; wife, H ester LeCompte, execu
tr ix . (Annapo l is Wills, Lib. 1,fo-l .
Moses LeCompte, of Dorchester Coun ty ; wil l dated J anuary 4, 17 17, proven 15 th March,
172 0 . Sons, Ph i l ip,Thomas and Samue l LeC ompte ; sons, Moses and PeterLeCompte ; my three daughters, Esther, Mary and Elizabeth LeCompte ; my wife and three sons execu tors . (Annapol is Wills
,Lib . 16, fo l .
Moses LeCompte, testamentary bond in common form by
Mary LeCompte, Ph i l ip,Samuel and Joseph LeCompte, his
execu tors, wi th John Brannock and Neh . Beck, suret ies in
40 0 pounds sterl ing ; dated 2 oth Mar ch, 172 0 . (Test . Proc .
Lib . 24, fol .
Skinner’s Cho i ce , 2 50 acres,surveyed 3 I st March, 1670 ,
for Thomas Skinne r . P o-ssessor Thomas Skinner,son of sa i d Thomas. (Dor chester County Ren t Ro l ls .)
10 th February, 1675 , Elizabeth,wid ow of Thomas Skinner,late of Dorchester County, deceased, in testate, took out
let ters of adm in istrat ion on h is es tate . Hen ry B eckwith,
bondsman . Steph en Gary and Arthur Wright , Appraisers.
(Test . Proc . Lib. 7, fol .
13th June, 1678, El izabeth B eckwi th,widow and adm in
istratrix of Thomas Skinner, late of Dor chester Cou n ty,deceased, exh ib i ted accoun t . (Test . Pro c . Lib. I O,
fo l .
Thomas Skinner (son of above Thomas) made his wil l 2 9th
January, 170 5 , and i t was proven 6th November , 170 7 . He
men t ions his son , Mart in,his three daughters
,El izabe th,
Anne and Marv all under sixteen years ; his bro thers- in - law ,
Thomas B rannoc k and Hugh Eccleston . He leaves a
bequest of a he i fer to Hannah Harman . H is son Mart in
is appo in ted execu tor . (Annapo l is Wil ls, Lib. 12 . fo l .
12 th June, 17 18,Moses LeCompte . J r . , to his father
Moses LeCompte, Sr . , bi l l of sale o f a negro . (Dorchester
Co . Rec . Lib. 7, Old fol .
1 l th August , 173 1 , Moses LeCompte and Levina, h is wife,to our loving son, Mat thew Dr iver on e—ha l f “The Grove”
366 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
on James Is land . (See Pat t ison fami ly .) (Dorche ster Co .
Rec . , Lib . 8, old fol .
2 7th May, 175 1, Mo ses LeCompte and Rebecca his wife,to Henry B rannock all their r ight in “Head Range in Dor
chester County, der ived from the last wi l l and testamen t ofPeter Stokes,
1 father o f sa i d Rebecca . (Dorchester CO .
Rec . Lib . 14, o ld fo l .
8th March, 1768, Mos es LeCompte to his three grandsons,Levin Cator, Will iam Geoghegan and Moses Geoghegan,
one-ha l f “LeCompte
’
s Addit ion ”on James Island . (Dor
chester C0 1
. Rec .,Lib . 2 2 , o ld fol .
Samue l LeCompte ( 1) and Aram in ta, his wife. Ch i ldren,
V i z :
1 . Edward P . LeCompte,married Emi ly Wh i te .
2 . Margaret LeCompte, unmarried .
3 . Aram in ta Lecompte, unmarr ied .
4 . Samue l D . LeCompte (Judge )Ch i ldren of Edward P . and Emi ly (Wh i te) his wife :1 . Mary LeCompte, unmarr ied .
2 . Edward W . LeCompte, marr ied El izabeth Wal l ; no
ch i ldren .
3 . Henriet ta T . LeCompte, unmarr ied .
4 . Harr iet Anne LeCompte, unmarried .
5 . Tho-mas T . LeCompte, unmarr ied .
Am unable to fix per iod in LeCompte genealogy whereSamue l the grandfather of Mr . Edward W . LeCompte
shou l d be placed .
THE MARINE FAM ILY .
Amon g the ear l iest sett lers of Dorchester County was
a fam i ly whose name has be en variously spe l t as many other
fam i ly names have been don e in numerous ways, Mareen,
l P eter Stokes , devised in h is w i ll , dated 27th February , 1710 , provedJune 1 , 1712 , 5 0 acres of Head Range
”to h is grand son , Peter Stokes,
and the remainder of the tract to h is daughter , Rebecca S tokes” (Annapo l isW i lls, Lib. 17 , fol .
368 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
Resid ing on the Western. Shore of Maryland in co lon ia lt imes, was a fami ly of s imi lar name, wh i ch in surname has
long since become ext inct ; they were connect ion s of the
Eastern Shore Mar ines.
Wil l iam M er ine wro te his name as here given in h is lastwi l l, a copy of wh i ch is on file in the office of the RegisterofWi l ls at Annapo l is ; he died in 1767 . O f him
, the ear l iestand most complete in format ion is obtainab le . He was born
pr ior to 170 0 ; his wife’
s name has. been lost ; they had the
fol lowing ch i ldren John, Matthew, Char les, Zorobable,
James, David, Wil l iam, Janet and Easter . The l ine of d e
scen t cannot be traced in all its ram ificat ion s. The fo l lowing have been secured
Zorobable Marain , as he lapsed in to subscribing his name,
was born in 1738 and d ied in 182 3 ; he was a farmer, landowner, and owner of a saw and gr ist m i l l near Federa lsburgwhi ch he inheri ted from his father who erected the first m i llin that local i ty . He was a man of influen ce in the commu
n ity, and possessed as was his bro ther s, of grea t physi ca lstrength and se l f-wi l l ; he had knowledge in surveying ; his
wife was Mary Fran c is Heyward, daughter of Thomas Hey
ward ; they had the fo l lowing ch i l dren : Wil l iam, Anna,Mat thew, Mary, Easter, Heyward, Sarah, Rhod a, John and
Char les .
From an o ld memo randum boo k of 1765 , used by Zorobable, now in possession of on e of his descendan ts, has been
gleaned the fo l lowing names of person s who : were his neigh
bor s and con temporar ies : John Wilson ,Nehem iah Cochm,
James F let cher, Beauohamp Harper, Levin iRlorlinxsaon,
‘
J .R i chardson, J r . , Thomas Kilby, Wil l iam Wheat ley, SpencerWaters, James Ph i l l ip-s, John Stokes, Char les Ro bb ins,Nehem iah B eauchamp, Fran cis Heyward
,James Wr ight,
Charles Cannon, Laban Jones , Levi Anderton B rown,James
B irckhead, John Smoot , Levin Wr ight and James Layton .
A few of the en tr ies in the bo ok prove interest ing. Hogsran at large ; Zo robable
’
s had th is mark— “The mark of hogs
be lon ging to Zorobable Marain is, the ri ght ear cut off and
THE MARINES 369
sl i t on the left ear, ho le and long . Ano the r no te is th is“Fran cis Heyward the thi rd, was born in the yearSt i l l ano ther was,
“February came on the fi fth day of the
week . The secon d fast day is the 1 l th day of the mon th .
”
Among his o ld rece ipts his name was written invariablyMarine ; a way used by several of those of his kindred
“
. A
cur ious en try was thi s on e to a workman’
s credit : “To one
mon th’
s work at 2 5 5 . i f all goo d weather .
”
The late Col . Jacob Wi lson , a prom inen t count ian, who
represen ted i t in the Legislature,who was a S lave—ho lder , anddur ing his l i fe a popu lar ci ti zen ; who di ed without issueabou t the commencemen t of o ur C ivi l War at an advancedage, remembered Zorobable, he having resi ded near him in
the Fork D is tri ct : he was in the habi t of tel l ing th is current
story o f his t ime : Zorobable was having a gr ist m i l l repairednear Federa lsburg ; he rode down . to the mi l l where some
workmen had lod ged a si l l and cou ld not right l t ' dismounting, he walked to where they were and said , Get away,weaklin-gs ;
”and pu t t ing his shou lder benea th the '
s i l l he d islodged i t and placed i t in pos i t ion ; hi s shirt be came imbeddedin the flesh of hi s shoulder , whi ch garmen t he loosen ed, andmoun ting his horse rod e off.
Wi l l iam, Zo-robable
’
s son , l i ved on an estate received fromh is father, known as the
“Fisher Farm,
”near Crotche r
’
s
Fer ry . He marr ied Mary F letcher ; they had the fol lowi ngch i ldren : F let cher, born: in 1788 ; Levi ca, Mary
,Matthew,
Wil l iam, Sarah, Charles, Zorobable and J am-es.
There is the fol lowing paragraph con tai ned in Ne lson’
s
History o f Ba l t imore, to be found in the l i fe of e-x-Co l lect'oro i' the Port , Wil l iam M . Mar ine , who is the great-grandsono fWi l l iam and Mary, wh ich we quo te :
“Wi l l iam Merine, farmer, Zorobable’
s son , was marr iedto Mary F letcher,who was descended from the New Englandfami ly to wh i ch Grace F letcher, wi fe of Dan ie l Websterbelonged . Thomas C. F let cher, a Un ion man and ex-War
Governor of Missouri, is a nat ive of Dorchester Coun ty, Md .,
and a scion of the old fami ly of that name in that coun ty . In
24
370 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
a letter to the subject of th is sket ch fourteen th January, 1896he wro te : ‘I figure i t out that your great-grandmother,
Mary F let cher , was the daughter of John F let cher who wasbro ther to my grandfather Thomas F letcher . I am a mem
ber of the New England Fam i ly Asso ciation .
Matthew,Will iam’
s son , was born Augus t 19, 1797, on
the“F isher Farm he was marri ed to Nan cy Ro l l ins
,Apr i l
9, 18 18 . She was the daughter of John Rol l ins and his wifeMary Mez z ick. The given names of John ’
s father and
mo th er wiere Luke and . Leah . L uke’
s father was Isaac
whose father was Jewe l, a Huguen o t from Fran ce, who set
tled in Northwest Fork where his ch i l dr en were born .
Mat thew, after marr iage resided near Walnut Land ing ;in ear ly l i fe he t ired of farming and abandon ed i t ; he sett ledin Sharptown when i t was a ham let and gave to i t its firstboom. in growth ; he merchand ised and was a landed propr ietor, own ing the largest fleet of schooners of any on e person
on the Nan t i coke ; they ran from Sharptown to Bal t imor e .
He died in 1854 . From his un ion with Nan cy, the fo l low ingchi ld ren were born : Po l ly M .
,F let cher El l io tt, Vasht i,who
was twioe marr ied, her firs t husband being Osborn Adams,
her second John Twi for d ; Nan cy E ., wi fe of Major Robinson ; Martha, wife of Hen ry Rol l ins ; Mat thew Washington ,
Wi l l iam John , Margaret A . and Sarah Jane, wife of Thomas
J . Twil ley. Po l ly M. , Matthew W . and“ Margaret A . d ied
be for e reach ing lega l age.
F letcher Ell iot t, son of Matthew, was born in SussexCoun ty, Del ., near the Maryland and De laware l ine
,March
2 1,182 1 . He marr ied Hester Elean or Know les, daughter
of Wil l iam Knowles,of Sussex Coun ty
,Del . He com
menced l i fe in the servi ce of his father and left i t in 1847to condu ct bus iness for h imse l f, mer chandising in Viennaun t i l 1854 ; in the fal l of that year he moved to Ba l t imore,
where he conduc ted business un t i l his death in 1889. I t wasnot as a rel iable bus iness man on ly tha t he was best known,
but for his works of re l igion and ben evo len ce ; an ordain edlocal preacher, having recei ved deacon ’
s and eld er’5 . orders
372 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
Mr . Mari ne l ived in Vienna from 1847 to 1854 ; he first
a t tend ed schoo l in that vi l lage, Squ ire Smi th be ing hi s firs-t
prec eptor .
Wil l iam John Mar ine, son of Mat thew, was educated at
Dickinson Co l lege ; studied law under Thomas Y . Wa lsh and
was admi t ted to the Bal t imor e Bar in 1856. The same
year he moved to Kansas where he rema ined t i l l the late
C ivi l War when he set t led in Missour i, where be ed ited a
newspaper devoted to the cause of the Un ion . He saw
servi ce in a Un ion Missou ri Regimen t ; he edited the firs tdai ly newspaper in Tennessee, pub
-lished at Chattanooga.
He subsequen t ly returned to Mary land and edi ted a news
paper at Por t Toba cco .
Th is sket ch is imperfect and does not comprehend the
en t ire members-hip o f the fam i ly . Some of the ea r l iest Scionsmoved Wes t, others died in ch i ldhoo d . Th ere are bran chesof the fam i ly yet extan t in the Northwest Fork, wh i ch sprang
ori gina l ly from some one of those names hereto fore men.
tioned , of whom Zorobable Marin e, Wil l iam H . Marine and
James Mar ine are descended from Zorobable, son ofWil l iam .
The fam i ly was on ce numerous in Sussex Coun ty, Del .,
but is now ext in ct in name in that local i ty . In. the latter
part of 170 0 and the ear ly part o f 180 0 ,membe rs of the
fam i ly remov ed from the Eastern Shore to North Caro
l ina and Ohio . Some of the Nor th Caro l in ian s foun d theirway to Indiana, where thei r descendan ts are l iving at the
pr esent t ime, of whom is James Wh i tcomb R i ley, whos emother was Elizabeth Marine ; from her he c la imed to haverece ived his poeti ca l talen t . The late Rev . Abijah Mar ine,a learned and e loquent d ivine of the M ethod ist Church,
and
the late John C . M er ine, one of the d istinguished i por tra i t
pain ters of Ameri ca, and Abijah’
s un cle, are of the same
fam i ly .
The re l igious proc l ivi t ies of the fam i ly have be en affectedby the various chan ges wh i ch from t ime to t ime spread overthe pen insu la When George Fox visi ted the Eastern Shore
,
under h is instrumen ta l i ty severa l of them became con ver ts
TH E PATTISON S 373
to his fai th ; when Francis Asbury planted M ethodism in the
same lo ca l i ty, on the ember s of Quaker ism, they gathe redin tha t fo ld wher e the most of them have since rema ined;The record s of the Par ish of Vienna Episcopa l Chur ch con
ta ins the names of some of them . The h istor i c MethodistChurch, Moor
’
s Chapel, in De laware, plan ted by Mr. Asbury,had Cha r les Marine as on e of its first trustees ; hesedate o ld gen t leman and wor e Quaker garb
, who
took an affron t, al though be longing to a re l igi on of peace
he d id not hesitate to use his cane when it became necessary .
The fam i ly had its represen tat ives in the Revo lu t ionaryWar . Dur ing the late Civi l War several o f them were inthe Federa l Army from th is S tate, wh i le those from NorthCaro l ina were in the Con federate Army .
PATT ISON FAM ILY .
(D ata from J . S . S . )
Thomas Pat t ison , the an ces tor of th is fam i ly,came to
Ma ryland in 167 1 and set t led in Dorchester Coun ty December 2 0 ,
167 1 . He proved h is r ight to 40 0 acres for trans
por t ing in to the province h imse l f, Ann Pat t ison (his wi fe) ,James, Jacob, Pr isc i l la and Ann Patt ison. (h is ch i ldren) andtwo servants. (Land O ffice ,
Lib. I 6,fo l io He was
appo in ted Apr i l 2 1, 1688, hi s Lordsh ip’
s Attorney for Dor
chester Coun ty . (Md . Archives, vi i i , He di ed in 170 1,
and his wife Ann in 170 2 . He was, in 1689, C lerk of Dor
chester Coun ty Court . They had issue :1 . James Pat t ison , of who-m further .
2 . Jacob Pat t ison .
3 . Thomas Pat t ison,born 1672 ; d ied , 1743 ; married Mary,
daughter of Co l . St . Leger Codd,and left issu e .
4 . Pr isci l la, marr ied 1,Nathan ie l Mann ing ; 2 ,
Taylor.
5 . Elizabe th, marr ied John Robson .
6 . Ann Pat t ison .
7 . Joan Patt ison .
374 H ISTORY OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
8 . Levina Pat t ison,marr ied, 1, Mat thew Dr iver ; 2 ,
Moses
LeCompte .
9. Sarah Pat t ison ,married John Abbott .
Jam es Pat t ison, e ldest son of Thomas and Ann,l ived to
an‘
advanced ol d age . In 172 3 he gives h is age as 65 years .
(Chan cery, Lib. P .L .
,In 1742
-
43 he states that he is 80odd , and in 1746 his age is given as 92 or 93 . (DorchesterCo . Rec . Lib. O ld 14, 44, There is a d iscrepan cy here,but i t is eviden t tha t he must have been born be tween 1654and 1658 . He d ied in 1747 . By Mary his wi fe he had issue :
1 . John Pat t ison ,born between 1688 and 1694 ; died 1774,
leaving issue.
2 . Jacob Pat t ison , of whom fur ther .
3 . Will iam Pat t ison .
4 . R i chard Pat t ison .
5 . Thomas Pat t ison .
6 . Ann Pat t ison,marr ied H i l len of Calvert Coun ty .
7 . El izabe th Pat t ison .
8 . Prisc i l la Pat t ison,married Dr iver.
Jaco b Pat t ison, son o f Jame s and Mary,died the year
1772 . By Sarah , his wife, he had issue :
1 . Jerem iah Pat t ison,of whom further .
2 . Jacob Patt ison,d ied unmarried 1776.
3 . R i chard Pat t ison .
4 . Wil liam Patt ison .
5 . Thomas Jame s Pat t ison .
6 . Nancy Pat t ison,marr ied James Woo lford .
7 . Mary Pat t ison .
8 . Pr isc i l la Patt ison .
Jerem iah Pa tt ison son of Jacob an d Sarah died in the
year 18 14 . He marri ed in 1759 Nan cy LeCompte, daughter
o f Moses and had issue as given in his wi l l
1 . Samuel Pat t ison .
2 . James Pat t ison , born 2sth August, 1772 ; marr ied,1,
Elizabeth LeCompte ; 2 ,Mrs. Nancy Vi ckers ; 3 , Sa l l ie Woo l
ford .
376 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
3 . H enry Pat t ison .
4 . Wil l iam Pat t ison .
5 . Pr isc i l la Pat t ison born 3d March,June
,1845 ; marr ied James Hooper.
6. Nancy Pat t ison .
7 . Rebe cca Pat t ison .
8 . Margaret Pat t ison .
9. Aure l ia Patt ison .
10 . Mary Pat t ison .
1 1 . Sarah Pat t ison .
NOTE S .
Thomas Pat t ison , Sen ,of J am-es Island Dorchester
Coun ty, wi l l proved 10 th Apr i l, 170 1, e ldes t son James ,
second son Jacob, young est son Thomas, e l dest daughterPr isci l la. Mann ing, second daughter Elizabeth Robson ,
th irddaughter Joan , fou rth daughter Levina Dri ver. youngestdaughter Sarah, adopted daughter Mary Jacob , wife Ann
,
Execu tr ix . (Annapo l is Wills, Lib. 1 1, fol .
Ann Pat t ison , widow of Thomas Patt ison , O-f Dorchester
Coun ty,wil l dated 2 1st January, 170 1, proved 2 7th February,170 2 . Eldest son Jame s Pat t ison , son Jacob Pat t ison ,
daughters Jane and Sarah,daughter Elizabeth Robson ,
d aughter Levina Dr ive r, son Thomas, daughter Pr isci l laMann ing . (Annapol is Wil ls, Lib. 1 1, fo l .
24th Apr i l , 17 16. Inven tory of Mat thew Dr iver, Of Dor
chester County, exh ibi ted . 2 d June, 17 18, Levina Dr iver,Adm in istrat rix of Ma t thew Driver, ci ted to accoun t . (TestPro c . Lib . 2 3 , fo l . 3 5 ,
1 1th August,173 1 . Mose s LeCompte and Levina his
wife,to
“our loving son ,
Mat thew Dr iver, on e ha l f ye TheGrove’
on James’ I sland . (Dor . Co . Record Lib . o ld 8,
fol .
The Grove . 150 acres, surveyed l oth January, 167 1,
for Thomas Pa t t ison . Possessor Matthew Dri ver ,who marr ied Pat t ison
’
s daughter . (Dorchester C0 . Ren tRo l l .)
THE PATTISON S 377
2 7th O ctober, 1739 . James Pat t ison, of DorchesterCounty, plan ter, and Mary, his wife, to h is Ch i ldren, Jacob,
Elizabeth, Wil l iam and R i chard Patt ison, 10 0 acres, part Of“Armstrong
’
s Quarter,”on Taylor ’
s Island ; part of“Dover”
(except the use of the Old plan tat ion , wh i ch I give to mydaughter, Ann e H e l l ings, o-f Ca lvert County) ; 2 0 0 acres,
part o f“Esqui re’
s Chance, &c .
,&c . (Dor . Co . Rec . Lib .
old 10,fo l .
James Patt ison ,wi l l dated 7th July, proved 5 th. March
1747 . To John Pat t ison 10 0 a cres on James’
Island, to
Will iam and R i chard Pat t ison 100 acres on same island,w i fe Mary, daughter Arm, to El izabe th Pat t ison , land on
Taylor’
s I sland, part of“Armstron g’
s Fol ly,”to Thomas
Pat t ison 100 acres, part of same tract, to Pr isci l la Dr iver, 5sh i l l ings, wife Mary
,Executrix . (Annapol is Wil ls, Lib. 2 5 ,
fo l .
Jacob Pat t ison , of Dor chester Cou n ty, wil l dated 14th
May, proved 24th August, 1772 ; son Jerem iah Pat t ison ,
sons J acob, R i chard, Wil l iam and Thomas James Pat t ison ;daughters Nancy, Woo l ford and Mary, Betty, and Pri sci l la
Pat t ison ; wife Sarah and sons Jacob and R i chard, Executors.
(Annapol is Wil ls, Lib. 38, fo l .
Jacob Patt ison,wil l dated 2 I st March, proved 2 5 th June,
1776 ; my four bro'
rth'
ers Jeremiah ,R i chard, Wi l l iam and
Thomas J am-es Pat t ison ,my fou r sisters Nancy Woo l ford,
and Mary, Elizabeth and Pr isci l la Pat t ison,my mother,
Sarah Patt ison,Executrix . (Annapo l is Wil ls, Lib. 4 1, fo l .
Jerem iah Pat t ison , of Dor chester County, wi l l dated 17th
January, proved 29th August, 18 14 ; son Samue l,minor son
\Vi lliam , son James, son H enry, daugh ter Pr isc i l la Hooper,
residuary legatees are son Will iam and daughter s Nancy,Rebecca, Margaret, Aure l ia,
Mary, and Sarah Pat t ison ; wifeand son Henry,Execu tor s . (Dorchester Coun ty Wi l ls, Lib .
T . H . H . ,fo l .
378 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
Jerem iah Pat t ison,son of Jacob and Sarah
,marr ied in
1759, Nan cy LeCompte, daughter of Moses LeCompte (4)and Elizabe th Woodward . Their ch i ldren :
1 . Pr isc i l la, born March 3 , 1761 .
2 . Jame s, born August 2 0 ,177 1 ; marr ied Elizabeth Le
Compte December 8, 180 2 .
3 . H enry, born January 18, 1773 .
James Pat t ison , son of Jerem iah and Nancy (LeCompte)Pat t ison,
marr ied El izabeth LeCompte . The ir ch i ldren :
1 . Jerem iah LeCompte Pat t ison ,born January 4, 1804.
2 . Moses L. Pat t ison , born February 2 1, 180 6.
3 . Ann e Elizabeth, born January 4, 1807 .
4 . Margaret W . Pat t ison,born September 2 1
,1809.
James. Pat t ison , second wife was Nancy H earn, widow,
née Vickers, married March 5 , 18 12 . Their chi l dren were1 . George W . Pat t ison
,born 18 12
,died in fan t .
2 . Emi ly W . Pa t t ison ,born May 2 0 , 18 14 ; marr ied Wi l
l iam W . B erkley,Virgin ia .
3 . Mary Ann Pa tt ison ,born Ju ly 28, 18 15 ; secon d wi fe of
James Bryan .
4 . Henr iet ta Pat t ison,born Apr i l 7, 18 17 ; wi fe of John
T . Stewart .
5 . Will iam H . Pat t ison,born January 3, 18 19.
6 . Thomas James Pat t ison , born September 15 , 182 1 .
7 . Sa rah Caro-l ine Patt ison , born June 12,182 7 ; wife o f
George B ryan,Virgin ia .
8 . Martha Jane Pat t ison,born January 2 1
,1832 .
Jerem iah L . Pat t ison married Ann LeCompte Hooper,
first wi fe . The ir ch i ldren :
I . Pr isci l la El izabe th,
1 born November 1 1,182 7, married
Caleb Lo ckwood Shepherd, born November 18, 18 12,Au
gust I 1849.
1 See Shepherd Chart for ch i ldren of Pr isc i l la E l izabeth Pattison and
Caleb Lockwood Shepherd . D irect d escent of Shepherd i s ind icated bynames in italics.
380 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
2 . Mary Carol ine Pat t ison,marri ed Rob inson W . Cator ,
Bal t imore.
3 . Anne Hooper Pat t ison ,marr ied Rober t L . Spi lman ,
V irgin ia .
4 . Alec ia Pat t ison,unmarried .
Jerem iah L Pat t ison,married Harr iet A . Keene, secon d
wi fe, March 9, 185 3 . The ir ch i ldren :
1 . Everard K . Pat t ison ,marr ied Fan n ie Post
,Virgin ia .
2 . Margaret Keene Pat t ison,marr ied Wilbu r F . Sm i th,
Bal t imore, Md .
JOHN R . PATTI SON AND HIS ANCE STRY .
B eginn ing with Jerem iah Pa t t ison , of the Patt ison fam i lyof Dor ches ter Coun ty
, who marr ied in 1759, Nan cy Lo
Compte, daughter of Mose s LeCompte a lateral branchin their son Samue l Pa t t ison , ori ginates that. is traceab le toJohn R . Pat t ison
,above-named .
Samue l Patt ison marr ied Anne Skinner. Their chi ldrenvvere :
1 . John R . Pat t ison,marr ied, 1
, Mary A . Borroughs ; 2 ,
Em i ly J . de Val l in .
2 . Robert H . Pat t ison,marr ied Kather ine Woo l ford .
(Th ey were the paren ts of ex-Governor Robe rt E . Pat t ison,
of Pennsylvan ia )3 . Elizabeth Pat t ison ,
married Levin H . Stewart .
4 . Lenhart Pat t ison , marr ied Augustus Hooper .
John R . Patt ison and Mary A . Borro-ughs, his first wife,had issue :
I . Ann ie TImmons
2 . Harr iet Toadvine .
3 . Samue l S .
4 . James B .
5 . John R .
John R . Pat t ison and Emi ly J . d eVallin, his second wife,had issue, name ly :
1 . Mary Yates .
2 . Hugh D .
DR. F . B . PHELPS—THE RICHARDSON S 381
John R . Pat t ison , son o f John R . and Mary A . Bor roughs,his wife, is a d irect offspr ing from three colon ial fam i l ies of
Dor chester Coun ty, viz : Patt ison s,LeComptes and Skin
ners . He is a lead ing membe r o f the bar at Cambr i dgein h is nat ive coun ty and a loca l attorney for the P ennsylvan ia Ra i lroad Company . He was e lected State ’
s Attorneyfor Dorchester Coun ty in 1887 for four years and was a mem
ber of the House of De legates of Maryland, session s 190 0
and 190 1 . At the extra. session of the Legislature,he ld in
190 1, he vo ted against the repeal of the e lect ion law wh i chthen au thor i zed the use o f the emblemat i c) Austra l ian ba l lo t .Mr . Patt ison marr ied Miss Li ll ian Stapleforte ; they have no
surviving ch i ldren .
DR . F . P . PHELPS, SR .
Francis P . Phe lps was born in Sussex Coun tyDel . January H is father, Asahe l Phe lps was
born in Con necti cu t, and traced his l ineage far back to theear ly co lon ia l per iod . He was a Revo lu t ion ary soldier and
was severe ly wounded at the batt le of B randywine . FrancisP . Phelps graduated in medi cine in 18 19 ; set t led in Fed eralsburg, Md , where he practi ced medi c ine unt i l 1833 ; wh i lel iving there he was e lected a. Member of the House Of Delegates in 1828 . After moving to Cambr i dge, he took mo re
in terest in pol i t i ca l affairs, and was elected to the House of
De legates in 1839, 1842 ; to the Senate 1844-
48, 1861, and to
the House 1867 . In 1875 , he was aga in e lected to the Sen ateof Maryland . He died November 18, 1886, in Cambr i dge,Md .
THE R ICHARDSON FAM ILY
(By M rs . H ester Dorsey R i chardson ) .
Amon g the ear l iest set t lers of impor tan ce came the R i chard sons,' of England, and recei ved thousands of acres of landfor br inging co lon ists in to the province.
382 H I STOR Y OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
The Land Warran ts at Annapo l is bear record that be tweenthe years 1636 and 1695 , paten ts for n ine ty thou sand on e
hundred and seven teen acres of land were issued from thatoffice to. the var iou s R i chardson s who arr ived be tween thoseyears .
The fact that they not on l y came indepen den t ly, but also
pai d the transport ing of hundreds of less for tunate set t lers,proved them to have been men of wea l th and en terprise .
Certain i t is that they at on ce he ld offices of importan ce,bo th c ivi l and m i l i tary, for as ear ly as. 1636, in the records o f
the ear l iest Assembly proc eedings extan t, John R i chardsonappears as a member of the Assembly or House of Burgesses .
The year fol lowing he is a Judge of the Provinc ial Court ,he ld at
“Ye Citie of St . Mar ie'
s,” then the capita l of the
provin ce .
In the year 1669 the fo l low ing comm ission was issued toanother of the name :
“Char les Calvert, E sq . , .to Capt . George R i chardson , o-f
Talbot Coun ty, Greet ing . Acco rd ing to the power to me byH is Lordsh ip Ceci l ius Comm i t ted, and upon the spe cialtrust and confiden ce I have in you r fidel i ty, c ircumspe ct ion ,
courage and goo-d con duct , I hereby ordaine, con st i tu te and
appoin t you Captain under me of all that troop of horse thatshal l march out of Choptank and St . Michae ls R iver, Ta lbotCoun ty .
”
A l i t t le later, Major Thomas R i chardson , of Bal t imore
Coun ty, dist ingu i shed h imse l f in the Indian Wars, wh i le h isfathe r, Wil l iam R i chardson , of Anne Arunde l Coun ty, wasserving his cou n ty as member of the House of Burgessesthe chosen bearer o f messages from the Engl ish Par l iamen tfrom the Lower to the Upper House of the Assembly .
Th is dist ingu ished offic ial, the; direct an cestor of the Talbot,Caro l ine and Dorchester Coun ty R i chardson s, was the friendof Wil l iam Penn who,
dur ing hi s visi t to Maryland in 1682 ,
visited the home ofWil l iam R i chardson , on West R iver, fromwh i ch, in company with. the Lord and Lady Ba l t imore, withtheir ret inue, they all proc eeded to a year ly meet ing at Tred
384 H ISTOR Y OF DORCHESTER COUNTY
of the coun ty . For many years he was Treasurer of the
Eastern Shore of Maryland .
In the year 1773 , Caro l ine Coun ty was cut off o f Do-r
chester, after wh i ch the Colone l found h imse l f a res i den t ofthe new coun ty .
In the year 1776, Co l . Wil l iam R i chardson resi gned hisseat in the Con st i tu t iona l Conven t ion in favor of Thomas
Johnson , of Anne Arunde l Coun ty, who had refused to servein the Con ven t ion und er the instruct ions of his con st i tuen ts.
Co lone l R i chardson conveyed one o f his farms to Johnson to
give him a resi dence in Caro l ine and then had the lat terreturned to the Conven t ion in his place because he consideredJoh nson ’
s servi ces necessary to the we l fare of the people .
Ano ther bran ch of the R i chardson s who own ed con sider
able lan d in Dorchester Coun ty and who were registered as
gen t lemen of London , set t led first in Talbo t Coun ty about172 5 . These men
,Anthon y and Thom-as R i chardson , were
un cles of S ir An thony Bacon , of Glamorgansh ire,Wa les,whol ived in Ta lbot Coun ty and ac ted as guardian to An thon yR i cha rdson ’
s son s, An thony, J r .,and Thomas Dickin son
R i chardson,studen ts at Oxford , England .
After An thony Bacon,of Ta lbo t Coun ty, returned to E ng
land,he was kn ighted and resi ded in Wa les un t i l hi s death .
He left to his n iece, the daughter of Thomas Bacon , O-f Talbot
Coun ty, Th is n iece marr ied Watk ins Pri ce, o f
Breco-n,Wales .
The Harwoo ds, o f Ta lbo t Coun ty, and the. P assopai fam
ilies, of Dorchester. descend in the ir materna l l ines from
n ieces of S ir An thony Bacon .
Thom-as R i cha rdson wa s one of H is Lordsh ip’
s Just i ces
of the Ta lbo t Coun ty Cou rt in 1726 in company with Mr .
Dan ie l Sherwoo d , Robert Go ldsborough, N i cho las Go l ds
borough, Mr . C layton and George Rob inson .
On August 2 , 172 6, Char les Calvert addressed a let ter to
these gen t lemen approving the ir dec ision in a certain case
and of the ir condu ct at all t imes .
HON . J AM ES S . SHEPHERD 385
The seat o f the Talbo t Coun ty R i chardson s in Englandwas at Wh i te Haven, Cumber land Coun ty .
In England the R ichardson s are among the oldest and mostd ist ingu ished fam i l ies in the realm . In the Peerage theyrank seventy-secon d ou t Of n ine hundred pee rs .
As ear ly as 163 1, S ir Thomas R i chardson was Chi ef Just i ceof the King
’
s Ben ch .
Th e presen t Secretary of the O rder of the Th ist le, theh ighest and mos t exclusive order of Scot land, is S ir Thomas
Smeaton R i chardson . Th is O rder is composed o f the Kingand fou rteen Kn ights, and is the Oldest in Sco t land . S ir
Thomas. l ives at P itfern Cast le, Perth, and is membe r of the
London c lubs, su ch as the Car l ton,etc .
The late Attorney—General , George R i chardson ,Of the
Western Shor e, was a desce ndan t of Wil l iam R i chardson ,
the first, of Anne Arunde l Coun ty, who has left a lon g arrayo f dist ingu ished descendants in the Sou th and West in addit ion to the many who have served with honor on the fiel dand in the leg is lat ive hal ls of the ir nat ive State .
HON . JAMES s . SHEPHERD .
Hon James S . Shepherd , son of Caleb Lo ckwood Shepherd and Pr isci l la Elizabeth (Pat t ison) Shepherd, h is wife,was bo rn March 28, 1858, in Cambr i dge, he grewto manhoo d and was educated, and where he engaged in
mercan ti le bu s iness and o ther en terprises for some years.
He is a l ineal descendan t fro-m two notable co lon ia l fam i l iesof Dorchester Coun ty
,the Pat t isons. an d LeComptes. (See
fam i ly h istory re cords .)In 188 1
,Mr . Sheph erd marr ied Miss El izabe th Ellen Rob
ertson , daughter of Dr . Samuel Robertson and Margare t
(Bal lard) Robertson , of Somerset Coun ty, Md . In 1892 he
was appo in ted Ch ief Depu ty C lerk o f Dorchester Coun tyCourt, a c lerksh ip wh i ch he has he ld ever since, except when
temporar i ly absen t as a member of the House of De legatesof the Genera l Assembly of Maryland , at the session of 190 2 ,
25
386 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
to wh i ch he was elected in November, 190 1 . Mr . Shepherdis a lso a membe r Of the Bar of Dorchester Coun ty Court .He is an. act ive Democ rat , whose po l i t i cal course has everbeen on a high and hon orable plane with in his own partyl ines, and who has h igh ly respected the po l i t i cal r ights of his
Opponen ts in o ther part ies. H is affable manners and obliging d isposi t ion make him a popu lar Court officer . To him
large apprec iat ion and great credi t is due for much hi storyand biography data so cheerfu l ly given for publ i cat ion in th isl im i ted h istory o f Dor chester Coun ty and of some of her
people . Wherever the re ference abbreviat ion s“
J . S . S .
”
appear in th is vo lume, Mr. Shepherd has furn ished mor e or
less data for subject matter there given . He is a membero f the Maryland Histor i ca l So ciety
,and takes mu ch in terest
in local h istory .
RAYMOND STAPLEFORT.
The first Sher iff of Dorchester Coun ty was Raymond Sta
plefort. He came to the P rovin ce of Maryland in 1660 from
what place there is no record, and first set t led on the Western
Shore . He was a Comm issioner for Calvert Coun ty in 1664.
Pr ior to 1666 he marr ied the widow of Thomas May. In
the mon th of May of that year, when an Act was passed to
bu i ld a pr ison at St . Marys for pounds of tobacco , he
offered to bu i l d the pr ison for that amoun t i f he cou ld be
appoin ted keepe r of i t for l i fe . I t is prob-ably that he did not
take the con tract to bu i ld the pr ison on any terms,for , on
Apr i l 16, 1667, a tra ct of land on Taylor’s Island was. surveyedfor him cal led “
The Commencemen t,” that con tained 10 0
acres, and several other tracts at the same t ime . From the
o ffice o f Sher iff in the coun ty in 1669, he was appo in ted one
of the Cou nty Just i ces, and reappo in ted several t imes, but
when a Comm ission er in 1679, complain t was made aga inst
him by severa l person s in Dorchester County, and by the ir
influen ce, he was dism issed by the Governor .
388 H I STORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
THE STEVENS FAM ILY .
Wil l iam Stevens came to Maryland in 165 1 with his
fam i ly . He en tered his r ights 15 th Ju ly, 165 1, for him
se l f, Magdalen , h is wife ; John. and Wil l iam, hi s sons. and
Margaret Aylin ,Will iam Hardin
,Dan ie-l Elsmor e and John
Mark “thi s present year .
”
(Land O ffice Lib. A . B . H . ,fo l .
The en try is made amon g the “demands o f land madeby the inhab itan ts of Patuxen t R iver,
”showing that he
first set t led in what is now Ca lvert Coun ty . Subsequen t ly,however, he removed to. Dorchester Coun ty, o f wh i ch he
was on e of the Just i ces in 1669 . (Md . Arch ives,v, The
year Of h is death is unknown . By Magdalen ,his wife, he
had issu e
1 . John Stevens, O f whom further .
2 . Will iam Stevens, set t led in Calvert Coun ty and leftdescendan ts.
John Stevens, son Of Wil l iam and Magdalen,came to
Mary land wi th his paren ts in 165 1, as shown by the en try Ofr ights. cited
Qabove . He rep
-resented Dorche ster Coun ty inthe Hou se of Burgesses, 1678, 168 1
,1682 . (Md . Arch ives,
vi i, 7 , 12 5 , He ma rried Dorothy
, s ister of Christo
pher Preston . In his wi l l,dated November 4, 1689, proved
November 7, 1692 (Lib . 2 , fo l . he men t ion s the ch i ldren
given be low . H is widow Dorothy made her wi l l November
7 , 1709, and i t was prov ed November 10 , 17 10 . (Lib . W .
B . , fol . She ment ion s her son John Stevens, her
daughter Magda len , widow of James Edmon dson ,her four
grandch i l dren, Wa l ter, Joh anna, Mary and Wil l iam Steven s,ch i l dren Of her son Will iam ,
deceased , and Mary Stevens,the widow of the latter ; her daughter Grade Woo l ford, wife
of James Woo l ford ; her granddaughter Sarah Edmondson ,
and her nephew Thomas Pres ton , son of her brother Chr is
topher Preston . John Stevens and Dorothy (Preston ) h is
w i fe, had issue as fol lows :
1 . John Stevens, o f whom further .
TH E STEVEN S 389
2 . Wil l iam Stevens, youngest son , marr ied , 1700 ,Mary
Pryor ; d ied in 1709, leaving four ch i ldren .
3 . Magdalen Stevens, e ldest daughter, marr ied, 1, James
Edmondson ; 2 , Jacob Lo ckerman .
4 . Grace Stevens,marr ied James Wool ford (see Woo l fordfami ly) .John Stevens, son of John and Doro thy, is ment ioned in
h is father’s wil l as the e ldest son . In a deposi t ion made in1728, he gives his age as fifty-e ight years, so that he was bornin 1670 (Do rches ter Coun ty Lib. 8 o ld , fol . His wi l lis not recorded and he seems to have died in testate, but inwha t year does not appear . He marr ied be tween 1693 and
1696, Ann, widow of Thomas Cooke and daughter of Dr.
John B rooke . I t is not known what issue they had , but therewas at least on e daughter .
1 . Sarah Stevens marr ied Tho-mas Woo l ford .
7th February, 1729, John Stevens, of Dorchester Coun ty,conveys to his grandson
,Stevens Woo l ford son of Thomas
Wool ford an d Sarah, his wife, tract ca l led Stevenses Gift,”
in Dorchester Coun ty . (Dorchester Coun ty Rec .,Lib . 8,
o ld fo l .
NOTE S .
The Stevens fam i ly, of Compton, on Dividing Creek in
Talbot County, are connected wi th a Dorchester Coun tyfam i ly o f that name .
1 . Thomas Stevens, was born in 1678 ; died in 1762 . His
on ly son
John,born , 173 5 ; died, 1794 ; ma rr ied El i zabeth Con no ly .
The ir chi ldren1 . Ju l iana
,born
,1765 ; d ied, 182 3 ; marr ied Dr . Joseph
Mart in .
2 . Mary, born, 1767 ; died, 1828 ; marri ed, 1,Nathan ie l
Mann ing ; 2 ,Rev . Jam es Thomas.
3 . H enr iet ta,married his brother, John Thomas.
4 . Eliza, marr ied John R . Downs ; 2 , Fran cis Ro chester,of Queen Anne
’
s County .
390 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
5 . Samuel,the on ly son who survived his paren ts, born
Ju ly 13 , 1778 ; d ied February 7, 1860 ; marr ied,in 1804,
Eliza May, daughter of Rober t and Rebecca Po t ts May, h is
wife, of Chester Coun ty, P a .
Samue l S tevens was Governor of Maryland in 182 2 -2 3-24 .
He rece ived and entertained General La faye t te when he
visi ted the Un i ted States . On ly two of Governor Stevens’
ch i ldren survived him, and on ly on e , the youngest, left ch i ldren , Edwin John , who marr ied Sarah Hooper Eccleston ,
daughter Of Tho-s . I . H . Eccleston , and Sarah Ennalls Hooper
Eccleston , his wife.
HON . JAMES A . STEWART.
The late Hfi
on . James Augustus Stewar t was born in Dor
chester Cou n ty, Md . , on the 24th day of Nov ember,A . D
'
.
1808 . For many years he resi ded at Cambr i dge, in his nat ivecoun ty, where he was regarded as one of the most est imableand publ i c spir i ted ci t izens. He was the e ldest of seven son s
and five daughters, of Joseph Stewart and Rache l (Linth icum) Stewar t , his wife, who res i ded in Dor chester Coun ty .
H is paterna l an cestors came to th is cou n try from Scot land .
Jo seph. Stewart , the father of ou r subj ect, was we l l knownin his day as a usefu l and exemplary ci t izen . He d ied on
the 4th o f August, 1839, in the s ixty-fifth year o f his age, andhis widow died Apri l 7, 1856, in her seven ty—th ird year . Mr .
Stewart ’s l im i ted edu cat ion caused him to appreciate the
importance o f giving h is chi ldren bet ter advan tages in th isrespect . They were l ibera l ly edu cated . The son , James A .
was first sen t to a cou n try schoo l, where he made Spec ia leffor t to master every bran ch to wh ich at tent ion was d irected .
At the age o f fi fteen he was sen t to Frankl in Co l lege,in Bal
t imore, where he made rapi d pro-gress, espec ia l ly in mathemat i cs . En tertain ing a preference for the law ,
he chosethat pro fess ion ,
and began its study in the year 182 7 in the
Office of Major Ebenezer L . F in ley . In 1829 he was. ad
m itted to the Bar in Bal t imore . He immediate ly removed
to Cambri dge and at the Apr i l term’
was admi t ted to pract i ce
392 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
In 1837 Mr . Stewart married Rebe cca Soph ia Eccleston ,
daughter Of Wm. Washington Eccleston,Register of Wills,
o f Dor chester Coun ty . By thi s marr iage there were Six
ch i ldren, three sons an d three daughters. In 1843 he was
e le cted to the Legisla ture ; his e lect ion was regarded as a
grea t tr iumph for him and his party ; he served on the Com
m i ttee ofWays and Means with. the late Chan ce l lor Johnson ,
who was cha irman,and James Murray, a d ist ingu ish ed law
yer, the other members . He was a Delegate to the Nat ionalConven t ion, wh i ch met at Ba l t imore in 1844, and nom inatedJames K . Polk for Presi den t ; was also a member of the
Nat ional Con ven t ion at C in cinnat i in 1856 that nom inatedJames Buchanan for Presi dent . In 1854, after the resig
nat ion of Judge Ara Spen ce, Mr . Stewart was.
rec om
mended by the Bar, withou t party dist in ct ion,for the judic ial
vacan cy, and was at on ce comm iss ioned by Governor Ligo-n
Judge of the Twe l fth Jud i c ia l C ircu i t . Upon the expirat ion of his judi c ial term he dec l ined a nom inat ion for
Judge, pre ferr ing to be a cand i da te for Con gress,al though
the d istr i c t was doubtfu l and the chan ces against him .
He was, however, elected to Congress over his compet i tor ,Hon . John Denn is, by a sma l l major i ty . In 1856, wh i lein Con gress, he too-k fron t rank in d isc ussion s on nat iona lquest ions of law and party pol i c ies . Throughou t h is con
gressional term of S ix years, he di l igen t l y discharged his
dut ies and ably represen ted the people o f his distri ct .
At the“
c lose of his last term in 186 1, he ret ired from po l it i cs to pract i ce his pro fessi on , where he devoted h imse l fun t i l 1867, when he was e lected Ch ief Judge of the F irstJudi c ial C ircu i t , under the three-judge system adopted by theConst i tu t iona l Convent ion that year . Under the jud ic ia lsystem his e lect ion as Ch ief Judge made him a member of
the Cou rt of Appea ls. He cont inued a member of the Cou rt
un t i l h is death, Apr i l 3 , 1879, then over seven ty years of
age . H is widow and five ch i ldren survived him to mourn
their irreparabl e los s. Judge Stewart was a progressive man
of en terpr ise in Cambr i dge . He bu i l t a number of house s
THE VAN S MURRAYS 393
in the town and also. condu cted a large sh ipbu i ld ing industryand bu i l t a number of vesse ls there, and at Church Creek,one fine vesse l o f his, a bark,was lost at sea with all on boardon her first voyage .
The e ldest son of Judge Stewart and wife, is Major Will iam E . Stewart, of Easton , a pract i c ing lawyer who was
prosecu t ing at torney the re for twe lve years . When l ivingin his nat ive county
,Dor chester, he was e lected a De legate
to the Genera l Assembly of Mary land in 1868. Wh i le l iving in Ba l t imor e
,he was elec ted for two terms to the Legis
lature of Maryland, and“
was a lso a member O f the Ci tyCou nc i l two terms. Some years ago he returned to Eastonto pract i ce his pro fession ,
where he is st i l l an able and in
fluen tial member o f the Bar . He has always been an act ive
po l i t i c ian of at tract ion and for ce.
Alfred R . Stewart, the secon d son ,was also admi t ted to theBar, but never pract i ced law ; he l ived a number of years inthe western sect ion of the Un i ted States . Sin ce his returnhe accepted a posi t ion with the Standard Publ ish ing Com
pany, and at the presen t t ime ( 190 2 ) is C lerk at the Cam
br idge P ostoffice. Mr . Stewart has a lways taken an act ive
part in party po l i t i cs.
Don al d Stewart, thi rd son , since his matur i ty, has alwaysbeen en gaged in the mercan t i le bu siness, and has acqu iredcon siderable means by str i ct at ten t ion to his enterpr ise .
Two S ingle daughters reside at the Stewar t hom e, latelybereft o f the ir mo ther,Mrs . Rebecca Stewart, who d ied. May
3 , 1899.
HON. VANS MURRAY .
The fo l lowing Sket ch of the Vans Murrays is large lyquo ted fro-m a. record made by Hon . C lemen t Su livane .
Wm . Vans Murray, Of Dorchester Coun ty, was a cou sinand ward of the then Duke o f Atho l
,ch ief o f the Mur ray clan
in Scot land , and having embraced the cause of the Pro tector
in the rebel l ion o f 17 15 , after its suppression he was obl i gedto fly for his l i fe and escaped to France. From there he
394 H I STORY OF DORCH ESTER COUNTY
em igrated to Maryland , and sett led in the vi l lage of Cam
br i dge, Dorchester Coun ty . He was a very young man at
the t ime and on ly had fi fty gu ineas as his fortune when hearr ived . He was a phys i c ian , his pract i ce brought him a
large fortune . In the.
year 1739 he purchased from the or igina l patentee of Lord Ba l t imore abou t one- th ird of the landforming the presen t S i te of Cambr idge . Dr . Murray died
mans Murray f i rms.
in 1759 leaving five ch i ldren , one of whom,James Murray
by nam e, was the father of Will iam Vans. Murray, who wasborn in Cambr idge abou t 1765 , and d ied in 180 3 . Very soon
after the Revo lu t ion he was sent to England to be edu ca ted .
There he studied law , and marr ied M iss Char lo t te Higgins,of England . I t appears She d id not come with
her husband to Ameri ca but came some t ime later.
396 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
he was a Presiden t ial E lector at large in 1856, vo t ing for Millard F i l lmore ; the Same year he was e le cted to the StateSenate , serving unt i l 1858.
In po l i t i cs he was an o ld l ine Whig and in later years wasiden t ified with. the Republ i can party . After 1858 he too -k
no act ive part in po l i t i cs, al though he was several t ime s prominently ment ione d for Gove rnor.
At the so l i c i tat ion of Gov . Hicks, he accepted a commiss ion from the Secretary ofWar and raised the F irst Mary landEastern Shore Vo lunteer Regimen t in the C i vi l War . He
was engaged in m i l i tary du ty on the Eastern Shores of Maryland and Virgin ia from the organ i zat ion of the regiment unt i l1863 . H is command was with the Army of the Potomac in
1863 , under Genera l Lo ckwoo d, forming part of his inde
penden t br igade o f Marylanders.
In h is offic ial report o f the ba t t le of Get tysburg, G eneral
M eade especial ly commended the Maryland B r igade for gallan t servi ce on that o ccasion . Towards the c lose of 1863 ,
Co lon e l Wal lace resigned his po si t ion ! in the Army and
resumed the pract i ce of his profession ,but subsequen t ly
abandoned i t to engage extensive ly in the more con gen ia l
pursu i t of agr i cu l ture . He is sa i d to have plan ted and cul
tivated the first large peach. or chard in Dor che ster Coun ty,and up to the t ime of his death. was consi dered perhaps themost successfu l hort i cu l tur ist in the State .
He man i fested, at all t imes, the l ive l iest in teres t in the
improvemen ts and progress of the town and cou nty and wasforemost in all the lead ing en terpr ises of the commun i ty .
He died Febru ary 12,1887, and no h igher eu logy cou ld
be pronou nced upon any man than to say he possessed th istranscenden t gift
,to impress his i deas upon the age in wh ich
he Hved .
JAMES WALLACE .
James Wa l lace, son of Co l . James Wal lace and Ann ie E .
Wal lace (née Phelps) , was bo rn January 5 , 1850 , at Cam
br i dge, Md .
J AME S WALLACE 397
Mr . Wal lace, a fter leaving the Cambr idge Academy,en tered the Freshman C lass of Dickinson Co l lege as a
membe r of the now ce lebrated C lass of’
70 ,con t inued h is
studies at Dickinson unt i l the Jun ior Year,when he was com
pelled to return home on accoun t of the breaking down. of
his heal th
He rega ined his heal th in a year or so and en tered intothe then undeve loped business of packing canned goods and
vegetables and oysters in connect ion wi th his father, underthe firm name of J as. Wa l lace Son .
They were the pion eers of th is. industry in Dorchesterand from their pr imi t ive beginn ing have bu i l t up a large and
lu crat ive business, the ir brands of goods are now so ld and
recogn i zed the coun try over as on e of the leading brands in
th is l ine of industry .
The packing business was under the act ive managem entand con trol of the jun ior Mr . Wal lace, and its su ccess isat tributable to his i ndustry and bu siness sagaci ty .
In 1888 Mr . Wal lace marr ied Miss Emma McComas ,
daughter of F . C . McComas, E sq .,of Hager stown , Md .
By th is marr iage they have two ch i l dren ,Kathar ine and
J am-es Wa l lace, J r .
Mr . Wa l lace,wh i le devo t ing his t ime part i cu lar ly to the
packing and o ther business en terpr ises with. wh i ch he is
con nected, a lways took an act ive interest in the po l i t i ca laffairs of his coun ty and State, be ing act ively i dent ified withthe Republ i can party ; he persisten t ly, however, refused a
number of nom inat ions tendered him by his party, the on lyt ime he con sented to accept a nom inat ion he was e lected a
member of the Maryland Legislature o f 1882 .
In add i t ion to the canned good s bus iness, Mr . Wa l lacehas at all t imes be en an arden t and zea lous worker for theimprovemen t of his town and coun ty , and has ever stoodready to aid and foster all en terpr ises loo king toward the
industr ia l developmen t of the ci ty of h is birth .
Mr . Wal lace was one of the in corpora tors of the Dorches
ter Nat ional Bank and is now its Vice-Presi den t, also one
398 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
o f the organ izers and incorporators o f the Cambr i dge Water
Co the Cambr i dge Mfg . Co . , the Cambr i dge Gas Co ., and
the Eastern Shore Trust Co .,being a Director in all of the
above corporat ions and Presi den t o f the Cambr i dge Water
Co .,also of the Cambr idge Mfg. has done h is fu l l share
in connect ion with a number of young men who came to
the fron t with h im to make Cambr i dge the largest and most
progress ive town on the Maryland and De laware Pen insu la.
Mr . Wal lace is a lso extensive ly in terested in fru i t and vege table ra ising on his fert i le farms near Cambr idge .
THE WOOLFORDS AND WH ITELEY
CONNECTIONS .
Roger Woo l ford, the first of that name to se t t le in Maryland
,came from England and first set t led on the Eastern
Shore of Virgin ia . Soon thereafter he came to Maryland and
permanen t ly loc ated on the Manokin R iver . (Fami ly trad it ion c laims that h is. ancestors l ived in Wa les and that oneof them wen t to England as a so ld ier wi th Wil l iam the Con
quero-r .)After the arr ival of Roger Woo l ford in Maryland, about
1662 , on August 13 of that year (data from J . S .
“he
had a warran t for 60 0 acres of land , forwh i ch he enters rightsfor his own. transportat ion and undertakes to en ter o therr ights in due course .
”
(Land O ffice, Lib . 5 , fo l . Feb
ruary 4, 1663 , he demands land for h imse l f, Mary Woo l ford,Mary Woo l ford again, and o ther pe rson s. (Land Office,Lib . 6
,fo l . July 10 ,
1665 , he en ters r i ghts for the
transportat ion in to the Provin ce ; of Levin and Sarah Den
Wo od, John We l ls, Martha Rob inson and Owen Mackara .
(Land O ffice, Lib. 8, fol . And February 13 , 1667,
he enters r ights for Mary Thomas, Eli zabe th and Rebe ccaDenwood, R i chard Primum
,Barbary Gi lbert
,Thomas
Somers and Eli zabeth! Gradwe l l . (Land“
O ffice , Lib. I I ,
fo l . 2 29, With Levin and Thomas Denwood he reg
400 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STER COUNTY
John E nnal ls, of Dor chester Coun ty,conveys to Roger
Woo l ford, Gent ., o f sai d coun ty, all his r ight , t i t le, etc . , to
two tracts o f land ly ing on Litt le Choptank R iver, viz :“John ’
s Poin t, 2 0 0 acres,and
“Addit ion”to
“John’
s Po in t,”
45 acres, now in the o ccupa t ion of the sai d Roger Woo l fordin r ight of wife Elizabeth, sister to: him, the sai d JohnE nnalls, together with all the stock of cat t le, etc ., whi chBartholomew E nnalls, father of him,
the sai d John E nnalls,
devised by hi s last wi l l and testamen t to the sai d El izabethfor the term of her natura l l i fe with reversion and rema inderto him
, the sa i d John E nnalls . (See Dorchester CountyRecor ds, Lib. 5 , o ld fo l . Col . Roger Woo l ford died in1730 . In his wi l l, dated O ctober proved December 8,1730 ,
he men t ion s his Son John,hisdaughter Rosanna Woo l
ford, his daughter Sarah, wi fe of John Jones ; his daughterMary, wife o f John P i t ts ; his daughter Elizabe th, wi fe of
Thomas Hicks ; his. grandch i l dren ,Roger and Mary P i t ts ;
his son Stevens ; his. grandson Roger Wool ford, son of
Thomas. H is wi fe, Elizabe th, and his son s, Thomas and
John, are appoin ted execu tors . (Annapo l is. Wil ls, Lib . 2 0 ,
fol .
Co l . Roger Wool ford and Elizabeth (E nnalls) , h is wife,had issue as fol lows :Twins— 1 . Mary Woo l ford born‘ February 29, 1691 (Som
erset Cou n ty Records) ; marr ied John P i tts. 2 . Elizabe th
Woo-lford , born February 29, 169 1 (Some rse t Records) ; mar
r ied Thomas Hicks.
3 . John Wool ford, d ied in 1750 ; marr ied Mary B rown .
Had issue in Somerset Coun ty .
“
5 4 . Thomas Woo l ford, of whom further .
5 . Rosanna Woo l ford .
6. Sarah Woo l ford , marr ied John. Jones .
Thomas Woo l ford, son o f Col . Roger and Elizabeth, was
probably born abou t 170 0 ,in Dorchester Coun ty, after his
father se t t led there . He was one of the Just i ces of Dor
chester Coun ty, 1726-
33 , and was of the Quorum,173 2
-
33
(Comm ission Book) . He died in 175 1 . H is wil l, dated
THE WOOLFORDS AND WH ITELEY CONN E CTION S 40 1
O ctober 2 9, 1750 , proved November 2,17 5 1, men t ion s the
ch i ldren named below (see Annapo l is Wil ls, Lib . 28, fol .
He marr ied Sarah,daughter of John Stevens, and
had issue, name ly :
1 . Thom-as Wool ford, married Mo l l ie Taylor.
2 . Roger Woo l for d, marr ied El i zabeth Jon es .
3 . Stevens Woo l ford, o f whom further.
4 . Bartho lomew Woo l for d,
“Bat ty, marr ied Mo l l ieKeene .
5 . Levin Wool ford, marr ied Bat ty’s” widow .
0 6 . James Wool for d, ma rr ied Nan cy Patt ison .
7 . John Woo l ford .
8 . Nan cy Wool ford, marr ied, 1, Robert M i l ls ; 2
,
Eskr i dge .
FAM ILY H I STORY DATA .
Thomas Woo l ford,son of Roger Woo l for d and Elizabeth
(Jones) Woo l ford , h is wife, was. born January 10 ,175 5 .
3 He
was comm issioned Captain of the 6th Independen t Com
pany o f Dorchester Coun ty Vo lun teers January 5 , 1776,
to ba t t le for Ame r i can Independence in the Revo lut ion ary
War . For his command ing abi l i ty as an offi cer and braveryin ba t t les, he rece ived the fo l lowing pro-mo t ions : Major ,February 2 0 ,
1777 ; Lieu tenan t -Co lon e l of the 2 d Maryland
Bat tal ion , Apr i l 17, 1777' Lieutenan t-Co lone l commanding
5 th Maryland Regimen t , O ctober 2 0 , 1779 . Co lone l Woo l
ford , first as Captain at the ba t t le of Long Island, Lieutenant—Co lon e l at Wh i te P lains, and on o ther fie lds of confl i ct ,reached the he ight of a so ld ier’s fame when ha l f of his brave
command was ki l led , wounded or captured in . the bat t le o f
Catawba For d on the Wateree R iver, in Caro l ina, where he
was wounded by a sho t that broke his th igh and was taken
pr isoner August 2 0 , 1780 . He was exchanged December
2 0 , 1780 , then transferred to . the 4th Maryland In fantry,January I
, 178 1, and ret ired from army service January 1,
1783 .
26
40 2 H ISTORY OF DORCH ESTE R COUNTY
Co lone l Woo l for d marr ied El izabeth Woo l ford, daughterof They had four sons and two : daughters, John,
Will iam
,Roger
,Isabe l la, Elizabe th and Thomas, J r . He d ied
O ctober 8, 184 1 . I sabel la, his daughter, was born Novem
ber 12 , 1785 ; marr ied,1,George Applegarth, who d ied
wi thou t he irs ; 2 ,Thomas Byus. They had six ch i ldren
,four
son s and two . daughters .
Thomas Woo l ford, J r ., son of Co lon e l Thomas and Eliza
beth, h is wife, was bo rn Septembe r 12, 1787 . He marr ied
Pri sc i l la Jon es, daughter of she was born February 10 ,
1794 . They had e ight son s and three daughters,namely '
1 . El i zabeth, born November 29, 18 15 d ied February
2 . Thomas, born 18 18
3 . Alexander, born 1826.
4 . John Wesley, bo rn December 2 5 , 182 1 .
5 . Ju l ia, born 182 3 .
6. Jethro , born May 2 3 , 182 7 .
7 . R i chard,born
8 . Mary Isabe l la, born January 18, 183 1 .
9. Wm . Wash ington ,born Ju ly I
, 183 2 .
10 . J os. F ., born Novembe r 28
,1834 .
1 1 . Nathan ie l, born Apr i l 1 1, 1838 ; d ied
Thomas. Woo l ford, father of these ch i ldren,d ied Ju ly 3 ,
1866. H is daughter, El izabeth, first married John Eskri dge,who d ied leaving two ch i ldren , Li l lie Lou isa and John E .
Eskr i dge . His widow next marr ied James Crai g, in 1840 ;
the ir ch i ldren were Ju l ia Miranda, who died in you th,and
J am-es W . Crai g, st i l l surviving . Elizabeth (Woo l ford)Eskr i dge Crai g died February 2 0 ,
1878 ; James Craig, her
husband, was born O ctober 3 1, 18 12 , and died March 13 ,
1897.
James W . Crai g,the ir son , was born Feb-ruary 14, 1844 ;
marr ied Ju l ia A . Cooke in 1866 thei r ch i ldren are
1 . James Hermon Craig.
'
2 . Edith May Craig .
3 . E . Al lan Craig.
404 H ISTOR Y OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
StevensWh i teley VVo-o lford , son of Stevens and El izabethwas born August 1, 1762 . He marr ied
,8th February, 1783 ,
Eleanor, daughter o f Roge r Jones (Dorchester Par ish Reg
ister) . H is wi l l, dated 18th September, 182 7, and proved
5 th November, 1832 ,is recor ded at Cambr i dge (Lib . T . H .
H . , No . I , fo l . i t men t ions his wife, Eleanor, and the
fol lowing ch i ldren :
1 . Stevens Woo l ford,born 12 th May,
1784 (Dor chesterPar ish Register) .2 . Wh i tefie ld Wool ford .
3 . Hiram Woo l ford .
4 . Mary Wool for d ,marr ied Jon es .
5 . Sarah Woo l ford .
Arthur Wh i te ley,of Dorchester Coun ty was born abou t
165 2 . In a depos i t ion made in 1730 ,he g i ves h is age as 78
years (Chan cery, Lib. I . R .,No . 1
,fo l . He marr ied
Elizabeth,widow of Wi l l iam R i ch, of Talbot Coun ty, and
9th March ,170 5 , he gives to
“my four ch i ldren , Wil l iam ,
Peter, Mary and Elizabeth R i ch,three cows, marked wi th
the probe mark of Will iam R i ch , late o f Talbo t County,deceased, and two mares, brand ed W . R .
”
(Dor chester
Coun ty Coun ty Records,L ib. 6, o ld fo l . 10 th August ,170 5 , Arthur Wh i te ley, of Dorchester Coun ty, and Eliza
beth ,his wife, convey to Dan iel Sherwoo d a tract cal led
“The Adven ture,
” con ta in ing 4 12 acres, in Dorchester
Coun ty (Dorchester Coun ty Records, L ib. 6, o ld fo l .
B efo re 17 19 Elizabeth was dead and he had ma rr ied a
second wi fe, Joan ,sin ce 12 th August,-17 19, Arthur Wh i te ley,
o-f Dor ches ter Coun ty, and Joan ,h is wife, execu te a deed to
Thos . Nevett (Dorchester County Records, Lib . 2, o ld fo l .
H is wi l l , dated 2 oth January, 1729, proved March 12 ,
173 5 (Annapo l is Wills, Lib. 2 1,fo l . men t ioned his
son , Arthur R i ch Wh ite ley , who is appo in ted execu tor , and
his son s, An thon y, Alexander, Augustus and Abraham
B ing Wh i te ley . The issue of Arthur Whi te ley, by his twowives
,was as fo l lows
TH E WOOLFORDS AND WH ITELE Y CONN ECTION S 40 5
1 . Arthur R i ch Wh i te ley, of whom further .
2 . An thony Wh i te ley, set t led in Ph i lade lph ia .
3 . Alexander Wh i te ley .
4 . Augustus Whi te ley .
5 . Abraham. B ing Wh i teley .
Arthur R i ch Wh i te ley was the son of Arthur Wh i te leyand Eliz abeth, his wife, widow o f Will iam R i ch . He l ivedon a tract ca l led “Harwood’s Cho i ce .
”2 7th November,
175 2 , An thony Wh i teley, of Ph i ladelph ia, P a , Gen t . , con
veys to Arthur Wh i te ley of Dorchester County, Md ., all
his r ight, t i t le, etc .
,to
“Harwoo-d
’
s Cho i ce, be ing the plantation on wh i ch sai d Arthur l ives, and an adjacen t tractcal led “Henry’s Cho i ce” (Dorchester Coun ty Recor ds, Lib .
14, o ld fo l . In his wi l l, dated 15 th Apr i l, 1766, proved2 3d November, 177 1 (Annapo l is Wills, Lib . 38, fo l . he
om i ts his. m i dd le name and cal ls h imse l f simply ArthurWh i te ley . He men t ions in i t h is wife, Kathar ine, and the
fo l low ing ch i ldren :
1 . Arthur Wh i te ley (execu tor of his father’
s wi l l) .2 . Wil l iam R i ch Wh i te ley .
3 . B et ty Wh i te ley, married Stevens Woo l ford (see Woo l
ford fam i ly) .
4 . Mary Wh i te ley,marr ied Travers.
5 . Sarah Wh i te ley,marr ied John Stevens.
6. Nan cy Wh i te ley .
In a dd i t ion to these ch i ldren,he men t ions his grandsons
Arthur Stevens,son of John Stevens, and Arthur Wool ford
son of Stevens Wool ford .
From Co l . Tho-mas Woo l ford , son of Co l . Roger Woo lford, here in named, ano ther bran ch of the fam i ly began wi thh is son Stevens, bet ter known as Rev. Stephen Woo l ford ,whomarried El i zabe th Wh i teley, sister of Co lone l Wh i te ley, of
Caro l ine Cou n ty . They had three son s and seven daughters,a lready here in named . He died in the year 180 0 , 7 1 yearso f age . H is son
,Rev. Stephen B . Woo l ford , married a
406 H ISTORY OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY
M iss Cust is, of the Eastern Shor e of Virgin ia . The ir sons
were Stephen, George Wh i tefie ld and Hiram W . Woo l ford ;Hiram W . marr i ed Busi ck
,daughter of of Dor
chester Cou n ty,Md . They had four son s. and six daugh
ters, viz : Stephen B .,Hiram W ., J r .
,James L .
,and
Wm. W . ; Caro l in e, Sarah, Mary Ann , Elizabeth, Sarah E .
and Henr iet ta . Hiram W . Woo l ford,Sr .
,died in Mar ch,
1862,at Mil ton . He was a land owner and slave—ho lder .
Had been elected Judge of the O rphans’ Cou rt and severa l
t imes a member o f the Boa rd o f Coun ty Comm iss ioners, ofwh i ch he was Presi den t . In po l i t i cs, he was. an
“o ld l ine
Wh ig, and a stanch friend of Thomas Ho l l i day H icks .
Stephen, one of the son s of Hiram, was a mar in er and cap
tain of sai l vesse ls for some years, and died when about 48years of age . Hiram W . was also a mar iner and d ied at the
age of 26. James L . was a lso a you thfu l captain on his
father’s vesse l un t i l 1862 ,wh en he wen t Sou th and volun
teered in the Con federate Army,November 2 0 ,
1862 . He
was a brave so ld ier and was wounded three t imes in the
batt les. at Get tysbu rg, and on ly surrendered when he cou ldn ei ther fight nor retreat . After being kept in the Federa lho spi tals for some t ime, he was sen t to For t McHenry, and
from there was exchanged March 2 0 ,1864, to en ter aga in
the confl i ct of c ivi l war . From th is t ime on he was in
numerous skirm ishes and bat t les, suffered many hardsh ipsand pr ivat ions unt i l the close of the war fo r the cause of h is
po l i t i ca l convi ct ion s. He returned to his home in Marylandand resumed his ci t i zensh ip, acknowledging what the sword
had set t led for his coun try to be final , he‘
became a firm and
hon est suppor ter of the Un ion, for one coun try and one
people .
A return to c ivi l l i fe did not take away fro-m him all the
charms o f m i l i tary servi ce . He ra ised a vo lunteer mi l i t ia
company in Cambr i dge, ca l led the“Lloyd Guards,
” then
sa i d to be on e of the finest dr i l led compan ies in the State,and its personne l was beyond the con cept ion of an o ld t ime
so ld ier . Soon after he formed the Th ird Maryland Bat
APPEND IX .
ASSEMBLY DELEGATES AND BURGESSES .
COLON IAL PER IOD .
1669-71— R ichard Preston,non-resident Assembly Delegate ; Dan iel
Clark, non-resident Burgess.
167 1-74—Dan iel C lark, W'
i l l iam Ford, Henry Tr ippe, Burgesses or
Delegates.
1674-75— Dan ie l C lark, Henry Trippe, Burgesses or Delegates .
I68 I—Bartholomew Ennalls, Dr. John B rooks.
1682 —Henry Trippe, Bartholomew Ennalls, Assembly Delegates .
O ctober 2 , 1683— Bartho lomew E nnalls . O ctober 5 Mr. E nnalls askedthe House to d ispense w ith his services the remainder o f the session,which was refused .
April 1, 1684— Capt. W illiam Fraz ier Bartholomew Ennalls ( fined
for absence, ten pound s sterl ing ) , Dr . John B rooks.
May 14, 1692—Henry Trippe, Dr . John B rooks, Thomas Ennalls, Edward
P inder.
1693—Maj. Henry Trippe, Dr. John B rooks, Thomas Ennalls, Edward
P inder.
1694— John Po l lard , Henry Hooper, Thomas H icks, Thomas Ennalls.
1695— John Pollard, Maj. Henry Hooper, Thomas E nnal ls, Thomas
H icks. Pollard ’
s salary was 2240 pound s of tobacco, from October 4 to
October 19, 16 days attendance. Ennalls, 9 days, 1260 pound s. Each mem
ber was allowed 80 pound s per day for 6 days, travel ing expenses, comingand going.
1696—The same.
1697—The same.
May 10, 1698 ( first session )—Thomas H icks,Walter Campbell, Jacob
Lockerman . (Thos. Ennal ls sick . )October 20, 1698— Same Delegates ( second session ) .
June 29, 1699— The same De legates.
May 8, 170 1—Thomas Ennalls, Jacob Lockerman
,Hugh E ccleston, John
Lecompte.
March 16,170 2—The same Delegates.
410 APPENDIX
1703,—No record .
December 5 , 1704— Hugh E ccleston, John Tay lor, John Hud son, JosephEnnal ls.
170 5— Hugh E ccleston, John Tay lor, John Hudson, Joseph Ennalls.
April 2 , 1706—Hugh E ccleston, John Taylor, John Hudson, JosephEnnalls.
March 6, 1707 —Hugh Ennal ls, John Hud son, Joseph Ennal ls, RogerWoo lford .
1708—Hugh E ccleston,John Hudson
,Joseph E nnal ls, Roger Woo lford .
October 26, 1709—Hugh E ccleston,Walter Campbell, Joseph Ennalls,
John Hud son . (Wr its were issued for the election of two members to
serve in the place of Joseph Ennalls, deceased, and Roger Wool ford, com
miss ioned sheriff. )October 24, 1710—Hugh E ccleston
,Walter Campbell, John Hud son,
Thomas H icks.
October 23, 1711—Walter Campbel l,John Hudson
,Thomas H icks,
Robert Sk inner. (Wr it for an election of a member in pl ace of Hugh
E ccleston, deceased . R'
obert Sk inner elected to vacancy . )October 28, 17 12—Roger Woolford, Henry Ennalls, Govert Lockerman,
Henry Trippe.
October 27, 1713— Roger Woolford, Henry Ennal ls, Govert Lockerman .
June, 1714— Capt. Henry Tr ippe ( first session, no record ) , Maj. RogerWoo lford , Capt. Henry Ennalls, Govert Lockerman.
October 5 , 17 14 ( second session ) —Capt. Henry Ennalls, Govert Lockerman, Henry Trippe, Roger Woolford .
Ap r il 26, 17 15 ( first session under reign of King George) —Roger Woolford , Henry Trippe, John Hud son, Peter Tay lor .
1715 ( second session )—Maj. Roger Woolford,Captain Henry Trippe,
John Hud son, Peter Tay lor.
April 23, 17 16—John B rannock, Peter Taylor Tobias Pol lard,John
Meek ins ( session p rorogued ) .
Ju ly 7, 17 16—John B rannock, Peter Tay lor, Tobias Pol lard, JohnMeekins ( session porogued ) .
May 28, 17 17— Peter Tay lor, Tobias Pol lard, John Meekins, John B rannock ( session p rorogued ) .
April —Tobias Pollard , John Meek ins, Peter Tay lor, John B rannock.
May 14, 1719—Maj. Roger Woo lford, Capt. John Rider, Peter Tay lor,John B ranno ck.
Apri l 5 , 1720—John B rannock, Co l. Roger Woo lford, Capt. John R id er,Peter Taylor ( session p rorogued ) .
October 11,1720—John B rannock, Col. Roger Woo l ford , Capt. John
Rider, Peter Tay lor.
July 18, 172 1—Roger Woo lford, Peter Tay lor. (Resolved, That Mr.
4 12 APPENDIX
1747—Dan iel Su livane, Phil . LeCompte, Henry Hooper, Bartholomew
Ennalls.
1748—Co l. Henry Hooper, Barth. Ennalls, Philemon LeCompte, Daniel
Su livane.
1749—Col. Henry Hooper, Philemon LeCompte, Capt. Henry Travers,Dan. Sulivane ( two sessions ) .
1750 —Dan . Sulivan e, Henry Hooper, Mathew Travers, Philemon Le
Compte.
175 1—Dan . Sulivane, Henry Hoo per, Philemon Lecompte, Mathew
Travers ( first session ) .
175 1—Col . Henry Hoope r, Charles Goldsborough, Ennalls Hooper, Dan ielSul ivane ( second session ) .
1752—Henry Hooper, Chas. Go ld sborough, Dan . Sulivane.
175 3— Col . Henry Hooper, Charles Goldsborough. (Writs were issued
for an election. Hooper Ennal ls had left the province, and Dan iel Sulivane had accepted Sherifi ’
s ofli ce. )1754—Col . Henry Hooper, Henry Travers, Joseph Cox Gray, Chas.
Gold sborough.
June 23, 175 5—Joseph Cox Gray, Henry Travers, Chas.Gold sborough,
H icks.
1756—J os. Cox Gray, Chas. Gold sborough, Henry Travers ( two ses
s ions ) . Henry Hooper ( absent, s ick ) .
1757— Ap ri l 13—Henry Hooper ( sess ion held at Baltimore to-wn in Bal
timore County . Col. Hen ry Hooper was chosen speaker pro tem) , J os.
Cox. Gray, Henry Traverse.
1758—Dan iel Sul ivane, Henry Travers, Chas. Go ld sborough, Col.
Henry Hooper.
1759—The same members.
176o—The same members.
1761 -The same members.
1762—Col . Henry Hoo per, Charles Go ld sborough, Daniel Sul ivane, J o-s.
Cox Gray .
October 4, 1763—J os. Cox Gray, Dan ie l Sul ivane, Henry Steele. ( Chas.
Goldborough, hav ing been cal led to the Upper House, Henry Steele was
elected to fill the vacancy . )1764—No record .
September 2 3, 1765 , and November, 1765—Dan iel Su l ivane, Robert Gold sborough, third, Philemon LeCompte, Henry Travers ( two sessions ) .
May 9, I 766—Dan iel Sulivane, Philemon Lecompte, Robert Gold sbo rough.
, third , John Henry .
1767 —No record .
May 24, 1768— Dan iel Sul ivane, Henry Hoo per, Philemon Lecompte,Henry Steele .
November, 1769—Dan iel Sulivane, Henry Hooper, Henry Steele. (Rob
APPENDIX 4 13
ert Ed en appo inted Governor. Writs of election i ssued for an election to
elect a Delegate in the p lace of Phi lemon LeCompte, d eceased . )September 2 5, 1770—Henry Hooper, Henry Steele, Edward Noel ( first
sess ion ) .
November 5, 1770—The same Delegates ( second session ) .
Octobe r 2 , 177 1—Wi l liam R ichard son, W il liam E nnal ls,Joseph Rich
ard son .
1772—No record .
June 15 , 1773—W ill iam R ichard son ,W ill iam Ennalls, John Ennal ls.
March 23, 1774— John Ennalls, Wil l iam Richard son . ( Entered the
House April 5 . The last session of the Assembly und er the P rop rietary . )
MARYLAND CONVENT IONS.BEG INN ING OF THE REVOLUTIONARY PE R IOD—DOR
CHE STE R COUNTY DEPUTI E S AND DE LEGATE S .
June 22, 1774—Deputies, Fi rst Convention— Robert Gold sborough, Wi lliam Ennal ls, Henry Steele, John Ennal ls
,Robert Harris-on, Col . Henry
Hooper,Mathew B rown .
November, 1774— Delegates not named .
December 8,1774
—Delegates not named .
ASSOC IAT ION OF THE FRE EME N OF MARYLAND .
July 26, 1775— Robert Gold sborough, Henry Hooper, James Murray,
T’.omas Ennalls, Robert Harrison .
December 7, 1775—John E nnalls, James Mu rray ,H en ry Hooper, W i l
liam E nnal ls.
May 8, 1776—Robert Go ld sborough, H enry Hooper , James Murray ,
John E nnalls .
June 2 1,1776—Robert Go ld sborough, Henry Hooper, James Mu rray,
Wm. Ennal ls
August 14, 1776—New Convention met— Robe rt Gol d sborough, JohnMurray, James Ennalls, Joseph Ennal ls, J un . ( Fi rst session ad jou rnedSeptember 17 ; met again October
FIRST GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE STATE OF MARYLAND.
DE LE GATE S FROM DORCHE STE R COUNTY .
February, 1777—Wi ll iam Ennal ls, John Henry, J r.,Jame s Murray, Henry
Steel .June
,1777—John Henry, J r., James Murray .
October,1777—John Smoot, John Henry, J r .
,James Murray, Joseph
Dafli n.
4 14 APPENDIX
March,1778—James Murray, John Smoo t.
June, 1778—Joseph Daffin, Robert Go ldsborough, James Murray, JohnSmoot.October
,1778—John Smoot, John Henry, J r.,
Thomas Firman E ccleston,
James Woolford .
March, 1779—Thos. F. E ccleston,Robert Gold sborough.
July, 1779—Thos. F. E ccleston, Robert Gold sborough, John Smoot.
November, 1779—John Henry, J r.,Samuel McG ee, John Smoot, Thomas
E ccleston .
March, 1780—The same . At thi s session McGee res igned .
June, 1780—Thos. F. E ccleston .
October,1780—Dan iel Su l ivane, Thos. Firman E ccleston. (E ccleston
resigned October 3 I st. )November, 1781—Thos. E ccleston, Lev in K irkman, John Smoot, James
Shaw .
November 11, 1782— James Shaw, Lev in Ki rkman,Robertson Stevens,
John Smoot.May 6, 1783,— James Shaw,
Lev in Kirkman .
November 11, 1783 ( first session ) —James Shaw, Daniel Sul ivane, Lev inKi rkman, Thomas F, E ccleston .
November 15, 1784 ( first session )—James Steele, Gustavus Scott, JamesShaw
,Thos. Firman E ccleston .
November 14, 1785— Lev in Kirkman, Henry Waggaman, Henry Ennal ls,Wm. Ennal ls Hoop-er.
1786—James Shaw, Wm. Ennalls Hooper, Archibald Pattison,James
Steele.
Apr i l 18, 1787— Arch ibald Pattison, Wm. Ennalls Hooper, James Steele,James Shaw ( first session ) .
November 14, 1787— Arch ibald Pattison,Moses LeCompte, James Shaw,
James Steele ( second session ) .
May 14, 1788—Moses LeCompte, James Steele, James Shaw ( first ses
sion ; Steele resigned ) .
November 4, 1788—Moses LeCompte, Wm. Vans Murray, James Steele,James Shaw ( second session ) .
1789—Moses LeCompte, James Steele,Wm. Vans Murray, James Shaw .
November 4, 1790—Wm. Vans Murray, Moses LeCompte, Wm. Gol d s
bo rough, James Steele.
1791—Wm. Go ld sborough, Moses LeCompte, Solomon Fraz ier, JohnE ccleston.
1792—The same. (Moses LeCompte, who was elected a Delegate, wasone of the County Justices, therefore inel igible to a seat in the House. )1793— Solomon Fraz ier, Joseph Daffin, Peter Gordon, Henry Waggaman.
1794— Sol . Fraz ier, Wm. B . Martin, Peter Gordon, John Craig.
1795—Sol . Fraz ier, John Craig, James Steele, Wm. Murray Robertson.
4 16 APPENDIX
December 2, 1817— Thomas P itt, Ben j amin W . LeCompte, Henry Keene,
E dward Gr iffith.
December 7, 1818—Wm . W. E ccleston, Ben j . W. LeCompte, Solomon
Fraz ier, Levin Lake.
December 7, 1819 —M ichael Lucas,E dward Gr iffith, Dr . W i ll iam Jack
son,Ben j . W. LeCompte.
December 4, 182o—William W. E ccleston,Lev in. Lake So lomon
Fraz ier. (Lev in Lake and Benj . LeCompte, hav ing each received the
same number of votes, there was no election of either . )De cember 3 , 182 1— Dan iel Sul ivane, E dward Gr iffith, Matth ias Travers,So lomon Fraz ier .
December 2 , 1822— John N . Steele, Bartholomew Byus, John W il li s,Roger Hooper .
December 1, 1823— J ohn R . W . P itt, John W i llis, W il liam Hutson,John
N . Steele.
De cember 6. I 824— Dan iel Sul ivane, Thos . J . H . E ccleston,Matthias
Travers, John N . Steele.
October 3 , 182 5— Joseph Ennal ls, John B rohawn, John Douglass, Thos.
I . H . E cc leston .
October 2,1826— John R . P itt, B r ice J . Go ld sborough, Martin L. Wright,
Samuel Raw ley .
October 1, 182 7— J . F. W i ll iams,George Lake, B rice J . Goldsborough,
Admin i stration ; . John Douglass,“Jackson .
”
December 29, 1828—Francis E . Phelps, Matthew Hardcastle, Tho s. J .
W . E ccleston, Martin Wright.December 28, 1829—Thos . H . H icks, John N . Steele, Matthew Hard
castle, B rice J . Gold sborough.
December 27, 1830—Thos. H . H icks, Ben j amin G. Keene, John N . Stee le,Martin L. Wr ight.
December 26,183 1— John Travers, Martin L. Wright, W il l iam A . Lake.
Joseph N icols.
December 3 1, 1832— Joseph N icols, Martin L. Wright, John Travers,Lev in Richardson .
December 30 , 1833— Robert Gr iflfith, Henry L. McNamara, Martin L.
Wr ight, Joseph N ico ls .
December 29,1834— Joseph N icols, W ill iam J . Ford, Lev in Richard son,
Samuel B . Cre ighton .
December 28,1835— Jos eph K . Travers, W il liam J . Ford , Josiah Bay ly,
J r. ( John Travers deceased . )December 26, 1836— Ben j am in G . Keene, Thos. J . H . E ccleston ,
W il liamFraz ier, Tho s. H . H icks.
December 25 , 1837— Wi ll iam. Fraz ier, John F. Eccleston, N icholas Gold sborough, Reuben Tall .December 3 1, 1838—Henry Page, Henry L. McNamara, Joseph N ico ls,
Whitefield Woolford .
APPENDIX 4 17
December 30, 1839—W i lliam Fraz ier, Reuben Tall,Francis P .
Phelps,J aoob Wi lson .
December 28, 184o—Kendall M . Jacobs, John R. Keene,W illiam Fraz ier,
Reuben Tall .
December 27, 1841— Joseph R . E ccleston, Dr. Joseph N icho ls, W ill iamK. Travers, Levin’ Richard son .
De cember 26,1842— Francis P . Phelps, W i ll iam K. Travers, Wm.
B .
LeCompte, Nathaniel E . Green .
December 2 5, 1843—James A. Stewart, John W. Dai l
,Francis P . Phe lps.
(N icols deceased ) .
De cember 30, 1844— Joseph E . Muse, Wi ll iam Fraz ier, John R'
.Keene,
Reuben Tal l.
December 29, 1845— John F. E ccleston, John F. Boone, W i ll iam Fraz ier,James Sm ith.
December 28, 1846—Jacob W ilson,Daniel M . Henry, Ben jamin Travers,
Wi l liam Frazier.
December 2 7, —Ben j amin G. Keene,James B . Chaplain, Reuben
Tal l.December 3 1, 1849—Jaco-b W ilson, Dan iel M . Henry, W il liam W . Mace,
Washington A . Smith.
January 7, 1852—W i ll iam Fraz ier, Reuben Tall, Thos. J . Da i l.January 5 , 1853—W i l liam Fraz ier, Reuben Tall
,Thos . J . D'
ai l.January 4, 1854— James Wallace, J . R. D'onoho
,Kendal l M . Jacobs.
January 2 , 1856—John W. Dail, W i ll iam Fraz ier, Algernon Thomas.
January 6, 1858—John W. D'
ail,Lev in Richard son, Horatio H . Graves.
January 4, 1860—L. W . Linthicum, John R . Keene, W i l liam Holland .
December 3, 1861-1862—Dr . Francis P . Phelps, Sr.,Dr. Thomas King
Carro ll, John Q . Leck ie. ( Special session . )January 6, 1864—Dav id O. P . E ll iott, W i ll iam Fraz ier, John Bnohawn.
January 4, 1865— John H . Hod-son, Washi ngton A. Sm ith .
January 10, 1866—W i l liam Fraz ier,John H . Hod son, Washington A.
Smith.
1867— Francis P . Phel ps, Sr., Edward Leed s Kerr, LinthicumJanuary 1, 1868— Algernon S . Percy, Wm. E . Stewart, Alward Johnson.
January 5 , 187o—Benj amin H . Harrington, Samuel W. Woolford, GeorgeJ . Meekins.
January 3, 1872—Washington A . Smith, W i l liam F. V ickers, John A . L.
Radc l i ffe.
January 7, 1874— J . J . M . Gordy, Ol iver P. Johnson,Eugene Hod son .
1876—Edmund G. Waters,Washington A . Smith, W ill iam J . Lambd in .
1878— Samuel M . Travers, d . ; Joseph H . Johnson, d . ; I saac H . Hons
ton, d .
27
418 APPENDIX
1880—Benj amin L. Smith, M.D., d . ; Wm. J . Lambd in, Francis A .
Newton.
1882—~W i ll iam S . Sherman, d . ; Joseph H . Johnson, d . ; W ill iam T.
Staplefort, d .
1884—Dr. Isaac H. Houston, d . ; James W'
allace, J r.,rep. ; Joseph T.
Dav is, rep.
1886—Benj amin L. Smith, M.D., James M . Robertson,Francis H . V in
cent.
1888—Zora H . B rinsfield,D. W. Newberry, S . Lynn Percy .
1890—Will iam T. Stapleforte, (1; Wi l liam S . Craft, d . ; Edw in T.
Mace, d .
1892— Ben j . L. Smith, d . ; Alon zo L M i les, d . ; J os. B . Mered ith,f.
1894—Francis P . Phelps, Wm. F. App legarth, Lev i D. Travers.
1896—Chas . M . M.
’Wingate,Wm. D. Hopk ins,W . Spry B rad ley .
1898—Alonzo L. M iles, Chas. W . Hackett,Ben j amin J . Linthicum.
1900—Ben j amin J . Linthicum, Francis P . Corkran,Joseph B . Andrew s.
( Joseph B . And rews unseated by contest made by J no. R . Pattison beforethe House ; Pattison seated . )
190 1— Ben j amin J . Linthicum,
Francis P . Corkran, J no. R . Pattison .
( Extra session called . )1902
— Ben jamin J . Linthicum, T i lghman R . Hackett, J as. S . Shepherd,John A. Baker. ( Increased rep resentation under censu s of
LIST OF DORCHESTER COUNT Y OFFICE-HOLDERSFROM 1669 TO
COMM ISS IONERS OR JUSTICE S .
1669—Raymond Staple ford, John Pol lard, Wil liam Stevens,of Little
Choptank ; Stephen Gary, Henry Tripp-e, Anthony LeCo-‘
rup-te, W ill iam
Stevens, Henry Hooper.
167 1-74—W i l l ia'm Wroughton,Thomas Pattison, Thomas Sk inner,
Dan iel Clark, Robert VVinsmore.
June 4, 1674—Dan iel Cl ark, Robert W il l iams,W i ll iam Stevens, John
Hud son ,Henry Trippe, Stephen Gary, gentlemen of the Quorum ; Bar
tholomew Ennalls, Henry Hoo per,Wi ll iam Ford, Thomas Skinner, CharlesHutchins, Gent. Justices.
March,I67S-76—Robert W in smo re, W il l iam Steven s, John Hudson,
Quorum ; Hen ry Trippe,Stephen Gary, Bartholomew Ennal ls
,Henry
Hooper, W i ll iam Ford, Thomas Sk inner, Charles Hutchins, Justices.
August, 1676—Robert Winsmor e, Wil l iam Stevens, Raymond Staple
Th is l ist is as complete as it is poss ib le to mak e i t. an d i s made up of those appo intedor el ected .
420 APPENDIX
1702—John Taylor, Richard Owen,Jacob Lo ckerman
,Roger Woolford,
John Tay lor, W il l iam Camp-bel l,Henry Ennalls, Gent. J utsices.
1703— Jacob Lockerman,Joseph Ennalls, Henry Ennalls
,John Tay lor,
Gent. Justices.
1704— John Lockerman, Joseph E nnalls, Walte r Campbel l, John Tay lor,
John Keene, Henry Ennal ls, Gent. Justices.
170 5—Walter Campbel l,Henry Ennalls
,Jacob Lockerman
,Joseph
Ennalls, John Taylor, Gent. Justices.
1706— Joseph Ennalls, Tobias Pol lard, Franc is Hayward, R ichard O'wen,
Henry Ennall s, Jacob Lockerman, Thomas Ennalls, Thomas H icks, Gent.
Justices.
170 7— Jacob Lockerman, Tobias Pol lard, Gent. Justices.
1708—Hen ry Ennal ls, John Ryder, Joseph Ennalls,Gen-t. Justices.
1709—To-bias Pol lard, Jacob Lockerman,Henry E nnalls
,John Ryder,
John Keene, Lev in H icks, James Cannon,Lockerman
, J r .,Gent.
’
J ustices.
1710 —Henry Ennalls, John Keene, Jacob Lockerman,Lev in H icks, Gent.
Justices.
I_ 7 11—Hen ry Ennalls, John Keene, Lev in H icks, Gent. Justices.
1712— Henry Ennalls, Lev in H icks,Jacob Lo ckerman, John Keene,
Walter Camp-bell,Gent. Justices .
17 13— Henry Ennalls, Levin H icks, Jacob Lockerman,Charles Nutter,
Gent. Justices.
1714— Levin H icks, John Ryder, Jacob Lockerman, Henry Ennal ls, JohnKeene, John Ryder, Gent. Justices.
1715- John Keene, Jacob Lockerman,Henry Ennalls, Henry Trippe,
Lev in H icks, Charles Nutter, Gent. Justices.
17 16— Jacob Lockerman,Hen ry Ennal ls, Levin H icks
,John Ryder,
Roger Woo lford, Gent. Justices .
17 17— Hen ry Ennal ls, Henry Tr ippe, Jacob Lockerman, John Keene,Roger Woolford
, Lev in H icks, Gent. Justices.
1718— Lev in H icks, Charles Nutter, John Ryder, Henry E nnal ls, RobertHarr ison, Jacob Lockerman, Roger Woolford
,Henry Trippe, Gent. J us
tices.
1719—John Ryder, Lev in H icks, John Keene, Walter Camp-bell, Hen ry
Tr ippe, Henry Ennalls, Charles Nutter, Gent. Justices.
1720—H en ry E nnalls,John Ryder, Peter Tay lor, John Robson, J us
tices o f the Peace .
172 1—Henry Ennalls, John Robson ,Hen ry Trippe, Peter Tay lor , Justices
of the Peace ; Charles Nutter, Roger Woolford, Justices of the Court ;John Keene, Justice of the Peace ; Jacob Lockerman, Justice of the Court.1722
— John Robson , John Keene.
1723— Jacob Lo-ckerman,
'
J u stice of the Peace ; Maj. Henry Ennal ls,
Justice of the Court ; Roger Woolfo rd , Justice of the P rov incial Court ;Peter Tay lor, Thomas Tay lor , Charles Nutter, John Robson,
Justices of thePeace.
APPENDIX 42 1
1724— Jacob Lockerman, Justice of the Court ; Thomas Tay lor, Peter
Tay lo r, Justices of the Peace ; Hen ry Ennal ls, Justice o f the Court ; JohnRobson,
Thomas Woo lford, Tobias Po llard , Justices o f the Peace .
172 5—Walter Campbel l, Justice of the Peace ; Hen ry Ennalls, Justice of
the Peace and Justice of the Court ; Tobias Pollard , John Robson, Thomas
Woo lford, Thomas Tay lor, Jacob Lockerman,Justices of the Peace ; John
Ryde r, Ju stice of the Peace and Justice of the Court.1726—Maj. Hen ry Ennalls
,John Ryder, Char les Nutter, Walter Camp
bell, Quorum ; Thomas Tay lor, Tobias Pol lard , Thomas Woo lford, PeterTay lor, John Robson, Thomas Woo lfor d, Anthony Raw lings, Justices .
1727— Henry Ennal ls, Charles Nutter, Tobias Po llard , Thomas Woolford,
John Ryd er, Walter Camp-bell,Peter Tay lor, Thomas Tay lor, Anthony
Rawl ings, Justices.
1728—Maj. Henry E nnalls, John Ryder, Walter Campbell, Capt. Char lesNutter, Capt. Thomas Tay lor, Tobias Pollard, Capt. Thomas Woo lford ,
Anthony Raw lings, Justices.
1729—Maj. Hen ry Ennalls, Co l . John Ryder, . Charles Nutter, Capt.Tobias Pol lard
,Capt. Tho-mas Wool for d, Anthony Raw lings,Walter Campu
bell, Peter Tay lor, John Hud son,2d , John LeCompte, Justices.
173o —Th-omas H icks, Hen ry E nnal ls, John Hod son,Justices .
173 1—Maj. Henry Ennalls, Co l. John Ryde r, Charles Nutter, Capt.
Tobias Po llard, Capt. Thomas Woo lford,Anthony Rawl ing s,Walter Camp
be ll, Peter Taylor , John Hud son,2d , John LeCompte, Justices.
1732— Henry Ennalls, Thomas Nevett, Thomas Woo lford, John White,Peter Tay lor, Walter Campbell, Tobias P ol lard, Charles Nutter, ThomasH icks Justices.
1733— Henry Hooper, John Hod son,
Thomas Nevet, Walter Campbell,Thomas Woo lfor d, John White, Peter Tay lor, Justices ; ( Francis O ’
Con
nor ) , Receiver Bail iff and Collector of qu it rents due .
1734— Henry Hooper, Walter Campbell, Thomas Woo lfo rd,John White,
Thomas Nevet, Bartholomew Ennalls, Thomas H icks, W ill iam Murray,
Joseph Enna lls, John E cc leston, Justices .
1735—Thomas H icks, Adam Mu i r,Henry Travers, Joseph Ennalls, Basil
Noel l,Samuel Fountain, Bartholomew Ennalls, W il liam Murray, Thomas
Nev it, John E ccleston, Franci s Mooney, Hen ry Trippe, Ben j am ine Keene,John Hoope r, Justices.
1736—John Hooper, Samuel Fountain, Benj . Keene, Isaac N icol ls, HenryTr ippe, Thomas Nevett
,Justices.
1737—Will iam Murray, Henry Tr ippe,John E ccleston,
Thomas H icksJoseph Ennalls
,Basi l Noel, Henry Hooper, Benj . Keene, Thomas Nevett,
Hen ry Travers, John Jones, Charles Dick inson,Bartholomew Ennal ls,
J ustices.
1738—Henry Travers, Ben j . Keene, W ill iam Murray, Henry Trippe,Thomas Nevett, Basi l Noel, Justices.
1739—Henry Travers, John Jones, W i ll iam Clarkson, Thomas Nevett,
42 2 APPENDIX
W i l liam Murray, John E ccleston, Bartholomew E nnalls,Ben j . Keene,
J ustices.
1740—Thomas Nevett, Will iam Murray, Basil Noel l, Bartholomew
Ennalls, Thomas H icks, Edward Trippe, Hen ry Hooper, Ben j . Keene,J ohn Jones, Justices.
1741—John E cc leston, Thomas Nevett, W ill iam Murray, Thomas H icks,Joseph Ennalls, Charles Di ck inson, Justices.
1742—Thomas Nevett, W ill iam Murray, Henry Travers, John Jones,Edward Trippe, B
‘
en j . Keene, Basi l Noell, John E cc leston, Justices ; AdamMu ir
, Justice of Provincial Court.1743 —Benj . Keene, Charles Di ckinson, Thomas Nevett,William Murray,
Henry Travers, James B ill ings, Justices.
May 30, 1744—Thomas Nevett, W ill iam Murray, Joseph Ennalls, AdamMui r, J ohn E ccleston, Henry Travers, Quorum ; Ben j . Keene, Basil Noel,John Jones, Charles Dickinson ,
James B illings, Thomas Foster, Thomas
Mackeele, E zek ie l Keene, Henry Hoo per, W . Thomas, Justices .
1745— Thomas Nevett, W i ll iam Murray, Basi l Noell, Thomas Foster,Justices.
1746—Charles Dick inson, Ben j . Keene, Bartholomew Ennalls, W il l iamMurray, Thomas Foster, Henry Travers, Joseph Ennalls, Justices.
1747—W i lliam Murray, John E ccleston, Bartholomew Ennal ls, JohnEnnal ls, John Jones, Thomas Nevett, Benj . Keene, Henry Hooper, Justiceof Prov inc ial Court ; Lev in H icks.
1748—W i ll iam Murray, Bartholomew Ennal ls, Henry Travers, LevinH icks, I saac N icol ls, Benj . Keene, Charles Dick inson, John E ccleston,
John Jones, Thomas Nevett, Thomas Foster, Justices.
1749—Hen ry Travers, Ben j . Keene, John E ccleston, Charles Di ckinson,Isaac N icolls, Thomas Foster
,Lev in H icks, W i l liam Murray, Justices.
1750 —Levin H icks, Thomas Mackeele, W i ll iam Murray, John E ccleston,
Joseph E nnalls,Thomas Mu ir, E dward Tr ippe, Robert Polk, Charles
Dick inson, Henry Travers, Ben j . Keene, Thomas Mackeele, Justices .
175 1—W i l liam Murray, Tho-mas Mackeele, John E cc leston ,John Jones,
Lev in H icks,E d '
ward Trippe, John Capson,Robert Polk, Henry Hooper,
Charles Dick inson, Justices .
1752— John Jones, Thomas Mackeele, Lev in H icks, W ill iam Murray,
Joseph Ennal ls, Hen ry Hooper, Dan iel Sul ivan, Thomas Foster, W ill iamClarkson, E dward Tr ipp-e, Joseph E ccleston, Justices.
1753— W i l liam Murray, Charles Di ckinson, John Jones, E dward Trippe,
Henry Travers,Ben j . Keene, Joseph Eccleston, Levin H icks
,Thomas
Mackeele, Thomas Foster, Justices.
1754—Thomas Foster, Charles Dickinson, W il liam Murray, Henry
Hooper, Henry Hooper, J r., E dward Tr ippe, Robert Polk, Joseph Eccleston ,
Justices.
175 5—W i ll iam Murray, John Capson, Ben j . Keene, John Jones, Char les
424 APPENDIX
E dward Trippe, Wi ll iam Haskins, Thomas Wh ite, John Go ld sborough,Justices.
1770—Charles Dick inson,John Go ld sborough,W i ll iam Haskins, Wil liam
Ennalls, Thomas White, Dan iel Sul ivane, Robert Po lk, James Footel, JohnDickinson, John Bennett, James Mu ir, Justices.
1771—Dan iel Su l ivane,Thomas White, Benson Stanton, John Dickinson,
James Mu ir, W ill iam E nnalls, John Gold sborough, James Footel,John
Bennett, Charles Di ck inson, Justices .
1772—W i ll iam Ennalls, John Gold sborough, James Mu ir,Dan iel Sul i
vane, James Footel, Charles Dickinson, John Di ckinson, John Bennett,Hugh E ccleston, Justices.
1773,—Wi lliam Ennal ls, John Gol d sborough, John Di ck inson,Dan iel
Su livane, Thomas Wh ite, John Bennett, James Mu ir,Hug h E ccl eston ,
Joseph R ichard son, Justices.
1774—Will iam Ennalls, John Dickinson, Hugh E ccleston,Joseph Richard
son, James Mu i r,Dan iel Su livane, John Bennett, Justices.
1775— Dan iel Su livane, W ill iam Ennalls,John Dickin son,
James Mu ir,Hugh E ccleston, Joseph Richard son, Justices.
1776—W il liam E nnalls, John Dick inson,Joseph R ichardson
,Justices.
1777— Robert Harr ison,Hen ry Lake, Ben j amin Keene, Thomas Jones,
Joseph R ichardson,John Smith
,John Dick inson
,John Smoot, Justices.
1778 -E dward Noell, W i ll iam Ennal ls,Robert Harrison, James Murray,
Joseph R ichard son, Thomas Jones, James Shaw, Ben j amin Keene, W ill iamHask in s
,Henry E nnalls, Justices.
1779— Joseph Ri chardson, James Shaw, W i ll iam Ennalls, Robert Harri
son, John D ick inson,Thomas F. E ccleston, Ben j . Keen e, Henry Lake,
Thomas H il l Airey, Justices.
1780—John Smoot, Joseph Richardson, Thomas Hi ll Ai rey, RobertHarrison
,John Dickinson, Wi ll iam Ennal ls, Thomas Jones, Thomas F.
E ccleston, James Shaw, Ben j . Keene, Henry Lake, E dward Noell, JohnSmoot, Justices .
1781— Benj . Keene, Thomas Jones, John Dick inson,W i l liam Ennalls,
Joseph Richard son, Robert Harrison, Thomas E ccleston, Edward Noell,James Shaw, John. Smoot
,Thomas A irey, Justices.
1782— Wi lliarn Ennalls
,Thomas A irey, Joseph R ichard son, Ben j . Keene,
Henry Lake, John Dickinson, Thomas E ccleston, James Shaw, Justices .
1783—Thomas A i rey, John Smoot, John D ickinson, Joseph Richard s-on,Wi ll iam Ennal ls, Thomas Jones, Ben j . Keene, Henry Lake, Thomas
E ccleston,John Gold sborough, E dward Noel l, James Shaw,
Hen ry Dickin
son ,Labd iel Potter, Robert Harrison, Justices .
1784—John Dickinson, Joseph R ichardson, Benj . Keene, Henry Lake,John Smoot, James Shaw
,Thomas Jones, Thomas A irey, Edward Noell,
Thomas E ccleston,-W ill iam Ennalls, Justices.
1785— John Dick inson, Joseph R ichard son, Edward Noell, Thomas Airey,
APPENDIX 42 5
Thomas Jones, Benj . Keene, James Shaw,John Smoot, Henry Lake,
Justices.
1786— E dward Noel l, Thomas Jones, John Dick inson,John Smoot
,Ben j .
Keene, Henry Lake, James Shaw, Joseph Daffin,Robertson Stevens, Robert
Griffith, Lev in Ki rkman, John E ccleston, Justices.
1787— John Smoot, Ben j amine Keene, Robertson Stevens, John Eccles
ton , E dward Noell, Henry Lake, Robert Griffith, Thomas Jones, JamesShaw,
Lev in Kirkman , Justices .
1788—John Smoot, E dward No el l, Ben j . Keene, Hen ry Lake, Lev inKirkman
,John E ccleston, Thomas Jones, Robertson Stevens; Robert
Grifli th, James Shaw, Jos eph Daffin, Justices .
1789—Lev in Kirkman,Thomas Jones, Joseph D'
affin,John Smoot, Henry
Lake, Robertson Steven s, E dward Noell, James Shaw,Ben j . Keene,
Thomas Bourke, Moses LeCompte, Dan iel Su l ivane, Justices.
1790—John Smoot, Henry Lake E dward Noell, Dan iel Sulivane, Thomas
Jones, Moses LeCompte, Solomon B rickhead,John Tootle, James Shaw,
Justices.
1792— Henry Lake, John Stevens, Lev in Woolford,Justices .
1794—Henry Lake, John Keene, John Steven s, Levin Woolford
,Moses
LeCompte, Thomas Jones, Richard Pattison,Justices.
1795—Moses LeCompte, John Stevens, Henry Lake, John Good ing, JohnReed, Dav id Smith Lev in. Woolford, Thomas Jones, John W il liams
,John
Cropper, Char les Adams,John Keene
,Richard Patt ison, Thomas
‘
Barnett,
John E cc leston, Stan ley Byus, Samuel B rown,Justices.
1796— John Stevens, John Keene, Henry Lake, John Reed , David Smith,John Cropper, Lev in Woolford , John W il liams, Thomas Barnett, Thomas
Jones, Moses Lecompte, Samuel B rown,John Good ing, Richard Patti son ,
Justices.
1797— Lev in Woolford, John Cropper, Charles Adams, John StevensJohn Reed , John Good ing, Mo ses LeCompte, Henry Lake, David Sm ith,Samuel W. P itt, R ichard Pattison, John W illiams, Thomas Barnett,Justices.
1798—Richard Pattison, Samuel P itt, Dav id Smith, Thomas Barnett,Thomas Jones, Robert Griffith, Moses LeCompte, Levin Woo lford, JohnReed , John Stevens, James Steele, Mathew Keene, Charles Adams, JohnCropper, John W ill iams, Justices.
1799—Moses LeCompte, John Reed, John Will iams, Thomas Barnett,
John Stevens, Robert Griffith, Lev in Woolford,Charles Adams
,Thomas
Jones, Matthew Keene, R ichard Pattison, John Cropper, Sam-uel P itt,
John Craig, David Smith, Ju stices.
1800—Levin Woolford , Samuel P itt,Moses LeCompte, John Reed , John
Stevens, John Craig, Robert Griffith, Richard Pattison, Thomas Jones,
420 ,
k'eiv
John W i ll iams, Matthew Charles Adams,John
Cropper, Thomas Barnett, Justices.
180 1— Levin Woo lford, John Steven s, R ichard Gold sborough,Samuel
P itt, Francis Turpin, Charles Adams, Mathew Keene, M itchell Russum,
Justices .
M M
1802— George Ward, John Stevens, John Cropper, Matthew Keene,Robert Griffith, Le vin Woolford
,Thomas Jon es, Richard Pattison,
R ichardGold sborough, John W i ll iams
,Thomas Barnett, Samuel P itt, Charles
Adams, Patri ck Crain, M . W . Nesbit, John Craig, Justices.
180 3— Richard Goldsbo rough, Richard P attison, Levin Woo lford , M . W .
Nesbi t, Matthew Keene,E dward Griffith, John Stevens, Henry Hask ins
John Smith, Samuel W . P itt, Thomas Jones, John W i l l iams, John Cropper,Justices.
1804— Henry Hask ins,Bartholomew Ennalls, Matthew Keene, E dward
Griffith, John Steven s, Ben j . Linthicum, Henry Smoot, M itchell Russum,
Samuel W . P itt, Tho-mas Barnett, John Smith, Samuel B rown,John S .
McNamara, Lev in Woolford, R ichard Gold sborough, R ichard Pattison,John W il l iam, Thomas Jones, Justices !180 5— John W il liams
, M . W . Nesbitt, Matthew Keene, Henry Smoot,Samuel W . P itt
,Lev in Woo lford , Thomas Jones, E dward Grifli th, John
S . McNamara, Joshua Po lk, R ichard Pattison, Henry Hask ins, Samuel
B rown, Thomas Barnett, Richard Gold sborough, Jacob Wright, Sen ,
Thomas Thompson, Sen , Jacob Wright, J r ., Justices.
1806—R ichard Pattison, John B rohawn, Thomas Jones, Matthew Keene,M . W . Nesbit, Henry Smoot, Edward Griffith, John McNamara, Samuel
B rown,Theopi lus Marshall, Lev in Wool ford, M itchell Russum, Thomas
Barnett, Richard Gold sborough, John W i ll iams, L. Hod son, Hen ry Has
k in s, Thomas Thompson,Sr ., Samuel Col lins, Whittington,
Justices .
1807— Hen ry Smoot, Levin Wool ford
,Samuel Smoot, Thomas Thomp
son, S r ., Samuel B rown, Dav id H iggins, M itchel l Russum,R ichard Patti
son, Theopilus Marshall, Thomas Barnett,W i l liam Geoghgan, Frederick
Bennett, Henry Charles, Samuel Col lins, Richard Gold sborough, JohnB rohawn
,Bartholomew Ennalls, John Lynch, W i ll iam Byus, Justices.
1808—Levin Marshall, John Smoot, Thomas Thompson, S r.,W i ll iam
Byus, Dav id H iggins, R ichard Gold sborough, John W i lliams,John
B rohawn,W il liam Geoghegan, John Stevens, Samuel B rown,
E dward
Griffith, Matthew Keene, Henry Keene (of John ) , Samuel Co l lins,Freder ick Bennett, Henry Keene, Henry Hask ins, Jacob Wright, J r.,
C lement Waters, Henry Charles, Justices.
1809 —John Steven s, Matthew Keene, Henry Keene, M . W. Nesbitt,Frederick Bennett, Saml . Col lins, Henry Hask ins, Lev in Marshall, RichardPattison , John Smoot, Bartholomew Ennalls, R ichard Gold sborough, JohnJones, W illiam Geoghegan, W i lliam Byus, Thomas Eccleston, Samuel
B rown, Dav id H iggins, John B rohawn, Matthias Travers, Joshua Polk,Henry Charles, Justices.
428 APPENDIX
1819—Lev in Marshall, Will iam Flint, M ichael Lucas, John Donovan,
Solomon Kirwan,Justices.
1820—Will iam B . Martin, John Donovan, Henry Smoot, Matthew Smith,
Dav id H igg ins, Samuel LeCompte, Geo rge Lake, Joseph E v itt, Phil ip. S .
Yates,Franc is Webb, James Thompson, R ichard C . Keene, W i ll iam Med
ford , Thomas Byus, James Carrol l, James Pattison, Thomas H il l, Wi ll iamS . Harper, Hen ry Cl i ft, Wi ll iam Byus, Henry Keene, Peter Harrington,
E zekiel Wheatley, John B rohawn,Samuel ‘ Sewal l’, Levin Woolford
W i l liam M . Robi nson,M inos Adams, Justices.
182 1— Levin Marshall,Edward Gr iffith
,Wm. S . Harper, Thomas H ill,
George Lake, David H igg ins, Joseph Ev itt, Samuel LeCompte, Philip S .
Yates, John Mu ir, Franc is Webb, James Thompson, R ichard C. Keene,W i ll iam Med ford , Lev in R ichard son,
Thomas Byus,”
James Carrol l, James
Pattison, God frey Deane, Hen ry C li ft, John W i ll is, J ob B reerwood, W il l iamByus, Henry Keene, Peter Harrington ,
E zek iel Wheatley, John Brohawn,
Samuel Sewal l, Jere B ramble, Lev in Wool ford, Wm. M . Robinson,
M inosAdams, Wi l l iam Geoghegan, Justices.
1822— James Cropper, John Travers, Thomas H icks, George Graham,
Levin Richard son, Samuel Rawleigh, James Carroll, James B . Travers,E ccleston B rown, Moses Geoghegan, Thomas Summers
,Clement Mc
Namara, Francis Webb,Wi lliam Med ford, James Pattison,Wm . M . Robinson, Lev in Woolford
,Samuel Sewel l, John B rohawn, E zek iel Wheatley,
Peter Harrington, Henry Keene, Justices.
1823—Absalom Thompson, Thomas Lee, Dan iel Barnes, James Cropper,Levin Richard son, Samuel Raw leigh, James Carroll, E cc leston B rown,Clement McNamara, Francis Webb, W il l iam Med ford, James Pattison ,
Hen ry Keene, Peter Harrington,E zekiel Wheatley, John B rohawn,Samuel
Sewel l, Lev in Woolford,Wm. M . Robinson,
Justices .
1824— Reuben Lew is, James Hammersley, Thomas Walker,Herndon
Haralson, Thomas Chapman , James Layton,Robert Hurley, John Douglas,
James Houston, James Cropper, Lev in R ichard son,Samuel Raw leigh,
James Carro l l, Clement McNamara,Eccleston B rown
,James Pattison,
W il l iam Medford, Franc is Webb, Henry Keene, Peter Harr ington ,E zek iel
Wheatley, John B rohawn, Samuel Sewell, Lev in Wool ford,Wm. M . Robinson, Justices.
182 5—Samuel LeCompte, Thomas B reerwood , James Houston,James
Mu i r,W il liam Byus, Reuben Lew is, Moses Geoghegan, James Hammersley,
George Graham, Peter Harr ington, Thomas Lee, W ill iam S . Harper,James B . Travers
,Thomas H ill, Thomas H icks, Robert Hurley, R ichard C.
Keene, E zek iel Wheatley, John Douglas, Francis Webb, John B rohawn,
Jere B ramble, George Lake, E dward Griffith, Henry Keene, John Donovan,
D. H . Barrow, M inos Adams, E ccleston B rown,Henry Thomas, J . Bennett,
J am-es Cropper, Clement McNamara, Dan iel Cannon
,Thomas S immons,
Lev in R ichard son,Thomas Jones Joseph E v itt, Justices.
—Phi lip S . Yates,Benj amin Todd, Noah Dixon, W
'
. G . E ccleston,
APPENDIX 429
Joseph N icols, Jo sa. Humph riss, E dward Wr ight, James Layton,James
Mu ir, Thomas B reerwood, James Houston,W il liam Byus, Reuben Lew is,
Moses Geoghegan, James Hammersley, George Graham,Peter Harrington ,
Thomas Lee James B . Travers, Thomas H i ll, Thomas H icks, Robert Hur
ley, Richard C. Keene, E zekiel Wheatley, John Douglas, Franc is Webb,
John Brohawn, Jere B ramble, George Lake, E dward Gr iffith, Henry Keene,John Donovan, D. W . Barrow, E ccleston B rown,
M inos Adams, Hen ry
Thomas, J . Bennett, James Cropper, Cl ement McNamara, Joseph Ev itt,Thomas Jones, Levin Richard son, Dan iel Cannon, Thomas S immons,Justices.
1827— James Houston, W. G . Ecc leston, Lev i D'
. Travers,Matthias
Travers,James Cropper, Thomas H ill, Phi lip S . Yates, J os. Humpr iss,
Lev in R ichardson, Whitefield Woo lford, John Douglass, E zek iel Wheatley,George Lake, George Graham, James Hammersley, Lev in Woo lford
,John
Muir, W i lliam Byus, E dward Griffith, M inos Adams, Edward Wr ight,
Joseph E vitt, Dan iel Cannon,John W i llis, Franc i s Webb, Jere B ramble,
James Houston, John Donovan, Wesley Wood land,I saac F. Wi ll iams,
Clement McNamara, W il l iam Med for d, James Thompson, Joseph K .
Travers, Thomas H icks, Thomas Chapman,Thomas Summers
,Wil liam J .
Ford ,W i ll iam Byus, James Carroll, James Corkran, Denwood H . Barrow,
Stephen LeCompte (of Lewis Ross,Thomas Barnett, Wm. Banning,
Justices.
1828—Matthias Travers, Samuel Sewell, Noah Dixon, Thomas Jones,Joseph E . Whittington,
F isher Evans, E l i j ah Tal l, James LeCompte, JereB ramble, James Houston, John Donovan, Wesley Wood land, I saac F.
W i lliams, Clement McNamara, W il liam Med ford , Joseph K . Travers,W i l liam J . Ford, Will iam Byus, James Carroll, Samuel Corkran,
Denwood
H . Barrow,Stephen LeCompte of L., Thomas Barnett, Justices.
1829—James G iv in, S r .,Peter Harr ington,
Reuben Lew is, St. George E .
Roberts, J os . A . Humphriss, Wm. Geoghegan, Stephen And rews, N imrod
Newt-on , Samuel L. Rawleigh, Arthur H . W i l lis,E ccleston B rown,Wm . D.
Barrow, Jeremiah B ramble, Joseph N icols, E li j ah Tall, Solomon Kirwan,
Lev in Wool ford , Uriah Med ford , Fisher E vans, James Lecompte, James
Houston , Matthias Travers, James Cropper, Phil ip S . Yates, J os. A . Hum
phriss, Lev in R ichard son,Whitefield Woolford
,John Douglass, E zekiel
Wheatley, George Lake, George Graham, James Hammersley, W ill iamByus, E dward Griffith, W i ll iam Byus, M inos Adams, E dward Wright,
Joseph E v itt, Dan iel Cannon,John W i ll is, Franc is Webb, James Houston,
John Donovan,Wesley Woo d land , I saac W i ll iams
,Clement McNamara,
W i l liam Med for d , Joseph K. Travers, Wi l l iam J . For d, James Carroll,Samue l Corkran, D. H . Barrow ,
Stephen LeCompte of L.,Thomas BarnettJustices .
l 83o —Henry C . E lbert, James Fraz ier, John Smith, John Sped den, Hugh
Neild, John Row ins,James Craig,
Thomas Evans, John Ty ler, Benj aminS lacum, Samuel Craig, Hen ry Keene, Henry Shenton, Matthew Smith, J r.,
430 APPENDIX
Cassidy Raw lins, Daniel Fo llin,W il liam Newton,
Franc is Webb, George A.
Smith, Samuel L. Rawle igh, Reuben Lewi s, F isher E vans, Samuel Sewell,Clement McNamara, John Donovan, James Houston, W il liam J . Ford,W illiam Med ford, Jere B ramble, James Cropper, Phillip S . Yates, Lev inRichard son
,George Graham,
James Hammersley, W i ll iam Byus, M inosAdams,Dan ie l Cannon,
Justice‘
s.
183 1—Chas. W. Reed, Samuel Pattison,Levin Jones, Joseph S . Hooper,
John G. Abbott, Henry Cook, G . McB ride, W il liam And rews, George A .
Smith,W il liam Newton,
Cassidy Raw l ings, Henry Shenton,Hen ry Keene,
Samuel Craig, Ben j amin S lacum,John Spedden, John Row ins, John
Smith, Solomon Kirwan, E l i j ah Tal l, St. George Roberts, Reuben Lew is,Fisher E vans, James Lecompte, Thomas Barnett, Lew is Ross, Joseph K.
Travers,Clement McNamara, Thomas Summers, John Donovan
,James
Houston, Jere B ramble, W ill iam Medford, Thomas J . Ford, James Crop
per, E zek iel Wheatley, James Hammersley, Wi lliam Byus, E dward Wr ight,
Dan iel Cannon, M inos Adams, Justices .
1832— James Houston, John Donovan, J os. K. Travers,W ill iam Newton,
Thomas Barnett, Lev in Richard son,Hugh Nei ld, Cassidy Raw lings,
Matthew Travers, Lev i D. Travers,John G. Ah bott, Solomon Robinson,
Luke Mez ick, Thos. I . H . E ccleston,So lomon Kirwan, George Graham,
Whitefiel d Woolford, Minos Adams, E dward Wright, William I . Ford,W ill iam Byus, Henry Keene, James Hammersley, Samuel Craig, W i lliamFraz ier, George A . Smith
,Barz alla Street, Moses Geoghegan, James
LeCompte, N imrod Newton,James Carroll, Stephen And rews, Th‘
omas
Summers, Samuel Pattison,Stand ley R ichard son,
Sam-uel Sewell, Wesley
Wood land , W. G . E ccl eston,Richard C . Keene, W i l l iam Newton, Joseph S .
Hooper, John Wi lliams,Thomas Jones, Henry Keene, James Smith,
C lement McNamara, W ill iam Andr ews, Uriah Medford, John Spedden,John Coll ins, E ccle ston B rown
,R ichard Tall, John Row ins, Timothy
McNamara, Lew is Ross, I 'fevin Keene (of Peter Harr ington, M ichaelLucas, Justices.
1833—W i lliam I . Ford , Wil liam Byus, James Houston ,John Donovan,
George A . Smith,G. McB r ide, Bar z alla Street, Henry Keene, James
Smith, James Hammersley, Samuel Craig,John Newton, Wi lliam Newton,
Joseph K. Travers,James Hou ston,
Ur iah Med ford , M inos Adams, JosephVaughn, Wm. Bann ing, Clement McNamara
,Timothy McNamara, Lew i s
Ross, Fisher E vans, Samuel Pattison,Solomon Kirwan,
Levin Keene,E l i j ah Tall, N imrod Newton
,John Newton,
Samuel Sewel l,E dward
Wr ight, John Co ll ins, Joseph S . Hooper, Thomas Barnett,Wi l l iam
And rews, John Row ins, James Carrol l, James Mu ir,S . I . Pattison ,
JohnSpedden, Levin R ichard son, Whitefield Woolford, John G. Abbott, E ccleston B rown, Charles W . Reed, Hen ry C. E lbert
,Henry L. McNamara,
Ben j . T. Street, M inos Adams, Henry Cook, Stand ley Richard son,W ill iam
S . Hooper, E dward Wright.
1834—Henry C . E lbert, Joseph S . Hooper, W ill iam I . Ford, Samuel
432 APPENDIX
Ross, Reuben Martina, W . E . Greene, N imrod Newton,B rannock Moore,
W. D. Lynch, Horatio Hughes, Thomas Barnett,Justices.
1838—W i l liam I . Ford, John R . Creighton, Lev in Richard son,Standley
Richard son , R ichard Tu ll, M inos Adams, John Newton,Gardner Bayley,
James Smith, Levin L. Keene, John Webb, B rannock Moore, E l ij ah Tall,T. I . Pattison, H . W illcox
,G . McB ride, N imrod Newton,
Nathan iel E .
Greene, John Thompson, Reuben Martina, Char les A . Travers, W . Wood
land, Samuel Collins, Lev in Marshal l,James Dixon,
James Carro-l l, JohnRow ins, Henry Cook, John Spedden, James Hammersley, Lev in W . Tall,
A . R. Wallace, Edward Wright, Devereux Travers,Arthur Bell, Stephen
And rews, John Row ins, W i lliam Fraz ier, Thomas Barnett, J . F. E cc leston,
Barz i llia S lacum,Horatio Hughes, Justices.
1839—James Hammersley, Lev in W . Tal l,Gardner Bay ley, John Newton,
John G. Abbott, Solomon Robinson, James Carro ll, Stephen And rews,Thomas Summers
,T. I . Pattison, Charles A. Travers, Samuel I . Meek ins,
W i ll iam And rews, Timothy McNamara,Samuel Craig, Devereux Travers,
Samuel Sewell,Hen ry Cook, M inos Adams, Edward Wr ight, W i ll iam
How ith Barz i llia S lacum, Levin Keene, Cain Hurley, James Rea, John D.
Stevens, John Spedden,James Dixon, Ald en B . Sm ith, Charles A . Travers,
Wm. I . Ford , John Keene, W '
esley Wood land, W ill iam Rhea, Solomon F.
Kirwan, Thomas Barnett, W ill Bann ing, W il l iam Newton, Thomas
Adams, Levi D. Travers, Travers Sp icer, John D'
. Stevens,H . W i llcox,
John H . Hod son , C lement McNamara, H . C . E lbe rt, M itchell Thompson,E cc leston B rown
, Ignatius B . Newton,John B . Cau lk, Richard Tull, Hen ry
Shenton, John F. E ccleston,James Mowbr ay, J r.,
Vincent Moore, LukeMez ick
,Jacob E lston,
Wil liam D. Lynch, Stand ley Richardson ,D . W .
Tyler,Travers B . Tol ley, B rannock Moore, George A. Smith, Fisher Evans,Edward Thomas, Joseph S . Hooper, Ju stices.
l 84o— Lev in R ichard son,Whitefield Woolford , James Dixon, Henry
Shenton,John F. E ccleston,
Samuel Abbott, Thomas Hubbard, John New
ton, Gardner Bay ley, George A . Smith,John G. Abbott, James Rea,
Solomon F, K irwan, Samuel Sewell, John D. Stevens, So lomon Robin son,John Spedden, W i lliam Fraz ier, James Smith, Thomas Adams
,El isha
Co rkran, Horatio Hughes, W i ll iam Newtofi,John B. Caulk, James Gou ld,
Thomas Barnett, John G. Abbott,T. I . P attison, James Hammersley,
Thomas Summers, Hen ry Cook, E dward Thomas, M itchel l Thompson,
D. W. Ty ler, Luke Mez ick, Samuel Tw i lley, Cain Hur ley, Tho-mas B reerwood, James R . McK ewer
,V incent Moore, Wesley Woodland , John
Hooper, Stand ley R ichard son, John B . Creighton, Henry C. E lbert,Lew is
Ross, M inos Adams, W ill iam T . Parks, Algernon Tho-mas, Peter Harring
ton,Samuel Harrington,
Robert Bell, B rannock Moore, Charles I . Smith,James E . Golslin,
W il liam Rhea, Greenbu ry , Devereux Travers, GeorgeTy ler, Travers B . To-l ley, Charles Corkran, Jeremiah B ramble, Justices.
1841— Charles Corkran, Thomas Barnett, Whitefield Wool ford, SamuelCraig, Travers B . Tolley, W il liam Rhea, E dward Thomas, John G . Abbott,
APPENDIX 433
James Rea, James Gould , Charles I . Sm ith , Samuel Sewell ,Uriah M ed ford ,
Dan iel Cannon , John B . Cau lk, C lement McNamara, George Ty ler, Hen ry
Shenton,George A . Smith, W i lliam McMichael, B rannock Moore, Fisher
E vans, John Hooper, Chas. A . Travers, John W. Dai l,D. W . Ty ler,
Richard Pattison, R ichard Tall, Solomon Robinson, Henry Cook, Lew isRoss
,Henry C . E lbert, John D. Stevens, James Mowbray, J r., E lisha
Cor kran, Algernon Thomas, V incent Moore, James R . McK iever, Samuel
Abbott,Thomas Hubbard , W ill iam Newton, Samuel Tw illey, Stand ley
Richard son, James Hammersley, M inos Adams,Lew is Ross, Lev in R ich
ard son, William Newton, Jeremiah B ramble, James Smith, John Spedden,Justices.
1842— Henry Shenton, D. W. Ty ler, Charles Corkran , James Rea,
Wi lliam Newton, John D. Stevens, George A. Smith, Wil l iam McMichael,Charles I Smith, Samuel Tw i lley, Lev i D. Travers, Wm. F. Geoghegan,
James Hammersley, Stand ley R ichard son, Marcel lus D. Keene, James
Gould, A . H . Pen ington, Henry W. Gray, Wi lliam T .
” Parks, John G .
Abbott, B rannock Moore,G. McB ri de, Henry C. Elbert, Solomon Robinson,
Henry Cook, Thomas H . Ruark, Fisher E vans, Jeremiah B ramble, Will iamRhea, E dward Thomas, John Spedden, Lewis Ross, George Ty ler, M inosAdams, Dan iel Cannon, Clement McNamara, Algernon Thomas
, J oel
Cornwel l, E lisha Corkran,Marcel lus D‘
. Keene, R ichard Tal l, ~WhitefieldWoolford
,Travers B . To lley, Fielder Jones, James R. McK eever, V incent
Moo re, Justices.
1843—Wil liam Rhea, Henry Cook, John Radcliff, James Rea, CharlesCorkran, Travers B . Tol ley, Richard Tal l, W ill iam Newton, John D.
Stevens, John G. Abbott, Solomon Robinson, John P . Abbott, SamuelTw i lley, Daniel Cannon, V incent Moo-re, Samuel Craig, Henry Shenton,D. W . Ty ler, John A. Rad cl iff, R ichard Pattison, C lement McNamara,
W i ll iam Geoghegan,Caleb Griffin, James Mowbray, Jeremiah B ramble,
James Gould, Fisher E vans, W i l liam McMichael,Whitefield Wool ford,
James Smith, Joel Cornwell, George A . Smith, Levi D. Travers, James E .
Gos l in, Fielder Jones, Charles A. Travers, R ichard Pattison, E dwardB rodess, Lew is R'
oss, E l isha Corkran, Algernon Thomas, James Moore,
W il liam Staplefort, Justices.
1844— Henry Cook, John A . Radcl i ff, James Hammersley, S tand leyRichardson, Will iam Newton,
John D. Stevens, Henry Shenton, FielderJones
,George A. Smith, Joe l Cornwell, James Rea, Charles I . Smith,
James E . Gosl in, W ill iam Rhea, E dward Thomas, Whitefield Wool ford,
Charles A . Travers, Wi ll iam Staplefort, R ichard Tall, Jeremiah B ramble,James Gould, John G. Abbott, D. W . Ty ler, Samuel Tw i lley, E dward W.
Morris, James Moore, Caleb Gr ifl‘in, Dan iel Cannon, James Smith, Clement
McNamara, B rannock Moore, Thomas J . Ball E dward B rod ess, Joseph A .
Emondson, Samuel Abbott, E dward R . Gosl in,Justices.
1845—George A . Smith, B rannock Moore,James Rea, Charles Corkran,
W ill iam McMichael, E l i j ah. K. Hurley, Thomas J . Ball, Henry C. Elbert,
28
434 APPENDIX
Daniel Cannon, Charles T. Smith, Edward W. Tull, W illiam Newton,John D. Stevens, D. W. Ty ler, Henry Shenton,
C lement McNamara, James
Gould, E dward W. Morris,Edward R. Gos l in, Wi l liam W . LeCompte,
Robert Bell, Fielder Jones, Charles A . Travers, Robert R . Robertson,
James Mowbray, James Moore, James Hamme rsley, Standley R ichard son,Gardner Bayley, James Cooper, Richard Tall, Jeremiah B ramble, James
R. McK eever, Thomas Barnett, John D. B rower, Fisher E vans, CharlesW. B reerwood, Lev in M itchel l, W i ll iam Howeth, T. I . Pattison,
KendalFooks, Horatio Hughes, G. P . Lake, J . L. Magu ire, John Shoacre, JohnWebb, Stephen And rews, Justices.
1846 —Thomas Barnett, John F. E ccleston, R ichard Tall, Samuel Craig,W il liam W. LeCompte, Robert Bell, Augustus T. Wheatley, Hen ry Shenton, James Cooper, Gardner Bayley, John G. Abbott, H . W interbottom,
James Hammersley, Stand ley Richard son, N imrod Newton ,John Webb,
Edward Wright, Edward Tu ll,Whitefield Wool ford, T imothy McNamara,
B rannock Moore,John D. Bower, John Showacrc, J . L. Magu ire, Robert
R. Robertson, Kendal Fooks, El ij ah Tall, James Geoghegan ,G. P . Lake,
W i ll iam Howeth, James Smith, James Mowbray, Fielder G. Jones, JohnWebb, Devereux Travers, Algernon Thomas, Ho ratio Hughes, SamuelSewell, Justices.
1847— E dward Tul l, A . T. Wheatley, Robert Bell, Wm. W . LeCompte,
George A . Smith,Fisher E vans, John Sped den, C. W . B reerwood, Robert
R . Robertson, John Webb,W i lliam Howeth, John B . Leck ie, De vereux
Travers, James Cooper, Timothy McNamara,Stephen Andrews, Fielder
G. Jones, V incent P . Moore, Samuel Sewel l, Stand ley R ichard son, JohnD. Bower, J . L. Magu ire, John Showacrc, B rannock Moore, John T.
Stewart,Gardner Bay ley, W i lliam Newton,
John D. Stevens, James Ham
mersley, G. P . Lake, Charles I . Smith,Horatio Hughes, J . W. Henry,
Thomas Barnett, Robert H . Mu ir, James L. Geoghegan , John B . Leck ie,W il liam Spear, Lev in Craig, Richard Tal l, N imrod Newton, James N .
Sherman, Justices.
1848—Wm. W . LeCompte, Robert Bell, W il liam How eth,W i ll iam Spear,B rannock Moore, J. W. Henry, Thomas Barnett, Charles Corkran, James
Rea, E li j ah Tal l, Richard Tal l, James Smith, James L. Geoghegan, JohnR . Shenton, F ielder G . Jones, J . L . Magu ire, John Showacre, Gard nerBayley, C. W. Breerwood , Robert H . Mu ir
,G . P . Lake, N imrod Newton,
James W . Sherman, Edward Tul l, V incent P . Moore, Robert R. Robertson,
Stephen And rews, Chas. T. Sm ith, Noah Abbott, John Roszell, A . S .
Harper, D. W. Ty ler, Samuel Hard ican,A . T. Wheatley, James Craig,
John W . Travers, N icho las Langfit, Arthur Hughes, Thos . I . Ball, J. H .
Bel l, Dan iel Cannon,W il liam Geoghegan (of John ) , Justices.
1849—Samuel Abbott, Thomas R . Cook, Whitefield Wool ford, James
Craig, James P . Russel l, Joseph H . Bel l, Charles Corkran,James Rea,
Wm. W. LeCompte, Robert Bel l, John D. Steven s, Thomas I . Ball, JamesB . Thompson, A . S . Harper, Thomas Barnett, N imrod Newton,
Noah
436 APPEND IX
1811-15—Charles Fraz ier . December 9, 1814 ; he resigned , but was
reelected at once by the Senate.
1832 -35— Hen ry Page.
1837—W i l liam T . Go ld sborough , elected by the peop le .
1838—Thomas J . H . E cc leston , elected by the peop le .
1839-42—Wm. T. Go ld sbo rough, elected by the peop le.
1844-49—Franc is P . Phelps, e lected by the peop le.
1852 -54— Ben j . G . Keene, elected by the people .
1856—James Wallace .
1860—Charles Go ld sbo rough.
1864—Dr . Thomas K ing Carro l l, who resigned .
1866—W i ll iam Fraz ier .
1868—Wash ington A . Smith .
187o —Dan iel M . H enry .
1874— Franc i s P . Phelps, M.D .
1878—C lement Su l ivane .
1884—Henry Lloyd . Pres ident o f the Senate . By the resignation of
Governo r McLane, became acting Governor in 1885 . Was elected Gov
erno r by the Leg islature January 20 , 1886 ; term exp ired January, 1888.
1887— Joseph H . Johnson .
1889— Geo . E . Austin .
1893— Jo seph H . Johnson .
1897—Wm . F . Ap p legarth .
190 1—Wm . F. App legarth.
STATE CONVENTIONS .
November 4, 185o— Thomas H . H icks, John H . Hod son, Alward Johnson, Wash ington A . Smith .
Apr il 24, 1864—Thomas J . Hodson, Alward Johnson, Washington A .
Sm ith, Thomas I . Dail .May 8, 1867— James Wallace, Wm . T. Go ld sbo rough, GeorgeAustin, Dr . Lev in Hodson .
L I ST OF SH E R IFFS OF DORCHE STE R COUNTY AS FAR ASKNOWN .
P r ior to 1669—Unknown .
1669—Raymond Staplefo rt.
1675-77— Thomas Tay lo r .
1678-8o— Stephen Gary .
1681— E dwar-d P in-der .
I 682—W ill iam Smithson, cous in Lord Baltimore.
1683— Stephen Gary .
1684— John Woo dward .
1685- John Tay lor.
APPENDIX 437
1686-88—Edward P inder .
1692—Thomas Cooke .
1696—Walter Campbe ll .1707
-o8— Govert Lockerman .
1709—Roger Woo lfo rd .
1720—James H ay s .
1722— Charles Ung le .
1726-28—James Woo lford .
1728-3o— Jacob Lo ckerman. Jacob Lockerman,son o f Jacob Locker
man , appo inted in p lace ofWoolford , removed .
173 1-33— H enry Tr ippe.
1734-36—Peter Tay lo r .
1737-39— Jacob H indman .
1740 -42— E dward Tr ippe.
1743 -46—Thos . Muir .
1746—47—A-dam Mu ir.
1747-49—E nnal ls Hooper, Bartho lomew E nnalls.
1750—52— Bartho lomew E nnalls.
175 2 -5 5— Dan ie1 Sul ivane .
175 5—58—Char les D ickenson .
1758-61 — Ha l l Ca i le .
1761—Moses A llen , in p lace of Cai le, deceased .
1761-64— Robert Go ld sbo rough, appo inted place A llen.
1764-67— John D ickenson .
1767-69—Robert Harr ison .
1770—75—Dan ie1 Sul ivane, J r.
1775—76— Roberts'on Stevens.
1777-84— John Stevens .
1785 -91— Thomas Lockerman .
1791—93— Char1es Hod son .
1794-97—John Too tel l .1798- 18oo -Henry Lake .
180 1-02— E zekiel R ichard son .
180 3—0 5— Thomas J . Pattison .
1806-09—Thomas E nnalls.
1810 - 11— Jo seph E nnalls.
1812—John Newton .
1812 - 14—Thomas James Pattiso n .
1815 - 16—Thomas Barnett.1817
—Solomon K irwan .
1818—2 1—Thomas B reerwood .
182 1-2 3— So lomon K irwan .
1824—27—Thomas H . H icks.
1828—3o—Nathan iel App legarth.
1830 -33—Reuben Tall.
438 APPENDIX
1834-36—John G . B el l .
1837-39—James A . Waddell.
1840-42—John H . Hodson .
1843 -45—Wm . B . Dail .1846-48—Kendal M . Jacobs .
1849-5o—John R ichard son .
185 1-52— James E . Douglass.
1853-54—John E . App legarth.
185 5 -56—Rober t Bel l .1857-58—Wm . T . Vickers .
1859-61—Jo siah Kerr.
1861-63— A lexand er Woo lford .
1864-65—John T . Moor e.
1865'-66—Alfred J . M'owbry .
1867-68—James A . B ramble .
1869—7o—W i l l iam R . S‘
henton .
187 1-72— E dwin Dashiel l .1873
-74—W i ll iam Hurloc k .
1875—76—Lev in T . Dunnock, J r .
1877—78— Po llard S . Co ll ins .
1879-8o—Geo . G . James .
1881—82— J o lm W . Fletc her .
1883 -84—Thos . A . Melv in .
1885-86—Luth er P . Martin .
1887-88— E dw in T . Mace.
1889—90— Theo phi lus T . Wheatley .
1891-92— Tho s . B . Cator .
I 893 -
94— J os . 0 . Wr ight.
1895 -96— E dward S . Phill ip s.
1897—98— Samuel E . LeCompte.
1899—1900 -W . Lake Robin son .
-0 2— John W . M i lls.
GOVERNORS OF MARYLAND FROM DORCHE STER COUNTY .
1797— John Hen ry, elected by the Legislature, Nov. 13 . Res igned, 1798.
1818— Charles Gold sborough, by Legislature185 7 to November , 1861—Thomas Hol liday H icks , by the peop le .
H enry Lloy d , Pres id ent Senate, succeed ed Governor McLan e, and was
N ote .—Th e Sh er iff s al-so appo in ted Co llector of Taxes and bond ed as such .
440 APPENDIX
COURT JUDGE S FOR THE FOURTH JUD I C IAL D ISTR I CT,
INCLUD ING DORCHESTER COUNTY .
1791— John Done ( of Somerset) , Chief Justice ; Robert Harrison, Moses
LeCompte, Assoc iate Ju stices.
1799—W i lliam Whittington,
Chief Justice ; Moses Lecompte, RobertDenn is, Associate Justices .
1802—W i ll iam Polk, Chief Justice ; Robert Denn is, John Craig, AssociateJustices.
1806—W il l iam Po lk, Chief Justice ; John Done,James B . Robbins, AS
sociate Justices.
1816—W i lliam Bond Martin, Chief Judge ; James Robbins, W i lliamWh ittington, Asso c iate Justices .
1827—W i ll iam B . J . Martin, Chief Judge ; Ara Spence, W illiam Tingle,Associate Justices.
1836—Ara Spence, Chief Judge ; W i ll iam Tingle, B rice J . Go ld sborough,Associate Justices.
185 1—Hon . Ara Spence, Chief Judge.
1854—Hon . James A. Stewart, Chief Judge, Dorchester County .
1856—Hon . Thomas A . Spence, Ch ief Judge.
1867—Hon . James A . Stewart, Chief Judge, Dorchester County ; JohnR . Frankl in , Lev in T. H . I rving,
Associate Justices.
1878—James A. Stewart, Chief Judge, Dorchester County ; Lev in T. H .
Irving, E phraim K. W ilson, Assoc iate Justices.
1879—Hon . Levin I rving, Chief Judge ; E phraim W ilson,Chas. F.
Gol d sborough, Assoc iate Justices, Dorchester County .
1884—Hon . Lev in Irv ing, Chief Justice, Do rchester County ; Chas. F.
Gold sborough, Chas. F. Holland, Associate Justices.
1892—Hon . Hen ry Page, Chief Judge ; Chas. F. Hol land,Hen ry Loyd,
Assoc iate Justices, Dorchester County .
ASS I STANT COURT OFFICERS IN THE CLERK’S OFFICE OFDORCHE STER COUNTY COURT, AT PRE SENT.
1892— James S . Shepherd, Ch ief Deputy C lerk .
1894— E dward P . Lake, Record ing Clerk.
1894— Samuel E . Dail, Record ing Clerk.
STATE ’S ATTORNEY S, DORCHE S-TER COUNTY.
185 1—J os. E . Muse .
1852-57—B . B . Go ld sborough.
1857-6o—Charles F . Go ldsborough.
1860 -61—Chas. F. Hand y .
APPENDIX 441
1861-62—Chas. F . Go ld sbo rough .
1862 -67— Geo . W. Jefferson .
1867-79—Charles E . Hayward .
1879-87— Danie1 M . Henry, J r.
1887—91— John R . Patti son .
1891-97— Phi ll ips L . Go ld sborough .
1898-99—James A . H igg in s, appo inted .
1899- 190 2— E . C. Harr ington .
REG I STERS OF W ILLS .
1785 -95—John Go ldsborough .
1823—Wm . Washington E cc leston , e lected by Jo int Assembly , Decem
ber 1 .
1837—W i l l iam Wash ington E ccleston .
1838-5 1—Thomas Ho l liday H icks, by appo intment.185 1-5 5 M itchel l , by e lection .
185 5—57— Thos . Ho ll iday H icks, by election .
1861-85— E dwar-d W . LeCompte.
1885 - 1902— John W. Fletcher.
SOME MEMBERS OF THE ORPHANS’ COURT OF DORCHE STERCOUNTY.
1845—Thos. B reerwood,Charles Seward
,Lew is Ross.
1848—Thos. Breerwood , John W . Dail, Algernon Thomas.
185 1— James Dixon, James Thomp son,L. H . Ross.
185 5— John H . Hod son, L. H . Ross, Lev in Jones.
1858—L. H . Ross, Levin Jones, Algernon Thomas.
1860—Wm. B . Dai l, John W . Henry,Wm. W . Mace.
1863—James H iggins, J as. N . Sherman, John W. Woolford .
1866—James H iggin s, John W . Woo lford , Jos iah Carroll .1867— James H iggins, Samuel Pattison
,Levi D. Travers.
1871— James H iggins, Lev i D. Travers, John R . Keene.
1875 —John R. Keene, Peter Harrington, J as. N . Wrightson.
1879—John R . Keene, Peter Harrington, or N icho las Langford, Dan ielF. Ewell.1883—James Gore, Peter Harrington, Dan ie l F. Ewell .1887—Thos. LeCompte, Jerry Lin thicum, James M . Wr ightson.
1889—Thos. LeCompte, Jere Linthicum, Geo. Abert Thompson.
1891—Geo. A . Thompson, Furman B . C lifton,Wm. H . Turp in.
1895—Franc i s J . Webb, James H . Murphy ,Geo . H . App legarth.
1899—J . Hooper Bosley, Edward P. Smith, Thomas B . Hackett.
442 APPENDIX
COUNTY COMM I SS IONERS AFTER'
CONSTITUTION OF 1850 .
May 18, 1852— James H iggins, John Muir, James Cooper, W il liam K.
Travers, F ielder G . Jones, James Hammersly, John L. Wi lli s.
December 20, 1853— Augustus T. Wheatly, Lev in P . Cook, John T . Stewart,Martin L. Wall, Hugh Magu ire, James H igg ins,December 7, 185 5— James Smith, Josiah Webb W il liam Kirby, Samuel
Tw il ley, Ben j amin Travers.
January 11, 1857—W i lliam Kirby, H iram W . Wool ford, Martin L. Wal l,Charles John son
, J os. H . Bell .1858—The same as 185 7.
Ap ril 2 1, 1860 —Thom as Lambd in, Thomas J . LeCompte, John A . L.
Radcl iffe,Thomas R . Cook, Thomas H . Smoot.
1861—The same as 1860 .
1862 -J o-s. H . Bel l, N icholas Langfitt, John T . Moore.
Apri l 2 3, 1863— Thomas Lambd in, Thomas R. Cook, J o‘
s . H . Bel l, JohnT . Moore
,N icho las Langfitt.
1864—Dr . John F . Kurtz,Wm . K . S lacum,Wm. J . Donoho, Samuel P.
B rohawn, C. W . Carroll .1865—The same as 1864.
1866—Thomas Lambd in, James N . Wr ight, Wm. J . Donoho, Sylvester,George W. Phil lip-s.
1867—The same as 1866.
1868—George H . Meek ins, Robert B . Spedden, W i ll iam Robinson, Thos.A . W i l lis, James M . Thompson .
1869—Same as 1868.
187o—James R . Wheatly, James M . Thomson, John Tubman, John R.
Cook, I saac W . Lowe .
1871— The same as 1870 .
1872— James R . Wheatly, Samuel H iggins, Charles Lake .
1873— Same as 1872 .
1874— Kendall M . J acoks, Charles Lake, W i ll iam Spedden .
1875 -The same as 1874.
1876 —Thomas I . Jones . M . S . R . Fooks, John T. Hachett.
1877—The same as 1876.
1878—F . B . C l ifton, Thomas I . Jones, W ill iam W . Mace .
1879—The same as 1878.
1880—So lomon F . K i rwan, Lev in J . Sp icer, Robert B . Spedden, N icholas Wr ight, J os . T . Dav i s .
1881—The same as 1880 .
1882—Uriah Hur ley, James F. Wheatly, Charles H . Seward , John W .
Jones,C . C . Fal lin .
1883—The same as 1882 .
444 APPENDIX
J an , 1874—Dr. Geo. L. H icks, President ; J as. R . Wheatley, John Tub
man .
Feb.,1876—The same Board .
J an ,1878—Lev i D. Travers, President ; Dr . R. J . Price, E dw in D
'
ashiel l.
J an ,1882— Travers, Price, Dashiel l, J uo. N . Wright, Wm. W . Mace.
Feb., 1884—The same Board .
J an , 1886—The“same Board .
J an , 1888—The same Board .
J an , 1890—The same Board .
J an ., 1891—Wm . W . Mace,Mace resigned ; John M . Col ston,
Co lstonappo inted to fil l vacancy .
J an ,1892
— E dw in Dashiell, J no. M . Colston, Wm. G. Smith, I rv in M .
Langral l, James M . Robertson .
Aug ,1892—New Board— Geo. W . Woolford, J as. M . Robertson,
Irv inM . Langrall .
July , 1894—Robinson, Zora H . B r insfield, Robinson res igned, B rinsfiel-d appo inted to fil l vacancy .
Aug , 1896—W’
m. L. Rhod er, Rhoder appointed in the place of B rinsfield
by Governor.
Aug .,1898—Martin J . Perkins, Wm. L. Rhodes, I rv in M . Langrall,
appointed by Governor of the State.
1900—New Board— J no . G . M ills, Wm. G. Smith, J as. M . Sherman,
I rvin M . Langrall, M . J . Perk ins, Geo. C. Insley, appointed by the Governorof the State,
190 2—The same Board continues, appointed by the Governor of the State.
U . S . SE NATORS FROM DORCHE STE R COUNTY .
1789-
97—John'
H enry .
18r3 -16—Robert H . Go ld sborough .
1837-41— John S . Spence.
Thomas Hol liday H icks, appo inted U. S . Senator by Governor B rad fordin 1863 ; his appointment w as ratified by the Legislature at the session
of 1864.
U . S . CONGRE SSME N FROM DORCHE STE R COUNTY .
December , 1777— John Henry
1785 -88—J ohn H enry .
1806-12 -18— Char1es Gold sborough .
1855 -59—James A . Stewart.1876
—8o—Dan ie l M . Henry .
1894—W . Laird Henry .
1900-0 1— Josiah L . Kerr
,one session.
APPENDIX
PO STOFF I CE S AND PO STMASTE RS IN DORCHE STERCOUNTY IN 1902 .
A ireys Z . H . Mowbray .
App legarth James Ruark .
Bestpitch J . B . Wal l .
B i shop ’s Head . Fred E . Ruark .
B rookv iew Dan iel J . Murphy .
Bucktown Samuel Sm ith .
Cabin Creek Abo l ished .
Cambr idge S . M . Mo ore .
Church Creek Wm . Stewart.Coke land L . J . Lankford .
Cornersv i lle J . Beckw ith .
Crapo James E . And rews.
Cro cheron E ugene Cro cheron .
Dai lsv il le .Abo l ished .
Drawbr idge Mrs . Margaret Henry .
E ast New Market M iss Geog ie M elv in .
E ldo rado Mrs. L inda Stack .
E l l iott Alonza Moo re .
E llwood J uo . R ichard s.
Finchv ille J . T . Wheatley .
Fishing Creek M . E . To lley .
Galestown Samuel Co l l ins .
Gluckheim
Go ld en H ill J uo . A . Dunnock .
Harri son Abo li shed .
Hawkeye Abo li shed .
H i lls Po int S . F . Sped den.
H o lland’
s I sland O l l ie A . E vans .
Ho opersv il le Wm . H . D ean .
.A . T . Barnes .
Hur lock Wm . H . S teven s .
.H . P . Spedd en .
Mel issie E . In sley .
. F . H . V incent.J no . Wr ight.
Wm. W . Harr ington .
.Abo l ished .
Jackson .
.Mathew Sm ith .
Geo . W . Murphy .
Chas . B rohawn .
. . Cad . How ard .
446 APPENDIX
Tay lo r’
s Island Edward L . Gr iffith .
Thomp sons W . H . Thomas .
Toddv i lle Wm . L . G . Robinson .
V ienna . E l ias McCall ister.
Walnut Land ing Abo l ished .
W i ll iamsburg Ro land T. Ande rson .
VVingate Ur im G . W ingate .
Woo lfo rd Samue l W . Woo lfo rd .
Wr ights Geo . H . App legarth .
ROSTER OF VOLUNTEERS FROM DORCHESTER COUNTY,
IN THE F IRST EASTE RN SHORE RE G IME NT OF INFANTRYMARYLAND VOLUNTE E RS , ORGAN I ZED AT CAM
BR IDGE , MD . , IN SE PTEMBE R , 1861 .
FI E LD AND STAFF OFFI CE R S .
DATE OF D I SNAME AND RANK. DAT E OF MUSTE R . REMARKS .CHARGE .
J ames Wal lace Co l . Aug. 16,’61
John R . K eene Co l . Oc t. 3 1,’61
Franc is P. Phelps, J r . Sept. 19, 61
Granvi l le B . LeCompte Nov. 1,’61
Anthony Surg . Apr i l I ,’63
COMPANY A .
COMM I SS IONED OFFICE R S .
DATE O F D I SNAME AND RANK. DATE OF MUST E R . REMARKS .CHARGE .
John C. Henry Capt. O ct. 3,’61
Thos. H . Coburn I St Lieut. Sept, 19,’61
C lem ent T. L ieut. O ct. 3 ,’6I
E NL I STED MEN.
DATE O F D I SNAME AND RANK. DAT E o r MUSTE R . REMARKS .CHARGE .
A i rey , An drew Pr iv. Sept. 19,’61
Anthony, J no . H Pr iv. Sept. 19,’61
Alexan der, Wm. I Pr iv. Sept. 19,’61
Applegarth, G eor ge S ept. 19,’61
Armstrong, Wm . Pr iv. Sept. 19,’64 Tran s ferred Co . D,
11th Md . I nf.
E n l zs l e ti n u ed .
NAME AND RA NK . DATE OF D I SDATE OF MUSTE R . CHARGE .
Mi ller, John H Pr iv. Oct. 2,’6I
Moore, John Pr iv. Sept. 2 7,
Mowbray , J no . M Pr iv. Sept. 19,’6I
Mowbray , O rv i l le T Pr iv. Sept. 19,’6I
Newton , W i lbur F Pr iv. Sept. 19,’61 Trans f. N . C. Stafi .
North, Chas. E Sept. 27,’6I
Pau l , James H Pr iv. O ct. 14,’61
Pau l, John I Pr iv. Sept. 19,’6I
Pau l , Leon i Pr iv. Sept. 19,’61
Ph i l l i p s, J as. R Pr iv. Sept. 30, ’6I
Ri chard s, John H . O Pr iv . Sept. 2 1, 61
Rob in son , Jos iah F Pr iv. Sept. 19,’6I
Rob in son , Wm . T I st Sergt. Sept. 19,’6I S ee Roster Co. B .
Ross, Henry R Pr iv. Sept. 19,’6I
S imms, Rob ert L Pr iv. O ct. 2 ,’6 I
Shehee, John H Pr iv. Sept. 19,’61
Shorter, Hay lan d Pr iv. O ct. 28,’61
Shorter, John Pr iv . O ct. 2 1,’6I
Shorter, Wm . T Pr iv. O ct. 19,’6 I
Sm i th, J as . M Pr iv. Sept. 19,’
61 Deserted Aug , 1,
Sm ith, Hooper Pr iv. Sept. 19,’61
Sm ith, Joseph Pr iv. Sept. 19,’6I
Snow , Thomas W Pr iv. S ept. 19,’61
Spedden , Martin L Pr iv. S ept, 30,’61
Spedden , Wr ightson Pr iv. S ept. 30 ,’
61
Steven s, Thos. W . A Pr iv. Sept, 19,’61
Stewart, Chas . E Pr iv. J an I I ,’62
Straughn , J as. W Pr iv. S ept. 19,’61
Sweed, Wm. B Pr iv. O ct. 3 ,’6I D ied Mar . 28,
Sy lvester, I saac H Pr iv. O ct. 28,’61
Tarr, Wm . H Pr iv. Sept. 19,’61
Thomas,-Chas. H . , Pr iv. Sept. 19,
’
61
Thomas, John Pr iv. Nov. 2 2 ,’64 No further recor d .
Todd, W i l l iam M Pr iv. Sept, 19,’
61 A . G . O . War DeptTown sen d, Wm. J Pr iv. O ct. 12 ,
’
61
Tucker, Thos . T Pr iv. Oct. 3 ,’61
Warren , J os . W Pr iv. Sept. 28,’61
Way , Chas . H Pr iv. O ct. 2 2 ,’61
West, Geo . W Pr iv . Sept, 27,’61
Wherrett, Thos . H Pr iv. Sept. 19,
’61
W in terbottom,Harr i son T Pr iv. Sept. 19,’61
Woodrow, Wm . E Pr iv. Sept. 19,’
61
APPENDIX
COMPANY B .
COMMIS S IONED OFFICE R S .
DATE O F D I S °
449
NAME AND RANK. DATE OF MUSTE R. REMARKS .CHARGE .
John E . Graham Capt. Oct. 4,’61
W i l l iam T. Robin son . . I st Lieut. Sept 19,
G eo . B . Hart I st Lieut. Sept. 20,’61
John W . Con n er 2d Li eut. Apr i l 18,’62
Wm . J . Rob in son 2d Lieut. Oct. 4,’61 Res ign ed .
ENL ISTED MEN .
NAME AND RANK . DAT E OF MUSTE R .
DATE OF D I S '
REMARK S .CHARGE .
Adams, J as. R . W Corp .Andrews, I saac T Pr iv.
An drews, Robert Pr iv.
Ash, Hen ry Pr iv. D ied .An drews, Franc i s E Pr iv. O ct. 4,
’
64 Woun ded in ac tioAn drews, Samuel Pr iv. Deserted.Bell , Gu stavas Pr iv. Oct. 4,
’64
B ramb le, Goo dman Pr iv.
B ramb le, Levi T Pr iv.Cann on , C lement C. . .1st Sergt.
Chr i stopher, R0b4' f t
Cooper , Henry H Corp .Cannon, Valen tin e Pr iv.
Cus ick, James S Pr iv.
Cannon , Aaron Pr iv.
B aton , Noah Pr iv.
Dean , George W Pr iv. Sept. 5 , ’63
Denny, Jacob Pr iv. D ied May 4,’64.
Denny, Wm . A Pr iv.
D ean , W i ll iam Pr iv.
E ll iot, John W . .Pr iv.F i sh, Franc i s M Mu s . Tran sferred Co . D,
11th Md . I n f.Pr iv. Sept. 2 0,
Pr iv. Sept. 29,
Pr iv. Aug. 13, Tran sferred Co . D,
1 1th Md . In f.
Hayward, A sbury S Seggt . Sept. 20,’61
Harvey , \Vi l l iam C orp . Sept. 20 ,’61
Hard iean , David Corp . Sept, 20,’
61
Hayman , J as . II Corp . Aug . I 3 ,’
62 Tran s ferred Co . D ,
1 1th Md . I n f.
Wounded in ac tior
E n l i ste
NAME AND RANK. DAT E
Hayman , J os. J Pr iv. Aug.
Hobbs, Perry Pr iv. Aug.
I ngerso l , Geo . E Pr iv . Aug.
Insley, John E Pr iv. Aug .
Ins ley , Marcel lus H Pr iv.
In s ley , Levin T Pr iv.
In s ley , John H Pr iv.
In sley , James M Pr iv.
Jon es, J as . W Pr iv.
John son , Ben j . Pr iv.
Jon es, Wrn . P Sergt.Jones, A l fred R Pr iv.
Jones, George H Pr iv.
Jones, So l . W Pr iv.
Johnson . John T Pr iv.
John son , R ichard M Pr iv.
Kenn er, Geo.
K irw in , Andrew W Pr iv.
Langrell , Hen ry W Pr iv.
Langre l l, J ob Pr iv.
Mi lls, Joseph A Sergt.Mi l ls, James E Corp .Mi l ls, John R Pr iv.
Mi l ls, Robert R Pr iv.Moore, O l iver S Pr iv.
M urphy , E dward Pr iv.
Mer i deth , Amos Pr iv.
M urphy , I saac Pr iv.
Moore, Denn i s D Pr iv.
P lummer, Varden R Mus
Pr i tchett, E dward Pr iv. Oct.
Pr itchett, W i l l iam T Pr iv. Oct.
Pr i tchett, Hen ry C Pr iv. SeptPr i tchett, E dward W Pr iv. SeptPenn , G eorge, W Pr iv . SeptRob in son , Wm . H Sergt . SeptRoberts, John T Pr iv. O c t.
R igg in , Henry Aug.
Rob in son , John Pr iv . SeptRuark, Major T Pr iv. SeptRob in son , James K. P Pr iv. SeptRuark, Wm . T Pr iv. SeptRoss, Levin Pr iv. SeptRuark, Hen ry Pr iv. SeptRob in son , J o s . Pr iv. Sept
O F
3 1,
3 I ,
ti n u ed .
DATE O F D I S
CHARGE .
MUSTE R .
’62 Jun e 15 ,
’
65
’62 June 15 ,
’65
’62 May 15 ,
’65
o o o o o o o o o o o o o
o o o o o o o o o o o o o o
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
O O O O O O O O O O O O O O
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
o o o o o o o o0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
R EMARK S
Deserted Ju ly 2 ,’63
Deserted .
D ied .
Deserted Ju ly 2 ,’63
Deserted .
Tran sferred Co . D
r 1th Md . I nf.
Tran sferred Regt.Ban d .
NAME AND RANK .
Arno ld, Samuel A Pr iv.
Ben nett Hen ry R Pr iv.
Brohawn , Wm. Pr iv.
B urton , W i ll iam Pr iv.
B enny, Fran c is T Pr iv.
Bai ley, John R Mu s.
Booth, Thos . RBel l, W i l l iamBa i ley, Wm . CCo l l i son , Wm . JCovin gton , I saac V
Craig , Thos . Pr iv.
Cr e ighton , Wm . H ., of W . P r iv .
Calen der, Hen ry Pr iv.
Co l l in s, B en j . T Pr iv.
.
Calander, W i l l iam J Pr iv.Corkran , John J Pr iv.Creighton , Wm . H Pr iv.
Campbel l, James Pr iv.
Craig, W i l l iam F Pr iv.
Chr i stoph er , S . A . S ergt.Coo per , Samue l J Corp .
Dunnock , Levin T Pr iv.
E l l i s, W i l l iam G Pr iv.
O O O O O O O O O O
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ENL I STE D MEN.
DAT E DATE OF D I SOF MUSTE R . CHARGE .
R EMARK S .
Oct. 3 1,’
61
Ju ly 17,
Oct. 3 1,’6I . July 17,
’65
O ct. 3 1,’61 July 17,
Oct. 3 1,’61 July 17,
’65
Oct. 3 1,'6I July 17,
’65
19,’64 June 15 ,
’65
Tran sferred Co . E ,
11th Md . I n f.
Tran sferred Co . E ,
r 1th Md . I nf.O ct. 3 1,
’6I
O c t. 3 1,’6I
Oct. 1,’64
O ct. 3 1,’6I Nov. 2 7,
’64
O c t. 3 1,’6I
O ct. 3 1,’61 Oct 3 1,
’64
O ct. 3 1,’6I D ied , Oct. 15 ,
’6
O ct. 3 1,’6I . . Deser ted .
Oct. 3 1,’61 Ju ly 17,
’65 Vet. Tran s ferr ed Co
E , r1th M d . I n f.
O ct. 3 1,’
61
O ct. 3 1,’61
O ct. 3 1,’61
O ct. 3 1,’61 Vet. Tran sfered Co
E , 11th M d . I nf.
Oct. 3 1,’
64
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tran sferred Co I .0 0 0 0 0 0 0
APPENDIX
E n l i sted M en—Con ti nu ed .
DAT E OF D I SNAME AND RANK . DAT E OF MUSTE R. REMARKS .CHARGE .
Hobbs, E l i jah Pr iv. Sept. 30, June i s,’65
July 17,
Harper, Joseph Oct. 3 1,’61 July 17,
’65
Harr ington , R ich . July 6,’
6I July 17,’
65
Hooper, John Corp . Oct. 3 1,
Hi l l, W i ll iam J Pr iv.
‘Oct. 3 1,
’61 Nov. 28,
’64
Hornet , George W Pr iv. Oct. 3 1,’61
Jon es, Jerem iah Corp . Oct. 3 1,’61
John son , Horace F Pr iv. Oct. 3 1,
K inney , O l iver J Pr iv. Ju ly 2 2,’61 Vet. Tran s ferred Co.
F, 2d Md. I n f.K innamon , Wm. Pr iv. Oc t. 3 1,
’6I
Kemb le, Tabert B Pr iv. Oct. 3 1,’61 On War Dept.
Rol l as TalbertB . K imb le.
K inn ey , John T Pr iv. Oct. 3 1,’61 Deserted .
Laramore, John R Pr iv. Aug. 8,’61 Vet. Tran s ferred Co .
F, n th Md . Inf.
Lambd in , Dan iel B Sergt. Oct. 3x,’61
Lambd in , Thomas R Pr iv. Nov. 3 , 62
Lambd in , J os . E Pr iv. O ct. 3,’61 June 15 ,
’65
Laporte, Charl es S t. J ohn . P r iv . O ct. 3 1,’61 Nov. 2 1,
’61
Magu ire, John W Pr iv. Aug. 6,’6I Ju ly I 7,
’65 Vet. Tran sferred Co .
F, r i th Md . I n f.
McMu l l in , Wm. Pr iv. O ct. 3 1, Vet. Tran s ferred Co.
F, 1 l th M d . I n f.
Meek in s, Hen ry C Pr iv. Nov . 16,’62 June 15 ,
’65 Tran s ferred Co . F,
r i th Md . I nf.
Magraw, Jos iah Pr iv. Oc t. 3 1,’61
Mo f’fatt, G . Stan ley Pr iv. O ct. 3 1,’6r
Moore, Thomas Pr iv. O ct. 3 1,’61
Moore, James W Pr iv. O ct. 3 1,’61
Meek in s, John R Pr iv. Oct. 1,’64 Tran s ferred Co . F,
n th Md . I nf.Mc cotter, Wm . HMoore, Hiram WMoore . John JMed ford, Seldon P o o o o o o o
Trans ferred Co. F,n th Md. Inf.
D ied.D ied .
Deserted .Deserte
‘d .Deserted .Vet. Tran sferred Co.
E , n th M d . In f.
Vet. Tran s ferred Co .
E , n th M d . In f.
Vet. Tran s ferred Co .
E , n th M d . I n f.
Vet. Tran sferred Co .
E , n th Md . I n f.
Woun ’d in act., July ,63 , Getty sburg , P a.,
tran sf. V. R . C .
454 APPENDIX
E n l i sted M en Con ti n u ed .
NAM E AND RANK.
DAT E OF D I SDAT E OF MUSTE R. CHARGE .
Madk in , Levin L Pr iv. O c t. 3 1,’
6i
Parker, John H . S Corp . O ct. 3 1,
Perdue, John J . B Pr iv. Sept. 29,’62
R i chardson ,Wm . C Corp . Oc t. 3 1,
’
6 i Oct. 3 1,’64
R i chard son , O l iver S Corp . O ct. 3 1,’
61
Raw le igh , Ro oert W Pr iv. O ct. 3 1,’6I .
R i char dson , Luke Pr iv . O ct. 3 1,’61
R i chard son , E dw in J Pr iv. O ct. 3 1,’6i
R ichardson , Henry K . W . . P r i v O ct. 3 1,’61
R i chardson , Robert P Pr iv. O ct. 15 ,’
62 June 15 ,’65
R i ch ey , W i l l iam Pr iv. Sept. 2 1,’62
S immond s, E dwar d Pr iv.Oct. 3 1,
’61 July 17,
’65
Shen ton , John Pr iv . Oct. 3 1,’
61 July 17,’
65
S locum, Robert H Pr iv. O ct. 3 1,’61
Sm i th , James H Sergt. Oct. 3 1,’6I
Sh en ton , W i l l iam Pr iv. O ct. 3 1,’
6i
Shenton , Rob ert Pr iv. O ct. 3 1,’
6 i
Short, Sam ue l Pr iv . Oct. 3 1,’
61 Nov . 1 1,’64
Stap le ford , Samuel Pr iv. O ct. 3 1,’6t
To l ley , Jer em iah Pr iv. Oc t. 3 1,’61 Ju ly 2 5 ,
’65
Thomson , Samuel T Corp . O ct. 3 i ,’6i
Tal l , Samue l N
Thomas , Thomas
T0 i ley , Samue l HTurner, JohnVa
‘i l l ian t J ohn Ju ly 17,’65
V in cen t, Noah Mar . 3 ,’
65V i ckers, Char lesWoo l ford , Tho s. JW i l ley , John TW i l l iam s, Thos . JW
'
a l ler , Man son J
Wr ight, Tho s. J Pr iv. Oct. 3 1,’61 Ju ly 17,
’65
“76118, Davi d Pr iv. O ct. 3 1,’6I Ju ly 17,
’65
Wh i tby , E dw’
d L Pr iv. May 26,’64
REMARKS .
Deserted .
E n l i sted M en- Con ti n ued .
DATE OF DI S~NAME AND RANK. DAT E o r MUSTE R. REMARKS .CHARGE .
*Bann ing, Wm. Oct. 25 , June 15,’65
Bend ing, Alex. Oct. 2 1, June 15 ,’65
B urke, James Pr iv. Oct. 1, June i s,’65
*Cohee, Mitchel l Dec . 23,’64
Corkran , Wm. E .
Carroll, Jo-hn W June i s,’
65 Tran s ferred Co . C,
n th M d . Inf.
Col l ison , Lev in R Pr iv. O ct. 22 ,
Charles, E zek iel Oct. 22 ,’64
Corkran. Sydnaham . Pr iv. Oct. 3 1,
Corkran , Wm. J Pr iv. O ct. 3 1, Dec . 23,’64
“Coll in s, James O ct. 3 1,
Camper, Wm. H O ct. 2 1, June 15 ,’65
Dav is, Solomon C . .
D ixon , George S Apr i l 12,’65
Emmer ich , John W Deserted .
Flowers, Wesl ey Dec . 23,’64
‘ Fleetwood, Wm.
Gray, Wm. S June 15 ,’65
Gr iffi th, John S Apr il 4, ’63 . June 15 ,
’65
Hirt, W i l l iam T Ju ly 6, July 17,’
65
H i ll, Jerem iahHemmons, Wm. JHines, James WInsley, E l i jah
“Jester, John F*J ester, James
Jester, Mark AJenn ings, JohnJon es, Char les WLloy d, Jacob WLloy d, E dwardLloyd, Thomas F Tran sfer red Co . F,
n th Md . I nf.
Lowe, W i l l iam TLowe, Marvel RLank ford, David E . D ied , June I ,
’64.
“Lew is, Noah Tran sferred Co . F,n th Md . In f.
Mal loy, John Acc iden tal ly drownMoore, Charles FM i l l igan , James Tran s ferred Co . F,
n th Md . I n f.
APPENDIX 457
E n l i sted Men Con ti nued .
DATE OF D I SNAME AND RANK . DAT E OF MUSTER. REMARKS .CHARGE .
Mi lman, E l l jah S Pr iv. Aug. 23, Ju ly 17,’65 Tran s fer red Co . F,
n th Md . I n f.
McCu llough, JohnMcCo l i ster, Ben j .Mar ine, Matthew F Tran s ferred Co . F
n th Md . In f.
June i s,
July 17, Tran s ferred Co . Fn th Md . In f.
Payne, Wm. JPoun don , RobertRan dolph, John W Deserted .
Stokes, George WSm ith, Char l es F
Sm i t Levin Pr iv. O ct. 3 1,
Smi th, Ben j . C Pr iv. Oct. 22,
“Suther lan d, J ohn WThomas, T. H
*Tr ice, John HTru itt, Ben jam in Tran sferred Co . G,
n th Md . I n f.Tu l l, Jonn W Pr iv. O ct. 17, June 15 ,
’65 Tran sferred n th M d .
I n f.
W i l l iams, J . H D ied Dec . 24,’
63
W i l l iams, W. HW i l l iams, Thomas F
*VVh ite, Hen ry*Wr igh-t, T. N
Wr ight, Samuel J June i s,’65
Wheatley , E . H Pr iv. O ct. 17,’62 June 15 ,
’65
Wheatley , Wm. G Pr iv.
460 I NDEX
B elvo ir, 330 .
B enn ett, Freder ick, 147, 148.
R ichard, 26, 27.Ben tley, R ichard, 3 1.B erk ley . Governor . 26.
B er l in , 298.
B ethel A fr ican M . E . Church, 180 .
B i l l ings, James, 94, 241.
B in g ley , C . V ., 77.
B ird, So lomon , 2 16.Bi rkhead , James , 326.
B i shop of London , 109.
B i shop’s Head, 106.B lackwater R iver, 105 , 142 .
B lenhe im , 65 .
B loodsworth I slan d, 106.
Board of Comm i ss ion ers , 26.
Boehm, Rev . Henry , 134.
Boehm ’s Rem in i scenc es, 134.
Bonn er, W i l l iam, 92.Boone (Wh ig ) , 153 .
Bor der States, 306.
Bos ley , N icho las Merryman, 328.Boston Port B i l l,Bourk, Capt. Thos ., 2 03 , 206, 209, 2 10, 2 14.
Bow d le, Wm . H . , 76, 77.
Wm . J ., 278.
Bowman , Thomas, 44.
Bo zman’s Hi story , 367.
Brad ford, Gov., 3 13 .
B rad ley, Hen ry , 42 ,
B rad ston , Mary , 5 5 .
Braly , Co l. E . 2 71.
B rannoc k, John , 5 5, 57, 58.
E dward, 57, 5 9.
Thomas, 365 .
B ray , Dr ., 5 1.B recken r idge, 156Bren t, G i les, 24.
Br i dewel l, 5 7.
B r id geworth , 9g
.
B r iely . Lieut. amuel, J r., 2 52 .
Br i sto l, 60 .
Br iti sh, 2 5 1, 344.
B rook. John . 42 . 43. 47. 48. 49. 54.
59, 60 .
B rooke Fam i ly , 272 , 273, 274.
Dr . John ,
Rob ert, 26.
B rooks’ Creek, 38, 39, 60 .
Brookview , 93, 94.
B rown , Samuel , 147, 332 .
Thomas, 1 10 .
Mathew, 199.
Ben j . J ., 180 .
B rotten , Wm . , 2 16.
B ryan , Dr . James L ., 87, 1 11, 256, 306.
Wm . H ., 328.
B rown , 93 .
B uchanan , 15 5 .
James , 392 .
Buck ingham, Duke of, 13 .
B ucktown , 90 .
B urke Coun ty , 293 .
B urr, Aaron , 146.
B unker’s Hi l l , 91, 92 .
B urton , Rev. T., 76.
Bu sh, Cel ia, 92 .
B u s i ck, James, 112 , 1 13 .
Butler, J o shua, 2 16.
B y rn , W . W i l son , 72 .
By us, Capt. Jo seph, 203 .
Cab in Creek, 175 .Ca i le, Hal l, 293 .
John , 167,Cal lahan , 76.
Cal lenhaugh, R ichar d, 43 .
Cal i forn ia, 158.
Calvgrt,1Ann
si e, 14.
ec i i us,
E l i zab eth ,33
Dorothy,Fran c is , 14.Grace, 14.George, 13, 14, 16, 18, 2 1, 22 , 23 ,
3 I 45Leohard , 13, 14, 19.
Henry , 14.
John , 14.
Char les, 33 , 3 5 , 270 .
Mi l itia, 32 1.County . 104. 320. 323. 335
24,
Camb r idge. 41. 53. 54. 5 7. 60. 61. 63. 64.65 . 66. 67. 7 1. 74. 83 . 87. 90 .91. 107. 109. 1 16. 126. 133. 134. 135 .137. 141. 142 . 143. 159. 160. 163 . 164. 166. I67.169, 178, 179, 2 03 , 208, 2 12 , 2 18, 2 2 1, 241,248, 2 50, 2 5 1, 2 58, 262 , 263, 267, 270, 294,297. 298. 304. 305 . 306. 307. 3 11. 3 18. 326.
327» 330 33 1, 337Academy , 267.
B ar, 165 , 305 .
B lues, 203 , 209.
Court House, 37, 49.
Creek , 72 .
Camden , 229.
Campbe l l, Walter, 40 , 5 1, 56.
James, 2 15 .
Capt. Zachar ias, 203, 2 19.
Camper, S . E . W . 166.
Cannon , Dan ie l, 153 .
Canaday , Cornel ius, 112 .
Capohowasick ,
Cap itals of Mary lan d, 29.
Carman , Robert, 135Carro l l, Char les of Carrol lton , 275 .
John Lee, 2 76.
James , 276C0 1. Hen r James, 2 76.
Thomas ing , 2 76, 2 77 .
Dr . Thomas K ing , 2 76, 2 77, 278.
Anna E l la,E dward 2 77 .
Margaret Handy , 2 77, 278.
Char les, 169,Mrs . Thomas ing, 1 14.
B . F 89.
Caro l ine County , 35 , 107, 143, 144, 209, 2 13 .
302 .
Caro l in e S t. M . E . Church, 371.
Caro l ina , 229.
Ca rter, Jerem iah , 2 56.
Cary , Matthew. 56.
Hezek iah, 2 16.
Castle Haven , 160, 163 .
Company , 203 .
Casten , Jo seph, 44.
Catawba Ford, 2 29 .
Catho l ic Chu rch , 105 .
Catho l ic s, 47,Cator, Joseph , 249.
L evin . 366.
Rob in son W ., 380 .
Caton , Thos . B . . 75 .
Cau lk, E n s ign John , 203 .
INDEX
Causean , John , 69.
Cec i l, S ir Rob ert, 13 .
Cec i l Co un ty , 99, 30 1.
Cha lain , W . B . , 152 .
B ., 153 .
Chalmers , John ,2 18, 2 19.
Chap l in, Wm . , 1.
Chapel of E ase, 79, 80 , 108.
Chambers , Co lon el, 353 .
Chamber la in , Gen eral, 2 10 .
Char leston , 180 .
Char les I ., 15 , 341.
Chase, Samuel, 199.
Dr . Thomas , 326.
Chan d ler, J ob, 26.
Chanti lly ,Cheeseman , W i l l iam, 44 .
Chew, D r . Samuel, 279.
Checke, E dward, 44.
Chesapeake, 19, 26, 3 1, 97, 104, 1 15 , 161, 163,
,
175 . 2 3 1. 247. 264. 303. 340 .
Ch i cago , 326.
Ch i ckawan Creek, 173, 174.
C'
h icanocom ico , 3 19, 320 .
Choptan k Lo dge of Red M en , 75 .
Choptan k. 3 1. 33. 34. 35 . 39. 60 63.I nd ian s, 67, 177.
Par i sh, 79, 81, 107.
R iver , 163 , 3 11, 361.Chr ist Prot. E p i scopal Chur ch , 137 , 270 .
Church Creek , 10 1, 102 , 142 , 285 .
of E n g lan d , 119, 304, 349.
Churc h O ld F i eld, 266.
C i ty Counc i l . 3 16.
C ivi l War, 157, 240 , 260 , 306, 3 12 , 341, 349.
C la i borne, W i l l iam, 23, 24, 26, 2 7 .
C la i born e ’s R ebel l ion , 342 .
C lark, Dan ie l , 39, 4 1, 59.
John . 44.Clarke ’
s Outhosld , 335 .
C lay , Hen ry ,I sland, 106.
C larkson , Bas i l , 2 12 , 2 13 .
C lass D i stin ction s , 185 .
C leve lan d , Pres id en t, 307.
Clerks of Dorchester County Court, 439A ss i stan t C lerks of D0 i chester CountyCourt, 440 .
C lo ras Po int, 163 .
Cockburn , Adm i ral , 247 .
Co in c i dence , 268.
Coke, Dr . Thomas, 118.
Co ll in s, E l isha, 84.
Samuel , 5 1.
Thomas, 44 .
Co l lector o f I nternal Reven ue, 298.
Co lbourn , John , 2 16.
Co lon ial Mi l itia , 335 .
Co lored Race, 178.
Co ld Harbor , 263 .
Co l ston , Capt. Wm ., 252 .
R osann a, 2 7 1.
Thomas, 142 .
Comm ittee of O b servation , 199, 208, 2 10 , 2 13 .
Comm i s s ion ers o f P lan tation s , 23 .
o f Par l iament, 24.
o f Lan d O ffice, 439.
Compton , 389.
Comptro l ler o f the Treasury , 298, 439.
Con federate Army , 15 7, 263 . 307, 406.
Congressman Sco tt, 67, 68.
Con gress ional Cemetery , 3 17.
Con tin ental Congress, 146, 206.
Army. 2 10. 2 14. 2 19. 233. 239. 303 .
Da i l, Wm . B ., 153 .
John W . , 153, 156.
Dafl’i n , Joseph , 2 00 , 266.
Dalton , James, 44.
461
Cood e, John , 46, 47.
Cook, Thomas, 2 73 .
Bab ington , 2 73 .
John , 2 73 .
Ann e, 2 73 .
Hen ry , 15 1.
Cooper, John , 3 2 1.
Cop ley, Thomas, 2 1, 48, 49.
Lion e l , 4Cord ea, Mark 361.
Cornwal l , 13 .
Cornwal l i s, Thomas, 112 .
Corkran , James, 92 .
{3mm 93an cy . 93 .George, 93 .
Joseph,%3 .Fran c i s 93 .
Cornwe l l , I saac , 83 .
Corps Recru its, 236.Corvel , Peter , 2 17 .
Cottingham, Thomas, 2 16.
Conn e l l. 2 2 . 23 . 24. 2 5. 33. 79. 95 .
of Safety , 199, 2 10, 2 1 1, 2 12, 2 13, 2 14, 2 15 ,2 17. 2 2 1. 359
Counc i l lor Neale, 24.
Cornwally s , 24.
Coun ty Comm i ss ioner s or Ju stices, 418-435 .
Comm i ss ion ers, 442-443 .
Fo lklore, 189.
Court Judges Dorchester Coun ty Court,440 .
Coward, John , 241.Cradock, Thomas, 278.Craft, Judge, 83 .
Captain , 2 5 2 .
Cra ig , Mrs . W. P inkn ey, 337.John Adams, 3 25 .
wbn , 147.
m. P inkn ey , 325 .James W ., 402 .
Crapo , 105 , 340 .
, Craw ford, Robert L . , 359.
Cre ighton , I saac, 132, 330 , 33 1.
Samue l, 2 50 .Vernon , 286.
Mar ia Lou ise, 286.Jerem iah, 2 50 .
Mary A ., 285 .
Crescen tia, 16, 23 .
Crocket, Ben ton H ., 83, 85 .Cromwe ll] , 26, 2 7 .
Comm i ss ion ers, 27.Cropper , E dward, 2 16.
John , 147.
Cross Key s, 262 .
(‘
rotch er’
s Fer ry , 93 , 94, 163, 267 .Crow , Gourney ; 165 .
Croxal l, Al i c e, 13 .
Cu l l in , Jacob , 2 16.
Thomas, 2 16.
Cu lp’s Hi l l , 2 59.
Cun l i ff, Fo ster Co ., 167 .
Cur ti s, Rt. Rev . A l fred E , 116.
Cu stom Hou se , 82.Cut, W i lson Jack, 5 5 .
462 INDEX
Dame’s uarter, 338.
Darn e l l, en ry , 169.
"Darcy , O sbert, 283 .
Davi s, J efi ., 262 .
John , 45 .
W i l l iam, 73 .
So lomon , 100 , 252 .
B en jam in , 2 16.
DaV i d ,2 34.
Davidson , Capt. Hunter, 244.
Dawson , Capt. Anthony , 40 , 42 , 44, 45 , 47,
59. 64.
Jo hn , 44 .
Ra lph , 274.
Day son e , Wm ., 45Dean . James A 89.
Wm . H ., 1 15 .
De laware, 35 , 36, 63, 72 , 88, 94, 1 16, 2 76,2 98. 367. 372 .
Delawares , 17 1.
Delaware Bay , 35, 247 .
R iver, 35 .
Democ rat Party , 155 , 158.
Demo l i shed Chap el, 266.
Dema i re, John , 44.
Denn i s, L . P ., 150, 15 1.
Rob ert, 142 , 147Den s i ty of Population, 268.
Den ton , 141.
Denwoo d Fam i ly , 281.
Levin , 322 .
Mary , 270 .
Deputy Ass i stant Comm i ssary , 220 .
d eVal in , Em i ly J . , 380 .
D icken son , Chas . , 40, 166, 169.
Henry , 141, 142 .
John , 197, 203, 2 12 .
Co lonel, 236.
D i ck in son Co l lege, 372 , 395 .
D icken s, John , 1 18.D ioc ese of Lin co ln , 341 .
D i sharoom, Levin , 46D ivid iu Creek, 96.
D ixon , cc , 75 .
Doatloan , E sther, 361.
Dorchester Coun ty , 33, 35 , 36, 37, 38, 40 ,
4 1. 42 . 43. 45 . 46. 5 1. 5 2. 53 . 54. 5 7.63 . 72 . 79. 82 . 84. 88. 89. 90 . 93. 95 . 97. 98.
99, 100 , 102 , 106, 108, 1 13 , 115 , 116, 1 19, 132 ,134. 135 . 137. 141. 142 . 143 . 144. 146. 147 .1549 I S7, I 59 ) 160 , 162 , 164, 165 ’ 1667 167 ’169. 17 1. 172 . 173. 174. 175 . 177. 180 . 183 .184. 185 . 186. 187. 188. 190. 194. 197. 199.2 00 , 209, 2 10 , 2 14, 2 15 , 2 17, 2 19, 2 20 , 2 29,23 1, 239, 240 . 242 . 244. 245 . 246» 247. 249,
2 5 2 . 2 57. 262. 266. 269. 270. 2 73 . 2 76. 277.293 . 298. 299. 30 1. 308. 309. 3 10 . 3 17. 320 .
323 . 330. 336. 339. 343. 352 . 354. 359. 361.
365 . 366. 373 .
Town , 10 1, 109 .
Par i sh , 10 1, 108, 109, 110, 111, 1 12 , 1 13 .
Coun tian s . 2 15 .
Con federate Sold i ers, 259, 260 , 261.E ra, 306.
Ren t Ro lls, 3 19.
S tandard , 297, 298.
Mi l i tia, 82 , 100 .
Dorr ington , Wm . , 45 , 59, 173 .
Dorsey Fam i ly , 282 .
Levin , 82 , 284.
Chas . H . , 285 .
John,285 .
ohm R . , 285 .
dward , 283 .
Dorse y , J ames L ., 1 1 1, 285 .
Sal l ie Web ster, 114.
Sa l l ie, 285 .
Mary V ., 285 .
Fran k S . , 285 .
Dougherty , Father , 78.
Doug lass, John , 150, 156.
Dover, 1 19, 267.
Ferry , 93 .
Dra in , Wm . F .. 285 .
Rev . Shepherd , 285 .
Drake , John , 327.
Drawbr idge, 352 .
Dryden , Samue l , 2 16.
Dry son , John , 5 5 .
Dubley , E lakim , 2 16.
D uel l, James, 44 .
Duke of Atho l , 393 .
Du lany, Dan iel , 198.
D’
Ung er, Dr . , 76.
Dunnock . J ob, 1 15 .
Math ias , 115 .
John A ., 115 .
2 11, 274.
E ar l of Sal i sbury , 13 .
of Staff ord, 15 .
E astern Shore, 94, 98, 107, 108, 1 15 , 13 1,
178, 181, 186, 188, 189, 2 14, 2 16, 232 ,
245 . 264. 324. 349. 359. 361. 367.
I nd ian s, 176.Treasurer . 2 10 . 2 11 .
E ast New Market, 87, 88, 91, 92, 130,
3 11.High Schoo l, 87.
E aston , 116, 248, 305 , 393 .
E cc leston , Capta in ,2 5 2 .
Dr . John , 287 .
E l i zabeth K ., 2 71.
Fam i ly , 286.
Hugh , 481 53 1 649 365 °
F ., 15 1.
I . H . , 15 1.
R . , 15 1
lcah A irey , 325 .becca, 392 .
Thomas F ., 15 2, 2 53, 270, 271.
Thomas H ., 3 25 .
Thomas L . H ., 149, 150 .
(W hig) . 153Wash ington , 148.
W i l l iam, 147, 149.
E den , Governor, 198, 204.
Rob ert, 40 .
E dmondson , Dr ., 88.
E l i zabeth, 2 70 .
ames, 89.
ohn , 89.
Jo shua, 61, 81Samue l , 2 50 .
W i l l iam, 241.
W i l l iam W in der, Sr . , 328.E gg. James. 44E lbert, Hen ry C ., 150 .
E ldon , 322 .
E lk R iver, 23 1.
E ll iott, Li eut. Joseph , 25 2 .
Capt. Hen ry , 17 1.
E ll iott’s I s land, 106, 142 .
464 INDEX
Gold sborough . Robert. 197. 200 , 20 4, Harper , Rob ert Goodloe, 277.
2 4, 337 . Harr i s, Mary , 270 .
Sarah T . 29
96.
3 3 7Rev . W i l l iam, 1 11.
Howes, 147, 337. Harr i son , John C . , 2 00 .
W . T .,15 2 , 154, i st Maj or R ichard, 203 .
Mrs. W i l lam ina, 138. Pres. B en jam in , 371.Go lden Hi ll , 105 , 1 15 , 116. Robert, 40, 197, 199, 2 12, 2 19, 266.
G oo se Creek, 17 1. Hardcastle, Mathew, 150 .
Goutee, Joseph, 169. Hart, Arthur , 5 7.Governor ’
s Coun c i l, 3 12 , 435 . Rob ert, 149.
Governo rs from Dorc hester Co ., 438. Harvey , Henry , 44 .Governor of Mary land, 390 . Harwood , John , 160 .
of Delaware, 12 7. Patr i ck, 44 .Gray , E n s ign James Woo l ford, 206. Robert, 39.
John S . , 84. Harwood’s Cho ic e, 39.
i eut. James , 2 18. Hask in s, Govert, 2 71.Graham, John E . , 2 56. Ph i l ipp , 5 1.Gran t, Gen eral , 262 . Thomas, 266, 287.Grason , Commodore, 2 2 1, 2 39. W i l l iam, 2 70 .Graves, Horat io G ., 156. Haselwoo d , W i l l iam, 43.Great Br itain , 247, 309 . Hatcher ’
s Run , 263 .
Choptank Hun dred , 2 19. Hatton ,Thomas, 2 5 .
Choptank Par i sh, 7 1, 109, 254, 2 5 5, 270, W . Carey , 161.
304. Hayward, Char les E . , 76.
Choptan k R iver, 87, 89, 108. Mr s. Mary , 288.
Greenbury , E l i zabeth, 294. Head Ran ge, 366.
N icho las, 49. Hearn , Bar ton , 84.Gr een Hi l l , 82 . W i l l iam, 84.Greenwel l , Mar i etta, 328. Hen der son , B enjam in , 2 16.
Green e, Rev . W i l l iam Wal lace, 111. Hen ry , Dan i e l M . , 83, 297, 307.Greenw ay , Robert, 167, 169. W . La ird , 77, 166, 308.Grenada, .349. John Campbe l l , 303 .Greensborough , 141. Hon . John , 146, 197, 299, 302 .Grey , O l iver'
, 44 . Gov . John , 197, 299 , 309.
L/ Gr lg'l th, E dward , 147, 148, Robert Go ldsborough, 307.Hannah , Robert Jen k in s, 82 .
John , 163 , 202 . ,7 Hugh , 147 .
Col . Fran c i s J ., 306.
eW i S , 44 J . C. , 152 .
Robert, i 5 1, 169, Co l . John , 303 .Gr i ffin , Lew i s, 32 1. Nann ie C , 296.Samuel , 2 52 . Herm itage, 2 19.Gr i swo ld, E l ias, 262 . Heron , E l i sha, 2 16.Groome, 15 5 . Jacob , 2 16.Grub ing Neck, 91 . Hersey , John , 371.Gunby , I saac, 2 16. Heyward, Mary Fran ces, 368.Joseph , 2 16. Thomas, 368.Gunter, Ph i l ip, 44. Hicks, Mrs . Barbara, 117.
\\ X
T homas, 489. 499 50 3. 543 593 69, 83 1l 15 1, I S41 309. 3”Governor , 3 14, 3 18.
Hooper C. 84, 85 .
Hackett, Thomas, 89.Levm , 3 10
Hae fn er , Dr . G . A ., 90 .Col Denwood. 203
Hai le, James, 44 .H i gn . Capt, Frank, 83 .
Hal l, Rev . Samuel D ., 111. J ames, 166
Hamb leton , R i chard, 274.
Thomas, 83~
Hambrook, 304, 3 1 1.
H i l l , Gen . B 261
Ham i lton, A lexan der, gfl
gy . 2 70 .
Hampton , M adam, 299.
9 ard , S I
Hanaway , Joseph , 32 1. 95 111681
2; 15 5. 32 1.
Han dy , E dward, 2 77.a a 1
2 16
I saac Sm i th, 2 77.
H i l lsborough , 14 1.
Hann ough , Susanna, 161. HOd SO“ C3 1” 10 h“ 54
Har ford Coun ty, 99. £0 1 John H 154. 160
Hen i y , 164.
ebecca, 323
Hares, W i l l iam , 44 .
COL Thomas, 8S
Harg i sson e, George, 44.
I ‘TOHG, Stel la McK n i ght, 356.
Harr ington , Emerson C., 165 .Hogg, George, 3 7
£ohn , 103 .
Ho l lan d ,eter , 132 , 233 .
Moi chae l , 2 16.
Samuel , 15 2 .R lchard , 44 .
Harper , Fran c i s, 169.Wm ., 156.
Joseph , 169. Hol land ’s I s land, 106.
I NDEX
Holland’s Strai ts, 208, 230 .
Home Guards, 2 50 .
Honga R iver, 3 1, 60 , 61, 105 , 106, 203, 344.2
49. 3 58.
Hhoper, E l i zab eth Ann , 33 1.Henry . 33 . 41. 47. 48. 49. 50. 54. 59. 105 .133. 145 . 176. 179. 199. 200. 203. 204. 2 10.2 14. 2 15 . 2 29. 2 30. 233 . 236. 2 54.
318. 3 19. 32 1. 322 . 324. 330. 33 1VV
i l l i am, 88, 271.
Samu e l, 142 , 330 .
Dr . W i ll iam, 238.
Thomas , 132 .
Dr . W i l l iam E nnal ls, 3 10 .
G en . Hen ry , 203 , 292, 3 10 , 327.James. 249. 323. 328.Dr . J o 326.
Sarah nn al ls, 2 71.
Maj. John , 287, 325 , 326.
El i zabeth E . Scott, 325 .
Jerem iah P . , 327Mary E ., 327 .
Em i ly Ann , 328.
Margaret LeCompte, 328.
Joseph Hen ry , 326.
Farm ly . 332 . 333 .
Hooper ’
s I slan d , 104, 1 15 , 132 , 143, 163, 190.2 03. 2 13 . 3 18. 3 19. 339.
Stra its, 106, 204, 208, 2 10, 2 12, 2 13, 2 15 ,2 17, 2 5 1.Cho ic e, 3 19, 320 .
Con c lus ion , 328, 329.Defianc e, 3 24.
Fortun e, 320 .
Lot, 3 19, 320 .
Pasture, 328.Hoopersvi l le, 84.
Hopk in s, John , 75W i l l iam, 73 .
Hotel D ixon , 2 71 .
Hou se of Assemb ly , 22 , 23 .
o f B urgesses, 2 72 , 32 1, 382 .
of Delegates, 149, 247, 280 , 3 11.
Howe ll , Rev . Thomas, 50, 109, 2 54, 2 5 5 .How es, Abraham, 293 .
Margaret, 293 .
How i th, Wm . W., 89.
Hubbert, ob, 2
Hud son , i eut. Hooper, 200 .
El m, 32 . 39. 41. 44. 54. 2 54. 255ver, 132 .
Hue an d Cry , 267.
Hughes’ Creek, 63 .
Huguenots, 361.
Hungar R iver, 105 , 3 18, 335 .
Hunger ford , 105 .
Hun t, B en jam in , 48, 165 .
Hunting Cr eek, 61, 107, 2 13, 267.
Hur lock, 89, 90 .
wbn M . , 89.
m . , 165 .
Hur st,John E 114.
Hutch in s, Char les, 41. 42. 47. 49. 5 0. 54. 59.95 .
Co lonel . 30 1.
Hyn son , 266.
In depen dent O rder of Heptasophs , 75 .
o f O d d Fe l lows, 75 .
Ind iantown Creek, 84.
I ng le, R ichard, 24, 2 5 .I n s loe, An drew, 42 .
30
In sley, Jacob , 84.
T. .S an gston , 166.
Capt. Levin , 243 .
I n sley’
s, 105 .
I reland, 14, 117, 276.
Iroq uo i s, 177.
I s l ington , 38, 60 .
I sle, Emerald, 65 .
of Kent, 342 .
Jackson , Andrew , 150, 349, 360 .
B en ., 69.
Dan i el , 149.
D r . , 84.
Wm ., 84, 8
g.
Wm ., J r . , urgeon , 2 5 2 .
Rachel, Don elson , 358.
Stonewall , 262 .
James I slan d, 2 03, 2 5 1, 366.
Po in t, 2 50 .
Jacob s, 88.
Mrs . , 84.
Jeff er son , George W .
Thomas, 146, 309.
Jen i fer, Dan iel, 36, 273.Jenn ings, Humphrey, 37.Jesu its, 16.
John son , A lbert, 3 57Govern or , 2 16, 2 2 1.
Capt. John , 168.
Dr . Chr i stopher, 2 72 .
E l i sha, 2 16.
Lieut. Char les, 202 .
Littleton , 2 16.
Peter, 160 .
Reverd y , 83, 3 13.Thomas, 384.
Thos ., J r . , 199.
Brad ley T., 18.Hen ry , 44.
Joseph H ., 73 , 77, 165 , 262 .
John ’s Po int, 39, 160,Jo l ly , Hooper, 84.
Jon es, Co lon el, 236, 262 .
Dan i el. 44. 45 . 59. 62. 64David, 5 5 .
E ugen e, 115 .
Fran k H ., 261.George, 2 50 .
Hen ry , 91.Mr ., 2 5 1.Roger, 1 10 .
Thomas, 197, 203, 212, 2 19.
W i ll iam, 103, 111, 161, 2 16.
Nettie M., 295 .
Jon eses , 102 .
Judd, Rev . Jonathan , 1 10 .
Jun ior O rder of Amer ican Mechan ic s,
Keene, Ben jam ine, 336, 345 .E dward, 336.
Rev . Samuel, 1 10 , 337.
R ichard , 335 , 336.
Capt. John. 33 5 . 336.Capt. , 2 03 .
L i eut. John , J r ., 202 .
105 .
Levin , 15 2 , 154, 330 .
W i l l iam, 110, 337.
466 INDEX
Keene , John , 139.
K eene . John R . , 15 2 , 156.
Rev . John . 1 10 .
Lou is B ., 115 .
Mrs Zoe , 1 16.
B enjam in , J r . , 132 , 150 , 15 1, 197 . 202 .
Mathew, 139, 146, 147 .
Sal l ie, 139.
Hen ry, 149, 15 1, 203 .
Farm ly . 334. 3 35Keene’
s Nec k ,Neg lect, 335 .
Keer, E . L ., 77 .
Ken t County , 93 .
I slan d , 2 3, 181, 2 50 , 293, 367.
Ken dal , 2 70 .
Ken tucky , 152 , 336, 337.K en er ly , 56.
Kenn er ly , Capt. I saac , 84 .
Kerr , John L eeds, 290, 39 1.Jo s iah L ., 2 57 .
Soph ia, 290 .
Jos iah , 83 .
Key s, Samuel, 84.
K i ldare, 14.
K i l l i h een , 1 17 .
ngd om of Ireland , 16.
K in g , E l i zab eth Barn es, 276.
John . 5 5S i r Rob ert, 299.
Thomas, 2 76.
K ing Abaco , 37.
Charles I . , 14, 16, 23, 25 .
Hen ry IV ., 16.
Jam es, 13 , 14. 36.W i l l iam , 47, 5 1 .
W i l l iam ’s Schoo l, 50 , 2 55 .
K in gston Hal l, 2 76.
K i p l ing, 13 .
K irk , John ,
Kirke, John , 44 .
K irw an . E n s ign John, 20 2 .
Peter , 339.
So lomon F . , 338, 339.
K irwan’
s Neck , 339.
Kn ights of Py th ias , 75 .
Know les, Hester E lean or, 370 .
Know-Noth ings, 154
L .
Lafay ette , General , 23 1, 390 .
La ird, W in der, 262 .
Lakes, Th e, 341.
Lake, Char les , 306, 35 1.
Ch i ldren of, 3 5 1 .
E dward , LL .D . , 341.
Robert, 342 .
S i r B i by e , 342 .
Henry . 344. 345 .
Capt. Hen ry , 203, 2 12 , 3 50 , 352 .Geor g e, 149, 150 , 349.
W i l l iam , 3 5 1 .
Ch i ldren of, 35 1.
W i ll iam Wash ington , 3 5 1, 3 58.
Levin , 35 2 .
Ch i ldren o f, 352 .
Wm . Augustus, 3 52 .
Ch i ldren of, 53 .
James Bu sh ro 353 .
Ch i ldren of, 3 53 .
W i l l iam , 355 .
Ch i ldren of, 355 .
R i chard P in kney , 35 5 , 358, 359 .
Ch i ldren o f. 356, 3 5 7 .
Lake . Capt. Wash ington, 354.
Ch i l dren o i , 3 5 4 .
Jo seph , 360 .
Ch i ldren of, 360 .
Sarah Lan don , 360 .
Fam i ly Character i sti c s , 349.
Lakes . 10 5 . 100. 133 . 143 . 194. 2 53. 339Lake ’
s D i str ict, 338, 344 , 345 , 3 54.
L akes V i lle , 105 , 340 .
Lan d Ofii c e, 272 .
Lan gra l l, Capt. James, 244.
Lat imer, Thos. E . , 77, 298.
Thos . E . , 166.
LeCompte, An thony , 3 1, 3 3, 361 . 362 , 364.
Moses, 132 , 142 , 203 , 332 , 362 , 363 , 364.
Ph i lemon , 145 .
B en j . W .. 147. 148. 149. 32 5Thomas, 2 50 .
James, 2 50 .
Wm . G . , 2 50 , 2 53 .
John , 364.
Samuel , 366.
Nan cy.374Leary , Chas . , 85 .
Lee, Ann e, 97.
R ichard . 95 . 96. 97. 99.
Laun celet, 95 , 99.
Franc i s, 96, 98, 99 .
R ichard , J r . , 96.
W i l l iam , 96.
Han cock, 96.
E l izabeth , 96. 99 .
John . 96. 97.
Char les , 97 .
Thomas, 98, 99. 238.
Carb in , 98, 99 .Govern or , 232 .
Gen . R . E . , 2 59, 261.Geri . F itzhugh, 304.
Leonardtown , 2 38.
Lew in , Rev. Myer , 1 11.
Lex ington , 199.
L ightwoo d Knot Chappe l, 2 17 .
L in co ln ’s I nn F i e lds, 16.
Limbo Harbour, 161.
Stra its, 106.
Limer ick Co un ty , 1 17.
Lin co ln , Abraham , 156, 3 13 . 3 16.
Lin kwood, 90 .
Lin th i cum , Capt. Thomas, 2 50 .
Z . W . , 156.
L in th icum’s Y ard , 241.
Li p/uncott’
s Magaz ine, 264.
L i ttle Choptan k , 61, 10 1, 102 , 103 , 108, 142,160 , 2 19, 248, 400 .
L iverpool , 167 .
L ivingstone , Mi ss Cather in e, 132 .
Lockerman , Govert, 2 54, 2 5 5 , 287 .
Jac ob . 43 . 49. 50 . 5 1. 65 .
Thos . , 33 1.
Lockerman’
s Manor , 92 .
Lockwo od , G en . , 259, 396.
Loco foc os , 15 3 .
Locu st G rove, 3 55 .
Logan ,L i eut . Thos . , 203 .
Lon don , 14, 20 , 26, 161, 2 54, 294, 336.
Lon g I slan d , 2 14.
Po int, 3 28.
Loomtown , 102 , 241.
Lo rd Balt imor e , 14, 15 , 16, 18, 2 1, 2 2 , 23,
24. 2 5 . 26. 28. 36. 5 1. 65 . 113
Dunmore ,2 11, 2 13 .Germa in , 204.
I NDEX
M u ir , Robert, 330 .
Mu rket, John , 46.
Mu rray , Co lon el, 204.
Dr . W i l l iam M ., 138, 168.
Fran c is, 130 .
Hon orab le Van s, 393 .
J ohn , 138, 147 .
James, 147. 197. 199. 200 . 203 . 204. 2 11.
2 12 . 2 13 . 394.
Dr . James, 304.
Wi l l iam , 138.
W i l l iam H . ,262 .
W i l l iam Van s, 393 .
M use, Co l . W i l l iam Su l ivane, 290 .
Dr . ames , 30 7 .
Dr . Vi l l iam H ., 290 .
Dr . Joseph, 68, 69, 290 .
J ames, 197.
Joseph E n nal ls, 290 .
2d Maj or Thomas, 203 , 2 12 , 2 17, 289.
My Lady Sew el l’
s Manor, 324.
Mynn e, Ann e, 13 .George, 13 .
My rtle Grove, 307.
Nada] , Rev . B . H ., 3 17 .
Nan semum, 320 .
Nan ticoke, 3 1, 35 , 84, 85 , 171, 172 , 174, 2 19.
Manor, 92, 159, 162 , 164.
R iver . 38. 61. 79. 82 . 93. 94. 95 . 98. 99.100 . 159. 172 . 241. 2 5 1. 2 5 2 . 300 . 303Nanticokes, 32 , 33, 170, 173 , 177, 367.
Nan ti q uacks , 106.
Natural S ign s, 190 .
Navy , Mo ses, 249.
W i l l iam , 2 34.
Neck D i str ic t, 143 .
Nevett, John R ider, 138, 304.
Thomas, 64, 138.
New Amsterdam , 65 .
Newbel l , Henry , 44 .
N ew E n g lan d , 293 .
New foun d lan d, 13, 15 .
ew Jer sey . 72 . 88. 244. 342. 356ew Market, 2 18.
Academy , 87.
B lues , 203 .
New Sweden , 35 .
New ton , E dward, 44.
John , 44, 152 .
N icho las Maney’s Po int, 38, 60 .
John . 43 .
N icho l son , Fran c i s, 48, 49, 50 .
N icho l s, Ben j am in , 266.
Hen ry , 266.
Jasper, 266.
D r . H . F ., 90 .
Dr . Jo seph , 15 1, 15 3 .
Nob le, F . J . , 89.
Mary , 329.
Noel , Capt. E dward , 2 19.
Nom iny , 97.
Noon er , Thomas,
Norman’s Cove, 248.
Northam pton , 2 5 .
Coun ty , 281.
North , Hick s, 249.
Northrop , C . L 166.
Northumb er lan d County , 96.
Nott, Rev . John W ., 111.
Nova Scotia, 13 1, 164.
Nowe ll , James, 44, 5 5 .
Nowel s, Margaret, 5 5 .
380 , 381.
Oath of F idel ity , 345 .Obd er, Capta in , 3 2, 37 .
O c ean C ity , 86.
O ffey , John , 42 .
Old Bury ing Groun ds , 137.
Fam i ly Homestead 3 5 8.
F ie ld Church, 266.
O rphan s’ Court, 441 .
O tayachgo , 17 1.
Outen , Purnel l , 2 16.
Owen , R ichar d, 44, 49, 59.
O x ford, 97, 164, 167, 30 1.Oy ster In dustry, 73 .
Paca, W i l l iam, 199.
Page, Hen ry, 152 , 391.
Pan der , E dward,P an q uash, 174.
Pap i sts, 116, 169 .
Paradi se, 99.
Pardue, Stephen , 44 .
Par i s,’ 394.
Parker, Henry , 2 16.
Par lett, Co l lector B . F ., 297, 298.
Par l iament, 26, 3 1.
P arnassas H i l l, 2 77.
Parson ’s Creek, 103 , 143, 248.
Partr idge, Jonathan , 133 .
P asterfield , W i l l iam, 2 5 3 .
Patti son , Ann , 373, 376.
Everett K ., 380 .
E x-Governor Robert F ., 380 .
Fam i ly , 373 .Gen ea logy, 375 .
380 .
R , 1 10, 132 , 15 1.
R i chard, 332 .
Samuel, 380 .
Thomas. 38. 41. 47. 53 . 54. 5 5. 56. 59
373 . 3 76Patuxen t, 27, 3 1, 37, 163, 240, 320 .
Payn e, 93 .
Pearcy , E n s ign R i char d, 2 5 2 .
P ear ley , W i l l iam, 16.
Penn , 36.
Penn sy lvan ia, 176, 206, 243 , 360 , 380 .
Peop le, John , 44 .
Percy ( Loco foco ) , 153 .
Per le, James, 44.
Peterk in , James, 44, 45 , 59.
Peter sburg , 263 .
Peyton ’s Battery, 263 .
Phelp s, Dr ., 69, 140 .
Dr . F . P ., 381.
Fran c i s E . , 150 .
(Wh ig), 15 3 .
Ph i ladelph ia, 63 , 75, 138, 199, 2 18, 244, 276
304. 360 .
Con ference, 134.
Ph i l i pp ine I slands, 3 18.
INDEX
Ph i l l ips , John , 56, 262 .
Po in t, 61.
Thomas, 44 .
Ph i pp s, Becca, 248.L ieut. , 248.
P ierce, Hon . James A l fred, 3 13, 391.
P i erson , John , 44.
P ind er, E dward, 48, 49, 57, 59.
P inkn ey , 146.
P itt, Char les H ., 83 .
E l i zabeth, 270 .
John , 133 .
J . R . W . , 149.
M i lcah, 2 71.Ph i l ip , 10 9, 165 .
Robert, 2 0 .
Samue l i l son , 271 .
T . , 149.W i l l iam, 133 .
P i ttsburg , 243 .
P lovey , W i l l iam, 44 .
P lugl Ug l i es, 3 12 .
Plummer, Henry , 44 .
John , 44 .
P lymouth Green s, 202 .
Pocomoke Swamp, 176.
R iver, 299.
Po lk, James K . , 392 .
Po l lard . John . 33. 34. 42 . 49. 5 5 . 59.
Pope ,John , 44.
Popery, 116.
Pop lar I s lan d, 2 50 .
Popu lation of Dorchester Co . , 268.
by D i str icts, 268.
P orpe igham, 320 , 329, 330 .
Po st, Fanny , 380 .
P osto fh ce and Postmasters, 445 .
Potomac R iver , 96, 175 , 2 59.
Po tter , Thomas Wood, 2 16.
Powel l , Char les, 165 .Thomas, 32 .
Pow ers, W i l l iam, 2 50 .
Preston , R ichard , 26, 27, 33 , 37, 38.
Pr ice, B . D .,Pr ic e, John , 2 5 , 2 08.
Pr in c ess Ann e, 295 .
Academy , 180 .
Pr in c eton Co l lege, 30 1, 303 .
Pr itchett’s Cross Road s, 338.
Pr ivates, Fly ing Co ., 206, 207, 208.
S ixth In depen den t Co ., 20 1, 202 , 2 14.
Pr ivateers, 2 15 .
Protestan t E p iscopal Church, 10 1, 102 , 108,2 54. 298. 306. 3 26Revo lut ion , 144.
Propr ietary , 17, 22 , 23 , 2 5 , 26, 3 1, 32 , 41.Providen ce, 2 5 , 3 1.
Provin ce of Mary land , 162 , 324.
Prov in c ial Court, 2 2, 176, 322 .
Pruett, An drew , 44.
Pub l i c Schoo l Comm i ss ion ers, 443 .
P uckum , 91.
Pur itan s, 2 7 .
Q.
Quakers , 89, 241.
Queen Ann e , 1 13, 116.
Ann e’s Coun ty , 1 10 .
Hen r ietta Mar ia, 16.
Queen ’s Co l lege , 97.
Qu in ton , Ph i l ip, 147.
Qu i t R en ts, 163 .
Rai lroad, Baltimore and E astern Shore, 86.
Chesapeake an d Atlan tic , 86.
Camb r i dge an d S eaford , 86, 90 .W eldon , 263 .
Ran do lph, 146.
Rap idan , 262 .
Rapahanock, 106.R eeves, Joseph , 44.
Reese, James E ., 76.
R eed , John , 142 .W i l l iam, 142 .
R eed ’s Grove, 142 .
R ehoboth , 95 , 97, 98, 99, 100
Ren t Ro l l s, 163 .
Revo lut ionary Per iod, 197 .
War . 303. 306. 343. 356
Revo lution , 240 .
Represen tatives, House of, 3 14.
Repub l ican State Cen tral Comm i ttee, 297.Rh in e , 1 17.
Rh in ebeck, 132 .
R i chardson , Alb ert L ., 383 .
Fam i ly , 381.
S ir Thomas, 385 .George, 385 .
John . 44 . 45 . 59Mrs . James, 114.
E . , 142 .
Mr s . A lbert L ., 283 .
E zek i e l, 147 .
Robert, 239.
MeV in ’
HI SI ’ 153 , 156, 285 .
l rs . ester Dorsey , 185 , 4.Sarah A ., 285 .
33
Joseph, 197, 200 , 203, 2 12 , 2 19.
Maj or Thomas, 382 .
Co l . Wm . , 2 19, 383 , 384.
Wm ., 382 , 383 .
Co lon el, 2 03 .
R ichmon d, 261, 360 .
R ichard ’s Manor , 335 .
R ider , Capt. John , 50, 2 54, 2 55 , 300 .
John , 2 16.
R iggs Ho use, 2 7 1 .
R i ley , James Wh itcomb , 372 .
Rob in Hood, 174.
C lub . 302 .
Rob son, Capt. Joseph, 2 11.
Rob in son , Br i ta in , 84.
Wm. M .,
John , G ., 256.
I saac, 83 .
Lieut. L uke, 2 03 .
Capta in , 2 03 .
Robertson , Dr . , 325 .
Wm. M . , 142 .
E l i zabeth E l len, 385 .
Robert, 44 .
Rob erts Bros ., 75 , 90 .
Hugh , 249.
Rob in s, James, 171 .
Ro l l in s , Nan cy, 3 70 .
Rob son , John , 132 .
W i l l iam , 43 , 44 .
Rooseve lt, Pres ident, 298, 3 18.
Ro s s , John , 43 .
Rome, 5 2 .
R oman Catho l ic Church , 16.
Rough, Dan iel, 132 .
Row en s, Capt. John , 93 , 15 1, 153, 25 2 .
R oya l Arcan um, 75 .
O ak, 2 5 2 .
470
Ru ssel l , John , 161 .
Ru sse l l ’s Creek , 161.
Ru ssum , VVi n lock , 2 56
Rush , Hon . R ic hard , 304.
Rum ley , B i l ly , 170 , 17 1 .
J ohn , 2 13 .
Sacred Sup erstition s , 195 .
Sage of A sh lan d, 3 15 .
Sa lem , 352 .
Sa l i sbury , Dr . Gove, 276.
John . 59San
'
Fran c i sco , 297.
San ford , 148.
San dy I s lan d , 106, 2 5 1 .
Po in t, 2 5 1.
Saun ders, Joseph, 2 50 .
Li eut . Abraham , 2 52 .
Savage. E dward. 3 5 . 39. 41. 53John , 44 .
Schoon er “Albert Thomas,H“ Charm in-g Betty , 243 .
Past Grand,” 243 .
Regu lator , 243 .
Tay lor’
s I s lan d , 243 .
Schar f’s H i story , 17.
S c le igh , Lake , 262 .
Scotland , 5 1, 65 , 385 .
Scott, E l i zabeth E nn al ls, 287 .Gustavu s, 2 32 , 293 .
R ev . Mr . , 180 .
Mary , 2 71.
Sears, John , 163 .
S ec retary , 1 16.
Creek , 87, 141, 320 , 324.
o f State , 439.
Sewal l s ’ Creek, 173 .
Senate, 247 .
o f Mary lan d , 103 .
Severn , 3 1Seward , eorge, 39 .
Sew el l , Garrettson , 84 .
Seymour , Govern or , 174.
Shake speare , 190 .
Sharp,Governor , 82 .
Sharp e. Peter , 3 1.
Shawan , 176.
Shawn ee I nd ian s , 176.
Shen ton , G . Galon , 1 15 .
Jo seph , 169.
Raymon d , 1 16, 169.
-Vi l l iam ,169.
Shepherd-Patti son Gen ea logy, 379.
Shep herd . Caleb Lo ckwoo d , 385 .
James S .. 3 19. 385 .
Sherw oo d , Dan i e l, 274.
Hugh . 274.
Mrs . Mary , 2 74.
Sh i p l ey . David , 33 1.
Shoal Creek , 307.
Show e l l , E l len , 297 .
Wi l l iam M . , 298.
Sh rop sh i re , 95 .
Shy rock , Ann L . , 93 .
S immon s , Char l es W . , 340 .
E dward . 2 50 .
Jame s E . 340 .
J ohn , 249.
Mo ses . 249.
Mr s . Dorothy , 115 .
Thomas W ., 165 .
243 .
INDEX
1 349
S immons , W i l l iam H . , 340 .
S imp son , Co l . Southey , 2 15 .
S in c la i r, Hen ry , 89.
‘ Sk inn er , Ann , 270 .
An n ie, 380 . 7
Thomas, 38, 39, 41, 365 .
Sk inn ers , 102 .
Sk inn er ’
s Cho ice, 365 .
S lab town , 923
S lacum , Mary BQS lacum , George,J ob, 2 13 .
I ., 1 10 .
S lac ombe Notes, 346, 347, 348.
al lhommony , Jemmy , 176.
Sm al lwo od . Co lon e l ; 2 11 .
Sm ith , Dr . Ben j am in L ., 104.
Capt. Hen ry , 95 .
Capt. W . B . , 2 5 2 .
Anna, 2 77.
D r . A . Ham i lton , 277 .
E n s ign John , J r . , 2 19.George D . , 83 .Georg e A . Z . , 84, 85I saac P . , 2 76.
Jam es, 153 .
K irby , 262 .
John , 99, 106, 170 .
Samuel , 53 .
S q u ire, 85 .
Rev . Dr . W i l l iam 138.
R i chard , 85 .
Th omas , 2 2 1.
\’Veth ers , 83 .
Sm ithson , Thomas , 53 .
W i l l iafn , 5 1, 5 3 .
Sm i ther s , Dr ., 83 , 2 56.
Smoot, John , 99, 147, 148.
Snooke, John , 44 .
Sob i esk i , John , 65 .
Soc ia l Li fe, 185 .
Somerset Coun ty , 36, 38, 5 1, 82 , 84, 95 , 102 ,
138, 187, 2 08, 2 15 , 2 16, 2 2 0 . 243 , 2 59, 2 70 ,2 76. 281. 295 . 299. 3 2 1. 3 2 5 . 367 .
Sommers , Ben j . , 2 16.George , 2 16.
Thomas, 2 16.
Southern Army , 340 .
South Caro l ina, 78, 84, 136, 156, 188.
Sover eign s, W i ll iam and Mary , 4 1, 46
1 16.
Sparrow , Thomas, 2 17, 2 19.
Spedden . Levin , 2 34.
W . H . , 166.
Sp i c er , Jerem iah , 2 50 .
Traver s , 2 50 , 2 56.
Spr igg, R ichard , 197, 293 .
Spr in g I slan d, 2 13 .
Sprou c e, Geo rge , 44 .
Spu r iway , W i l l iam , 44 .
Stack , Li eut. Jo seph , 203 .
S tamward . John , 44 .
Stan ton ,Secretary , 278.
S ta in toon , Lieut.-Co lon el , 203 .
Stan ford, A lgernon Si dn ey , 85 .
S t. Ann e ’
s Par i sh, 337.
Stanwood , A . S ., 149.
S tamp Ac t, 197 .
S tagté
le for t. R aymond . 33 , 3 4. 42 , 4 5 , 104 . 119 .
3 L i l l ian , 381 .
W i l l iam T . , 1 11 .
State ’
s Attorn ey s, 298, 440 , 44 1.
State Conven tion s, 436.
472 I NDEX
Traver s,W i l l iam K, 15 1, 202 , 2 12 , 2 19.
153 .
Samue l , 249.
Tredway , Rev . S . B ., 78.
Tregoe, Roger, 2 33, 2 50.
Tr in ity Church, 108.
Tr i pp e, Capta in , 47.
I Ien ry. 33. 38. 39. 41. 42. 44. 45 . 47. 48.49. 59. 172 . 241. 2 72 .
Tubman , Char les, 1 15 .
Fran k, 115 .Mr s . 115 .R ichard, 43, 163, 169, 202 .
Rob ert,Tucker, W i l l iam, 133, 33 1.
Tun es, Aaron,
‘
5 5 .Turn er, Henry, 45 .
Turp in , Major Frank, 100 .
Mrs. Bel le F ., 100 .
Tuttle, R ichard, 148.
Tybbs , Levin , 2 16.
Ty l er, Capt. L . A ., 339.
John E ., 76.
Martha Jefferson , 293 .
Mr s . Sus ie, 1 15 .
Pres ident, 293 .
U nalachtgo, 171.Un ivers ity of O x ford , 13 .
Yale, 68.
of Mary lan d, 278.
Un i ted States, 264, 307.Senator s, 444.
Congressmen , 444.
S enate, 146, 298, 303 .
Navy , 295 .
Army Vo lunteers, 3 18.
Un derw ood, E l i zab eth, 159.
Jud ith, 159.
Peter, 160 .
Van Buren , 15 1.Van derb i lt, Mrs . Frank Armstrong, 356.
Vaufihn , Rob erow lan d , 44 .
Veaz y , Govern or, 3 12 .
Ve i ch , Thomas, 44 .Ven ab l es, W i l l iam, 83 .
W idow , 83 .
V i ckers,'
Mr s . E ., 115 .
E zek iel , 133, 203 .V ic ksburg, 1 14.Vi enna, 61, 62 , 65, 79, 80 , 81, 82 , 83 , 84,8s. 86. 107. 133. 136. 143. 159. 178. 284.
300 . 303 . 3 10 . 3 11
t on , E . P ., 14.V in son , E n s ign John , 2 52 .
V innacokas immon , 32 .V i rg in ia, 15 , 16, 2 3 , 24, 2 5 , 26, 48, 49, 50 ,65 . 89. 95 . 96. 97. 98. 99. 13 1. 134. 170. 181.184. 2 15 . 23 1. 233 . 2 58. 2 59. 261. 262 . 276.281. 309. 3 19. 326. 340. 342. 3 56. 360. 380
W .
Wa
dId el l, Dan iel J ., 85 .ames, 15 1, 154, 165 .
Waggaman , Thos . E ., 293 .
Wales, 384 .
Wal lac e, Co l . James,
J arnes. 64. 73. 74. 15 5 . 2 58. 396.
Walter, Maj. Levin , 2 5 2 .
W'
alsh, Thomas Yates, 83 .
Warren , L . K . , 75 .
Ware, Rev . Thomas, 119.
Ward, E zek ie l, 2 16.George, 147.Thomas, 2 16.
Warfield , Mrs. E l i zab eth, 140 .
Warw i c k R iver , 87, 88.
Fort Manor , 159, 320 , 324, 3 28.
Wash ington , 67, 1 14, 247, 27 1, 306, 308, 3 17.George, 146, 2 14, 23 1, 303 .
Chapel , 134.
Co l lege , 337.Wateree R iver, 229.
Waters, Rev Cyrus, 111, 148.Waterfield , Rev. T ., 78.
Waugh Chap le, 179.
Weléste
Ii
J
'
, Dan iel, 69, 70 , 369.75
Zachar iah, 84.
Webb , Thomas, 83 .
Capta in , 2 52 .
Thomas Hen ry , 83 .
Jame s‘
F ., 85 .Wel ler, Rev. G ., 110 .
W'
es l ey , John , 90, 1 17, 118, 132 .
Chapel , 3 17 .
Wes leyan M ethod i sm, 135 .
Weston , 300 , 302 .
West Nott ingham Academy, 30 1.
R iver, 304.
W i l lar d E . , 166.V irg in ia , 3 14.
Western Mary land, 13 1.Shore, 148, 181.
Westmore lan d Coun ty , 98, 289.
Wharton , Mary , 328Whatcoat, B i shop, 134.
Wheatley , Capta in , 203 .
Whe lan d , Jo seph, J r ., 208.W heeler, John , 234.
VWheel i ng In tell igencer , 383 .
Wh ite , Mrs . Mary, 140 .
E l i za, 135 .
Mary Ann , 135 , 271.
Dr . E dward. 54. 61. 133. 134. 135 . 139.2 7 1.
J . McK enny , 262 .
Thomas, 68, 2 71.Sarah, 135 .
Wh i te Haven , 10 1, 309, 385 .
Mar sh , 103, 324.
Hou se, 189.
Wh itehou se, Rt. Rev. B i shop, 112 .
\Vh i ttingham , B i shop , 1 11.
\Vh itti ng ton , Maj. W i l l iam, 5 1, 33 1.
VVh ite ley s, 398.
Wh i teley, Ar thur, 56, 64, 33 1, 404.
Jo seph, 2 5 2 .
W i com i co County , 84.
Wicom ico , 82 , 97.
W’i l l iam Th e Con q ueror, 280 .
W i l l i s , Mrs . John M ., 285 .
Char l es, 1 14.
L i eut. John , 2 52 .
J 149 .
W i l l iams, John , 142 ,Li eut. Samuel, 2 52 .
Dr . Thos . H ., 262 , 326.
\Vi l liam sbu rg, 1, 92, 93 .
\Vi ll in , Lieut. evin , 203, 2 12 .
\Vi lm ington , 1 16.
VVi l lo ughby . W i l l iam, 43, 45 .John , 249.
INDEX
W i lmon t, Li zz ie , 328.
W i lson , Calvin D i l l, 264.
Dan i e l, 2 50 .George A . 1 15 .
Jac ob , 152 , 369.
J ob. 234E phraim K in g , 2 77.
W i ll ,pRaymon d S taplefort, 387.
W in dsor, Wm . , 2 5 3W in icaco , 177 .
W innough q uargno , 174.
W in th ro p, George, 2 71 .
W in sm ore, Rob ert, 39, 41, 42 .
W itches , 194.
W iwashes, 1o6, 171.Wood lan d, Chas . , 2 50 .
Wood lan d town , 105Woods i de, Mr s. Wm . G ., 114.
Wo
oldfivard , Mrs ., 5 5 .
o n 47.
9
59Wo o l ford s,Woo l ford, 0
8
1. Roger, 50, 103, 160 ,2 5 5 . 289. 398Thomas, 145 , 200, 2 11, 2 14, 229, 2 74,
400 , 40 1.
Capt. Stephen , 203 , 329, 403 .
Levin, 324.
ohn , 64.
ames, 389, 406ary . 398Kather ine , 380 .
Mr s . Rog er, 322 .George Wh i tefield, 406Woo len ,
g
J ohn Thomas, 91,Thomas 2 50 . Z ion Bapt i st Church, 180 .
ERRATA .
Page 148, after sixth l ine from top, insert subhead P atr i ots as
P ol i ti ci ans .
Page 165 , second l ine from bottom, for I rving R . Mace read W.
M ace .
Page 182 , second l ine from bottom, for Gr ass read B rass .
473
Worcester Coun ty , 209, 2 16, 298.
Worg in , W i l l iam, 39, 4 1.W or ld ’s E nd Creek , 10 5 , 339.
Worth ington , Achsa, 294.
Wr ight, Char les, 44.
Thomas I ., 89.
Capt. Nathan , 142 .
Martin , 150 .
M . L ., 15 1.Li eut. James, 203 .
I shmael, 361.
Wroughton , Wi l l iam, 38.
Wy e,Wyran fconmickonono, 174 .
Yardley , Col . Fran c is , 26.
Y armouth , 5 5 , 56.
Y ate, John , 44 .
Y eats, Donald son, 23 1.
“Ye E n d in g of Con trovers ie , 284.
Y erbury , Sarah, 294.
York, 13 .
County, 96.Y orksh ire, 13, 270 .
Y orktown , 239.
Youel l, Thomas, 97.