Introduction to the Periodic Table

Atomic Number ● Symbol ● Atomic Weight

Element ● Compound ● Mixture

I am Demitri Mendeleev!

I made the PERIODIC TABLE !

What is the PERIODIC TABLE?

o  Shows all known elements in the universe.

o  Organizes the elements by chemical properties.

How do you read the PERIODIC TABLE?

What is the ATOMIC NUMBER?

o  The number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom

Or o  The number of electrons surrounding the nucleus of an atom.

What is the SYMBOL?

o  An abbreviation of the element name.

What is the ATOMIC WEIGHT?

o  The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

How do I find the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons in an element

using the periodic table?

o  # of PROTONS = ATOMIC NUMBER

o  # of ELECTRONS = ATOMIC NUMBER

o  # of NEUTRONS = ATOMIC _ ATOMIC WEIGHT NUMBER

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Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures

What is an ELEMENT? o  A substance composed of a single kind of atom.

o  Cannot be broken down into another substance by chemical or physical means.

What is a COMPOUND?

o  A substance in which two or more different elements are CHEMICALLY bonded together.

What is a MIXTURE?

o  Two or more substances that are mixed together but are NOT chemically bonded.

Element, Compound or Mixture?

Element, Compound or Mixture?

Element, Compound or Mixture?

Element, Compound or Mixture?

Element, Compound or Mixture?

Element, Compound or Mixture?

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Periods Each row is called a “period”

Hint:

A period comes at the end of a sentence--a horizontal line.

Groups

• Each column is called a “group” or family.

• Each element in a group has the same number of electrons in its outer orbital, also known as its outer shell.

Group 1 = 1 electron

Group 2 = 2 electrons

Group 8 = 8 electrons Except for He, it has 2 electrons

• The electrons in the outer shell are called “valence electrons.”

12

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

18

Hint: Your Family tree is vertical.

Transition Metals Transition Metals have slightly different rules

for shells and valence electrons.

More on this later

Now you are as smart, but still not as handsome as the great

Mendeleev!

Man, I look GOOD!